WO2021051620A1 - 螺旋式自动扶梯的梯级驱动装置及螺旋式自动扶梯 - Google Patents

螺旋式自动扶梯的梯级驱动装置及螺旋式自动扶梯 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021051620A1
WO2021051620A1 PCT/CN2019/118660 CN2019118660W WO2021051620A1 WO 2021051620 A1 WO2021051620 A1 WO 2021051620A1 CN 2019118660 W CN2019118660 W CN 2019118660W WO 2021051620 A1 WO2021051620 A1 WO 2021051620A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sprocket
tread
shaft
chain
teeth
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PCT/CN2019/118660
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
应书勇
庞骋
符立峰
李春福
Original Assignee
苏州江南嘉捷电梯有限公司
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Publication of WO2021051620A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021051620A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B23/00—Component parts of escalators or moving walkways
    • B66B23/02—Driving gear
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B23/00—Component parts of escalators or moving walkways
    • B66B23/08—Carrying surfaces

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of escalators, in particular to a step drive device of a spiral escalator and a spiral escalator including the step drive device.
  • the working mode and functional components of the spiral escalator are similar to those of the linear escalator.
  • Spiral escalators can provide passengers with upward or downward services.
  • the handrails and steps run along a spiral track.
  • the step drive In order for the spiral step to turn sideways while advancing, the step drive must provide two different operating speeds for the inner ring and the outer ring of the step.
  • the present invention provides a step drive device suitable for spiral escalators.
  • a step drive device of a spiral escalator comprising a main drive shaft, step sprocket wheels fixed at both ends of the main drive shaft, and a drive motor for driving the step sprocket to rotate.
  • the step sprocket includes a first The stepped sprocket and the second stepped sprocket, the stepped sprocket is provided with a stepped shaft, the diameter of the first stepped sprocket is larger than the diameter of the second stepped sprocket, the main drive shaft is arranged horizontally, and the stepped shaft and The main drive shaft is arranged at an included angle.
  • the initial power of the two cascade chains comes from the same main drive shaft, so that they can start and stop stepping, ensuring the safety of the elevator; by adjusting the diameter of the step sprocket pitch circle to achieve different running speeds of the spiral step inner ring and outer ring ,
  • the structure is simple and easy to realize; and the main drive shaft is set horizontally, the drive mode and installation type are similar to ordinary escalators, the technology is mature, and the use is safe.
  • the number of teeth on the first step sprocket and the second step sprocket are the same, but the tooth pitch is different; or, the tooth pitch on the first step sprocket and the second step sprocket are the same, but the number of teeth is different; or , The tooth pitch and the number of teeth on the first step sprocket and the second step sprocket are different.
  • Various methods are used to change the diameters of the first step sprocket and the second step sprocket to achieve a more ideal speed difference and meet the requirements of spiral escalators.
  • the step shaft has an inner end and an outer end, and the distance between the inner ends of the adjacent step shafts is smaller than the distance between the corresponding outer ends of the adjacent step shafts.
  • the inner end of the stepped shaft is lower than the outer end of the stepped shaft.
  • the outer end and inner end of the step shaft are located in the same vertical plane, and the outer end of the step shaft is higher than the inner end of the step shaft, so that an inclined angle is formed between the step shaft and the tread, so that the step is moving forward At the same time, it can turn sideways and keep the step treads level all the time in the working section.
  • the vertical plane on which the axis of the step shaft is located is parallel to the vertical plane on which the front end of the corresponding step tread is located. That is, from the top view of the steps, the step shaft is parallel to the front end of the tread, so when designing the drive device, the main drive shaft can be set to a horizontal state, the structure is more stable, and the operation is more stable.
  • the treads of the steps are arranged horizontally, and the main drive shaft is arranged in parallel with the treads of the steps.
  • the adjacent steps are connected by a step chain
  • the step chain includes an inner ring step chain and an outer ring step chain
  • the first step sprocket is used to drive the outer ring step chain to run
  • the second The step sprocket is used to drive the step chain of the inner ring to run. Due to the different diameters of the two cascade sprockets, the speed of the outer cascade chain is faster than that of the inner cascade chain, so that the outer ring and the inner ring of the cascade obtain two different running speeds respectively.
  • the pitch of the inner ring step chain is smaller than the pitch of the outer ring step chain.
  • the distance is the distance between two adjacent chain links on the step chain. Since the distance between the inner ends of the adjacent step shafts is smaller than the distance between the outer ends of the adjacent step shafts, it can be correspondingly
  • the pitch of the step chain of the inner ring is set to be smaller than the pitch of the step chain of the outer ring.
  • a drive sprocket is connected to the second step sprocket, and a main drive chain is provided between the drive motor and the drive sprocket.
  • the number of teeth on the first step sprocket and the second step sprocket are the same, but the pitch is different; or, the number of teeth on the first step sprocket and the second step sprocket are the same, and the number of teeth is the same.
  • the step shaft has an inner end and an outer end, adjacent to the inner end of the step shaft The distance between is smaller than the distance between the outer ends of the corresponding adjacent step shafts; the inner end of the step shaft is lower than the outer end of the step shaft; the axis of the step shaft is located The vertical plane is parallel to the vertical plane corresponding to the front end of the step tread; the tread of the step is arranged horizontally, and the main drive shaft is arranged parallel to the tread of the step; the adjacent steps pass through the step chain Connected, the step chain includes an inner ring step chain and an outer ring step chain, the first step sprocket is used to drive the outer ring step chain to run, and the second step sprocket is used to drive the inner ring step The chain runs; the pitch of the inner ring step chain is smaller than the pitch of the outer ring step chain; the second step sprocket is connected
  • the present invention also provides a spiral escalator, which includes the step drive device of the spiral escalator and the step structure of the spiral escalator and other components that can be obtained according to conventional means in the field.
  • the step structure includes a plurality of steps, a step shaft arranged on the step, and a step chain for driving the step shaft to run.
  • the step includes a tread surface, a kick surface, an inner end plate and an outer end plate, and the step chain Including inner ring step chain and outer ring step chain.
  • the tread of the step is of fan-ring type, the radius corresponding to the inner ring of the tread is smaller than the radius corresponding to the outer ring of the tread, and the step shaft has an inner end and an outer end adjacent to each other.
  • the distance between the inner ends of the step shafts is smaller than the distance between the outer ends of the adjacent step shafts, and the step chain is a sleeve roller chain.
  • the sleeve roller chain is a limited three-dimensional chain, which can be bent in a small range in the lateral direction.
  • the structure realization technology is relatively mature and the reliability is high.
  • the outer ring moves longer than the inner ring when the steps rotate, and the fan-ring type step treads are used to make the two sides of the steps have different moving speeds. , Using the speed difference to make the steps turn sideways when advancing to meet the spiral motion requirements.
  • the inner end plate and the outer end plate are respectively provided with an inner support hole and an outer support hole corresponding to the step shaft, and the axis line of the inner support hole and the axis line of the outer support hole are located in the same vertical plane
  • the inner and the vertical plane is perpendicular to the tread surface, and the height of the outer supporting hole is higher than that of the inner supporting hole. That is, the outer end and inner end of the step shaft are located in the same vertical plane, and the outer end of the step shaft is higher than the inner end of the step shaft, so that an inclined angle is formed between the step shaft and the tread surface, so that the step is in While advancing, it can turn sideways and keep the step treads level in the working section.
