Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
  • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
  • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
  • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
  • D02G3/442—Cut or abrasion resistant yarns or threads
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
  • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
  • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
  • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
  • D02G3/04—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A41—WEARING APPAREL
  • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
  • A41D19/00—Gloves
  • A41D19/015—Protective gloves
  • A41D19/01505—Protective gloves resistant to mechanical aggressions, e.g. cutting. piercing
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A41—WEARING APPAREL
  • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
  • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
  • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
  • A41D31/24—Resistant to mechanical stress, e.g. pierce-proof
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
  • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
  • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
  • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
  • D02G3/04—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials
  • D02G3/047—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials including aramid fibres
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
  • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
  • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
  • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
  • D02G3/12—Threads containing metallic filaments or strips
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
  • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
  • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
  • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
  • D02G3/26—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre with characteristics dependent on the amount or direction of twist
  • D02G3/28—Doubled, plied, or cabled threads
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
  • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
  • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
  • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
  • D02G3/32—Elastic yarns or threads ; Production of plied or cored yarns, one of which is elastic
  • D02G3/328—Elastic yarns or threads ; Production of plied or cored yarns, one of which is elastic containing elastane
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
  • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
  • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
  • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
  • D02G3/36—Cored or coated yarns or threads
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04B—KNITTING
  • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
  • D04B1/22—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration
  • D04B1/24—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration wearing apparel
  • D04B1/28—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration wearing apparel gloves
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04B—KNITTING
  • D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
  • D04B21/20—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting articles of particular configuration
  • D04B21/207—Wearing apparel or garment blanks
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A41—WEARING APPAREL
  • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
  • A41D2500/00—Materials for garments
  • A41D2500/10—Knitted
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2101/00—Inorganic fibres
  • D10B2101/20—Metallic fibres
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D10B2321/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins
  • D10B2321/021—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins polyethylene
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
  • D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
  • D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
  • D10B2331/021—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides aromatic polyamides, e.g. aramides
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
  • D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
  • D10B2331/10—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyurethanes
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2501/00—Wearing apparel
  • D10B2501/04—Outerwear; Protective garments
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2501/00—Wearing apparel
  • D10B2501/04—Outerwear; Protective garments
  • D10B2501/041—Gloves
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2501/00—Wearing apparel
  • D10B2501/04—Outerwear; Protective garments
  • D10B2501/042—Headwear
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2501/00—Wearing apparel
  • D10B2501/04—Outerwear; Protective garments
  • D10B2501/043—Footwear

Definitions

• the present invention relates to multi-ply twisted yams for a cut-resistant fabric and the cut-resistant fabric made thereof, and the cut-resistant fabric is not only comfortable, soft and flexible, but also extraordinarily cut resistant.
• the present invention provides multi-ply twisted yarns for a cut-resistant fabric, and the yarns comprise:
• the skin comprises cut-resistant staple fibers
• the core comprises at least an elastomer filament
• the cut-resistant staple fibers of the second single yam are selected from one or more of aromatic polyamide staple fibers, aliphatic polyamide staple fibers and polyethylene staple fibers.
• the present invention further provides a cut-resistant fabric comprising the multi-ply twisted yams and a protective product comprising the cut-resistant fabric.
• the protective product may be a protective glove, protective clothing, a protective vest, a protective cap, an armguard, a protective blanket, a protective curtain, a protective shoe, work clothing, or sports wear.
• Fig. 1 shows one embodiment of multi-ply twisted yarns of the present invention.
• Fig. 2 is a cutaway view of one embodiment of multi-ply twisted yarns of the present invention.
• the term “made of" is synonymous with the term “comprising”.
• the term “comprising”, “including”, “provided with”, “containing” or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.
• a compound, process, method, product, or instrument comprising a series of elements is not necessarily limited to those elements and instead may include other elements not expressly listed or other elements intrinsic to such a compound, process, method, product, or instrument.
• connective does not include any unspecified elements, steps, or components.
