WO2021046857A1 - Mixed bacteria for use in anaerobic treatment of kitchen waste - Google Patents
Mixed bacteria for use in anaerobic treatment of kitchen waste Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021046857A1 WO2021046857A1 PCT/CN2019/105849 CN2019105849W WO2021046857A1 WO 2021046857 A1 WO2021046857 A1 WO 2021046857A1 CN 2019105849 W CN2019105849 W CN 2019105849W WO 2021046857 A1 WO2021046857 A1 WO 2021046857A1
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- bacteria
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- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 title claims description 99
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 30
- 241000205011 Methanothrix Species 0.000 claims description 21
- 241000197729 Alkaliphilus Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 241001081259 Erysipelotrichia Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 241000606017 Syntrophomonas Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 241001112696 Clostridia Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010794 food waste Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 241001147791 Clostridium paraputrificum Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000205265 Methanospirillum Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241001148471 unidentified anaerobic bacterium Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000605008 Spirillum Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000035473 Communicable disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010011409 Cross infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000007212 Foot-and-Mouth Disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000710198 Foot-and-mouth disease virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000002979 Influenza in Birds Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010029803 Nosocomial infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010064097 avian influenza Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the field of environment, and particularly relates to a mixed bacteria used for anaerobic treatment of kitchen waste.
- Food waste generally refers to food cuttings and food residues in restaurants, hotels and other catering industries, as well as in public canteens such as enterprises and institutions, colleges and universities.
- food waste is increasing day by day.
- the daily production of kitchen waste in my country exceeds 20Kt.
- the daily occurrence of scum in Shanghai alone amounts to more than 1,300 tons.
- As food waste is prone to fermentation, deterioration, and decay, it not only produces a lot of toxins, emits malodorous gas, but also pollutes water and the atmosphere, seriously affecting environmental sanitation, and posing a potential threat to people's health.
- the problem of scum-foot waste disposal has been severely confronted by people.
- the reactor and related equipment of the wet anaerobic digestion process are large in size and sensitive to shock load. Because the solid content in the slurry is high, it needs to be diluted with water. The consumption is large, and the amount of waste water produced is also large.
- the present invention provides a method for anaerobic treatment of kitchen waste.
- the present invention provides a method for anaerobic treatment of kitchen waste, including the following steps:
- the mixed bacteria used in the anaerobic treatment include carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Syntrophomonas), carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Alkaliphilus), fat degrading bacteria (Erysipelotrichia), Methanosaeta, Methanospirillum, Clostridia.
- the carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Syntrophomonas) accounted for 50-60% of the effective viable bacteria, and the carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Alkaliphilus) accounted for 20% of the effective viable bacteria.
- the carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Alkaliphilus) accounted for 20% of the effective viable bacteria.
- -30% fat-degrading bacteria (Erysipelotrichia) accounted for 4-10% of effective live bacteria, Methanosaeta accounted for 3-10% of effective live bacteria, Clostridium paraputrificum accounted for effective The proportion of viable bacteria is 3-10%.
- the carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Syntrophomonas) accounted for 55% of the effective viable bacteria
- the carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Alkaliphilus) accounted for 25% of the effective viable bacteria.
- Fat-degrading bacteria (Erysipelotrichia) accounted for 8% of the number of effective live bacteria
- Methanosaeta Methanosaeta
- Clostridium paraputrificum Clostridium paraputrificum (Clostridium paraputrificum) accounted for 6% of the number of effective live bacteria.
- step (2) crush to a particle size of 1 to 3 cm.
- step (3) the desalting and degreasing treatment is to wash the dehydrated material with water at 55° C.-90° C. to remove salt and grease in the material.
- the conditions of anaerobic fermentation treatment include: controlling the fermentation temperature at 40-60°C, rotating speed at 2-6 revolutions per minute, air intake per kilogram of solids at 3-10m 3 /h, and fermentation at 10- 15 days.
- step (5) the temperature for drying and sterilizing is 120-160°C.
- the anaerobic treatment method for kitchen waste provided by the present invention utilizes microorganisms to treat kitchen waste, has good treatment effect and high treatment efficiency, and is suitable for industrial applications.
- the method for anaerobic treatment of kitchen waste includes the following steps:
- crushed materials are subjected to dehydration and desalting and degreasing treatments in sequence; the desalting and degreasing treatment is to wash the dehydrated materials with water at 55° C. to remove salt and grease in the materials.
- Anaerobic fermentation treatment conditions include: controlling the fermentation temperature at 40°C, rotating speed at 2 revolutions per minute, air intake per kilogram of solids at 3 m 3 /h, and fermentation for 10 days.
- the mixed bacteria used for the anaerobic treatment of kitchen waste include carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Syntrophomonas), carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Alkaliphilus), fat degrading bacteria (Erysipelotrichia), Methanosaeta, Methanospirillum ), Clostridia.
