WO2021043447A1

WO2021043447A1 - Textile surface material having splinter, stab and/or cutting protection

Info

Publication number: WO2021043447A1
Application number: PCT/EP2020/052252
Authority: WO
Inventors: Brigitte BAGGEN; Sarah VOGT
Original assignee: BLüCHER GMBH
Priority date: 2019-09-03
Filing date: 2020-01-30
Publication date: 2021-03-11
Also published as: DE202020100520U1; ES2946457T3; EP3994418B1; KR20220054414A; US20220390209A1; DK3994418T3; JP2022551387A; EP3994418A1; FI3994418T3

Abstract

The present invention relates to a textile surface material (surface structure) having splinter, stab and/or cutting protection, in particular for use in protective clothing or protective equipment, preferably for military and/or civil use.

Description

Textile surface material with splinter, stab and / or cut protection

The present invention relates to the technical field of textile flat materials or textile protective materials which have special protective properties, in particular with a view to providing protection against splinters, stabs or cuts. The materials in question can be used in particular in the military or civilian area, both in the area of personal protection and in the area of protecting objects such as military equipment or the like, in addition to having a protective function against the effects of cutting and stabbing weapons as well as shock weapons, a protective function against acting (explosive) forces or against ballistic objects or projectiles, in particular in the form of splinters or the like, is provided or guaranteed.

Against this background, the present invention relates in particular to a textile flat material (flat structure) with splinter, stab or cut protection, which can be used in particular for use in protective clothing or protective equipment for the military or civilian sector.

The present invention also relates to an article of protection which is designed in particular in the form of protective clothing or in the form of protective equipment and which has the textile sheet material according to the invention or is formed therefrom.

In addition, the present invention also relates to the use of the flat material according to the invention for providing or increasing protection against splinters, stabs or cuts in protective objects, such as can be in the form of protective clothing or protective equipment, for example.

Finally, the present invention also relates to a method for providing or increasing protection against splinters, stabs and / or cuts in the subject matter of protection. People who are deployed in the military sector and in terrorist defense, such as soldiers from military associations, border guards, police officers, security personnel or the like, are anti-terrorist missions or, in particular, military or terrorist missions in the context of their missions, such as military combat or security missions Avoidance of danger or the like, often exposed to the immediate or at least latent danger of direct physical force or force. Such an impact can, for example, in addition to the impact of projectiles originating from firearms or the like, also through the impact or explosion of explosive devices and the associated release of fragments [on the basis of primary fragments originating directly from the explosive device as well as those released in the subsequent process of the explosion secondary splinters (which can arise from the impact or the effect of primary splinters or pressure waves associated with the explosion on other objects)] and also as a result of the force of various objects such as debris flying around or the like. Such a force or force is associated with an even considerable risk of injury for those affected. In general, an acute threat can be seen in what are known as unconventional explosive devices, which are synonymous with LEDs ("improvised explosive devices"), for example from people who are in military action or counter terrorism, such as soldiers, border guards and police officers. Such explosive devices represent a dangerous tool with a high potential for destruction in warfare or in terrorist actions or the like.

Such unconventional explosive devices are also problematic in that they can often be manufactured without great technical effort or without great prior technical knowledge. In addition, the materials on which such explosive devices are based, as well as the size and appearance of such explosive devices, exhibit a high degree of variability, so that localization and identification are correspondingly difficult. Although unconventional explosive devices often have a simple structure, they are often associated with a high level of destructive power, since there is an explosive release of primary fragments and secondary fragments (which are caused or released by the impact of the primary fragments or the pressure wave on corresponding objects or the like) so that the total release of fragments is, so to speak, a dangerous and incalculable duplication. In addition, the explosion of unconventional explosive devices is accompanied by the creation of a large pressure wave as well as fire and heat, which represent further serious sources of danger.

In general, the functionality of unconventional explosive devices is that the explosive device is caused to burst by igniting explosives, accompanied by the explosive release of primary fragments, which propagate at high speed from the explosion site with the simultaneous pressure wave. In addition, the pressure wave and the resulting primary fragments can lead to the subsequent release of secondary fragments, often in the form of (micro) particles such as dirt, dust and sand as well as fragments of destroyed objects from the immediate or indirect vicinity of the explosion site of the explosive device. The secondary fragments can also be destroyed by the explosion, for example

Items of equipment, vehicles (such as vehicle interiors) or the like.

In this context, against the background of the mode of action of unconventional explosive devices, a so-called primary blast radius, which is based directly on the release of primary fragments from the unconventional explosive device, and a secondary blast radius ("secondary blast radius") , which concerns the subsequent release of secondary fragments as a result of the pressure wave and the resulting primary fragments, based on the point of explosion of an unconventional explosive device.

As a result of the special mode of operation of unconventional explosive devices, which includes the explosive release of primary fragments and the so-to-speak downstream formation or release of secondary fragments, the detonation of persons exposed to unconventional explosive devices, as mentioned above, results in a high risk of injury. In this context, large-area and serious injuries can occur, which in particular as a result of the action or penetration of primary or secondary splinters on or into the body, but also as a result of the pressure wave or the effects of fire and heat. These injuries are often so severe that they lead to death or require serious surgical interventions, including amputation of extremities or genitals, accompanied by a lasting loss of mobility or a profound reduction in the quality of life of the person concerned.

The injuries associated with the effects of unconventional explosive devices are therefore often extremely problematic, as splinters (primary splinters and secondary splinters) acting on a person often penetrate the upper layers of the skin of the person concerned and penetrate deep into the body, which is with the destruction or Injury to physiologically important body regions or structures, such as B. blood vessels, nerve tracts, internal organs or the like. In addition, there is often a high risk of infection, especially since with increased fragment density sometimes contaminated secondary fragments in high numbers and high density (i.e. with a small distance from one another) act on the body and, as mentioned above, sometimes penetrate deep into the body and consequently also direct contact or there is direct action on, for example, blood vessels or the like.

With regard to the resulting injuries or types of injuries, it is also important that the greater the distance from the explosion site, the altitude of the fragments emanating from explosions close to the ground generally also increases, so that, with increasing distance, often large-area fragments

Injuries in almost all areas of the body can result. As a result, it is generally the case that a frequent injury scenario is that there is corresponding damage starting from the lower extremities to the lower torso area of an affected person, with injuries to the upper extremities and, in particular, to the lateral upper body as the distance from the explosion site increases may be present on the neck and face of the affected person. In general, the chances of survival of people in the primary explosion radius are often only small due to the high speed and quantity as well as the size of the (primary) fragments released and due to the high exposure to heat, fire and pressure. On the other hand, the probability of survival increases with increasing distance from the explosion site, since in the secondary explosion radius there are primarily secondary fragments with lower impact energy. However, such secondary splinters sometimes lead to serious injuries of various types and intensities, since small splinter sizes are also problematic in this regard, in particular due to their large quantity and the associated high impact or impact density, accompanied by a correspondingly increased risk of infection, as before cited.

In addition, a further risk to persons deployed in military operations or in the fight against terrorism or danger arises from stabbing and cutting effects, such as those caused by the use of cutting or stabbing weapons such as knives or the like. This can also cause lasting injuries to a person in question.

In addition, due to the action of ballistic objects, such as projectiles, splinters, such as primary or secondary splinters, and in particular also from flying debris or the like, there is a considerable risk of destruction of equipment or items of equipment or the like used in action, with the equipment affected in this regard and equipment can be destroyed or damaged, accompanied by a loss of functionality. This, in turn, is associated with further disadvantages for people on duty, since due to destroyed or non-functional equipment or pieces of equipment, sometimes important technical support is no longer necessary and, moreover, the purpose or objective can no longer be implemented.

Thus, it behaves in particular in such a way that, for example, equipment or equipment used in corresponding military operations or to counter terrorism, such as emergency vehicles, machines, weapons, ammunition, spare parts, electronic objects, accessories, systems, facilities, equipment or the like, In particular, they can also be damaged or even destroyed by the action of unconventional explosive devices with the associated release of fragments, especially since these are often complex and technically sensitive objects. Corresponding primary or secondary fragments can, for example, penetrate the outer skin, walls or housing of corresponding objects and thus also act on the interior of the corresponding objects, accompanied by corresponding damage or destruction of the underlying equipment or equipment. In addition, objects of this type can also be correspondingly damaged or destroyed as a result of the use of, for example, cutting or stabbing weapons.

From the above, it is clear that there is a great need in the prior art to provide effective protective systems or corresponding protective materials which have an effective protective effect against splinters released by explosion or detonation or further protection against stabbing and cutting effects provide, whereby the corresponding material should ensure effective and individually adaptable protection with regard to persons to be protected as well as objects or equipment to be protected for a wide range of applications.

However, the protective materials or protective systems known in the prior art sometimes do not always meet the high requirements placed on such materials, namely neither with regard to their protective function as such nor their manageability, individual adaptability and their durability.

The protective materials known in the prior art also have the disadvantage that they are often not flexible enough with regard to their material properties, which impairs their individual adaptability to structures to be protected, their further processing and their wearing comfort, for example in the case of use as protective clothing. In addition, the protective materials known in the prior art do not always have the desired durability with regard to ballistic stability. Furthermore, the haptic properties are not always optimal. With regard to the state of the art with the approaches and measures there for the provision of protective materials to ensure a certain level of protection against objects released in the manner of explosions or projectiles, it should also be noted that the state of the art is largely based on the use of materials or yarns for Formation of textile sheet materials based on para-aramid (synonymous also as para-aramid, para-aramid or poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide (PPTA)) is turned off.

Such systems based on para-aramid have a certain strength, impact strength and elongation at break and are therefore fundamentally suitable as a splinter protection material, but a central disadvantage of para-aramids is that they are neither UV-stable nor moisture-stable, see above that corresponding materials based on para-aramids lose their strength properties and thus their ballistic protective function when exposed to UV radiation or moisture, such as body sweat or rain or washing water. For this reason, too, these materials are only poorly washable or cleanable, which is equally disadvantageous.

Furthermore, fibers or yarns based on para-aramids have only a low breaking strength transversely to the longitudinal axis, which is disadvantageous in particular with regard to the processing of these materials into corresponding textile flat materials, in particular in the form of knitted fabrics, since with curvature (e.g. with the loop formation) a yarn or fiber breakage can occur.

In order to counteract the aforementioned disadvantageous material properties of para-aramids in a certain way, the prior art sometimes provides for the material on the basis of para-aramids to be rendered water-repellent or to be welded in foils in order to avoid the degenerative process of loss of stability, in particular due to moisture or UV radiation to counteract. However, such a procedure is disadvantageous in that it impairs the wearing comfort of the resulting materials, since the moisture transport is reduced or prevented in the wearing state and the air permeability of the material is also adversely affected. Due to the high sensitivity to UV radiation, the underlying materials are only suitable to a limited extent for protective clothing in the form of outer clothing or outerwear, which is worn in particular as the outermost layer and is therefore exposed to direct sunlight. In this context, the drying or storage of the materials under solar radiation with corresponding UV exposure is also problematic.

DE 30 34 547 C2 relates to an item of clothing with at least one puncture-resistant surface element made of a plurality of three-dimensionally shaped and solidified layers of textile aramid fiber surfaces, the surface element being solidified by quilting in a preselected shape adapted to the body shape of the wearer.

Furthermore, WO 99/37969 A1 as well as DE 198 02 242 A1, EP 1 058 808 A1 and US Pat. No. 6,656,570 B1, belonging to the same patent family, relates to protective clothing for protection against puncture injuries, which is intended to ensure a certain protection against needle-like puncturing devices Protective clothing consists of several layers of flat structures made of break-proof materials, with more than one of the layers being coated with a layer of fluff. The focus is on the use of aramid fabrics to form the layers.

In addition, EP 1 229298 A1 relates to a protective element which can be used to protect equipment or objects and which has a cover-like structure with solid fibers, the protective element having flea spaces or chambers which are filled with at least one flea body. With regard to the underlying fibers, the main focus is on the use of aramid fibers.

As for the use of other raw materials other than para-aramid, which are used in particular in the form of yarns for the production of flat materials, the underlying yarns do not always have optimal processing properties, in particular with regard to their stiffness and sliding properties (as regards their Processing into textiles difficult). In addition, such yarns can still be optimized with regard to their stability. In addition, excessive stiffness due to the limited flexibility and pliability also does not lead to optimal wearing properties when used for protective clothing and limited adaptability of the materials when used as protective covers or the like for devices or items of equipment.

In summary, it can be stated that the materials cited in the prior art or the concepts provided in this regard do not always have optimal stability properties with regard to ensuring a certain protective function against the effects of ballistic forces, in particular with regard to providing a certain protection against splintering in terms of providing permanent ballistic resistance. Furthermore, the materials or concepts known in the prior art are not always associated with optimal application and processing properties, and in addition, especially with regard to use as protective clothing, there are not always optimal wear properties and with regard to use as protective equipment for objects optimum adaptation properties to the object to be protected are present.

Therefore, there is a great need overall to provide special protective materials which, at the same time, have a high protective function, in particular against splinters released by detonation or explosion, in the case of use as protective clothing also a high level of wearing comfort and in the case of use as protective material for equipment or Objects also have a high adaptability to the object to be protected.

Against this background, the present invention is therefore based on the object of providing an efficient concept for providing a protective material, the above-described disadvantages of the prior art being at least largely avoided or at least alleviated. In this context, a particular object of the present invention is to provide a protective material which can be used as protective clothing and also as protective equipment or material (for example to protect objects or equipment or the like) for the military or civilian Area can be used and which has an improved ballistic protective function compared to the prior art, in particular against splinters released by detonation or explosion, with stab and cut protection properties also to be provided. That should Protective material provided according to the invention also have high resistance to moisture and UV radiation while at the same time having a high protective function. In this context, an object of the present invention is also to be seen in particular in providing a special protective material which has a high level of surface stability and durability, with the protective material simultaneously being able to be used universally or individual adaptability with regard to the underlying application, for example as Protective clothing or as protective equipment for equipment or objects or the like should have or can be tailored for the respective purpose. Overall, a high splinter protection function and, at the same time, corresponding cut and puncture protection properties are to be provided. In the case of use as protective clothing, a correspondingly high level of wearing comfort should also be ensured.