• such a connective confines the claims to the listed materials except common impurities concomitant therewith.
• phrase “composed of' appears in a subordinate clause of the characteristic part in the claims, instead of immediately following the preorder part, it only limits the elements listed in the subordinate clause, and other elements are not excluded from the entirety of the claims.
• connective basic and novel characteristics of the claimed invention.
• the connective is used to limit a compound, method, or instrument, excluding materials, steps, characteristics, components, or elements other than those discussed literally, on condition that these additional materials, steps, characteristics, components, or elements do not substantially affect any basic and novel characteristics of the claimed invention.
• the term "basically composed of" defines an intermediate scope between “comprising” and “composed of".
• Mol% refers to molar percent.
• the term “homopolymer” refers to a polymer obtained by polymerization of a repeating unit.
• poly-p-phenylene terephthamide homopolymer refers to a polymer basically composed of a repeating unit "p-phenylene terephthamide”.
• copolymer refers to a copolymer of a copolymerization unit obtained by copolymerization of two or more types of co-monomers.
• fiber is defined as a relatively flexible and extended object that has a high ratio of a length to the width of a cross section perpendicular to the length.
• a fiber cross section may be of any shape, for example, circular, flat, or elliptical, but generally circular.
• a fiber cross section may be solid or hollow, preferably solid.
• a fiber may be a filament or staple fiber.
• filament refers to artificial continuous fiber obtained by passing a chemical spinning solution through a spinning nozzle, with a length of up to several hundred meters.
• staple fiber refers to one of the short fiber segments into which a fiber may be cut; it may be natural fiber, for example, cotton, hemp, or fur, or may be one of the short fibers into which a filament is cut, with a specified length about 10 mm to 300 mm.
• the term “yarn” is defined as a single ply that is composed of a plurality of fibers and formed by twisting staple fibers and/or filaments.
• multi-ply twisted yams is defined as being prepared by twisting together at least two types of separate single yams; the term “twisting together at least two types of separate single yams” refers to twisting together two types of single yarns, but no type of yams completely covers another type of yams, which allows the term “multi-ply twisted yarns” to be distinguishable from “wrap yam” or "covered yarn”.
• a first single yam completely covers the periphery of a second single yarn so that only the first single yarn emerges out of the surface of obtained multi-ply twisted yams.
• twisting refers to causing the two cross sections of a sliver to rotate relative to each other, so that the fibers in the sliver, originally parallel to the yarn axis, tilt to form a helix.
• the extent of twisting is characterized by "twist factor”, which refers to the number of twists required for each unit length to aggregate staple fibers and/or filaments; twisting and turning yarns by one round is one twist, namely, a twist round.
• Twist factor may be defined by any one of a plurality of dimensions and "twist factor" as used in this Description is defined by the number of twist rounds of yams within a length of 100 cm, measured in twists per meter (TPM).
• a twist having a bottom-up and right-to-left twist round is known as an S twist
• a twist having a bottom-up and left-to-right twist round is known as a Z twist.
• the fineness of a fiber or yarn is generally expressed by diameter or linear density (dtex); dtex indicates the weight, in grams, of a fiber or yam that is 10,000 meters long at a public moisture regain.
• Fig. 1 shows one embodiment of multi-ply twisted yams of the present invention, which comprises a first single yam 1 having a skin-core stmcture and a second single yarn 2 having a skin-core stmcture.
• Fig. 2 is a cutaway view of one embodiment of multi-ply twisted yarns of the present invention, wherein the skin of the first single yarn 1 having a skin-core stmcture is an aromatic polyamide staple fiber 11 and the core is a tungsten filament 12; the skin of the second single yam 2 having a skin-core stmcture is a cut-resistant staple fiber 21 and the core is an elastomer filament 22.
• the first single yarn is a single yam having a skin-core stmcture, wherein the skin comprises aromatic polyamide staple fibers and the core comprises filaments made of metallic tungsten, namely, tungsten filaments; based on the total weight of the first single yam, the content of aromatic polyamide staple fibers is about 45wt% to 75wt%, and the content of tungsten filaments is about 25wt% to 55wt%.
