CN102166964B - Parking device of electric automobile - Google Patents

Parking device of electric automobile Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102166964B
CN102166964B CN201110079872A CN201110079872A CN102166964B CN 102166964 B CN102166964 B CN 102166964B CN 201110079872 A CN201110079872 A CN 201110079872A CN 201110079872 A CN201110079872 A CN 201110079872A CN 102166964 B CN102166964 B CN 102166964B
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ratchet
parking
adapter plate
electronlmobil
parking device
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CN102166964A (en
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雷宇
陈勇
罗大国
范钰琢
赵福全
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Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co Ltd
Zhejiang Geely Automobile Research Institute Co Ltd
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Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co Ltd
Zhejiang Geely Automobile Research Institute Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a parking device of an electric automobile, belonging to the technical field of an automobile, and solving the problems that an existing electric parking brake is weaker in braking application force, poor in acting force stability, low in locking instantaneity, complex in structure, poor in assembly performance and integration performance, and the like. The parking device of the electric automobile comprises an mounting plate and a motor arranged on the mounting plate, wherein a parking gear is fixed around a wheel axle of the automobile, a pawl matched with the packing gear is arranged on the mounting plate, a control mechanism is arranged between the motor and the pawl, and the pawl is driven by the motor through the control mechanism to swing, so that the mode that a working end of the pawl is embedded into parking gear teeth and the mode that the working end of the pawl is departed from the parking gear teeth can transform from each other. The parking device of the electric automobile is an electrical and mechanical integrated high-tech integration device, so that the device is high in technological content, simple, compact, safe and reliable in structure, high in transmission efficiency, timely in effect, good in effect, convenient to install, low in machining difficulty, and good in assembly technology.

Description

A kind of electronlmobil parking device
Technical field
The invention belongs to automobile technical field, relate to a kind of parking device, particularly a kind of electronlmobil parking device.
Background technology
Serious all the more along with world today's environmental pollution and energy scarcity two large problems; National governments have launched respectively and have promoted the preferential policy that ev industry is fast-developing; Each cart enterprise has also strengthened the input to electronlmobil production, research and development, has released many moneys electronlmobil.As the electronlmobil of energy-conserving and environment-protective, high-tech content, it is particularly important that its safety performance seems, strict all the more for the requirement that prevents safety device-parking device that vehicle slides.
For example, the Chinese patent document once disclosed a kind of electric parking brake [Chinese patent number: ZL200610140610.7; Granted publication number: CN1978259A], comprising: shell limits the appearance of Parking Brake; Drg, a side that is installed in shell is to carry out forward and oppositely directed rotation; Gear case assembly has gear to reduce the rotational force that is produced by actuator; Driven gear is arranged in the gear case assembly to transmit the rotational force that reduces; Axle has screw thread, and axle engages with driven gear; Nut has connecting pore to be screwed onto on the axle; Balancer, axle pass balancer and nut and rotatably insert and pass balancer; Brake pull cable is connected respectively to the opposite side of balancer, and each brake pull cable has first end and second end, and first end is formed with joint piece and is used for being connected with balancer, and second end is connected to a continuous wheel braking apparatus; And emergency release device, comprising at least one cam gear and at least one control lever, emergency release device is applicable in urgent release conditions and makes brake pull cable lax, thereby discharges Parking Brake.
Though above-mentioned electric parking brake is realized parking function through electric power source, it also has following shortcoming: this Parking Brake is through the braking of pulling drag-line control brake device middle gear engagement locking, make the braking application of force a little less than; The application force poor stability; The locking instantaneity is low, and complex structure, and part, number of components are various; Assembly, integration are poor, cause transmission assembly fitting work amount big; The entire mechanism arrangement space requires big; Assembly process process is poor, safety performance is low.
While provides the part positioning rail plate and the planar spring complex structure of gear perception in having similar parking device now, and the positioning rail plate needs smart dashing or partial metallurgy, manufacture difficulty height, supplier management complicacy; Can't guarantee that only according to the torsion spring moment of torsion stable ratchet returning place force makes its effect unreliable; Carry out the position limiting structure depression bar complex structure of bar assembly, and the assembly process process of Parking ratchet and diff is poor.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to have the problems referred to above to existing technology, proposed a kind of electromechanical integration and, and then control executing mechanism realizes in time, the electronlmobil parking device of actv. parking function by electronic source drive transmission device.
