WO2021051433A1 - 一种以肉桂醛为活性成分的土壤熏蒸产品及其应用 - Google Patents

一种以肉桂醛为活性成分的土壤熏蒸产品及其应用 Download PDF

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WO2021051433A1
WO2021051433A1 PCT/CN2019/107860 CN2019107860W WO2021051433A1 WO 2021051433 A1 WO2021051433 A1 WO 2021051433A1 CN 2019107860 W CN2019107860 W CN 2019107860W WO 2021051433 A1 WO2021051433 A1 WO 2021051433A1
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Prior art keywords
fumigant
cinnamaldehyde
root
soil
weight percentage
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PCT/CN2019/107860
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴建挺
许辉
韩君
赵恭文
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山东省联合农药工业有限公司
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Publication of WO2021051433A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021051433A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N35/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical
    • A01N35/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical containing aliphatically bound aldehyde or keto groups, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof, e.g. acetals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/18—Vapour or smoke emitting compositions with delayed or sustained release

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of pesticides, and specifically relates to a soil fumigation product using cinnamaldehyde as an active ingredient and its application.
  • soil continuous cropping obstacles have become a major aspect of restricting crop growth in the greenhouses.
  • the main cause of continuous cropping obstacles is soil-borne diseases and insect pests.
  • chemical fumigants are used for soil Disinfection is one of the most commonly used methods to prevent and control continuous cropping obstacles.
  • the soil fumigants widely used in production are mainly methenon, methamphetamine, chloropicrin, furfural, and allyl isothiocyanate.
  • furfural is registered in the United States, the original drug (content 99.7%, EPA registration number 75753-2) and preparations (Agriguard multiguard protect, content 90.0%, EPA registration number 75753-1), at least 7 days before planting/transplanting Do not apply more than once per season.
  • Allyl isothiocyanate is registered in my country, with registration number PD20181600, used for pre-emergence soil spraying and fumigation. Such fumigants can effectively kill pests, fungi, bacteria, weeds, etc. in the soil, but they need to be used before crops are planted, and they are prone to phytotoxicity during use.
  • Cinnamaldehyde (CAS: 104-55-2) is also called cinnamaldehyde, and its chemical name is ⁇ -phenyl acrolein. It is widely found in roots and leaves of Cinnamomum camphora plants, especially in cinnamon plants. Remarkably, it is widely used in spices and seasoning industries, and used to make other aromatic materials. Cinnamic aldehyde can be obtained by extracting roots and leaves of cinnamon plants, and can also be chemically synthesized by condensation of benzaldehyde and acetaldehyde. However, both natural and synthetic cinnamaldehyde are in trans structure.
  • Cinnamaldehyde has been proved to have significant effects on fungi in animals, and it has a significant effect on Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus albicans, Shigella dysentery, Typhoid fever and A. paratyphi, pneumococcus, Aerobacter, Proteus , Bacillus anthracis, Salmonella enteritidis, Vibrio cholerae, etc. have inhibitory effects and are often used as additives in animal feed.
  • Cinnamic aldehyde has an inhibitory effect on Phytophthora capsici (Liu Li. Jiangsu Agricultural Journal, 2014, (No. 2)), and has an in vitro inhibitory effect on Phytophthora tobacco (Ling Tianxiao) , Journal of Tobacco Science of China, 2017, (No. 4)).
  • patent document US4978686 discloses mixing 10g white carbon black and 10g cinnamaldehyde with a predetermined amount of antioxidants and mixing adjuvants, which have insecticidal activity against root knot nematodes
  • patent document CN 1176576A discloses the use of cinnamaldehyde containing Various preparations to treat root knot nematodes and bark nematodes have proved to have insecticidal activity
  • patent documents FR2529755A1, JPS57120501A, WO9515082A1, US2011218104A1, KR20070065930A, etc. have reports on the control of root knot nematodes and related fungal diseases with cinnamaldehyde.
  • the present invention provides a fumigant, which contains the following ingredients in weight percentage: 5%-85% cinnamaldehyde, 0.1%-5% antioxidant.
  • the fumigant further includes an auxiliary agent.
  • the fumigant contains the following components in weight percentage: 5%-85% cinnamaldehyde, 0.1%-5% antioxidant, and the rest are additives.
  • the fumigant uses cinnamaldehyde as an active ingredient.
  • the content of cinnamaldehyde in the fumigant is 5%-65%, preferably 5%-45%, and more preferably 5%-25% by weight.
  • the content of the ingredients in the fumigant is the pure content, that is, the content of the pure product of the ingredient represents the weight percentage content of the ingredient.
  • the content of cinnamaldehyde in the fumigant is the pure content.
  • the pure content of cinnamaldehyde required by the fumigant can be calculated based on the cinnamaldehyde content in the cinnamaldehyde mother liquor or the cinnamaldehyde original drug obtained by chemical synthesis.
  • the percentages in the present invention are all weight percentages.
  • the antioxidant is 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT).
  • the auxiliary agent may be at least one selected from solvents, emulsifiers, oils or fillers and the like.
  • the present invention also provides a method for preparing the fumigant, which includes mixing the ingredients to prepare the fumigant.
  • the fumigant can be made into a fumigant for different use occasions;
  • the dosage forms of this type of product include but are not limited to emulsifiable concentrates, water emulsions, water agents, suspensions, microemulsions, soluble agents, and microemulsions.
  • emulsifiable concentrates water emulsions, water agents, suspensions, microemulsions, soluble agents, and microemulsions.
  • the fumigant may be an emulsifiable concentrate, such as an emulsifiable concentrate for soil application.
  • the emulsifiable concentrate may contain the following ingredients in weight percentage:
  • Cinnamaldehyde 1%-60%
  • Anti-oxidant 0.1%-2.5%
  • Emulsifier 5%-20%
  • the antioxidant is preferably 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT).
  • the content of the emulsifier may be 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%.
  • the emulsifier is at least one of Nongru 100#, TX-10, Nongru 500, Nongru 602, OP500, OP10, Tween 80 or Nongru 600#.
  • the emulsifiable concentrate may comprise 5%-8% Nongru 100# or 600#, and/or 3%-8% Tween 80 by weight percentage.
  • the solvent is an organic solvent or a mixed solvent composed of two or more organic solvents; the organic solvent is selected from ketone solvents, such as cyclohexanone; and the mixed solvent is aromatic solvent naphtha, acetic acid A mixture of two or more of ethyl ester or N-methylpyrrolidone, among which aromatic hydrocarbon solvent oil and N-methylpyrrolidone with a volume ratio of 1:1 are preferred.
  • the preparation method of the emulsifiable concentrate includes: firstly mixing the antioxidant and the solvent, stirring, and then adding the mother liquor containing cinnamaldehyde and the emulsifier, and stirring uniformly.
  • the content is detected, divided into double barrier plastic bottles, and sealed for storage.
  • the fumigant may be a water emulsion, such as a water emulsion for soil application.
  • the water emulsion contains the following ingredients in weight percentage:
  • Cinnamaldehyde 1%-50%
  • Antioxidant 0.1%-4%,
  • Emulsifier 6%-28%
  • the content of the emulsifier may be 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%.
  • the emulsifier is at least one of emulsifiers such as Tween 80, 4103, Well201, TX-10, Nongru 500, 602 or WellM30.
  • the water emulsion may contain 8% Tween 80 by weight percentage.
  • the solvent is aromatic hydrocarbon solvent or cyclohexanone.
  • the preparation method of the aqueous emulsion includes: firstly mixing the antioxidant and the solvent, then adding the mother liquor containing cinnamaldehyde and the emulsifier, stirring uniformly, and adding the mixed solution to the water to homogenize.
  • the content is detected, and the content is divided into glass bottles in double-barrier plastic bottles or aluminum bottles with inner barrier coatings, and sealed for storage.
  • the fumigant may be an aqueous agent, such as an aqueous agent for soil application.
  • the liquid agent contains the following ingredients in weight percentage:
  • Cinnamaldehyde 1%-80%
  • Anti-oxidant 1%-5%
  • Emulsifier 12%-28%
  • the preparation method of the aqueous agent includes: firstly mixing the antioxidant and the solvent, and then adding the mother liquor containing cinnamaldehyde and the emulsifier, and stirring uniformly.
  • the content is detected, and the content is divided into glass bottles in double-barrier plastic bottles or aluminum bottles with inner barrier coatings, and sealed for storage.
  • the fumigant may be a suspending agent, such as a suspending agent for soil application.
  • the suspending agent contains the following ingredients in weight percentage:
  • Cinnamaldehyde 1%-80%
  • Anti-oxidant 1%-5%
  • Emulsifier 1%-20%
  • Thickener 0.01%-1%
  • Antifreeze 1%-5%
  • the emulsifier is selected from at least one of Tween 80, tristyrylphenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate triethanolammonium salt, lignosulfonate or naphthalenesulfonate.
  • the thickener is at least one of xanthan gum, magnesium aluminum silicate, or gelatin.
  • the preservative is at least one of sodium benzoate or benzoic acid.
  • the antifreeze agent is propylene glycol.
  • the antifoaming agent is NNO (sodium methylene naphthalene sulfonate).
