WO2021047636A1 - 密闭式音箱、显示装置和用于密闭式音箱的测试方法 - Google Patents

密闭式音箱、显示装置和用于密闭式音箱的测试方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021047636A1
WO2021047636A1 PCT/CN2020/114768 CN2020114768W WO2021047636A1 WO 2021047636 A1 WO2021047636 A1 WO 2021047636A1 CN 2020114768 W CN2020114768 W CN 2020114768W WO 2021047636 A1 WO2021047636 A1 WO 2021047636A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hole
central axis
size
sound box
plug
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PCT/CN2020/114768
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
江加宏
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
高创(苏州)电子有限公司
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Priority to US17/298,111 priority Critical patent/US11736857B2/en
Publication of WO2021047636A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021047636A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2807—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements
    • H04R1/2815—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements of the bass reflex type
    • H04R1/2823—Vents, i.e. ports, e.g. shape thereof or tuning thereof with damping material
    • H04R1/2826—Vents, i.e. ports, e.g. shape thereof or tuning thereof with damping material for loudspeaker transducers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
    • G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
    • G01M3/26—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors
    • G01M3/32—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for containers, e.g. radiators
    • G01M3/3281—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for containers, e.g. radiators removably mounted in a test cell
    • G01M3/329—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for containers, e.g. radiators removably mounted in a test cell for verifying the internal pressure of closed containers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • H04R1/028—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein associated with devices performing functions other than acoustics, e.g. electric candles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2807—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements
    • H04R1/283—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements using a passive diaphragm
    • H04R1/2834—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements using a passive diaphragm for loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R29/00—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R29/00—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements
    • H04R29/001—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements for loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R29/00—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements
    • H04R29/001—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements for loudspeakers
    • H04R29/003—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements for loudspeakers of the moving-coil type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2499/00—Aspects covered by H04R or H04S not otherwise provided for in their subgroups
    • H04R2499/10—General applications
    • H04R2499/15—Transducers incorporated in visual displaying devices, e.g. televisions, computer displays, laptops
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of sound boxes, in particular to an enclosed sound box, a display device including the enclosed sound box, and a test method for the enclosed sound box.
  • the speaker is the terminal of the entire sound system, which is a device that converts audio electric energy into corresponding sound energy and radiates it into the space.
  • Speakers generally include main components such as speakers, cabinets, and crossovers. Among them, the cabinet can be used to eliminate the acoustic short circuit of the loudspeaker, suppress the acoustic resonance of the loudspeaker and broaden the frequency response range of the loudspeaker, thereby reducing the distortion of the sound.
  • the speakers can include various forms such as closed type, inverted type and band-pass type.
  • the loudspeaker of the enclosed sound box is installed in a completely enclosed box. In this way, the reverse sound waves radiated by the diaphragm of the loudspeaker are completely blocked by the box, and will not go outside the box and directly in front of the diaphragm. The phase sound waves cancel each other out and solve the "acoustic short circuit" problem.
  • a closed speaker including:
  • a chamber, the chamber is surrounded by the box;
  • a through hole which penetrates the box body and communicates with the chamber
  • a plug, at least a part of the plug is inserted into the through hole
  • the plug includes a plug body and a vent hole penetrating the plug body, and the vent hole communicates with the cavity and the outer space of the box body.
  • the plug includes a central axis extending along the length of the plug main body, and the size of the ventilation hole in the direction perpendicular to the central axis is smaller than the size of the through hole in the direction perpendicular to the central axis.
  • the size of the ventilation hole in the direction perpendicular to the central axis is less than or equal to 1/10 of the size of the through hole in the direction perpendicular to the central axis.
  • the size of the ventilation hole in the direction perpendicular to the central axis is related to the volume of the chamber.
  • the size of the ventilation hole in the direction along the central axis is associated with the size of the ventilation hole in the direction perpendicular to the central axis.
  • the plug body includes a head, a neck, and a tail, the neck is located between the head and the tail in the direction along the central axis, and the neck is perpendicular to the
  • the size in the direction of the central axis is smaller than the size of the head in the direction perpendicular to the central axis.
  • the ventilation hole penetrates through the head, the neck and the tail in the direction along the central axis.
  • the tail portion includes a tapered portion and a cylindrical portion, the tapered portion is closer to the neck than the cylindrical portion, and the size of the tapered portion in the direction perpendicular to the central axis is from The neck portion gradually decreases toward the cylindrical portion.
  • the portion of the tapered portion close to the neck has a first size in a direction perpendicular to the central axis, and the size of the neck in a direction perpendicular to the central axis is smaller than that of the taper The first size of the department.
  • the through hole includes a first through hole and a second through hole, and the size of the first through hole in a direction perpendicular to the central axis is larger than that of the second through hole in a direction perpendicular to the central axis. The size in the direction.
  • the hole wall of the first through hole is in contact with the outer surface of the head, and the hole wall of the second through hole is in contact with the outer surface of the neck.
  • the head of the stopper includes a first stepped surface facing the neck
  • the box body includes a protruding portion
  • the protruding portion includes a first surface facing the head, the first stepped surface and The first surface contacts.
  • the tapered portion of the stopper includes a second step surface facing the neck portion
  • the protrusion includes a second surface facing the tail portion
  • the second step surface is in contact with the second surface
  • the plug body is composed of an elastic material.
  • the tail is located in the chamber.
  • the size of the neck in the direction along the central axis is equal to the size of the second through hole in the direction along the central axis
  • the size of the head in the direction along the central axis is equal to The size is equal to the size of the first through hole in the direction along the central axis.
  • the orthographic projection of any one of the through hole, the plug main body, and the vent hole in a direction perpendicular to the central axis is a circle.
  • the enclosed sound box includes only one plug.
  • a display device including the above-mentioned enclosed sound box.
  • test method for the above-mentioned enclosed sound box including:
  • Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a closed sound box in the related art
  • Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another enclosed sound box in the related art
  • Figure 3 is a front view of a closed sound box according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 4 is a rear view of a closed sound box according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 5 is a top view of a closed sound box according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 6 is a side view of a closed sound box according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a closed sound box according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 8 shows a partial enlarged view of a closed sound box according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, which schematically shows the plug in an assembled state;
  • Fig. 9 shows a partial enlarged view of a closed sound box according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, which schematically shows the plug in a separated state;
  • Fig. 10A is a front view of a plug included in a closed sound box according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 10B is a top view of a plug included in a closed sound box according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 10C is a cross-sectional view of a plug included in the enclosed sound box according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a display device including the enclosed sound box according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 12 is a flowchart of a test method for a closed sound box according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • central axis refers to the axis of an object or a hole along its length extending direction. Generally, the object or the hole extends along its central axis. It should be understood that the central axis is an imaginary line used to indicate the extending direction of the object or the hole, and does not mean that the object or the hole has a solid central axis; moreover, the direction of an object or a hole
  • the central axis is not necessarily a straight line, it can be a straight line, a curve or a polyline.
  • the expressions "dimension in the direction perpendicular to the central axis” and “dimension in the direction along the central axis” are used to indicate that the object or the hole is in two directions size of.