The object of the invention can be realized through following technical proposal: a kind of electronlmobil parking device; Comprise adapter plate and be located at the motor on the adapter plate; It is characterized in that; Circumferentially be fixed with the Parking gear on the axletree of described automobile; On described adapter plate, be provided with the ratchet that matches with above-mentioned Parking gear, be provided with control mechanism between described motor and the described ratchet, described motor drives described ratchet through this control mechanism and swings working end embedding that realizes described ratchet and the conversion between the dual mode that breaks away from described Parking gear tooth.
Be installed with electric machine support on the adapter plate in this electronlmobil parking device, motor is fixed on the electric machine support, and motor selects DC 12V small-sized DC motor for use, its can be directly with the storage battery of car load as power supply.Motor, control mechanism and ratchet etc. all parts all can be arranged in and form integratedly on the adapter plate of being processed by high tensile steel plate, and this adapter plate is integrated to be arranged in the case of transmission, through bolt adapter plate is assemblied on the boss in the housing; Perhaps this adapter plate is integrated is installed in the transmission case external and is furnished with protective case, wherein only the Parking gear is assemblied in the housing.This parking device can be through rotating corresponding control ratchet and the Parking gear meshing and the disengaging of motor.
In above-mentioned electronlmobil parking device, be fixed with the ratchet fixed mount on the described adapter plate, described ratchet is articulated on the above-mentioned ratchet fixed mount; And ratchet is L-shaped; The one of which end is the working end, and the other end is a coupling end, and described ratchet runs through above-mentioned adapter plate; The working end of described ratchet is in the below of adapter plate, and the coupling end of described ratchet is in the top of adapter plate.The ratchet fixed mount is riveted on the lower surface of adapter plate, and offers hinge hole on the ratchet fixed mount, and ratchet is worn and is rotatably connected on the hinge hole by bolt.Offer port on the adapter plate, ratchet passes port and swing displacement that can push-and-pull is ordered about before and after the port Nei Fashengyin control mechanism.
In above-mentioned electronlmobil parking device, have an elbow on the working end of said ratchet, described elbow is used for embedding described Parking gear tooth.Be installed on the axletree with the engageable bonded assembly Parking of ratchet gear, and be positioned at ratchet under, ratchet descends its elbow reached position, back can be concordant with the tooth root place of Parking gear, historical facts or anecdotes meshes at present; Its elbow is higher than the tooth top of Parking gear after the ratchet lifting, and historical facts or anecdotes breaks away from present fully.
In above-mentioned electronlmobil parking device; Described control mechanism comprises an actuator and a transmission component; Described transmission component is connected with described actuator with the coupling end of described ratchet respectively; The rotating shaft of described motor drives described actuator and moves back and forth, and through described transmission component the coupling end of described ratchet is moved back and forth.
In above-mentioned electronlmobil parking device; Described machine shaft is connected with a rhizoid bar; Described actuator is made up of a sliding sleeve cylindraceous and a connecting arm that is connected in the sliding sleeve outside; Described sliding sleeve is threaded on the described screw mandrel, and above-mentioned connecting arm is connected with above-mentioned transmission component.Machine shaft and screw mandrel form to be connected screw mandrel are rotated under driven by motor synchronously, and screw mandrel carries out sliding sleeve that rotating makes screw thread socket on it along the screw mandrel sway, and this translation motion is passed to transmission component through connecting arm.
In above-mentioned electronlmobil parking device; Described transmission component comprises a connecting rod and a slide block; One end and the described slide block of described connecting rod are hinged, and the other end links to each other with the coupling end of described ratchet, is socketed with spring on the described connecting rod; Roof pressure is on the coupling end of above-mentioned slide block and ratchet respectively at the two ends of spring, and described connecting arm is connected with described slide block mutually.Arc chute is offered in the below that is positioned at slide block on the adapter plate, and slide block can be done the translation that reciprocatingly slides along chute, thereby reduces the friction force of slide block in crank motion, has improved driving efficiency.Also be arranged with pipe box and back-up ring on the connecting rod, the two ends of the range of sizes that calculates at connecting rod simultaneously squeeze out 2 spacing points respectively, and between pipe box and back-up ring, and pipe box and back-up ring are close to the spacing point that the connecting rod two ends are located respectively with pressure mounting of the spring.One end of connecting rod is worn and is rotatably connected on the slide block by a set pin.