  • the center of the circle corresponding to the inner ring of the tread coincides with the center of the circle corresponding to the outer ring of the tread. That is, the tread teeth or tread tooth grooves on the tread belong to a section of the circumference of multiple concentric circles, but the closer to the outer end, the longer the circumference. In some other embodiments, the center of the circle may be approximately coincident.
  • the vertical plane on which the axis of the step shaft is located is parallel to the vertical plane on which the front end of the tread is located. That is, from the top view of the steps, the step shaft is parallel to the front end of the tread, so when designing the drive device, the main drive shaft can be set to a horizontal state, the structure is more stable, and the operation is more stable.
  • the cross section of the skirting surface is arc-shaped, and the radius corresponding to the arc of the skirting surface inner ring is smaller than the radius of the arc corresponding to the skirting surface outer ring. That is, the kicking teeth of the steps are composed of a set of arc-shaped curves with unequal radii.
  • the pitch of the inner ring step chain is smaller than the pitch of the outer ring step chain.
  • the pitch is the distance between two adjacent chain links on the step chain. Since the distance between the inner ends of the adjacent step shafts is smaller than the distance between the outer ends of the adjacent step shafts, it can be correspondingly
  • the pitch of the step chain of the inner ring is smaller than the pitch of the step chain of the outer ring.
  • the inner end plate and the outer end plate are respectively provided with an inner support shaft and an outer support shaft for installing step rollers, and the distance between the outer support hole and the outer support shaft is greater than that between the inner support hole and the inner support shaft.
  • the distance between the support shafts, the axis line of the outer support shaft is slightly higher than the axis line of the inner support shaft or is flush with the axis line of the inner support shaft.
  • the tread surface is provided with tread teeth matching the upper comb plate and the lower comb plate, and tread teeth grooves are formed between adjacent tread teeth; the tread surface is provided with kick teeth , A kicking tooth groove is formed between the adjacent kicking teeth.
  • part of the tread teeth extend to the side away from the kicking surface to form a limiting portion, and the limiting portion is accommodated in the grooves of the rising surface of the corresponding step; and adjacent limiting portions are formed Restricting grooves, the skirting teeth are accommodated in the restricting grooves of the corresponding steps. That is to say, a mutual limit function is formed between adjacent steps to maintain the stability of the steps during operation, and the tread needs to cooperate with the upper comb plate and the lower comb plate.
  • the tread of the step is a fan ring type, the inner ring of the tread has a smaller radius than the outer ring of the tread, and the step shaft has an inner end and an outer end.
  • the distance between the inner ends of the adjacent step shafts is smaller than the distance between the outer ends of the adjacent step shafts
  • the step chain is a sleeve roller chain; the inner end plate and the outer end The plate is respectively provided with an inner support hole and an outer support hole corresponding to the step shaft, the axis line of the inner support hole and the axis line of the outer support hole are located in the same vertical plane and the vertical plane is perpendicular to the tread ,
  • the height of the outer support hole is higher than the inner support hole;
  • the center of the circle corresponding to the inner ring of the tread coincides with the center of the circle corresponding to the outer ring of the tread;
  • the straight plane is parallel to the vertical plane where the front end of the tread is located;
  • the cross section of the kick surface is arc-shaped, and
  • the present invention is beneficial in that: the step drive device of a spiral escalator of the present invention has a reasonable structure design, and the initial power of the two step chains comes from the same main drive shaft, so that both It can start and stop steps to ensure the safety of taking the elevator; by adjusting the diameter of the step sprocket pitch circle to realize the different running speeds of the spiral step inner ring and outer ring, the structure is simple and easy to realize; and the main drive shaft is set horizontally to drive
  • the method and installation type are similar to ordinary escalators.
  • the technology is mature and safe to use. It is suitable for any spiral escalator with left-handed or right-handed ascent.
  • Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a spiral escalator in a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is an enlarged view of part I in Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic top view of the step drive device of the spiral escalator in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of A-A in Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the ladder work of the spiral escalator in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a front view of the steps of the spiral escalator in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a top view of the steps of the spiral escalator in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a side view of the steps of the spiral escalator in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a perspective view of the steps of the spiral escalator in the preferred embodiment of the present invention from a first perspective;
  • Figure 10 is a perspective view of the steps in Figure 9 with the step shaft and roller hidden behind;
  • Figure 11 is a perspective view of the steps of the spiral escalator in the preferred embodiment of the present invention from a second perspective;
  • Figure 12 is a perspective view of steps in a spiral escalator in another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a top view of the horizontal section of the stairway in the spiral escalator in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a side view of the horizontal section of the stairway in the spiral escalator in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 15 is a perspective view of the inclined section of the spiral escalator in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the spiral escalator of this embodiment includes a step structure, a driving device adapted to the step structure, and some other adaptable parts in the prior art such as upper comb plate 1, lower comb Tooth plate 7, apron plate 2, armrest belt 23, etc.
  • the step structure of the spiral escalator in this embodiment includes a plurality of steps 3, a step shaft 6 arranged on the step 3, and a step chain for driving the step shaft 6 to operate.
  • the step 3 includes a tread 8, a riser 9 and an inner surface.
  • the step chain includes an inner ring step chain 4 and an outer ring step chain 5.
  • the tread 8 of the step 3 is a fan ring type, and the inner ring of the tread 8 corresponds to a radius smaller than the outer ring of the tread 8.
  • the step shaft 6 has an inner end and an outer end.
  • the distance between the inner ends of adjacent step shafts 6 is smaller than the distance between the outer ends of adjacent step shafts 6, as shown in Figures 13 and 15. Show.
  • the step chain in this embodiment uses a sleeve roller chain, which is a limited three-dimensional chain that can be bent to a small extent in the lateral direction, and the structure realization technology is relatively mature and highly reliable.
  • the tread 8 is provided with tread teeth 101 matching the upper comb plate 1 and the lower comb plate 7, and tread teeth 111 are formed between the adjacent tread teeth 101; the tread 9 is provided with kick teeth 102.
  • a kicking tooth groove 112 is formed between adjacent kicking teeth 102.
  • Part of the tread teeth 101 extends to the side away from the kick surface 9 to form a limiting portion 161, which is received in the kick surface tooth groove 112 of the corresponding step 3; a limiting groove is formed between adjacent limiting portions 161 162, the kick surface tooth 102 is accommodated in the limiting groove 162 of the corresponding step 3. That is, the adjacent steps 3 form a mutual limit function to maintain the stability of the steps 3 during operation, and the tread 8 needs to cooperate with the upper comb plate 1 and the lower comb plate 7.
  • the center of the circle corresponding to the inner circle of the tread 8 coincides with the center of the circle corresponding to the outer circle of the tread 8, but the radii corresponding to the two circles are different, as shown in FIG. 7. That is, the tread teeth 101 or tread tooth grooves 111 on the tread 8 belong to a section of the circumference of multiple concentric circles, but the closer to the outer end, the longer the circumference. In some other embodiments, the center of the circle may be approximately coincident.
  • the cross section of the kicking surface 9 is arc-shaped, and the radius R3 corresponding to the arc of the inner ring of the kicking surface 9 is smaller than the radius R4 corresponding to the arc of the outer ring of the kicking surface 9, as shown in FIG. 8. That is, the skirt teeth 102 of the step 3 are composed of a set of arc-shaped curves with unequal radii.
