WO2021082884A1 - 电动工具 - Google Patents

电动工具 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021082884A1
WO2021082884A1 PCT/CN2020/120122 CN2020120122W WO2021082884A1 WO 2021082884 A1 WO2021082884 A1 WO 2021082884A1 CN 2020120122 W CN2020120122 W CN 2020120122W WO 2021082884 A1 WO2021082884 A1 WO 2021082884A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery pack
current
battery
motor
voltage
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/120122
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
牟国良
Original Assignee
苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司
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Application filed by 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司 filed Critical 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司
Publication of WO2021082884A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021082884A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0031Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0063Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of battery power supply, in particular to an electric tool.
  • multiple battery packs in parallel is one of the power supply methods. Multiple battery packs are connected in parallel. Although multiple battery packs in parallel will greatly improve the battery's endurance, power and battery life, each battery The voltage between the packs cannot be exactly the same, so a potential difference will be formed between multiple battery packs, so a current will be formed. The current flows from the high-potential battery pack to the low-potential battery pack, charging the low-potential battery pack to form Mutual charging current.
  • the battery packs are allowed to charge each other.
  • the mutual charging current is not controlled, especially when the pressure difference between multiple battery packs of the tool is greater than a certain value, the mutual charging current may exceed the safe current of the battery, and the battery has certain safety risks, which may easily cause damage to the battery and reduce the use of the battery The longevity needs to be solved urgently.
  • the present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide an electric tool that can disconnect the battery pack on the low-voltage side when the mutual charging current is greater than the safe current, so as to prevent the mutual charging current from exceeding the safe current and causing battery damage.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an electric tool, including: a motor; a first battery pack and a second battery pack for providing electrical energy to the motor; a first switch device and a second switch device, so The first switch device is connected in series between the first battery pack and the motor to turn on or cut off the connection between the first battery pack and the motor, and the second switch device is connected in series with the motor. Between the second battery pack and the motor to turn on or cut off the connection between the second battery pack and the motor; and a controller for monitoring the connection between the first battery pack and the second battery pack Mutual charging current, and when the mutual charging current is greater than the safe current threshold, the corresponding switching device is controlled to cut off the connection between the battery pack with a relatively low voltage and the motor.
  • the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in parallel to provide electric energy to the motor.
  • the charging current between the first battery pack and the second battery pack is greater than the safe current, the battery pack on the low-voltage side is disconnected .
  • reduce or even effectively avoid safety risks not only to ensure that multiple packs are connected in parallel to improve battery life, power and battery life, but also to ensure the safety and reliability of the battery pack, which greatly improves The service life of the battery, and effectively guarantee the service life of the power tool, improve the applicability and use experience of the tool.
  • the electric tool according to the foregoing embodiment of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:
  • control unit further includes a current detection unit for detecting the magnitude and direction of the mutual charging current between the first battery pack and the second battery pack, and the voltage The relatively low battery pack is the battery pack where the mutual charging current flows.
  • control unit further includes a voltage detection module for detecting the voltages of the first battery pack and the second battery pack, and when the mutual charging current is greater than the safe current threshold, The corresponding switching device is controlled to cut off the connection between the battery pack with a relatively low voltage and the motor.
  • the controller includes: a voltage detection unit for detecting the first current voltage of the battery pack in the power supply state among the first battery pack and the second battery pack; and the temperature;
  • the detection module is used to detect the first current temperature of the battery pack in the power supply state in the first battery pack and the second battery pack;
  • the control unit when the first current temperature or the first current voltage does not meet the power supply condition At this time, it is used to control the corresponding switch device to cut off the connection between the battery pack that does not meet the power supply condition and the motor.
  • the temperature detection unit and the voltage detection unit are also used to detect the second current temperature and the first battery pack in the idle state of the first battery pack and the second battery pack. 2.
  • the controller is further configured to receive a power-on instruction of the electric tool, and when the current temperature and current voltage of the first battery pack and the second battery pack meet the power supply conditions When, the first switching device and the second switching device are closed.
  • the first switching device and the second switching device respectively include: a power-on loop and a power switch device, and the power-on loop and the power switch device are both arranged in the battery pack. And the motor, and the power-on circuit and the power switch device are connected in parallel.
  • it further includes: a first battery accommodating part and a second battery accommodating part, the first battery accommodating part and the second battery accommodating part are used for one-to-one corresponding accommodating and connecting the first battery accommodating part and the second battery accommodating part.
  • the battery pack and the second battery pack are used for one-to-one corresponding accommodating and connecting the first battery accommodating part and the second battery accommodating part.
  • the electric tool may be a lawn mower, the lawn mower includes a body, and the first battery pack and the second battery pack are arranged side by side on the body.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a structural block diagram of an electric tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a control method of an electric tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the electric tool of the embodiment of the present invention includes: a motor 100, n battery packs (shown as battery pack 201, battery pack 202, ..., battery pack 20n in the figure), and n battery packs
  • the switching device shown as the switching device 301, the switching device 302,..., the switching device 30n in the figure
  • the controller 400 are connected in series.
  • n battery packs are connected in parallel to provide electric energy for the motor 100.
  • the n switching devices are connected in series between the n battery packs and the motor 100 in a one-to-one correspondence to turn on or cut off the connection between the n battery packs and the motor 100, where n is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • the multiple battery packs of the present invention are connected in parallel, and a closed loop is formed between the multiple battery packs.
  • the controller 400 is used to monitor the cross charging current between any two battery packs in the multiple battery packs connected in parallel, that is, the mutual charging current, and when the mutual charging current is greater than
  • the corresponding switching device is controlled to cut off the connection between any two battery packs with a relatively low voltage and the motor 100.
  • the electric tool of the embodiment of the present invention can disconnect the battery pack on the low voltage side when the mutual charging current is greater than the safe current, avoiding battery damage caused by the mutual charging current exceeding the safe current, effectively avoiding safety risks, and ensuring the safety and safety of the battery pack. Reliability, effectively guaranteeing the service life of electric tools.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the dual-pack control circuit of the present invention.
  • the two battery packs are the first battery pack 201 and the second battery.