In above-mentioned electronlmobil parking device, the other end of described connecting rod is the coupling end that passes described ratchet, and is provided with on its top and prevents that connecting rod breaks away from the locating dowel pin of ratchet.Locating dowel pin radially runs through connecting rod, and the two ends of locating dowel pin all protrude in the connecting rod outer wall.
In above-mentioned electronlmobil parking device, described slide block is located on the described adapter plate, and also is provided with position sensor at the sidepiece of described adapter plate top shoe.Position sensor adopts hall element design to form, and its rigging position is realized Parking and two end positions that withdraw from Parking for the ratchet that calculates through practice.
In above-mentioned electronlmobil parking device, described position sensor is two travel switches, and is individually fixed in when described ratchet and is in and the Parking gear mesh pairing position of described slide block sidepiece when separating two states fully.Travel switch is through the induction end position that slide block arrived, and its automatic guidance cuts off the power supply automatically, prevents motor overload.
In above-mentioned electronlmobil parking device, also be fixed with two vertical supports that are provided with and are parallel to each other one and support two on the described adapter plate with adapter plate, described screw mandrel is located on above-mentioned support one and the support two.Support one passes through the riveted joint form fix on adapter plate with support two, and screw mandrel is played directional tagging, simultaneously motor is played a supporting role.
Compared with prior art, this electronlmobil parking device is the high-tech integrating device of electromechanical integration, and the normal power of its utilization electronlmobil is as drive source, through rotating control Parking and the realization and the conversion of withdrawing from two kinds of functions of Parking of motor.This device is high in technological content thus, and is simple in structure, compact and safe and reliable, simultaneously its not only driving efficiency is high, effect in time and effective, easy for installation, and difficulty of processing is low, assembly process process is good.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the perspective view of this electronlmobil parking device.
Fig. 2 is the sectional perspective structural representation of this electronlmobil parking device.
Fig. 3 is another part plan structural representation of this electronlmobil parking device.
Among the figure, 1, adapter plate; 1a, ratchet fixed mount; 1b, port; 1c, chute; 2, motor; 3, Parking gear; 4, ratchet; 4a, elbow; 5, screw mandrel; 6, sliding sleeve; 7, connecting arm; 8, connecting rod; 9, slide block; 10, spring; 11, locating dowel pin; 12, travel switch; 13, support one; 14, support two; 15, bolt; 16, pipe box; 17, back-up ring; 18, set pin.
The specific embodiment
Below be specific embodiment of the present invention and combine accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is done further to describe, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiment.
Like Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 3; This electronlmobil parking device comprises adapter plate 1 and is located at the motor 2 on the adapter plate 1; Circumferentially be fixed with Parking gear 3 on the axletree of automobile; Adapter plate 1 is provided with the ratchet 4 of the effect of can matching with Parking gear 3, and motor 2 drives ratchet 4 through a control mechanism and swings working end embedding that realizes ratchet 4 and the conversion between the dual mode that breaks away from Parking gear 3 gear teeth.
Motor 2 is selected the DC12V small-sized DC motor for use; And its can be directly with the storage battery of car load as power supply; The GES of being gathered through car load MCU is simultaneously realized the switching electric control to motor 2, promptly only detects the speed of a motor vehicle when 0Km/h or the speed of a motor vehicle are not more than 5Km/h at car speed sensor, and the circuit of motor 2 could path; And when the speed of a motor vehicle during greater than 5Km/h, 2 in motor can't start.In practical application in order to satisfy shift time in this requirement of 0.8s~1.2s; Confirm to select motor 2 rated speed of rotation in this interval of (700~900) rpm through calculating; Recording parking device entering Parking state simultaneously needs 0.85s, and withdrawing from the Parking state needs 1.1s.