• skin-core stmcture means that the skin (namely, the aromatic polyamide staple fibers) completely or partially covers the core (namely, the tungsten filaments) for spinning into a single yarn.
• An objective of the use of a skin-core stmcture is to cover and protect tungsten filaments with aromatic polyamide staple fibers, thus preventing direct friction or contact between a tungsten filament and another material and also allowing fabric that comprises such yarns to have improved comfort.
• an aromatic polyamide staple fiber is congealed on the periphery of a tungsten filament at a density sufficient to cover the core.
• the degree of coverage depends on the spinning method used. In conventional ring spinning, only most of the central core is covered; however, even if partially covered, it is deemed to be a skin-core stmcture applicable to an objective of the present invention.
• the skin may further contain fibers made of certain other materials, to the degree of being able to bear a decrease in cut resistance caused by another material.
• the aromatic polyamide staple fiber has a length of about 20 mm to 200 mm or about 35 mm to 60 mm, a diameter of about 5 pm to 25 pm, and a linear density of about 0.5 dtex to 7 dtex or about 1.5 dtex to 3 dtex.
• the aromatic polyamide staple fibers may be para-aromatic polyamide staple fibers, meta-aromatic polyamide staple fibers, group butyl copolymer (p-phenylene/3,4 diphenyl ether benzenedicarboxamide) staple fibers, poly(imide-benzoxazole) staple fibers, or a mixture thereof, preferably, para-aromatic polyamide staple fibers.
• Para-aromatic polyamide staple fiber refers to staple fiber made of para-aromatic polyamide, and the term "para-aromatic polyamide" refers to poly(p-phenylene terephthamide) homopolymer and poly(p-phenylene terephthamide) copolymer.
• a poly(p-phenylene terephthamide) homopolymer is derived by equimolar polymerization of para-phenyl ene diamine (PPD) and terephthalyl chloride (TCI).
• a poly(p-phenylene terephthamide) copolymer is derived by incorporating up to 10Mol% of other diamines into diaminobenzene and incorporating up to about 10Mol% of other diacyl chlorides into TCI, on condition that the other diamines and diacyl chlorides have no reactive groups that interfere with polyreaction.
• diamines other than diaminobenzene include, but are not limited to, meta-diaminobenzene or 3,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether (3,4'-ODA).
• diacyl chlorides other than TCI include, but are not limited to, isophthaloyl dichloride, 2,6-naphthoyl chloride, chloro terephthaloyl chloride, or dichloroterephthaloyl chloride.
• the above-described para-aromatic polyamide may be spun into a fiber by solution spinning. Fiber spinning is achievable by air spinning, wet spinning, or dry blast wet spinning (also known as air-gap spinning) with a porous spinning nozzle. Then, as needed, spun fibers may be treated by routine technology to neutralize, clean, dry, or thermally treat the fibers, thereby preparing stable and useful fibers and/or staple fibers.
• Aromatic polyamide staple fibers are commercially available, for example, Kevlar ® provided by DuPont Specialty Products US, LLC (hereinafter referred to as "DuPont"), Twaron ® or Technor ® provided by Teijin, or Zyl on ® provided by Toyobo.
• DuPont DuPont Specialty Products US, LLC
• Twaron ® or Technor ® provided by Teijin
• Zyl on ® provided by Toyobo.
• the tungsten filament may be a monofilament or a multifilament, preferably a single filament or a plurality of filaments, depending on the needs or requirements in specific circumstances.
• the tungsten filament has a diameter of about 1 pm to 150 pm, or about 10 pm to 75 pm, or about 22 pm to 38 pm, or about 25 pm to 35 pm, or about 28 pm to 32 pm.