  • Package 202, the first battery package 201 and the second battery package 202 form a parallel circuit for providing electrical energy to the motor 100.
  • the controller 400 is arranged between the parallel circuit and the motor 100 and is used to control the rotation and stop of the motor.
  • the first switch device 301 is connected in series between the first battery pack 201 and the controller 400, and is used to cut off the connection between the first battery pack 201 and the motor 100, and the second switch device 302 is connected in series to the second battery pack 201.
  • the battery pack 202 and the controller 400 are used to turn on or cut off the connection between the second battery pack 202 and the motor 100.
  • the controller 400 is used to monitor the magnitude of the mutual charging current in the loop composed of the first battery pack 201, the first switching device 301, the second battery pack 202, and the second switching device 302. When the mutual charging current is greater than the safe current threshold, control The device 400 controls the switching device corresponding to the battery pack with a relatively low voltage to be turned off, so that the battery pack with a higher voltage alone provides electric energy to the motor 100.
  • the present invention disconnects the battery pack on the low-voltage side when the mutual charging current is greater than the safe current threshold, avoiding battery damage caused by the mutual charging current exceeding the safe current, effectively avoiding safety risks, ensuring the safety and reliability of the battery pack, and effectively guaranteeing The service life of power tools.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further detects the voltage of the battery pack.
  • the detection can be performed by the voltage detection module or the current detection unit 4011.
  • the voltage detection module and the current detection unit 4011 are respectively described below. The program is explained in detail.
  • the controller 400 includes a current detection unit 4011 for detecting the magnitude and direction of the mutual charging current between the first battery pack 201 and the second battery pack 202, that is, the current detection unit 4011 detects whether A negative current flows through the first switching device 301 to the first battery pack 201 to charge the first battery pack 201, or the current detection unit 4011 detects whether a negative current flows through the second switching device 302 to the second battery pack 202 for the second battery pack 201 The battery pack 202 is charged.
  • the current detection unit 4011 detects the mutual charging current flowing to the first battery pack 201 through the first switching device 301, that is, the negative current flowing to the first battery pack 201, the magnitude of the mutual charging current is obtained , And determine whether the mutual charging current is greater than the safe current threshold. If the mutual charging current is greater than the safe current threshold, it means that the voltage of the first battery pack 201 is lower than that of the second battery pack 202.
  • the controller 400 controls the first switching device 301 When disconnected, the first battery pack 201 stops supplying power to the motor 100, and only the second battery pack 202 with a relatively high voltage provides power to the motor 100.
  • the current detection unit 4011 detects the mutual charging current flowing to the second battery pack 202 through the second switching device 302, that is, the negative current flowing to the second battery pack 202, the magnitude of the mutual charging current is obtained, and when When the mutual charging current is greater than the safe current threshold, it means that the voltage of the second battery pack 202 is lower than that of the first battery pack 201, and the controller 400 controls the second switching device 302 to turn off, and the second battery pack 202 stops Power is supplied to the motor 100, and only the first battery pack 201 with a relatively high voltage provides power to the motor 100.
  • the controller 400 includes a voltage detection module and a current detection unit 4011.
  • the voltage detection unit 4011 is used for detecting the voltages of the first battery pack 201 and the second battery pack 202
  • the current detection unit 4011 is used for Detect the magnitude of the mutual charging current in the parallel circuit formed by the first battery pack 201 and the second battery pack 202, when the mutual charging current is greater than the safe current threshold, if at this time, the voltage of the first battery pack 201 is greater than the second battery pack 202
  • the controller 400 controls the second switching device 302 to turn off, and the second battery pack 202 stops providing power to the motor 100, and only the first battery pack 201 provides power to the motor 100.
  • connection mode between the multiple battery packs in this FIG. 1 is only schematic, and the present invention is not limited to this connection mode.
  • the present invention needs to explain that although multiple packs in parallel can improve battery endurance, power and battery life, once the mutual charging current is not controlled, it is easy to cause damage to the battery and reduce the service life of the battery. Therefore, the present invention
  • the embodiment first detects the mutual charging current between two battery packs connected in parallel in real time, and judges whether the mutual charging current is greater than the safe current threshold, and controls whether a single battery pack provides power to the motor or two batteries according to the judgment result
  • the package is connected in parallel to provide power to the motor.
  • the safe current threshold can be set by those skilled in the art according to actual conditions.
  • the safe threshold cannot be higher than the maximum charging current of the battery pack set by the battery pack manufacturer. It should be noted that the larger the safe current threshold, it means The greater the upper limit of the mutual charging current, the faster the temperature of the battery pack rises, and the higher the requirements for the safety of the battery.
  • the embodiment of the present invention solves how to control the mutual charging current to avoid exceeding the safe current, disconnect the battery pack on the low-voltage side, and stop the battery pack on the low-voltage side from supplying power to the tool, so that it can be effective when multiple packs of tools are used in parallel.
  • Reduce the safety risk of high-current mutual charging of the battery pack ensure the safety and reliability of the battery pack, and greatly increase the service life of the battery.
  • the controller 400 includes: a detection unit 401 and a control unit 402.
  • the detection unit 401 may specifically include a temperature sensor and a voltage detection module.
  • the temperature sensor is used to detect the first current temperature of the battery pack in the power supply state in the first battery pack 201 and the second battery pack 202
  • the voltage detection module is used to detect that the first battery pack 201 and the second battery pack 202 are supplying power.
  • the control unit 402 is used to control the corresponding switch device to cut off the connection between the battery pack and the motor that does not meet the power supply condition.
  • the embodiment of the present invention detects the temperature, voltage and other state parameters of the battery pack in the power supply state to determine whether the battery pack is faulty, for example, the temperature of the battery pack is greater than a predetermined value, or the voltage is greater than a predetermined value , It indicates that the battery is abnormal and is not suitable for continuing power supply, that is, the power supply condition is not met, the power supply to the tool is stopped, not only to avoid battery damage, but also to avoid affecting other batteries and even causing tool damage. It should be noted that the power supply conditions can be set by those skilled in the art according to actual conditions, and there is no specific limitation here.