  • the inner end plate 151 and the outer end plate 152 are respectively provided with an inner support hole 141 and an outer support hole 142 corresponding to the step shaft 6, the axis of the inner support hole 141 and the outer support hole 142
  • the axis line of ⁇ is located in the same vertical plane and the vertical plane is perpendicular to the tread surface 8, and the height of the outer support hole 142 is higher than that of the inner support hole 141.
  • the outer end and the inner end of the step shaft 6 are located in the same vertical plane, and the outer end of the step shaft 6 is higher than the inner end of the step shaft 6, so that a slant is formed between the step shaft 6 and the tread 8
  • the angle enables the step 3 to turn sideways while advancing and keeps the step tread 8 always level in the working section.
  • the vertical plane where the axis of the step shaft 6 is located is parallel to the vertical plane where the front end of the tread 8 is located. That is, from the top view of the step 3, the step shaft 6 is parallel to the front end of the tread 8.
  • the main drive shaft 17 can be set to a horizontal state, the structure is more stable, and the operation is more stable.
  • the pitch of the step chain 4 of the inner ring is smaller than the pitch of the step chain 5 of the outer ring.
  • Pitch is the distance between two adjacent chain links on a step chain. Since the distance between the inner ends of adjacent step shafts 6 is smaller than the distance between the outer ends of adjacent step shafts 6, it can be set accordingly The pitch of the inner ring step chain 4 is smaller than the pitch of the outer ring step chain 5.
  • the inner end plate 151 and the outer end plate 152 are respectively provided with an inner support shaft 131 and an outer support shaft 132 for installing the step roller 12, and the distance between the outer support hole 142 and the outer support shaft 132 is greater than that of the inner support shaft 132.
  • the distance between the support hole 141 and the inner support shaft 131 is that the axis of the outer support shaft 132 is slightly higher than the axis of the inner support shaft 131 or is flush with the axis of the inner support shaft 131.
  • the stepped drive device in this embodiment includes a main drive shaft 17, a step sprocket fixed at both ends of the main drive shaft 17, and a drive motor 18 for driving the step sprocket to rotate.
  • the step sprocket includes a first step sprocket 21 and
  • the second step sprocket 22 is connected to the second step sprocket 22 with a drive sprocket 20, and a main drive chain 19 is provided between the drive motor 18 and the drive sprocket 20.
  • the diameter of the first step sprocket 21 is larger than the diameter of the second step sprocket 22, the main drive shaft 17 is arranged horizontally, and the step shaft 6 and the main drive shaft 17 are arranged at an angle.
  • the first step sprocket 21 is used to drive the outer ring step chain 5 to run
  • the second step sprocket 22 is used to drive the inner ring step chain 4 to run. Due to the different diameters of the two step sprockets, the outer ring step chain 5 is faster than the inner ring step chain 4, so that the outer ring and the inner ring of the steps have two different running speeds, the inner ring is slow and the outer ring is fast.
  • the first step sprocket 21 and the second step sprocket 22 have the same number of teeth but different pitches; or, the first step sprocket 21 and the second step sprocket 22 have the same tooth pitch and different numbers of teeth; or , The pitch and number of teeth on the first step sprocket 21 and the second step sprocket 22 are not the same.
  • the step shaft 6 in this embodiment is a through shaft, as shown in FIG. 11; in some other embodiments, the step shaft 6 can also be composed of two half shafts, as shown in FIG. 12.
  • the tread 8 of the spiral step 3 is fan-shaped, and the inner and outer sides of the tread 8 are two concentric (or approximately concentric) arcs, namely R1 and R2 in FIG. 7 and FIG. 13.
  • the stepped skirting 9 is composed of a set of arc-shaped curves with unequal radii. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 8, the skirting surface 9 has skirting teeth 102 and skirting tooth grooves 112.
  • step 3 On both sides of the step 3, there is a step chain drive.
  • the step distance of the inner ring step chain 4 is slightly smaller than that of the outer ring step chain 5.
  • a step shaft 6 is connected between the two chains, and the step 3 is installed on the step shaft 6. It can be rotated around an axis, and an angle is formed between the step shaft 6 and the step tread 8 and is arranged non-parallel, as shown in Figs. 8 and 14.
  • the step distance can be understood as the distance between two adjacent step shafts 6 in this embodiment.
  • the inner ring step chain 4 and the outer ring step chain 5 have different moving speeds.
  • the speed difference between the two sides is used to make the spiral step 3 move sideways while moving forward.
  • the tread 8 of the step 3 keeps level all the time in the working section, so as to meet the requirement of spiral movement.
  • any number of horizontal steps 3 can be set according to needs; the size of the spiral radius of the whole ladder can be changed by adjusting the value of R1 in the step tread 8; the inner circle step chain between adjacent step shafts 6 can be adjusted 4.
  • the length L1 and L2 of the outer ring step chain 5 can be used to change the step depth H, as shown in Figure 13; the width of the step 3 can be changed by adjusting the difference between R1 and R2; the width of the step 3 can be adjusted by adjusting the distance between the adjacent steps 3 and 8
  • the height difference changes the inclination angle of the entire escalator; the lifting height of the entire escalator can be changed by adjusting the number of steps in the inclined section.
  • the tread 8 of the step 3 is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the step shaft 6 is not parallel to the tread 8 of the step 3; the inner step chain 4 corresponds to the second step sprocket 22 with a smaller pitch circle diameter, and the outer step chain 5 corresponds to the pitch circle The first step sprocket 21 with a larger diameter.
  • the drive motor 18 drives the main drive chain 19 and the drive sprocket 20 to transmit power to the main drive shaft 17.
  • the first step sprocket 21 and the second step sprocket 22 work together with the main drive shaft 17. Rotate at constant angular velocity.
  • the first step sprocket 21 and the second step sprocket 22 respectively pull the inner ring step chain 4 and the outer ring step chain 5 to move together, so the running speed of the step chain is the same as the gear teeth of the corresponding sprocket.
  • the speed of the outer ring step chain 5 is faster than that of the inner ring step chain 4, so that the outer ring and inner ring of the step 3 have two different types. Operating speed.
  • the step structure of this embodiment is similar to that of an ordinary escalator. It adopts a two-step chain drive, similar to a four-wheeled trolley-type step structure.
  • drive sprocket 20 and step Other structures such as guide rails can cyclically convey passengers in an upward or downward tilt while simultaneously completing lateral turns smoothly, meeting the requirements of spiral transportation.
  • the tread surface of the spiral steps can be kept level, and the meshing gap between adjacent steps can meet the standard requirements, which ensures the safety of riding the elevator.
  • the spiral step surface adopts a composite curved surface design so that the teeth and tooth grooves of adjacent steps can always maintain a stable meshing gap when they are in spiral motion; the steps are driven by double chains but the step pitch length is not the same.
  • the two sides of the spiral step have different movement speeds, and the speed difference is used to make the step 3 turn sideways when advancing, so as to meet the spiral movement requirements; there is a step shaft 6 connection between the chains ,
  • the step 3 is installed on the step shaft 6.
  • the step shaft 6 can be a through shaft or two half shafts, and an inclination angle is formed between the step shaft 6 and the step tread.