  • the size in the direction perpendicular to the central axis refers to the diameter of the through hole or the vent hole
  • the size along the center refers to the length of the through hole or the vent hole.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a closed sound box, a display device including the closed sound box, and a test method for the closed sound box.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a closed sound box in the related art.
  • a closed sound box generally includes main components such as a cabinet 1 and a speaker 2.
  • the box body 1 surrounds and forms a cavity 3, and the loudspeaker 2 is installed in the box body 1 to form a closed cavity 3.
  • the reverse-phase sound waves radiated by the diaphragm of the loudspeaker are completely blocked by the box, and will not go outside the box and cancel out the positive-phase sound waves in front of the diaphragm, which solves the "acoustic short circuit" problem.
  • the space in the box 1 (ie, the chamber 3) is completely isolated from the space outside the box 1, so that when the sound box is in different environments (such as low-pressure environment, high-pressure environment)
  • the air pressure in the space inside the box 1 (ie chamber 3) is not consistent with the air pressure in the space outside the box 1, that is, the air pressure inside and outside the box cannot be balanced, which affects the acoustic characteristics of the speaker, and even affects The life span of the speaker.
  • some heat will accumulate inside the cabinet. Since the space in the cabinet 1 (ie, the chamber 3) is completely isolated from the space outside the cabinet 1, the accumulated heat cannot be discharged, which further affects the cabinet. The acoustic characteristics even affect the life of the speakers.
  • the enclosed sound box has no holes for inflation, the air tightness test cannot be performed after the enclosed sound box product is manufactured, which is not conducive to ensuring the stability of product quality.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another enclosed sound box in the related art.
  • the sound box includes main components such as a cabinet 1 and a speaker 2.
  • the box body 1 surrounds and forms a cavity 3, and the loudspeaker 2 is installed in the box body 1.
  • a vent 4 is provided on the shell of the box 1.
  • the pore size of the vent hole 4 is generally designed to be larger.
  • the large-aperture vent 4 may generate a large airflow sound, that is, it may cause abnormal sound, thereby affecting the acoustic characteristics of the speaker.
  • FIG. 3 is a front view of the enclosed sound box according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a rear view of the enclosed sound box according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a top view of the enclosed sound box according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 is A side view of a closed sound box according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the sound box includes: a box body 10, a speaker 20, a chamber 30 and a radiator 40.
  • the box body 10 defines the cavity 30.
  • the box body 10 includes a front shell 11 and a rear shell 12, and the front shell 11 and the rear shell 12 are assembled together to form a cavity 30.
  • a part of the front shell 11 constitutes the sound panel 14 of the sound box.
  • a part of the speaker 20 is disposed in the cavity 30, and another part of the speaker 20 is disposed on the sound output panel 14. As shown in FIG.
  • the speaker is a device that converts electrical signals into acoustic signals, and it mainly includes components such as coils, magnets, and paper cones.
  • the amplifier outputs current (alternating current) signals of varying sizes, and the coil moves under the action of the magnetic field through the coil.
  • the coil is connected to the paper cone to drive the paper cone to vibrate, and then the vibration of the paper cone pushes the air to produce sound.
  • the speaker 20 may be a woofer speaker.
  • the specific structure of the speaker can refer to the specific structure of the speaker in the related art, which will not be repeated here.
  • the radiator 40 may be a passive radiator.
  • the passive radiator may include a paper cone but not a coil and a magnet.
  • the speaker 20 serves as an active unit
  • the radiator 40 serves as a passive unit.
  • the radiator 40 passively emits sound under the driving of the active unit 20 to the air in the chamber 30.
  • the specific structure of the radiator 40 can refer to the specific structure of the passive radiator in the related art, which will not be repeated here.
  • the sound box may include one speaker 20 and multiple radiators 40.
  • one radiator 40 can be arranged on the sound panel 14, one radiator 40 can be arranged on the rear shell 12, and four radiators 40 can be arranged on the four corners of the front shell 11, respectively.
  • the number and positions of the radiators shown in the figure are only exemplary, and the embodiments of the present disclosure do not specifically limit the number and positions of the radiators.
  • Both the loudspeaker 20 and the radiator 40 are fixed on the front shell 11 and/or the rear shell 12 of the cabinet 10 by a fixing element 50.
  • the fixing element may be a screw.
  • Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a closed sound box according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the sound box further includes a plug 60.
  • the sound box includes a plug 60, and the one plug 60 is disposed at a position near the lower side of the rear shell 12.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure are not intended to specifically limit the location of the plug. In other embodiments, the plug 60 may be placed at any other suitable location.
  • FIG. 8 shows a partial enlarged view of the enclosed sound box according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, which schematically shows the plug in an assembled state
  • FIG. 9 shows a partial enlarged view of the enclosed sound box according to an embodiment of the present disclosure , which schematically shows the plug in a separated state.
  • the sound box includes a through hole 70 provided on the box body 10.
  • the through hole 70 may penetrate the box body 10.
  • the through hole 70 may be provided on the rear shell 12 of the box body 10 and penetrate therethrough. After the shell 12.
  • the through hole 70 communicates with the space outside the chamber 30 and the box body 10.
  • the plug 60 is inserted into the through hole 70.
  • FIG. 10A is a front view of a plug included in a closed speaker according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 10B is a top view of a plug included in a closed speaker according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 10C is a top view of a plug included in the closed speaker according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the plug 60 includes a plug main body 61 and a vent 62 penetrating the plug main body 61. When the plug 60 is inserted into the through hole 70, the vent hole 62 communicates with the space outside the chamber 30 and the box body 10.
  • the plug body 61 includes a head 611, a neck 612 and a tail 613.
  • the neck 612 is located between the head 611 and the tail 613.
  • the tail portion 613 may include a tapered portion 6131 and a cylindrical portion 6132.
  • the plug 60 may include a central axis 60S extending along its length. It should be understood that the central axis 60S is an imaginary straight line, which does not mean that the plug 60 has a physical central axis.
  • the vent 62 and the plug body 61 both extend along the central axis 60S.
  • the orthographic projections of the vent 62 and the plug main body 61 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis 60S both have a circular shape, as shown in FIG. 10B.
  • the center of the orthographic projection of the ventilation hole 62 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis 60S for example, the center of the circle 62 in FIG. 10B
  • the orthographic projection of the plug body 61 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis 60S The centers of (for example, the center of circle 611 in FIG. 10B) coincide.
  • the head portion 611, the neck portion 612, the tapered portion 6131, and the cylindrical portion 6132 are sequentially arranged in a direction parallel to the central axis 60S.
  • the size of the tapered portion 6131 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis 60S gradually decreases from the neck portion 612 toward the cylindrical portion 6132.
  • the portion of the tapered portion 6131 close to the neck 612 has a first size
  • the portion of the tapered portion 6131 close to the cylindrical portion 6132 has a second size
  • the first size is larger than the second size.
  • the size of the neck 612 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis 60S is smaller than the size of the head 611 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis 60S (for example, the diameter of the circle 611 in FIG. 10B). ), which is smaller than the first size of the tapered portion 6131 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis 60S (for example, the diameter of the circle 6131 in FIG. 10B).