  • the temperature sensor is also used to detect the second current temperature of the battery pack in the idle state
  • the voltage detection module is used to detect the second current voltage of the battery pack in the idle state.
  • the control unit 402 controls the corresponding switch device to turn on the battery pack that meets the power supply conditions to connect to the motor 100.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can detect the voltage, temperature and other parameters of the battery pack. Among them, if the temperature and voltage of the battery pack in the idle state are within the set range, it means that the battery pack in the idle state has the conditions to connect to the power supply circuit and continue to supply power, then this battery pack can be connected to the power supply circuit and other battery packs. Connect in parallel to supply power to the tool; conversely, after the idle battery pack is disconnected from the power supply circuit, it is powered by the high-voltage battery pack until the tool is switched on and off again.
  • the battery pack that is disconnected due to a fault that is, the voltage, temperature and other parameters of the battery pack in an abnormal state can also be reconnected to the power supply circuit if it also meets the power supply conditions set by those skilled in the art.
  • the controller 400 is also used for when the first battery pack 201 alone provides power to the motor 100 or the second battery pack 202 alone provides power to the motor 100, if the first battery pack 201 alone provides power to the motor 100, When the first battery pack 201 or the second battery pack 202 does not meet the power supply conditions, the direct connection of the battery pack remaining motor 100 is disconnected.
  • the battery pack on the low-voltage side is disconnected, when the number of battery packs to be supplied is less than a certain value, for example, when only one battery pack is powered by a single battery pack, once the voltage and temperature of the battery pack supplied are not Within the predetermined range, it means that the last battery pack is not suitable to continue power supply, thus stopping the power supply, avoiding damage to the battery, or even damage to the tool, and corresponding failure reminders, such as controlling the acoustic reminder and/or optical reminder
  • the device provides fault reminders to improve user experience.
  • the embodiment of the present invention continuously monitors the voltage, temperature and other parameters of the battery pack. If the voltage, temperature and other parameters of any battery pack exceed the predetermined range, if the power is supplied by a single pack at this time, the tool enters In protection mode, the power supply is stopped. If the power supply is multiple packs at this time, the over-limit battery pack is disconnected from the power supply circuit. It should be noted that the tool enters the protection mode.
  • the protection mode can be to stop the power supply, or it can include other corresponding control strategies, such as re-screening the battery packs in the idle state and connecting the battery packs in the idle state that meet the power supply conditions into the power supply loop, and Disconnect the single package of power supply to effectively ensure the safety of the battery and tools. There is no specific restriction here.
  • the controller 400 is also used to receive a power-on instruction. Please refer to FIG. 2. As shown in FIG. 2, when the trigger switch 700 is closed, after the controller 400 receives the power-on instruction, the controller 400 determines Whether the current temperature and current voltage of the first battery pack 201 and the second battery pack 202 meet the power supply conditions, if so, the first switching device 301 and the second switching device 302 are closed. If it is detected that the current temperature or current voltage of the first battery pack 201 does not meet the power supply condition, and the current temperature or current voltage of the second battery pack 201 meets the power supply condition, the controller 400 controls the first switching device 301 to be in the off state, The second switching device 301 is closed.
  • the battery packs that meet the power supply conditions are connected to the power supply circuit.
  • the battery packs are connected in parallel, if the mutual charging current is greater than the set threshold, the low-voltage battery pack is disconnected from the power supply circuit, and the battery pack is switched from high to high. The voltage battery pack continues to supply power until it is switched on and off again. If the mutual charging current is less than the set threshold, it can be allowed to charge each other.
  • the electric tool according to the embodiment of the present invention further includes: a feedback module 500 and a driving module 600.
  • the feedback module 500 is used to feed back the current working parameters of the load.
  • the controller 400 controls the driving module 600 to reduce the current operating parameters of the load, or disconnect the battery pack and the motor 100.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can read the parameters such as the voltage, current and speed of the motor that are fed back. Once the current operating parameters do not meet the disconnection control conditions, for example, a single battery power supply cannot meet the demand of the load, which means that it cannot be disconnected. For the battery pack on the low-voltage side, lower the load or stop power supply, and then disconnect the battery pack on the low-voltage side to ensure the safety and reliability of the battery and avoid safety accidents.
  • each switching device of the first switching device 301 and the second switching device 302 includes: a power-on circuit (as shown in the figure, the power-on circuit 3011, the power-on circuit 3021,... , Power-on loop 30n1) and power switching devices (shown as power switching device 3012, power switching device 3022,..., power switching device 30n2 in the figure).
  • the power-on loop and the power switch device are both arranged between the battery pack and the motor 100, and the power-on loop and the power switch device are connected in parallel.
  • connection mode and configuration mode of the battery pack and the control power switch device are only illustrative, and the present invention is not limited to this connection mode and configuration mode.
  • the switching device includes a power-on circuit and a power switching device corresponding to each battery pack.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can control the closing and turning off of the power switching device to realize multi-pack parallel connection, and control the mutual charging current at a relatively high level. Safe range.
  • the electric tool of the embodiment of the present invention may perform the following steps:
  • Step S10 Close the first switching device and the second switching device.
  • the first switching device and the second switching device are closed, and the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in parallel to provide electrical energy to the motor.
  • the method before closing the first switching device and the second switching device, the method further includes Obtain the battery parameters such as the temperature and voltage of the first battery pack and the second battery pack. If the temperature and voltage of the first battery pack and the second battery pack are within the set range, the first switch device and the second switch device are closed , The first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in parallel to provide electrical energy for the motor.
  • the first switch device If the voltage or temperature of the first battery pack is no longer within the preset range, the first switch device is in an open state, the second switch device is closed, and the second battery pack provides electric energy to the motor, and detects the real-time detection of the first battery pack’s voltage or temperature. Voltage and temperature, if the voltage and temperature of the first battery pack are within a preset range after a period of time, the first switch device is controlled to close.
  • Step S20 Detect the mutual charging current between the first battery pack and the second battery pack.
