WO2021069024A1

WO2021069024A1 - Transmission and parking lock actuation device; transmission; and electric drive unit

Info

Publication number: WO2021069024A1
Application number: PCT/DE2020/100847
Authority: WO
Inventors: Hartmut Faust; Holger LIETZENMAIER; Wolfgang Haas; Martin Vornehm
Original assignee: Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG
Priority date: 2019-10-10
Filing date: 2020-10-02
Publication date: 2021-04-15
Also published as: CN114531896B; CN114531896A; DE102019127313B3; DE112020004864A5

Abstract

The invention relates to a transmission and parking lock actuation device (1) for a drive train of a motor vehicle, having an electric motor (2) and a parking lock apparatus (5) coupled via a first coupling mechanism (3) to a rotor shaft (4) of the electric motor (2), the parking lock apparatus (5) having a ratchet wheel (6) and a locking pawl (8) which interacts with external teeth (7) of the ratchet wheel (6) and can be pivoted in a radial direction of the ratchet wheel (6) and is further connected to the first coupling mechanism (3), a slide-pivot selector unit (10) designed to engage and disengage at least one transmission ratio step (9) also being provided, said slide-pivot selector unit (10) having an actuator wheel (13) which is mounted to rotate about an axis of rotation (11) and is also coupled, via a second coupling mechanism (12), to the rotor shaft (4) of the electric motor (2) and has a sliding sleeve (14) which can be displaced along the axis of rotation (11) by the rotation of the actuator wheel (13). The invention also relates to a transmission (25) having said transmission and parking lock actuation device (1), and to an electric drive unit (30).

Description

Transmission and parking lock actuation device; Transmission; as well as electric drive unit

The invention relates to a transmission and parking lock actuator, that is, an actuator that serves both to engage and trainee gears of a transmission, as well as to close and open a parking lock device for a drive train of a motor vehicle, such as a car, truck, bus or Other commercial vehicle, with an electric motor and a parking lock device coupled via a first Koppelmecha mechanism with a rotor shaft of the electric motor, wherein the parking lock device has a ratchet wheel and one with an external toothing of the ratchet wheel cooperating in a radial direction of the ratchet wheel pivotable and with the first coupling mechanism further having connected NEN pawl lever. The invention also relates to a transmission with this transmission and parking lock actuation device and an electrical drive unit.

Devices of the generic type are already sufficiently known from the prior art. For example, DE 100 82 2037 B4 discloses a parking lock device used in a transmission housing. Thus, gearboxes are already known from the prior art in which, in addition to an actuating device for switching the transmission, an actuation for a parking lock is also housed.

As a disadvantage of the designs known from the prior art, however, it has been found that the actuating devices used for the transmission and parking lock are often relatively large. Often, separate actuators are even used for switching the transmission and the parking lock, which further increase this disadvantage.

If transmission and parking lock actuation are combined with one another as far as possible, it has been found, however, that the parking lock in particular is more frequently implemented less robust, which leads to a reduction in the operating time that can be implemented. This problem is compounded when used in electric axle drives additional Lich. A key problem with the parking locks used in these electric axle drives is what are known as parking lock impacts when the parking lock engages positively at low residual engine speed and speed. During this process, the significant residual angular momentum of the heavy electric motor (ie the electric drive machine) is reduced to zero within a very short time t, which leads to very high torque peaks M causing damage ^{due to M = J * / t.}

It is therefore the object of the present invention to eliminate the disadvantages known from the prior art and to provide a transmission and parking lock actuation device that is implemented as compactly and robustly as possible.

This is achieved according to the invention in that there is also a sliding pivot switch unit designed for loading and unloading at least one gear ratio stage, the sliding pivot switching unit having an actuating wheel that is rotatable about an axis of rotation and also coupled to the rotor shaft of the electric motor via a second coupling mechanism has sliding sleeve displaceable along the axis of rotation by rotating the actuating wheel.

Due to the design of this actuator, both the Parksperrenein direction and the sliding pivot switching unit for switching the transmission is controlled by a single electric motor. Furthermore, by implementing the sliding swivel switch unit, a construction that is as compact as possible is achieved. As a result, an actuating device is made available which takes up as little space as possible and at the same time is implemented as robustly as possible on the part of its parking lock device.

Further advantageous designs are claimed with the subclaims and explained in more detail below. The sliding sleeve and the actuating wheel are advantageously coupled to one another in terms of movement via a type of screw drive / spindle drive, so that rotating the actuating wheel directly causes the sliding sleeve to move.