Likewise, a further object of the present invention is to provide a corresponding protective material which, via improved processability, to make corresponding protective clothing or clothing.

Protective equipment.

In order to achieve the object described above, the present invention thus proposes - according to a first aspect of the present invention - the textile flat material or flat structure with splinters, stabbing and / or

Cut protection properties, preferably with splinter protection properties, in particular for use in protective clothing or protective equipment for the military and / or civilian sector, according to claim 1 and the further independent claims (subsidiary claims) in this regard; further advantageous developments and refinements of this

Aspects of the invention are the subject matter of the corresponding subclaims relating to the flat textile material. Another object of the present invention is - according to a second aspect of the present invention - the subject of protection according to the invention, which is in particular in the form of protective clothing or in the form of protective equipment, with splinter, stab or cut protection, preferably with splinter protection, in particular for the military and / or civil area, according to the independent patent claim relating to the subject matter of protection; Further advantageous developments and refinements of this aspect of the invention are the subject matter of the corresponding subclaims relating to the subject matter of the invention.

Furthermore, the subject matter of the present invention - according to a third aspect of the present invention - is also the use of the sheet material according to the invention to provide or increase protection against splinters, punctures or cuts, preferably splinter protection, in the case of objects of protection, which are in particular in the form of protective clothing or Protective equipment is available, in accordance with the relevant independent use claim.

Finally, the subject matter of the present invention - according to a fourth aspect of the present invention - is the method for providing or increasing protection against splinters, punctures or cuts, preferably splinter protection, in the case of objects of protection, which are in particular in the form of protective clothing or protective equipment the related independent process claim.

It goes without saying that in the following description of the present invention, such configurations, embodiments, advantages, examples or the like, which in the following - for the purpose of avoiding unnecessary repetition - are only carried out for a single aspect of the invention, of course also with regard to the others Aspects of the invention apply accordingly without the need for an express mention.

Furthermore, with regard to the following description of the present invention, the characteristics of the present invention cited in connection with the special configurations, embodiments, advantages, examples or the like are also considered to be disclosed in their combination. Thus, in the present case, superordinate combinations of individual or multiple features which are listed for respective configurations, embodiments, application examples or the like are also considered to be disclosed. Furthermore, it goes without saying that in the case of the following statements of values, numbers and ranges, the relevant values, numbers and ranges are not to be understood as restrictive; it goes without saying for the person skilled in the art that it is possible to deviate from the specified ranges or information in individual cases or in relation to the application without departing from the scope of the present invention.

In addition, all of the values or parameters or the like mentioned below can in principle be determined or determined with standardized or standardized or explicitly stated determination methods or otherwise with determination or measurement methods that are known per se to the person skilled in the art. Unless otherwise stated, the underlying values or parameters are determined under standard conditions (i.e. in particular at a temperature of 20 ° C and / or at a pressure of 1,013.25 hPa or 1.01325 bar).

In addition, it should be noted that for all of the relative or percentage, in particular weight-related, quantitative information listed below, this information is to be selected or combined by the person skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention in such a way that the sum total - possibly including further components or Ingredients, in particular as defined below, always result in 100% or 100% by weight. However, this goes without saying for the expert.

For the purpose of illustrating the present invention, in the following description of the subject matter according to the invention, reference is also made to the reference symbols cited in the figures; the citing of the reference symbols in this regard is purely illustrative and does not entail any restriction of the subject matter according to the invention.

Having said that, the present invention is described in more detail below. The subject matter of the present invention is - according to a first aspect of the present invention - a textile sheet material (fabric) with splinter, stab and / or cut protection, preferably with splinter protection, in particular for use in protective clothing or protective equipment, preferably for military and / or or civilian sector, the textile surface material having or consisting of at least one yarn system forming the textile surface material, in particular multifilament yarn system, the yarn system consisting of or being formed from at least one UFIMW-PE multifilament yarn, the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn consisting of a A large number of at least essentially the same and / or at least essentially identical UHMW-PE individual filaments consists or is formed from them, the UHMW-PE individual filaments being connected to one another and / or combined with one another and / or to form the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn together e guided and / or combined, in particular twisted and / or twisted (twisted), are, preferably by twisting (twisting) the UHMW-PE individual filaments (4) with one another, and where the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn has a denier (fineness, yarn count) of at least 150 dtex.

The textile planar material according to the invention is in particular a planar and / or two-dimensional textile material. The textile material can in particular be used in or as protective clothing or in or as protective equipment or processed into protective clothing or protective equipment, in particular protective clothing or protective equipment for the military and / or civilian sector. In this regard, reference can also be made to the following explanations.

A central idea of the present invention is to be seen in particular in the formation or provision of a special textile sheet material (also referred to synonymously as sheet structure) on the basis of a yarn system using a very special yarn, with a UHMW-PE multifilament yarn (UHMW -PE = Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene) (synonymously also referred to as multifilament yarn) is used, which, in addition to a defined titer (also referred to synonymously as fineness or yarn fineness), has a large number of UHMW-PE individual filaments (also referred to synonymously as individual filaments), the individual filaments being connected to one another or combined or combined with one another to form the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn are brought together or combined, in particular twisted and / or twisted (synonymously also referred to as twisted), for example by twisting or twisting the UHMW-PE individual filaments (4) with one another.

In this context, the applicant has found, in a completely surprising manner, that, on the basis of the special measures according to the invention, a textile fabric is provided which, while at the same time providing improved splinter, stab or cut protection, preferably improved splinter protection, also has improved processing properties (such as improved Processing, for example into protective clothing or protective equipment) as well as improved application properties (such as improved wearing comfort in the case of use as protective clothing). In addition, the folding position of the textile sheet material as such is improved, especially since the special UFIMW-PE multifilament yarn has improved bending and flexibility properties, which is beneficial, for example, for the preferred design of the material as knitted fabric, as detailed below . Due to the high pliability or flexibility of the special multifilament yarn, the pliability or flexibility of the resulting textile sheet material according to the invention is also improved at the same time, which has positive effects on the wearing comfort in the case of use as protective clothing as well as the adaptability to objects or objects to be protected. Objects in the case of use as protective equipment. In addition, the use of a very special UFIMW-PE multifilament yarn leads to improved splinter, stab or cut protection, preferably improved splinter protection, of the resulting textile sheet material, since the special multifilament yarn itself has improved stability properties.

Without wishing to be limited to this theory, the improved properties of the textile sheet material, both in terms of stability and flexibility and the improved production and processing properties, are also largely due to the special UFIMW-PE multifilament yarn with its special design based on a large number of them UFIMW-PE- Individual filaments which are combined or twisted together in the multifilament yarn, for example by means of twisting, and which form the multifilament yarn as such.

According to the invention, the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn is formed or consists of individual UHMW-PE filaments which are combined to form the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn (single yarn) by twisting (twisting or twisting together).

The stability and flexibility properties of the resulting multifilament yarn are primarily improved by the fact that the UFIMW-PE individual filaments are, so to speak, twisted with each other as a result of being twisted or twisted in the multifilament yarn. This also increases the flexibility of the multifilament yarn itself, since the mobility of the individual filaments in the multifilament yarn is improved overall. In addition, the stability is increased, since the kinetic energy introduced can be better distributed and dissipated and, in addition, the twisted arrangement also provides a mutual reinforcement of the individual filaments.

The improved pliability or flexibility of the multifilament yarn due to the twisted arrangement of the individual filaments also leads to advantages with regard to the processing of the underlying multifilament yarn into the textile sheet material according to the invention, according to which the sheet material or the yarn system is preferably designed as a knitted fabric. Because in this regard, the situation is such that, in particular with regard to the underlying stitches, which represent a central element of a knitted fabric, high bends or small curve radii are required in relation to the multifilament yarn, which due to the high bendability or flexibility of the multifilament yarn used according to the invention in can be implemented in a correspondingly simplified or improved manner. In this context, for example, particularly small curve radii can be implemented when laying the yarn, which also leads to a high yarn density or to a high surface coverage of the flat textile material with the multifilament yarn, in turn associated with improved ballistic stability. In this context it is also completely surprising that the multifilament yarn used according to the invention retains the above-mentioned high pliability or flexibility even with relatively high titers or fineness (which lead to an additional improvement in the stability properties), so that even for relatively heavy yarns or yarns For yarns with a relatively large diameter, there are correspondingly good processing properties and improved product properties with regard to the resulting textile sheet material according to the invention.

In addition, according to the invention it behaves in particular in such a way that the textile sheet material according to the invention, in addition to providing excellent protection against splinters, stabs and / or cuts, preferably splinter protection, also has bullet and / or impact protection. Consequently, the textile planar material according to the invention also has a good protective function, for example against projectiles originating directly from firearms or the like, or against the effects of blunt weapons.

As stated above, within the scope of the present invention, a special multifilament yarn in the form of UFIMW-PE or individual filaments in the form of UHMW-PE is used to form a multifilament yarn. In this context, the applicant has also found, completely surprising, that the use of such a special material is also particularly suitable for the formation of the textile sheet material according to the invention that polyethylene with ultra-high molecular weight in the form of multifilament yarns has a very high tensile strength and a has high tensile strength, high breaking or bending strength and a very high modulus of elasticity. In addition, UHMW-PE is moisture and UV-resistant, which also means that the flat materials provided according to the invention have a high resistance to water (wash resistance), along with a high durability of the ballistic protective function, in particular also in direct sunlight, as mentioned above . Furthermore, as mentioned above, UHMW-PE has very good chemical resistance and excellent bacterial resistance. According to the invention, a flat material is provided overall which, in an expedient manner, in addition to efficient stab and cut protection, primarily also has a high level of splinter protection, in particular against splinters released by detonation or explosion, such as those in the form of the explosion of unconventional explosive devices are released or caused explosively by primary or secondary splinters.

The term "splinter protection" as used according to the invention is to be understood very broadly and relates in particular to the provision of a protective function against penetration or the penetration of ballistic bodies or projectiles released directly or indirectly by detonation or explosion, especially in the form of splinters, which are characterized in particular by small particles large and by an irregular shape and which are released explosively in the form of primary and / or secondary splinters during the detonation of unconventional explosive devices and with high speed or kinetic energy the one Hit people exposed to detonation. In a corresponding manner, the invention also behaves in such a way that the terms "stab protection" and "cut protection" are to be understood very broadly . Obtains cut weapons or pointed or sharp objects.

Furthermore, the term “twisting”, synonymously also referred to as “twisting”, or “twisted” or the like, as used in the context of the present invention, is to be understood very broadly. In particular, the term in question in the context of the present invention relates to the twisting of individual filaments to form the multifilament yarn used according to the invention, in particular so that the multifilament yarns used according to the invention are preferably in the form of twists, based on the individual filaments on which the multifilament yarn is based. According to the invention, the term “twisting” or “twisted” or the like is understood to be synonymous with the twisting together provided according to the invention or the twisting of individual filaments with one another to form the multifilament yarn used according to the invention. In the following, the present invention is explained in more detail on the basis of drawings or figure representations showing preferred exemplary embodiments or embodiments. In connection with the explanation of these preferred exemplary embodiments of the present invention, which, however, are in no way restrictive with regard to the present invention, further advantages, properties, aspects and features of the present invention are shown.

In the figure representations shows:

Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a structure of the textile sheet material according to the invention according to an embodiment of the invention, according to which the textile sheet material is designed as a knitted fabric, preferably as a knitted fabric or as a knitted fabric, the textile sheet material or the textile knitted fabric additionally with binding elements in the form is provided by floats;

1A shows an enlarged detail from FIG. 1 with a further illustrative representation of the UMFIW-PE multifilament yarn used according to the invention, according to which the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn is formed from UFIMW-PE individual filaments which are used to form the UFIMW-PE multifilament yarn are merged or twisted together;

1B shows another enlarged detail of the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn used according to the invention with the illustrative design of the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn based on UHMW-PE individual filaments;

Fig. 2 shows a further schematic representation of a structure of the textile sheet material according to the invention according to an embodiment of the invention, according to which the textile sheet material is designed as a knitted fabric, namely as a knitted fabric, the textile sheet material or the textile knitted fabric additionally with binding elements in the form of Wefts (weft threads) is provided; 2A shows an enlarged detail from FIG. 2 with a further illustrative representation of the UMFIW-PE multifilament yarn used according to the invention, according to which the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn is formed from UHMW-PE individual filaments which are used to form the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn are merged or twisted together;

2B shows a further enlarged detail of the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn used according to the invention with the illustrative design of the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn based on UHMW-PE individual filaments;

3 shows a scanning electron microscope enlargement of a textile planar material according to the invention in plan view, the planar material according to the invention being designed as a textile knitted fabric;

4 shows a light microscopic enlargement of the textile sheet material according to the invention in a top view, the textile sheet material also being designed as a knitted fabric.

The representations of the figures according to FIGS. 1, 1A, 1B, 2, 2A, 2B and 3 and 4 also clarify in particular the first aspect of the present invention according to the invention, according to which a flat textile material (flat structure) 1 with splinters, stabbing and / or cut protection, preferably with splinter protection, in particular for use in protective clothing or protective equipment, preferably for the military and / or civilian sector, is provided, the textile sheet material 1 having or consisting of at least one yarn system 2, in particular a multifilament yarn system, which forms the textile sheet material 1 , wherein the yarn system 2 consists of or is formed from at least one UFIMW-PE multifilament yarn 3, the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn 3 consisting of a plurality of at least essentially the same and / or at least essentially identical UHMW-PE individual filaments 4 consists or is formed from it, the UHMW-PE single filaments 4 to form the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn 3 connected with each other and / or combined with each other and / or brought together and / or combined, in particular twisted and / or twisted (twisted), are preferably by twisting (twisting together) the UHMW-PE individual filaments (4) with each other, and where the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn 3 has a titer (fineness, yarn fineness) of at least 150 dtex.