  • the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in parallel. If the voltages of the first battery pack and the second battery pack are different, the high-voltage battery pack will charge the low-voltage battery pack, that is, the first battery pack and the second battery pack There will be a mutual charging current between them, the controller detects whether there is a cross charging current, if so, the controller obtains the size of the cross charging current, and at the same time judges the cross charging current, that is, the relationship between the mutual charging current and the safety current threshold.
  • Step S30 If the mutual charging current is greater than the safe current threshold, the switch device corresponding to the battery pack with a relatively low control voltage is turned off.
  • the controller detects that the mutual charging current is greater than the safe current threshold, it means that the voltage difference between the first battery pack and the second battery pack is relatively large, and the mutual charging current is relatively large, which will cause the battery pack to be broken down. Affect the service life of the battery pack.
  • the battery pack with the lower voltage will be disconnected from the power supply circuit, and the battery pack with the higher voltage will be powered until Switch the machine back on and off; if the mutual charging current is less than or equal to the safe current threshold, no processing is done, and there are still the first battery pack and the second battery pack to provide electrical energy to the motor.
  • the controller detects the magnitude and direction of the mutual charging current between the first battery pack and the second battery pack, that is, the controller detects whether there is a negative current passing through the first switching device Flow to the first battery pack to charge the first battery pack, or the current detection unit detects whether there is a negative current flowing through the second switching device to the second battery pack to charge the second battery pack, when it is detected that it flows to the second battery pack through the first switching device
  • the mutual charging current of the first battery pack that is, the negative current flowing to the first battery pack
  • obtain the magnitude of the mutual charging current obtain the magnitude of the mutual charging current, and judge whether the mutual charging current is greater than the safe current threshold, if the mutual charging current is greater than the safe current threshold, it indicates The voltage of the first battery pack is lower than that of the second battery pack.
  • the controller controls the first switching device to turn off, and the first battery pack stops supplying power to the motor, and only the second battery pack with a relatively high voltage provides the motor Electrical energy.
  • the controller detects the mutual charging current flowing to the second battery pack through the second switching device, the controller controls the second switching device to turn off, and the second battery pack stops supplying power to the motor, only the voltage is relatively high
  • the first battery pack provides power to the motor.
  • the control unit continuously monitors the voltage, temperature and other parameters of the two battery packs, and reads the motor voltage, current and speed fed back by the feedback module.
  • the voltage, temperature and other parameters of the battery pack exceed the set threshold, that is, the power supply conditions are not met. If the power is supplied by a single battery pack at this time, the tool enters the protection mode, first shut down and then disconnect the corresponding power switch device to avoid causing components to the tool The damage of the tool can effectively ensure the safety of the tool.
  • the over-range battery pack is disconnected from the power supply circuit, and the power supply of the over-range battery pack is stopped to avoid battery damage and ensure the battery pack’s safety Safety and reliability greatly increase the service life of the battery and further ensure the reliability of the tool.
  • the first switching device and the second switching device are both closed, if the voltage or temperature of the first battery pack exceeds the set threshold, it is determined that the first battery pack does not meet the power supply condition, and the first switching device is controlled to be turned off.
  • the voltage or temperature of the second battery pack When powered by the second battery pack alone.
  • the voltage or temperature of the second battery pack also exceeds the set threshold, which indicates that the tool is malfunctioning.
  • the tool enters the protection mode and shuts down first, causing the load and other components to stop working , To avoid sudden power failure to cause damage to the components, and then disconnect the second switch device to ensure the safety and reliability of the tool.
  • the electric tool of the embodiment of the present invention further includes: a first battery accommodating portion and a second battery accommodating portion (not specifically identified in the figure).
  • the first battery accommodating part and the second battery accommodating part are used for accommodating and connecting the first battery pack and the second battery pack in a one-to-one correspondence.
  • the first switching device and the second switching device include transistors, for example, MOSFETs or power MOSFETs.
  • the battery accommodating part is specifically used to fix and set the battery pack, and is detachable, which is convenient for maintenance personnel in later maintenance operations, and can improve the repairability of tools, which is simple and easy to implement.
  • the electric tool may be a lawn mower, the lawn mower includes a body, and the first battery pack and the second battery pack are arranged side by side on the body.
  • the power tool can also be a lawn mower, a hair dryer, a chain saw, a snow blower, etc. There is no specific restriction here.
  • the battery pack on the low-voltage side is disconnected to avoid battery damage caused by the mutual charging current exceeding the safe current, reducing or even effectively avoiding safety risks.
  • the battery If the battery is abnormal, stop the abnormal battery and continue to supply power, and the battery that meets the conditions for continuing power supply can be reconnected to the power supply circuit, which not only ensures that multiple packs are connected in parallel to improve the battery life, power and battery life, but also ensures the safety and safety of the battery pack. Reliability, effectively reducing the safety risk of high-current mutual charging of the battery pack, greatly improving the service life of the battery, and effectively ensuring the service life of the power tool, improving the applicability and use experience of the tool.