- the carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Syntrophomonas) accounted for 50% of the effective viable bacteria
- the carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Alkaliphilus) accounted for 20% of the effective viable bacteria
- the fat-degrading bacteria (Erysipelotrichia) accounted for 10% of the effective viable bacteria.
- Methanosaeta accounted for 10% of the effective viable bacteria
- Clostridium paraputrificum accounted for 10% of the effective viable bacteria.
- the above-mentioned method for preparing mixed bacteria for anaerobic treatment of kitchen waste includes dry carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Syntrophomonas), carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Alkaliphilus), fat degrading bacteria (Erysipelotrichia), methanosaeta (Methanosaeta), and methane Mix spirillum (Methanospirillum) and Clostridia (Clostridia) evenly and get it.
- the method for anaerobic treatment of kitchen waste includes the following steps:
- the crushed materials are sequentially dehydrated and desalted and degreasing treatment; the desalting and degreasing treatment is to wash the dehydrated materials with water at 90° C. to remove salt and grease in the materials.
- the conditions of anaerobic fermentation treatment include: controlling the fermentation temperature at 60°C, rotating speed at 6 revolutions per minute, air intake per kilogram of solids at 10 m 3 /h, and fermentation for 15 days.
- the anaerobic fermentation materials are dried, sterilized, screened and crushed to obtain food waste fermentation products; the temperature of drying and sterilization is 120-160°C.
- the carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Syntrophomonas) accounted for 60% of the effective viable bacteria
- the carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Alkaliphilus) accounted for 30% of the effective viable bacteria
- the fat-degrading bacteria (Erysipelotrichia) accounted for 4 %
- Methanosaeta accounted for 3% of the effective viable bacteria
- Clostridium paraputrificum accounted for 3% of the effective viable bacteria.
- the above-mentioned method for preparing mixed bacteria for anaerobic treatment of kitchen waste includes dry carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Syntrophomonas), carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Alkaliphilus), fat degrading bacteria (Erysipelotrichia), methanosaeta (Methanosaeta), and methane Mix spirillum (Methanospirillum) and Clostridia (Clostridia) evenly and get it.
- the method for anaerobic treatment of kitchen waste includes the following steps:
- crushed materials are subjected to dehydration and desalting and degreasing treatments in sequence; the desalting and degreasing treatment is to wash the dehydrated materials with water at 70° C. to remove salt and grease in the materials.
- the conditions of anaerobic fermentation treatment include: controlling the fermentation temperature at 50°C, rotating speed at 4 revolutions per minute, air intake per kilogram of solids at 6 m 3 /h, and fermentation for 12 days.
- the anaerobic fermentation materials are dried, sterilized, screened and crushed to obtain food waste fermentation products; the temperature of drying and sterilization is 140°C.
- the carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Syntrophomonas) accounted for 55% of the effective viable bacteria, the carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Alkaliphilus) accounted for 25% of the effective viable bacteria, and the fat-degrading bacteria (Erysipelotrichia) accounted for 8 percent of the effective viable bacteria. %, Methanosaeta accounted for 6% of the effective viable bacteria, and Clostridium paraputrificum accounted for 6% of the effective viable bacteria.
- the above-mentioned method for preparing mixed bacteria for anaerobic treatment of kitchen waste includes dry carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Syntrophomonas), carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Alkaliphilus), fat degrading bacteria (Erysipelotrichia), methanosaeta (Methanosaeta), and methane Mix spirillum (Methanospirillum) and Clostridia (Clostridia) evenly and get it.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
A method for use in an anaerobic treatment of kitchen waste, comprising: removing debris from kitchen waste produced in a given day to obtain a debris-removed material; filtering excess swill, then sorting, and crushing the preliminarily filtered and sorted material; sequentially dewatering, desalinating, and degreasing the crushed material; adjusting the dewatered, desalinated, and degreased material, then transferring into a hydrolysis acidification tank for treatment, and then mixing with anaerobic bacteria for anaerobic fermentation; drying, sterilizing, screening, and crushing the anaerobically fermented material to obtain a kitchen waste fermentation product. The method utilizes microorganisms to treat kitchen waste, provides a great treatment effect and high treatment efficiency, and is suitable for industrial applications.
Description
本发明属于环境领域，特别涉及一种用于厨余垃圾厌氧处理的混合菌。The invention belongs to the field of environment, and particularly relates to a mixed bacteria used for anaerobic treatment of kitchen waste.