As stated above, a special textile sheet material is provided on the basis of the present invention, which in the application case can be used both in protective clothing to protect people in action and in protective equipment to protect objects such as military Equipment or military equipment that reduces or prevents penetration or the effects of splinters, which also applies to the effects of cutting and stabbing weapons and also to thrust weapons with regard to the persons or objects protected by the textile sheet material sustainably reduced or even prevented, which is ensured in particular by the special properties of the flat material according to the invention, as detailed below.

In this context, the textile planar material according to the invention is distinguished in particular by the fact that the underlying UFIMW-PE multifilament yarn consists of, or is formed from, a large number of specially designed and arranged UFIMW-PE individual filaments. Reference can be made in particular to FIGS. 1A and 1B or to FIGS. 2A and 2B with the respective enlarged detail from FIG. 1 or from FIG. 2 and, moreover, also to FIGS. 3 and 4 .

According to the invention, it also behaves in particular such that the textile sheet material or that the yarn system forming the sheet material is formed exclusively on the basis of the at least one UFIMW-PE multifilament yarn or consists of this, the multifilament yarn in turn being formed from UFIMW-PE individual filaments or . consists of. According to the invention, it is therefore provided in particular that the textile sheet material according to the invention as such and / or the yarn system forming the textile sheet material, in addition to the at least one UFIMW-PE multifilament yarn, at least essentially no multifilament yarn or yarn different therefrom. does not have a different yarn as such. In particular, with regard to the textile sheet material according to the invention, it also behaves in such a way that it does not have any yarns based on aramids (such as para-amides or meta-aramids) or the like. In this way, the material properties can be further improved. In particular, the textile material according to the invention has, in addition to the high stability due to the use of a special UHMW-PE multifilament yarn, also a high level of resistance, in particular to moisture and UV radiation. As a result, the protective function provided is guaranteed even over long periods of time.

According to the invention, it is particularly provided that UHMW-PE multifilament yarn 3 consists of at least 5 UHMW-PE single filaments 4, in particular at least 10 UHMW-PE single filaments 4, preferably at least 20 UHMW-PE single filaments 4, preferably at least 40 UHMW-PE Single filaments 4, particularly preferably at least 60 UHMW-PE single filaments 4, very particularly preferably at least 80 UHMW-PE single filaments 4, consists or is formed therefrom.

In this regard, it can be provided according to the invention in particular that the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn 3 consists of a maximum of 500 UHMW-PE individual filaments 4, in particular a maximum of 400 UHMW-PE individual filaments 4, preferably a maximum of 300 UHMW-PE individual filaments 4, preferably a maximum of 200 UHMW PE single filaments 4, particularly preferably at most 160 UHMW PE single filaments 4, very particularly preferably at most 120 UHMW PE single filaments 4, consists or is formed from them.

In particular, it behaves according to the invention in such a way that the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn 3 consists of 5 to 500 UHMW-PE individual filaments 4, in particular 10 to 400 UHMW-PE individual filaments 4, preferably 20 to 300 UHMW-PE individual filaments 4, preferably 40 consists of or is formed from up to 200 UHMW-PE individual filaments 4, particularly preferably 60 to 160 UHMW-PE individual filaments 4, very particularly preferably 80 to 120 UHMW-PE individual filaments 4. In particular, the defined number of individual filaments 4 leads to the formation of the multifilament yarn with a corresponding increase in stability, since the kinetic energy associated with the impact of, for example, splinters can be better absorbed and distributed.

In addition, the titer (also synonymous as fineness) of the UHMW-PE filaments 4 used according to the invention to form the multifilament yarn 3 is of great importance, with a view to providing high stability on the one hand and high flexibility or flexibility on the other of the resulting multifilament yarn 3, the following values or ranges have proven to be particularly advantageous:

According to the invention, it can be provided in particular that the UFIMW-PE individual filaments 4, in particular determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 2060 (ie DIN EN ISO 2060: 1995-04), each have a titer (fineness) of at least 0.2 dtex, in particular at least 0.5 dtex, preferably at least 0.8 dtex, preferably at least 1 dtex, particularly preferably at least 1.2 dtex, very particularly preferably at least 1.5 dtex.

In addition, it can be provided according to the invention that the UFIMW-PE individual filaments 4, in particular determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 2060, each have a titer (fineness) of at most 30 dtex, in particular at most 10 dtex, preferably at most 5 dtex, preferably at most 3 dtex, particularly preferably at most 2.8 dtex, very particularly preferably at most 2.5 dtex.

In particular, within the scope of the present invention, the UFIMW-PE individual filaments 4, in particular determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 2060, each have a titer (fineness) in the range from 0.2 dtex to 30 dtex, in particular in the range of 0.5 dtex to 10 dtex, preferably in the range from 0.8 dtex to 5 dtex, preferably in the range from 1 dtex to 3 dtex, particularly preferably in the range from 1.2 dtex to 2.8 dtex, very particularly preferably in the range from 1.5 dtex to 2.5 dtex.

In addition, it can also be provided within the scope of the present invention that the UFIMW-PE individual filaments 4 have at least essentially identical titers (finenesses) to one another. In this regard, a possible deviation of the respective titers (fineness) from one another can not exceed 10%, in particular at most 5%, preferably at most 3%, preferably at most 1%, based on the smaller value. In this context, the use of individual filaments 4 with at least essentially identical fineness to one another leads to the formation of a particularly homogeneous multifilament yarn 3, which also benefits the stability of the multifilament yarn 3 and thus also of the textile sheet material 1 according to the invention.

In addition, it can be provided within the scope of the present invention that the UFIMW-PE single filaments 4 each have a diameter of at least 7.5 gm, in particular at least 10 gm, preferably at least 12.5 gm, preferably at least 15 gm, particularly preferably at least 17.5 gm.

Likewise, it can be provided according to the invention that the UFIMW-PE single filaments 4 each have a diameter of at most 50 gm, in particular at most 45 gm, preferably at most 40 gm, preferably at most 30 gm, particularly preferably at most 22.5 gm.

In this context, the invention provides in particular that the UFIMW-PE individual filaments 4 each have a diameter in the range from 7.5 gm to 50 gm, in particular in the range from 10 gm to 45 gm, preferably in the range from 12.5 gm to 40 gm, preferably in the range from 15 gm to 30 gm, particularly preferably in the range from 17.5 gm to 22.5 gm.

In the context of the present invention, it has proven to be advantageous if the UFIMW-PE individual filaments 4 have at least essentially identical diameters to one another. In this regard, any deviation of the respective diameters from one another can amount to a maximum of 10%, in particular a maximum of 5%, preferably a maximum of 3%, preferably a maximum of 1%, based on the smaller value.

According to the invention, it can be provided in particular that the UFIMW-PE individual filaments 4 are at least essentially completely formed from or consist of UFIMW-PE. In particular, according to the invention it also behaves in such a way that the UFIMW-PE individual filaments 4 besides UFIMW-PE have at least essentially no further ingredients and / or components, in particular no adhesives or the like. According to the invention, it has proven to be advantageous if the UHMW-PE individual filaments 4 are each designed as continuous filaments. This leads to a further improvement in the stability of the multifilament yarn obtained therefrom, in particular also with regard to its maximum tensile strength or maximum tensile force elongation.

With regard to the arrangement of the UHMW-PE individual filaments 4 for forming the multifilament yarn 3, according to the invention it behaves in particular as set out below, with reference to the illustrative representation according to FIGS. 1A and 1B or FIGS Fig. 2B as well as further also to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 can be referred to:

According to the invention, the UHMW-PE individual filaments 4 are twisted (twisted) and / or twisted together and / or twisted together (with respect to one another), preferably twisted together and / or twisted together (with respect to one another) to form the multifilament yarn 3. In particular, it can behave according to the invention in such a way that the UHMW-PE individual filaments 4 are twisted and / or twisted together and / or twisted together (with respect to one another), preferably twisted together and / or twisted together (with respect to one another), to form the multifilament yarn 3, are arranged.

In general, according to the invention, it can behave in particular in such a way that the respective UHMW-PE individual filaments 4 are at least essentially not twisted in themselves or that an individual UHMW-PE individual filament 4 is at least essentially not twisted in itself. It also follows from this that there is no excessive tension in the respective individual filaments themselves, which is beneficial to the stability and flexibility overall.

As far as the formation of the multifilament yarn 3 is concerned on the basis of the special number, type and / or arrangement of the UHMW-PE individual filaments 4, the measures according to the invention also lead to a further increase in the ballistic stability of the resulting multifilament yarn 3 Filaments, the defined fineness, the defined diameter, the special arrangement of the filaments on the basis of the targeted and purposeful twisting together and / or the uniform design of the individual filaments 4 to improve the ballistic stability, in particular - without wishing to be limited to this theory - incident kinetic Energy (as it is introduced, for example, by the impact of splinters or the like) can be absorbed and dissipated to an improved extent. At the same time, a high degree of flexibility or flexibility of the multifilament yarn 3 is guaranteed. Consequently, the multifilament yarn used according to the invention combines the diametrical properties of high stability on the one hand and high flexibility on the other hand in one and the same material, which is also reflected in the sheet material 1 according to the invention based thereon, as stated above.

According to the invention it is provided in particular that the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn 3 is twisted or twisted. In this context, the UFIMW-PE multifilament yarn 3 can be twisted and / or twisted in the Z direction or in the S direction, preferably in the Z direction.

In general, it can be provided within the scope of the present invention that the multifilament yarn 3 in the Z direction or in the S direction, preferably in the Z direction, in particular determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 2061 (ie DIN EN ISO 2061: 2015-12) , a yarn and / or thread twist, in particular yarn twist, of at least 60 T / m (turns per meter), in particular at least 65 T / m, preferably at least 70 T / m, preferably at least 75 T / m. In this regard, the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn 3 in the Z direction or in the S direction, preferably in the Z direction, in particular determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 2061, can have a yarn and / or thread twist, in particular a yarn twist, of at most 140 T / m (Turns per meter), in particular at most 120 T / m, preferably at most 100 T / m, preferably at most 90 T / m.

Thus, within the scope of the present invention, it behaves in particular such that the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn 3 in the Z direction or in the S direction, preferably in the Z direction, in particular determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 2061, a yarn and / or Thread twist, in particular yarn twist, in the range from 60 T / m to 140 T / m (twists per meter), in particular in the range from 65 T / m to 120 T / m, preferably in the range from 70 T / m to 100 T / m , preferably in the range from 75 T / m to 90 T / m. The aforementioned values relate in particular to the rotation of the individual filaments 4 with respect to one another or in their entirety in the multifilament yarn 3.

In this regard, the applicant has found, in a completely surprising manner, that the previously cited values for the twist of the multifilament yarn 3 lead to a further optimization of the ballistic stability and thus the ballistic protective properties. In this context, the special twist (which occurs as a result of the twisting) leads to particularly good stability properties, since on this basis as well - without wishing to be limited to this theory - an improved distribution of the kinetic energy introduced within the multifilament yarn by the opening of, for example, splinters 3 is guaranteed. In addition, this also further improves the flexibility or flexibility.

Consequently, the targeted setting of the twisting or the twisting together of the individual filaments on the basis of the aforementioned values leads to a further optimization also with regard to the flexibility or pliability of the resulting textile sheet material 1 according to the invention. This also improves the processing properties.

In addition, the fineness of the multifilament yarn 3 used according to the invention is of correspondingly great importance:

It can be provided according to the invention that the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn 3 has a titer (fineness, yarn fineness), in particular determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 2060 (ie DIN EN ISO 2060: 1995-04), of at least 155 dtex, in particular at least 160 dtex, preferably at least 180 dtex, preferably at least 190 dtex, particularly preferably at least 195 dtex.

In this context, it can also be provided according to the invention that the UFIMW-PE multifilament yarn 3 has a titer (fineness, yarn fineness), in particular determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 2060, of at most 450 dtex, in particular at most 400 dtex, preferably at most 350 dtex, preferably at most 300 dtex, particularly preferably at most 260 dtex. In summary, the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn 3 has a titer (fineness, yarn fineness), in particular determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 2060, in the range from 155 dtex to 450 dtex, in particular in the range from 160 dtex to 400 dtex, preferably in the range from 180 dtex to 350 dtex, preferably in the range from 190 dtex to 300 dtex, particularly preferably in the range from 195 dtex to 275 dtex, very particularly preferably in the range from 195 dtex to 260 dtex.

As stated above, the aforementioned (yarn) fineness of the multifilament yarn 3 is associated with a particularly high ballistic stability, with a high flexibility or pliability of the multifilament yarn 3 being ensured at the same time.

In the context of the present invention, the UFIMW-PE multifilament yarn 3 can also have a diameter of at least 30 gm, in particular at least 60 gm, preferably at least 90 gm, preferably at least 120 gm, particularly preferably at least 125 gm.

In this context, the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn 3 can have a diameter of at most 750 gm, in particular at most 500 gm, preferably at most 400 gm, preferably at most 300 gm, particularly preferably at most 200 gm.

Consequently, it can be provided according to the invention that the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn 3 has a diameter in the range from 30 gm to 750 gm, in particular in the range from 60 gm to 500 gm, preferably in the range from 90 gm to 400 gm, preferably in the range of 120 gm to 300 gm, particularly preferably in the range from 125 gm to 200 gm.

In general, the diameter of the multifilament yarn 3 and also of the individual filaments 4 can be determined using methods known per se to the person skilled in the art, for example based on optical or light microscopic or electron microscopic methods.