  • first and second are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, “plurality” means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种电动工具,包括:电机;用于为电机提供电能的第一电池包和第二电池包;第一开关装置和第二开关装置,第一开关装置和第二开关装置一一对应串联于第一电池包和第二电池包与电机之间,以导通或切断第一电池包和第二电池包与电机的连接;控制器,用于监测第一电池包和第二电池包间的互充电流,并在互充电流大于安全电流阈值时,控制对应开关装置切断电压相对较低的电池包与电机的连接。该电动工具可以在互充电流大于安全电流时,断开低压侧的电池包,避免互充电流超过安全电流而造成电池损伤,有效避免安全性风险,保证电池包的安全性和可靠性,有效保证电动工具的使用寿命。

Description

电动工具
本申请要求了申请日为2019年10月28日,申请号为201911030910.3的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及电池供电技术领域,特别涉及一种电动工具。
背景技术
目前,对于高功率的电动工具,多个电池包并联是其中一种供电方式,多个电池包并联,虽说多包并联会使电池的续航能力、动力和电池使用寿命大大提高,但每个电池包之间的电压不可能完全相同,因此多个电池包之间会形成电势差,因此会形成电流,该电流由高电势的电池包流向低电势的电池包,给低电势的电池包充电,形成互充电流。
相关技术中,如果检测电池包温度在0℃~45℃之间,则任由电池包互充。一旦互充电流不受控制,尤其是工具的多个电池包压差大于一定值时,互充电流可能超过电池的安全电流,电池存在一定安全性风险,易导致电池受到损伤,降低电池的使用寿命,亟待解决。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少在一定程度上解决相关技术中的技术问题之一。
为此,本发明的目的在于提出一种电动工具,该电动工具可以在互充电流 大于安全电流时,断开低压侧的电池包,避免互充电流超过安全电流而造成电池损伤。
为达到上述目的,本发明实施例提出了一种电动工具,包括:电机;用于为所述电机提供电能的第一电池包和第二电池包;第一开关装置和第二开关装置,所述第一开关装置串联于所述第一电池包与所述电机之间,以导通或切断所述第一电池包与所述电机之间的连接,所述第二开关装置串联于所述第二电池包与所述电机之间,以导通或切断所述第二电池包与所述电机之间的连接;以及控制器,用于监测所述第一电池包和第二电池包间的互充电流,并在所述互充电流大于安全电流阈值时,控制对应开关装置切断电压相对较低的电池包与所述电机的连接。
本发明实施例的电动工具,第一电池包和第二电池包并联给电机提供电能,在第一电池包和第二电池包之间的充电电流大于安全电流时,断开低压侧的电池包,避免互充电流超过安全电流而造成电池损伤,降低甚至有效避免安全性风险,不但保证多包并联提高电池的续航、动力和电池使用寿命,而且保证电池包的安全性和可靠性,大大提高电池的使用寿命,以及有效保证电动工具的使用寿命,提高工具的适用性和使用体验。
另外,根据本发明上述实施例的电动工具还可以具有以下附加的技术特征:
进一步地,在本发明的一个实施例中,所述控制单元还包括电流检测单元,用于检测所述第一电池包和第二电池包之间的互充电流的大小和方向,所述电压相对较低的电池包为互充电流流向的电池包。
进一步地,在本发明的一个实施例中,所述控制单元还包括电压检测模块,用于检测第一电池包和第二电池包的电压,并在所述互充电流大于安全电流阈 值时,控制对应开关装置切断电压相对较低的电池包与所述电机的连接。
进一步地,在本发明的一个实施例中,所述控制器包括:电压检测单元,用于检测所述第一电池包和第二电池包中处于供电状态的电池包的第一当前电压;温度检测模块,用于检测所述第一电池包和第二电池包中处于供电状态的电池包第一当前温度;控制单元,在所述第一当前温度或所述第一当前电压不满足供电条件时,用于控制对应的开关装置切断不满足所述供电条件的电池包与所述电机的连接。
进一步地,在本发明的一个实施例中,所述温度检测单元和电压检测单元还用于检测所述第一电池包和第二电池包中处于闲置状态的电池包的第二当前温度和第二当前电压,并在所述第二当前温度和所述第二当前电压均满足所述供电条件时,所述控制单元控制对应开关装置导通满足所述供电条件的电池包与所述电机的连接,所述第一电池包和第二电池包并联为所述电机提供电能。
进一步地,在本发明的一个实施例中,所述控制器还用于接收电动工具的开机指令,并在所述第一电池包和第二电池包的当前温度和当前电压满足所述供电条件时,闭合所述第一开关装置和第二开关装置。
进一步地,在本发明的一个实施例中,所述第一开关装置和第二开关装置分别包括:上电回路和功率开关器件,所述上电回路和所述功率开关器件均设置于电池包与所述电机之间,且所述上电回路和所述功率开关器件并联连接。
另外,在本发明的一个实施例中,还包括:第一电池容纳部和第二电池容纳部,所述第一电池容纳部和第二电池容纳用于一一对应容纳并连接所述第一电池包和第二电池包。
可选地,在本发明的一个实施例中,所述电动工具可以为割草机,所述割 草机包括本体,所述第一电池包和第二电池包并排设置在所述本体上。
本发明附加的方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出,部分将从下面的描述中变得明显,或通过本发明的实践了解到。
附图说明
本发明上述的和/或附加的方面和优点从下面结合附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解,其中:
图1为根据本发明一个实施例的电动工具的结构示意图。
图2为本发明一个实施例的电动工具的结构框图。
图3为本发明一个实施例的电动工具的控制方法流程图。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例,所述实施例的示例在附图中示出,其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的,旨在用于解释本发明,而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
下面参照附图描述根据本发明实施例提出的电动工具。
图1是本发明一个实施例的电动工具的结构示意图。
如图1所示,本发明实施例的电动工具包括:电机100、n个电池包(如图中电池包201、电池包202、...、电池包20n所示)、与n个电池包串联的开关装置(如图中开关装置301、开关装置302、...、开关装置30n所示)和控制器400。其中,n个电池包并联用于为电机100提供电能。n个开关装置一一对应串联于n个电池包与电机100之间,以导通或切断n个电池包与电机100的连接,其中,n为大于1的正整数。