厨余垃圾(泔脚)泛指饭店、宾馆等餐饮业，以及企事业单位、大专院校等公共食堂的食物下料和食物残余。随着城市经济高速增长，城市规模的迅速扩大，厨余垃圾与日俱增。我国每天厨余垃圾的产生量超过20Kt，据报道，仅上海市每天泔脚的发生量就达1300余吨。由于厨余垃圾容易发酵，变质，腐烂，不仅产生大量毒素，散发恶臭气体，还污染水体和大气，严重影响环境卫生，对人们的健康构成潜在威胁。因而，泔脚垃圾处理问题已严峻摆在了人们面前。Food waste (scratch feet) generally refers to food cuttings and food residues in restaurants, hotels and other catering industries, as well as in public canteens such as enterprises and institutions, colleges and universities. With the rapid economic growth of cities and the rapid expansion of the scale of cities, food waste is increasing day by day. The daily production of kitchen waste in my country exceeds 20Kt. According to reports, the daily occurrence of scum in Shanghai alone amounts to more than 1,300 tons. As food waste is prone to fermentation, deterioration, and decay, it not only produces a lot of toxins, emits malodorous gas, but also pollutes water and the atmosphere, seriously affecting environmental sanitation, and posing a potential threat to people's health. As a result, the problem of scum-foot waste disposal has been severely confronted by people.
我国传统的厨余垃圾处理方式是直接送到养殖场喂养生猪，此种处理方式对环境存在着多种潜在的危害，极易导致疾病的传播。近年来禽流感，口蹄疫等传染性疾病大规模流行，人畜间的交叉感染已经对人类的健康，社会的稳定构成了极大的威胁。目前，上海，苏州等市相继制定了相关政策，明令禁止用泔脚喂养生猪。The traditional way of processing food waste in my country is to send it directly to the farm to feed pigs. This kind of treatment has many potential hazards to the environment and can easily lead to the spread of diseases. In recent years, infectious diseases such as avian influenza and foot-and-mouth disease have spread on a large scale, and cross-infection between humans and animals has posed a great threat to human health and social stability. At present, Shanghai, Suzhou and other cities have successively formulated relevant policies, expressly prohibiting the use of swill to feed live pigs.
目前世界各国处理这类垃圾的方法通常有：1)填埋法：通过垃圾收集，装运到填埋场铺平压实。其优点为简便易行。缺点为造成地下水、空气、周围环境污染，且占用大量土地。2)焚烧法：固体废弃物高温分解，深度氧化的综合处理过程。其优点为迅速大幅度减少废弃物容积，消除有害细菌，还能用来供热发电。缺点为投资大，向大气排放有害物质(如二
英等)并散布不良尘埃，且发电量有限。3)堆肥：垃圾发酵后成为无害的腐植质，但发酵周期长，养分含量低，处理后体积大，仅适用于交通不便的农村，不适于厨余垃圾产生量较大的城市。
At present, the methods used by countries in the world to dispose of this kind of garbage are: 1) Landfill method: Garbage is collected and shipped to landfills for paving and compaction. Its advantage is simple and easy to implement. The disadvantage is that it causes pollution of groundwater, air, and surrounding environment, and occupies a lot of land. 2) Incineration method: a comprehensive treatment process of solid waste high-temperature decomposition and deep oxidation. The advantage is that the waste volume can be quickly and greatly reduced, harmful bacteria can be eliminated, and it can be used for heating and power generation. The disadvantage is that the investment is large, and harmful substances are discharged into the atmosphere (such as two British, etc.) and disperse undesirable dust, and the power generation is limited. 3) Composting: The waste becomes harmless humus after fermentation, but the fermentation cycle is long, the nutrient content is low, and the treated volume is large. It is only suitable for rural areas with inconvenient transportation and not suitable for cities with a large amount of kitchen waste.
采用厌氧消化技术处理厨余垃圾在国外发展迅速，国内对于厨余垃圾厌氧消化的研究和应用还处于起步阶段，根据发酵浆液中含固率的不同可分为干式 厌氧消化(固体含量在20％～35％)和湿式厌氧消化(固体含量在15％以下)，其中干式厌氧消化工艺过度依赖分选系统的可靠性，其分选系统比较复杂，较难控制，效果不佳，由于浆液中含固率较高，厌氧酸化容易发生，设备易堵塞，搅拌难度大，能耗高，设备调试运行较难，工艺的稳定性差、故障率高，后续处理复杂，无害化及减量化不彻底，二次污染控制难度大，湿式厌氧消化工艺的反应器和相关设备体积较大，对冲击负荷敏感，由于浆液中含固率较高需要用水稀释，水的耗量大，产生废水的量也大。The use of anaerobic digestion technology to treat kitchen waste has developed rapidly abroad. The domestic research and application of anaerobic digestion of kitchen waste is still in its infancy. According to the different solid content in the fermentation slurry, it can be divided into dry anaerobic digestion (solid The content is 20% to 35%) and wet anaerobic digestion (solid content below 15%). The dry anaerobic digestion process relies too much on the reliability of the sorting system. The sorting system is more complicated and difficult to control. Poor, due to the high solid content in the slurry, the anaerobic acidification is prone to occur, the equipment is easy to block, the mixing is difficult, the energy consumption is high, the equipment debugging is difficult, the process stability is high, the failure rate is high, and the subsequent processing is complicated. The damage and reduction are not thorough, and the secondary pollution control is difficult. The reactor and related equipment of the wet anaerobic digestion process are large in size and sensitive to shock load. Because the solid content in the slurry is high, it needs to be diluted with water. The consumption is large, and the amount of waste water produced is also large.