In general, the multifilament yarn 3 used according to the invention is also distinguished by the following properties: The UHMW-PE multifilament yarn 3 can have a fineness-related maximum tensile force, in particular determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 2062 (ie DIN EN ISO 2062: 2009-12), of at least 50 cN / tex, in particular at least 100 cN / tex, preferably at least 150 cN / tex, preferably at least 200 cN / tex, particularly preferably at least 300 cN / tex.

In this regard, the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn 3 can have a fineness-related maximum tensile strength, in particular determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 2062, of at most 750 cN / tex, in particular at most 600 cN / tex, preferably at most 500 cN / tex, preferably at most 450 cN / tex, particularly preferably at most 400 cN / tex.

In general, it can thus be provided according to the invention that the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn 3 has a fineness-related maximum tensile strength, in particular determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 2062, in the range of 50 cN / tex to 750 cN / tex, in particular in the range of 100 cN / tex up to 600 cN / tex, preferably in the range from 150 cN / tex to 500 cN / tex, preferably in the range from 200 cN / tex to 450 cN / tex, particularly preferably in the range from 300 cN / tex to 400 cN / tex .

Likewise, it can be provided according to the invention that the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn 3 has a maximum tensile elongation, in particular determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 2062 (ie DIN EN ISO 2062: 2009-12), of at least 1%, in particular at least 1.5%, preferably at least 2%, preferably at least 3%, particularly preferably at least 3.25%.

In addition, the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn 3 can have a maximum tensile strength elongation, in particular determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 2062, of at most 9%, in particular at most 7%, preferably at most 5%, preferably at most 4%, particularly preferably at most 3.75%.

According to the invention, the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn 3 can thus in particular have a maximum tensile elongation, in particular determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 2062, in the range from 1% to 9%, in particular in the range from 1.5% to 7%, preferably in the range from 2% to 5%, preferably in the range from 3% to 4%, particularly preferably in the range from 3.25% to 3.75%. Furthermore, within the scope of the present invention it can behave in such a way that the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn 3 has a modulus of elasticity in the range from 55 N / tex to 295 N / tex, in particular 80 N / tex to 245 N / tex, preferably 110 N / tex up to 190 N / tex.

In particular, the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn 3 can have a density in the range from 825 kg / m ³ to 1,175 kg / m ³ , in particular 850 kg / m ³ to 1,150 kg / m ³ , preferably 900 kg / m ³ to 1,100 kg / m 3 ³ , preferably 925 kg / m ³ to 1,000 kg / m ³ , particularly preferably 975 kg / m ³ to 995 kg / m ³ .

Likewise, the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn 3 can have a crystallinity in the range from 75% to 95%, in particular 77.5% to 92.5%, preferably 80% to 90%, preferably 82.5% to 85%. The crystallinity values relate in particular to the underlying polyethylene with ultra-high molecular weight (UHMW-PE).

According to the invention, it is particularly provided that the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn 3 has no other components or constituents, in particular other than UHMW-PE, in addition to the UHMW-PE components, in particular in addition to the UHMW-PE individual filaments. According to the invention, the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn 3 contains UHMW-PE in an amount of 100% by weight, based on the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn 3, and thus consists of UHMW-PE in particular on the basis of the UHMW-PE individual filaments 4 used according to the invention.

In general, in the context of the present invention, with regard to the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn 3, commercially available products can be used. In particular, corresponding products can be used which are available under the name Dyneema ^® , such as Dyneema ^® SK75 (220 dtex) or Dyneema ^® BK75 (220 dtex).

As far as the sheet material 1 or the yarn system 2 is concerned, it can be provided according to the invention that, as shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 as well as FIGS. 3 and 4, the sheet material 1 or the yarn system 2, in particular the flat material 1 is designed in the form of a textile knitted fabric or is present as a textile knitted fabric. In this context, the sheet material 1 or the yarn system 2, in particular the Flat material 1, a multiplicity of meshes 5 on the one hand and optionally at least one binding element 6 different therefrom on the other hand.

Consequently, according to the invention, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it behaves in particular in such a way that the flat material 1 or the yarn system 2 is present as a textile knitted fabric, based on a plurality of stitches 5 as the basic element forming the knitted fabric. In the context of a further embodiment according to the invention, it can be provided that the flat material 1 or the related yarn system 2 in the form of a textile knitted fabric is additionally equipped with binding elements 6 different therefrom (ie from the stitches 5), as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG Figure 2 illustrates.

In general, the targeted design of the textile sheet material 1 or the yarn system 2 as a textile knitted fabric is associated with the central advantage that an elastic, stretchable, pliable and flexible sheet material is provided overall, which in the case of use as protective clothing increases the wearing comfort Accuracy of fit improved, with excellent wear-physiological properties being provided in this regard. In addition, the specific design as a knitted fabric with regard to the use of the carrier material 1 according to the invention as protective equipment leads to a particularly good adaptation to objects or objects to be protected. In this context, the above-mentioned positive properties, which are associated with the design as a knitted fabric, are further improved by the targeted design of the multifilament yarn 3, in particular on the basis of a large number of defined individual filaments 4. The structure of the sheet material 1 or the yarn system 2 in the form of a textile knitted fabric is also associated with the advantage that the resulting sheet material 1 according to the invention can be compressed and folded, for example, without damaging the material structure, the material being in its original shape after relief is able to take it again in a corresponding manner. This also maintains the durability of the sheet material 1 according to the invention as a whole and the associated level of protection. According to the invention, it behaves overall in such a way that the underlying mesh structure of the planar material 1 according to the invention or of the yarn system 2 further supports or improves the ballistic properties and thus the protective function provided according to the invention, in particular due to the formation of a solid (mesh) composite .

In this context, it has proven to be advantageous according to the invention if the sheet material 1 and / or the yarn system 2, in particular the sheet material 1, in the form of a knitted fabric and / or a knitted fabric, in particular a warp knitted fabric and / or a weft knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a Knitted fabric, is or is present or if the sheet material 1 and / or the yarn system 2 is present as a knitted fabric (knitted fabric) and / or knitted fabric (knitted fabric), in particular as a warp knitted fabric and / or as a weft knitted fabric, preferably as a knitted fabric.

According to the invention, it has proven to be particularly advantageous if the sheet material 1 or the yarn system 2, in particular the sheet material 1, is designed in the form of a knitted fabric or is present as a knitted fabric.

In particular, the textile knitted fabric, in particular in the form of a knitted fabric, can have a foundation selected from the group of fringe, tricot, cloth, satin, velvet and atlas.

Equally, it can be provided according to the invention that the textile knitted fabric, in particular in the form of a knitted fabric, has a RIGHT / LEFT (RL), RIGHT / RIGHT (RR) or LEFT / LEFT (LL) stitch weave, preferably a RIGHT / RIGHT ( RR) stitch weave.

In general, the textile knitted fabric, in particular in the form of a knitted fabric in the form of a jersey and / or interlock knitted fabric, in particular interlock knitted fabric, and / or preferably in the form of a jersey and / or interlock knitted fabric, preferably interlock knitted fabric, be trained. In addition, the knitted fabric, in particular in the form of a knitted fabric, can have at least one rib structure. In particular, the textile knitted fabric, in particular in the form of a knitted fabric, can have rib-shaped elevations, preferably longitudinal ribs. It can be provided in particular that the rib-shaped elevations, in particular the longitudinal ribs, run and / or are arranged at least substantially in a straight line or parallel to one another.

The formation of the rib-shaped elevations can take place in particular within the framework of the production of the flat textile material 1 on the basis of a special meshing. The corresponding production processes are well known to the person skilled in the art, so that no further explanations are required in this regard.

In the context of the present invention it can also be provided that the textile knitted fabric, in particular in the form of a knitted fabric, is designed as an interlock knitted fabric with needle pull, for example as a 1: 1 rib or 2: 1 cylinder, or on this Base is established.

As shown schematically in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, it can be provided according to the invention with regard to the formation of the sheet material 1 or the yarn system 2 within the scope of the present invention that the knitted fabric additionally has at least one binding element 6 different from the loop 5 having. In this regard, the binding element 6 can be selected from the group of flanks, floats (floats), weft, partial wefts and standing threads, preferably flanks and floats (floats). 1 shows schematically the formation of binding elements 6 in the form of floats. In addition, FIG. 2 shows schematically the formation of binding elements 6 in the form of wefts.

In general, it can be provided according to the invention that the binding element 6 is or is in the form of a flap and / or a float (float). The binding element 6 is particularly preferably in the form of a float.

It is possible within the scope of the present invention that the binding element 6 is formed from the UFIMW-PE multifilament yarn 3 and / or a separate and / or further UFIMW-PE multifilament yarn different from the UFIMW-PE multifilament yarn 3. Through the use of special binding elements 6 - as the applicant has found in a completely surprising manner - the mechanical or ballistic stability or integrity of the sheet material 1 is further improved.

According to the invention, it is advantageous if the flat material 1, in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, has a weight per unit area, in particular determined in accordance with DIN EN 12 127: 1997, of at least 80 g / m ² , in particular at least 100 g / m ² , preferably at least 150 g / m ² , preferably at least 200 g / m ² , particularly preferably at least 220 g / m ² .

In particular, the flat material 1, in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, can have a weight per unit area, in particular determined in accordance with DIN EN 12 127: 1997, of at most 1,000 g / m ² , in particular at most 750 g / m ² , preferably at most 500 g / m ² , preferably at most 350 g / m ² , particularly preferably at most 305 g / m ² .

Consequently, the flat material 1, in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, can have a weight per unit area, in particular determined according to DIN EN 12 127: 1997, in the range from 80 g / m ² to 1,000 g / m ² , in particular in the range from 100 g / m ² to 750 g / m ² , preferably in the range from 150 g / m ² to 500 g / m ² , preferably in the range from 200 g / m ² to 350 g / m ² , particularly preferably in the range of 220 g / m ² to 305 g / m ² .

By setting or specifying a special basis weight, as explained above, the protective function is further optimized, in particular against penetration or the effects of splinters, while at the same time a high degree of flexibility or pliability of the sheet material is ensured, which in particular increases the wearing comfort of the Use as protective clothing and adaptability to objects or objects to be protected in the case of use as protective equipment. A further increase in stability can also be achieved within the scope of the present invention in that the sheet material 1 has a special thickness. In the context of the present invention, it is provided in particular that the sheet material 1, in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, has a thickness in the range from 0.1 mm to 50 mm, in particular 0.2 mm to 25 mm , preferably 0.3 mm to 15 mm, preferably 0.4 mm to 10 mm, particularly preferably 0.5 mm to 5 mm, very particularly preferably 0.6 mm to 2.5 mm.

In the context of the present invention, the setting of a special density of wales or rows of stitches in the flat material 1 is also of great importance:

According to the invention, it has proven to be advantageous if the flat material 1, in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, has a number and / or density of wales (wales / cm) in the range from 2 to 25 wales / cm, in particular in the range from 4 to 20 wales / cm, preferably in the range from 5 to 17 wales / cm, preferably in the range from 6 to 15 wales / cm.

In addition, the planar material 1, in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, can have a number and / or density of courses (courses / cm) in the range from 2 to 40 courses / cm, in particular in the range from 5 to 30 courses / cm, preferably in the range from 8 to 25, preferably in the range from 10 to 23 courses / cm.

By setting special densities with regard to the wales and the courses of the textile sheet material 1 according to the invention, the surface coverage of the material as a whole with the multifilament yarn 3 is further improved, which also leads to a further improvement in ballistic stability.

In addition, the planar material 1 according to the invention is also characterized in particular by the following properties: The planar material 1 according to the invention, in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, can have a total extensibility (total elongation), in particular determined in accordance with DIN 53835-14 (ie DIN 53835-14: 1992-11) and / or in particular determined in 20 N, in the longitudinal and / or transverse direction, independently of one another, of at least

2%, in particular at least 5%, preferably at least 7%, preferably at least 10%, in particular based on the unstretched state of the sheet material 1. In addition, the flat material 1, in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, can have a total extensibility (total elongation), in particular determined in accordance with DIN 53835-14 and / or in particular determined at 20 N, in the longitudinal and / or transverse direction, independently from one another, of at most 50%, in particular at most 40%, preferably at most 35%, preferably at most 30%, in particular based on the unstretched state of the sheet material 1.

In particular, the flat material 1, in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, can have a total extensibility (total elongation), in particular determined in accordance with DIN 53835-14 and / or in particular determined at 20 N, in the longitudinal and / or transverse direction, independently from one another, in the range from 2% to 50%, in particular in the range from 5% to 40%, preferably in the range from 7% to 35%, preferably in the range from 10% to 30%, in particular based on the unstretched state of the sheet material 1 , exhibit.

In addition, it can be provided that the flat material 1, in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, a total extensibility (total elongation), in particular determined in accordance with DIN 53835-14 and / or in particular determined at 20 N, in the longitudinal direction of at least 1%, in particular at least 1.5%, preferably at least 2%, in particular based on the unstretched state of the sheet material 1. Furthermore, it can be provided that the flat material 1, in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, a total extensibility (total elongation), in particular determined in accordance with DIN 53835-14 and / or in particular determined at 20 N, in the longitudinal direction of at most 10%, in particular at most 7%, preferably at most 5%, in particular based on the unstretched state of the sheet material 1.

In particular, it can be provided that the flat material 1, in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, a total extensibility (total elongation), in particular determined in accordance with DIN 53835-14 and / or in particular determined at 20 N, in the longitudinal direction in the range from 1% to 10%, in particular in the range from 1.5% to 7%, preferably in the range from 2% to 5%, in particular based on the unstretched state of the sheet material 1.

In addition, it can also be provided that the flat material 1, in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, a total extensibility (total elongation), in particular determined according to DIN 53835-14 and / or in particular determined at 20 N, in the transverse direction of at least 5%, in particular at least 10%, preferably at least 15%, in particular based on the unstretched state of the sheet material 1.