  • the step chain corresponding to the step drive device drives the spiral step inner ring and outer ring to run at different speeds, so that passengers can be inclined upward or downward while conveying passengers while taking advantage of the speed difference to smoothly and synchronously complete the lateral turning.
  • a drive motor 18 (either single-drive or double-drive) drives the two cascade sprockets, one large and one small, to rotate through 19 main drive chains and main drive shaft 17, so that the two coaxially rotating steps
  • the sprocket produces two linear speeds, one fast and one slow, and respectively pulls the step chains on both sides to provide two running speeds for the inner and outer rings of the spiral steps.
  • the present invention can adjust the ratio of the pitch circle diameters of the two step sprocket through multiple methods with the same number of chain link teeth but different pitches, the same chain link pitch but different numbers of teeth or different chain link pitch teeth, so that the spiral step inner ring,
  • the outer ring speed has a variety of matching combinations, which can be applied to escalators with a variety of helix radii and helix angles.
  • the spiral escalator of the present invention has a reasonable structural design.
  • the distance between the step shafts of the outer ring is enlarged, so that when the steps rotate, the outer ring moves longer than the inner ring and matches the fan ring shape.
  • the cascade tread surface makes the two sides of the steps have different moving speeds, and the speed difference is used to make the steps turn sideways when advancing to meet the spiral motion requirements; not only the spiral escalator ladder maintains an inclination angle in the structural parameters ,
  • the number of horizontal steps, the curvature of the upper and lower guide rails and other typical characteristics of ordinary escalators, and theoretically there are no restrictions on the lifting height of spiral escalators, the number of horizontal steps, the width of the steps, the angle of inclination, and the direction of left and right rotation; the installation and The driving method is similar to that of ordinary escalators, with mature technology and safe use; the initial power of the two cascade chains in the cascade drive device comes from the same main drive shaft, so that they can start and stop and ensure the safety of the elevator; by adjusting the sprocket of the step
  • the diameter of the pitch circle is used to realize the different running speeds of the inner and outer rings of the spiral step.
  • the structure is simple and easy to realize; and the main

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Abstract

一种螺旋式自动扶梯的梯级驱动装置，包括主驱动轴（17）、固定在主驱动轴两端的梯级链轮以及用于驱动梯级链轮转动的驱动电机（18），梯级链轮包括第一梯级链轮（21）和第二梯级链轮（22），梯级（3）上设置有梯级轴（6），第一梯级链轮的直径大于第二梯级链轮的直径，主驱动轴水平设置，梯级轴与主驱动轴呈夹角设置。螺旋式自动扶梯的梯级驱动装置结构设计合理，两梯级链的最初动力来源于同一主驱动轴，使二者能启停同步动，保证了乘梯安全；通过调整梯级链轮节圆直径的大小来实现螺旋梯级内圈、外圈不同运行速度，结构简单、容易实现；且将主驱动轴水平设置，技术成熟、使用安全。

Description

螺旋式自动扶梯的梯级驱动装置及螺旋式自动扶梯 技术领域
本发明涉及自动扶梯技术领域，具体涉及一种螺旋式自动扶梯的梯级驱动装置以及包括了该梯级驱动装置的螺旋式自动扶梯。
背景技术