It is also advantageous if the first coupling mechanism and the second coupling mechanism are designed and coordinated with one another in such a way that in a first actuation range of the rotor shaft (preferably a certain first angle of rotation range of the rotor shaft) a switching state of the sliding pivot switch unit when the parking lock device is switched between its closed Position and its open position remains unchanged and in a second actuation area of the rotor shaft following the first actuation area (preferably a certain second angle of rotation area of the rotor shaft that adjoins the first angle of rotation area) the open position of the parking lock device when switching over the Slide pivot switch unit remains unchanged between at least two switch positions. As a result, the parking lock device and the sliding pivot switch unit can be controlled as easily as possible.

In this context, it is also advantageous if the first coupling mechanism has a link device, in which a pivoting of the pawl lever relative to the ratchet wheel for switching between the closed position and the open position of the parking lock device is achieved in a first travel range of a link path of this link device and In a second Wegbe rich of the slide path of this slide device, the open position of the parking lock device is permanently held. Such a link device in turn has the greatest possible robustness.

The link device of the first coupling mechanism further preferably ent neither at least one separate connecting part forming a lever element or is formed directly by a rear side of the ratchet lever facing away from the ratchet wheel. It is also useful if the first travel range of the link path of the first coupling mechanism coincides with the first actuation range / rotation angle range.

As an alternative or in addition to the provision of the link device in the first coupling mechanism, it is also advantageous if the second coupling mechanism has a link device, with a switching state of the sliding sleeve remaining unchanged in a first travel range of a link path of this link device and the switching state of the sliding sleeve remains unchanged in a second travel range of the link path Sliding sleeve is adjusted between a first switching state (in which the gear ratio stage is preferably designed (neutral position)) and a second switching state (in which the gear ratio stage is preferably engaged (gear 1)). As a result, the second coupling mechanism can be designed to be particularly robust.

In this regard, it is again useful if the second travel range of the coulis senbahn of the second coupling mechanism coincides with the second operating range / angle of rotation range.

If the rotor shaft has at least one gear, which at least one gear interacts with the first coupling mechanism and / or the second coupling mechanism, a long-lasting torque transmission from the rotor shaft to the parking lock device or the sliding pivot switch unit is achieved.

In this context, it has also been found to be advantageous if the rotor shaft is equipped with a spindle drive, a spindle nut of the spindle drive interacting with the first coupling mechanism and / or the second coupling mechanism. It has also been found to be space-saving if the rotor shaft is positioned in the circumferential direction / parallel to a circumferential direction of the Klinkenra. If the parking lock device is biased into its open position, more preferably into its closed position, by means of a spring mechanism, the parking lock device works particularly reliably.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a transmission for a hybrid or purely electrically driven motor vehicle, with at least one shiftable and disengageable gear ratio and a gear and parking lock actuation device according to the invention according to at least one of the embodiments described above, wherein the sliding sleeve of the sliding pivot switch unit coaxially to a one Gear of the gear transmission stage receiving transmission shaft is arranged. More preferably, the ratchet wheel is attached directly to the gear shaft. As a result, a gear itself is implemented as compactly as possible. In addition, the combination of the transmission circuitry with the parking lock actuation in the present transmission structures has the advantage that it is mechanically ensured that engaging the parking lock is always associated with disengaging the gear, i.e. disengaging the electric drive machine. As a result, the electric drive machine can coast down more slowly by itself and no shock torque is generated and damage is thus averted.

The transmission is preferably implemented as a single-speed transmission, more preferably as a two-speed transmission. Accordingly, the sliding pivot switching unit is then designed to implement at least three different switching positions.

In addition, the invention relates to an electric drive unit for a hybrid or purely electrically driven motor vehicle, with this transmission and an electric drive machine, wherein the electric drive machine is coupled to the transmission on the input side. The electric drive unit is preferably implemented as a so-called electric axle drive unit / e-axle.

In other words, a combined actuation of sliding swivel gear and parking lock is implemented according to the invention. The parking lock is operated in the circumferential direction, while maintaining the safety requirements. It is secured directly by pivoting on the pawl. It will be a

Parking lock actuator is used to actuate the synchronization / sliding pivot switch unit.

The invention will now be explained in more detail below with reference to figures, in which

Context, various exemplary embodiments are also shown.