Likewise, it can be provided that the flat material 1, in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, a total extensibility (total elongation), in particular determined according to DIN 53835-14 and / or in particular determined at 20 N, in the transverse direction of at most 50%, in particular at most 40%, preferably at most 35%, in particular based on the unstretched state of the sheet material 1.

According to the invention, it can also be provided that the flat material 1, in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, a total extensibility (total elongation), in particular determined in accordance with DIN 53835-14 and / or in particular determined at 20 N, in the transverse direction in Range from 5% to 50%, in particular in the range from 10% to 40%, preferably in the range from 15% to 35%, in particular based on the unstretched state of the sheet material 1. As stated above, the sheet material according to the invention has excellent protective properties with regard to the provision of a corresponding protection against splinters, punctures and / or cuts, preferably splinter protection. Against this background, the sheet material 1 according to the invention has in particular excellent ballistic protection values, as stated below:

In the context of the present invention, for example, the flat material 1, in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, has a splinter and / or ballistic protection value V50, determined in accordance with STANAG 2920, of at least 185 m / s , in particular at least 200 m / s, preferably at least 230 m / s, preferably at least 275 m / s, particularly preferably at least 305 m / s, very particularly preferably at least 320 m / s, more preferably at least 325 m / s, even more preferred at least 330 m / s.

In this context, according to the invention, it is also such that the flat material 1, in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, has a splinter and / or ballistic protection value V50, determined in accordance with STANAG 2920, in a range of 185 m / s up to 900 m / s, in particular in a range from 200 m / s to 800 m / s, preferably in a range from 230 m / s to 700 m / s, preferably in a range from 275 m / s to 650 m / s , particularly preferably in a range from 305 m / s to 600 m / s, very particularly preferably in a range from 320 m / s to 575 m / s, more preferably in a range from 325 m / s to 550 m / s, even more preferably 330 m / s to 530 m / s.

The fragment and / or ballistic protection values V50 specified according to the invention, determined in accordance with STANAG 2920, relate in particular to a determination using projectiles in the form of RCCs with a projectile weight of 0.13 g or 2 grain (2 grain RCC) (with RCC = Right Circular Cylinder). The ballistic protection values V50 listed in accordance with STANAG 2920 are determined in particular at a temperature of (20 ± 2) ° C and in particular at a relative humidity of (65 ± 4)%, in particular with a surface weight of the sheet material 1 of 240 g / m ² . In this context, the high protective properties of the protective clothing unit according to the invention are ensured by the V 50 value specified according to the invention according to STANAG 2920 of at least 185 m / s. This value is achieved even with a single-layer design of the flat material 1 or with the single-layer flat material 1 as such, thus based on one layer.

The Vso value relates in particular to the speed (m / s) at which, using a defined projectile and selected (test) material, a probability of a perforation or penetration of the material caused by the projectile of 0.5 (with 1 equals maximum probability) or 50%. For further information, reference can be made to the corresponding standard in accordance with STANAG 2920.

According to the invention, there is thus overall high ballistic splinter protection, so that on this basis, in particular with regard to unconventional explosive devices, increased protection against splinters is provided (both with regard to primary and secondary splinters).

Due to the excellent splinter protection properties, the risk of injury to a wearer in this regard is reduced in the case of use as protective clothing, also with regard to a confrontation with an explosion of unconventional explosive devices. In particular, on the basis of the concept according to the invention, effective protection of physiologically relevant body sections, in particular also with regard to the arterial or venous system, can be guaranteed. In addition, there is a correspondingly high protective function in the event that the planar material 1 according to the invention is used as protective equipment in relation to objects, objects or equipment to be protected, such as military equipment or the like.

According to an embodiment preferred according to the invention, the planar material 1 according to the invention, in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, can be provided with a hydrophilic finish or have been subjected to flydrophilization. In this context, the use of at least one hydrophilizing agent comes into consideration in particular. According to the invention, it can thus be provided that the flat material 1, in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, is treated or equipped or acted upon with at least one flydrophilizing agent.

In this context, the flydrophilization and / or the treatment and / or equipment and / or application of the flydrophilization agent for the purposes of (i) improving and / or increasing moisture absorption and / or moisture transport and / or (ii) improving and / or the reduction of the static charge and / or the improvement and / or increase in the discharge of static charge, in particular due to friction, and / or (iii) the improvement and / or the reduction in the contamination and / or soiling and / or (iv) the improvement and / or increase in the removal of dirt, in particular when washing and / or cleaning, have been carried out.

Due to the special flydrophilization, for example, the wearing comfort can be improved in the case of use as protective clothing, since moisture originating from a wearer can be better absorbed or removed. In addition, the prevention or reduction of (electrostatic) static charging is of great importance, also with regard to the protection of electronic devices, for example, which are operated by a wearer of the underlying protective clothing or which, in the case of use as protective equipment, the sheet material protected or covered. On the basis of the targeted and purposeful flydrophilization, the material properties of the planar material 1 according to the invention can thus be further adjusted or also specially adjusted or tailored before the respective application or intended use. In addition, flydrophilization leads to better washing behavior, in particular higher washing resistance, so that the ballistic stability of the material is maintained over longer periods of time, especially in synergistic interaction with the use of special multifilament yarns 3 based on UFIMW-PE can. In general, the hydrophilicizing agent can be selected from hydrophilicizing agents which (i) improve and / or increase moisture absorption and / or moisture transport and / or (ii) improve and / or reduce static charge and / or improve and / or an increase in the dissipation of static charges, in particular due to friction, and / or (iii) an improvement and / or a reduction in dirt and / or soiling and / or (iv) an improvement and / or increase in the removal of dirt, in particular when washing and / or cleaning, in particular in relation to the flat material 1.

According to the invention, it can be provided in particular that the sheet material 1, in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, in particular as a result of the flydrophilization and / or the treatment and / or finishing and / or exposure to the hydrophilizing agent and / or in particular in Compared to a corresponding sheet material without hydrophilization and / or without treatment and / or without finishing and / or without application of the hydrophilizing agent, (i) improved and / or increased moisture absorption and / or improved and / or increased moisture transport and / or ( ii) a reduced static charge and / or an improved and / or increased dissipation of static charge resulting in particular from friction and / or (iii) a reduced build-up and / or soiling and / or (iv) an improved and / or increased removal of dirt , in particular when washing and / or cleaning.

In particular, the hydrophilizing agent can be selected from the group of (i) polymers based on at least one unsaturated carboxylic acid, in particular polymers based on at least one unsaturated C3-C6 carboxylic acid, preferably polyacrylic acid, (ii) copolymers of acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid and comonomers, in particular alkyl acrylates and / or methacrylates, (iii) alkoxylation products, in particular ethoxylation products (ethoxylation products), of polymers and / or of alkylphenol derivatives, in particular of polymers, (iv) modified fluoropolymers, in particular in the form of block (co) polymers with hydrophilic sections and / or areas on the one hand and with hydrophobic sections and / or areas on the other hand, preferably with hydrophilic blocks and hydrophobic blocks, and (v) mixtures or combinations thereof. Of the A person skilled in the art is able at any time to select and use the special hydrophilicizing agents against the background of the development of special properties. For example, hydrophilicizing agents in the form of acrylic acid-n-butyl acrylate copolymers or poly [N-methylperfluoro-octanyl-sulfonamido-ethyl-acrylate] can be used.

In general, within the scope of the present invention, the hydrophilization or treatment or treatment or application of the hydrophilizing agent by attachment and / or application and / or generation of hydrophilic chemical groups and / or a hydrophilic coating ( Film), in particular on the surface of the sheet material 1 and / or the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn 3 and / or the UHMW-PE individual filaments 4. The aforementioned hydrophilicizing agents can be used for this purpose. In general, the hydrophilization can thus be carried out on the finished material in the form of the textile sheet material 1 according to the invention, for example before any further processing or any cutting, for example for or for protective clothing or protective equipment. In addition, the hydrophilization or treatment or treatment or application of the hydrophilizing agent can in principle also be carried out on the resulting protective clothing or protective equipment as such.

For further details on hydrophilization, reference can be made to Rouette, Lexikon für Textilveredelung, Volume 1, 1995, Laumann-Verlag, Dülmen, pages 859-862, keyword: "Hydrophilization" and "Hydrophilicity of textiles".

In this context, the hydrophilicity of the planar material 1 according to the invention can thus be set or tailored in a targeted or targeted manner. In the context of the present invention, for example, it can behave in such a way that the flat material 1, in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, has a hydrophilicity, determined according to the TEGEWA test, of a maximum of 5 seconds, in particular a maximum of 4 seconds, preferably at most 3 seconds, preferably at most 2 seconds, particularly preferably at most 1 second. The planar material 1 according to the invention can thus have overall hydrophilic properties. The TEGEWA test is used to determine the wettability of the underlying material; thereby will In particular, the procedure is such that a corresponding test solution is dripped onto the material to be tested and the penetration or sinking behavior of the applied drop is determined. The determined sinking time is a measure of the wettability of the material.

As mentioned above, the planar material 1 according to the invention has, in addition to excellent splinter protection, also correspondingly good stab and cut protection properties: Thus, according to the invention, the planar material 1, in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, has a cut - and / or puncture resistance, in particular in accordance with DIN EN 388 (i.e. DIN EN 388: 2019-03) (Section 6.3) and / or in accordance with EN ISO 13997, of at least 1 Newton, in particular at least 2 Newton, preferably at least 2.5 Newton, preferably at least 2.9 Newtons.

Furthermore, the planar material 1 according to the invention, in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, can have a tear strength, in particular in accordance with DIN EN 388, of at least 11 Newtons, in particular at least 13 Newtons, preferably at least 15 Newtons.

In addition, the textile planar material 1 according to the invention can also have the following properties:

In particular, the flat material 1, in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, in particular determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 12947-2 (ie DIN EN ISO 12947-2: 2017-03) and / or in particular determined at 12 kPa , have an abrasion resistance of at least 100,000 tours, in particular at least 125,000 tours, preferably at least 150,000 tours.

In addition, the flat material 1, in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, in particular determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 12947-2 and / or in particular determined at 12 kPa, can have an abrasion resistance of at most 1,000,000 cycles, in particular at most 800,000 Tours, preferably a maximum of 500,000 tours. - Finally, the flat material 1, in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, in particular determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 12947-2 and / or in particular determined at 12 kPa, can have an abrasion resistance in the range of 100,000 tours to 1,000,000 tours , in particular in the range from 125,000 tours to 800,000 tours, preferably in the range from 150,000 tours to 500,000 tours.

Furthermore, the planar material 1 according to the invention, in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, can be gas-permeable, preferably air-permeable. As a result, for example, the wearing comfort is increased in the case of use as protective clothing. In addition, in the case of use as protective equipment, for example, the formation of condensate or the like is avoided or reduced, so that devices or objects to be protected are not unnecessarily exposed to excessive moisture.

In this context, the sheet material 1, in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, a gas permeability, preferably air permeability, in particular determined according to DIN EN ISO 9237 (ie DIN EN ISO 9237: 1995-12) and / or in particular determined at 100 Pa, of at least 100 l / m ² -s, in particular at least 300 l / m ² -s, preferably at least 500 l / m ² -s, preferably at least 800 l / m ² -s, particularly preferably at least 1,000 l / m ² -s, very particularly preferably at least 1,100 l / m ² -s.

In particular, the flat material 1, in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, can have a gas permeability, preferably air permeability, in particular determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 9237 and / or in particular determined at 100 Pa, in the range of 100 l / m ² s up to 5,000 l / m ² s, in particular in the range from 300 l / m ² s to 4,000 l / m ² s, preferably in the range from 500 l / m ² s to 3,500 l / m ² s, preferably in the range from 800 l / m ² -s to 3,000 l / m ² -s, particularly preferably in the range from 1,000 l / m ² -s to 2,500 l / m ² -s, very particularly preferably in the range from 1,100 l / m ² - s to 2,000 l / m ² -s. In addition, it can be provided according to the invention that the flat material 1, in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, is designed to be water vapor permeable.

In particular, the flat material 1, in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, can have a water vapor transmission resistance Ret under stationary conditions, in particular determined in accordance with ISO 11092, of at most 18 (m ² -Pascals) / watt, in particular at most 14 (m ² Pascals) / watt, preferably at most

9 (m ² -Pascals) / watt, particularly preferably at most 4 (m ² -Pascals) / watt.

This ensures a particularly high level of comfort, as body sweat can be effectively transported away.

The water vapor _{transmission resistance R et} can be measured in particular according to DIN EN 31 092: 1993 or according to the international standard ISO 11092 of February 1994 ("Textiles - physiological effects, measurement of heat and water vapor transmission resistance under stationary conditions (sweating guarded-hotplate test)") become.

Finally, the flat material 1, in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, after washing treatment can have a dimensional change in the longitudinal and / or transverse direction, independently of one another, of at most 15%, in particular at most 12%, preferably at most

10%, preferably at most 8%, in particular based on the untreated state of the flat material 1.

In this context, the relevant properties can be determined in particular in accordance with DIN EN ISO 5077: 2008. In particular, a washing treatment, in particular according to DIN EN ISO 6330: 2013, washing method 6N, washing machine type A1, in particular using soft water and in particular about 20 g ECE detergent (without bleach and without perborate), drying method A, can be carried out in this regard. In the context of the present invention it can be provided that the flat material 1, in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, is combined and / or brought together, in particular connected, with at least one, in particular, flat textile material.

In this context, the flat textile material can have different functional properties than the flat material 1. For example, the flat textile material can have a further elasticity, in particular in which case it can be used in protective clothing, for example, the textile material in the wearing state being positioned at points that are associated with high body movement, such as joints or the like.

According to the invention it can be provided that the flat material 1, in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, and the textile material are arranged in a common plane or form a common plane or form a preferably closed plane. In this context, the flat material 1 can thus form a common base plane or base area with the flat textile material, for example with regard to the presence of protective clothing or protective equipment.

