WO2021082136A1 - 环保型涂装流水线的废水处理系统 - Google Patents

环保型涂装流水线的废水处理系统 Download PDF

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WO2021082136A1
WO2021082136A1 PCT/CN2019/120787 CN2019120787W WO2021082136A1 WO 2021082136 A1 WO2021082136 A1 WO 2021082136A1 CN 2019120787 W CN2019120787 W CN 2019120787W WO 2021082136 A1 WO2021082136 A1 WO 2021082136A1
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tank
wastewater
reaction
water
sedimentation tank
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PCT/CN2019/120787
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English (en)
French (fr)
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唐定政
周长广
徐顺清
郑权
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苏州柳溪机电工程有限公司
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Publication of WO2021082136A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021082136A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/001Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/24Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flotation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C02F1/441Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C02F1/444Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/5236Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
    • C02F1/5245Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents using basic salts, e.g. of aluminium and iron
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/54Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
    • C02F1/56Macromolecular compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/66Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/16Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from metallurgical processes, i.e. from the production, refining or treatment of metals, e.g. galvanic wastes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/30Aerobic and anaerobic processes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of industrial wastewater treatment, and particularly relates to a treatment system for wastewater generated in the production process of automobile coating.
  • a large amount of industrial waste water will be generated during automobile coating production. If it is not treated, it will be discharged directly to the outside, which will cause environmental pollution.
  • a variety of industrial waste water is usually generated on the automobile coating line. The entire assembly line involves multiple processes of automobile coating, and each process will also generate industrial waste water. For example, the automobile coating line usually involves degreasing during the coating operation of automobile parts.
  • the waste residue can be treated; however, in the prior art, the various industrial wastewaters generated above are usually treated in a centralized manner, resulting in some industrial wastewaters reaching the discharge standard after a variety of treatment processes, the treatment efficiency is not high, and water resources are wasted .
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a wastewater treatment system of a coating assembly line that can treat various industrial wastewaters separately, has higher treatment efficiency and saves water resources.
  • a waste water treatment system for an environmentally-friendly coating assembly line including:
  • Electrophoresis and degreasing wastewater treatment equipment including pretreatment reaction air flotation tank, primary reaction sedimentation tank, reaction air flotation tank, first pH adjustment tank, hydrolysis acidification tank, sedimentation tank, contact oxidation tank, secondary reaction sedimentation tank, second PH Regulating tank, sand filter, activated carbon filter, sludge tank and filter press, the pretreatment reaction air flotation tank, primary reaction sedimentation tank, reaction air flotation tank, first PH adjustment tank, hydrolysis acidification tank, sedimentation tank , The contact oxidation tank, the secondary reaction sedimentation tank, the second PH adjustment tank, the sand filter, and the activated carbon filter are connected in sequence.
  • the pretreatment reaction air flotation tank, the primary reaction sedimentation tank, the reaction air flotation tank, the sedimentation tank, The secondary reaction sedimentation tanks are all provided with sediment discharge ports, all of the sediment discharge ports are connected to the sludge tank, and the sludge tank is connected to the filter press; electrophoresis wastewater and/or The degreasing wastewater passes through the pretreatment reaction air flotation tank, the primary reaction sedimentation tank, the reaction air flotation tank, the first pH adjustment tank, the hydrolysis acidification tank, the sedimentation tank, the contact oxidation tank, the secondary reaction sedimentation tank, and the second pH adjustment in sequence. After the pool, sand filter, and activated carbon filter, purified water is formed.
  • Phosphating wastewater treatment equipment including phosphating wastewater reaction sedimentation tank, UF membrane module, ultrafiltration production water tank, RO membrane module, water recycling tank, membrane recovery concentrated water tank, negative pressure evaporation mechanism
  • the UF membrane module has a first Inlet, UF concentrated water outlet and UF purified water outlet
  • the RO membrane module has a second inlet, RO concentrated water outlet and RO purified water outlet
  • the phosphating wastewater reaction sedimentation tank the first inlet, UF purified water
  • the outlet, the ultrafiltration production water tank, the second inlet, the RO purified water outlet, and the reuse water tank are connected in sequence, and the phosphating wastewater passes through the phosphating wastewater reaction sedimentation tank, the first inlet, the UF purified water outlet, and the ultrafiltration production in turn.
  • the water tank, the second inlet, and the RO purified water outlet form phosphorus-containing reuse water and are collected by the reuse tank; the phosphating wastewater reaction sedimentation tank, the first inlet, and the UF concentrated water outlet are sequentially connected and form a cycle.
  • the phosphating wastewater reaction sedimentation tank, the first inlet, the UF purified water outlet, the ultrafiltration product water tank, the second inlet, the RO concentrated water outlet, and the membrane recovery concentrated water tank are sequentially connected, and the membrane recovery concentrated water tank is connected to the
  • the negative pressure evaporation mechanism is connected, and the phosphating wastewater sequentially passes through the phosphating wastewater reaction sedimentation tank, the first inlet, the UF purified water outlet, the ultrafiltration water tank, the second inlet, and the RO concentrated water outlet to form RO concentrated water.
  • the RO concentrated water is collected by the membrane recovery concentrated water tank, and finally evaporated into solid waste by the negative pressure evaporation mechanism.
  • the electrophoresis and degreasing wastewater treatment device includes a UF backwash pump that communicates with the first inlet and the ultrafiltration product water tank.
  • the wastewater treatment system of the painting assembly line includes a degreasing wastewater collection tank, a phosphating wastewater collection tank, a comprehensive wastewater collection tank for storing a mixture of degreasing wastewater and electrophoresis wastewater, and an electrophoresis wastewater collection tank,
  • the degreasing wastewater collection tank, the comprehensive wastewater collection tank, and the electrophoresis wastewater collection tank are respectively connected to the pretreatment reaction air flotation tank, and the phosphating wastewater collection tank is connected to the phosphating wastewater reaction sedimentation tank.