The bore design of Parking gear 3 has female splines; The male splines of itself and axletree circumferentially meshes; Adopt 12 to be uniformly distributed with bolt and the axletree reducing gear is installed together simultaneously; The rotation synchronously along with the rotation of axletree, can guarantee simultaneously like this Parking gear 3 and axletree be connected effect axially and radial force intensity, prevent that Parking from making time spent Parking gear 3 and on axletree, taking place circumferentially to skid.
Adapter plate 1 is a flat board of being processed by high tensile steel plate, is installed with motor 2 supports on it, and motor 2 is fixed on motor 2 supports, and motor 2 is extended with rotating shaft and rotating shaft is fixed with a rhizoid bar 5.Also two vertical supports that are provided with and are parallel to each other 1 with adapter plate 1 and support 2 14 are arranged on the adapter plate 1 through the riveted joint form fix; Screw mandrel 5 is arranged on support 1 and the support 2 14 and support 1 and support 2 14 rotational motions relatively; Support 1 plays directional tagging with 2 14 pairs of screw mandrels 5 of support, simultaneously motor 2 is played a supporting role.
Offer port 1b on the adapter plate 1, the below of port 1b is provided with the ratchet fixed mount 1a that is riveted on adapter plate 1 lower surface, and offers hinge hole on the ratchet fixed mount 1a.L-shaped and its upper end of ratchet 4 is passed port 1b and can the swing displacement be taken place in port 1b, and its lower end wears and is rotatably connected on the hinge hole by bolt 15, and itself and ratchet fixed mount 1a formation are rotationally connected thus.The upper end of ratchet 4 is a coupling end, and the lower end is the working end, has down an elbow 4a on the termination of the lower end of its L shaped bending, and the dimensions of elbow 4a can embed in the gear teeth of Parking gear 3 just.
Between the motor on the adapter plate 12 and ratchet 4, the control mechanism that is connected both is set; Control mechanism comprises an actuator and a transmission component; Transmission component is connected with actuator with the coupling end of ratchet 4 respectively; The rotating shaft of motor 2 drives actuator and moves back and forth, and through transmission component the coupling end of described ratchet 4 is moved back and forth.Actuator is made up of with 7 of connecting arms that are connected in sliding sleeve 6 outsides a sliding sleeve 6 cylindraceous, and sliding sleeve 6 screw collars are connected on the screw mandrel 5, and connecting arm 7 is connected with transmission component.Transmission component comprises a connecting rod 8 and a slide block 9; One end of connecting rod 8 wears and is rotatably connected on the slide block 9 by a set pin 18; The other end of connecting rod 8 passes the coupling end of ratchet 4, and radially runs through a locating dowel pin 11 on its top, and the two ends of locating dowel pin 11 all protrude in connecting rod 8 outer walls; Make connecting rod 8 and ratchet 4 form the slip-off preventing clamping thus, the end face of slide block 9 and connecting arm 7 are connected.Arc chute 1c is offered in the below that is positioned at slide block 9 on the adapter plate 1, and slide block 9 can be done the translation that reciprocatingly slides along chute 1c, thereby reduces the friction force of slide block 9 in crank motion, has improved driving efficiency.Be arranged with pipe box 16, spring 10 and back-up ring 17 on the connecting rod 8 successively; The two ends difference roof pressure of spring 10 is on pipe box 16 and back-up ring 17; The two ends of the range of sizes that on connecting rod 8, calculates simultaneously squeeze out 2 spacing points respectively; Spring 10 is fitted between pipe box 16 and the back-up ring 17, and pipe box 16 is close to the spacing point that connecting rod 8 two ends are located respectively with back-up ring 17.In the Parking process, the elbow 4a on ratchet 4 working ends does not form engagement and embed just in the teeth groove on the tooth top that is resisted against Parking gear 3 after the decline; So ratchet 4 can't drop to lock position; Move after ratchet 4 upper end edge connecting rods 8 are sheathed, and compress pipe box 16 and force spring 10 to be compressed, force ratchet 4 elbow 4a to have downswing so spring 10 produces compression elasticities; When Parking gear 3 rotated, the elbow 4a of ratchet 4 just fell into automatically and forms the Parking of engagement locking in the adjacent teeth groove; And when the elbow 4a of ratchet 4 was relative with teeth groove just, ratchet 4 did not produce the displacement roof pressures to spring 10, and elbow 4a falls into the Parking of teeth groove completion locking smoothly.