  • the preparation process of the suspending agent is as follows: firstly mix the emulsifier, defoamer, and water, then add the antioxidant and the mother liquor containing cinnamaldehyde, and homogenize sanding.
  • the content is detected, and the contents are divided into glass bottles in double barrier plastic bottles or aluminum bottles coated with barrier layers, and sealed for storage.
  • the fumigant may be a microemulsion, such as a microemulsion for soil application.
  • the microemulsion contains the following ingredients in weight percentage:
  • Cinnamaldehyde 1%-80%
  • Anti-oxidant 1%-5%
  • Emulsifier 12%-28%
  • the emulsifier is selected from Tween 80.
  • the solvent is selected from epichlorohydrin.
  • the preparation method of the microemulsion includes: firstly mixing the antioxidant and the solvent, and then adding the mother liquor containing cinnamaldehyde and the emulsifier, and stirring uniformly.
  • the solvent and water are further added and stirred uniformly.
  • the fumigant may be granules, such as granules for soil application.
  • the granule contains the following ingredients in weight percentage:
  • Cinnamaldehyde 1%-40%
  • Anti-oxidant 1%-5%
  • the dispersant is selected from NNO (sodium methylene naphthalene sulfonate).
  • the solvent is selected from one of DMSO and DMF or a mixture thereof.
  • the preparation method of the granule includes: mixing cinnamaldehyde, antioxidant, dispersant and solvent uniformly, using bricks to fully adsorb and mix uniformly.
  • the fumigant may be a soluble agent, such as a soluble agent for soil application.
  • the soluble agent contains the following ingredients in weight percentage:
  • Cinnamaldehyde 1%-80%
  • Anti-oxidant 1%-5%
  • Emulsifier 5%-20%
  • the dispersant is selected from Tween 80.
  • the solvent is selected from one of DMSO and DMF or a mixture thereof.
  • the preparation method of the soluble agent includes: firstly mixing the antioxidant and the solvent, and then adding the mother liquor containing cinnamaldehyde and the emulsifier, and stirring uniformly.
  • the fumigant may be a powder, such as a powder for soil application.
  • the powder contains the following ingredients in weight percentage:
  • Cinnamaldehyde 1%-40%
  • Anti-oxidant 1%-5%
  • the dispersant is selected from NNO (sodium methylene naphthalene sulfonate).
  • the preparation method of the powder includes: uniformly mixing cinnamaldehyde, antioxidant, dispersant and solvent, fully adsorbing kaolin using an inert carrier, and pulverizing the mixed powder through airflow to obtain a powder formulation.
  • the present invention also provides a method for preventing and controlling diseases and insect pests (such as soil-borne diseases and insect pests), which comprises applying the fumigant to crops before and/or after planting.
  • diseases and insect pests such as soil-borne diseases and insect pests
  • the present invention also provides the use of the fumigant, which is used for pests and diseases (such as soil-borne pests and diseases).
  • the fumigant when the fumigant is applied, it is preferable to adopt a film coating method.
  • the fumigant is applied and covered with a film before and/or after planting of the crop, preferably after planting.
  • the soil-borne pests and diseases include but are not limited to underground pests such as nematodes, grubs, mole crickets, and fungi and bacteria that can cause plant root rot, stem base rot, bacterial wilt and the like.
  • the nematodes include but are not limited to: for example, Aglenchus agricula, Anguina tritici, Aphelenchoides arachidis, Aphelenchoides arachidis ( Aphelenchoides fragaria and general Aphelenchoides spp. stem and leaf parasites, Belonolaimus gracilis, Belonolaimus longicaudatus, Belonolaimus nortoni, Aphelenchoides spp.
  • Bursaphelenchus eremus Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and general Bursaphelenchus spp.
  • Cacopaurus pestis Criconemella curvata, criconemella onoensis, ornamental Criconemella ornata, Criconemella rusium, Criconemella xenoplax (Mesocriconema xenoplax) and Criconemella spp.
  • Hemicyclonemoides Hemicycliophora arenaria, Hemicycliophora nudata, Hemicycliophora parvana, Heterodera avenae, Heterodera cruciferae, Heterodera cruciferae Nematodes (Heterodera glycines) (Soybean Cyst Nematode), Rice Heterodera Oryzae, Beet Heterodera Schachtii, Corn Heterodera zeae and General Heterodera spp.
  • Egyptian nematodes Hoplolaimus aegy
  • sorghum root knot nematode Longidorus spp.
  • Meloidogyne acronea Meloidogyne africana, Meloidogyne arenaria, Meloidogyne arenaria thamesi, Meloidogyne artiella, Meloidogyne chitwoodi, Coffee root-knot nematode ( Meloidogyne coffeicola, Meloidogyne ethiopica, Meloidogyne exigua, Meloidogyne graminicola, Meloidogyne graminis, Meloidogyne graminis, Meloidogyne graminis, Meloidogyne graminis, Meloidogyne graminis, Meloidogyne exigua Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne incognita acrit
  • Trichodorus sparsus and Trichodorus spp. farmland dwarf nematode (Tylenchorhynchus agri), cabbage dwarf nematode (Tylenchorhynchus brassicae), clear dwarf nematode (Tylenchorhynchus spp.), Clayton dwarf nematode (Tylenchorhynchus claytoni), digita aris) and general dwarf nematode species (Tylenchorhynchus spp.), semi-penetrating nematode (Tylenchulus semipen
  • nematodes examples include, but are not limited to, root-knot nematodes, such as Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne javanica, Meloidogyne hapla, and Meloidogyne hapla (Meloidogyne incognita).
  • root-knot nematodes such as Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne javanica, Meloidogyne hapla, and Meloidogyne hapla (Meloidogyne incognita).
  • Ditylenchus nematodes such as potato rot nematodes (Ditylenchus destructor) and bulb and stem nematodes (Ditylenchus dipsaci); Pratylenchus nematodes, For example, corn root damage nematodes (Pratylenchus penetrans), chrysanthemum root damage nematodes (Pratylenchus fallax), coffee root damage nematodes (Pratylenchus coffeae), tea tree root damage nematodes (Pratylenchus loosi) and walnut root damage nematodes (Pratylenchus vulnus); Globodera nematodes, such as golden nematodes (Globodera rostochiensis) ) And potato cyst nematode (Globodera pallida); Heterodera nematodes, such as soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines) and be
  • the fumigant of the present invention fumigates the soil after mulching, and can effectively prevent and control diseases and insect pests that cause the soil to sit on obstacles. It can be used before and after planting.
  • the fumigant of the present invention has a long lasting period, can extend the lasting period of active ingredients to a large extent, reduce the problem of volatilization with water, and reduce the irritation of cinnamaldehyde to human skin.
  • the fumigant of the present invention can not only be used for soil fumigation before crop planting, but also can be used for soil fumigation after crop planting to prevent soil-borne diseases and insect pests. It is safe for crop seedlings throughout the growing season. Medicine can be used throughout.
  • the raw materials and reagents used in the following examples are all commercially available products, or can be prepared by known methods.
  • control area (CK group) was not administered any drugs.
  • Root knot nematode disease Level 0: healthy seedlings are disease-free (no root knots on the root system); Level 1: less than 10% have root knots on the root system, but the root knots are not connected to each other; Level 2: 11% ⁇ 30 % Of the root system has root knots, only a few root knots are connected to each other; Level 3: 31%-50% of the root systems have root knots, and less than half of the roots are connected to each other; Level 4: 51% to 75% of the root systems have roots Knot, more than half of the root knots are connected to each other, and some of the main and lateral roots are thickened and deformed; Grade 5: More than 75% of the roots have root knots and are connected to each other, and most of the main and lateral roots are thickened and deformed.
  • Root-knot nematodes refer to NY/T 1833.1-2009 "Nematicides in the Guidelines for Indoor Bioassay Tests for Pesticides" Part 1: Inhibition of phytopathogenic nematodes test infestation method.
  • the cinnamaldehyde 1% acetone solution
  • an aqueous solution containing Tween 80 emulsifier and acetone (the volume ratio of acetone and water is used). 5:95) (Tween 80 + acetone diluted 100 times) as a control.
  • Mortality number of dead nematodes/number of treated nematodes ⁇ 100%
  • Grubs and mole crickets refer to NY/T 1154.6-2006 "Insecticides for Indoor Bioassay Test Guidelines for Pesticides" Part 6 and 14: Insecticide activity test, soaking method, leaf soaking method, in the pre-test to determine the concentration range of the agent
  • cinnamaldehyde 1% acetone solution
  • an aqueous solution containing Tween 80 emulsifier and acetone (the volume ratio of acetone and water is 5:95) (Tween 80+acetone diluted 100 times) as a control.
  • Mycelial growth rate method This test is in accordance with the agricultural industry standard of the People's Republic of China (NY/T 1156.2-2006), using the mycelial growth rate method for determination.
  • the medicament (cinnamaldehyde) was diluted with sterile water into a series of concentration gradient mother liquor (25mg/L, 50mg/L, 100mg/L, 150mg/L, 200mg/L).
  • concentration gradient mother liquor 25mg/L, 50mg/L, 100mg/L, 150mg/L, 200mg/L.