随着社会发展与进步，自动扶梯已被普遍运用，成为人们便利生活不可或缺的一种设备。但是目前的自动扶梯基本都为直线形自动扶梯。
螺旋式自动扶梯的工作方式和组成功能部件与直线形自动扶梯相似。螺旋扶梯可为乘客提供上行或下行服务，在梯级左右两侧有供乘客抓握的扶手带，扶手带和梯级都是沿螺旋形轨迹运行。为了使螺旋梯级在前进的同时能向侧方转弯，必须让梯级驱动装置为梯级内圈、外圈提供两种不同的运行速度。
就目前普通的直线形自动扶梯而言，都是采用两根梯级链条来驱动梯级(在梯级两侧各一根)，这也是我国自动扶梯行业标准的强制规定。普通扶梯一般通过电机带动主驱动链向主驱动轴传递动力，主驱动轴上安装有两个节距、齿数都相同的梯级链轮牵引梯级链条使梯级作向上或向下的运动，这种结构下梯级两侧将保持等速运动。因此，目前这种结构无法满足螺旋扶梯对梯级速度的特殊要求。
发明内容
有鉴于此，为了解决现有技术的问题，本发明提供了一种适用于螺旋式自动扶梯的梯级驱动装置。
为了达到上述目的，本发明采用以下的技术方案：
一种螺旋式自动扶梯的梯级驱动装置，包括主驱动轴、固定在所述主驱动轴两端的梯级链轮以及用于驱动所述梯级链轮转动的驱动电机，所述梯级链轮包括第一梯级链轮和第二梯级链轮，梯级上设置有梯级轴，所述第一梯级链轮的直径大于所述第二梯级链轮的直径，所述主驱动轴水平设置，所述梯级轴与所述主驱动轴呈夹角设置。两梯级链的最初动力来源于同一主驱动轴，使二者能启停步动，保证了乘梯安全；通过调整梯级链轮节圆直径的大小来实现螺旋梯级内圈、外圈不同运行速度，结构简单、容易实现；且将主驱动轴水平设置，驱动方式和安装型式均与普通扶梯相近，技术成熟、使用安全。
优选地，所述第一梯级链轮和第二梯级链轮上的齿数相同、齿距不同；或，所述第一梯级链轮和第二梯级链轮上的齿距相同、齿数不同；或，所述第一梯级链轮和第二梯级链轮上的齿距和齿数均不相同。多种方法改变第一梯级链轮和第二梯级链轮的直径大小，以达到较为理想的速度差，满足螺旋式自动扶梯的要求。
更加优选地，所述梯级轴具有内端部和外端部，相邻所述梯级轴的内端部之间的距离小于对应的相邻所述梯级轴的外端部之间的距离。通过改变梯级的结构，拉大外圈梯级轴之间的间距，使得梯级转动时，外圈比内圈运动的距离更长，并配合扇环型的梯级踏面，使梯级两侧具有不同的运动速度，利用速度差使梯级在前进时向侧方转弯从而达到了螺旋式的运动要求。
进一步优选地，所述梯级轴的内端部低于所述梯级轴的外端部。梯级轴的外端部和内端部位于同一竖直平面内，且梯级轴的外端部比梯级轴的内端部高，使得梯级轴与踏面之间形成一个倾斜的角度，使得梯级在前进的同时能向侧方转弯并且使梯级踏面在工作段内一直保持水平。
更加优选地，所述梯级轴的轴心线所在的竖直平面与对应所述梯级踏面的前端部所在的竖直平面平行。即从梯级的俯视图看，梯级轴与踏面的前端部平行，这样在设计驱动装置的时候，可以将主驱动轴设置为水平状态，结构更加稳定，运行也更加平稳。
更加优选地，所述梯级的踏面水平设置，所述主驱动轴与所述梯级的踏面平行设置。
优选地，相邻所述梯级通过梯级链条连接，所述梯级链条包括内圈梯级链条和外圈梯级链条，所述第一梯级链轮用于带动所述外圈梯级链条运行，所述第二梯级链轮用于带动所述内圈梯级链条运行。由于两个梯级链轮的直径不同，外圈梯级链条的速度比内梯级链快，从而使梯级外圈、内圈分别获得两种不同的运行速度。
更加优选地，所述内圈梯级链条的节距小于所述外圈梯级链条的节距。距为梯级链条上相邻两个链节之间的距离，由于相邻所述梯级轴的内端部之间的距离小于相邻所述梯级轴的外端部之间的距离，可以相应的设置内圈梯级链条的节距小于所述外圈梯级链条的节距。
优选地，所述第二梯级链轮上连接有驱动链轮，所述驱动电机与所述驱动链轮之间设置有主驱动链。
在一些实施例中，所述第一梯级链轮和第二梯级链轮上的齿数相同、齿距不同；或，所述第一梯级链轮和第二梯级链轮上的齿距相同、齿数不同；或，所述第一梯级链轮和第二梯级链轮上的齿距和齿数均不相同；所述梯级轴具有内端部和外端部，相邻所述梯级轴的内端部之间的距离小于对应的相邻所述梯级轴的外端部之间的距离；所述梯级轴的内端部低于所述梯级轴的外端部；所述梯级轴的轴心线所在的竖直平面与对应所述梯级踏面的前端部所在的竖直平面平行；所述梯级的踏面水平设置，所述主驱动轴与所述梯级的踏面平行设置；相邻所述梯级通过梯级链条连接，所述梯级链条包括内圈梯级链条和外圈梯级链条，所述第一梯级链轮用于带动所述外圈梯级链条运行，所述第二梯级链轮用于带动所述内圈梯级链条运行；所述内圈梯级链条的节距小于所述外圈梯级链条的节距；所述第二梯级链轮上连接有驱动链轮，所述驱动电机与所述驱动链轮之间设置有主驱动链。
本发明还提供了一种螺旋式自动扶梯，其包括了上述的螺旋式自动扶梯的梯级驱动装置以及螺旋式自动扶梯的梯级结构和其他的可以根据本领域的常规手段得到的零部件，所述梯级结构包括多个梯级、设置在所述梯级上的梯级轴以及用于带动所述梯级轴运行的梯级链条，所述梯级包括踏面、踢面以及内端板和外端板，所述梯级链条包括内圈梯级链条和外圈梯级链条。
优选地，所述梯级的踏面为扇环型，所述踏面的内圈所对应的半径小于所述踏面的外圈所对应的半径，所述梯级轴具有内端部和外端部，相邻所述梯级轴的内端部之间的距离小于相邻所述梯级轴的外端部之间的距离，所述梯级链条为套筒滚子链。套筒滚子链为有限三维链条，可沿侧向进行小幅度弯曲，结构实现技术比较成熟、可靠性高。
通过改变梯级的结构，拉大外圈梯级轴之间的间距，使得梯级转动时，外圈比内圈运动的距离更长，并配合扇环型的梯级踏面，使梯级两侧具有不同的运动速度，利用速度差使梯级在前进时向侧方转弯从而达到了螺旋式的运动要求。
优选地，所述内端板和外端板对应所述梯级轴分别开设有内支撑孔和外支撑孔，所述内支撑孔的轴心线与外支撑孔的轴心线位于同一竖直平面内且该竖直平面垂直于所述踏面，所述外支撑孔的高度高于所述内支撑孔。即梯级轴的外端部和内端部位于同一竖直平面内，且梯级轴的外端部比梯级轴的内端部高，使得梯级轴与踏面之间形成一个倾斜的角度，使得梯级在前进的同时能向侧方 转弯并且使梯级踏面在工作段内一直保持水平。
优选地，所述踏面的内圈所对应的圆心与所述踏面的外圈所对应的圆心重合。即踏面上的踏面楞齿或踏面齿槽属于多个同心圆的圆周上的一段，但是越靠近外端，圆周越长。在其他的一些实施例中，圆心可以近似重合。
优选地，所述梯级轴的轴心线所在的竖直平面平行于所述踏面的前端部所在的竖直平面。即从梯级的俯视图看，梯级轴与踏面的前端部平行，这样在设计驱动装置的时候，可以将主驱动轴设置为水平状态，结构更加稳定，运行也更加平稳。
优选地，所述踢面的截面为圆弧形，所述踢面内圈的圆弧所对应的半径小于所述踢面外圈的圆弧所对应的半径。即梯级的踢面楞齿由一组半径不等的弧形曲线构成。
优选地，所述内圈梯级链条的节距小于所述外圈梯级链条的节距。节距为梯级链条上相邻两个链节之间的距离，由于相邻所述梯级轴的内端部之间的距离小于相邻所述梯级轴的外端部之间的距离，可以相应的设置内圈梯级链条的节距小于所述外圈梯级链条的节距。
优选地，所述内端板和外端板上分别设置有用于安装梯级滚轮的内支撑轴和外支撑轴，所述外支撑孔与外支撑轴之间的距离大于所述内支撑孔与内支撑轴之间的距离，所述外支撑轴的轴心线略高于所述内支撑轴的轴心线或与所述内支撑轴的轴心线齐平。
优选地，所述踏面上设置有与上梳齿板和下梳齿板相匹配的踏面楞齿，相邻的踏面楞齿之间形成踏面齿槽；所述踢面上设置有踢面楞齿，相邻所述的踢面楞齿之间形成踢面齿槽。