• the second single yam is a single yarn having a skin-core stmcture, wherein the skin comprises cut-resistant staple fibers, and the core comprises at least an elastomer filament, the elastomer filament being completely or partially coverable by the cut-resistant staple fibers comprised by the skin based on the total weight of the second single yarn, the content of cut-resistant staple fibers is about 75wt% to 98wt%, and the content of elastomer filament is about
• a cut-resistant staple fiber on the periphery of the elastomer filament is achievable by a known method, for example, ring spinning, core spinning, jet spinning, or free end spinning.
• a cut-resistant staple fiber is congealed on the periphery of the elastomer filament at a density sufficient to cover the core.
• the elastomer filament is preferably a polyurethane elastomer filament, also known as "Spandex filament", which refers to a manufactured fiber, in which the fiber-forming substance is a long-chain synthetic elastomer containing at least 85wt% block polyurethane.
• a polyurethane elastomer filament also known as "Spandex filament”
• Such polyurethane is prepared by a mixture of polyether diols and diisocyanates, as well as a chain extender, and then is spun into an elastomer filament by melt spinning, dry spinning, or wet spinning.
• a polyurethane elastomer filament once extruded, is congealed with an agglutinating jet.
• a dry-spun polyurethane elastomer filament is sticky when just extruded.
• Agglutinant multifilament yams are generated by a combination of forming a group of such sticky filaments and using an agglutinating jet and then generally coated with a silicone resin or any other finishing agent before coiling to prevent them from adhering to the coil.
• Such an agglutinant filament group which actually contains many fine separate filaments adhered to one another along its length, is, in many aspects, superior to a polyurethane elastomer filament that has the same linear density.
• the polyurethane elastomer filament may exist in a polyurethane elastomer single yarn in the form of one or more separate filaments or one or more groups of agglutinant filaments, preferably with only one group of agglutinant filaments.
• a polyurethane elastomer filament in a relaxed state generally has a total linear density of about 22 dtex to 220 dtex, or about 33 dtex to 110 dtex, or about 44 dtex to 77 dtex.
• the elastomer fiber is mixed by a tensile force into the polyurethane elastomer single yarn.
• stretching may be described as a ratio of elongation of polyurethane elastomer fibers, which is the speed of the final polyurethane elastomer single yams divided by the transfer speed of the polyurethane elastomer fibers.
• Atypical ratio of elongation is 1.5 to 5.0, preferably 1.5 to 3.5. If the ratio of elongation is low, relatively low elastic resilience is produced; if the ratio of elongation is very high, it is difficult to process single yams, and the manufactured fabric will be too tight and uncomfortable.
• the most suitable ratio of elongation further depends on the percentage by weight of the polyurethane elastomer core. Further, a tensile device may be used to tighten and elongate polyurethane elastomer fibers, but it is less preferred because it is difficult to reproduce and control tensile force and elongation. The most suitable ratio of elongation for a type of fabric may be finally determined on the basis of the ideal conformality of and feel provided by the fabric.
• the cut-resistant staple fibers are selected from one or more of aromatic polyamide staple fibers, aliphatic polyamide staple fibers, polyester staple fibers, and polyethylene staple fibers.
• aromatic polyamide staple fibers may be para-aromatic polyamide staple fibers or meta-aromatic polyamide staple fibers, preferably para-aromatic polyamide staple fibers;
• the aliphatic polyamide staple fibers may be polyamide-6 (PA-6) staple fibers or polyamide-66 (PA-66) staple fibers;
• the polyester staple fibers may be polyethylene terephthalate (PET) staple fibers; and the polyethylene staple fibers may be ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) staple fibers.
• UHMWPE ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene
• the multi-ply twisted yarns are formed by twisting together at least one type of first single yams and at least one type of second single yams.
• multi-ply twisted yams of the present invention are manufactured by a two-step method or a combination method. For example, in step 1 of the two-step method, two or more single yarns are combined (without multi-ply twisting) parallel to each other and coiled on a coil. In the next step, two or more combined yams are ring-spun together by S twists to form multi-ply twisted yams.
• Multi-ply twisted yams generally have "Z" twists (single yarns generally have "S" twists).