技术问题：为了解决现有技术的缺陷，本发明提供了一种用于厨余垃圾厌氧处理方法。Technical problem: In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for anaerobic treatment of kitchen waste.
技术解决方案：本发明提供的一种用于厨余垃圾厌氧处理方法，包括以下步骤：Technical solution: The present invention provides a method for anaerobic treatment of kitchen waste, including the following steps:
(1)将当日产生的厨余垃圾进行除杂处理，得到除杂后的物料；(1) The kitchen waste generated on the day is processed for impurity removal, and the materials after impurity removal are obtained;
(2)过滤多余泔水后，分拣，将初步过滤分拣后的物料粉碎；(2) After filtering the excess swill, sort, and crush the materials after preliminary filtering and sorting;
(3)将粉碎后的物料依次进行脱水和脱盐脱脂处理；(3) Dewatering and desalting and degreasing the crushed materials in sequence;
(4)调节脱水和脱盐脱脂处理后的物料，使其含水率在50％～75％，再送至水解酸化池内，水解酸化处理1-3天，再将水解酸化后的物料与厌氧混合菌混合，进行厌氧发酵；(4) Adjust the material after dehydration and desalination and degreasing treatment to make it have a moisture content of 50%-75%, and then send it to the hydrolysis acidification tank for hydrolysis and acidification treatment for 1-3 days, and then the hydrolysis and acidification material and anaerobic mixed bacteria Mix and carry out anaerobic fermentation;
(5)将厌氧发酵的物料进行烘干灭菌和筛选粉碎，得到厨余发酵产物。(5) Drying, sterilizing, screening and crushing the anaerobic fermentation materials to obtain food waste fermentation products.
作为优选，厌氧处理中用到的混合菌包括碳水化合物发酵菌(Syntrophomonas)、碳水化合物发酵菌(Alkaliphilus)、脂肪降解菌(Erysipelotrichia)、甲烷鬃菌(Methanosaeta)、甲烷螺菌(Methanospirillum)、梭菌(Clostridia)。Preferably, the mixed bacteria used in the anaerobic treatment include carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Syntrophomonas), carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Alkaliphilus), fat degrading bacteria (Erysipelotrichia), Methanosaeta, Methanospirillum, Clostridia.
作为优选，厌氧处理中用到的混合菌中，所述碳水化合物发酵菌(Syntrophomonas)占有效活菌数量比例为50-60％，碳水化合物发酵菌(Alkaliphilus)占有效活菌数量比例为20-30％，脂肪降解菌(Erysipelotrichia)占有效活菌数量比例为4-10％，甲烷鬃菌(Methanosaeta)占有效活菌数量比例为3-10％，类腐败梭菌(Clostridium paraputrificum)占有效活菌数量比例为3-10％。Preferably, in the mixed bacteria used in the anaerobic treatment, the carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Syntrophomonas) accounted for 50-60% of the effective viable bacteria, and the carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Alkaliphilus) accounted for 20% of the effective viable bacteria. -30%, fat-degrading bacteria (Erysipelotrichia) accounted for 4-10% of effective live bacteria, Methanosaeta accounted for 3-10% of effective live bacteria, Clostridium paraputrificum accounted for effective The proportion of viable bacteria is 3-10%.
作为优选，厌氧处理中用到的混合菌中，所述碳水化合物发酵菌(Syntrophomonas)占有效活菌数量比例为55％，碳水化合物发酵菌(Alkaliphilus)占有效活菌 数量比例为25％，脂肪降解菌(Erysipelotrichia)占有效活菌数量比例为8％，甲烷鬃菌(Methanosaeta)占有效活菌数量比例为6％，类腐败梭菌(Clostridium paraputrificum)占有效活菌数量比例为6％。Preferably, in the mixed bacteria used in the anaerobic treatment, the carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Syntrophomonas) accounted for 55% of the effective viable bacteria, and the carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Alkaliphilus) accounted for 25% of the effective viable bacteria. Fat-degrading bacteria (Erysipelotrichia) accounted for 8% of the number of effective live bacteria, Methanosaeta (Methanosaeta) accounted for 6% of the number of effective live bacteria, and Clostridium paraputrificum (Clostridium paraputrificum) accounted for 6% of the number of effective live bacteria.
步骤(2)中，碎至粒径为1～3cm。In step (2), crush to a particle size of 1 to 3 cm.
步骤(3)中，所述脱盐脱脂处理为用55℃-90℃的水对脱水后的物料进行清洗以脱除物料中的盐和油脂。In step (3), the desalting and degreasing treatment is to wash the dehydrated material with water at 55° C.-90° C. to remove salt and grease in the material.