In general, the flat material 1, in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, and the textile material can be connected to one another at the edge, preferably by means of sewing and / or knitting, welding, gluing or the like, preferably by means of sewing and / or knitting . In this regard, there can also be an arrangement that overlaps at the edge with the relevant fastening or connection.

In this regard, too, according to the invention, in particular, no zip fasteners and no wrapping or the like are used for the underlying connection according to a preferred embodiment (so that the formation of secondary splinters from such materials is prevented). According to a further embodiment according to the invention, it can also be provided that the flat material 1, in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, and the textile material are arranged in different planes or on top of or on top of one another. For example, it can be provided that, in the case of protective clothing, the flat material 1 is assigned to the wearer in the worn state, while the textile material in the worn state is arranged on the side of the flat material 1 facing away from the wearer. In this context it can be provided, for example, that the textile material is provided with a camouflage or camouflage.

According to this embodiment, it can be provided that the flat material 1, in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, and the textile material are loosely arranged towards or on top of one another. In contrast, it can also be provided that the flat material 1 and the textile material are connected to one another, preferably are connected to one another at the edge, preferably by means of sewing and / or knitting, welding, gluing or the like, preferably by means of sewing and / or knitting.

According to this embodiment, too, the situation is such that the connection is not made by means of zip fasteners or by means of packing or the like.

With regard to the textile material used or used with the flat material 1 as such, it can be provided according to the invention that the textile material is designed to be gas-permeable, in particular air-permeable, and / or water-vapor-permeable.

In particular, it can be provided according to the invention that the textile material is a knitted fabric, in particular knitted or crocheted fabrics; Tissue; Non-woven fabric or textile composite, in particular as a knitted fabric or woven fabric, is formed.

In general, the textile material can have a weight per unit area in the range from 60 g / m ² to 750 g / m ² , in particular in the range from 70 g / m ² to 525 g / m ² , preferably in the range from 80 g / m ² to 325 g / m ² , preferably in the range from 90 g / m ² to 275 g / m ² . Furthermore, the textile material can contain at least one type of yarn, twisted thread, thread and / or fiber selected from the group of natural materials and synthetic materials, preferably selected from the group of cotton; Wool; Linen; Polyesters; Polyolefins, polyvinyl chloride; Polyvinylidene chloride; Acetates, especially cellulose acetates; Triacetates, especially cellulose triacetates; Polyacrylic; Polyamide; Polyvinyl alcohol; Polyurethanes; Polyvinyl esters; Viscose; and mixtures or combinations thereof.

In addition, it can basically also be provided according to the invention that the textile material - in particular in contrast to the sheet material 1, has at least essentially no components, in particular no yarns and / or fibers and / or twists and / or threads, based on UFIMW-PE.

In general, the textile material can be fire-resistant and / or flame-resistant.

In this context, the textile material can have at least one fire-resistant and / or flame-resistant material, in particular in the form of or as a component of a yarn and / or thread and / or thread. In this context, the fire-resistant or flame-resistant material can be at least one aramid, in particular meta-aramid. In addition, the textile material can contain the fire-resistant and / or flame-resistant material in an amount in the range from 1% by weight to 100% by weight, in particular 2% by weight to 95% by weight, preferably 5% by weight to 90% by weight % By weight, preferably 10% by weight to 85% by weight, based on the textile material.

Likewise, it can be provided that the textile material is designed to be antistatic. In general, the textile material can have at least one antistatic material, in particular in the form of or as a component of a yarn and / or thread and / or thread.

In addition, the textile material can be designed to be elastic or reversibly stretchable. In this context, the textile material can have at least one elastically or reversibly stretchable material, in particular in the form or as a component of a yarn and / or thread and / or thread, in particular based on a synthetic polymer material, preferably based on a block copolymer with the components polyurethane and Polyethylene glycol. In addition, the textile material can have the elastically or reversibly stretchable material in an amount in the range from 1 to 25% by weight, in particular 2 to 20% by weight, preferably 2 to 15% by weight, based on the textile material.

In addition, it can also be provided according to the invention that the textile material is provided with a hydrophilic finish or has been subjected to hydrophilization. Appropriate hydrophilizing agents can be used in this regard. In this regard, in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, reference can be made to the above statements on the possibly provided hydrophilization of the flat material 1, the relevant statements correspondingly apply to the further textile material.

In addition, cellulose-based components, in particular in the form of yarns and / or threads and / or threads, such as ^Lenzing® FR, can also be used for the textile material, which provides (further) fire protection or flame protection. In addition, materials can be used in particular in the form of yarns and / or threads and / or filaments having elastic or stretchable properties reversibly, for example materials based on spandex, such as Lycra ^®. Materials based on Spandex ^® can also be used.

According to the invention, it can also be provided that the flat material 1, in particular in the form of the textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of the knitted fabric, and / or the textile material additionally with an adsorbent adsorbing chemical poisonous and / or warfare agents, in particular a material based of activated carbon, preferably in the form of activated carbon particles in grain form ("grain carbon") or spherical form ("spherical carbon"), acted upon or equipped. In this context, the adsorbent can be fixed to the flat material 1 and / or the textile material by means of an adhesive applied in particular discontinuously, preferably in punctiform fashion. On this basis, the flat material 1 or the textile material can additionally be equipped with adsorptive properties in a targeted or expedient manner, so that the flat material 1 according to the invention has a further protective function against chemical poisons or warfare agents in this regard. In this context, the mean diameter of the adsorbent particles, in particular the activated carbon particles, can be 0.01 to 2 mm, preferably 0.05 to 1 mm, preferably 0.1 to 0.5 mm. The corresponding particle sizes can in particular be determined on the basis of the method according to ASTM D2862-97 / 04. In addition, the aforementioned particle sizes can be determined with determination methods based on a sieve analysis based on X-ray diffraction, laser diffractometry or the like. The respective determination methods are well known as such to the person skilled in the art, so that no further explanations are required in this regard.

Furthermore, the adsorbent particles, in particular the activated carbon particles, can be used in an amount in the range from 40 to 250 g / m ² , in particular 50 to 180 g / m ² , preferably 55 to 130 g / m ² .

In general, the activated carbon can be obtained by carbonization and subsequent activation of a synthetic or non-natural substance-based starting material, in particular based on organic polymers.

In particular, the activated carbon can be obtained from a starting material based on organic polymers, in particular based on sulfonated organic polymers, preferably based on divinylbenzene-crosslinked polystyrene, preferably based on styrene / divinylbenzene copolymers, in particular by carbonization and subsequent activation of the starting material. In this context, the divinylbenzene content in the starting material can be in the range from 1% by weight to 20% by weight, in particular 1% by weight to 15% by weight, preferably 1.5% by weight to 12% by weight. 5% by weight, preferably 2% by weight to 10% by weight, based on the starting material.

Furthermore, the starting material can in particular be an ion exchange resin containing sulfonated and / or sulfonic acid groups, in particular of the gel type.

In particular, it can be provided according to the invention that a polymer-based spherical activated carbon (PBSAC; polymer-based spherical activated carbon) is used as the activated carbon. In particular, the activated carbon can thus be a polymer-based spherical activated carbon (PBSAC). The activated carbon used can in principle be obtained by known processes of the prior art: In particular, for this purpose, spherical sulfonated organic polymers, in particular based on divinylbenzene-crosslinked polystyrene, are carbonized and then activated to give the activated carbon in question, in particular as mentioned above. For further details in this regard, reference can be made, for example, to the publications DE 4328219 A1, DE 43 04 026 A1, DE 196 00 237 A1 and EP 1 918 022 A1 or to the parallel US Pat. No. 7,737,038 B2 belonging to the same patent family, the content of which is hereby incorporated is fully incorporated by reference.

Activated carbons used in the context of the present invention are generally commercially available or commercially available. In particular, activated carbons can be used, which are sold, for example, by Blücher GmbH, Erkrath, Germany.

As a result, a sheet material 1 according to the invention can be provided overall, which is provided with multiple protection, namely splinter, stab or cut protection on the one hand and protection against chemical poisonous or warfare agents on the other hand.

According to the invention, it can in particular be provided that the flat material 1, optionally together with the textile material, is part of a protective object, in particular protective clothing and / or protective equipment, or forms it.

In this context, it can be provided, for example, that the sheet material 1 in the case of use in protective clothing in the wearing state is positioned or arranged in the area of a body region to be protected of a wearer of the protective clothing, or in the case of use in protective equipment in the area of a to Protective object is arranged (for example when the sheet material or the relevant protective equipment is placed on an object to be protected or an object to be protected). According to the first aspect of the present invention, the present invention also relates to a flat textile material (fabric) 1 with splinter, stab and / or cut protection, preferably with splinter protection, in particular for use in protective clothing or protective equipment for the military and / or civilian sector , in particular as defined above, wherein the textile sheet material 1 has or consists of at least one yarn system 2, in particular multifilament yarn system, forming the textile sheet material 1, wherein the yarn system 2 consists of at least one UFIMW-PE multifilament yarn 3 or is formed from it, whereby the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn 3 consists of, or is formed from, a plurality of at least substantially the same and / or at least substantially identical UHMW-PE individual filaments 4, the UHMW-PE individual filaments 4 forming the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn 3 connected to each other and / or miteinan which are combined and / or brought together and / or summarized, in particular twisted and / or twisted (twisted), preferably by twisting (twisting) the UHMW-PE individual filaments (4) with one another, the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn 3 from 5 up to 500 UHMW-PE single filaments 4, in particular 10 to 400 UHMW-PE single filaments 4, preferably 20 to 300 UHMW-PE single filaments 4, preferably 40 to 200 UHMW-PE single filaments 4, particularly preferably 60 to 160 UHMW-PE - Single filaments 4, very particularly preferably 80 to 120 UHMW-PE single filaments 4, consists or is formed from them and / or wherein the UHMW-PE single filaments 4 each have a titer (fineness) in the range from 0.2 dtex to 30 dtex, in particular in the range from 0.5 dtex to 10 dtex, preferably in the range from 0.8 dtex to 5 dtex, preferably in the range from 1 dtex to 3 dtex, particularly preferably in the range from 1.2 dtex to 2.8 dtex, completely particularly preferably in the range from 1.5 dtex to 2.5 dtex, have, and wherein the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn 3 has a titer (fineness, yarn fineness) of at least 150 dtex. Likewise, according to the first aspect of the invention, the present invention also relates to a flat textile material (fabric) 1 with splinter, stab and / or cut protection, preferably with splinter protection, in particular for use in protective clothing or protective equipment for the military and / or civilian sector, in particular as defined above, the textile sheet material 1 having or consisting of at least one yarn system 2, in particular a multifilament yarn system, forming the textile sheet material 1, the yarn system 2 consisting of or being formed from at least one UFIMW-PE multifilament yarn 3, the UHMW- PE multifilament yarn 3 consists of or is formed from a plurality of at least essentially the same and / or at least essentially identical UHMW-PE individual filaments 4, the UHMW-PE individual filaments 4 forming the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn 3 connected to each other and / or miteinan which are combined and / or brought together and / or combined, in particular twisted and / or twisted (twisted), preferably by twisting (twisting together) the UHMW-PE individual filaments (4), the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn 3 from 5 to 500 UHMW-PE single filaments 4, in particular 10 to 400 UHMW-PE single filaments 4, preferably 20 to 300 UHMW-PE single filaments 4, preferably 40 to 200 UHMW-PE single filaments 4, particularly preferably 60 to 160 UHMW-PE Individual filaments 4, very particularly preferably 80 to 120 UHMW-PE individual filaments 4, consists or is formed from them and / or wherein the UHMW-PE individual filaments 4 each have a titer (fineness) in the range from 0.2 dtex to 30 dtex, in particular in the range from 0.5 dtex to 10 dtex, preferably in the range from 0.8 dtex to 5 dtex, preferably in the range from 1 dtex to 3 dtex, particularly preferably in the range from 1.2 dtex to 2.8 dtex, very particularly preferably in the range from 1.5 dtex to 2.5 dtex, where ei the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn 3 has a titer (fineness, yarn fineness) of at least 150 dtex and wherein the sheet material 1 and / or the yarn system 2 is in the form of a textile knitted fabric, in particular as a knitted fabric and / or as a knitted fabric, preferably as a knitted fabric, wherein the sheet material 1 and / or the yarn system 2 a plurality of stitches 5 on the one hand and optionally has at least one different binding element 6 on the other hand, wherein the binding element 6 is selected from the group of flank, float (float), weft, partial weft and standing thread, preferably flank and float (float).

Another object of the present invention - according to a further aspect of the present invention - is also an object of protection, in particular protective clothing or protective equipment, with splinter, stab and / or cut protection, preferably with splinter protection, in particular for the military and / or civilian sector, wherein the subject matter of protection comprises or consists of at least one flat textile material (1), as defined above; and / or wherein the subject of protection is produced using a textile flat material 1, as defined above, and / or having a textile flat material 1, as defined above; and / or wherein the textile planar material 1 is in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric; and / or wherein the sheet material 1 has a plurality of meshes 5 on the one hand and optionally at least one different binding element 6 on the other hand, the binding element 6 being selected from the group of flanks, floats, wefts, partial wefts and standing threads, preferably flanks and Floating (floating).

According to this aspect of the present invention, the present invention also relates to an object of protection, in particular protective clothing or protective equipment, with splinter, stab and / or cut protection, preferably with splinter protection, in particular for the military and / or civilian sector, in particular as defined above, whereby the subject matter of protection comprises or consists of at least one flat textile material 1, wherein the sheet material at least one the textile sheet material 1 forming yarn system 2, in particular multifilament yarn system, has or consists of it, the yarn system 2 consists of at least one UFIMW-PE multifilament yarn 3 or is formed from it, the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn 3 from one A plurality of at least essentially the same and / or at least essentially identical UHMW-PE individual filaments 4 consists or is formed from them, the UHMW-PE individual filaments 4 being connected to one another and / or to form the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn 3 combined and / or brought together and / or summarized, in particular twisted and / or twisted (twisted), are, preferably by twisting (twisting) the UHMW-PE individual filaments (4) with each other, and wherein the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn 3 one Has a titer (fineness, yarn fineness) of at least 150 dtex.