Show it:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a transmission and parking lock actuating device according to the invention according to a first embodiment for switching a single-speed transmission, wherein a gearwheel of a transmission ratio stage that can be coupled to a transmission shaft via a sliding pivot switching unit is shown and an electric motor is driven in such a way that the parking lock device is in its closed position and a sliding sleeve of the sliding pivot switch unit is in a first switching state in which no gear is engaged,

Fig. 2 is a perspective detailed view of the transmission and parking lock actuation device from a side facing away from the gear from Fig. 1, wherein the parking lock device can be seen in more detail,

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the transmission and parking lock actuator device according to Fig. 1,

Fig. 4 is a side view of the transmission and parking lock actuator device according to Fig. 1,

Fig. 5 is a side view of the transmission and parking lock actuation device, similar to Fig. 4, the gear wheel of the gear ratio stage is now omitted so that a guide track of a screw drive between an actuating wheel and the sliding sleeve can be seen, Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the transmission and parking lock actuation device according to Fig. 1 from the side facing away from the gear.

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the transmission and parking lock actuation device in a fully assembled state receiving housing part,

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the transmission and parking lock actuator device, similar to Fig. 1, the electric motor is now driven such that the parking lock device is open while the sliding sleeve is still arranged in its neutral position,

Fig. 9 is a perspective detailed view of the rear of the transmission and parking lock actuating device according to FIG. 8, wherein the parking lock device can be seen in more detail,

Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the transmission and parking lock actuation device, similar to Fig. 1, the electric motor is now driven in such a way that the sliding sleeve is in a second switching state in which a gear of the transmission is engaged while the park the lock device is still open,

Fig. 11 is a perspective detailed view of the rear of the transmission and parking lock actuating device according to FIG. 10, wherein the parking lock device can be seen in more detail,

12 is a perspective exploded view of the transmission and parking lock actuating device according to FIGS. 1 to 11,

13 shows a schematic representation of an electric axle drive unit showing the transmission and parking lock actuation device according to FIG. 1, 14 shows a perspective view of a transmission and parking lock actuating device according to the invention according to a second exemplary embodiment for switching a two-speed transmission, the electric motor now being coupled via a spindle drive to the parking lock device and to the sliding pivot switching unit, and the parking lock device being in the closed position and the sliding pivot switching unit is in a switching state in which a first gear (gear 1) is engaged,

15 shows a perspective view of the transmission and parking lock actuation device, similar to FIG. 14, the electric motor now being driven in such a way that the parking lock device is opened while the sliding pivot switching unit is still in its switching state in which the first gear is engaged is

16 shows a perspective illustration of the transmission and parking lock actuation device, similar to FIG. 14, the electric motor now being driven in such a way that the parking lock device is open and the sliding pivot switching unit is in a switching state in which no gear is engaged (neutral position ),

17 shows a perspective illustration of the transmission and parking lock actuation device, similar to FIG. 14, the electric motor now being driven in such a way that the parking lock device is open and the sliding pivot switch unit is in a switching state in which a second gear (gear 2 ) is inserted,

Fig. 18 is a side view of a parking lock device as used in a Ge gear and parking lock actuating device according to a third exemplary embodiment, 19 is a side view of a parking lock device as used in a transmission and parking lock actuating device according to a fourth exemplary embodiment,

Figs. 20 to 25 further representations of different embodiments of the inventive transmission and parking lock actuation device.

Fig. 26 is a perspective view of the transmission and parking lock actuation device of Fig. 1, wherein the sliding pivot circuit used can be seen through egg NEN section of the gear,

27 is a perspective view of the transmission and parking lock actuation device of FIG. 8 with a sliding swivel circuit to be recognized in section;

Fig. 28 is a perspective view of the transmission and parking lock actuator device of FIG. 10 with a sliding pivot circuit to be recognized in section, and

Figs. 29 and 30 a schematic representation of two further electric axle drive units, each of which has the transmission and parking lock actuation device according to FIG. 1.

The figures are only of a schematic nature and are used exclusively for understanding the invention. The same elements are provided with the same reference numerals. In principle, the various features of the different exemplary embodiments can also be freely combined with one another.

With Fig. 13, a preferred area of use of a Ge transmission and parking lock actuator 1 according to the invention is illustrated first. The also abbreviated as actuator 1 referred to transmission and parking lock actuator device 1 is used in an electric axle drive unit 30 to operate a parking lock device 5 and at the same time to operate a synonymously also known as sliding pivot circuit 10 sliding pivot switch unit 10, which in turn is a Gear ratio stage 9 of a gear 25 is engaged and disengaged. In this embodiment, the transmission 25 is implemented as a single-speed transmission 25, but can, as described below in connection with the second exemplary embodiment, be implemented more preferably as a two-speed transmission 25. The electric axle drive unit 30 is implemented as an e-axle and is consequently equipped with an electric drive machine 29. The transmission 25 is located in the torque transmission path between the drive machine 29 and the output wheels of the motor vehicle / a differential 39.