步骤(4)中，厌氧发酵处理的条件包括：控制发酵温度为40-60℃，转速为2-6转/分钟，每千克固形物的进风量为3-10m
3/h，发酵10-15天。
In step (4), the conditions of anaerobic fermentation treatment include: controlling the fermentation temperature at 40-60°C, rotating speed at 2-6 revolutions per minute, air intake per kilogram of solids at 3-10m 3 /h, and fermentation at 10- 15 days.
步骤(5)中，烘干灭菌的温度为120-160℃。In step (5), the temperature for drying and sterilizing is 120-160°C.
有益效果：本发明提供的厨余垃圾厌氧处理方法利用微生物对厨余垃圾处理，处理效果好，处理效率高，适于工业化应用。Beneficial effects: The anaerobic treatment method for kitchen waste provided by the present invention utilizes microorganisms to treat kitchen waste, has good treatment effect and high treatment efficiency, and is suitable for industrial applications.
发明实施例Invention embodiment
下面结合实施例，对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。The specific implementation of the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention.
实施例1Example 1
用于厨余垃圾厌氧处理方法，包括以下步骤：The method for anaerobic treatment of kitchen waste includes the following steps:
(1)将当日产生的厨余垃圾进行除杂处理，得到除杂后的物料；(1) The kitchen waste generated on the day is processed for impurity removal, and the materials after impurity removal are obtained;
(2)过滤多余泔水后，分拣，将初步过滤分拣后的物料粉碎；碎至粒径为1～3cm。(2) After filtering the excess swill, sort, and crush the materials after preliminary filtering and sorting; crush to a particle size of 1 to 3 cm.
(3)将粉碎后的物料依次进行脱水和脱盐脱脂处理；所述脱盐脱脂处理为用55℃的水对脱水后的物料进行清洗以脱除物料中的盐和油脂。(3) The crushed materials are subjected to dehydration and desalting and degreasing treatments in sequence; the desalting and degreasing treatment is to wash the dehydrated materials with water at 55° C. to remove salt and grease in the materials.
(4)调节脱水和脱盐脱脂处理后的物料，使其含水率在50％，再送至水解酸化池内，水解酸化处理1天，再将水解酸化后的物料与厌氧混合菌混合，进行厌氧发酵；；厌氧发酵处理的条件包括：控制发酵温度为40℃，转速为2转/分钟，每千克固形物的进风量为3m
3/h，发酵10天。
(4) Adjust the material after dehydration and desalination and degreasing treatment to make the water content of 50%, and then send it to the hydrolysis acidification tank for hydrolysis and acidification treatment for 1 day, and then mix the hydrolysis and acidification material with anaerobic mixed bacteria for anaerobic Fermentation; Anaerobic fermentation treatment conditions include: controlling the fermentation temperature at 40°C, rotating speed at 2 revolutions per minute, air intake per kilogram of solids at 3 m 3 /h, and fermentation for 10 days.
(5)将厌氧发酵的物料进行烘干灭菌和筛选粉碎，得到厨余发酵产物；烘干灭菌的温度为120℃。(5) Drying and sterilizing the anaerobic fermentation materials, screening and crushing, to obtain food waste fermentation products; the temperature for drying and sterilizing is 120°C.
其中，用于厨余垃圾厌氧处理的混合菌，包括碳水化合物发酵菌(Syntrophomonas)、碳水化合物发酵菌(Alkaliphilus)、脂肪降解菌(Erysipelotrichia)、甲烷鬃菌(Methanosaeta)、甲烷螺菌(Methanospirillum)、梭菌(Clostridia)。Among them, the mixed bacteria used for the anaerobic treatment of kitchen waste include carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Syntrophomonas), carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Alkaliphilus), fat degrading bacteria (Erysipelotrichia), Methanosaeta, Methanospirillum ), Clostridia.
所述碳水化合物发酵菌(Syntrophomonas)占有效活菌数量比例为50％，碳水化合物发酵菌(Alkaliphilus)占有效活菌数量比例为20％，脂肪降解菌(Erysipelotrichia)占有效活菌数量比例为10％，甲烷鬃菌(Methanosaeta)占有效活菌数量比例为10％，类腐败梭菌(Clostridium paraputrificum)占有效活菌数量比例为10％。The carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Syntrophomonas) accounted for 50% of the effective viable bacteria, the carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Alkaliphilus) accounted for 20% of the effective viable bacteria, and the fat-degrading bacteria (Erysipelotrichia) accounted for 10% of the effective viable bacteria. %, Methanosaeta accounted for 10% of the effective viable bacteria, and Clostridium paraputrificum accounted for 10% of the effective viable bacteria.
上述用于厨余垃圾厌氧处理的混合菌的制备方法，将干燥的碳水化合物发酵菌(Syntrophomonas)、碳水化合物发酵菌(Alkaliphilus)、脂肪降解菌(Erysipelotrichia)、甲烷鬃菌(Methanosaeta)、甲烷螺菌(Methanospirillum)、梭菌(Clostridia)混合均匀，即得。The above-mentioned method for preparing mixed bacteria for anaerobic treatment of kitchen waste includes dry carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Syntrophomonas), carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Alkaliphilus), fat degrading bacteria (Erysipelotrichia), methanosaeta (Methanosaeta), and methane Mix spirillum (Methanospirillum) and Clostridia (Clostridia) evenly and get it.
