WO2021063136A1 - 一种数据驱动的高精度组合导航数据融合方法 - Google Patents
一种数据驱动的高精度组合导航数据融合方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021063136A1 WO2021063136A1 PCT/CN2020/111697 CN2020111697W WO2021063136A1 WO 2021063136 A1 WO2021063136 A1 WO 2021063136A1 CN 2020111697 W CN2020111697 W CN 2020111697W WO 2021063136 A1 WO2021063136 A1 WO 2021063136A1
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- integrated navigation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
- G01C21/005—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 with correlation of navigation data from several sources, e.g. map or contour matching
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
- G01C21/10—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration
- G01C21/12—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration executed aboard the object being navigated; Dead reckoning
- G01C21/16—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration executed aboard the object being navigated; Dead reckoning by integrating acceleration or speed, i.e. inertial navigation
- G01C21/183—Compensation of inertial measurements, e.g. for temperature effects
- G01C21/188—Compensation of inertial measurements, e.g. for temperature effects for accumulated errors, e.g. by coupling inertial systems with absolute positioning systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
- G01C21/10—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration
- G01C21/12—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration executed aboard the object being navigated; Dead reckoning
- G01C21/16—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration executed aboard the object being navigated; Dead reckoning by integrating acceleration or speed, i.e. inertial navigation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
- G01C21/20—Instruments for performing navigational calculations
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the field of integrated navigation and multi-source data fusion, and specifically relates to a data-driven high-precision integrated navigation data method.
- Navigation and positioning are widely used in the fields of national defense, industry and agriculture, such as satellite navigation, inertial navigation, visual navigation and LiDAR. Since a single navigation system is often unable to handle navigation problems in complex environments, the application needs to be based on multiple sources. Integrated navigation system with sensors. In particular, new navigation and positioning applications represented by unmanned driving have extremely demanding requirements on the robustness and intelligence of the navigation system, and multi-source integrated navigation has become the preferred solution.
- the nonlinear filtering technology represented by extended Kalman filter (EKF) is widely used in the field of integrated navigation, and the combined filtering of the nonlinear filtering model can be satisfied by linearizing the model function at the model prediction point.
- EKF extended Kalman filter
- EKF Error Kalman Filter
- CKF volumetric Kalman filter
- the estimation of CKF is often too optimistic, that is, its variance value is too small.
- the prior art does not consider the influence of the nonlinearity of the measurement model on the filter update, and assumes that the second moment of the random variable in the Gaussian approximation process can be accurately matched, ignoring the influence of the system uncertainty on the state estimation model.
- the present invention proposes a data-driven high-precision integrated navigation data fusion method, which approximates model errors based on IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) raw data, realizes accurate estimation of integrated system navigation parameters, and improves The robustness of the CKF combined filtering algorithm is improved.
- IMU Inertial Measurement Unit
- a data-driven high-precision integrated navigation data fusion method When the integrated navigation system is working normally, the navigation parameters and sampling points are recursively updated based on the data of multi-source heterogeneous sensors; when the integrated navigation system is interfered, the sampling point error propagation model The integrated navigation system is provided with continuous auxiliary measurement updates, and the sampling point error propagation model uses an extreme learning machine combined with the original data of the inertial measurement unit to update the sampling points.
- the input of the extreme learning machine is the priori prediction distribution information of the state model, the output angle increment of the sky gyro and the travel direction ratio, and the output is the posterior sampling point error matrix.
- the prior prediction distribution information includes a sampling point prediction error matrix with
- state prior distribution and likelihood function are calculated by using Gaussian process integral moment matching GPQMT.
- the input parameter frequency of the extreme learning machine is asynchronous data
- the output parameter frequency can be selected as any one of the input parameter frequencies.
- H ⁇ ⁇
- ⁇ ( ⁇ 1 ,..., ⁇ M ) is the weight connecting the hidden layer nodes with the network output
- ⁇ ( ⁇ 1 ... ⁇ N ) is the sample Output variables:
- the training process of the extreme learning machine keeps the randomly generated initial input weights and biases unchanged.
- the present invention provides a data-driven high-precision integrated navigation data fusion method, which has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:
- the present invention proposes a sampling point prediction error generation method based on Gaussian process integral moment matching (GPQMT), which improves the sampling point generation during the training process of the sampling point error propagation model The quality of the state prior distribution and the variance estimation accuracy of the likelihood function are further improved.
- GPQMT Gaussian process integral moment matching
- the present invention proposes a data-driven transformation of the sampling point error matrix to update the sampling points, which improves the efficiency of non-linear measurement updates and improves the state posterior distribution Update frequency.
- the present invention obtains the sampling point prediction error matrix with The output angle increment of the sky gyro in the integrated navigation system and the specific force of the carrier travel direction are used as the input variables of the sampling point error propagation model, which realizes the direct coupling of the sampling point update and the unobservable state quantity, and the system model moment is directly based on the sensor data
- the approximation of the matching error improves the robustness of the parameterized model of the integrated navigation system.