  • the wastewater treatment system of the coating line includes a passivation wastewater collection tank, and the passivation wastewater collection tank is in communication with the membrane recovery concentrated water tank.
  • the pretreatment reaction air flotation tank, the primary reaction sedimentation tank, the reaction air flotation tank, the first pH adjustment tank, the second reaction sedimentation tank, and the second PH adjustment tank are all equipped with agitators.
  • the present invention obtains the following beneficial effects:
  • electrophoresis, degreasing wastewater treatment equipment and phosphating wastewater treatment equipment are set up, so that more degreasing wastewater, electrophoresis wastewater and phosphating wastewater are produced in the painting assembly line.
  • the treatment efficiency is higher, and the phosphate wastewater can be treated to form phosphorus-containing reuse water, thereby saving water resources.
  • the degreasing wastewater and/or electrophoresis wastewater can meet the following discharge standards: PH 6-9, anion Surfactant is 5mg/l, suspended matter is 70mg/l, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) is 20mg/l, chemical oxygen demand (COD) is 100mg/l, ammonia nitrogen is 15mg/l, total phosphorus is 0.5mg /l, fluoride ion is 10mg/l, total nickel is 0.05mg/l, total manganese is 0.01mg/l, total zinc is 0.005mg/l, total copper is 0.5mg/l, so as to avoid environmental pollution.
  • anion Surfactant is 5mg/l
  • suspended matter is 70mg/l
  • biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) is 20mg/l
  • chemical oxygen demand (COD) is 100mg/l
  • ammonia nitrogen is 15mg/l
  • total phosphorus is 0.5mg /l
  • fluoride ion is
  • Figure 1 is the wastewater treatment system of the coating line of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a process flow chart of wastewater treatment of the coating line of the present invention.
  • UF Concentrated water outlet 153, UF purified water outlet; 16, ultrafiltration production water tank; 17, RO membrane module; 171, second inlet; 172, RO concentrated water outlet; 173, RO purified water outlet; 18. Reclaimed water tank; 19. Membrane recovery concentrated water tank; 20. Negative pressure evaporation mechanism.
  • the wastewater treatment system of the painting line in this case is mainly used to separately treat various industrial wastewater generated by the automobile painting line, including electrophoresis, degreasing wastewater treatment equipment, phosphating wastewater treatment equipment and 5 wastewater collection tanks.
  • the five wastewater collection tanks are respectively degreasing wastewater collection tank 100, phosphating wastewater collection tank 200, integrated wastewater collection tank 300, electrophoresis wastewater collection tank 400, and passivation wastewater collection tank 500.
  • the degreasing waste water collection tank 100 is used to store the degreasing waste water generated in the painting line
  • the phosphating waste water collection tank 200 is used to store the phosphating waste water generated in the painting line
  • the integrated waste water collection tank 300 is used to store the degreasing waste water generated in the painting line.
  • a mixture of degreasing wastewater and electrophoresis wastewater, the electrophoresis wastewater collection tank 400 is used to store electrophoresis wastewater generated in the painting line
  • the passivation wastewater collection tank 500 is used to store passivation wastewater generated in the painting line.
  • wastewater quality and drainage volume are:
  • the emission requirements are:
  • the main water quality indicators of reused water are as follows:
  • the design plan is as follows:
  • the electrophoresis and degreasing wastewater treatment device includes a pretreatment reaction air flotation tank 1, a primary reaction sedimentation tank 2, a reaction air flotation tank 3, a first pH adjustment tank 4, a hydrolysis acidification tank 5, a sedimentation tank 6, Contact oxidation tank 7, secondary reaction sedimentation tank 8, second PH adjustment tank 9, sand filter 10, activated carbon filter 11, sludge tank 12, filter press 13.
  • the degreasing wastewater collection tank 100 is connected to the pretreatment reaction air flotation tank 1 through the degreasing wastewater pipeline
  • the electrophoresis wastewater collection tank 400 is connected to the pretreatment reaction air flotation tank 1 through the electrophoresis wastewater pipeline
  • the integrated wastewater collection tank 300 is connected to the pretreatment through the integrated wastewater pipeline.
  • the reaction air flotation tank 1 is connected. Among them, the pretreatment reaction air flotation tank 1, the primary reaction sedimentation tank 2, the reaction air flotation tank 3, the first PH adjustment tank 4, the hydrolysis acidification tank 5, the sedimentation tank 6, the contact oxidation tank 7, the secondary reaction sedimentation tank 8, the second The two PH adjustment tanks 9, the sand filter 10, and the activated carbon filter 11 are connected in turn through a comprehensive wastewater pipeline.
  • Electrophoresis wastewater or degreasing wastewater or comprehensive wastewater is pretreated by reaction air flotation tank 1, primary reaction sedimentation tank 2, reaction air flotation tank 3, first PH adjustment tank 4, hydrolysis acidification tank 5, sedimentation tank 6, contact oxidation tank 7,
  • the secondary reaction sedimentation tank 8, the second PH adjustment tank 9, the sand filter 10, and the activated carbon filter 11 form purified water, which meets the discharge standard and can be discharged into the external water body.
  • the pretreatment reaction air flotation tank 1, the primary reaction sedimentation tank 2, the reaction air flotation tank 3, the sedimentation tank 6, and the secondary reaction sedimentation tank 8 will produce sediments respectively when the degreasing wastewater and/or electrophoresis wastewater are treated, and the pretreatment
  • the reaction air flotation tank 1, the primary reaction sedimentation tank 2, the reaction air flotation tank 3, the sedimentation tank 6, and the secondary reaction sedimentation tank 8 are all equipped with sediment discharge ports, and these sediment discharge ports are all connected to the sludge tank 12 through a sludge pipeline ,
  • the sludge tank 12 communicates with the filter press 13 through a sludge pipeline.