实施例2Example 2
用于厨余垃圾厌氧处理方法，包括以下步骤：The method for anaerobic treatment of kitchen waste includes the following steps:
(1)将当日产生的厨余垃圾进行除杂处理，得到除杂后的物料；(1) The kitchen waste generated on the day is processed for impurity removal, and the materials after impurity removal are obtained;
(2)过滤多余泔水后，分拣，将初步过滤分拣后的物料粉碎；碎至粒径为1～3cm。(2) After filtering the excess swill, sort, and crush the materials after preliminary filtering and sorting; crush to a particle size of 1 to 3 cm.
(3)将粉碎后的物料依次进行脱水和脱盐脱脂处理；所述脱盐脱脂处理为用90℃的水对脱水后的物料进行清洗以脱除物料中的盐和油脂。(3) The crushed materials are sequentially dehydrated and desalted and degreasing treatment; the desalting and degreasing treatment is to wash the dehydrated materials with water at 90° C. to remove salt and grease in the materials.
(4)调节脱水和脱盐脱脂处理后的物料，使其含水率在75％，再送至水解酸化池内，水解酸化处理3天，再将水解酸化后的物料与厌氧混合菌混合，进行厌氧发酵；厌氧发酵处理的条件包括：控制发酵温度为60℃，转速为6转/分钟，每千克固形物的进风量为10m
3/h，发酵15天。
(4) Adjust the material after dehydration and desalination and degreasing treatment to make it have a moisture content of 75%, and then send it to the hydrolysis acidification tank for hydrolysis and acidification treatment for 3 days, and then mix the hydrolysis and acidification material with anaerobic mixed bacteria for anaerobic Fermentation; the conditions of anaerobic fermentation treatment include: controlling the fermentation temperature at 60°C, rotating speed at 6 revolutions per minute, air intake per kilogram of solids at 10 m 3 /h, and fermentation for 15 days.
(5)将厌氧发酵的物料进行烘干灭菌和筛选粉碎，得到厨余发酵产物；烘干灭菌的温度为120-160℃。(5) The anaerobic fermentation materials are dried, sterilized, screened and crushed to obtain food waste fermentation products; the temperature of drying and sterilization is 120-160°C.
用于厨余垃圾厌氧处理的混合菌，包括碳水化合物发酵菌(Syntrophomonas)、碳水化合物发酵菌(Alkaliphilus)、脂肪降解菌(Erysipelotrichia)、甲烷鬃菌(Methanosaeta)、甲烷螺菌(Methanospirillum)、梭菌(Clostridia)。Mixed bacteria used for anaerobic treatment of kitchen waste, including carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Syntrophomonas), carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Alkaliphilus), fat degrading bacteria (Erysipelotrichia), Methanosaeta, Methanospirillum, Clostridia.
所述碳水化合物发酵菌(Syntrophomonas)占有效活菌数量比例为60％，碳水化合物发酵菌(Alkaliphilus)占有效活菌数量比例为30％，脂肪降解菌(Erysipelotrichia)占有效活菌数量比例为4％，甲烷鬃菌(Methanosaeta)占有效活菌数量比例为3％，类腐败梭菌(Clostridium paraputrificum)占有效活菌数量比例为3％。The carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Syntrophomonas) accounted for 60% of the effective viable bacteria, the carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Alkaliphilus) accounted for 30% of the effective viable bacteria, and the fat-degrading bacteria (Erysipelotrichia) accounted for 4 %, Methanosaeta accounted for 3% of the effective viable bacteria, and Clostridium paraputrificum accounted for 3% of the effective viable bacteria.
上述用于厨余垃圾厌氧处理的混合菌的制备方法，将干燥的碳水化合物发酵菌(Syntrophomonas)、碳水化合物发酵菌(Alkaliphilus)、脂肪降解菌(Erysipelotrichia)、甲烷鬃菌(Methanosaeta)、甲烷螺菌(Methanospirillum)、梭菌(Clostridia)混合均匀，即得。The above-mentioned method for preparing mixed bacteria for anaerobic treatment of kitchen waste includes dry carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Syntrophomonas), carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Alkaliphilus), fat degrading bacteria (Erysipelotrichia), methanosaeta (Methanosaeta), and methane Mix spirillum (Methanospirillum) and Clostridia (Clostridia) evenly and get it.
实施例3Example 3
用于厨余垃圾厌氧处理方法，包括以下步骤：The method for anaerobic treatment of kitchen waste includes the following steps:
(1)将当日产生的厨余垃圾进行除杂处理，得到除杂后的物料；(1) The kitchen waste generated on the day is processed for impurity removal, and the materials after impurity removal are obtained;
(2)过滤多余泔水后，分拣，将初步过滤分拣后的物料粉碎；碎至粒径为1～3cm。(2) After filtering the excess swill, sort, and crush the materials after preliminary filtering and sorting; crush to a particle size of 1 to 3 cm.