  • a first stepped surface is formed between the head 611 and the neck 612, that is, the surface 614 of the head 611 facing the neck 612;
  • a second stepped surface is formed between the neck 612 and the tapered portion 6131, that is, a cone.
  • the portion 6131 faces the surface 615 of the neck 612. It should be understood that both the first step surface 614 and the second step surface 615 are farther away from the central axis 60S than the neck 612.
  • the through hole 70 takes the form of a stepped hole.
  • the through hole 70 may include a central axis 70S extending along its length. It should be understood that the central axis 70S is an imaginary straight line, which does not mean that the through hole 70 has a physical central axis. When the plug 60 is inserted into the through hole 70, the central axis 60S coincides with the central axis 70S. In one example, the orthographic projection of the through hole 70 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis 70S has a circular shape.
  • the through hole 70 includes a first through hole 701 and a second through hole 702.
  • the size (for example, diameter) of the first through hole 701 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis 70S is larger than that of the second through hole 702 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis 70S.
  • the through hole 70 is provided on the rear shell 12 of the box body 10, and the stepped hole 70 will form a stepped structure on the rear shell 12 accordingly.
  • the hole wall of the second through hole 702 is closer to the central axis 70S than the hole wall of the first through hole 701, so that the rear shell 12 has a protrusion 121 that is sandwiched between the head 611 Between and the tapered portion 613.
  • the protrusion 121 has a first surface 1211 facing the head 611 and a second surface 1212 facing the tapered portion 613.
  • the first surface 1211 is in contact with the first step surface 614, and the second surface 1212 is in contact with the second step. Face 615 is in contact.
  • the plug 60 is composed of an elastic material such as rubber, silicone, or the like. In this way, the plug 60 can be elastically deformed under the action of an external force. In this way, since rubber, silicone and other materials are relatively soft, it is not easy to produce resonant sound, which will not affect the acoustic characteristics of the speaker.
  • the size of the cylindrical portion 6132 of the plug 60 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis 60S may be less than or equal to the size of the second through hole 702 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis 70S (E.g. diameter). In this way, the cylindrical portion 6132 can be easily inserted into the through hole 70 and penetrate the through hole 70 to enter the cavity 30.
  • the portion of the tapered portion 6131 close to the neck 612 has a first size
  • the portion of the tapered portion 6131 close to the cylindrical portion 6132 has a second size.
  • the first size is larger than the second size, that is, the "lower” shown in FIG. "Small on Big" structure.
  • the second size is smaller than or equal to the size (for example, diameter) of the second through hole 702 in a direction perpendicular to the central axis 70S
  • the first size is larger than the second through hole 702 in a direction perpendicular to the central axis 70S.
  • the size (for example, the diameter) of the upper part is smaller than or equal to the size (for example, the diameter) of the first through hole 701 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis 70S.
  • the tapered portion 6131 is elastically deformed under the squeezing force of the housing 12, and the structure of "small at the bottom and large at the top" facilitates the tapered portion 6131 to pass through the first The through hole 701 and the second through hole 702 thus enter the chamber 30. After entering the cavity 30, the tapered portion 6131 returns to its original shape, so that the plug 60 will not escape from the through hole 70.
  • the size of the neck portion 612 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis 60S may be equal to the size of the second through hole 702 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis 70S, so that the outer surface of the neck portion 612 is aligned with the hole wall of the second through hole 702 contact.
  • the size of the neck portion 612 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis 60S may also be slightly larger than the size of the second through hole 702 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis 70S, so that the neck portion 612 and the second through hole 702 A tight fit (ie, an interference fit) is formed between.
  • the size of the head 611 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis 60S may be equal to the size of the first through hole 701 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis 70S, so that the outer surface of the head 611 is aligned with the hole wall of the first through hole 701 contact.
  • the size of the head 611 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis 60S may also be slightly larger than the size of the first through hole 701 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis 70S, so that the head 611 and the first through hole 701 A tight fit (ie, an interference fit) is formed between.
  • the vent hole 62 penetrates the plug body 61, that is, the vent hole 62 penetrates the head 611, the neck 612, the tapered portion 6131 and the cylindrical portion 6132 along the central axis 60S.
  • the vent hole 62 communicates with the space outside the chamber 30 and the box body 10.
  • the vent 62 can play the role of connecting the space inside and outside the box, so that the air pressure inside and outside the box can be balanced, so that the sound box can be adapted to different environments (for example, low air pressure environment, high air pressure environment).
  • the heat accumulated in the box body can also be discharged through the vent hole, which is beneficial to improve the acoustic characteristics of the sound box and prolong the life of the sound box.
  • the size of the ventilation hole 62 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis 60S is smaller than any one of the first through hole 701 and the second through hole 702 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis 70S.
  • the size in the direction is much smaller than that of any one of the first through hole 701 and the second through hole 702 in a direction perpendicular to the central axis. Dimensions in the direction of 70S.
  • “Much smaller” here can be understood as the size of the vent 62 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis 60S and the size of any one of the first through hole 701 and the second through hole 702 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis 70S.
  • the size is not on the same order of magnitude.
  • the size of the vent 62 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis 60S may be 1 ⁇ m, that is, on the order of micrometers.
  • any one of the first through hole 701 and the second through hole 702 The dimension in the direction perpendicular to the central axis 70S can be 1mm, that is, on the millimeter level; for another example, the dimension of the vent 62 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis 60S can be 1mm, that is, on the millimeter level.
  • the size of any one of the first through hole 701 and the second through hole 702 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis 70S may be 1 cm or even 1 m, that is, on the centimeter or meter level.
  • the size of the ventilation hole 62 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis 60S (for example, the diameter of the circle 62 in FIG. 10B) may be less than or equal to any one of the first through hole 701 and the second through hole 702 in the direction perpendicular to the center axis 60S. 1/10 of the size in the direction of the center axis 70S.
  • the air tightness test can be performed when the plug 60 is not inserted into the through hole 70. Because the through hole 70 has a larger aperture, the gas can quickly enter the chamber 30, so that the air tightness test can be quickly completed; After the plug 60 is inserted into the through hole 70, only the vent hole 62 with a smaller diameter remains to connect the space inside and outside the chamber. Because the vent hole 62 has a small pore size, the vent hole 62 achieves a balanced air pressure and discharges heat at the same time. , To avoid the abnormal sound caused by the gas flow, so as not to affect the acoustic characteristics of the speaker. In this way, it is beneficial to improve the acoustic characteristics of the sound box and increase the service life of the sound box.
  • the structure of the mold for manufacturing the box body needs to be changed.
  • the box body is generally made of hard plastic, wood, and other materials on which it is formed.
  • the vents with small apertures will increase the difficulty of manufacturing.
  • the plug since the plug is composed of elastic materials such as rubber, silicone, etc., it is possible to use injection molding, molding and other integral molding methods to form a small-diameter vent in the plug, that is, , which is conducive to the manufacture of small pores.
  • the size of the ventilation hole 62 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis 60S may be related to the volume of the chamber 30.