更加优选地，部分踏面楞齿向远离所述踢面的一侧延伸形成限位部，所述限位部容纳在相应所述梯级的踢面齿槽中；相邻的限位部之间形成限位槽，所述踢面楞齿容纳在相应所述梯级的限位槽中。即相邻的梯级之间形成相互的限位作用，保持梯级在运行过程中的稳定，且踏面需要与上梳齿板和下梳齿板配合。
在一些实施例中，所述梯级的踏面为扇环型，所述踏面的内圈所对应的半径小于所述踏面的外圈所对应的半径，所述梯级轴具有内端部和外端部，相邻所述梯级轴的内端部之间的距离小于相邻所述梯级轴的外端部之间的距离，所述梯级链条为套筒滚子链；所述内端板和外端板对应所述梯级轴分别开设有内 支撑孔和外支撑孔，所述内支撑孔的轴心线与外支撑孔的轴心线位于同一竖直平面内且该竖直平面垂直于所述踏面，所述外支撑孔的高度高于所述内支撑孔；所述踏面的内圈所对应的圆心与所述踏面的外圈所对应的圆心重合；所述梯级轴的轴心线所在的竖直平面平行于所述踏面的前端部所在的竖直平面；所述踢面的截面为圆弧形，所述踢面内圈的圆弧所对应的半径小于所述踢面外圈的圆弧所对应的半径；所述内圈梯级链条的节距小于所述外圈梯级链条的节距；所述内端板和外端板上分别设置有用于安装梯级滚轮的内支撑轴和外支撑轴，所述外支撑孔与外支撑轴之间的距离大于所述内支撑孔与内支撑轴之间的距离；所述踏面上设置有与上梳齿板和下梳齿板相匹配的踏面楞齿，相邻的踏面楞齿之间形成踏面齿槽；所述踢面上设置有踢面楞齿，相邻所述的踢面楞齿之间形成踢面齿槽；部分踏面楞齿向远离所述踢面的一侧延伸形成限位部，所述限位部容纳在相应所述梯级的踢面齿槽中；相邻的限位部之间形成限位槽，所述踢面楞齿容纳在相应所述梯级的限位槽中。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益之处在于：本发明的一种螺旋式自动扶梯的梯级驱动装置，其结构设计合理，两梯级链的最初动力来源于同一主驱动轴，使二者能启停步动，保证了乘梯安全；通过调整梯级链轮节圆直径的大小来实现螺旋梯级内圈、外圈不同运行速度，结构简单、容易实现；且将主驱动轴水平设置，驱动方式和安装型式均与普通扶梯相近，技术成熟、使用安全，适用于左旋上升或右旋上升的任意螺旋扶梯。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明优选实施例中螺旋式自动扶梯的立体示意图；
图2为图1中I部的放大图；
图3为本发明优选实施例中螺旋式自动扶梯的梯级驱动装置的俯视示意图；
图4为图3中A-A的剖面图；
图5为本发明优选实施例中螺旋式自动扶梯的梯路工作示意图；
图6为本发明优选实施例中螺旋式自动扶梯中梯级的主视图；
图7为本发明优选实施例中螺旋式自动扶梯中梯级的俯视图；
图8为本发明优选实施例中螺旋式自动扶梯中梯级的侧视图；
图9为本发明优选实施例中螺旋式自动扶梯中梯级第一视角的立体图；
图10为图9中梯级隐藏梯级轴和滚轮后的立体图；
图11为本发明优选实施例中螺旋式自动扶梯中梯级第二视角的立体图；
图12为本发明另一优选实施例中螺旋式自动扶梯中梯级的立体图；
图13为本发明优选实施例中螺旋式自动扶梯中水平段梯路的俯视图；
图14为本发明优选实施例中螺旋式自动扶梯中水平段梯路的侧视图；
图15为本发明优选实施例中螺旋式自动扶梯中倾斜段梯路的立体图；
其中：1.上梳齿板，2.围裙板，3.梯级，4.内圈梯级链条，5.外圈梯级链条，6.梯级轴，7.下梳齿板，8.踏面，9.踢面，101.踏面楞齿，102.踢面楞齿，111.踏面齿槽，112.踢面齿槽，12.滚轮，131.内支撑轴，132.外支撑轴，141.内支撑孔，142.外支撑孔，151.内端板，152.外端板，161.限位部，162.限位槽，17.主驱动轴，18.驱动电机,19.主驱动链，20.驱动链轮，21.第一梯级链轮，22.第二梯级链轮，23.扶手带。
具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分的实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应当属于本发明保护的范围。
参照图1-15，本实施例的螺旋式自动扶梯，包括梯级结构、与该梯级结构相适配的驱动装置以及其他的一些现有技术中的适应性零部件如上梳齿板1、下梳齿板7、围裙板2、扶手带23等。
本实施例中的螺旋式自动扶梯的梯级结构包括多个梯级3、设置在梯级3上的梯级轴6以及用于带动梯级轴6运行的梯级链条，梯级3包括踏面8、踢面9以及内端板151和外端板152，梯级链条包括内圈梯级链条4和外圈梯级链条5，梯级3的踏面8为扇环型，踏面8的内圈所对应的半径小于踏面8的外圈所对应的半径，梯级轴6具有内端部和外端部，相邻梯级轴6的内端部之间的距离小于相邻梯级轴6的外端部之间的距离，如图13和15所示。本实施例中的梯级链条采用的是套筒滚子链，其为有限三维链条，可沿侧向进行小幅 度弯曲，结构实现技术比较成熟、可靠性高。
踏面8上设置有与上梳齿板1和下梳齿板7相匹配的踏面楞齿101，相邻的踏面楞齿101之间形成踏面齿槽111；踢面9上设置有踢面楞齿102，相邻的踢面楞齿102之间形成踢面齿槽112。部分踏面楞齿101向远离踢面9的一侧延伸形成限位部161，限位部161容纳在相应梯级3的踢面齿槽112中；相邻的限位部161之间形成限位槽162，踢面楞齿102容纳在相应梯级3的限位槽162中。即相邻的梯级3之间形成相互的限位作用，保持梯级3在运行过程中的稳定，且踏面8需要与上梳齿板1和下梳齿板7配合。
踏面8的内圈所对应的圆心与踏面8的外圈所对应的圆心重合，但是两个圆所对应的半径不同，如图7所示。即踏面8上的踏面楞齿101或踏面齿槽111属于多个同心圆的圆周上的一段，但是越靠近外端，圆周越长。在其他的一些实施例中，圆心可以近似重合。
踢面9的截面为圆弧形，踢面9内圈的圆弧所对应的半径R3小于踢面9外圈的圆弧所对应的半径R4，如图8所示。即梯级3的踢面楞齿102由一组半径不等的弧形曲线构成。
如图6和图8-12所示，内端板151和外端板152对应梯级轴6分别开设有内支撑孔141和外支撑孔142，内支撑孔141的轴心线与外支撑孔142的轴心线位于同一竖直平面内且该竖直平面垂直于踏面8，外支撑孔142的高度高于内支撑孔141。即梯级轴6的外端部和内端部位于同一竖直平面内，且梯级轴6的外端部比梯级轴6的内端部高，使得梯级轴6与踏面8之间形成一个倾斜的角度，使得梯级3在前进的同时能向侧方转弯并且使梯级踏面8在工作段内一直保持水平。
如图3、图7-8和图13所示，梯级轴6的轴心线所在的竖直平面平行于踏面8的前端部所在的竖直平面。即从梯级3的俯视图看，梯级轴6与踏面8的前端部平行，这样在设计驱动装置的时候，可以将主驱动轴17设置为水平状态，结构更加稳定，运行也更加平稳。
如图7、图9和图11-12所示，内圈梯级链条4的节距小于外圈梯级链条5的节距。节距为梯级链条上相邻两个链节之间的距离，由于相邻梯级轴6的内端部之间的距离小于相邻梯级轴6的外端部之间的距离，可以相应的设置内圈梯级链条4的节距小于外圈梯级链条5的节距。
如图8所示，内端板151和外端板152上分别设置有用于安装梯级滚轮12 的内支撑轴131和外支撑轴132，外支撑孔142与外支撑轴132之间的距离大于内支撑孔141与内支撑轴131之间的距离，外支撑轴132的轴心线略高于内支撑轴131的轴心线或与内支撑轴131的轴心线齐平。