(3)将粉碎后的物料依次进行脱水和脱盐脱脂处理；所述脱盐脱脂处理为用70℃的水对脱水后的物料进行清洗以脱除物料中的盐和油脂。(3) The crushed materials are subjected to dehydration and desalting and degreasing treatments in sequence; the desalting and degreasing treatment is to wash the dehydrated materials with water at 70° C. to remove salt and grease in the materials.
(4)调节脱水和脱盐脱脂处理后的物料，使其含水率在65％，再送至水解酸化池内，水解酸化处理2天，再将水解酸化后的物料与厌氧混合菌混合，进行厌氧发酵；厌氧发酵处理的条件包括：控制发酵温度为50℃，转速为4转/分钟，每千克固形物的进风量为6m
3/h，发酵12天。
(4) Adjust the material after dehydration and desalination and degreasing treatment to make it have a moisture content of 65%, and then send it to the hydrolysis and acidification tank for hydrolysis and acidification treatment for 2 days, and then mix the hydrolysis and acidification material with anaerobic mixed bacteria for anaerobic Fermentation; the conditions of anaerobic fermentation treatment include: controlling the fermentation temperature at 50°C, rotating speed at 4 revolutions per minute, air intake per kilogram of solids at 6 m 3 /h, and fermentation for 12 days.
(5)将厌氧发酵的物料进行烘干灭菌和筛选粉碎，得到厨余发酵产物；烘干灭菌的温度为140℃。(5) The anaerobic fermentation materials are dried, sterilized, screened and crushed to obtain food waste fermentation products; the temperature of drying and sterilization is 140°C.
用于厨余垃圾厌氧处理的混合菌，包括碳水化合物发酵菌(Syntrophomonas)、碳水化合物发酵菌(Alkaliphilus)、脂肪降解菌(Erysipelotrichia)、甲烷鬃菌(Methanosaeta)、甲烷螺菌(Methanospirillum)、梭菌(Clostridia)。Mixed bacteria used for anaerobic treatment of kitchen waste, including carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Syntrophomonas), carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Alkaliphilus), fat degrading bacteria (Erysipelotrichia), Methanosaeta, Methanospirillum, Clostridia.
所述碳水化合物发酵菌(Syntrophomonas)占有效活菌数量比例为55％，碳水化合物发酵菌(Alkaliphilus)占有效活菌数量比例为25％，脂肪降解菌(Erysipelotrichia)占有效活菌数量比 例为8％，甲烷鬃菌(Methanosaeta)占有效活菌数量比例为6％，类腐败梭菌(Clostridium paraputrificum)占有效活菌数量比例为6％。The carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Syntrophomonas) accounted for 55% of the effective viable bacteria, the carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Alkaliphilus) accounted for 25% of the effective viable bacteria, and the fat-degrading bacteria (Erysipelotrichia) accounted for 8 percent of the effective viable bacteria. %, Methanosaeta accounted for 6% of the effective viable bacteria, and Clostridium paraputrificum accounted for 6% of the effective viable bacteria.
上述用于厨余垃圾厌氧处理的混合菌的制备方法，将干燥的碳水化合物发酵菌(Syntrophomonas)、碳水化合物发酵菌(Alkaliphilus)、脂肪降解菌(Erysipelotrichia)、甲烷鬃菌(Methanosaeta)、甲烷螺菌(Methanospirillum)、梭菌(Clostridia)混合均匀，即得。The above-mentioned method for preparing mixed bacteria for anaerobic treatment of kitchen waste includes dry carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Syntrophomonas), carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Alkaliphilus), fat degrading bacteria (Erysipelotrichia), methanosaeta (Methanosaeta), and methane Mix spirillum (Methanospirillum) and Clostridia (Clostridia) evenly and get it.
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的若干实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can be made, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention should be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (8)
- 一种用于厨余垃圾厌氧处理方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：An anaerobic treatment method for kitchen waste, which is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:(1)将当日产生的厨余垃圾进行除杂处理，得到除杂后的物料；(1) The kitchen waste generated on the day is processed for impurity removal, and the materials after impurity removal are obtained;(2)过滤多余泔水后，分拣，将初步过滤分拣后的物料粉碎；(2) After filtering the excess swill, sort, and crush the materials after preliminary filtering and sorting;(3)将粉碎后的物料依次进行脱水和脱盐脱脂处理；(3) Dewatering and desalting and degreasing the crushed materials in sequence;(4)调节脱水和脱盐脱脂处理后的物料，使其含水率在50％～75％，再送至水解酸化池内，水解酸化处理1-3天，再将水解酸化后的物料与厌氧混合菌混合，进行厌氧发酵；(4) Adjust the material after dehydration and desalination and degreasing treatment to make it have a moisture content of 50%-75%, and then send it to the hydrolysis acidification tank for hydrolysis and acidification treatment for 1-3 days, and then the hydrolysis and acidification material and anaerobic mixed bacteria Mix and carry out anaerobic fermentation;(5)将厌氧发酵的物料进行烘干灭菌和筛选粉碎，得到厨余发酵产物。(5) Drying, sterilizing, screening and crushing the anaerobic fermentation materials to obtain food waste fermentation products.