  • 5% cinnamaldehyde EC 5% cinnamaldehyde, 2% 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT), 8% Tween 80, supplemented with cyclohexanone.
  • 5% cinnamaldehyde water emulsion 5% cinnamaldehyde, 2% 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT), 8% Tween 80, 20% cyclohexanone, water supplement.
  • BHT 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol
  • cinnamon aldehyde granules 5% cinnamon aldehyde granules: 5% cinnamaldehyde, 2% 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT), 2% DMSO, 5% NNO, brick fill.
  • Control object root knot nematode
  • Active ingredient dosage 1.5 kg/ha
  • the diseased roots of cucumber root knots were crushed and mixed with 9 times the weight of wet sand soil to prepare root knot nematode inoculums.
  • cucumbers When cucumbers were planted, they were applied to the holes in an amount of about 180 kg ⁇ hm -2 for artificial inoculation.
  • the application method of 5% cinnamaldehyde EC and 5% cinnamaldehyde aqueous emulsion is fumigation with film covering 7 days before planting cucumber.
  • the application method of 5% cinnamaldehyde granules is to apply the granules to the mixed soil hole before cucumber planting, and then directly cover the cucumber after planting. No other nematode agents were applied during the test.
  • Root knot nematode disease Two months after application, the root-knot nematode harm was investigated.
  • Grading method of root knot nematode disease Level 0: Healthy seedlings are disease-free (no root knots on the root system); Level 1: There are root knots on the root system below 10%, but the root knots are not connected to each other; Level 2: 11% ⁇ 30 % Of the root system has root knots, only a few root knots are connected to each other; Level 3: 31%-50% of the root systems have root knots, and less than half of the roots are connected to each other; Level 4: 51% to 75% of the root systems have roots Knot, more than half of the root knots are connected to each other, and part of the main and lateral roots are thickened and deformed; Grade 5: More than 75% of the roots have root knots and are connected to each other, and most of the main and lateral roots are thickened and deformed.
  • 5% cinnamaldehyde solution 5% cinnamaldehyde, 2% 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT), 10% Tween 80, 10% DMSO, DMF supplement.
  • BHT 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol
  • Control object root knot nematode
  • Active ingredient dosage 1.5 kg/ha
  • the diseased roots of tomato root knots were crushed and mixed with 9 times the weight of wet sand to prepare a root knot nematode inoculum.
  • the tomato was planted, it was injected into the hole at an amount of about 180 kg ⁇ hm -2 for artificial inoculation.
  • a liquid preparation 5% cinnamaldehyde solution
  • Another kind of granules 5% cinnamaldehyde granules
  • No other nematode agents were applied during the test.
  • Root knot nematode disease Two months after application, the root-knot nematode harm was investigated.
  • Grading method of root knot nematode disease Level 0: Healthy seedlings are disease-free (no root knots on the root system); Level 1: There are root knots on the root system below 10%, but the root knots are not connected to each other; Level 2: 11% ⁇ 30 % Of the root system has root knots, only a few root knots are connected to each other; Level 3: 31%-50% of the root systems have root knots, and less than half of the roots are connected to each other; Level 4: 51% to 75% of the root systems have roots Knot, more than half of the root knots are connected to each other, and part of the main and lateral roots are thickened and deformed; Grade 5: More than 75% of the roots have root knots and are connected to each other, and most of the main and lateral roots are thickened and deformed.
  • Control object root knot nematode
  • Active ingredient dosage 1.5 kg/ha
  • the diseased roots of ginger root knots were crushed and mixed with 9 times the weight of wet sandy soil to prepare root knot nematode inoculums.
  • the root knots were injected into the holes at an amount of about 180 kg ⁇ hm -2 for artificial inoculation.
  • the application method of 5% cinnamaldehyde EC is that half a month after ginger planting and emergence, the liquid preparation is flushed under the water film.
  • the 5% cinnamaldehyde granules are mixed with the granules before planting ginger, and the ginger is planted and covered with a film.
  • 5% cinnamaldehyde suspension 5% cinnamaldehyde, 2% 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT), 2% NNO (sodium methylene naphthalene sulfonate), 3% Tween 80, 5% propylene glycol, 0.2% sodium benzoate, 0.3% xanthan gum, deionized water make up.
  • Control object root knot nematode
  • Active ingredient dosage 1.5 kg/ha
  • the diseased roots of the root knot of Panax notoginseng were crushed and mixed with 9 times the weight of wet sand to prepare the root knot nematode inoculum.
  • the root knot of Panax notoginseng was planted, it was injected into the hole at an amount of about 180 kg ⁇ hm -2 for artificial inoculation.
  • the application method of 5% cinnamaldehyde suspension is that after planting Panax notoginseng, the agent is flushed under the water film after emergence. The 5% cinnamaldehyde granules are sprayed on the soil before planting, replanted and covered with film. No other nematode agents were applied during the test.
  • Root knot nematode disease Two months after application, the root-knot nematode harm was investigated.
  • Grading method of root knot nematode disease Level 0: Healthy seedlings are disease-free (no root knots on the root system); Level 1: There are root knots on the root system below 10%, but the root knots are not connected to each other; Level 2: 11% ⁇ 30 % Of the root system has root knots, only a few root knots are connected to each other; Level 3: 31%-50% of the root systems have root knots, and less than half of the roots are connected to each other; Level 4: 51% to 75% of the root systems have roots Knot, more than half of the root knots are connected to each other, and part of the main and lateral roots are thickened and deformed; Grade 5: More than 75% of the roots have root knots and are connected to each other, and most of the main and lateral roots are thickened and deformed.
  • 5% cinnamaldehyde powder 5% cinnamaldehyde, 2% 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT), 5% NNO (sodium methylene naphthalene sulfonate), kaolin supplement.
  • Control object Ditylenchus rotundus
  • Active ingredient dosage 1.5 kg/ha
  • the potato diseased block was crushed and mixed with 9 times the weight of wet sand to prepare a Ditylenchus inoculum.
  • the potato was planted, it was applied to the hole at an amount of about 180 kg ⁇ hm -2 for artificial inoculation.
  • pesticides There are two ways to apply pesticides: one is to spray the ditch after the powder is dissolved and diluted before the potato is planted, and then plant the potato pieces. The other is to plant potatoes before planting the potatoes in granules and ditch the soil, and then mulch them. After the potatoes were planted, no other nematode agents were applied during the test period.
  • Dity nematode disease hazard classification method 0 level, no harm; level 1, potato pieces are damaged, and the diseased area accounts for less than 25% of the area of the potato pieces; level 2: the diseased area accounts for 25% to 50% of the area of the potato pieces; level 3: The diseased area accounts for 50% to 75% of the potato block area; Level 4: The diseased area accounts for more than 75% of the potato block area.
  • 5% cinnamaldehyde microemulsion 5% cinnamaldehyde, 2% 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT), 20% Tween 80, 5% epichlorohydrin, deionized water to make up.
  • BHT 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol
  • Control object root knot nematode
  • Active ingredient dosage 1.5 kg/ha
  • the two formulations in Table 13 used root irrigation methods.
  • the root-knot nematode-infected citrus trees were irrigated.
  • the root-knot nematodes were irrigated and covered with a film. Two months after the application, the root-knot nematode damage was investigated.
  • Root knot nematode disease Level 0: Healthy seedlings are disease-free (no root knots on the root system); Level 1: There are root knots on the root system below 10%, but the root knots are not connected to each other; Level 2: 11% ⁇ 30 % Of the root system has root knots, only a few root knots are connected to each other; Level 3: 31%-50% of the root systems have root knots, and less than half of the roots are connected to each other; Level 4: 51% to 75% of the root systems have roots Knot, more than half of the root knots are connected to each other, and part of the main and lateral roots are thickened and deformed; Grade 5: More than 75% of the roots have root knots and are connected to each other, and most of the main and lateral roots are thickened and deformed.