With the figures 29 and 30 two further alternatively designed drive units 30 are illustrated. While in FIGS. 13 and 30 are each set to single-speed E-axes, a two-speed E-axis is implemented in FIG. 29. With FIG. 29 it can be seen that an additional clutch is available for gear 2. There is consequently a space variation by mirroring the 1 -N-P circuit of FIG. 13 is made available. 30 shows a construction space variation by arranging the 1-N-P circuit on a rotor shaft (also referred to as drive shaft) of the electric drive machine 29. Furthermore, the existing differential in FIG. 30 is implemented with a bevel gear.

A preferred first embodiment of the actuating device 1 is in connection with FIGS. 1 to 12 and 26 to 28 are shown in detail.

As in connection with FIG. 3 and with FIGS. 26 to 28, the actuating device 1 has a sliding pivot switch unit 10. The sliding pivot switch unit 10 in turn has an actuating wheel 13 rotatably mounted about a central axis of rotation 11. The actuating wheel 13 is coupled via a screw drive 34 to a sliding sleeve 14 which is guided axially displaceably along the axis of rotation 11. Thus, when the actuating wheel 13 is rotated, the sliding sleeve 14 is immediately axially displaced and thus switching between the individual switching positions of the sliding pivot switching unit 10. In this context, it should be noted that the sliding pivot circuit 10 is principally based on the principle described in the German patent application the file number 10 2019 100 978.2 and the filing date of January 16, 2019, the device for synchronizing and switching described is designed, so that the subject matter disclosed in this patent application already filed by the applicant applies to the objective sliding pivoting circuit 10 as integrated therein.

The sliding pivot switching unit 10 of the first embodiment is designed to convert only two different switching positions, the sliding sleeve 14 being arranged in a first switching position in such a way that no gear is engaged and thus the illustrated first gear 26a of the transmission ratio stage 9 is free relative to the transmission shaft 27 is rotatable. In a second shift position, the sliding sleeve 14 is displaced in such a way that the first gear wheel 26a of the transmission ratio stage 9 and the transmission shaft 27 are connected to one another in a rotationally fixed manner and consequently a gear (gear 1) of the transmission 25 is engaged.

In this context, it should be noted that in FIGS. 1 to 11, only the first gear 26a of the gear ratio stage 9 is shown for the sake of clarity. A second second gear 26b of the transmission ratio stage 9, which is in engagement with the first gear 26a, can be seen in FIG. 13, for example. The first and second gearwheels 26a, 26b together form the gear ratio stage 9 and consequently gear 1 of the gearbox 25 when they are engaged.

The first gear wheel 26a is arranged along the axis of rotation 11 of the transmission shaft 27, i.e. in the axial direction next to the sliding pivot switch unit 10. The sliding pivot switching unit 10 is arranged with its actuating wheel 13 and its sliding sleeve 14 coaxially to the transmission shaft 27.

In the axial direction next to the sliding pivot switching unit 10, a ratchet wheel 6 of a parking lock device 5 is then arranged. The ratchet 6 is on the gear shaft 27 (coaxial to this) firmly added. As can then be seen in FIG. 1, for example, the parking lock device 5 and the sliding pivot switch unit 10 are actuated by a common electric motor 2 (also referred to as electric servomotor / actuator 2).

The electric motor 2, which in this embodiment is arranged with its rotor shaft 4 (also referred to as actuator shaft) parallel to the axis of rotation 11, directly drives a gear 19a implemented as a pinion. The rotor shaft 4 is consequently implemented as a pinion shaft. The gear 19a is with a toothed area 22 of the loading actuating wheel 13 in tooth engagement. The toothing thus converted between the gear 19a and the toothed area 22 of the actuating wheel 13 is implemented as a (two-ter) coupling mechanism 12 for coupling the rotor shaft 4 to the sliding pivot switch unit 10.

A further (first) coupling mechanism 3, which is used to connect to the parking lock device 5, is offset in the circumferential direction relative to the toothed area 22. In this embodiment, the first coupling mechanism 3 has a (first) link device 15 directly. The gate device 15 consists of a first gate track 16 introduced into a connecting part 23. By moving the connecting part 23, a sliding shoe 24, which is further coupled to a pawl lever 8 for movement, is displaced. As can be seen in this context, for example in Fig. 2, the pawl lever 8, which can be pivoted in the radial direction relative to the ratchet wheel 6, interacts with a pawl 28 directly with the external toothing 7 of the ratchet wheel 6 and engages the parking lock device 5 in a closed position into the external toothing 7, blocking a rotation of the ratchet wheel 6, and is positioned in an open position of the parking lock device 5 out of engagement with the external toothing 7.