  • the pretreatment reaction air flotation tank 1, the primary reaction sedimentation tank 2, the reaction air flotation tank 3, the first PH adjustment tank 4, the secondary reaction sedimentation tank 8, the second PH adjustment tank 9 are all equipped with agitators to avoid sediment in the wastewater Block each corresponding sludge pipeline.
  • electrophoresis wastewater or degreasing wastewater or comprehensive wastewater is pretreated by the reaction air flotation tank 1, the primary reaction sedimentation tank 2, the reaction air flotation tank 3, the sedimentation tank 6, and the secondary reaction sedimentation tank 8, sediments are generated respectively, and these sediments are all sludge
  • the tank 12 collects, and is finally pressed and filtered by the filter press 13 into solid waste.
  • the phosphating wastewater treatment device includes a phosphating wastewater reaction sedimentation tank 14, a UF membrane module 15, an ultrafiltration production water tank 16, an RO membrane module 17, a water recycling tank 18, a membrane recovery concentrated water tank 19, and a negative pressure evaporation mechanism 20.
  • the phosphate wastewater collection tank 200 is connected to the phosphate wastewater reaction sedimentation tank 14 through the phosphate wastewater pipeline.
  • the UF membrane module 15 has a first inlet 151, a UF concentrated water outlet 152, and a UF purified water outlet 153;
  • the RO membrane module 17 has a second inlet 171, an RO concentrated water outlet 172, and an RO purified water outlet 173.
  • Phosphating wastewater reaction sedimentation tank 14 first inlet 151, UF purified water outlet 153, ultrafiltration production water tank 16, second inlet 171, RO purified water outlet 173, and reuse water tank 18 are connected in sequence through the phosphating wastewater pipeline.
  • the chemical wastewater passes through the phosphate wastewater reaction sedimentation tank 14, the first inlet 151, the UF purified water outlet 153, the ultrafiltration production water tank 16, the second inlet 171, and the RO purified water outlet 173 to form phosphorus-containing reuse water and be recycled to the water tank. 18 collected, this part of the phosphorus-containing reuse water will be used again in the painting line to continue production operations.
  • the phosphate wastewater reaction sedimentation tank 14, the first inlet 151, and the UF concentrated water outlet 152 are sequentially connected through the phosphate wastewater pipeline.
  • the UF concentrated water outlet 152 is connected to the phosphate wastewater collection tank 200 through the sludge pipeline.
  • the phosphate wastewater is After the phosphate waste water reaction sedimentation tank 14 enters the UF membrane module 15 and forms UF concentrated water, the UF concentrated water from the UF concentrated water outlet 152 enters the phosphate waste water collection tank 200 again to participate in the recycling treatment of the phosphate waste water.
  • Phosphate wastewater reaction sedimentation tank 14 first inlet 151, UF purified water outlet 153, ultrafiltration production water tank 16, second inlet 171, RO concentrated water outlet 172, membrane recovery concentrated water tank 19 are connected in sequence through the phosphate wastewater pipeline,
  • the membrane recovery concentrated water tank 19 is connected with the negative pressure evaporation mechanism 20, and the phosphating wastewater passes through the phosphating wastewater reaction sedimentation tank 14, the first inlet 151, the UF purified water outlet 153, the ultrafiltration production water tank 16, the second inlet 171, and RO in sequence.
  • the RO concentrated water is formed and collected by the membrane recovery concentrated water tank 19, and finally evaporated by the negative pressure evaporation mechanism 20 into solid waste.
  • a UF backwash pump is connected between the first inlet 151 and the ultrafiltration product water tank 16, so that the UF purified water in the ultrafiltration product water tank 16 can be pumped again Return to the UF membrane module 15 for backwashing.
  • the passivation waste water collection tank 500 is connected to the membrane recovery concentrated water tank 19 through the phosphating waste water pipeline, so that the passivation waste water and the RO concentrated water in the membrane recovery concentrated water tank 19 enter the negative pressure evaporation mechanism 20 for evaporation treatment, and finally pass the negative pressure.
  • the pressure evaporation mechanism 20 evaporates to form waste residue.
  • both the pretreatment reaction air flotation tank 1 and the reaction air flotation tank 3 adopt the advection type air flotation method, which can realize the functions of coagulation, air flotation, slag skimming, sedimentation, and mud scraping.
  • different agents are used to enhance the air flotation effect.
  • the degreasing wastewater is added with acid to demulsify the floating oil, while the electrophoresis wastewater is added with a special paint coagulant to make the paint float to achieve the purpose of separation.
  • the primary reaction sedimentation tank, the secondary reaction sedimentation tank and the phosphating wastewater reaction sedimentation tank are all chemical reaction sedimentation tanks.
  • a reaction tank is set in front of the sedimentation tank, and Flocculant should be added to the water before the water enters the reaction sedimentation tank.
  • Commonly used flocculants include alum (potassium aluminum sulfate dodecahydrate), polyaluminum chloride, ferric chloride, etc.
  • the aluminum (iron) flocculant is dissolved in water to produce aluminum hydroxide (iron), aluminum hydroxide (iron) ) Is a flocculent sediment that will be suspended in water.
  • aluminum hydroxide (iron) has a relatively large surface area, it is easy to absorb suspended impurities in water. After the suspended impurities in the water are adsorbed by aluminum hydroxide (iron), the particles will change from small to large, until the gravity is greater than the buoyancy, the impurities will settle together with it.