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Abstract

一种以肉桂醛为活性成分的土壤熏蒸产品及其应用，熏蒸剂进行覆膜后土壤熏蒸，能够有效防除引起土壤连坐障碍的病虫害。在作物种植前和种植后都可使用。该熏蒸剂持效期长，能够很大程度地延长活性成分的持效期，减少随水挥发地问题，降低了肉桂醛对人体皮肤的刺激。与现有的熏蒸剂相比不仅可以在作物种植前用于土壤熏蒸，重点是在作物种植后也可以用于土壤熏蒸以防除土传病虫害，对作物幼苗安全，整个生长季全程可用药。

Description

一种以肉桂醛为活性成分的土壤熏蒸产品及其应用
本申请要求2019年9月16日向中国国家知识产权局提交的，专利申请号为201910872408.0，发明名称为“一种以肉桂醛为活性成分的土壤熏蒸产品及其应用”在先申请的优先权。该申请的全文通过引用的方式结合于本申请中。
技术领域
本发明属于农药技术领域，具体涉及一种以肉桂醛为活性成分的土壤熏蒸产品及其应用。
背景技术
随着我国温室大棚种植区不断扩大，作物连年重复种植，土壤连坐障碍已成为制约棚内作物生长的一个主要方面，引起作物连作障碍的原因主要就是土传病虫害，现阶段利用化学熏蒸剂进行土壤消毒是防控连作障碍最常用的方法之一，目前生产上广泛使用的土壤熏蒸剂主要为棉隆、威百亩、氯化苦、糠醛、异硫氰酸烯丙酯等。其中糠醛为美国登记，原药(含量99.7％，EPA登记号75753-2)和制剂(Agriguard multiguard protect，含量90.0％，EPA登记号75753-1)，播种前/移栽前至少提前7天进行施药，每季施药不超过1次。异硫氰酸烯丙酯我国有登记，登记证号PD20181600，用于苗前土壤喷雾并覆膜熏蒸。这类熏蒸剂能有效杀灭土壤中害虫、真菌、细菌、杂草等，但它们需要在作物种植前使用，且在使用过程中极易产生药害。
肉桂醛(Cinnamaldehyde；CAS:104-55-2)又叫桂皮醛，化学名是β-苯基丙烯醛，广泛存在于樟科樟属植物中根、叶片中，尤其是肉桂植物中产出量比较可观，它广泛地应用于香料及调味工业中，并用以制造其它芳香料。肉桂醛的获取除了通过提取肉桂类植物根部、叶部等方式获得，也可以通过苯甲醛与乙醛缩合的方法化学合成，但不论天然的还是合成的肉桂醛，均是反式结构。已证明肉桂醛对动物体内真菌有显著疗效，对大肠杆菌、枯草杆菌及金黄色葡萄菌、白色葡萄球菌、志贺氏痢疾杆菌、伤寒和副伤寒甲杆菌、肺炎球菌、产气杆菌、变形杆菌、炭疽杆菌、肠炎沙门氏菌，霍乱弧菌等有抑制作用，常常用于动物饲料中的添加剂。
肉桂醛在植物上的杀菌活性近年来也有研究报道，肉桂醛对辣椒疫霉有抑制作用(刘丽.江苏农业学报,2014,(第2期))，对烟草疫霉菌有体外抑制作用(凌天孝，中国烟草学报,2017,(第4期))。
此外，相关的专利文献也公开了肉桂醛防治虫害的用途。例如，专利文献US4978686公开了将10g白炭黑和10g肉桂醛与可预定量的抗氧化剂混合并混合佐剂，其对根结线虫具有杀虫活性；专利文献CN 1176576A公开了用含有肉桂醛的各种制剂处理根结线虫、树皮线虫，证明具有杀虫活性；专利文献FR2529755A1、JPS57120501A、WO9515082A1、US2011218104A1、KR20070065930A等都有肉桂醛防治根结线虫及相关真菌病害的报道。
然而，肉桂醛对根结线虫及相关真菌病害的防治效果仍有待进一步改善。
发明内容
为改善上述技术问题，本发明提供一种熏蒸剂，包含以重量百分比计的如下成分：5％-85％肉桂醛，0.1％-5％防氧化剂。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述熏蒸剂还包含助剂。优选地，所述熏蒸剂包含以重量百分比计的如下成分：5％-85％肉桂醛，0.1％-5％防氧化剂，其余为助剂。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述熏蒸剂以肉桂醛为活性成分。
根据本发明的实施方案，以重量百分比计，所述熏蒸剂中肉桂醛的含量为5％-65％，优选5％-45％，还优选5％-25。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述熏蒸剂中成分的含量是折纯含量，即以所述成分的纯品的含量表示所述成分的重量百分比含量。例如，所述熏蒸剂中肉桂醛的含量均是折纯含量。本领域技术人员应当理解，可以根据肉桂醛母液或化学合成所得肉桂醛原药中的肉桂醛含量，计算出熏蒸剂所需的肉桂醛折纯含量(即，实际投料量)。
根据本发明的实施方案，如无特殊说明，本发明所说的百分比均为重量百分比。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述防氧化剂为2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚(BHT)。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述的助剂可为选自溶剂、乳化剂、油剂或填充剂等中的至少一种。
本发明还提供所述熏蒸剂的制备方法，包括将所述成分混合，以制备得到熏蒸剂。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述熏蒸剂可制成针对不同使用场合的熏蒸剂；该类产品的剂型包括但不限于乳油、水乳剂、水剂、悬浮剂、微乳剂、可溶液剂、微胶囊悬浮剂、可湿性粉剂、粉剂(非可湿性粉剂)、水分散粒剂、颗粒剂等制剂。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述熏蒸剂可以为乳油剂，例如用于土壤施用的乳油剂。优选地，所述乳油剂可包含以重量百分比计的如下成分：
肉桂醛：1％-60％，
防氧化剂：0.1％-2.5％，
乳化剂：5％-20％，
用溶剂补至100％。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述防氧化剂优选为2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚(BHT)。
根据本发明的实施方案，以重量百分比计，所述乳化剂的含量可以为5％、6％、7％、8％、9％、10％、11％、12％、13％、14％、15％、16％、17％、18％、19％、20％。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述乳化剂为农乳100#、TX-10、农乳500号、农乳602、OP500、OP10、吐温80或农乳600#中的至少一种。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述乳油剂可包含以重量百分比计的5％-8％的农乳100#或600#，和/或3％-8％吐温80。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述溶剂为有机溶剂或两种以上有机溶剂构成的混合溶剂；所述有机溶剂选自酮类溶剂，例如环己酮；所述混合溶剂为芳烃类溶剂油、乙酸乙酯或N-甲基吡咯烷酮中的两种以上的混合，其中优选体积比为1:1的芳烃类溶剂油和N-甲基吡咯烷酮。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述乳油的制备方法包括：先将防氧化剂与溶剂混合，搅拌，再加入包含肉桂醛的母液、乳化剂，搅拌均匀。
优选地，搅拌均匀后，检测含量，分装于双重阻隔塑料瓶中，密封贮藏。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述熏蒸剂可以为水乳剂，例如用于土壤施用的水乳剂。优选地，所述水乳剂包含以重量百分比计的如下成分：
肉桂醛：1％-50％，
防氧化剂：0.1％-4％，
乳化剂：6％-28％，
溶剂：10％-28％，
用水补至100％。
根据本发明的实施方案，以重量百分比计，所述乳化剂的含量可以为6％、7％、8％、9％、10％、11％、12％、13％、14％、15％、16％、17％、18％、19％、20％。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述的乳化剂为吐温80、4103、Well201、TX-10、农乳500 号、602或WellM30等乳化剂中的至少一种。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述水乳剂可以包含以重量百分比计的8％吐温80。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述的溶剂为芳香烃类溶剂或环已酮等。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述水乳剂的制备方法包括：先将防氧化剂与溶剂混合，再加入包含肉桂醛的母液、乳化剂，搅拌均匀，将混合液加入水中均质。
优选地，均质后，检测含量，分装于双重阻隔塑料瓶中玻璃瓶或内涂阻隔层的铝瓶中，密封贮藏。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述熏蒸剂可以为水剂，例如用于土壤施用的水剂。优选地，所述水剂包含以重量百分比计的如下成分：
肉桂醛：1％-80％，
防氧化剂：1％-5％，
乳化剂：12％-28％，
用水补至100％。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述水剂的制备方法包括：先将防氧化剂与溶剂混合，再加入包含肉桂醛的母液、乳化剂，搅拌均匀。
优选地，搅拌均匀后，检测含量，分装于双重阻隔塑料瓶中玻璃瓶或内涂阻隔层的铝瓶中，密封贮藏。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述熏蒸剂可以为悬浮剂，例如用于土壤施用的悬浮剂。优选地，所述悬浮剂包含以重量百分比计的如下成分：
肉桂醛：1％-80％，
防氧化剂：1％-5％，
乳化剂：1％-20％，
增稠剂：0.01％-1％，
防腐剂：0.1％-1％，
消泡剂：0.1％-2％，
防冻剂：1％-5％，
用水补至100％。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述乳化剂选自吐温80、三苯乙烯基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯三乙醇铵盐、木质素磺酸盐或萘磺酸盐中的至少一种。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述增稠剂为黄原胶、硅酸镁铝或明胶中的至少一种。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述防腐剂为苯甲酸钠或苯甲酸中的至少一种。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述防冻剂为丙二醇。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述消泡剂为NNO(亚甲基双萘磺酸钠)。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述悬浮剂的制备过程为：先将乳化剂、消泡剂、水混合，再加入防氧化剂、含肉桂醛的母液，均质砂磨。