  • the size of the ventilation hole 62 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis 60S may increase as the volume of the chamber 30 increases.
  • the size of the vent hole 62 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis 60S can be designed to be larger; when the volume of the chamber 30 is small, the vent hole 62 is in the direction perpendicular to the central axis 60S.
  • the upper size can be designed to be smaller.
  • the size (ie, the length) of the ventilation hole 62 along the central axis 60S is associated with the size of the ventilation hole 62 in a direction perpendicular to the central axis 60S (for example, the diameter of the circle 62 in FIG. 10B).
  • the size (ie, the length) of the vent 62 along the central axis 60S and the size of the vent 62 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis 60S (for example, the diameter of the circle 62 in FIG. 10B) can be designed so that the flow The flow rate of the airflow through the vent 62 meets the requirements of the design value, for example, the flow rate of the airflow is less than a predetermined flow rate threshold.
  • the size (ie, the length) of the vent 62 along the central axis 60S may become smaller as the size of the vent 62 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis 60S (for example, the diameter of the circle 62 in FIG. 10B) becomes smaller.
  • the vent 62 can be designed to be shorter; when the size of the vent 62 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis 60S is larger, the vent 62 can be The design is longer. In this way, the flow rate of the airflow passing through the vent hole 62 can meet the requirements of the design value, that is, the flow rate of the airflow passing through the vent hole 62 will not be too fast, thereby avoiding abnormal sound.
  • the size of the neck 612 in the direction along the central axis 60S is substantially equal to the size of the second through hole 702 in the direction along the central axis 70S, and the size of the head 611 in the direction along the central axis 60S is substantially equal to The size of the first through hole 701 in the direction along the central axis 70S. In this way, the head and neck of the plug 60 can be accommodated in the first through hole and the second through hole, respectively.
  • the number of the plug 60 can be one, and correspondingly, the number of the through hole 70 can also be one. Since the structure of the plug and the through hole will affect the sound characteristics of the speaker, only one plug and one through hole are provided, which is beneficial to design the structure of the plug and the through hole, so as not to affect the design of the speaker as much as possible characteristic.
  • vent hole is shown as a straight hole, and correspondingly, the central axis of the vent hole is shown as a straight line.
  • the vent hole can be in the form of a curved hole or a bent hole.
  • the center axis of the vent hole is a curve or a broken line.
  • the orthographic projection of the through hole, the vent hole, and the plug body in the direction perpendicular to the central axis is circular as an example, and the technical concept of the present disclosure is described in detail. However, this The disclosed embodiments are not limited to this. In other embodiments, the orthographic projection of the through hole, the vent hole, and the plug body in the direction perpendicular to the central axis may have other shapes, such as rectangles, squares, hexagons, etc.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a display device.
  • the display device includes a display panel 100 and the sound box 200 provided in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the display device may be a display device such as a television.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