- Figure 1 is a flow chart of data-driven sampling point update of the present invention
- Fig. 2 is a flowchart of sampling point error conversion based on ELM of the present invention.
- a data-driven high-precision integrated navigation data fusion method When the integrated navigation system is working normally, the navigation parameters and sampling points are recursively updated based on the data of multi-source heterogeneous sensors; when the integrated navigation system is interfered, the Gaussian process is used to achieve the combination
- the process of the data-driven transformation of the sampling point error matrix includes: After the integrated navigation system is powered on, it is performed at time t k ⁇ t n Fitting of the sampling point error propagation model; when t k > t n , the model error is approximated based on the original IMU data, and the sampling point error matrix is predicted.
- Step (1) sampling point prediction error matrix calculation
- the volume point vector ⁇ k is initialized by the CKF sampling point generation method, and the integrated navigation system function f(x k-1 ) and the measurement function h(x k ) Is calculated to obtain the sampling point prediction matrix with Then, get the state prior distribution based on GPQMT
- the kernel function of the a-th dimension state variable propagated through f(x k-1 );
- the off-diagonal element of the posterior variance is calculated
- the variance of the system noise w k is Q k , then That is, the diagonal elements of the posterior variance are generated, and the posterior variance generated based on GPQMT can be obtained by comprehensive formula (5).
- the kernel function of the a-th dimension state variable of h(x k) Is the hyperparameter of the kernel function, which represents the signal variance of the a-th dimension state variable.
- the estimated value of the posterior moment predicted by h(x k) can be obtained, and then the measurement The variance of noise R k can be obtained.
- Step (2) training and prediction of sampling point error propagation model
- the predicted covariance matrix of the joint probability distribution of navigation parameters are P k
- IMU Inertial measurement unit
- the sampling point error matrix is predicted, and the steps are shown by the dotted line in Figure 2: 1) As the input variable of the prediction model, the posterior propagation error matrix of the sampling point at time t k is predicted The subscript s2 indicates that the current error matrix is the posterior information of the prediction phase; 2) The mean and variance of the posterior distribution of the state variable calculated by CKF are P k
- ELM extreme learning machine
- ⁇ i is the network output weight
- ⁇ i is the input weight connecting the input variable and the hidden layer node
- b i is the bias
- the ELM training process keeps the randomly generated initial input weights and biases unchanged.
- H + is the generalized inverse of matrix H .
- the output angle increment of the sky gyro in the integrated navigation system and the specific force of the carrier travel direction are used as the input variables of the sampling point error propagation model, which realizes the direct coupling between the sampling point update and the unobservable state quantity, and the system model is directly based on the sensor data (System function f(x k-1 ) and measurement function h(x k ))
- System function f(x k-1 ) and measurement function h(x k ) The approximation of the moment matching error improves the robustness of the parameterized model of the integrated navigation system.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Navigation (AREA)
- Gyroscopes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (8)
- 一种数据驱动的高精度组合导航数据融合方法,其特征在于:组合导航系统正常工作时,基于多源异构传感器数据进行导航参数和采样点递推更新;当组合导航系统受到干扰时,采样点误差传播模型给组合导航系统提供连续的辅助量测更新,所述采样点误差传播模型采用极限学习机结合惯性测量单元的原始数据进行采样点更新。
- 根据权利要求1所述的数据驱动的高精度组合导航数据融合方法,其特征在于:所述极限学习机的输入为状态模型的先验预测分布信息、天向陀螺输出角增量和行进方向比力,输出为后验采样点误差阵。
- 根据权利要求4或5所述的数据驱动的高精度组合导航数据融合方法,其特征在于:所述状态先验分布和似然函数采用高斯过程积分矩匹配GPQMT计算得到。
- 根据权利要求2所述的数据驱动的高精度组合导航数据融合方法,其特征在于:所述极限学习机的输入参数频率是异步数据,输出参数频率可选为输入参数频率的任意一种。
- 根据权利要求1所述的数据驱动的高精度组合导航数据融合方法,其特征在于:所述采样点误差传播模型的训练过程为:设 为输入变量,γ=1,…,2n, 为输出变量;其中 为k时刻天向陀螺输出角增量, 为k时刻载体行进方向比力输出, 均为采样点预测误差阵,n为组合导航系统状态维数;采样点误差传播模型采用如下形式: 其中ρ i为网络输出权值,N=2n为CKF采样点个数,φ i为连接输入变量和隐层节点的输入权值,b i为偏置,M为隐层节点的个数;上式写成矩阵形式有Hρ=Π,其中ρ=(ρ 1,…,ρ M)为连接隐层节点与网络输出的权值,Π=(Π 1 … Π N)为样本输出变量:极限学习机训练过程保持随机产生的初始输入权值和偏置不变,未知的网络输出权值ρ通过求解最小均方误差下的解ρ=H +Π得到,其中H +为矩阵H的广义逆。
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| CN110702095B (zh) | 2022-09-16 |
| GB2591954B (en) | 2022-02-09 |
| CN110702095A (zh) | 2020-01-17 |
| GB2591954A (en) | 2021-08-11 |
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