With regard to the subject of protection according to the invention, it is thus in particular that the sheet material 1 in this regard is designed as defined above.

In particular, it can be provided according to the invention that the flat material 1 is arranged in areas and / or sections in the protected object or that the protected object is formed by the flat material 1 in areas and / or sections.

According to the invention, it can equally be provided that the flat material 1, in particular at least in sections and / or areas or in particular over the entire surface, is arranged in a single layer in the subject of protection. In this regard, the flat material 1, so to speak, the base area of the subject of protection, can form at least regionally or in sections.

In addition, it can also be provided according to the invention that the sheet material 1, in particular at least in sections and / or areas or in particular over the entire surface, is arranged in multiple layers, preferably in two layers, three layers, four layers or more, in the subject of protection. According to the invention, it can be provided in particular that the individual layers are formed by a respective or separate sheet material 1. In principle, z. B. also an eight-layer or sixteen-layer arrangement in To be considered. In this way, the protective function can be increased in a targeted manner, at least in areas or sections. In particular, a four-layer arrangement has proven to be advantageous, since this results in excellent values with regard to the flexural and flexibility properties, so to speak, with an increased protective function at the same time, which is of considerable importance, for example, for wearing comfort.

In general, with regard to the arrangement of the planar material 1, with an increasing number of layers of the planar material 1, the related ballistic protection values V50 according to STANAG 2920 for the present multilayer arrangement are correspondingly increased compared to the single-layer arrangement.

The corresponding layers can be, for. B. be an integral part of protective clothing. As will be explained below, however, a detachable or detachable arrangement, in particular of multi-layer anti-splinter elements, can also be considered with regard to the subject of protection according to the invention.

Furthermore, according to the invention, it can also behave in such a way that the subject of protection according to the invention also has a particularly flat textile material, in particular as defined above, in addition to or in combination with the flat material 1 specified according to the invention.

For this purpose, reference can also be made to the above statements on the textile material possibly used in relation to the flat material 1, the relevant statements also correspondingly apply to this aspect of the present invention.

In particular, the textile material can be knitted fabrics, in particular knitted or crocheted fabrics; Tissue; Non-woven fabric or textile composite, in particular as a knitted fabric or woven fabric, can be designed.

According to the invention, it can in particular be provided that the flat material 1 is combined or brought together, in particular connected, with the textile material. It can be provided according to the invention in particular that the flat material 1 and the textile material are arranged in a common plane and / or form a common plane and / or form a preferably closed plane.

In particular, it can be provided according to the invention that the flat material 1 and the textile material are each connected to one another at the edge, preferably by means of sewing, welding, gluing or the like, preferably by means of sewing and / or knitting. In this regard, an embodiment according to the invention provides that the connection is not made, for example, by means of a zipper or, for example, by means of stapling.

In addition, it can also be provided that, with respect to the subject of protection according to the invention, the flat material 1 and the textile material are arranged in different planes and / or one above the other and / or one on top of the other.

In this regard, it can be provided that the sheet material 1 and the textile material are loosely arranged to one another or else are connected to one another, preferably are connected to one another at the edge, preferably by means of sewing, welding, gluing or the like, preferably by means of sewing. In this regard, it is provided according to an embodiment of the invention that the connection is not made, for example, by means of a zip fastener or, for example, by means of stapling, since in particular this further prevents the formation of secondary splinters from the protected object itself.

In particular, the textile material can be designed to be gas-permeable, in particular air-permeable, and / or water-vapor-permeable.

Likewise, the textile material can be knitted fabrics, in particular knitted or crocheted fabrics; Tissue; Non-woven fabric or textile composite, in particular as a knitted fabric or woven fabric, can be designed. In addition, it can be provided that the object of protection and / or the flat material 1 and / or the textile material is additionally coated with an adsorbent that adsorbs chemical poisonous and / or warfare agents, in particular a material based on activated carbon, preferably in the form of activated carbon particles in grain form (" Granular carbon ") or spherical shape (" spherical carbon "), is acted upon and / or equipped, in particular wherein the adsorbent is fixed to the protective object and / or the sheet material 1 and / or the textile material by means of an adhesive applied in particular discontinuously, preferably punctiformly.

In general, the object of protection can be designed as protective clothing, in particular in the form of a protective suit; protective trousers, in particular protective underpants or protective overpants; a protective shirt, in particular a protective undershirt or protective shirt; a protective vest; a protective glove; a protective footwear; a protective sock; protective headwear or the like.

In general, the object of protection can be designed as protective clothing in the form of underwear (underwear) and / or outerwear (outerwear). In general, the protective clothing can be designed as an item of clothing for people.

In this context, according to the invention, it can behave in particular in such a way that the sheet material 1 in the worn state over the area of the thigh, in particular the front, inner and / or rear thigh, preferably the front and / or inner thigh; the loin; the genitals; the anal and / or perineum region; of the lower leg, in particular the front, inner and / or rear lower leg, preferably the front and / or inner lower leg; of the knee and / or the hollow of the knee; the lower abdomen and / or the bladder and urinary tract; the lower back and / or the renal pelvis; of the torso, especially the lateral and / or rear torso; of the upper and / or forearm; the bend and / or the elbow; the shoulder; of the flals; especially the lower part of the face; the Fland, especially the Flandrücke; and / or of the flange joint and / or the aforementioned areas are at least partially covered when the protective clothing is worn and / or are arranged in the aforementioned areas when the protective clothing is worn. As a result, specific protection of specific body regions or sections can be provided. In addition, it can also be provided that the object of protection is designed as protective equipment, preferably for protection and / or for covering or covering and / or for lining objects. In this context, the protective equipment can be in the form of a flat and / or two-dimensional structure, preferably in the form of a large-area, coherent, in particular one-piece structure, preferably in the form of a cover, a sheet, a sheet, a blanket, a tarpaulin, a mat or the like be.

In this context, with regard to the object to be protected, the situation is such that the object has a defined physical extent and / or a defined shape.

In particular, the object can be a technical object. In addition, the object can be a mechanical and / or electronic object. In addition, the object can be a civil or military object, in particular a military object, preferably a technical-military, mechanical-military and / or electronic-military object.

In general, within the scope of the present invention, the item can be selected from the group of military items and military equipment, preferably from the group of military equipment items and / or military equipment, and / or where the item is selected from the group of preferably military vehicles , Machines, weapons, ammunition, spare parts, electronic objects, accessories, systems, facilities, equipment or the like.

In this regard, according to the invention, it behaves in particular in such a way that the protective material is adapted to the physical expansion and / or the shape of the object.

According to the invention, the embodiment according to which the protective object according to the invention is designed in a special way as protective equipment for objects, such that the relevant protective material and / or the protective object as such is not designed as an item of clothing for people. With a view to ensuring a corresponding protective function, it can in particular be provided that the protective material, in particular in the operational and / or applied state, is arranged on the outside of the object.

In general, the protective material, in particular in the operational and / or application state, can partially or at least substantially completely, preferably completely, cover and / or cover the object to be protected.

In addition, the protective material can be connected to the object reversibly and / or not permanently (not permanently), preferably removably.

According to a further embodiment according to the invention, it can also be provided that the protective material is integrated into the object. For example, the protective material can form a lining of the object.

In addition, the protective material can also be part of the object.

In general, according to the invention, it can also behave in such a way that the protective material and the object form a unit. In this regard, it can also be provided that the protective material is in particular firmly or permanently (permanently) connected to the object, in particular sewn, welded, laminated and / or glued.

In general, the protective material can be connected to the object at least essentially over the entire surface.

In addition, the protective material can be connected to the object at least in sections, in particular punctually, linearly and / or in grid form.

According to the invention, it can be provided, in particular to ensure a further and in particular supplementary protection in sections or areas, that the subject of protection has at least one splinter protection element, in particular for the formation and / or provision of a complementary and / or supplementary and / or individually adaptable splinter, puncture and / or cut protection, preferably splinter protection. In this regard, the splinter protection element can comprise or be formed from at least one flat material 1.

In general, the planar material 1 can be arranged in a single layer in the splinter protection element, in particular at least in sections and / or regions or in particular over the entire surface. In addition, the sheet material 1, in particular at least in sections and / or areas or in particular over the entire surface, can be arranged in multiple layers, preferably two layers, three layers, four layers, eight layers, sixteen layers or more, preferably four layers, in the splinter protection element. The individual layers can be formed by a respective and / or separate sheet material 1. In general, an eight-layer or sixteen-layer design of the splinter protection element is also possible.

In general, the splinter protection element can be detachably or removably or detachably connected to the protected object. In this context, the splinter protection element can be introduced into a receiving device, in particular a receiving pocket, of the protected object. In general, within the scope of the present invention it can also be provided in this context that the splinter protection elements extend over different body areas or sections of the wearer or the corresponding areas of the wearer in each case at least partially cover. In a corresponding manner, the splinter protection elements can extend in the context of their use with regard to protective equipment over certain areas or in sections over an object to be protected.

On the basis of the concept according to the invention, the use of special splinter protection elements which may be provided, for example, specifically with regard to defined body areas or regions or defined areas of an object or object to be protected, can be used both with regard to the wearer or body The object as well as an additional splinter protection which can be matched or adapted to an underlying hazard potential are provided. The present invention - according to yet another aspect of the present invention - is also the use of a flat material 1, as defined above, to provide or increase protection against splinters, stabs and / or cuts in protective objects, in particular protective clothing and / or protective equipment , preferably for the military and / or civil sector.

Finally, according to yet another aspect of the present invention, the present invention also relates to the method for providing or increasing protection against splinters, punctures and / or cuts, preferably splinter protection, for objects of protection, in particular protective clothing and / or protective equipment, preferably for the military and / or civil sector, with at least one flat material 1, as defined above, being used for the formation and / or positioning of the flat material 1 and / or being integrated into the flat material 1.

Further refinements, modifications, variations, modifications, special features and advantages of the present invention can be readily recognized and implemented by those skilled in the art when reading the description, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

The present invention is illustrated by means of the following exemplary embodiments, which, however, are in no way intended to restrict the present invention.

EXAMPLES:

A) Ballistic protective effect of various textile surface materials

In the present case, the ballistic protective effect (ballistic holding capacity) or the splinter protection is determined for various textile surface materials.

For this purpose, the ballistic protective effect of the flat materials is determined in the form of the respective ballistic protection values V50, measured according to STANAG 2920 (RCC 0.13 g, with RCC = Right Circular Cylinder). Higher Vso values mean a better ballistic protection function or holding capacity of the examined splinter protection elements. The ballistic protection values given below relate to a single-layer arrangement of the flat material or to the flat material as such.

The respective textile surface materials are available as knitted fabrics in the form of a knitted fabric. In addition, the respective textile surface materials are based on the use of a yarn in the form of a UHMW-PE multifilament yarn, which has a corresponding number of UHMW-PE individual filaments.

Regarding the respective flat materials in detail: a) First, a textile flat material A according to the invention is examined. This is a flat material in which a UHMW-PE multifilament yarn is used, which is formed from 100 UHMW-PE individual filaments. The UHMW-PE individual filaments designed as continuous fibers are at least essentially identical to one another, are at least essentially completely formed from UHMW-PE and each have a titer (fineness) of 2 dtex. The UHMW-PE single filaments are twisted together to form the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn. The resulting UHMW-PE multifilament yarn is twisted in the Z direction, with a yarn or thread twist of about 80 T / m. The UHMW-PE multifilament yarn also has a titer (fineness, yarn fineness) of around 220 dtex, a diameter of around 175 μm, a maximum tensile strength related to the fineness of around 340 cN / tex and a maximum tensile force elongation of around 3.5%. The resulting textile planar material according to the invention has a weight per unit area of approximately 250 g / m ² and a thickness of approximately 1.5 mm. Furthermore, the flat material has a number or density of about 9 wales / cm and about 20 rows / cm. In addition, the sheet material has an overall extensibility in the longitudinal and / or transverse direction of approximately 20% in each case.