优选地，在均质砂磨后，加入防冻剂、防腐剂、增稠剂再均质，检测含量，分装于双重阻隔塑料瓶中玻璃瓶或内涂阻隔层的铝瓶中，密封贮藏。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述熏蒸剂可以为微乳剂，例如用于土壤施用的微乳剂。优选地，所述微乳剂包含以重量百分比计的如下成分：
肉桂醛：1％-80％，
防氧化剂：1％-5％，
乳化剂：12％-28％
溶剂：1％-10％
用水补至100％。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述乳化剂选自吐温80。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述溶剂选自环氧氯丙烷。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述微乳剂的制备方法包括：先将防氧化剂与溶剂混合，再加入含肉桂醛的母液、乳化剂，搅拌均匀。优选地，进一步加入溶剂和水，搅拌均匀。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述熏蒸剂可以为颗粒剂，例如用于土壤施用的颗粒剂。优选地，所述颗粒剂包含以重量百分比计的如下成分：
肉桂醛：1％-40％，
防氧化剂：1％-5％，
分散剂：2％-8％，
溶剂：0％-10％，
砖粒补足。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述分散剂选自NNO(亚甲基双萘磺酸钠)。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述溶剂选自DMSO、DMF中的一种或其混合物。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述颗粒剂的制备方法包括：将肉桂醛、防氧化剂、分散剂与溶剂混合均匀，使用砖粒充分吸附、混合均匀。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述熏蒸剂可以为可溶液剂，例如用于土壤施用的可溶液剂。 优选地，所述可溶液剂包含以重量百分比计的如下成分：
肉桂醛：1％-80％，
防氧化剂：1％-5％，
乳化剂：5％-20％，
溶剂补足。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述分散剂选自吐温80。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述溶剂选自DMSO、DMF中的一种或其混合物。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述可溶液剂的制备方法包括：先将防氧化剂与溶剂混合，再加入含肉桂醛的母液、乳化剂，搅拌均匀。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述熏蒸剂可以为粉剂，例如用于土壤施用的粉剂。优选地，所述粉剂包含以重量百分比计的如下成分：
肉桂醛：1％-40％，
防氧化剂：1％-5％，
分散剂：2％-8％
溶剂：0％-10％
高岭土补足。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述分散剂选自NNO(亚甲基双萘磺酸钠)。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述粉剂的制备方法包括：将肉桂醛、防氧化剂、分散剂与溶剂混合均匀，使用惰性载体高岭土充分吸附，将混合粉料过气流粉碎得到粉剂制剂。
本发明还提供一种防治病虫害(如土传病虫害)的方法，包括向作物种植前和/或种植后施用所述熏蒸剂。
本发明还提供所述熏蒸剂的用途，其用于病虫害(如土传病虫害)。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述熏蒸剂施用时，优选采用覆膜的方式。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述熏蒸剂在作物种植前和/或种植后施用并进行覆膜，优选在种植后施用并覆膜。
根据本发明的实施方案，所述土传病虫害包括但不限于线虫、蛴螬、蝼蛄等地下害虫，以及可引起植株根腐、茎基腐、青枯病等的真菌、细菌。
示例性地，所述的线虫包括但不限于：例如土壤粗纹膜垫线虫(Aglenchus agricola)，小麦粒瘿线虫(Anguina tritici)，花生拟滑刃线虫(Aphelenchoides arachidis)、草莓拟滑刃线虫(Aphelenchoides fragaria)和一般拟滑刃线虫属种(Aphelenchoides spp.)的茎和叶内寄生虫， 细小刺线虫(Belonolaimus gracilis)、长尾刺线虫(Belonolaimus longicaudatus)、Belonolaimus nortoni，荒漠伞滑刃线虫(Bursaphelenchus eremus)、嗜木质伞滑刃线虫(Bursaphelenchus xylophilus)和一般伞滑刃线虫属种(Bursaphelenchus spp.)，Cacopaurus pestis，弯曲轮线虫(Criconemella curvata)、俄尼小环线虫(Criconemella onoensis)、装饰小环线虫(Criconemella ornata)、Criconemella rusium、薄叶小环线虫(Criconemella xenoplax)(薄叶间环线虫(Mesocriconema xenoplax))和一般小环线虫属种(Criconemella spp.)，弗尼亚小环线虫(Criconemoides ferniae)、俄尼小环线虫(Criconemoides onoense)、装饰小环线虫(Criconemoides ornatum)和一般轮线虫属种(Criconemoides spp.)，毁坏茎线虫(Ditylenchus destructor)、起绒草茎线虫(Ditylenchus dipsaci)、食菌茎线虫(Ditylenchus myceliophagus)和一般茎线虫属种(Ditylenchus spp.)的茎和叶内寄生虫，Dolichodorus heterocephalus，苍白球皮线虫(Globodera pallida)(苍白异皮线虫(Heterodera pallida))、罗斯托赫球皮线虫(Globodera rostochiensis)(马铃薯孢囊线虫)、茄球皮线虫(Globodera solanacearum)、烟草球皮线虫(Globodera tabacum)、弗吉尼亚球皮线虫(Globodera virginia)和一般球皮线虫属种(Globodera spp.)的定栖寄生虫和形成孢囊的寄生虫，双角螺旋线虫(Helicotylenchus digonicus)、双宫螺旋线虫(Helicotylenchus dihystera)、刺桐螺旋线虫(Helicotylenchus erythrine)、多带螺旋线虫(Helicotylenchus multicinctus)、短螺旋线虫(Helicotylenchus nannus)、假强壮螺旋线虫(Helicotylenchus pseudorobustus)和一般螺旋线虫属种(Helicotylenchus spp.)，半轮线虫属(Hemicriconemoides)，花生鞘线虫(Hemicycliophora arenaria)、Hemicycliophora nudata、微细鞘线虫(Hemicycliophora parvana)，燕麦异皮线虫(Heterodera avenae)、十字花科异皮线虫(Heterodera cruciferae)、大豆异皮线虫(Heterodera glycines)(大豆孢囊线虫)、水稻异皮线虫(Heterodera oryzae)、甜菜异皮线虫(Heterodera schachtii)、玉米异皮线虫(Heterodera zeae)和一般异皮线虫属种(Heterodera spp.)的定栖寄生虫和形成孢囊的寄生虫，纤细潜根线虫(Hirschmaniella gracilis)、水稻潜根线虫(Hirschmaniella oryzae)、刺尾潜根线虫(Hirschmaniella spinicaudata)和一般潜根线虫属种(Hirschmaniella spp.)的茎和叶内寄生虫，埃及纽线虫(Hoplolaimus aegyptii)、加利福尼亚纽带线虫(Hoplolaimus californicus)、哥伦比亚纽带线虫(Hoplolaimus columbus)、帽状纽带线虫(Hoplolaimus galeatus)、印度纽带线虫(Hoplolaimus indicus)、大针纽带线虫(Hoplolaimus magnistylus)、似强壮纽带线虫(Hoplolaimus pararobustus)，非洲长针线虫(Longidorus africanus)、短环长针线虫(Longidorus breviannulatus)、逃逸长针线虫(Longidorus elongatus)、Longidorus  laevicapitatus、Longidorus vineacola和一般长针线虫属种(Longidorus spp.)的外寄生虫，高粱根结线虫(Meloidogyne acronea)、非洲根结线虫(Meloidogyne africana)、花生根结线虫(Meloidogyne arenaria)、Meloidogyne arenaria thamesi、甘蓝根结线虫(Meloidogyne artiella)、奇氏根结线虫(Meloidogyne chitwoodi)、咖啡根结线虫(Meloidogyne coffeicola)、埃塞俄比亚根结线虫(Meloidogyne ethiopica)、短小根结线虫(Meloidogyne exigua)、禾草生根结线虫(Meloidogyne graminicola)、禾草根结线虫(Meloidogyne graminis)、北方根结线虫(Meloidogyne hapla)、南方根结线虫(Meloidogyne incognita)、Meloidogyne incognita acrita、爪哇根结线虫(Meloidogyne javanica)、吉库尤根结线虫(Meloidogyne kikuyensis)、纳西根结线虫(Meloidogyne naasi)、巴拉纳根结线虫(Meloidogyne paranaensis)、泰晤士根结线虫(Meloidogyne thamesi)和一般根结线虫属种(Meloidogyne spp.)的定栖寄生虫，球形线虫属种(Meloinema spp.)，异常珍珠线虫(Nacobbus aberrans)，Neotylenchus vigissi，Paraphelenchus pseudoparietinus，葱拟毛刺线虫(Paratrichodorus allius)、Paratrichodorus lobatus、较小拟毛刺线虫(Paratrichodorus minor)、短小拟毛刺线虫(Paratrichodorus nanus)、多孔拟毛刺线虫(Paratrichodorus porosus)、光滑拟毛刺线虫(Paratrichodorus teres)和一般拟毛刺线虫属种(Paratrichodorus spp.)