本实施例中的梯级驱动装置，包括主驱动轴17、固定在主驱动轴17两端的梯级链轮以及用于驱动梯级链轮转动的驱动电机18，梯级链轮包括第一梯级链轮21和第二梯级链轮22，第二梯级链轮22上连接有驱动链轮20，驱动电机18与驱动链轮20之间设置有主驱动链19。第一梯级链轮21的直径大于第二梯级链轮22的直径，主驱动轴17水平设置，梯级轴6与主驱动轴17呈夹角设置。第一梯级链轮21用于带动外圈梯级链条5运行，第二梯级链轮22用于带动内圈梯级链条4运行。由于两个梯级链轮的直径不同，外圈梯级链条5的速度比内圈梯级链条4快，从而使梯级的外圈、内圈分别获得两种不同的运行速度，内圈慢、外圈快。
具体的，第一梯级链轮21和第二梯级链轮22上的齿数相同、齿距不同；或，第一梯级链轮21和第二梯级链轮22上的齿距相同、齿数不同；或，第一梯级链轮21和第二梯级链轮22上的齿距和齿数均不相同，多种方法改变第一梯级链轮21和第二梯级链轮22的直径大小，以达到较为理想的速度差，满足螺旋式自动扶梯的要求。本实施例中优选为第一梯级链轮21和第二梯级链轮22上的齿距相同、齿数不同，以与梯级链条相互配合。
本实施例中的梯级轴6为一根通轴，如图11所示；在其他的一些实施例中，梯级轴6也可为两个半轴构成，如图12所示。
以下简述本实施例的螺旋式自动扶梯工作原理和工作过程：
螺旋梯级3的踏面8为扇环型，踏面8内外两侧是两个同心(或近似同心)的圆弧，即附图7和图13中的R1和R2。梯级踏面8上有若干采用同心(或近似同心)布置的踏面楞齿101和踏面齿槽111，与进出口的上梳齿板1和下梳齿板7相配合来实现标准规定的梳齿位置啮合深度要求。梯级踢面9由一组半径不等的弧形曲线构成，如图6和图8所述，踢面9上有踢面楞齿102和踢面齿槽112。
在梯级3内外两侧，各有一根梯级链条驱动，其内圈梯级链条4的梯级距比外圈梯级链条5略小，两链条之间连接有梯级轴6，梯级3安装在梯级轴6上并可绕轴转动，梯级轴6与梯级踏面8之间形成一个角度，非平行布置，如图8和14所示。梯级距在本实施例中可以理解为相邻两个梯级轴6之间的距离。
通过辅以本实施例中特殊的梯级驱动结构使内圈梯级链条4、外圈梯级链条5产生不同的运动速度，利用两侧的速度差使螺旋梯级3在前进的同时能向侧方转弯并且使梯级3踏面8在工作段内一直保持水平，从而达到了螺旋式运动的要求。
在本发明中，可根据需要设置任意个数水平梯级3；可通过调整梯级踏面8中R1值来改变整梯螺旋半径的大小；可通过调整相邻的梯级轴6之间的内圈梯级链条4、外圈梯级链条5的长度L1、L2值来改变梯级深度H，如图13所示；可通过调整R1、R2的差值改变梯级3宽度；可通过调整相邻梯级3踏面8之间的高度差改变整个扶梯的倾斜角；可通过调整倾斜段梯级个数改变整个扶梯的提升高度。
梯级3的踏面8与水平面平行，梯级轴6与梯级3的踏面8不平行；内圈梯级链条4对应于节圆直径较小的第二梯级链轮22，外圈梯级链条5对应于节圆直径较大的第一梯级链轮21。
当螺旋式自动扶梯工作时，通过驱动电机18带动主驱动链19、驱动链轮20向主驱动轴17传递动力，第一梯级链轮21、第二梯级链轮22跟随主驱动轴17一起作等角速度旋转。第一梯级链轮21、第二梯级链轮22分别牵引内圈梯级链条4、外圈梯级链条5一起运动，所以梯级链条的运行速度与相应链轮的轮齿部分相同。由于第一梯级链轮21比第二梯级链轮22的节圆直径大，导致外圈梯级链条5的速度比内圈梯级链条4快，从而使梯级3外圈、内圈分别获得两种不同的运行速度。
通过采用链节齿数相同而节距不同、链节节距相同而齿数不同或链节节距齿数都不同等多种方法改变第一梯级链轮21和第二梯级链轮22的节圆直径D2、D1大小，以达到较为理想的速度差；通过约束梯级3滚轮12的位置控制梯级3绕梯级轴6的转动，使梯级3随内圈梯级链条4、外圈梯级链条5完成在第一梯级链轮21、第二梯级链轮22处的回转，可实现梯路循环使用。
本实施例的梯级结构与普通扶梯相似，采用了两梯级链条驱动、类似四轮小车式梯级结构，通过改变梯级踏面8和踢面9形状再辅以特殊的梯级链条、驱动链轮20和梯级导轨等其它结构，即可循环实现在向上或向下倾斜输送乘客同时能平稳地同步完成侧向转弯，达到螺旋式运输要求。并且在工作区段内能使螺旋梯级的踏面保持水平、相邻梯级之间啮合间隙符合标准要求，保证了乘梯安全。本实施例的梯级结构将螺旋梯级踢面采用复合曲面设计使相邻梯级的 齿与齿槽之间在处于螺旋运动时也能一直保持稳定的啮合间隙；采用双链条驱动梯级但梯级距长度不等，通过匹配本实施例中的驱动机构使螺旋梯级两侧具有不同的运动速度，利用速度差使梯级3在前进时向侧方转弯从而达到了螺旋式运动要求；链条之间有梯级轴6连接，梯级3安装在梯级轴6上，梯级轴6可为通轴或两个半轴，梯级轴6与梯级踏面之间形成一个倾斜角度。
本实施例中的梯级驱动装置驱动所对应的梯级链条使螺旋梯级内圈、外圈分别按不同速度运行，实现在向上或向下倾斜输送乘客同时能利用速度差平稳地同步完成侧向转弯，达到螺旋式运输要求。梯级驱动装置中由一个的驱动电机18(单驱或双驱均可)通过主驱动链19条、主驱动轴17，带动一大一小两个梯级链轮转动，使同轴转动的两梯级链轮产生一快一慢两种线速度，分别牵引两侧的梯级链条，为螺旋梯级内圈、外圈提供两种运行速度。本发明可通过链节齿数相同而节距不同、链节节距相同而齿数不同或链节节距齿数都不同等多种方法调整两梯级链轮节圆直径比，可使螺旋梯级内圈、外圈速度具有多种匹配组合，可以适用于多种螺旋半径、螺旋升角的扶梯。
本发明的螺旋式自动扶梯，其结构设计合理，通过改变梯级的结构，拉大外圈梯级轴之间的间距，使得梯级转动时，外圈比内圈运动的距离更长，并配合扇环型的梯级踏面，使梯级两侧具有不同的运动速度，利用速度差使梯级在前进时向侧方转弯从而达到了螺旋式的运动要求；不仅使螺旋式自动扶梯梯路在结构参数上保持有倾斜角、水平梯级数量、上下端导轨曲率等普通扶梯的典型特征，而且理论上对螺旋式自动扶梯提升高度、水平梯级数量、梯级宽度、倾斜角以及左右旋方向等没有任何限制；梯级结构的安装和驱动方式与普通扶梯相近，技术成熟、使用安全；梯级驱动装置中两梯级链的最初动力来源于同一主驱动轴，使二者能启停步动，保证了乘梯安全；通过调整梯级链轮节圆直径的大小来实现螺旋梯级内圈、外圈不同运行速度，结构简单、容易实现；且将主驱动轴水平设置，驱动方式和安装型式均与普通扶梯相近，技术成熟、使用安全，适用于左旋上升或右旋上升的任意螺旋式自动扶梯。