  • the purpose of the first PH adjustment tank and the second PH adjustment tank is to remove heavy metal ions in the degreasing wastewater and/or electrophoresis wastewater so that the pH value reaches the treatment standard.
  • the hydrolysis acidification tank is based on the hydrolysis acidification process.
  • the anaerobic treatment is controlled in the first and second stages of anaerobic treatment with a shorter reaction time, that is, when a large number of hydrolyzed bacteria, The process of hydrolyzing insoluble organic matter into dissolved organic matter under the action of acidifying bacteria, and converting difficult-to-biodegradable macromolecular substances into easily biodegradable small-molecule substances, thereby improving the biodegradability of wastewater and laying a good foundation for subsequent treatment.
  • the contact oxidation tank is filled with coke, gravel, plastic honeycomb and other fillers in an airtight aeration tank.
  • the filler is immersed in water, and a blower is used to aerate and oxygenate the bottom of the filler. This method is called blast aeration; From bottom to top, the waste water to be treated is entrained and freely passes through the filter material to reach the ground. After the air escapes, the waste water returns to the bottom of the pool in the filter compartment from top to bottom.
  • Activated sludge is attached to the surface of the filler and does not flow with water. Because the biofilm is directly agitated by the updraft, it is constantly updated, thereby improving the purification effect.
  • the sand filter adopts two layers of filter materials (anthracite and quartz sand) and pressure filtration. It has the advantages of large interception capacity, high filtration speed and long filtration cycle. After the filtered water enters from the upper part of the filter and passes through the filter material layer from top to bottom, the impurity particles in the water are adhered by the filter material particles to separate them from the water, and the water is further clarified.
  • Activated carbon filter can achieve decolorization, dechlorination, removal of organic matter, removal of organic chlorine, removal of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite, removal of residual chlorine or oxidants, deodorization, and removal of trace heavy metal ions (such as mercury, chromium plasma) in water, Synthetic detergents and radioactive substances, etc.).
  • UF membrane modules are also called ultrafiltration membranes.
  • Ultrafiltration uses the microporous screening mechanism of ultrafiltration membranes to remove impurity particles of a certain size in the water by means of physical retention.
  • RO membrane is also called reverse osmosis membrane.
  • Reverse osmosis is a water treatment technology that uses membrane separation. The principle is that under pressure, the water passing through the reverse osmosis membrane becomes pure water; the impurities in the water are reversed The permeable membrane intercepts and takes it out of the concentrated water, which can effectively remove impurities such as dissolved salts, colloids, bacteria, viruses, bacterial endotoxins and most organic matter in the water.
  • the function of the negative pressure evaporation mechanism is to evaporate the insoluble matter in the phosphating wastewater to form a solid waste residue, and the evaporated phosphating wastewater is returned to the phosphate wastewater collection tank to participate in cyclic treatment.
  • the filter press is a plate and frame filter press. It is a device that can separate solids and liquids.
  • the basic principle of solid-liquid separation is: the mixed liquid flows through the filter medium (filter cloth), and the solid stays on the filter cloth and gradually It accumulates on the filter cloth to form a filter mud cake. The filtrate part penetrates the filter cloth and becomes a clear liquid without solids.
  • the treated degreasing wastewater and/or electrophoresis wastewater meet the following discharge standards: PH 6-9, anionic surfactants 5mg/l, suspended solids 70mg/l, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) 20mg/l, chemical Oxygen demand (COD) is 100mg/l, ammonia nitrogen is 15mg/l, total phosphorus is 0.5 mg/l, fluoride ion is 10mg/l, total nickel is 0.05mg/l, total manganese is 0.01mg/l, total zinc It is 0.005mg/l, and the total copper is 0.5mg/l.
  • BOD biochemical oxygen demand
  • COD chemical Oxygen demand
  • the wastewater treatment system in this case separately collects and treats each industrial wastewater generated on the painting line.
  • the treated phosphating wastewater is reused as the cleaning water for the production line, and the treated degreasing wastewater and/or electrophoresis wastewater is discharged into the external environment water body after reaching the standard.
  • the sludge and sediment produced during the treatment process are filtered by a filter press into solid waste residue for separate treatment, which has higher treatment efficiency, saves water, and can avoid environmental pollution.