本发明多个电池包之间并联,多个电池包之间会形成闭合的回路,当多个电池包的电压不同时,多个电池包之间形成的回路中会有交叉充电的风险,即高电压的电池包会向低电压的电池包进行充电,控制器400用于监测并联的多个电池包中任意两个电池包间的交叉充电电流,也就是互充电流,并在互充电流大于安全电流阈值时,控制对应开关装置切断任意两个电池包中电压相对较低的电池包与电机100的连接。本发明实施例的电动工具可以在互充电流大于安全电流时,断开低压侧的电池包,避免互充电流超过安全电流而造成电池损伤,有效避免安全性风险,保证电池包的安全性和可靠性,有效保证电动工具的使用寿命。
具体地,以两个电池包为例进行说明,请参考图2所示为本发明双包控制电路示意图,在本发明的实施例中,两个电池包为第一电池包201和第二电池包202,第一电池包201和第二电池包202组成并联电路用于为电机100提供电能,控制器400设置于并联电路与电机100之间,用于控制电机的转动与停止。第一开关装置301串联的连接于第一电池包201和控制器400之间,用于导通过切断第一电池包201与电机100之间的连接,第二开关装置302串联的连接于第二电池包202与控制器400之间,用于导通或切断第二电池包202与电机100之间的连接。控制器400用于监测第一电池包201、第一开关装置301、第二电池包202和第二开关装置302组成的回路中互充电流的大小,当互充电流大于安全电流阈值时,控制器400控制电压相对较低的电池包对应的开关装置断开,使得电压较高的电池包单独给电机100提供电能。本发明在互充电流大于安全电流阈值时,断开低压侧的电池包,避免互充电流超过安全电流而造成电池损伤,有效避免安全性风险,保证电池包的安全性和可靠性,有效保证电动工具的使用寿命。
本发明中,两个电池包并联,属于一种短路,容易会出现交叉充电的情况。假如两个电池包的内阻都近于零的话,交叉电流将无限大,导致将电池烧坏。实际的电池包内阻当然都不是零,但交叉充电电流也将是很大的。其中,电流的方向是从较高电压的电源出来(放电的方向),倒灌进入较低电压的电源(充电的方向)。因此,本发明实施例进一步检测电池包的电压,检测方式也可以有很多种,例如通过电压检测模块进行检测,也可以通过电流检测单元4011进行检测,下面分别对电压检测模块和电流检测单元4011的方案进行详细的说明。
在本发明的其中一实施例中,控制器400包括电流检测单元4011,用于检测第一电池包201和第二电池包202间的互充电流的大小和方向,即电流检测单元4011检测是否有负电流经过第一开关装置301流到第一电池包201给第一电池包201充电,或者电流检测单元4011检测是否有负电流经过第二开关装置302流到第二电池包202给第二电池包202充电,当电流检测单元4011检测到经过第一开关装置301流到第一电池包201的互充电流,也就是流到第一电池包201的负电流时,获取互充电流的大小,并判断互充电流是否大于安全电流阈值,若互充电流大于安全电流阈值,说明第一电池包201的电压相对于第二电池包202的电压较低,控制器400控制第一开关装置301断开,第一电池包201停止对电机100供电,仅由电压相对较高的第二电池包202给电机100提供电能。同理,当电流检测单元4011检测到经过第二开关装置302流到第二电池包202的互充电流,也就是流到第二电池包202的负电流时,获取互充电流的大小,当互充电流大于安全电流阈值时,此时,说明第二电池包202的电压相对于第一电池包201的电压较低,控制器400控制第二开关装置302断开,第二电池包202停止对电机100供电,仅由电压相对较高的第一电 池包201给电机100提供电能。
在本发明的另一实施例中,控制器400包括电压检测模块和电流检测单元4011,电压检测单元4011用于检测第一电池包201和第二电池包202的电压,电流检测单元4011用于检测第一电池包201和第二电池包202组成的并联回路中互充电流的大小,当互充电流大于安全电流阈值时,若此时,第一电池包201的电压大于第二电池包202的电压,则控制器400控制第二开关装置302断开,第二电池包202停止给电机100提供电能,仅由第一电池包201给电机100提供电能。
虽然上述实施例以第一电池包201和第二电池包202为例,但是本领域技术人员应当理解的是,对于图1中的任何电动工具都可以通过类似的方式进行配置,需要说明的是,在该图1中多个电池包之间的连接方式仅是示意性的,本发明并不仅限于这一种连接方式。
本发明需要说明的是,虽然多包并联会提高电池的续航能力、动力和电池使用寿命,但是,一旦互充电流不受控制,易导致电池受到损伤,降低电池的使用寿命,因此,本发明实施例首先实时检测并联的两个电池包之间的互充电流,并对互充电流进行判断,判断是否大于安全电流阈值,根据判断结果来控制是单个电池包给电机提供电能还是两个电池包并联给电机提供电能。
其中,安全电流阈值可以由本领域技术人员根据实际情况进行设置,优选的,安全阈值不能高于电池包厂商设置的电池包的最大充电电流,需要说明的是,安全电流阈值越大,则意味着互充电流的上限越大,电池包温度上升的越快,对电池的安全性的要求越高。
也就是说,本发明实施例为解决如何控制互充电流,避免超过安全电流,断开低压侧的电池包,停止低压侧的电池包对工具供电,从而在多包并联使用 工具时,可有效降低电池包大电流互充的安全性风险,保证电池包的安全性和可靠性,大大提高电池的使用寿命。
在本发明的另一实施例中,请参考图1所示,控制器400包括:检测单元401和控制单元402。检测单元401具体可包括温度传感器和电压检测模块。其中温度传感器用于检测第一电池包201和第二电池包202中处于供电状态的电池包的第一当前温度,电压检测模块用于检测第一电池包201和第二电池包202中处于供电状态的电池包的第一当前电压。控制单元402在第一当前温度或第一当前电压不满足供电条件时,用于控制对应开关装置切断不满足供电条件的电池包与电机的连接。
可以理解的是,本发明实施例对处于供电状态的电池包的温度、电压等状态参数进行检测,以判断电池包是否出现故障,例如电池包的温度大于一预定值,或者电压大于一预定值,则表明电池出现异常,不适于继续供电,即不满足供电条件,则停止对工具供电,不但避免电池损坏,而且避免对其它电池造成影响,甚至造成工具损坏。需要说明的是,供电条件可以由本领域技术人员根据实际情况进行设置,在此不做具体限制。
另外,在本发明的一个实施例中,温度传感器还用于检测处于闲置状态的电池包的第二当前温度,电压检测模块用于检测处于闲置状态的电池包的第二当前电压。并在第二当前温度和第二当前电压均满足供电条件时,控制单元402控制对应开关装置导通满足供电条件的电池包与电机100的连接。