Furthermore, there is a spring mechanism 31 which prestresses the pawl lever 8 in this embodiment into its open position.

The first coupling mechanism 3 and the second coupling mechanism 12 are designed according to the invention in such a way and coordinated with one another that in one first operating range, namely a first angle of rotation range, the rotor shaft 4 (preferably over a certain number of revolutions of the rotor shaft 4 in a first direction of rotation) the switching state of the sliding pivot switch unit 10 remains unchanged, while the parking lock device 5 from its closed position to its open Position switches, and that in a second actuation area adjoining the first actuation area, namely a second angle of rotation range of the rotor shaft 4 (preferably over a certain number of revolutions of the rotor shaft 4 in the first direction of rotation) the open position of the parking lock device 5 is held , while the sliding pivot switch unit 10 switches between the two existing switch positions.

In order to enable this corresponding effect of the electric motor 2, the first coupling mechanism 3, the first link device 15 is present in the first embodiment, which means that in the first actuation area the connecting part 23 with a first travel area 37 of the first link path 16 relative to a The link pin 32 of the actuating wheel 13 is displaced so that the sliding shoe 24 swivels the pawl lever 8 relative to the ratchet wheel 6 from the closed position into the open position of the parking lock device 5. A second path area 38 of the first link path 16, which is bent relative to the first path area 37, runs essentially along a circumference in such a way that the open position of the parking lock device 5 remains permanently held.

In Fig. 5 it can also be seen that in the screw drive 34 between the loading actuating wheel 13 and the sliding sleeve 14, a guide track 35 is provided, which has an exclusively in the circumferential direction (straight) extending Bahnbe rich 36, which leads to the Sliding sleeve 14 remains in the same sliding position Ver. This path area 36 therefore coincides with the first path area 37 of the first link path 16. The different operational states that can be implemented by the actuating device 1 with the various switching states of the sliding pivot switch unit 10 are shown in connection with FIGS. 1, 2, 8 to 11 and 26 to 28 can be recognized. As already mentioned, the electric motor 2 is in FIGS. 1 and 26 in a first control state in which the slide pin 32 is in the first slide track 16 in the beginning of the first Wegebe range. The parking lock device 5 is closed. At the same time, no gear is engaged in FIG. 1, ie the first switching position of the sliding pivot switching unit 10 / sliding sleeve 14 is implemented. This Betriebszu status is consequently a P-mode.

If the second switching state of the sliding pivot switching unit 10 / sliding sleeve 14 is to be switched over, according to FIGS. 8 and 27, the electric motor 2 is driven in a second control state in such a way that it moves the actuating wheel 13 with the link pin 32 in the first link path 16 towards the end of the first travel range 37. In this operating state, which represents an N mode, the parking lock device 5 is open, while the sliding sleeve 14 is still arranged in its first switching state.

When the electric motor 2 is further driven in the same direction as in the first and second control states, a third control state is carried out. In this case, the rotor shaft 4 is moved beyond the first actuation area beyond the second actuation area, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 28 can be seen. If the link pin 32 has reached an end of the second travel range 38 facing away from the first travel range 37, the sliding sleeve 14 is arranged in its second switching state and gear 1 is thus engaged while the parking lock device 5 remains in its open position.

A reverse switchover via the N mode back to the P mode takes place by activating the electric motor 2 in the opposite direction of rotation. In connection with FIGS. 14 to 17 a second embodiment of the actuating device 1 according to the invention is then shown. In this embodiment it becomes clear that instead of the toothing between the rotor shaft 4 and the actuating wheel 13 / first coupling mechanism 3, a spindle drive 20 can also be arranged between the rotor shaft 4 and the parking lock device 5 or the sliding pivot switch unit 10. In this case, a spindle nut 21 is displaced via a spindle 33 directly connected to the rotor shaft 4 and arranged coaxially to the rotor shaft 4 in order to move the parking lock device 5 between its open and closed position and to change the switching states of the sliding pivot switch unit 10.

The spindle nut 21 interacts with a second link device 17, which is now provided on the part of the second coupling mechanism 12, i.e. is inserted between the electric motor 2 and the sliding pivot switch unit 10.