• single yams may be multi-ply twisted by a combination method in which these two steps are combined in a single operation.
• single yams have a twist factor of about 400 TPM to 850 TPM
• multi-ply twisted yarns have a twist factor of 200 TPM to 400 TPM.
• multi-ply twisted yams may be combined with other multi-ply twisted yams that are the same as or different from them, thereby forming a yarn bundle for generating fabric, or separate multi-ply twisted yams may be used to form cut-resistant fabric, wherein a "yarn bundle" is one or more multi-ply twisted yams, or a plurality of single yams, or a combination of multi-ply twisted yams and single yams.
• a yam bundle has 1 to 3 multi-ply twisted yams, and the multi-ply twisted yarns or single yams in a yam bundle or fabric are not necessarily precisely the same.
• a yarn bundle may only contain single yarns that, instead of being multi-ply twisted, are simply combined as a yarn bundle to be fed into a robot for manufacturing knitted fabric.
• the multi-ply twisted yarns are prepared by multi-ply twisting at least one type of first single yarns and at least one type of second single yarns, the multi-ply twisted yarns having a total linear density of about 150 dtex to 1000 dtex, or about 240 dtex to 850 dtex.
• Multi-ply twisted yarns and single yams for preparing multi-ply twisted yarns may also comprise other materials, as long as the functions and performance delivered by the yarns or fabric made by the yams in a needed application remain unaffected.
• Cut-resistant fabric and protective product comprising the multi-ply twisted yarn
• the cut-resistant fabric comprising the multi-ply twisted yam can be made by use of knitting or weaving, and a cut resistance, a puncture resistance and a comfort are realized by regulating the knitting tightness.
• the protective product comprising the multi-ply twisted yarn or cut-resistant fabric can directly be made by use of knitting or weaving, or can be made by first making the multi-ply twisted yarn into a cut-resistant fabric by use of knitting or weaving and then stitching, bonding and cutting the fabric.
• the protective product can be a protective glove, protective clothing, a protective vest, a protective cap, an armguard, a protective blanket, a protective curtain, a protective shoe, work clothing, or sports wear.
• the multi-ply twisted yarn can directly be made into a protective glove by use of knitting. Any proper knitted pattern is acceptable to the cut-resistant fabric made by use of knitting.
• a glove knitting machine or circular knitting machine with a proper number of needles can be used to knit the multi-ply twisted yarn into a cut-resistant fabric or a protective glove by use of knitting.
• a knitting machine with 20 or more needles can be selected for the multi-ply twisted yam with a linear density less than 300 dtex, a knitting machine with 18 needles can be selected for the multi-ply twisted yam with a linear density approximately between 300 dtex and 500 dtex, a knitting machine with 15 needles can be selected for the multi-ply twisted yam with a linear density approximately between 500 dtex and 600 dtex, and a knitting machine with 13 needles can be selected for the multi -ply twisted yarn with a linear density approximately between 600 dtex and 850 dtex. If the selected knitting machine has fewer needles, the manufactured cut-resistant fabric or protective glove is thinner, more flexible and more comfortable.
• the cut-resistant fabric comprising the multi-ply twisted yarn of the present invention has a basic weight of about 100 g/m 2 to 500 g/m 2 or 200 g/m 2 to 400 g/m 2 , and a thickness of about 0.8 mm to 2.0 mm.
• the cut resistance of the cut-resistant fabric and protective product of the present invention is determined according to the standard method in ISO 13997.
• a cut resistance tester TDM-100 is used to test the cutting force in N of a fabric sample knitted by use of 100% multi -ply twisted yarn to be tested.
• a large cutting force indicates a high cut resistance of the fabric.
• the cutting force is divided by the basic weight of the fabric and then is multiplied by 100 to obtain a cutting force index in N/g/m 2 .
• the cut level of the cut-resistant fabric or protective product in ANSI/ISEA105 or EN388 2016 can be obtained according to the cutting force of the cut-resistance fabric or protective product of the present invention.