Also be provided with the position sensor that adopts hall element design to form on the adapter plate 1; Position sensor is two travel switches 12; Two travel switches 12 are positioned at the side of slide block 9 reciprocal translation tracks, and its position is that two end positions at the ratchet 4 that calculates according to practice slide block 9 places when realizing Parkings and withdrawing from Parking confirm that travel switch 12 is through responding to the end position that slide block 9 is arrived; Its automatic guidance cuts off the power supply automatically, prevents motor 2 overloads.
Motor 2, control mechanism and ratchet 4 etc. all parts all can be arranged in form on the adapter plate 1 integrated; This will significantly reduce the work capacity of change-speed box assembling, thereby increase productivity, and during the change-speed box maintenance; Can adopt branch unit dismounting decomposed form, easy to maintenance.The integrated dual mode that adopts of this adapter plate is arranged: one, can adopt the conventional arrangements scheme, a whole set of parking device is arranged in the case of transmission, through bolt connecting mode, adapter plate 1 is assemblied on the boss in the housing; Two, this adapter plate is integrated is installed in the transmission case external and is furnished with protective case through bolted connection, wherein only Parking gear 3 is assemblied in the housing, will reduce widely like this taking of enclosure interior space, thereby greatly reduce the volume of change-speed box.On the mechanics part manufacturing process of a whole set of parking device very large advantage is arranged, need not complicated technology, its part manufacturing of comprehensive whole parking device only needs machinework and forging, need not smartly to dash, partial metallurgy etc., thus low cost of manufacture.
When the speed of a motor vehicle of the car speed sensor collection on the electronlmobil when 0Km/h or the speed of a motor vehicle are not more than 5Km/h, MCU control motor 2 circuit are connected, and in car, press the Parking button; Motor 2 beginning forward rotation drive screw mandrel 5 forward rotation through rotating shaft, the rotation screw thread of screw mandrel 5 are converted into self translation with the sliding sleeve 6 of screw mandrel 5 screws thread fit; And forwards move its this moment; And drive slide blocks 9 synchronously to front slide through connecting arm 7, and connecting rod 8 drives to the coupling end of ratchet 4 with the propelling thrust of slide block 9, and lean forward under promoting in ratchet 4 upper ends; Because ratchet 4 lower ends are hinged; So swing downwards the L shaped working end of lower end, until the teeth groove embedding engagement realization clamping locking of elbow 4a and Parking gear 3, this moment, slide block 9 slided the end position to the front portion in chute 1c; Travel switch 12 acquired signal are sensed the sync bit of slide block 9, and IMU is crossed MCU motor 2 is cut off the power supply automatically; In car, extract the Parking button, motor 2 beginning backward rotation drive screw mandrel 5 backward rotation through rotating shaft; With the sliding sleeve 6 of screw mandrel 5 screws thread fit the rotation screw thread of screw mandrel 5 is converted into the translation of self, and rearward moves its this moment, and slide backward through the connecting arm 7 synchronous slide blocks 9 that drive; Connecting rod 8 drives to the coupling end of ratchet 4 with the pulling force of slide block 9, and ratchet 4 upper ends are in pulling hypsokinesis down, owing to ratchet 4 lower ends are hinged; So swing to the top the L shaped working end of lower end; Drive elbow 4a lifting and break away from Parking gear 3 fully and realize discharging clamping, this moment, slide block 9 slided the end position to the rear portion in chute 1c, and travel switch 12 acquired signal are sensed the sync bit of slide block 9; IMU is crossed MCU motor 2 is cut off the power supply automatically, breaks away from the Parking shelves thus.
Specific embodiment described herein only is that spirit of the present invention is made casehistory.Person of ordinary skill in the field of the present invention can make various modifications or replenishes or adopt similar mode to substitute described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the defined scope of appended claims.