，具钩针线虫(Paratylenchus hamatus)、微小针线虫(Paratylenchus minutus)、突出针线虫(Paratylenchus projectus)和一般针线虫属种(Paratylenchus spp.)，敏捷短体线虫(Pratylenchus agilis)、艾伦短体线虫(Pratylenchus alleni)、安第斯短体线虫(Pratylenchus andinus)、短尾短体线虫(Pratylenchus brachyurus)、谷类短体线虫(Pratylenchus cerealis)、咖啡短体线虫(Pratylenchus coffeae)、刻痕短体线虫(Pratylenchus crenatus)、德拉特短体线虫(Pratylenchus delattrei)、Pratylenchus giibbicaudatus、Pratylenchus goodeyi、具钩短体线虫(Pratylenchus hamatus)、六裂短体线虫(Pratylenchus hexincisus)、卢斯短体线虫(Pratylenchus loosi)、落选短体线虫(Pratylenchus neglectus)、穿刺短体线虫(Pratylenchus penetrans)、草地短体线虫(Pratylenchus pratensis)、斯克里布纳短体线虫(Pratylenchus scribneri)、光滑短体线虫(Pratylenchus teres)、索氏短体线虫(Pratylenchus thornei)、伤残短体线虫(Pratylenchus vulnus)、玉米短体线虫(Pratylenchus zeae)和一般短体线虫属种(Pratylenchus spp.)的迁移内寄生虫，Pseudohalenchus minutus，Psilenchus magnidens、尾粗裸矛线虫(Psilenchus tumidus)，查尔科斑皮线虫(Punctodera chalcoensis)，尖锐五沟线虫(Quinisulcius acutus)，嗜柑橘穿孔线虫(Radopholus citrophilus)、相似穿孔线虫(Radopholus similis)、一般穿孔线虫属种(Radopholus spp.)的迁移内寄生虫，北方小盘旋线虫(Rotylenchulus borealis)、小肾 形线虫(Rotylenchulus parvus)、肾形小盘旋线虫(Rotylenchulus reniformis)和一般小盘旋线虫属种(Rotylenchulus spp.)，同瓣草盘旋线虫(Rotylenchus laurentinus)、大囊盘旋线虫(Rotylenchus macrodoratus)、强壮盘旋线虫(Rotylenchus robustus)、Rotylenchus uniformis和一般盘旋线虫属种(Rotylenchus spp.)，小尾盾线虫(Scutellonema brachyurum)、缓慢盾线虫(Scutellonema bradys)、Scutellonema clathricaudatum和一般盾线虫属种(Scutellonema spp.)的迁移内寄生虫，根瘿亚粒线虫(Subanguina radiciola)，烟草细垫线虫(Tetylenchus nicotianae)，圆桶毛刺线虫(Trichodorus cylindricus)、小毛刺线虫(Trichodorus minor)、昏暗毛刺线虫(Trichodorus primitivus)、邻近毛刺线虫(Trichodorus proximus)、相似毛刺线虫(Trichodorus similis)、稀少毛刺线虫(Trichodorus sparsus)和一般毛刺线虫属种(Trichodorus spp.)的外寄生虫，农田矮化线虫(Tylenchorhynchus agri)、甘蓝矮化线虫(Tylenchorhynchus brassicae)、清亮矮化线虫(Tylenchorhynchus clarus)、克莱顿矮化线虫(Tylenchorhynchus claytoni)、指状矮化线虫(Tylenchorhynchus digitatus)、Tylenchorhynchus ebriensis、最大矮化线虫(Tylenchorhynchus maximus)、裸矮化线虫(Tylenchorhynchus nudus)、寻常矮化线虫(Tylenchorhynchus vulgaris)和一般矮化线虫属种(Tylenchorhynchus spp.)，半穿刺线虫(Tylenchulus semipenetrans)和一般半穿刺线虫属种(Tylenchulus spp.)的半寄生虫，美洲剑线虫(Xiphinema americanum)、短颈剑线虫(Xiphinema brevicolle)、剑线虫属(Xiphinema)。
所述线虫的实例包括但不限于：根结线虫属线虫，例如南方根结线虫(Meloidogyne incognita)、爪哇根结线虫(Meloidogyne javanica)、北方根结线虫(Meloidogyne hapla)和花生根结线虫(Meloidogyne arenaria)；茎线虫属(Ditylenchus)线虫，例如马铃薯腐烂线虫(毁坏茎线虫(Ditylenchus destructor))和球茎和茎线虫(起绒草茎线虫(Ditylenchus dipsaci))；短体线虫属(Pratylenchus)线虫，例如玉米根损害线虫(穿刺短体线虫(Pratylenchus penetrans))、菊根损害线虫(假短体线虫(Pratylenchus fallax))、咖啡根损害线虫(咖啡短体线虫(Pratylenchus coffeae))、茶树根损害线虫(卢斯短体线虫(Pratylenchus loosi))和胡桃根损害线虫(伤残短体线虫(Pratylenchus vulnus))；球皮属(Globodera)线虫，例如黄金线虫(罗斯托赫球皮线虫(Globodera rostochiensis))和马铃薯孢囊线虫(苍白球皮线虫(Globodera pallida))；异皮线虫属(Heterodera)线虫，例如大豆孢囊线虫(大豆异皮线虫(Heterodera glycines))和甜菜孢囊线虫(甜菜异皮线虫(Heterodera schachtii))；拟滑刃线虫属(Aphelenchoides)线虫，例如稻干尖线虫(贝西拟滑刃线虫(Aphelenchoides besseyi))、菊叶线虫(菊叶芽拟滑刃线虫(Aphelenchoides ritzemabosi))和草莓线虫(草莓拟滑刃线虫(Aphelenchoides fragariae))；滑刃线虫属(Aphelenchus)线虫，例如食菌线虫(燕麦滑刃线虫(Aphelenchus avenae))；穿孔线 虫属(Radopholus)线虫，例如掘穴线虫(相似穿孔线虫(Radopholus similis))；半穿刺线虫属(Tylenchulus)线虫，例如柑橘线虫(半穿刺线虫(Tylenchulus semipenetrans))；小盘旋线虫属(Rotylenchulus)线虫，例如肾形线虫(肾形小盘旋线虫(Rotylenchulus reniformis))；存在于树木中的线虫，例如松木线虫(嗜木质伞滑刃线虫(Bursaphelenchus xylophilus))等。
有益效果
本发明的熏蒸剂进行覆膜后土壤熏蒸，能够有效防除引起土壤连坐障碍的病虫害。在作物种植前和种植后都可使用。
本发明的熏蒸剂持效期长，能够很大程度地延长活性成分的持效期，减少随水挥发的问题，降低了肉桂醛对人体皮肤的刺激。
本发明的熏蒸剂与现有的熏蒸剂相比不仅可以在作物种植前用于土壤熏蒸，重点是在作物种植后也可以用于土壤熏蒸以防除土传病虫害，对作物幼苗安全，整个生长季全程可用药。
具体实施方式
下文将结合具体实施例对本发明的技术方案做更进一步的详细说明。应当理解，下列实施例仅为示例性地说明和解释本发明，而不应被解释为对本发明保护范围的限制。凡基于本发明上述内容所实现的技术均涵盖在本发明旨在保护的范围内。
除非另有说明，以下实施例中使用的原料和试剂均为市售商品，或者可以通过已知方法制备。
以下实施例中若无特殊说明，对照区(CK组)不施用任何药剂。
试验例1对根结线虫室内盆栽试验
取根结线虫连年发生严重的冬暖棚内线虫土，室内与等量基质混合均匀后，等质量装入直径为14cm的花盆中，将试验药剂(肉桂醛或威百亩)按照设计稀释后以50ml/盆用量浇灌于栽种番茄幼苗的花盆中，用封口膜封闭后置于作物培养室中防治7d，揭开封口膜后晾7d，每盆种植1株4叶期番茄幼苗，于种植后30d、60d、90d随机取5盆，检查各处理对根结线虫防效。
根结线虫病危害的分级方法：0级：健苗无病(根系上无根结)；1级：10％以下根系上有根结，但根结相互不连接；2级：11％～30％的根系上有根结，仅少量根结相互连接；3级：31％～50％的根系上有根结，半数以下根结相互连接；4级：51％～75％的根系上有根结，半 数以上根结相互连接，且部分主、侧根变粗呈畸形；5级：75％以上的根系上有根结，且相互连接，多数主、侧根变粗呈畸形。
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000002
表1 肉桂醛等药剂对根结线虫盆栽的防治效果
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000003
结果如表1所示，可以看出，肉桂醛的持效时间较长。
实施例2对地下虫害毒力试验
根结线虫：参照NY/T 1833.1-2009《农药室内生物测定试验准则杀线虫剂》第1部分：抑制植物病原线虫试验浸虫法进行。在预试确定药剂浓度范围的基础上，将肉桂醛(1％丙酮溶液)用清水稀释成5～7个系列浓度，用含吐温80乳化剂和丙酮的水溶液(其中丙酮和水的体积比为5:95)(吐温80+丙酮稀释100倍)作对照。将收集的二龄幼虫用清水配成悬浮液(100条左右/mL)，用移液器移取0.5mL药液和0.5mL二龄幼虫悬浮液放于2mL计数皿中，重复3次，用细玻棒混匀后置于25℃恒温培养箱中，48小时后检查死、活线虫数。检查方法：将计数皿中的药液滤出仅保留线虫，加入2％氯化钠溶液1mL保持2分钟，身体僵直的为死虫，活虫卷曲或扭动，计算死亡率和校正死亡率。
死亡率＝死亡线虫数/处理线虫数×100％
校正死亡率＝(处理死亡率-对照死亡率)/(100-对照死亡率)×100％
蛴螬、蝼蛄：参照NY/T 1154.6-2006《农药室内生物测定试验准则杀虫剂》第6、14部分：杀虫剂活性试验浸虫法，浸叶法进行，在预试确定药剂浓度范围的基础上，将肉桂醛(1％丙酮溶液)用清水稀释成5～7个系列浓度，用含吐温80乳化剂和丙酮的水溶液(其中丙酮和水的体积比为5:95)(吐温80+丙酮稀释100倍)作对照。将蛴螬、蝼蛄在药液中浸泡15s后取出，在滤纸上晾干后放入装有食物的养虫盒中，并置于25℃恒温培养箱中黑暗培养，观察1、3、5天后各处理死虫率。
表2 肉桂醛对地下害虫的毒力测定试验
靶标 浓度(mg/L) 1d死亡率(％) 3d死亡率(％) 5d死亡率(％)
根结线虫 50 83.09 93.21 100.00
蛴螬 100 65.97 91.72 100.00
蝼蛄 100 72.81 93.57 100.00