  • the display device may be any product or component with a display function, such as a smart phone, a tablet computer, a display, a car display, and the like.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a test method for the enclosed sound box provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 12, the test method may include steps S121 to S123.
  • step S121 before the plug 60 is inserted into the through hole 70, the cavity 30 is inflated through the through hole 70. In this way, since the through hole 70 has a larger diameter, the inflation step can be completed quickly.
  • the air tightness test is performed on the sound box.
  • the air tightness test may include: blocking the through hole 70; then, using an instrument to detect or observe whether the air leaks in the inflated chamber 30.
  • step S123 after the airtightness detection is completed, at least a part of the plug 60 is inserted into the through hole 70.
  • the plug 60 can be inflated when the plug 60 is not inserted into the through hole 70. Because the through hole 70 has a larger aperture, the gas can be quickly filled into the chamber 30, so that the air tightness can be quickly completed. Sex test.
  • the air pressure inside and outside the box of the sound box can be balanced, and the heat accumulated inside the box can be discharged in time, thereby improving the sound box and the display including it.
  • the product quality of the device by designing the structure of the closed sound box, the air pressure inside and outside the box of the sound box can be balanced, and the heat accumulated inside the box can be discharged in time, thereby improving the sound box and the display including it.

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Abstract

提供一种密闭式音箱、包括它的显示装置和用于该密闭式音箱的测试方法。所述密闭式音箱包括：箱体；腔室，所述腔室由所述箱体包围而成；通孔，所述通孔贯穿所述箱体，并且与所述腔室连通；和塞子，所述塞子的至少一部分插入所述通孔中，其中，所述塞子包括塞子主体和贯穿所述塞子主体的透气孔，所述透气孔连通所述腔室与所述箱体的外部空间。

Description

密闭式音箱、显示装置和用于密闭式音箱的测试方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2019年9月12日递交中国专利局的、申请号为201910870063.5的中国专利申请的权益，该申请的全部公开内容以引用方式并入本文。
技术领域
本公开涉及音箱技术领域，尤其涉及一种密闭式音箱、包括密闭式音箱的显示装置和用于密闭式音箱的测试方法。
背景技术
音箱是整个音响系统的终端，其是一种将音频电能转换成相应的声能并将它辐射到空间中的设备。音箱一般包括扬声器、箱体和分频器等主要部件。其中，箱体可以用来消除扬声器的声短路、抑制扬声器的声共振和拓宽扬声器的频响范围，从而减小声音的失真。
按照箱体的内部结构分类，音箱可以包括密闭式、倒相式和带通式等多种形式。其中，密闭式音箱的扬声器安装在一个完全密闭的箱体内，这样，扬声器的振膜向后辐射的反相声波就被箱体完全阻隔，不会跑到箱体外而与振膜前方的正相声波相抵消，解决了“声短路”问题。
发明内容
在一个方面，提供一种密闭式音箱，包括：
箱体；
腔室，所述腔室由所述箱体包围而成；
通孔，所述通孔贯穿所述箱体，并且与所述腔室连通；和
塞子，所述塞子的至少一部分插入所述通孔中，
其中，所述塞子包括塞子主体和贯穿所述塞子主体的透气孔，所述透气孔连通所述腔室与所述箱体的外部空间。
例如，所述塞子包括沿塞子主体的长度方向延伸的中心轴线，所述透气孔在垂直于所述中心轴线的方向上的尺寸小于所述通孔在垂直于所述中心轴线的方向上的尺寸。
例如，所述透气孔在垂直于所述中心轴线的方向上的尺寸小于等于所述通孔在垂直于所述中心轴线的方向上的尺寸的1/10。
例如，所述透气孔在垂直于所述中心轴线的方向上的尺寸与所述腔室的容积相关联。
例如，所述透气孔在沿所述中心轴线的方向上的尺寸与所述透气孔在垂直于所述中心轴线的方向上的尺寸相关联。
例如，所述塞子主体包括头部、颈部和尾部，所述颈部在沿所述中心轴线的方向上位于所述头部和所述尾部之间，并且所述颈部在垂直于所述中心轴线的方向上的尺寸小于所述头部在垂直于所述中心轴线的方向上的尺寸。
例如，所述透气孔在沿所述中心轴线的方向上贯穿所述头部、所述颈部和所述尾部三者。
例如，所述尾部包括锥形部和柱形部，所述锥形部比所述柱形部更靠近所述颈部，所述锥形部在垂直于所述中心轴线的方向上的尺寸从所述颈部朝向所述柱形部逐渐减小。
例如，所述锥形部靠近所述颈部的部分在垂直于所述中心轴线的方向上具有第一尺寸，所述颈部在垂直于所述中心轴线的方向上的尺寸小于所述锥形部的第一尺寸。
例如，所述通孔包括第一通孔和第二通孔，所述第一通孔在垂直于所述中心轴线的方向上的尺寸大于所述第二通孔在垂直于所述中心轴线的方向上的尺寸。
例如，所述第一通孔的孔壁与所述头部的外表面接触，所述第二通孔的孔壁与所述颈部的外表面接触。
例如，所述塞子的头部包括面向所述颈部的第一台阶面，所述箱体包括突出部，所述突出部包括面向所述头部的第一表面，所述第一台阶面与所述第一表面接触。
例如，所述塞子的锥形部包括面向所述颈部的第二台阶面，所述突出部包括面向所述尾部的第二表面，所述第二台阶面与所述第二表面接触。
例如，所述塞子主体由弹性材料构成。
例如，所述尾部位于所述腔室内。
例如，所述颈部在沿所述中心轴线的方向上的尺寸等于所述第二通孔在沿所述中心轴线的方向上的尺寸，所述头部在沿所述中心轴线的方向上的尺寸等于所述第一通孔在沿所述中心轴线的方向上的尺寸。
例如，所述通孔、所述塞子主体和所述透气孔中的任一个在垂直于所述中心轴线的方向上的正投影为圆形。
例如，所述密闭式音箱包括仅1个所述塞子。
在另一方面，提供一种显示装置，包括上述的密闭式音箱。
在再一方面，提供一种用于根据上述的密闭式音箱的测试方法，包括：
在所述塞子插入所述通孔之前，通过所述通孔往所述腔室中充气；
对所述音箱进行气密性检测；以及
在所述气密性检测完成之后，将所述塞子的至少一部分插入所述通孔中。
附图说明
通过下文中参照附图对本公开所作的描述，本公开的其它目的和优点将显而易见，并可帮助对本公开有全面的理解。