即言,在本发明的实施例中,对于之前由于电压低而断开的电池包,即闲置状态的电池包,本发明实施例可以检测电池包的电压、温度等参数。其中,如果闲置状态的电池包的温度、电压处于设定范围内,则意味着闲置状态的电池包拥有接入供电回路继续供电的条件,那么可以将此电池包接入供电回路与 其他电池包并联,为工具供电;反之,在闲置状态的电池包与供电回路断开后,由高电压电池包供电,直至工具重新开关机。
另外,由于故障而断开的电池包,即异常状态的电池包的电压、温度等参数,如果也满足本领域技术人员设定的供电条件,则也可以重新接入供电回路。
进一步地,在本发明的一个实施例中,控制器400还用于在第一电池包201单独给电机100提供电能或第二电池包202单独给电机100提供电能时,若单独提供电能的第一电池包201或第二电池包202不满足供电条件时,断开电池包余电机100直接的连接。
具体而言,随着断开低压侧的电池包,在供电的电池包个数小于一定值时,例如只有一个电池包在单电池包供电时,一旦供电的电池包的电压、温度等参数不处于预定范围内,则意味着最后一个电池包也不适宜继续供电,从而停止供电,避免对电池造成损坏,甚至造成工具损坏,而且可以进行相应故障提醒,如控制声学提醒装置和/或光学提醒装置进行故障提醒,提高用户使用体验。
可以理解的是,在运行过程中,本发明实施例持续监测电池包的电压、温度等参数,若任意一个电池包的电压、温度等参数超出预定范围,如果此时是单包供电,工具进入保护模式,停止供电,如果此时是多包供电,超限电池包从供电回路断开。需要说明的是,工具进入保护模式,保护模式可以为停止供电,也可以包括其他对应控制策略,如重新筛选闲置状态的电池包并将符合供电条件的闲置状态的电池包接入供电回路,并断开供电的单包,以有效保证电池和工具的安全性,在此不做具体限制。
进一步地,在本发明的一个实施例中,控制器400还用于接收开机指令,请参考图2所示,当扳机开关700闭合时,控制器400接收到开机指令后,控制器400判断第一电池包201和第二电池包202的当前温度和当前电压是否满 足供电条件,若满足,则闭合第一开关装置301和第二开关装置302。若检测到第一电池包201的当前温度或者当前电压不满足供电条件,而第二电池包201的当前温度或者当前电压满足供电条件,则控制器400控制第一开关装置301处于断开状态,第二开关装置301闭合。
也就是说,当工具开机时,将满足供电条件的电池包均接入供电回路,当电池包并联时,如果互充电流大于设定阈值,则此低压电池包从供电回路断开,由高电压电池包继续供电,直至重新开关机,如果互充电流小于设定阈值,则可以任由其互充。
进一步地,在本发明的一个实施例中,本发明实施例的电动工具还包括:反馈模块500和驱动模块600。其中,反馈模块500用于反馈负载的当前工作参数。在当前工作参数不满足断开控制条件时,控制器400控制驱动模块600降低负载的当前工作参数,或断开电池包与电机100之间的连接。
可以理解的是,本发明实施例可以读取反馈的电机的电压、电流和转速等参数,一旦当前工作参数不满足断开控制条件,如单个电池供电无法满足负载的需求,意味着无法断开低压侧的电池包,那么对负载进行降低操作或停止供电,进而断开低压侧的电池包,以保证电池的安全性和可靠性,避免出现安全事故。
进一步地,在本发明的一个实施例中,第一开关装置301和第二开关装置302的每个开关装置包括:上电回路(如图中上电回路3011、上电回路3021、...、上电回路30n1所示)和功率开关器件(如图中功率开关器件3012、功率开关器件3022、...、功率开关器件30n2所示)。其中,上电回路和功率开关器件均设置于电池包与电机100之间,且上电回路和功率开关器件并联。
本发明实施例的以下部分将对如何对电池供电的控制进行详细介绍。虽然 以下实施例以控制功率开关器件的闭合与关断来实现多包并联为例,但是本领域技术人员应当理解的是,对于图1中的任何电池都可以通过以下类似的方式进行设置,即电池包和控制功率开关器件的连接方式和配置方式仅是示意性的,本发明并不仅限于这一种连接方式和配置方式。
如图1所示,开关装置包括每个电池包对应的上电回路和功率开关器件,本发明实施例可以制功率开关器件的闭合与关断来实现多包并联,将互充电流控制在较为安全的范围。
具体地,请参考图3所示,在本发明的实施例中,本发明实施例的电动工具可以执行以下步骤:
步骤S10:闭合第一开关装置和第二开关装置。闭合第一开关装置和第二开关装置,第一电池包和第二电池包并联给电机提供电能,在本发明的其中一实施例中,在闭合第一开关装置和第二开关装置之前还包括获取第一电池包和第二电池包的温度,电压等电池参数,若第一电池包和第二电池包的温度和电压均处于设定范围内,则闭合第一开关装置和第二开关装置,第一电池包和第二电池包并联为电机提供电能。若其中第一电池包的电压或者温度不再预设范围内,则第一开关装置处于断开状态,第二开关装置闭合,第二电池包给电机提供电能,并实时检测第一电池包的电压和温度,若一段时间后第一电池包的电压和温度处于预设的范围内,则控制第一开关装置闭合。
步骤S20:检测第一电池包和第二电池包之间的互充电流。第一电池包和第二电池包并联,若第一电池包和第二电池包的电压不同,高电压的电池包会向低电压的电池包进行充电,即第一电池包和第二电池包之间会存在互充电流,控制器检测是否有交叉充电电流,若有,控制器获取交叉充电电流的大小,同时判断该交叉充电电流即互充电流与安全电流阈值的大小关系。
步骤S30:若互充电流大于安全电流阈值,则控制电压相对较低的电池包对应的开关装置断开。本发明中,若控制器检测到互充电流大于安全电流阈值,则说明第一电池包和第二电池包之间的电压差较大,互充电流较大,会导致电池包被击穿,影响电池包的使用寿命。因此,如果并联的两个电池包中,电压较低的电池包的互充电流大于安全电流阈值,则将电压较低的电池包从供电回路断开,由电压较高的电池包供电,直至重新开关机;如果互充电流小于或等于安全电流阈值,则不做处理,仍有第一电池包和第二电池包给电机提供电能。
例如,当第一开关装置和第二开关装置均闭合时,控制器检测第一电池包和第二电池包间的互充电流的大小和方向,即控制器检测是否有负电流经过第一开关装置流到第一电池包给第一电池包充电,或者电流检测单元检测是否有负电流经过第二开关装置流到第二电池包给第二电池包充电,当检测到经过第一开关装置流到第一电池包的互充电流,也就是流到第一电池包的负电流时,获取互充电流的大小,并判断互充电流是否大于安全电流阈值,若互充电流大于安全电流阈值,说明第一电池包的电压相对于第二电池包的电压较低,控制器控制第一开关装置断开,第一电池包停止对电机供电,仅由电压相对较高的第二电池包给电机提供电能。同理,当控制器检测到经过第二开关装置流到第二电池包的互充电流时,控制器控制第二开关装置断开,第二电池包停止对电机供电,仅由电压相对较高的第一电池包给电机提供电能。