结果如表2所示，可以看出，肉桂醛对根结线虫、蛴螬、蝼蛄具有良好的防治活性。
实施例3防治土传病害试验
菌丝生长速率法：本试验按照中华人民共和国农业行业标准(NY/T 1156.2-2006)，采用菌丝生长速率法进行测定。将药剂(肉桂醛)用无菌水稀释为一系列的浓度梯度母液(25mg/L、50mg/L、100mg/L、150mg/L、200mg/L)。在无菌操作条件下，根据试验处理将预先融化的培养基定量加入无菌锥形瓶中，从低浓度到高浓度依次定量吸取药液，分别加入上述锥形瓶中，充分摇匀。然后等量倒入3个直径9cm的培养皿中，制成相应浓度的含药PDA平板；将培养好的病原菌，在无菌条件下用直径7mm的灭菌打孔器，自菌落边缘打取菌饼，用接种器将菌饼接种于含药平板中央。溶剂对照加等量无菌水代替。在25℃下培养，待对照快要长满培养皿时用十字交叉法测量菌落直径(cm)，计算取平均值，计算抑制率，重复三次，多次重复得出结果。
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000004
表3 肉桂醛对三种土传病原菌毒力测定试验
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000005
肉桂醛对三种土传病原菌毒力值如表3所示，试验表明肉桂醛对绝大部分土传病害有良好的兼防作用。
实施例4田间药效试验
试验药剂：
表4试剂表
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000006
5％肉桂醛乳油：5％肉桂醛、2％2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚(BHT)、8％吐温80、环己酮补齐。
5％肉桂醛水乳剂：5％肉桂醛、2％2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚(BHT)、8％吐温80、20％环己酮、水补齐。
5％肉桂醛颗粒剂：5％肉桂醛、2％2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚(BHT)、2％DMSO、5％NNO，砖粒补齐。
如下实施例中涉及5％肉桂醛乳油、5％肉桂醛水乳剂及5％肉桂醛颗粒剂的配方与此处相同。
试验作物：黄瓜
防治对象：根结线虫
有效成分使用剂量：1.5千克/公顷
病情指数调查及防效调查方法：
将黄瓜根结的病根粉碎，与9倍重量湿沙土混均，制备成根结线虫接种体，在黄瓜栽植时，按照约180kg·hm -2的量施入穴内，进行人工接种。5％肉桂醛乳油和5％肉桂醛水乳剂的施用方式是在栽植黄瓜前7天覆膜熏蒸。5％肉桂醛颗粒剂的施用方式是黄瓜定植前将颗粒剂混土穴施，然后定植黄瓜后直接覆膜。在试验期间未施用其它线虫药剂。
施药后两个月，对根结线虫危害进行调查。根结线虫病危害的分级方法：0级：健苗无病(根系上无根结)；1级：10％以下根系上有根结，但根结相互不连接；2级：11％～30％的根系上有根结，仅少量根结相互连接；3级：31％～50％的根系上有根结，半数以下根结相互连接；4级：51％～75％的根系上有根结，半数以上根结相互连接，且部分主、侧根变粗呈畸形；5级：75％以上的根系上有根结，且相互连接，多数主、侧根变粗呈畸形。
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000007
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000008
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000009
药剂对土壤中线虫密度的影响调查及防效统计：
在根系调查的同时取土壤样品进行调查，每个小区各点土样混合后，取100g土分离线虫。
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000010
试验结果：
表5 含有肉桂醛不同制剂防治黄瓜根结线虫的田间防效及产量
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000011
由表5可知，采用覆膜的方式后，5％肉桂醛乳油、5％肉桂醛水乳剂及5％肉桂醛颗粒剂对黄瓜根结线虫具有很好的防治效果，说明采用覆膜熏蒸后，本发明的熏蒸剂持效期更长，能够很大程度地延长活性成分的持效期，减少随水挥发的问题，因而防治效果更好。
实施例5田间药效试验
试验药剂：
表6 试剂表
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000012
5％肉桂醛可溶液剂：5％肉桂醛、2％2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚(BHT)、10％吐温80、10％DMSO、DMF补齐。
试验作物：番茄
防治对象：根结线虫
有效成分使用剂量：1.5千克/公顷
病情指数调查及防效调查方法：
将番茄根结的病根粉碎，与9倍重量湿沙土混均，制备成根结线虫接种体，在番茄栽植时，按照约180kg·hm -2的量施入穴内，进行人工接种。施药方式两种：一种液体制剂(5％肉桂醛可溶液剂)，在栽植番茄覆膜后灌药。另一种颗粒剂(5％肉桂醛颗粒剂)，番茄定植前混土穴施。在试验期间未施用其它线虫药剂。
施药后两个月，对根结线虫危害进行调查。根结线虫病危害的分级方法：0级：健苗无病(根系上无根结)；1级：10％以下根系上有根结，但根结相互不连接；2级：11％～30％的根系上有根结，仅少量根结相互连接；3级：31％～50％的根系上有根结，半数以下根结相互连接；4级：51％～75％的根系上有根结，半数以上根结相互连接，且部分主、侧根变粗呈畸形；5级：75％以上的根系上有根结，且相互连接，多数主、侧根变粗呈畸形。
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000013
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000014
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000015
药剂对土壤中线虫密度的影响调查及防效统计：
在根系调查的同时取土壤样品进行调查，每个小区各点土样混合后，取100g土分离线虫。
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000016
试验结果：
表7 含有肉桂醛不同制剂防治番茄根结线虫的田间防效及产量
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000017
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000018
由表7可知，采用覆膜熏蒸的方式后，5％肉桂醛可溶液剂及5％肉桂醛颗粒剂对番茄根结线虫具有很好的防治效果。
实施例6田间药效试验
试验药剂：
表8 试剂表
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000019
试验作物：大姜
防治对象：根结线虫
有效成分使用剂量：1.5千克/公顷
病情指数调查及防效调查方法：
将大姜根结的病根粉碎，与9倍重量湿沙土混均，制备成根结线虫接种体，在大姜栽植时，按照约180kg·hm -2的量施入穴内，进行人工接种。5％肉桂醛乳油施药方式为大姜栽植出苗半个月后，液体制剂随水膜下冲施。5％肉桂醛颗粒剂是在栽植大姜前，将颗粒剂混土沟施，栽植大姜后覆膜。
施药后两个月，对根结线虫危害进行调查。根结线虫病危害的分级方法：0级，姜块无虫瘿；1级，姜块有少量虫瘿；3级，2/3姜块有虫瘿；5级，姜块布满小虫瘿；7级，姜块形成蚧皮团。
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000020
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000021
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000022
药剂对土壤中线虫密度的影响调查及防效统计：
在根系调查的同时取土壤样品进行调查，每个小区各点土样混合后，取100g土分离线虫。
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000023
试验结果：
表9 含有肉桂醛不同制剂防治大姜根结线虫的田间防效及产量
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000024
表9的数据说明，采用覆膜熏蒸的方式后，5％肉桂醛乳油及5％肉桂醛颗粒剂对大姜根结线虫具有很好的防治效果。
实施例7田间药效试验
试验药剂：
表10 试剂表
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000025
5％肉桂醛悬浮剂：5％肉桂醛、2％2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚(BHT)、2％NNO(亚甲基双萘磺酸钠)、3％吐温80、5％丙二醇、0.2％苯甲酸钠、0.3％黄原胶、去离子水补足。
试验作物：三七
防治对象：根结线虫
有效成分使用剂量：1.5千克/公顷
病情指数调查及防效调查方法：
将三七根结的病根粉碎，与9倍重量湿沙土混均，制备成根结线虫接种体，在三七栽植时，按照约180kg·hm -2的量施入穴内，进行人工接种。5％肉桂醛悬浮剂施药方式是在栽植三七后，出苗后药剂随水膜下冲施。5％肉桂醛颗粒剂是三七定植前混土撒施，再栽植，覆膜。在试验期间未施用其它线虫药剂。
施药后两个月，对根结线虫危害进行调查。根结线虫病危害的分级方法：0级：健苗无病(根系上无根结)；1级：10％以下根系上有根结，但根结相互不连接；2级：11％～30％的根系上有根结，仅少量根结相互连接；3级：31％～50％的根系上有根结，半数以下根结相互连接；4级：51％～75％的根系上有根结，半数以上根结相互连接，且部分主、侧根变粗呈畸形；5级：75％以上的根系上有根结，且相互连接，多数主、侧根变粗呈畸形。
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000026
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000027
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000028
药剂对土壤中线虫密度的影响调查及防效统计：
在根系调查的同时取土壤样品进行调查，每个小区各点土样混合后，取100g土分离线虫。
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000029
试验结果：
表11含有肉桂醛不同制剂防治三七根结线虫的田间防效及产量
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000030
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000031