图1是相关技术中的密闭式音箱的示意截面图；
图2是相关技术中的另一种密闭式音箱的示意截面图；
图3是根据本公开实施例的密闭式音箱的主视图；
图4是根据本公开实施例的密闭式音箱的后视图；
图5是根据本公开实施例的密闭式音箱的俯视图；
图6是根据本公开实施例的密闭式音箱的侧视图；
图7是根据本公开实施例的密闭式音箱的截面图；
图8示出了根据本公开实施例的密闭式音箱的局部放大图，其示意性示出了处于组装状态下的塞子；
图9示出了根据本公开实施例的密闭式音箱的局部放大图，其示意性示出了处于分离状态下的塞子；
图10A是根据本公开实施例的密闭式音箱包括的塞子的主视图；
图10B是根据本公开实施例的密闭式音箱包括的塞子的俯视图；
图10C是根据本公开实施例的密闭式音箱包括的塞子的截面图；
图11是根据本公开实施例的包括所述密闭式音箱的显示装置的示意图；以及
图12是根据本公开实施例的一种用于密闭式音箱的测试方法的流程图。
需要注意的是，为了清晰起见，在用于描述本公开的实施例的附图中，层、结构或区域的尺寸可能被放大或缩小，即这些附图并非按照实际的比例绘制。
具体实施方式
为使本公开实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本公开实施例的附图，对本公开实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本公开的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本公开的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
除非另外定义，本公开使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本领域普通技术人员所理解的通常意义。本公开中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同，而不排除其他元件或者物件。
在本文中，除非另有特别说明，诸如“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”、“前”、“后”等方向性术语用于表示基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本公开，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置、元件或部件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造或操作。需要理解的是，当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后，则它们表示的相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。因此，这些方向性术语不能理解为对本公开的限制。
在本文中，表述“中心轴线”表示一个物体或一个孔的沿其长度延伸方向的轴线，一般地，所述物体或所述孔沿其中心轴线延伸。应该理解，中心轴线是一条假想的线，用来表示所述物体或所述孔的延伸方向，并不表示所述物体或所述孔具有一条实体的中心轴线；而且，一个物体或一个孔的中心轴线并不一定是直线，它可以是直线、曲线或折线。
而且，在本文中，使用表述“在垂直于所述中心轴线的方向上的尺寸”和“在沿所述中心轴线的方向上的尺寸”来表示所述物体或所述孔在两个方向上的尺寸。例如，对于一个横截面为圆形的通孔或透气孔而言，“在垂直于所述中心轴线的方向上的尺 寸”指的是该通孔或透气孔的直径，“在沿所述中心轴线的方向上的尺寸”指的是该通孔或透气孔的长度。
本公开实施例提供一种密闭式音箱、包括密闭式音箱的显示装置和用于密闭式音箱的测试方法。
图1是相关技术中的密闭式音箱的示意截面图。如图1所示，密闭式音箱一般包括箱体1和扬声器2等主要部件。箱体1包围形成一个腔室3，扬声器2安装在一个箱体1内，从而形成一个封闭的腔室3。这样，扬声器的振膜向后辐射的反相声波就被箱体完全阻隔，不会跑到箱体外而与振膜前方的正相声波相抵消，解决了“声短路”问题。然而，在该密闭式音箱中，箱体1内的空间(即腔室3)与箱体1外的空间完全隔离，这样，当该音箱在不同环境(例如低气压环境、高气压环境)下使用时，箱体1内的空间(即腔室3)中的气压与箱体1外的空间中的气压不一致，即箱体内、外的气压无法达到均衡，从而影响音箱的声学特性，甚至影响音箱的寿命。并且，当该音箱工作时，箱体内部会集聚一些热量，由于箱体1内的空间(即腔室3)与箱体1外的空间完全隔离，所以集聚的热量无法排出，从而进一步影响音箱的声学特性，甚至影响音箱的寿命。此外，由于该密闭式音箱没有用于充气的孔，所以在该密闭式音箱产品制造完成后，无法进行气密性测试，不利于保证产品质量的稳定性。
为了克服上述缺陷，相关技术中提出了开设有透气孔的密闭式音箱。图2是相关技术中的另一种密闭式音箱的示意截面图。如图2所示，所述音箱包括箱体1和扬声器2等主要部件。箱体1包围形成一个腔室3，扬声器2安装在一个箱体1内。在箱体1的壳体上开设有透气孔4。为了降低制造难度并且缩短气密性测试时的充气时间，透气孔4的孔径一般设计得较大。然而，对于具有大孔径的透气孔4的音箱，当其工作时，大孔径的透气孔4处可能产生较大的气流声，即可能导致声音出现异常，从而影响音箱的声学特性。
为了解决上述矛盾，本公开的实施例提出了一种密闭式音箱。图3是根据本公开实施例的密闭式音箱的主视图，图4是根据本公开实施例的密闭式音箱的后视图，图5是根据本公开实施例的密闭式音箱的俯视图，图6是根据本公开实施例的密闭式音箱的侧视图。结合参照图3-图6，该音箱包括：箱体10、扬声器20、腔室30和辐射器40。箱体10限定出所述腔室30。具体地，箱体10包括前壳11和后壳12，前壳11和后壳12装配在一起以形成腔室30。前壳11的一部分构成音箱的出音面板14。扬声 器20的一部分设置在腔室30中，并且扬声器20的另一部分设置于出音面板14上。
应该理解，扬声器是一种将电信号转换为声信号的装置，它主要包括线圈、磁铁和纸盆等部件。由放大器输出大小不等的电流(交流电)信号，通过线圈在磁场的作用下使线圈移动，线圈连接在纸盆上带动纸盆震动，再由纸盆的震动推动空气，从而发出声音。例如，扬声器20可以是低音单体喇叭。扬声器的具体结构可以参考相关技术中的扬声器的具体结构，在此不再赘述。
辐射器40可以是无源辐射器，例如，无源辐射器可以包括纸盆，但不包括线圈和磁铁。在本公开的实施例中，扬声器20作为主动单元，辐射器40作为被动单元。辐射器40在主动单元20对腔室30内空气的带动下进行被动发声。辐射器40的具体结构可以参考相关技术中的无源辐射器的具体结构，在此不再赘述。
可选地，所述音箱可以包括一个扬声器20和多个辐射器40。例如，1个辐射器40可以设置在出音面板14上，1个辐射器40可以设置在后壳12上，4个辐射器40可以分别设置在前壳11的4个拐角处。图中示出的辐射器的数量和位置仅为示例性的，本公开实施例并不对辐射器的数量和位置作特别的限制。
扬声器20和辐射器40均通过固定元件50固定在箱体10的前壳11和/或后壳12上。例如，所述固定元件可以为螺丝。
图7是根据本公开实施例的密闭式音箱的截面图。如图7所示，所述音箱还包括塞子60。结合图4、图6和图7，所述音箱包括一个塞子60，所述一个塞子60设置在后壳12的靠近下侧的位置处。然而，本公开实施例不意图对所述塞子的设置位置作特别限制，在其它实施例中，所述塞子60可以设置在任何其它合适的位置处。
图8示出了根据本公开实施例的密闭式音箱的局部放大图，其示意性示出了处于组装状态下的塞子；图9示出了根据本公开实施例的密闭式音箱的局部放大图，其示意性示出了处于分离状态下的塞子。结合参照图8和图9，所述音箱包括设置在箱体10上的通孔70，通孔70可以贯穿箱体10，例如，通孔70可以设置在箱体10的后壳12上并且贯穿后壳12。通孔70连通腔室30与箱体10外的空间。塞子60插入通孔70中。
图10A是根据本公开实施例的密闭式音箱包括的塞子的主视图，图10B是根据本公开实施例的密闭式音箱包括的塞子的俯视图，图10C是根据本公开实施例的密闭式音箱包括的塞子的截面图。结合参照图8、图9和图10A-图10C，塞子60包括塞子主 体61和贯穿塞子主体61的透气孔62。当塞子60插入通孔70中时，透气孔62连通腔室30与箱体10外的空间。
塞子主体61包括头部611、颈部612和尾部613。颈部612位于头部611与尾部613之间。尾部613可以包括锥形部6131和柱形部6132。