The second coupling mechanism 12 is in principle implemented with its second gate device 17 in such a way that in the first travel range 37 (FIGS. 14 and 15) of a second gate track 18 the second switching state (gear 1 engaged) of the sliding sleeve 14 remains unchanged, while the parking lock device 5 is opened.

In the second travel area 38 of the second slide track 18, the sliding sleeve 14 is adjusted from its second switching state to its first switching state (no gear engaged) (FIGS. 15 and 16). The parking lock device 5 is further open (N mode).

In this embodiment, the transmission 25 is implemented in two gears, whereby after driving through the second travel range 38, the system returns to the first travel range 37, whereby the sliding sleeve 14 is shifted from its second switching state to a third switching state (second gear / gear 2 engaged) ( Figs. 16 and 17). The parking lock device 5 is still open.

In other words, the first embodiment is an exemplary embodiment of the actuation of a first to be synchronized Gear 26a and a parking lock 5 with an actuator 2 are shown. The switching sequence is, for example, PN 1. In FIGS. 1 and 2 the switch position P is implemented. The sliding shoe 24 drives the pawl 8, 28 into the ratchet wheel 6 by the force of a spring of the spring mechanism 31. To reach the switching position N, the actuating wheel 13 is rotated by the actuator pinion 19a, also known synonymously as gear 19a or pinion 19a, and the sliding shoe 24 rotates the flebel 23, also referred to synonymously as connecting part 23, is pushed back against the spring of the spring mechanism 31. The pawl 8, 28 is raised by the spring of the spring mechanism 31 and the ratchet wheel 6 is released. Due to a flat track region 36 in the link 35 of the threaded sleeve 34 (FIG. 5), also referred to synonymously as the guide track 35, the sliding sleeve 14, also referred to synonymously as the sliding sleeve 14, remains in its position despite the rotation of the sliding ring with the sliding block. The gear is engaged via the further rotation of the Ak torritzels 19a and the actuating wheel 13, shown in FIGS. 10 and 11. The synchronization is actuated via the link 35 in the threaded sleeve 34, also referred to synonymously as the screw drive 34, and the sliding ring (FIGS.

3 and 5). The sliding shoe 24 remains in its position due to the radially constant course of the Ku lisse 35 in the web area 36 in the Flebel 23. The switching sequence can be repeated in the reverse order.

The actuator 2, the first and second coupling mechanism 3, 12, the parking lock 5 and the bearing can be fixed in a common part of the housing 40, for example in a housing wall, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 to know. This leads to greater accuracy in the positioning of the components and less deformation due to the actuation forces. An exploded view of the exemplary embodiment is shown in FIG. 12. An exemplary structure of an E-axis 30 with the combination of sliding pivot circuit 10 and parking lock 5 is shown in Fig. 13 with the circuit diagram 1-NP Darge. With the second embodiment, a threaded drive / spindle drive 20 for actuating two gears to be synchronized 26a, 26c and a parking lock 5 with an actuator 2 is implemented. The switching sequence can be implemented, for example, P-1-N-2. In Fig. 14, the shift position P is shown, parking lock 5 and gear 1 are engaged. To open the parking lock 5, the sliding block 24 is displaced by the nut 21, also known synonymously as a threaded nut 21 or spindle nut 21, against the force of the spring of the spring mechanism 31 and the pawl 8, 28 leaves the ratchet wheel 6 (FIG. 15). Gear 1 remains on the Kulis senbahn 18 in Flebel 23 of the actuating wheel 13 inserted. In order to reach the switching position N, the nut 21 is moved further and gear 1 is disengaged. Since a ramp 41 on the nut 21 pushes the slide shoe 24 laterally into a detent in the housing 42 and locks this position by applying the detent lever 43, as shown in FIG. When engaging gear 2, the nut 21 slides along the locking lever 43 and thus secures the position of the parking lock 5 (FIG. 17). The switching sequence can be repeated in the reverse order.

Usually two gears to be synchronized lie next to each other and are operated by a sliding sleeve and an actuator. An exemplary switching sequence is 1-N-2. If only one (first) gear 26a is synchronized by an actuator 2 according to the training according to the invention, the freed path of the second, missing synchronization can be used for actuating the parking lock 5. For example, the switching sequence 1-N-P would be possible. If two synchronizations and a parking lock 5 are to be operated by an actuator 2, the actuator 2 receives an additional shift position, for example with the shift sequence P-1-N-2.