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Abstract

一种环保型涂装流水线的废水处理系统,设置有电泳、脱脂废水处理装置和磷化废水处理装置,其中电泳、脱脂废水处理装置包括依次连通的预处理反应气浮池(1)、一级反应沉淀池(2)、反应气浮池(3)、第一PH调节池(4)、水解酸化池(5)、沉淀槽(6)、接触氧化池(7)、二级反应沉淀池(8)、第二PH调节池(9)、砂过滤器(10)和活性炭过滤器(11),预处理反应气浮池(1)、一级反应沉淀池(2)、反应气浮池(3)、沉淀槽(6)和二级反应沉淀池(8)均设置有与污泥槽(12)相连通的沉渣排放口,污泥槽(12)与压滤机(13)相连通;磷化废水处理装置包括依次连通的磷化废水反应沉淀池(14)、UF膜组件(15)、超滤产水箱(16)、RO膜组件(17)和回用水箱(18),UF浓水循环回磷化废水反应沉淀池(14),RO膜浓水被膜回收浓水槽(19)收集,最终被负压蒸发机构(20)蒸发成固体废渣;磷化废水经处理后能形成含磷回用水,节约水资源。

Description

环保型涂装流水线的废水处理系统 技术领域
本发明涉及工业废水处理技术领域,特别涉及对汽车涂装生产过程中产生的废水的处理系统。
背景技术
汽车涂装生产作业时,会产生大量的工业废水,如若不加处理,直接对外排放,将会造成环境污染。汽车涂装流水线上通常会产生多种工业废水,整条流水线涉及汽车涂装的多道工艺,各个工艺也会相应产生工业废水,例如,汽车涂装流水线在汽车部件涂装作业时通常涉及脱脂、水洗、磷化、钝化、电泳等工艺,相应的会产生脱脂废水、磷化废水、钝化废水和电泳废水等工业废水,有的工业废水经过处理后可以循环利用,节约水资源;有的工业废水里面多含有大量的沉淀物,需要经过处理后才能对外排放,避免对环境造成污染,而处理过程中产生的沉渣需要另外处理;有的废水则仅需要蒸发掉水分,形成废渣后再对废渣进行处理即可;而现有技术中,对上述产生的多种工业废水通常集中处理,导致有的工业废水经过多种处理工艺后才达到排放标准,处理效率不高,还浪费水资源。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明的目的是提供一种能对多种工业废水分别处理,处理效率更高、节约水资源的涂装流水线的废水处理系统。
为了实现上述发明的目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种环保型涂装流水线的废水处理系统,包括:
电泳、脱脂废水处理装置,包括预处理反应气浮池、一级反应沉淀池、反应气浮池、第一PH调节池、水解酸化池、沉淀槽、接触氧化池、二级反应沉淀池、第二PH调节池、砂过滤器、活性炭过滤器、污泥槽和压滤机,所述的预处理反应气浮池、一级反应沉淀池、反应气浮池、第一PH调节池、水解酸化池、沉淀槽、接触氧化池、二级反应沉淀池、第二PH调节池、砂过滤器、活性炭过滤器 依次相连通,所述的预处理反应气浮池、一级反应沉淀池、反应气浮池、沉淀槽、二级反应沉淀池均设置有沉渣排放口,全部所述的沉渣排放口与所述的污泥槽相连通,所述的污泥槽与所述的压滤机相连通;电泳废水和/或脱脂废水依次经所述的预处理反应气浮池、一级反应沉淀池、反应气浮池、第一PH调节池、水解酸化池、沉淀槽、接触氧化池、二级反应沉淀池、第二PH调节池、砂过滤器、活性炭过滤器后形成净水,电泳废水和/或脱脂废水经所述的预处理反应气浮池、一级反应沉淀池、反应气浮池、沉淀槽、二级反应沉淀池后分别产生沉渣,且所述沉渣被所述的污泥槽收集,最终被所述的压滤机压滤成固体废渣;
磷化废水处理装置,包括磷化废水反应沉淀池、UF膜组件、超滤产水箱、RO膜组件、回用水箱、膜回收浓水槽、负压蒸发机构,所述的UF膜组件具有第一入口、UF浓水出口和UF净水出口,所述的RO膜组件具有第二入口、RO浓水出口和RO净水出口,所述的磷化废水反应沉淀池、第一入口、UF净水出口、超滤产水箱、第二入口、RO净水出口、回用水箱依次相连通,磷化废水依次经所述的磷化废水反应沉淀池、第一入口、UF净水出口、超滤产水箱、第二入口、RO净水出口后形成含磷回用水并被回用水箱收集;所述的磷化废水反应沉淀池、第一入口、UF浓水出口依次相连通并构成循环,所述的磷化废水反应沉淀池、第一入口、UF净水出口、超滤产水箱、第二入口、RO浓水出口、膜回收浓水槽依次相连通,所述的膜回收浓水槽与所述的负压蒸发机构相连通,磷化废水依次经磷化废水反应沉淀池、第一入口、UF净水出口、超滤产水箱、第二入口、RO浓水出口后形成RO浓水,且所述RO浓水被膜回收浓水槽收集,最终被所述的负压蒸发机构蒸发成固体废渣。
上述技术方案中,优选的,所述的电泳、脱脂废水处理装置包括连通所述第一入口和所述超滤产水箱的UF反洗泵。
上述技术方案中,优选的,所述的涂装流水线的废水处理系统包括脱脂废水收集槽、磷化废水收集槽、用于存储脱脂废水和电泳废水混合物的综合废水收集槽以及电泳废水收集槽,所述的脱脂废水收集槽、综合废水收集槽、电泳废水收集槽分别与所述的预处理反应气浮池相连通,所述的磷化废水收集槽与所述 的磷化废水反应沉淀池相连通。
上述技术方案中,优选的,所述的涂装流水线的废水处理系统包括钝化废水收集槽,所述的钝化废水收集槽与所述的膜回收浓水槽相连通。
上述技术方案中,优选的,所述的预处理反应气浮池、一级反应沉淀池、反应气浮池、第一PH调节池、二级反应沉淀池、第二PH调节池内均安装有搅拌机。