Although this paper has used adapter plate 1 morely; Ratchet fixed mount 1a; Port 1b; Chute 1c; Motor 2; Parking gear 3; Ratchet 4; Elbow 4a; Screw mandrel 5; Sliding sleeve 6; Connecting arm 7; Connecting rod 8; Slide block 9; Spring 10; Locating dowel pin 11; Travel switch 12; Support 1; Support 2 14; Bolt 15; Pipe box 16; Back-up ring 17; Set pin 18 terms such as grade, but do not get rid of the possibility of using other term.Using these terms only is in order to describe and explain essence of the present invention more easily; It all is contrary with spirit of the present invention being construed to any additional restriction to them.

Claims (10)

1. electronlmobil parking device; Comprise adapter plate (1) and be located at the motor (2) on the adapter plate (1); It is characterized in that; Circumferentially be fixed with Parking gear (3) on the axletree of described automobile; On described adapter plate (1), be provided with the ratchet (4) that matches with above-mentioned Parking gear (3), be provided with control mechanism between described motor (2) and the described ratchet (4), described motor (2) drives described ratchet (4) through this control mechanism and swings working end embedding that is implemented in described ratchet (4) and the conversion between the dual mode that breaks away from described Parking gear (3) gear teeth.
2. electronlmobil parking device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is fixed with ratchet fixed mount (1a) on the described adapter plate (1); Described ratchet (4) is articulated on the above-mentioned ratchet fixed mount (1a), and ratchet (4) is L-shaped, and the one of which end is the working end; The other end is a coupling end; Described ratchet (4) runs through above-mentioned adapter plate (1), and the working end of described ratchet (4) is in the below of adapter plate (1), and the coupling end of described ratchet (4) is in the top of adapter plate (1).
3. electronlmobil parking device according to claim 2 is characterized in that, has an elbow (4a) on the working end of said ratchet (4), and described elbow (4a) is used for embedding described Parking gear (3) gear teeth.
4. electronlmobil parking device according to claim 2; It is characterized in that; Described control mechanism comprises an actuator and a transmission component; Described transmission component is connected with described actuator with the coupling end of described ratchet (4) respectively, and the rotating shaft of described motor (2) drives described actuator and moves back and forth, and through described transmission component the coupling end of described ratchet (4) is moved back and forth.
5. electronlmobil parking device according to claim 4; It is characterized in that; Described motor (2) rotating shaft is connected with a rhizoid bar (5); Described actuator is made up of a sliding sleeve cylindraceous (6) and the connecting arm (7) that is connected in sliding sleeve (6) outside, and described sliding sleeve (6) is threaded on the described screw mandrel (5), and above-mentioned connecting arm (7) is connected with above-mentioned transmission component.
6. electronlmobil parking device according to claim 5; It is characterized in that described transmission component comprises a connecting rod (8) and a slide block (9), an end of described connecting rod (8) and described slide block (9) are hinged; The other end links to each other with the coupling end of described ratchet (4); Be socketed with spring (10) on the described connecting rod (8), roof pressure is on the coupling end of above-mentioned slide block (9) and ratchet (4) respectively at the two ends of spring (10), and described connecting arm (7) is connected with described slide block (9) mutually.
7. electronlmobil parking device according to claim 6 is characterized in that, the other end of described connecting rod (8) is the coupling end that passes described ratchet (4), and is provided with on its top and prevents that connecting rod (8) breaks away from the locating dowel pin (11) of ratchet (4).
8. according to claim 6 or 7 described electronlmobil parking devices, it is characterized in that described slide block (9) is located on the described adapter plate (1), and also be provided with position sensor at the sidepiece of described adapter plate (1) top shoe (9).
9. electronlmobil parking device according to claim 8; It is characterized in that; Described position sensor is two travel switches (12), and is individually fixed in when described ratchet (4) and is in and Parking gear (3) the engagement pairing position of described slide block (9) sidepiece when separating two states fully.
10. electronlmobil parking device according to claim 5; It is characterized in that; Also be fixed with two vertical supports that are provided with and are parallel to each other (13) with adapter plate (1) and support two (14) on the described adapter plate (1), described screw mandrel (5) is located on above-mentioned support one (13) and the support two (14).
CN201110079872A 2011-03-31 2011-03-31 Parking device of electric automobile Active CN102166964B (en)

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