本发明第一电池包和第二电池包在并联放电的过程中,控制单元持续监测两个电池包的电压、温度等参数,并读取反馈模块反馈的电机电压、电流和转速,若任意一个电池包的电压、温度等参数超出设定阈值,即不满足供电条件,如果此时是单个电池包供电,工具进入保护模式,先关机再断开对应的功率开关器件,避免对工具造成元器件的损坏,有效保证工具的安全性,如果此时是 双包或多个电池包供电,超限电池包从供电回路断开,停止超限的电池包供电,避免造成电池损伤,保证电池包的安全性和可靠性,大大提高电池的使用寿命,进一步保证工具的可靠性。
例如,当第一开关装置和第二开关装置均闭合时,若第一电池包的电压或者温度超出设定阈值,判定第一电池包不满足供电条件,则控制第一开关装置断开,此时由第二电池包单独供电。然而,在第二电池包单独供电的情况下,第二电池包的电压或者温度也超出设定阈值,这说明工具出现故障,此时工具进入保护模式,先关机,使得负载等元器件停止工作,避免突然的断电给元器件造成损伤,再断开第二开关装置,保证工具的安全性和可靠性。
另外,在本发明的一个实施例中,本发明实施例的电动工具还包括:第一电池容纳部和第二电池容纳部(图中未具体标识)。其中,第一电池容纳部和第二电池容纳用于一一对应容纳并连接第一电池包和第二电池包。
本发明上述各实施例中,第一开关装置和第二开关装置包括晶体管,例如,MOSFET或功率MOSFET。
可以理解的是,电池容纳部具体用于固定设置电池包,且可拆卸设置,便于维护人员后期的维修操作,且可以提高工具的可修复性,简单易实现。
可选地,在本发明的一个实施例中,电动工具可以为割草机,割草机包括本体,第一电池包第二电池包并排设置在本体上。需要说明的是,电动工具还可以为打草机,吹风机,链锯,扫雪机等,在此不做具体限制。
根据本发明实施例提出的电动工具,在互充电流大于安全电流时,断开低压侧的电池包,避免互充电流超过安全电流而造成电池损伤,降低甚至有效避免安全性风险,而且一旦出现电池异常情况,停止异常的电池继续供电,以及可以将满足继续供电条件的电池重新接入供电回路,不但保证多包并联提高电 池的续航、动力和电池使用寿命,而且保证电池包的安全性和可靠性,有效降低电池包大电流互充的安全性风险,大大提高电池的使用寿命,以及有效保证电动工具的使用寿命,提高工具的适用性和使用体验。
此外,术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此,限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本发明的描述中,“多个”的含义是至少两个,例如两个,三个等,除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本说明书的描述中,参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中,对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且,描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外,在不相互矛盾的情况下,本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,可以理解的是,上述实施例是示例性的,不能理解为对本发明的限制,本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种电动工具,其特征在于,包括:
    电机;
    并联连接的用于为所述电机提供电能的第一电池包和第二电池包;
    第一开关装置和第二开关装置,所述第一开关装置串联于所述第一电池包与所述电机之间,以导通或切断所述第一电池包与所述电机之间的连接,所述第二开关装置串联于所述第二电池包与所述电机之间,以导通或切断所述第二电池包与所述电机之间的连接;以及控制器,用于监测所述第一电池包和第二电池包间的互充电流,并在所述互充电流大于安全电流阈值时,控制对应开关装置切断电压相对较低的电池包与所述电机的连接;
    其中,所述控制器包括:
    电压检测单元,用于检测所述第一电池包和第二电池包中处于供电状态的电池包的第一当前电压;
    温度检测模块,用于检测所述第一电池包和第二电池包中处于供电状态的电池包第一当前温度;
    控制单元,在所述第一当前温度或所述第一当前电压不满足供电条件时,用于控制对应的开关装置切断不满足所述供电条件的电池包与所述电机的连接;
    所述温度检测单元和电压检测单元还用于检测所述第一电池包和第二电池包中处于闲置状态的电池包的第二当前温度和第二当前电压,并在所述第二当前温度和所述第二当前电压均满足所述供电条件时,所述控制单元控制对应开关装置导通满足所述供电条件的电池包与所述电机的连接,所述第一电池包 和第二电池包并联为所述电机提供电能;
    所述控制器还用于接收电动工具的开机指令,并在所述第一电池包和第二电池包的当前温度和当前电压满足所述供电条件时,闭合所述第一开关装置和第二开关装置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电动工具,其特征在于,所述控制器还包括电流检测单元,用于检测所述第一电池包和第二电池包之间的互充电流的大小和方向,所述电压相对较低的电池包为互充电流流向的电池包。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电动工具,其特征在于,所述控制器还包括电压检测模块,用于检测第一电池包和第二电池包的电压,并在所述互充电流大于安全电流阈值时,控制对应开关装置切断电压相对较低的电池包与所述电机的连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电动工具,其特征在于,所述第一开关装置和第二开关装置分别包括:上电回路和功率开关器件,所述上电回路和所述功率开关器件均设置于电池包与所述电机之间,且所述上电回路和所述功率开关器件并联连接。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的电动工具,其特征在于,还包括:
    第一电池容纳部和第二电池容纳部,所述第一电池容纳部和第二电池容纳用于一一对应容纳并连接所述第一电池包和第二电池包。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的电动工具,其特征在于,所述电动工具为割草机,所述割草机包括本体,所述第一电池包和第二电池包并排设置在所述本体上。
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