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于厨余垃圾厌氧处理方法，其特征在于：厌氧处理中用到的混合菌包括碳水化合物发酵菌(Syntropho monas)、碳水化合物发酵菌(Alkaliphilus)、脂肪降解菌(Erysipelot richia)、甲烷鬃菌(Methanosaeta)、甲烷螺菌(Methanospirillu m)、梭菌(Clostridia)。The method for anaerobic treatment of kitchen waste according to claim 1, wherein the mixed bacteria used in the anaerobic treatment include carbohydrate fermenting bacteria (Syntropho monas), carbohydrate fermenting bacteria (Alkaliphilus), Fat degrading bacteria (Erysipelot richia), Methanosaeta (Methanosaeta), Methanospirillum (Methanospirillum), Clostridia (Clostridia).
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于厨余垃圾厌氧处理方法，其特征在于：厌氧处理中用到的混合菌中，所述碳水化合物发酵菌(Syntro phomonas)占有效活菌数量比例为50-60％，碳水化合物发酵菌(Alkaliphilus)占有效活菌数量比例为20-30％，脂肪降解菌(Erysipelotrichia)占有效活菌数量比例为4-10％，甲烷鬃菌(Methanosaeta)占有效活菌数量比例为3-10％，类腐败梭菌(Clostridium paraputrificum)占有效活菌数量比例为3-10％。The method for anaerobic treatment of kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: among the mixed bacteria used in the anaerobic treatment, the carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Syntro phomonas) account for the ratio of the number of effective viable bacteria 50-60%, carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Alkaliphilus) accounted for 20-30% of effective live bacteria, fat-degrading bacteria (Erysipelotrichia) accounted for 4-10% of effective live bacteria, and Methanosaeta accounted for The ratio of the number of effective viable bacteria is 3-10%, and the ratio of Clostridium paraputrificum to the number of effective viable bacteria is 3-10%.
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于厨余垃圾厌氧处理方法，其特征在于：厌氧处理中用到的混合菌中，所述碳水化合物发酵菌(Syntro phomonas)占有效活菌数量比例为55％，碳水化合物发酵菌(Alkaliphilus)占有效活菌数量比例为25％，脂肪降解菌(Erysipelotrichia)占有效活 菌数量比例为8％，甲烷鬃菌(Methanosaeta)占有效活菌数量比例为6％，类腐败梭菌(Clostridium paraputrificum)占有效活菌数量比例为6％。The method for anaerobic treatment of kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: among the mixed bacteria used in the anaerobic treatment, the carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Syntro phomonas) account for the ratio of the number of effective viable bacteria 55%, carbohydrate fermentation bacteria (Alkaliphilus) accounted for 25% of the effective number of live bacteria, fat-degrading bacteria (Erysipelotrichia) accounted for 8% of the effective number of live bacteria, Methanosaeta (Methanosaeta) accounted for the number of effective live bacteria ratio is 6%, Clostridium paraputrificum (Clostridium paraputrificum) accounts for 6% of the effective viable bacteria.
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于厨余垃圾厌氧处理方法，其特征在于：步骤(2)中，碎至粒径为1～3cm。The method for anaerobic treatment of kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step (2), crushing to a particle size of 1 to 3 cm.
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于厨余垃圾厌氧处理方法，其特征在于：步骤(3)中，所述脱盐脱脂处理为用55℃-90℃的水对脱水后的物料进行清洗以脱除物料中的盐和油脂。The method for anaerobic treatment of kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step (3), the desalination and degreasing treatment is to wash the dehydrated materials with water at 55°C-90°C To remove the salt and grease in the material.
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于厨余垃圾厌氧处理方法，其特征在于：步骤(4)中，厌氧发酵处理的条件包括：控制发酵温度为40-60℃，转速为2-6转/分钟，每千克固形物的进风量为3-10m 3/h，发酵10-15天。 The method for anaerobic treatment of kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step (4), the conditions of the anaerobic fermentation treatment include: controlling the fermentation temperature to 40-60°C and the rotating speed to 2 6 revolutions per minute, the air intake per kilogram of solid matter is 3-10m 3 /h, and the fermentation is 10-15 days.
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于厨余垃圾厌氧处理方法，其特征在于：步骤(5)中，烘干灭菌的温度为120-160℃。The method for anaerobic treatment of kitchen waste according to claim 1, wherein in step (5), the temperature of drying and sterilizing is 120-160°C.
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