With the FIGS. 18 and 19 then two further embodiment examples according to the invention are indicated, which are actuated to close the parking lock 5. A parking lock 5, which is closed by actuation, would not have to be held in the open switching position and would thus be better for combined actuation tion of synchronization 10 and parking lock 5 fit. For this purpose, elasticity, preferably at least one spring 44a, 44b, 44c, is preferably provided in the actuation path between actuator 2 and parking lock 5.

A possible embodiment with three springs 44a to c is shown in Fig. 18 in the actuated state. The sliding shoe 24 can be displaced in the actuating element with a (first) biasing spring 44a, also referred to synonymously as compression spring 44a or spring 44a, in such a way that it drives the pawl 8, 28 against the ratchet wheel 6. Is the pawl 28 on a synonymously also as external toothing 7 be recorded tooth 7, the biasing spring 44a remains tensioned until the driving tool moves minimally and the pawl 28 falls into the next tooth gap. When the push rod 45 is withdrawn, the sliding shoe 24 is released and a second pressure spring 44b, also called spring 44b or biasing spring 44b, pulls the sliding shoe 24 back. The pawl 28 is lifted out of the ratchet wheel 6 due to the third compression spring 24c and the parking lock 5 is geöff net.

The possible embodiment shown in FIG. 19 in the non-actuated state of the parking lock 5 requires two compression springs 44a, 44b. A pretensioning spring 44a in the actuating element enables a tooth-to-tooth position on the pawl 28 when the actuating path of the push rod 45 is completely driven. The second compression spring 44b moves the slide shoe 24 and lifts the pawl 28 in the open state.

In addition, FIGS. 20 to 23 show various exemplary embodiments in which the sliding pivoting circuit 10 is actuated via a pinion 19a. In the example in FIG. 20, the actuator 2 drives a rotor shaft 4 with two pinions 19a, 19b, also referred to synonymously as gears 19a, 19b, which move a sliding pivoting circuit 10 and a toothed wheel rod 46 for actuating the parking lock device 5, also synonymous as parking lock 5 . So that the synchronization remains in its current position during the actuation of the parking lock 5, it may be necessary that the actuation movement of the parking lock 5 does not affect the sliding pivoting circuit 10 affects. Conversely, it may be necessary that the movement during the actuation of the sliding pivot circuit 10 has no effect on the position of the parking lock 5. In this example, the link 35 of the threaded sleeve 34 can receive a flat track area 36 with a slope of 0 mm / ° in order to compensate for the path of the parking lock 5. At the parking lock 5, the sliding shoe 24 can on the back of the pawl 8, also known as a pawl lever 8, without actuating the parking lock 5. Alternatively, a displaceable shaft or a displaceable pinion can be used, which is held in place on the housing when the drive gears are left.

In Fig. 21, an example is shown in which the sliding shoe 24 is connected to the actuating wheel 13 of the sliding pivoting circuit 10 by a connecting element, for example a pin 47. The sliding shoe 24 arranged in the arch moves with the actuating wheel 13. To compensate for the actuating travel of the parking lock 5, the link 35 in the threaded sleeve 34 of the sliding pivoting circuit 10 again has a flat track area 36, analogous to FIG. 20.

In Fig. 22 a combination of pinion and screw drive is shown. The parking lock 5 can be actuated via a threaded spindle 33, also referred to synonymously as spindle 33, and the sliding pivoting circuit 10, as described above, via a pinion 19a. The actuation movement of the sliding pivoting circuit 10 has no effect on the parking lock 5, since the sliding shoe 24 can slide on the back of the pawl 8.

In the example in Fig. 23, the same combination of pinion and threaded drive, as shown in Fig. 22, is used, but the slide shoe 24 of the parking lock 5 is operated via a ramp 41 on the threaded nut 21 and is operated during the operation of the slide pivot circuit 10 is held in the paused position by the flat part of the ramp 41.

In FIGS. 24 and 25 are examples with screw-driven Gleitschwenkschaltun gene 10 shown. The example shown in Fig. 24 uses a connecting element For example, a pin 47 to connect the threaded nut 21 and the sliding shoe 24 of the parking lock 5. The sliding pivoting circuit 10 can be used during actuation of the parking lock 5, as known from the previous examples, with a flat track area 36 in the threaded sleeve 34 or in the slide track 16 of the lever 23, as shown in FIG. 25, can be held in the stationary position. In the case of the game, which is shown in Fig. 25, the Verhar approximately positions can be secured by the scenes in the Flebeln for both components.