上述实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点，其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围，凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种螺旋式自动扶梯的梯级驱动装置，包括主驱动轴、固定在所述主驱动轴两端的梯级链轮以及用于驱动所述梯级链轮转动的驱动电机，所述梯级链轮包括第一梯级链轮和第二梯级链轮，梯级上设置有梯级轴，其特征在于，所述第一梯级链轮的直径大于所述第二梯级链轮的直径，所述主驱动轴水平设置，所述梯级轴与所述主驱动轴呈夹角设置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种螺旋式自动扶梯的梯级驱动装置，其特征在于，所述第一梯级链轮和第二梯级链轮上的齿数相同、齿距不同；或，所述第一梯级链轮和第二梯级链轮上的齿距相同、齿数不同；或，所述第一梯级链轮和第二梯级链轮上的齿距和齿数均不相同。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种螺旋式自动扶梯的梯级驱动装置，其特征在于，所述梯级轴具有内端部和外端部，相邻所述梯级轴的内端部之间的距离小于对应的相邻所述梯级轴的外端部之间的距离。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种螺旋式自动扶梯的梯级驱动装置，其特征在于，所述梯级轴的内端部低于所述梯级轴的外端部。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的一种螺旋式自动扶梯的梯级驱动装置，其特征在于，所述梯级轴的轴心线所在的竖直平面与对应所述梯级踏面的前端部所在的竖直平面平行。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的一种螺旋式自动扶梯的梯级驱动装置，其特征在于，所述梯级的踏面水平设置，所述主驱动轴与所述梯级的踏面平行设置。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种螺旋式自动扶梯的梯级驱动装置，其特征在于，相邻所述梯级通过梯级链条连接，所述梯级链条包括内圈梯级链条和外圈梯级链条，所述第一梯级链轮用于带动所述外圈梯级链条运行，所述第二梯级链轮用于带动所述内圈梯级链条运行。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种螺旋式自动扶梯的梯级驱动装置，其特征在于，所述内圈梯级链条的节距小于所述外圈梯级链条的节距。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种螺旋式自动扶梯的梯级驱动装置，其特征在于，所述第二梯级链轮上连接有驱动链轮，所述驱动电机与所述驱动链轮之间设置有主驱动链。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的一种螺旋式自动扶梯的梯级驱动装置，其特征在于，所述第一梯级链轮和第二梯级链轮上的齿数相同、齿距不同；或，所述第一梯级链轮和第二梯级链轮上的齿距相同、齿数不同；或，所述第一梯级链轮和第二梯级链轮上的齿距和齿数均不相同；所述梯级轴具有内端部和外端部，相邻所述梯级轴的内端部之间的距离小于对应的相邻所述梯级轴的外端部之间的距离；所述梯级轴的内端部低于所述梯级轴的外端部；所述梯级轴的轴心线所在的竖直平面与对应所述梯级踏面的前端部所在的竖直平面平行；所述梯级的踏面水平设置，所述主驱动轴与所述梯级的踏面平行设置；相邻所述梯级通过梯级链条连接， 所述梯级链条包括内圈梯级链条和外圈梯级链条，所述第一梯级链轮用于带动所述外圈梯级链条运行，所述第二梯级链轮用于带动所述内圈梯级链条运行；所述内圈梯级链条的节距小于所述外圈梯级链条的节距；所述第二梯级链轮上连接有驱动链轮，所述驱动电机与所述驱动链轮之间设置有主驱动链。
  11. 一种螺旋式自动扶梯，其特征在于，包括权利要求1-10任意一项所述的一种螺旋式自动扶梯的梯级驱动装置以及螺旋式自动扶梯的梯级结构，所述梯级结构包括多个梯级、设置在所述梯级上的梯级轴以及用于带动所述梯级轴运行的梯级链条，所述梯级包括踏面、踢面以及内端板和外端板，所述梯级链条包括内圈梯级链条和外圈梯级链条。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的一种螺旋式自动扶梯，其特征在于，所述梯级的踏面为扇环型，所述踏面的内圈所对应的半径小于所述踏面的外圈所对应的半径，所述梯级轴具有内端部和外端部，相邻所述梯级轴的内端部之间的距离小于相邻所述梯级轴的外端部之间的距离，所述梯级链条为套筒滚子链。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的一种螺旋式自动扶梯，其特征在于，所述内端板和外端板对应所述梯级轴分别开设有内支撑孔和外支撑孔，所述内支撑孔的轴心线与外支撑孔的轴心线位于同一竖直平面内且该竖直平面垂直于所述踏面，所述外支撑孔的高度高于所述内支撑孔。
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的一种螺旋式自动扶梯，其特征在于，所述踏面的内圈所对应的圆心与所述踏面的外圈所对应的圆心重合。
  15. 根据权利要求11所述的一种螺旋式自动扶梯，其特征在于，所述梯级轴的轴心线所在的竖直平面平行于所述踏面的前端部所在的竖直平面。
  16. 根据权利要求11所述的一种螺旋式自动扶梯，其特征在于，所述踢面的截面为圆弧形，所述踢面内圈的圆弧所对应的半径小于所述踢面外圈的圆弧所对应的半径。
  17. 根据权利要求11所述的一种螺旋式自动扶梯的梯级结构，其特征在于，所述内圈梯级链条的节距小于所述外圈梯级链条的节距。
  18. 根据权利要求12所述的一种螺旋式自动扶梯，其特征在于，所述内端板和外端板上分别设置有用于安装梯级滚轮的内支撑轴和外支撑轴，所述外支撑孔与外支撑轴之间的距离大于所述内支撑孔与内支撑轴之间的距离。
  19. 根据权利要求11所述的一种螺旋式自动扶梯，其特征在于，所述踏面上设置有与上梳齿板和下梳齿板相匹配的踏面楞齿，相邻的踏面楞齿之间形成踏面齿槽；所述踢面上设置有踢面楞齿，相邻所述的踢面楞齿之间形成踢面齿槽。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的一种螺旋式自动扶梯，其特征在于，部分踏面楞齿向远离 所述踢面的一侧延伸形成限位部，所述限位部容纳在相应所述梯级的踢面齿槽中；相邻的限位部之间形成限位槽，所述踢面楞齿容纳在相应所述梯级的限位槽中。
  21. 根据权利要求11所述的一种螺旋式自动扶梯，其特征在于，所述梯级的踏面为扇环型，所述踏面的内圈所对应的半径小于所述踏面的外圈所对应的半径，所述梯级轴具有内端部和外端部，相邻所述梯级轴的内端部之间的距离小于相邻所述梯级轴的外端部之间的距离，所述梯级链条为套筒滚子链；所述内端板和外端板对应所述梯级轴分别开设有内支撑孔和外支撑孔，所述内支撑孔的轴心线与外支撑孔的轴心线位于同一竖直平面内且该竖直平面垂直于所述踏面，所述外支撑孔的高度高于所述内支撑孔；所述踏面的内圈所对应的圆心与所述踏面的外圈所对应的圆心重合；所述梯级轴的轴心线所在的竖直平面平行于所述踏面的前端部所在的竖直平面；所述踢面的截面为圆弧形，所述踢面内圈的圆弧所对应的半径小于所述踢面外圈的圆弧所对应的半径；所述内圈梯级链条的节距小于所述外圈梯级链条的节距；所述内端板和外端板上分别设置有用于安装梯级滚轮的内支撑轴和外支撑轴，所述外支撑孔与外支撑轴之间的距离大于所述内支撑孔与内支撑轴之间的距离；所述踏面上设置有与上梳齿板和下梳齿板相匹配的踏面楞齿，相邻的踏面楞齿之间形成踏面齿槽；所述踢面上设置有踢面楞齿，相邻所述的踢面楞齿之间形成踢面齿槽；部分踏面楞齿向远离所述踢面的一侧延伸形成限位部，所述限位部容纳在相应所述梯级的踢面齿槽中；相邻的限位部之间形成限位槽，所述踢面楞齿容纳在相应所述梯级的限位槽中。
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