表11的数据说明，采用覆膜熏蒸的方式后，5％肉桂醛悬浮剂及5％肉桂醛颗粒剂对三七根结线虫具有很好的防治效果。
实施例8田间药效试验
试验药剂：
表12 试剂表
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000032
5％肉桂醛粉剂：5％肉桂醛、2％2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚(BHT)、5％NNO(亚甲基双萘磺酸钠)、高岭土补足。
试验作物：马铃薯
防治对象：腐烂茎线虫
有效成分使用剂量：1.5千克/公顷
病情指数调查及防效调查方法：
将马铃薯病块粉碎，与9倍重量湿沙土混均，制备成茎线虫接种体，在马铃薯栽植时，按照约180kg·hm -2的量施入穴内，进行人工接种。施药方式分两种：一种是马铃薯定植前，粉剂溶解稀释后喷沟，再定植马铃薯块。另一种是马铃薯定植前，颗粒剂混土沟施后种马铃薯，然后覆膜。在栽植马铃薯后，在试验期间未施用其它线虫药剂。
在薯块收获期，对腐烂茎线虫危害进行调查。腐烂茎线虫病危害的分级方法：0级，没有危害；1级，薯块受害，发病面积占薯块面积25％以下；2级：发病面积占薯块面积25％～50％；3级：发病面积占薯块面积50％～75％；4级：发病面积占薯块面积75％以上。
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000033
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000034
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000035
药剂对土壤中线虫密度的影响调查及防效统计：
在根系调查的同时取土壤样品进行调查，每个小区各点土样混合后，取100g土分离线虫。
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000036
表13 含有肉桂醛不同制剂防治马铃薯茎线虫的田间防效及产量
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000037
表13的数据说明，采用覆膜熏蒸的方式后，5％肉桂醛粉剂及5％肉桂醛颗粒剂对马铃薯茎线虫具有很好的防治效果。
实施例9田间药效试验
试验药剂：
表14 试剂表
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000038
5％肉桂醛微乳剂：5％肉桂醛、2％2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚(BHT)、20％吐温80，5％环氧氯丙烷，去离子水补足。
试验作物：柑橘
防治对象：根结线虫
有效成分使用剂量：1.5千克/公顷
病情指数调查及防效调查方法：
表13中两种剂型都是采用灌根的方式，对感染了根结线虫的柑橘树进行灌根试验，灌根后覆膜，施药后两个月，对根结线虫危害进行调查。根结线虫病危害的分级方法：0级：健苗无病(根系上无根结)；1级：10％以下根系上有根结，但根结相互不连接；2级：11％～30％的根系上有根结，仅少量根结相互连接；3级：31％～50％的根系上有根结，半数以下根结相互连接；4级：51％～75％的根系上有根结，半数以上根结相互连接，且部分主、侧根变粗呈畸形；5级：75％以上的根系上有根结，且相互连接，多数主、侧根变粗呈畸形。
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000039
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000040
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000041
药剂对土壤中线虫密度的影响调查及防效统计：
在根系调查的同时取土壤样品进行调查，每个小区各点土样混合后，取100g土分离线虫。
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000042
试验结果：
表15 含有肉桂醛不同制剂防治柑橘根结线虫的田间防效及产量
Figure PCTCN2019107860-appb-000043
在施药到调查结束观察，均未发现实施例各制剂对作物产生可见的植物毒性症状，施药后的各作物生长良好，说明在试验浓度下肉桂醛制剂能够有效地控制根结线虫的危害。
以上，对本发明的实施方式进行了说明。但是，本发明不限定于上述实施方式。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保 护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种熏蒸剂，其特征在于，包含以重量百分比计的如下成分：5％-85％肉桂醛，0.1％-5％防氧化剂。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的熏蒸剂，其特征在于，所述熏蒸剂还包含助剂；
    优选地，所述熏蒸剂包含以重量百分比计的如下成分：5％-85％肉桂醛，0.1％-5％防氧化剂，其余为助剂。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的熏蒸剂，其特征在于，所述防氧化剂为2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚(BHT)。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的熏蒸剂，其特征在于，所述的助剂选自溶剂、乳化剂、油剂或填充剂中的至少一种。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的熏蒸剂，其特征在于，所述熏蒸剂可制成针对不同使用场合的熏蒸剂；该类产品的剂型包括但不限于乳油、水乳剂、水剂、悬浮剂、微乳剂、可溶液剂、微胶囊悬浮剂、可湿性粉剂、粉剂(非可湿性粉剂)、水分散粒剂、颗粒剂。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的熏蒸剂，其特征在于，所述熏蒸剂为乳油剂；
    优选地，所述乳油剂包含以重量百分比计的如下成分：
    肉桂醛：1％-60％，
    防氧化剂：0.1％-2.5％，
    乳化剂：5％-20％，
    用溶剂补至100％；
    优选地，所述熏蒸剂为水乳剂；
    优选地，所述水乳剂包含以重量百分比计的如下成分：
    肉桂醛：1％-50％，
    防氧化剂：0.1％-4％，
    乳化剂：6％-28％，
    溶剂：10％-28％，
    用水补至100％；
    优选地，熏蒸剂为水剂；
    优选地，所述水剂包含以重量百分比计的如下成分：
    肉桂醛：1％-80％，
    防氧化剂：1％-5％，
    乳化剂：12％-28％，
    用水补至100％；
    优选地，所述熏蒸剂为悬浮剂；
    优选地，所述悬浮剂包含以重量百分比计的如下成分：
    肉桂醛：1％-80％，
    防氧化剂：1％-5％，
    乳化剂：1％-20％，
    增稠剂：0.01％-1％，
    防腐剂：0.1％-1％，
    消泡剂：0.1％-2％，
    防冻剂：1％-5％，
    用水补至100％；
    优选地，所述熏蒸剂为微乳剂；
    优选地，所述微乳剂包含以重量百分比计的如下成分：
    肉桂醛：1％-80％，
    防氧化剂：1％-5％，
    乳化剂：12％-28％
    溶剂：1％-10％
    用水补至100％；
    优选地，所述熏蒸剂为颗粒剂；
    优选地，所述颗粒剂包含以重量百分比计的如下成分：
    肉桂醛：1％-40％，
    防氧化剂：1％-5％，
    分散剂：2％-8％，
    溶剂：0％-10％，
    砖粒补足；
    优选地，所述熏蒸剂为可溶液剂；
    优选地，所述可溶液剂包含以重量百分比计的如下成分：
    肉桂醛：1％-80％，
    防氧化剂：1％-5％，
    乳化剂：5％-20％，
    溶剂补足；
    优选地，所述熏蒸剂为粉剂；
    优选地，所述粉剂包含以重量百分比计的如下成分：
    肉桂醛：1％-40％，
    防氧化剂：1％-5％，
    分散剂：2％-8％
    溶剂：0％-10％
    高岭土补足。
  7. 权利要求1-6任一项所述熏蒸剂的制备方法，其特征在于，包括将所述成分混合，以制备得到熏蒸剂。
  8. 一种防治病虫害(如土传病虫害)的方法，其特征在于，包括向作物种植前和/或种植后施用权利要求1-6任一项所述熏蒸剂。
  9. 权利要求1-6任一项所述熏蒸剂的用途，其特征在于，用于病虫害(如土传病虫害)。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的用途，其特征在于，所述熏蒸剂施用时采用覆膜的方式；
    优选地，所述土传病虫害包括但不限于线虫、蛴螬、蝼蛄等地下害虫，以及可引起植株根腐、茎基腐、青枯病等的真菌、细菌。
PCT/CN2019/107860 2019-09-16 2019-09-25 一种以肉桂醛为活性成分的土壤熏蒸产品及其应用 WO2021051433A1 (zh)

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US4978686A (en) * 1987-04-13 1990-12-18 Kiyoshi Sotome Method of protecting crops by a non-toxic composition
CN1176576A (zh) * 1994-12-30 1998-03-18 普罗嘉德公司 类黄酮醛类作为农药的用途
KR20110070341A (ko) * 2009-12-18 2011-06-24 (주)오더스 노난산 포함하는 살선충 조성물
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CN105661042A (zh) * 2016-03-22 2016-06-15 江西天佳动物药业有限公司 一种微囊包被的复合植物精油饲料添加剂及其制备方法
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JPS57120501A (en) * 1981-01-19 1982-07-27 Kiyoshi Saotome Protecting method of field crop
US4978686A (en) * 1987-04-13 1990-12-18 Kiyoshi Sotome Method of protecting crops by a non-toxic composition
CN1176576A (zh) * 1994-12-30 1998-03-18 普罗嘉德公司 类黄酮醛类作为农药的用途
KR20110070341A (ko) * 2009-12-18 2011-06-24 (주)오더스 노난산 포함하는 살선충 조성물
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