Bezuqszeichenliste gear and parking lock actuating device / electric motor actuating device / actuator first coupling mechanism rotor shaft parking lock device / parking pawl ratchet wheel external toothing / tooth ratchet lever / pawl gear ratio stage sliding pivot switching unit / sliding pivot switching axis of rotation second coupling mechanism actuating wheel sliding sleeve / sliding sleeve first gate device first gate / pinion track device second gear / pinion spindle drive spindle nut / threaded nut / nut toothing area connecting part / lever sliding shoe gear a first gear of the gear ratio stage b second gear wheel of the gear ratio stage gear shaft Pawl electric drive machine Drive unit Spring mechanism Link pin Spindle / threaded spindle Screw drive / threaded sleeve Guide track / gate Track area first travel range Second travel range Differential housing part Ramp housing Latching lever a first spring / first compression spring / first preload spring second spring / second compression spring / second preload spring c third spring / third compression spring / third preload spring Push rod gear rod pin

Claims

1. Transmission and parking lock actuation device (1) for a drive train of a motor vehicle, with an electric motor (2) and a parking lock device (5) coupled via a first coupling mechanism (3) to a rotor shaft (4) of the electric motor (2), wherein the Parking lock device (5) a ratchet wheel (6) and a ratchet lever (8) which cooperates with an external toothing (7) of the ratchet wheel (6) and can be pivoted in a radial direction of the ratchet wheel (6) and connected to the first coupling mechanism (3) ), characterized in that there is also a sliding pivot switch unit (10) designed for engaging and disengaging at least one gear ratio stage (9), the sliding pivot switch unit (10) having a rotatable about an axis of rotation (11) and a second one Coupling mechanism (12) with the rotor shaft (4) of the electric motor (2) coupled actuating wheel (13) and by rotating the actuating wheel of the (13) along the axis of rotation (11) displaceable face sliding sleeve (14).

2. Transmission and parking lock actuating device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the first coupling mechanism (3) and the second coupling mechanism (12) are designed and matched to one another in such a way that a switching state is in a first actuation area of the rotor shaft (4) the sliding pivot switching unit (10) remains unchanged when the parking lock device (5) is switched between its closed position and its open position and the open position of the parking lock device (5) in a second operating area of the rotor shaft (4) following the first actuation area switching of the sliding pivot switching unit (10) between at least two switching positions remains unchanged.

3. transmission and parking lock actuating device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first coupling mechanism (3) a Link device (15), wherein in a first path area (37) egg ner link path (16) of this link device (15) a pivoting of the pawl lever (8) relative to the ratchet wheel (6) to switch between tween the closed position and the open position the parking lock device (5) is achieved and the open position of the parking lock device (5) is permanently held in a second travel area (38) of the Ku lissen track (16) of this link device (15).

4. Transmission and parking lock actuating device (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the first travel range (37) of the slide track (16) of the first coupling mechanism (3) coincides with the first angle of rotation range.

5. Transmission and parking lock actuation device (1) according to one of Ansprü che 1 to 4, characterized in that the second coupling mechanism (12) has a link device (17), in a first Wegbe rich (37) of a link path (18) of this Link device (17) a switching state of the sliding sleeve (14) remains unchanged and the sliding sleeve (14) is adjusted between a first switching state and a second switching state in a second path area (38) of the slide track (18).

6. Transmission and parking lock actuation device (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the second travel range (38) of the link path (18) of the second coupling mechanism (12) corresponds to the second angle of rotation range.

7. transmission and parking lock actuating device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the rotor shaft (4) has at least one gear (19a, 19b) which has at least one gear (19a, 19b) with the first coupling mechanism (3) and / or the second coupling mechanism (12) cooperates.

8. transmission and parking lock actuation device (1) according to one of Ansprü che 1 to 6, characterized in that the rotor shaft (4) with a Spindle drive (20) is equipped, wherein a spindle nut (21) of the spindle drive (20) interacts with the first coupling mechanism (3) and / or the second coupling mechanism (12).

9. Transmission (25) for a hybrid or purely electrically driven motor vehicle, with at least one insertable and disengageable transmission ratio stage (9) and a transmission and parking lock actuation device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the sliding sleeve (14 ) the sliding pivot switching unit (10) is arranged coaxially to a gearwheel (26a, 26b) of the gear ratio stage (9) receiving the gear shaft (27).

10. Electric drive unit (30) for a hybrid or purely electrically powered motor vehicle, with a transmission (25) according to claim 9 and an electric drive machine (29), wherein the electric drive machine (29) is coupled to the transmission (25) on the input side .