• ANSI/ISEA105 a load is exerted on a sharp straight-edged blade, and by the maximum load in grams (g), which can be exerted on the blade to ensure that a sample is not cut through after a 20-mm cutting distance of the blade, the cut resistance of the fabric can be classified into nine levels of level A1 to level A9, as listed in Table 1.
• the cutting force namely, the maximum force
• 9.8N/Kg the maximum load
• the cut resistance of the fabric can be classified into six levels of level A to level F, as listed in Table 2.
• the fabric made of the multi-ply twisted yarn of the present invention has an extraordinary cut resistance and can be used for cut-resistant, comfortable and flexible protective products.
• the fabric made of the multi-ply twisted yarn where the core of the first single yam comprises tungsten filaments is softer, more flexible, more comfortable and more cut-resistant than the fabric made of the multi-ply twisted yarn where the core of the first single yam comprises steel filaments.
• the cutting force of the fabric of the present invention is at least greater than 29.4 N, corresponding to cut level A6 or above in ANSI/I SEA 105, preferably at least greater than 39.2 N, corresponding to cut level A7 or above in ANSI/ISEA 105, or at least greater than 30 N, corresponding to cut level F or above in EN388 2016.
• the abbreviation "E” represents an embodiment
• the abbreviation “CE” represent a comparative example
• the number following an abbreviation indicates the embodiment or comparative example in which the multi-ply twisted yarn and the corresponding cut-resistant fabric is made. Both the embodiments and the comparative examples are prepared and tested in a similar way.
• Aromatic polyamide staple fibers (S): Kelvar ® 970 poly-p-phenylene terephthamide staple fibers from DuPont Specialty Products US, LLC, with a length of about 3.8 cm and a fineness of about 1.6 dtex.
• tungsten filaments (Cl): tungsten filaments from Xiamen Honglu Tungsten Molybdenum Industry Co., Ltd., with a diameter of about 20 pm, 25 pm, 30 pm, 35pm, 40 pm and 43 pm, respectively; polyurethane elastomer filaments (C2): Lycra ® 146 Spandex filaments with a fineness of about 44 dtex; steel filaments (M): 304L stainless steel filaments from Bekaert, with a diameter of about 50 pm.
• Use double drawing first drawing/final drawing) to process carded slivers into drawn slivers and process drawn slivers on a roving machine to produce roving yams.
• Use double drawing first drawing/final drawing) to process carded slivers into drawn slivers and process drawn slivers on a roving machine to produce roving yarns.
• Basic weight The basic weight in g/m 2 of a fabric is determined by dividing the weight of the fabric by the surface area of the fabric.
• Hi Cutting force The cutting force is determined according to the standard method in ISO 13997.
• Cutting force index The cutting force index is obtained by dividing the cutting force by the basic weight of the cut fabric and then multiplying by 100.
• DR Percentage variation
• DR% [(R h -Ro)/Ro] c 100
• Po is the cutting force in a reference example
• Pn is the cutting force used for a comparison in an embodiment.
• DA Percentage variation
• DA% [(Ah-Ao)/Ao] c 100
• Ao is the cutting force index in a reference example
• An is the cutting force index used for a comparison in an embodiment.
• Cut level The cut level of a fabric in ANSI/ISEA 105 (Table 1) and EN388 2016 (Table 2) is obtained according to the determined cutting force of the fabric.
• the cutting force is improved by about 60% to 104%
• the cutting force index is improved by about 42% to 52%
• the cut level increases from level A5 to level A7-A8 in ANSI/ISEA 105 or from level E to level F in EN388 2016, but the comfort decreases from "moderate" to "bad”.
• the fabric of the present invention when worn as a protective product, is softer, more comfortable and more flexible.
• Cutting force index 9.64 16.21 16.94 17.73 17.44 13.7 14.7 indicates that CE1 is a reference example used for calculating the percentage variations between CE1 and El to
• the multi-ply twisted yarn for a cut-resistant fabric comprises:

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
• Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
• Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
• Woven Fabrics (AREA)

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• 2019
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