本发明与现有技术相比获得如下有益效果:本案通过设置电泳、脱脂废水处理装置和磷化废水处理装置,从而对涂装流水线作业中产生较多的脱脂废水、电泳废水以及磷化废水进行分别处理,处理效率更高,且磷化废水经过处理后能形成含磷回用水,从而节约水资源,脱脂废水和/或电泳废水经处理后能达到以下排放标准:PH为6-9,阴离子表面活性剂为5mg/l,悬浮物为70mg/l,生化需氧量(BOD)为20mg/l,化学需氧量(COD)为100mg/l,氨氮为15mg/l,总磷为0.5mg/l,氟离子为10mg/l,总镍为0.05mg/l,总锰为0.01mg/l,总锌为0.005mg/l,总铜为0.5mg/l,从而避免环境污染。
附图说明
图1为本发明涂装流水线的废水处理系统;
图2为本发明涂装流水线的废水处理工艺流程图;
其中,100、脱脂废水收集槽;200、磷化废水收集槽;300、综合废水收集槽;400、电泳废水收集槽;500、钝化废水收集槽;1、预处理反应气浮池;2、一级反应沉淀池;3、反应气浮池;4、第一PH调节池;5、水解酸化池;6、沉淀槽;7、接触氧化池;8、二级反应沉淀池;9、第二PH调节池;10、砂过滤器;11、活性炭过滤器;12、污泥槽;13、压滤机;14、磷化废水反应沉淀池;15、UF膜组件;151、第一入口;152、UF浓水出口;153、UF净水出口;16、超滤产水箱;17、RO膜组件;171、第二入口;172、RO浓水出口;173、RO净水出口;18、回用水箱;19、膜回收浓水槽;20、负压蒸发机构。
发明概述
技术问题
问题的解决方案
发明的有益效果
发明实施例
具体实施方式
为详细说明发明的技术内容、构造特征、所达成目的及功效,下面将结合实施例并配合附图予以详细说明。
本案的涂装流水线的废水处理系统主要用于对汽车涂装流水线产生的多种工业废水进行分别处理,其包括电泳、脱脂废水处理装置,磷化废水处理装置以及5个废水收集槽。其中,5个废水收集槽分别为脱脂废水收集槽100、磷化废水收集槽200、综合废水收集槽300、电泳废水收集槽400和钝化废水收集槽500。具体的,脱脂废水收集槽100用于存储涂装流水线产生的脱脂废水,磷化废水收集槽200用于存储涂装流水线产生的磷化废水,综合废水收集槽300用于存储涂装流水线产生的脱脂废水和电泳废水混合物,电泳废水收集槽400用于存储涂装流水线产生的电泳废水,钝化废水收集槽500用于存储涂装流水线产生的钝化废水。下面将结合实施例1以及图1-2具体说明各个装置组成及对各相应工业废水的处理工艺过程。
实施例1:
某汽车公司,废水水质及排水量为:
Figure PCTCN2019120787-appb-000001
排放要求为:
[Table 1]
序号 污染物 处理后水质
1 PH 6~9
2 阴离子表面活性剂 ≤5mg/l
3 悬浮物(SS) ≤70mg/l
4 生化需氧量(BOD) ≤20mg/l
5 化学需氧量(COD) ≤100mg/l
6 氨氮 ≤20mg/l
7 总磷 ≤0.5mg/l
8 氟离子 ≤10mg/l
9 总镍 ≤0.05mg/l
10 总锰 ≤0.01mg/l
11 总锌 ≤0.005mg/l
12 总铜 ≤0.5mg/l
回用水的主要水质指标如下:
[Table 2]
序号 污染物 处理后水质
1 PH 6.5~11
2 阴离子表面活性剂 ≤10mg/l
3 悬浮物(SS) ≤100mg/l
4 生化需氧量(BOD) ≤30mg/l
5 化学需氧量(COD) ≤150mg/l
6 氨氮 ≤30mg/l
7 总磷 ≤1.0mg/l
8 氟离子 ≤20mg/l
9 总镍 ≤0.1mg/l
10 总锰 ≤0.05mg/l
11 总锌 ≤0.01mg/l
12 总铜 ≤1.0mg/l
设计方案如下:
如图1-2所示,电泳、脱脂废水处理装置包括预处理反应气浮池1、一级反应沉淀池2、反应气浮池3、第一PH调节池4、水解酸化池5、沉淀槽6、接触氧化池7、二级反应沉淀池8、第二PH调节池9、砂过滤器10、活性炭过滤器11、污泥槽12、压滤机13。脱脂废水收集槽100通过脱脂废水管道与预处理反应气浮池1相连通,电泳废水收集槽400通过电泳废水管道与预处理反应气浮池1相连通,综合废水收集槽300通过综合废水管道与预处理反应气浮池1相连通。其中,预处理反应气浮池1、一级反应沉淀池2、反应气浮池3、第一PH调节池4、水解酸化池5、沉淀槽6、接触氧化池7、二级反应沉淀池8、第二PH调节池9、砂过滤器10和活性炭过滤器11依次通过综合废水管道相连通。电泳废水或脱脂废水或综合废水依次经预处理反应气浮池1、一级反应沉淀池2、反应气浮池3、第一PH调节池 4、水解酸化池5、沉淀槽6、接触氧化池7、二级反应沉淀池8、第二PH调节池9、砂过滤器10、活性炭过滤器11后形成净水,满足排放标准,可以排放到外界水体中。
预处理反应气浮池1、一级反应沉淀池2、反应气浮池3、沉淀槽6、二级反应沉淀池8在对脱脂废水和/或电泳废水进行处理时,会分别产生沉渣,且预处理反应气浮池1、一级反应沉淀池2、反应气浮池3、沉淀槽6、二级反应沉淀池8均设置有沉渣排放口,这些沉渣排放口均通过污泥管道与污泥槽12相连通,污泥槽12通过污泥管道与压滤机13相连通。预处理反应气浮池1、一级反应沉淀池2、反应气浮池3、第一PH调节池4、二级反应沉淀池8、第二PH调节池9内均安装有搅拌机,避免废水中的沉渣堵塞各相应污泥管道。电泳废水或脱脂废水或综合废水经预处理反应气浮池1、一级反应沉淀池2、反应气浮池3、沉淀槽6、二级反应沉淀池8后分别产生沉渣,且这些沉渣均被污泥槽12收集,最终被压滤机13压滤成固体废渣。