例如，塞子60可以包括沿其长度方向延伸的中心轴线60S，应该理解，该中心轴线60S是一条假想的直线，并不意味着塞子60具有一条实体的中心轴线。透气孔62和塞子主体61均沿该中心轴线60S延伸。在一个示例中，透气孔62和塞子主体61在垂直于该中心轴线60S的方向上的正投影均具有圆形形状，如图10B所示。可选地，透气孔62在垂直于该中心轴线60S的方向上的正投影的中心(例如图10B中圆形62的圆心)与塞子主体61在垂直于该中心轴线60S的方向上的正投影的中心(例如图10B中圆形611的圆心)重合。
头部611、颈部612、锥形部6131和柱形部6132沿平行于中心轴线60S的方向依次布置。锥形部6131在垂直于中心轴线60S的方向上的尺寸从颈部612朝向柱形部6132逐渐减小。例如，锥形部6131靠近颈部612的部分具有第一尺寸，锥形部6131靠近柱形部6132的部分具有第二尺寸，第一尺寸大于第二尺寸。
颈部612在垂直于中心轴线60S的方向上的尺寸(例如图10C中的尺寸w)既小于头部611在垂直于中心轴线60S的方向上的尺寸(例如图10B中的圆形611的直径)，又小于锥形部6131在垂直于中心轴线60S的方向上的第一尺寸(例如图10B中的圆形6131的直径)。这样，在头部611与颈部612之间形成第一台阶面，即头部611面向颈部612的表面614；在颈部612与锥形部6131之间形成第二台阶面，即锥形部6131面向颈部612的表面615。应该理解，第一台阶面614和第二台阶面615均比颈部612更远离所述中心轴线60S。
相应地，如图8所示，通孔70呈现台阶孔的形式。通孔70可以包括沿其长度方向延伸的中心轴线70S，应该理解，该中心轴线70S是一条假想的直线，并不意味着通孔70具有一条实体的中心轴线。当塞子60插入通孔70中时，中心轴线60S与中心轴线70S重合。在一个示例中，通孔70在垂直于该中心轴线70S的方向上的正投影具有圆形形状。通孔70包括第一通孔701和第二通孔702，第一通孔701在垂直于中心轴线70S的方向上的尺寸(例如直径)大于第二通孔702在垂直于中心轴线70S的方向上的尺寸(例如直径)。当塞子60插入通孔70中时，头部611与第一通孔701配合， 即头部611的外表面与第一通孔701的孔壁接触；颈部612与第二通孔702配合，即颈部612的外表面与第二通孔702的孔壁接触。
在该实施例中，通孔70设置在箱体10的后壳12上，台阶孔70会相应地在后壳12上形成台阶状的结构。如图8所示，第二通孔702的孔壁相对于第一通孔701的孔壁更靠近中心轴线70S，从而使得后壳12具有突出部121，该突出部121被夹在头部611与锥形部613之间。更具体地，该突出部121具有朝向头部611的第一表面1211和朝向锥形部613的第二表面1212，第一表面1211与第一台阶面614接触，第二表面1212与第二台阶面615接触。
例如，塞子60由诸如橡胶、硅胶等的弹性材料构成。这样，塞子60在外力作用下，其可以发生弹性变形。这样，由于橡胶、硅胶等材料比较柔软，不易产生共振声音，从而不会影响音箱的声学特性。
塞子60的柱形部6132在垂直于中心轴线60S的方向上的尺寸(例如图10B中的圆形6132的直径)可以小于或等于第二通孔702在垂直于中心轴线70S的方向上的尺寸(例如直径)。这样，柱形部6132可以方便地插入通孔70中，并且穿过通孔70而进入腔室30中。
锥形部6131靠近颈部612的部分具有第一尺寸，锥形部6131靠近柱形部6132的部分具有第二尺寸，第一尺寸大于第二尺寸，即形成图8中的所示的“下小上大”的结构。例如，所述第二尺寸小于或等于第二通孔702在垂直于中心轴线70S的方向上的尺寸(例如直径)，所述第一尺寸大于第二通孔702在垂直于中心轴线70S的方向上的尺寸(例如直径)，并且小于或等于第一通孔701在垂直于中心轴线70S的方向上的尺寸(例如直径)。这样，当塞子60插入通孔70中时，锥形部6131在外壳12的挤压力作用下发生弹性变形，所述“下小上大”的结构有利于锥形部6131依次穿过第一通孔701和第二通孔702，从而进入腔室30中。在进入腔室30之后，锥形部6131恢复原状，从而使得塞子60不会从通孔70中脱离出去。
颈部612在垂直于中心轴线60S的方向上的尺寸可以等于第二通孔702在垂直于中心轴线70S的方向上的尺寸，从而使得颈部612的外表面与第二通孔702的孔壁接触。可选地，颈部612在垂直于中心轴线60S的方向上的尺寸也可以略大于第二通孔702在垂直于中心轴线70S的方向上的尺寸，从而在颈部612与第二通孔702之间形成紧配合(即过盈配合)。应该理解，此处的“略大于”指的是颈部612在垂直于中心 轴线60S的方向上的尺寸与第二通孔702在垂直于中心轴线70S的方向上的尺寸之间的差值在二者的公差范围之内。
头部611在垂直于中心轴线60S的方向上的尺寸可以等于第一通孔701在垂直于中心轴线70S的方向上的尺寸，从而使得头部611的外表面与第一通孔701的孔壁接触。可选地，头部611在垂直于中心轴线60S的方向上的尺寸也可以略大于第一通孔701在垂直于中心轴线70S的方向上的尺寸，从而在头部611与第一通孔701之间形成紧配合(即过盈配合)。应该理解，此处的“略大于”指的是头部611在垂直于中心轴线60S的方向上的尺寸与第一通孔701在垂直于中心轴线70S的方向上的尺寸之间的差值在二者的公差范围之内。
在该实施例中，通过这样的设计，可以保证塞子60卡扣在通孔70中，防止塞子60从通孔70中脱离。
透气孔62贯穿塞子主体61，即，透气孔62沿中心轴线60S贯穿头部611、颈部612、锥形部6131和柱形部6132。当塞子60插入通孔70中时，透气孔62连通腔室30与箱体10外的空间。这样，透气孔62可以起到连通箱体内、外空间的作用，使得箱体内、外的气压可以达到均衡，从而使得音箱可以适应于不同环境(例如低气压环境、高气压环境)。并且，当该音箱工作时，箱体内部集聚的热量也可以通过该透气孔排出，从而有利于改善影响音箱的声学特性，提升音箱的寿命。
例如，透气孔62在垂直于中心轴线60S的方向上的尺寸(例如图10B中圆形62的直径)小于第一通孔701和第二通孔702中的任一个在垂直于中心轴线70S的方向上的尺寸。再例如，透气孔62在垂直于中心轴线60S的方向上的尺寸(例如图10B中圆形62的直径)远小于第一通孔701和第二通孔702中的任一个在垂直于中心轴线70S的方向上的尺寸。此处的“远小于”可以理解为透气孔62在垂直于中心轴线60S的方向上的尺寸与第一通孔701和第二通孔702中的任一个在垂直于中心轴线70S的方向上的尺寸不在一个数量级上，例如，透气孔62在垂直于中心轴线60S的方向上的尺寸可以为1μm，即在微米级上，此时，第一通孔701和第二通孔702中的任一个在垂直于中心轴线70S的方向上的尺寸可以为1mm，即在毫米级上；再例如，透气孔62在垂直于中心轴线60S的方向上的尺寸可以为1mm，即在毫米级上，此时，第一通孔701和第二通孔702中的任一个在垂直于中心轴线70S的方向上的尺寸可以为1cm，甚至1m，即在厘米或米级上。换句话说，透气孔62在垂直于中心轴线60S的方 向上的尺寸(例如图10B中圆形62的直径)可以小于等于第一通孔701和第二通孔702中的任一个在垂直于中心轴线70S的方向上的尺寸的1/10。
通过这样的设计，可以在塞子60未插入通孔70时进行气密性测试，由于通孔70具有较大孔径，所以，气体可以快速进入腔室30内，从而可以快速完成气密性测试；在塞子60插入通孔70中之后，仅剩较小孔径的透气孔62连通腔室内、外的空间，由于透气孔62的孔径很小，所以，透气孔62在实现均衡气压、排出热量的同时，避免了气体流动导致的异常声音，从而不会影响音箱的声学特性。这样，有利于改善音箱的声学特性，提高音箱的使用寿命。此外，如果不提供塞子而直接在箱体上形成小孔径的透气孔，那么，需要改变制造箱体的模具结构，而且，箱体一般是由硬塑料、木材等材料制成，在其上形成小孔径的透气孔，会增加制造的难度。相比较而言，在本公开的实施例中，由于塞子由诸如橡胶、硅胶等弹性材料构成，所以可以采用注塑成型、模制成型等一体成型方式在塞子中形成小孔径的透气孔，即，有利于小孔径的透气孔的制造。
例如，透气孔62在垂直于中心轴线60S的方向上的尺寸(例如图10B中圆形62的直径)可以与腔室30的容积相关联。例如，透气孔62在垂直于中心轴线60S的方向上的尺寸(例如图10B中圆形62的直径)可以随着腔室30的容积的增大而增大。当腔室30的容积较大时，透气孔62在垂直于中心轴线60S的方向上的尺寸可以设计得较大；当腔室30的容积较小时，透气孔62在垂直于中心轴线60S的方向上的尺寸可以设计得较小。