磷化废水处理装置包括磷化废水反应沉淀池14、UF膜组件15、超滤产水箱16、RO膜组件17、回用水箱18、膜回收浓水槽19、负压蒸发机构20。其中,磷化废水收集槽200通过磷化废水管道与磷化废水反应沉淀池14相连通。UF膜组件15具有第一入口151、UF浓水出口152和UF净水出口153;RO膜组件17具有第二入口171、RO浓水出口172和RO净水出口173。磷化废水反应沉淀池14、第一入口151、UF净水出口153、超滤产水箱16、第二入口171、RO净水出口173、回用水箱18通过磷化废水管道依次相连通,磷化废水依次经磷化废水反应沉淀池14、第一入口151、UF净水出口153、超滤产水箱16、第二入口171、RO净水出口173后形成含磷回用水并被回用水箱18收集,这部分的含磷回用水将再次用于涂装流水线继续生产作业。磷化废水反应沉淀池14、第一入口151、UF浓水出口152通过磷化废水管道依次相连通,UF浓水出口152通过污泥管道与磷化废水收集槽200相连通,磷化废水在经磷化废水反应沉淀池14后进入UF膜组件15中并形成UF浓水,从UF浓水出口152出来的UF浓水再次进入磷化废水收集槽200内参与磷化废水的循环处理。
磷化废水反应沉淀池14、第一入口151、UF净水出口153、超滤产水箱16、第 二入口171、RO浓水出口172、膜回收浓水槽19通过磷化废水管道依次相连通,膜回收浓水槽19与负压蒸发机构20相连通,磷化废水依次经磷化废水反应沉淀池14、第一入口151、UF净水出口153、超滤产水箱16、第二入口171、RO浓水出口172后形成RO浓水并被膜回收浓水槽19收集,最终经负压蒸发机构20蒸发成固体废渣。为了对超滤产水箱16内的UF净水再次进行处理,第一入口151和超滤产水箱16之间连通有UF反洗泵,使超滤产水箱16内的UF净水能被再次抽回到UF膜组件15内进行反洗。
钝化废水收集槽500通过磷化废水管道和膜回收浓水槽19相连通,使钝化废水与膜回收浓水槽19内的RO浓水一起进入负压蒸发机构20中进行蒸发处理,最终经负压蒸发机构20蒸发形成废渣。
本案中,预处理反应气浮池1和反应气浮池3均采用平流式气浮方式,能实现凝聚、气浮、撇渣、沉淀、刮泥等功能。根据水质不同采用不同的药剂来加强气浮效果,脱脂废水加酸破乳浮油,而电泳废水则加入专用油漆凝聚剂使油漆上浮来达到分离的目的。
一级反应沉淀池、二级反应沉淀池以及磷化废水反应沉淀池均均为化学反应沉淀池,通过向废水中加入针对污染物形成不溶固体的目标,在沉淀池前设反应池,而且在水进入反应沉淀池之前要向水中加入絮凝剂。常用的絮凝剂有明矾(十二水硫酸铝钾),聚合氯化铝,三氯化铁等,含铝(铁)絮凝剂溶于水后生成氢氧化铝(铁),氢氧化铝(铁)是一种絮状沉淀,会悬浮在水中。由于氢氧化铝(铁)有比较大的表面积,所以很容易吸附水中的悬浮杂质。水中的悬浮杂质被氢氧化铝(铁)吸附后,其颗粒会由小变大,直至其所受重力大于其所受的浮力之时,杂质会与之一起沉淀下来。
第一PH调节池和第二PH调节池目的在于去除脱脂废水和/或电泳废水中的重金属离子,使其pH值达到处理标准。
水解酸化池是基于水解酸化工艺,其根据产甲烷菌与水解产酸菌生长速度不同,将厌氧处理控制在反应时间较短的厌氧处理第一和第二阶段,即在大量水解细菌、酸化菌作用下将不溶性有机物水解为溶解性有机物,将难生物降解的大分子物质转化为易生物降解的小分子物质的过程,从而改善废水的可生化性, 为后续处理奠定良好基础。
接触氧化池是在不透气的曝气池中装有焦炭、砾石、塑料蜂窝等填料,填料被水浸没,用鼓风机在填料底部曝气充氧,这种方式称为鼓风曝气;空气能自下而上,夹带待处理的废水,自由通过滤料部分到达地面,空气逸走后,废水则在滤料间格自上向下返回池底。活性污泥附在填料表面,不随水流动,因生物膜直接受到上升气流的强烈搅动,不断更新,从而提高了净化效果。
砂过滤器,采用两层滤料(无烟煤和石英砂),采用压力过滤,它具有截污能力大,滤速高,过滤周期较长的优点。待滤水从过滤器上部进入,自上而下穿过滤料层之后,水中杂质颗粒便被滤料颗粒所粘附,从而使其从水中分离出来,水则进一步得到澄清。
活性炭过滤器能够实现去色、脱氯、去除有机物、去除有机氯、去除氨氮和亚硝酸盐、去除剩余氯或氧化剂,还可除臭,去除水中的微量重金属离子(如汞、铬等离子),合成洗涤剂及放射性物质等)。
UF膜组件(UF膜又称为超滤膜),超滤是利用超滤膜的微孔筛分机理,以物理截留的方式去除水中一定大小的杂质颗粒。
RO膜组件(RO膜又称为反渗透膜),反渗透是采用膜法分离的水处理技术,其原理是在压力作用下,透过反渗透膜的水成为纯水;水中的杂质被反渗透膜截留并从浓水带出,可以有效地去除水中的溶解盐、胶体、细菌、病毒、细菌内毒素和大部分有机物等杂质。
负压蒸发机构的作用在于将磷化废水中的不溶解物质蒸发形成固体废渣,蒸发后的磷化废水再次返回至磷化废水收集槽内参与循环处理。
压滤机为板框压滤机,是一种能实现固体和液体分离的设备,固液分离的基本原理是:混合液流经过滤介质(滤布),固体停留在滤布上,并逐渐在滤布上堆积形成过滤泥饼。而滤液部分则渗透过滤布,成为不含固体的清液。
处理效果:
Figure PCTCN2019120787-appb-000002
处理后的脱脂废水和/或电泳废水达到以下排放标准:PH为6-9,阴离子表面活性剂为5mg/l,悬浮物为70mg/l,生化需氧量(BOD)为20mg/l,化学需氧量(COD)为100mg/l,氨氮为15mg/l,总磷为0.5 mg/l,氟离子为10mg/l,总镍为0.05mg/l,总锰为0.01mg/l,总锌为0.005mg/l,总铜为0.5mg/l。
本案的废水处理系统对涂装流水线上产生的各工业废水分别收集并处理,处理后的磷化废水回用于生产线清洗用水,处理后的脱脂废水和/或电泳废水达标排放到外界环境水体中,处理过程中产生的污泥及沉渣通过压滤机压滤成固体废渣另行处理,处理效率更高,节约用水,且能避免环境污染。
上述实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点,其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施,并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神所作的等效变化或修饰,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (5)

  1. 一种环保型涂装流水线的废水处理系统,其特征在于,包括:
    电泳、脱脂废水处理装置,包括预处理反应气浮池(1)、一级反应沉淀池(2)、反应气浮池(3)、第一PH调节池(4)、水解酸化池(5)、沉淀槽(6)、接触氧化池(7)、二级反应沉淀池(8)、第二PH调节池(9)、砂过滤器(10)、活性炭过滤器(11)、污泥槽(12)和压滤机(13),所述的预处理反应气浮池(1)、一级反应沉淀池(2)、反应气浮池(3)、第一PH调节池(4)、水解酸化池(5)、沉淀槽(6)、接触氧化池(7)、二级反应沉淀池(8)、第二PH调节池(9)、砂过滤器(10)、活性炭过滤器(11)依次相连通,所述的预处理反应气浮池(1)、一级反应沉淀池(2)、反应气浮池(3)、沉淀槽(6)、二级反应沉淀池(8)均设置有沉渣排放口,全部所述的沉渣排放口与所述的污泥槽(12)相连通,所述的污泥槽(12)与所述的压滤机(13)相连通;电泳废水和/或脱脂废水依次经所述的预处理反应气浮池(1)、一级反应沉淀池(2)、反应气浮池(3)、第一PH调节池(4)、水解酸化池(5)、沉淀槽(6)、接触氧化池(7)、二级反应沉淀池(8)、第二PH调节池(9)、砂过滤器(10)、活性炭过滤器(11)后形成净水,电泳废水和/或脱脂废水经所述的预处理反应气浮池(1)、一级反应沉淀池(2)、反应气浮池(3)、沉淀槽(6)、二级反应沉淀池(8)后分别产生沉渣,且所述沉渣被所述的污泥槽(12)收集,最终被所述的压滤机(13)压滤成固体废渣;
    磷化废水处理装置,包括磷化废水反应沉淀池(14)、UF膜组件(15)、超滤产水箱(16)、RO膜组件(17)、回用水箱(18)、膜回收浓水槽(19)、负压蒸发机构(20),所述的UF膜组件(15)具有第一入口(151)、UF浓水出口(152)和UF净水出口(153),所述的RO膜组件(17)具有第二入口(171)、RO浓水 出口(172)和RO净水出口(173),所述的磷化废水反应沉淀池(14)、第一入口(151)、UF净水出口(153)、超滤产水箱(16)、第二入口(171)、RO净水出口(173)、回用水箱(18)依次相连通,磷化废水依次经所述的磷化废水反应沉淀池(14)、第一入口(151)、UF净水出口(153)、超滤产水箱(16)、第二入口(171)、RO净水出口(173)后形成含磷回用水并被回用水箱(18)收集;所述的磷化废水反应沉淀池(14)、第一入口(151)、UF浓水出口(152)依次相连通并构成循环,所述的磷化废水反应沉淀池(14)、第一入口(151)、UF净水出口(153)、超滤产水箱(16)、第二入口(171)、RO浓水出口(172)、膜回收浓水槽(19)依次相连通,所述的膜回收浓水槽(19)与所述的负压蒸发机构(20)相连通,磷化废水依次经磷化废水反应沉淀池(14)、第一入口(151)、UF净水出口(153)、超滤产水箱(16)、第二入口(171)、RO浓水出口(172)后形成RO浓水,且所述RO浓水被膜回收浓水槽(19)收集,最终被所述的负压蒸发机构(20)蒸发成固体废渣。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的环保型涂装流水线的废水处理系统,其特征在于:所述的电泳、脱脂废水处理装置包括连通所述第一入口(151)和所述超滤产水箱(16)的UF反洗泵。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的环保型涂装流水线的废水处理系统,其特征在于:所述的涂装流水线的废水处理系统包括脱脂废水收集槽(100)、磷化废水收集槽(200)、用于存储脱脂废水和电泳废水混合物的综合废水收集槽(300)以及电泳废水收集槽(400),所述的脱脂废水收集槽(100)、综合废水收集槽(300)、电泳废水收集槽(400)分别与所述的预处理反应气浮池(1)相连通,所述的磷化废水收集槽(200)与所述的磷化废水反应沉淀池(14)相连通。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的环保型涂装流水线的废水处理系统,其特征 在于:所述的涂装流水线的废水处理系统包括钝化废水收集槽(500),所述的钝化废水收集槽(500)与所述的膜回收浓水槽(19)相连通。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的环保型涂装流水线的废水处理系统,其特征在于:所述的预处理反应气浮池(1)、一级反应沉淀池(2)、反应气浮池(3)、第一PH调节池(4)、二级反应沉淀池(8)、第二PH调节池(9)内均安装有搅拌机。
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