进一步地，透气孔62沿中心轴线60S的尺寸(即长度)与透气孔62在垂直于中心轴线60S的方向上的尺寸(例如图10B中圆形62的直径)相关联。可选地，透气孔62沿中心轴线60S的尺寸(即长度)和透气孔62在垂直于中心轴线60S的方向上的尺寸(例如图10B中圆形62的直径)可以被设计，以使得流过透气孔62的气流流速满足设计值的要求，例如，气流流速小于预定的流速阈值。例如，透气孔62沿中心轴线60S的尺寸(即长度)可以随着透气孔62在垂直于中心轴线60S的方向上的尺寸(例如图10B中圆形62的直径)变小而变小。当透气孔62在垂直于中心轴线60S的方向上的尺寸较小时，透气孔62可以设计得较短；当透气孔62在垂直于中心轴线60S的方向上的尺寸较大时，透气孔62可以设计得较长。这样，流过透气孔62的气流流速可以满足设计值的要求，即，流过透气孔62的气流的流速不会过快，从而避免产生 异常声音。
可选地，颈部612在沿中心轴线60S的方向上的尺寸基本等于第二通孔702在沿中心轴线70S的方向上的尺寸，头部611在沿中心轴线60S的方向上的尺寸基本等于第一通孔701在沿中心轴线70S的方向上的尺寸。这样，塞子60的头部和颈部可以被分别容纳在第一通孔和第二通孔中。
在本公开的实施例中，塞子60的数量可以为1个，相应地，通孔70的数量也可以为1个。由于塞子和通孔的结构都会对音箱的声音特性产生影响，所以，仅设置1个塞子和1个通孔，有利于设计所述塞子和所述通孔的结构，从而尽量不影响音箱的设计特性。
需要说明的是，在图示的实施例中，透气孔示出为直孔，相应地，透气孔的中心轴线示出为直线，然而本公开的实施例不局限于此，在其它实施例中，透气孔可以为弯曲孔或弯折孔的形式，相应地，透气孔的中心轴线为曲线或折线。
需要说明的是，在上述实施例中，以通孔、透气孔和塞子主体在垂直于中心轴线的方向上的正投影为圆形为例，对本公开的技术构思进行了详细描述，但是，本公开的实施例不局限于此，在其它实施例中，通孔、透气孔和塞子主体在垂直于中心轴线的方向上的正投影可以为其它形状，例如，矩形、正方形、六边形等。
本公开的实施例还提供一种显示装置，如图11所示，所述显示装置包括显示面板100和上述实施例提供的所述音箱200。例如，所述显示装置可以是诸如电视机的显示装置。当然，本公开的实施例不局限于此，例如，所述显示装置可以是例如智能手机、平板电脑、显示器、车载显示器等任何具有显示功能的产品或部件。
本公开的实施例还提供一种用于本公开实施例提供的所述密闭式音箱的测试方法。如图12所示，所述测试方法可以包括步骤S121～S123。
在步骤S121中，在塞子60插入通孔70之前，通过通孔70往腔室30中充气。这样，由于通孔70具有较大的直径，所以可以快速地完成该充气步骤。
在步骤S122中，对所述音箱进行气密性检测。例如，该气密性检测可以包括：堵塞住所述通孔70；然后，使用仪器检测或观察充气过的腔室30中是否漏气。
在步骤S123中，在所述气密性检测完成之后，将塞子60的至少一部分插入通孔70中。
所以，在本公开的实施例中，可以在塞子60未插入通孔70时进行充气，由于通 孔70具有较大孔径，所以，气体可以快速充入腔室30内，从而可以快速完成气密性测试。
在本公开的实施例中，通过设计密闭式音箱的结构，可以实现音箱的箱体内、外的气压达到均衡，并且，箱体内部集聚的热可以及时排出，从而提升了音箱以及包括它的显示装置的产品品质。
虽然本公开的总体技术构思的一些实施例已被显示和说明，本领域普通技术人员将理解，在不背离本公开的总体技术构思的原则和精神的情况下，可对这些实施例做出改变，本公开的范围以权利要求和它们的等同物限定。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种密闭式音箱，包括：
    箱体；
    腔室，所述腔室由所述箱体包围而成；
    通孔，所述通孔贯穿所述箱体，并且与所述腔室连通；和
    塞子，所述塞子的至少一部分插入所述通孔中，
    其中，所述塞子包括塞子主体和贯穿所述塞子主体的透气孔，所述透气孔连通所述腔室与所述箱体的外部空间。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的密闭式音箱，其中，所述塞子包括沿塞子主体的长度方向延伸的中心轴线，所述透气孔在垂直于所述中心轴线的方向上的尺寸小于所述通孔在垂直于所述中心轴线的方向上的尺寸。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的密闭式音箱，其中，所述透气孔在垂直于所述中心轴线的方向上的尺寸小于等于所述通孔在垂直于所述中心轴线的方向上的尺寸的1/10。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的密闭式音箱，其中，所述透气孔在垂直于所述中心轴线的方向上的尺寸与所述腔室的容积相关联。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的密闭式音箱，其中，所述透气孔在沿所述中心轴线的方向上的尺寸与所述透气孔在垂直于所述中心轴线的方向上的尺寸相关联。
  6. 根据权利要求2-5中任一项所述的密闭式音箱，其中，所述塞子主体包括头部、颈部和尾部，所述颈部在沿所述中心轴线的方向上位于所述头部和所述尾部之间，并且所述颈部在垂直于所述中心轴线的方向上的尺寸小于所述头部在垂直于所述中心轴线的方向上的尺寸。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的密闭式音箱，其中，所述透气孔在沿所述中心轴线的方向上贯穿所述头部、所述颈部和所述尾部三者。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的密闭式音箱，其中，所述尾部包括锥形部和柱形部，所述锥形部比所述柱形部更靠近所述颈部，所述锥形部在垂直于所述中心轴线的方向上的尺寸从所述颈部朝向所述柱形部逐渐减小。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的密闭式音箱，其中，所述锥形部靠近所述颈部的部分在垂直于所述中心轴线的方向上具有第一尺寸，所述颈部在垂直于所述中心轴线的方向上的尺寸小于所述锥形部的第一尺寸。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的密闭式音箱，其中，所述通孔包括第一通孔和第二通孔，所述第一通孔在垂直于所述中心轴线的方向上的尺寸大于所述第二通孔在垂直于所述中心轴线的方向上的尺寸。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的密闭式音箱，其中，所述第一通孔的孔壁与所述头部的外表面接触，所述第二通孔的孔壁与所述颈部的外表面接触。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的密闭式音箱，其中，所述塞子的头部包括面向所述颈部的第一台阶面，所述箱体包括突出部，所述突出部包括面向所述头部的第一表面，所述第一台阶面与所述第一表面接触。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的密闭式音箱，其中，所述塞子的锥形部包括面向所述颈部的第二台阶面，所述突出部包括面向所述尾部的第二表面，所述第二台阶面与所述第二表面接触。
  14. 根据权利要求1-5和7-13中任一项所述的密闭式音箱，其中，所述塞子主体由弹性材料构成。
  15. 根据权利要求8-13中任一项所述的密闭式音箱，其中，所述尾部位于所述腔室内。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的密闭式音箱，其中，所述颈部在沿所述中心轴线的方向上的尺寸等于所述第二通孔在沿所述中心轴线的方向上的尺寸，所述头部在沿所述中心轴线的方向上的尺寸等于所述第一通孔在沿所述中心轴线的方向上的尺寸。
  17. 根据权利要求2-5和7-13中任一项所述的密闭式音箱，其中，所述通孔、所述塞子主体和所述透气孔中的任一个在垂直于所述中心轴线的方向上的正投影为圆形。
  18. 根据权利要求1-5和7-13中任一项所述的密闭式音箱，其中，所述密闭式音箱包括仅1个所述塞子和1个所述通孔。
  19. 一种显示装置，包括上述任一项权利要求所述的密闭式音箱。
  20. 一种用于根据权利要求1所述的密闭式音箱的测试方法，包括：
    在所述塞子插入所述通孔之前，通过所述通孔往所述腔室中充气；
    对所述音箱进行气密性检测；以及
    在所述气密性检测完成之后，将所述塞子的至少一部分插入所述通孔中。
PCT/CN2020/114768 2019-09-12 2020-09-11 密闭式音箱、显示装置和用于密闭式音箱的测试方法 WO2021047636A1 (zh)

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