The sheet material A has a ballistic protection value V50 of

> 390 m / s, as also listed in the following table 1:

Table 1

The table shows that the planar material A according to the invention has a very high ballistic protection value V50. b) Furthermore, textile sheet materials B1 to B5 according to the invention are examined, which are based on the aforementioned sheet material A, but with the proviso that the yarn or thread twist is varied in the sheet materials B1 to B5, as in the following Table 2 listed. Table 2 also summarizes the ballistic protection values V50 determined in each case:

Table 2

The table shows that in comparison to the sheet material A according to the invention (about 80 T / m), the sheet materials B1 to B5 have lower ballistic protection values V50, with high values overall being achieved for the sheet materials B2 to B4, while the relevant values for the Flat materials B1 and B5 turn out to be lower. Without wanting to refer to or limit oneself to this theory, the decrease in the ballistic protection value V50 in the case of the flat materials B3 to B5 can possibly be attributed to the fact that with greater twine or thread twist, reduced freedom of movement and / or no optimal interaction of the UFIMW-PE- Individual filaments in the multifilament yarn result, so that the entry and in particular the dissipation or distribution of kinetic energy within the yarn is less optimal. c) In addition, textile sheet materials according to the invention are used

C1 to C5 investigated, which are based on the aforementioned flat material A, but with the proviso that in the flat materials C1 to C5 the number of UFIMW-PE individual filaments forming the UFIMW-PE multifilament yarn is varied, as in the following Table 3 listed. Table 3 also summarizes the ballistic protection values V50 determined in each case:

Table 3

The table shows that in comparison to the sheet material A according to the invention (with 100 individual filaments), the sheet materials C1 to C5 have lower ballistic protection values V50. In particular, sheet material C1 has a relatively low ballistic protection value V50. In addition, there is also a certain decrease in the ballistic protection value V50 for flat material C5 in particular, with the material also becoming more difficult to produce in particular for flat material C5, which is also the case in a weaker form for flat material C4. In contrast, the flat materials C2 to C5 each still have relatively high ballistic protection values V50. Without wishing to be limited to this theory, the decrease in the ballistic protection value V ₅₀ in the case of the flat material C5 (as well as the stagnation or the only slight decrease in the flat material C4) can possibly be attributed to the fact that due to the large or increasing number of UFIMW PE single filaments in the yarn only have limited freedom of movement and / or there is no optimal interaction of the individual filaments, so that the entry and in particular the dissipation or distribution of kinetic energy within the yarn is worsened or at least not optimized further. In addition, without wishing to be limited to this theory, the deteriorated processability of the respective multifilament yarns to form the sheet material, as is particularly the case for sheet material C5 and to a lesser extent for sheet material C4, can sometimes be less flexible or flexible each underlying multifilament yarn is connected. d) Furthermore, textile flat materials D1 to D4 according to the invention are investigated, which are based on the aforementioned flat material A, but with the proviso that in the flat materials D1 to D4 the titer (fineness) of the UFIMW forming the UFIMW-PE multifilament yarn PE single filaments is varied, as shown in the following Table 4 (this is also associated with a corresponding variation in the denier of the multifilament yarn as such). Table 4 also summarizes the ballistic protection values V ₅₀ determined in each case:

Table 4

The table shows that in comparison to the planar material A according to the invention (with the titer of the individual filaments of 2 dtex each), the planar materials D1 to D4 have lower ballistic protection values V ₅₀ . The flat materials D3 and D4 have high ballistic protection values V ₅₀ , but compared to flat material A there is none further increase can be seen. In addition, with regard to the flat material D4 in particular, there is a somewhat poorer processability of the multifilaments to form the flat material, possibly due to a reduced pliability or flexibility of the resulting multifilament yarn. e) Furthermore, a textile sheet material E according to the invention is examined, which is based on sheet material A (but which has no additional binding elements or no floats), but with the proviso that the sheet material E also has special binding elements in the form of floats. The binding elements in the form of floats lead to a further increase in the stability properties. The textile sheet material E has a ballistic protection value V50 of> 430 m / s, as also shown in the following table 5:

Table 5

The table thus shows that the planar material E according to the invention has an even better ballistic protection value V50. f) Furthermore, a textile planar material F according to the invention is examined, which is based on planar material A (but which has no additional binding elements or flanks), but with the proviso that the flat material F also has special binding elements in the form of flanges. The binding elements in the form of flaps lead to a further increase in the stability properties. The textile sheet material F has a ballistic protection value V50 of> 420 m / s, as also shown in the following table 6:

Table 6

The table shows that the planar material F according to the invention has an even better ballistic protection value V50. g) Furthermore, a textile planar material G according to the invention is examined, which corresponds to planar material A, but with the proviso that the planar material F is subjected to flydrophilization or has a hydrophilic finish. For the textile surface material G there is a ballistic protection value V50 of> 395 m / s which is comparable or even higher than surface material A, as also shown in the following table 7:

Table 7

The table shows that the planar material F according to the invention has a further slightly improved ballistic protection value V50, possibly due to a possibly better sliding behavior of the meshes or the individual filaments with respect to one another in the multifilament yarn.

B) Traquephological properties / washing properties

For the textile flat materials A and G mentioned above, an investigation is also carried out with regard to their wear-physiological properties and their washing properties or washing resistance.

Both flat materials A and G each have a high level of air permeability in accordance with DIN EN ISO 9237. In addition, the sheet material A according to the TEGEWA test has a hydrophilicity with a sinking time of the potted test solution of less than 1 second, while for the sheet material G even a significantly reduced sinking time can be determined in this regard. This makes it clear that the materials can absorb sweat or moisture even over a long period of time without feeling damp, and that the materials are able to remove moisture or body sweat from the wearer, with flat material G compared to flat material A in this regard is improved again. In addition, the flat material G has antistatic properties that are even better than the flat material A.

In addition, the flat material G has an even better wash resistance than the flat material A. So lie with that

Surface material A after a large number of washing cycles (e.g. 20 washing cycles) in a household washing machine at a washing temperature of 60 ° C, at most minor changes in the material properties (i.e. at most a slight reduction in the ballistic protection value by a maximum of 5%) before, while for surface material G at more appropriate

Number of washing cycles, there are no significant changes in the material properties. The materials are also each distinguished by a short drying time, which is further improved in the case of the sheet material F.

Overall, the above statements show that the flat materials according to the invention have particularly good ballistic protective properties, with a high level of resistance also being present and, moreover, a high level of wearing comfort of the materials in the case of use in protective clothing being ensured.

REFERENCE CHARACTERISTICS LIST:

1 textile surface material

2 Yarn system 3 UHMW-PE multifilament yarn

4 UHMW-PE single filament

5 stitches

6 binding element

Claims

Patent claims:

1.Textile sheet material (fabric) (1) with splinter, stab and / or cut protection, preferably with splinter protection, in particular for use in protective clothing or protective equipment, preferably for the military and / or civilian sector, the textile sheet material (1) has or consists of at least one yarn system (2) forming the textile sheet material (1), in particular multifilament yarn system, the yarn system (2) consisting of or being formed from at least one UHMW-PE multifilament yarn (3), the UFIMW-PE -Multifilament yarn (3) consists of a plurality of at least essentially the same and / or at least essentially identical UHMW-PE individual filaments (4) or is formed from them, the UHMW-PE individual filaments (4) for forming the UHMW- PE multifilament yarn (3) connected to one another and / or combined with one another and / or brought together and / or combined, in particular twisted together d / or twisted (twisted), preferably by twisting (twisting together) the UHMW-PE individual filaments (4) with each other, and the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn (3) has a denier (fineness, yarn fineness) of at least 150 dtex .

2. Sheet material according to claim 1, wherein the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn (3) consists of at least 5 UHMW-PE single filaments (4), in particular at least 10 UHMW-PE single filaments (4), preferably at least 20 UHMW-PE single filaments ( 4), preferably at least 40 UHMW-PE individual filaments (4), particularly preferably at least 60 UHMW-PE individual filaments (4), very particularly preferably at least 80 UHMW-PE individual filaments (4), consists or is formed from them; and or wherein the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn (3) consists of a maximum of 500 UHMW-PE individual filaments (4), in particular a maximum of 400 UHMW-PE individual filaments (4), preferably a maximum of 300 UHMW-PE individual filaments (4), preferably at most 200 UHMW-PE individual filaments (4), particularly preferably a maximum of 160 UHMW-PE individual filaments (4), very particularly preferably a maximum of 120 UHMW-PE individual filaments (4), consists or is formed therefrom; and / or wherein the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn (3) consists of 5 to 500 UHMW-PE individual filaments (4), in particular 10 to 400 UHMW-PE individual filaments (4), preferably 20 to 300 UHMW-PE individual filaments (4 ), preferably 40 to 200 UHMW-PE single filaments (4), particularly preferably 60 to 160 UHMW-PE single filaments (4), very particularly preferably 80 to 120 UHMW-PE single filaments (4), or is formed from it.

3. Sheet material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the UHMW-PE single filaments (4), in particular determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 2060, each have a titer (fineness) of at least 0.2 dtex, in particular at least 0.5 dtex, preferably at least 0.8 dtex, preferably at least 1 dtex, particularly preferably at least 1.2 dtex, very particularly preferably at least 1.5 dtex; and / or where the UHMW-PE single filaments (4), in particular determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 2060, each have a titer (fineness) of at most 30 dtex, in particular at most 10 dtex, preferably at most 5 dtex, preferably at most 3 dtex, particularly preferably at most 2.8 dtex, very particularly preferably at most 2.5 dtex; and / or wherein the UHMW-PE single filaments (4), in particular determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 2060, each have a titer (fineness) in the range from 0.2 dtex to 30 dtex, in particular in the range from 0.5 dtex to 10 dtex, preferably in the range from 0.8 dtex to 5 dtex, preferably in the range from 1 dtex to 3 dtex, particularly preferably in the range from 1.2 dtex to 2.8 dtex, very particularly preferably in the range from 1.5 dtex to 2.5 dtex; and or wherein the UHMW-PE individual filaments (4), in particular determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 2060, have at least essentially identical titers (fineness) to one another, in particular where the deviation of the respective titers (fineness) from one another is at most 10%, in particular at most 5% , preferably at most 3%, preferably at most 1%, based on the smaller value.

4. Sheet material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the UFIMW-PE single filaments (4) each have a diameter of at least 7.5 pm, in particular at least 10 pm, preferably at least 12.5 pm, preferably at least 15 pm, particularly preferably at least 17 , 5 pm; and / or wherein the UFIMW-PE single filaments (4) each have a diameter of at most 50 μm, in particular at most 45 μm, preferably at most 40 μm, preferably at most 30 μm, particularly preferably at most 22.5 μm; and / or where the UFIMW-PE single filaments (4) each preferably have a diameter in the range from 7.5 μm to 50 μm, in particular in the range from 10 μm to 45 μm, preferably in the range from 12.5 μm to 40 μm in the range from 15 pm to 30 pm, particularly preferably in the range from 17.5 pm to 22.5 pm; and / or wherein the UFIMW-PE individual filaments (4) have at least essentially identical diameters to one another, in particular the deviation of the respective diameters from one another at most 10%, in particular at most 5%, preferably at most 3%, preferably at most 1%, based on the smaller value is.

5. Flat material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the UFIMW-PE individual filaments (4) are at least essentially completely formed from UFIMW-PE or consist of it; and / or wherein the UFIMW-PE individual filaments (4) besides UFIMW-PE have at least essentially no other ingredients and / or components, in particular no adhesives or the like. 6. Sheet material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the UHMW-PE individual filaments (4) are each designed as continuous filaments.

7. Sheet material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the UFIMW-PE individual filaments (4) twisted and / or twisted together and / or twisted together (to one another), preferably twisted together and / or twisted together (to one another) to form the multifilament yarn (3) , are; and / or wherein the UFIMW-PE single filaments (4) to form the multifilament yarn (3) in the multifilament yarn (3) are twisted and / or twisted and / or twisted together (with respect to one another), preferably twisted together and / or twisted together (with respect to one another) , are arranged; and / or wherein the respective UFIMW-PE individual filaments (4) are at least essentially not twisted in themselves and / or wherein a single UFIMW-PE individual filament (4) is at least essentially not twisted in itself.

8. Sheet material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the UFIMW-PE multifilament yarn (3) is twisted and / or twisted; and / or wherein the UFIMW-PE multifilament yarn (3) is twisted and / or twisted in the Z direction or in the S direction, preferably in the Z direction; and / or wherein the UFIMW-PE multifilament yarn (3) in the Z direction or in the S direction, preferably in the Z direction, in particular determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 2061, a yarn and / or thread twist, in particular yarn twist, of at least 60 T / m (turns per meter), in particular at least 65 T / m, preferably at least 70 T / m, preferably at least 75 T / m; and or wherein the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn (3) in the Z direction or in the S direction, preferably in the Z direction, in particular determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 2061, a yarn and / or thread twist, in particular a yarn twist, of at most 140 T / m (twists per meter), in particular at most 120 T / m, preferably at most 100 T / m, preferably at most 90 T / m; and / or wherein the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn (3) in the Z direction or in the S direction, preferably in the Z direction, in particular determined according to DIN EN ISO 2061, a yarn and / or thread twist, in particular a yarn twist, in the area from 60 T / m to 140 T / m (turns per meter), in particular in the range from 65 T / m to 120 T / m, preferably in the range from 70 T / m to 100 T / m, preferably in the range from 75 T / m to 90 T / m.

9. Sheet material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn (3) has a titer (fineness,

Yarn count), in particular determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 2060, of at least 155 dtex, in particular at least 160 dtex, preferably at least 180 dtex, preferably at least 190 dtex, particularly preferably at least 195 dtex; and / or where the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn (3) has a titer (fineness,

Yarn count), in particular determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 2060, of at most 450 dtex, in particular at most 400 dtex, preferably at most 350 dtex, preferably at most 300 dtex, particularly preferably at most 260 dtex; and / or where the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn (3) has a titer (fineness,

Yarn count), especially determined according to DIN EN ISO 2060, in the range from 155 dtex to 450 dtex, in particular in the range from 160 dtex to 400 dtex, preferably in the range from 180 dtex to 350 dtex, preferably in the range from 190 dtex to 300 dtex , particularly preferably in the range from 195 dtex to 275 dtex, very particularly preferably in the range from 195 dtex to 260 dtex. 10. Flat material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn (3) has a diameter of at least 30 μm, in particular at least 60 μm, preferably at least 90 μm, preferably at least 120 μm, particularly preferably at least 125 μm; and / or wherein the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn (3) has a diameter of at most 750 μm, in particular at most 500 μm, preferably at most 400 μm, preferably at most 300 μm, particularly preferably at most 200 μm; and / or wherein the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn (3) has a diameter in the range from 30 pm to 750 pm, in particular in the range from 60 pm to 500 pm, preferably in the range from 90 pm to 400 pm, preferably in the range from 120 pm to 300 pm, particularly preferably in the range from 125 pm to 200 pm.

11. Flat material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn (3) has a fineness-related maximum tensile strength, in particular determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 2062, of at least 50 cN / tex, in particular at least 100 cN / tex, preferably at least 150 cN / tex, preferably at least 200 cN / tex, particularly preferably at least 300 cN / tex; and / or where the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn (3) has a fineness-related maximum tensile strength, in particular determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 2062, of a maximum of 750 cN / tex, in particular a maximum of 600 cN / tex, preferably a maximum of 500 cN / tex, preferably a maximum of 450 cN / tex, particularly preferably at most 400 cN / tex; and / or where the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn (3) has a fineness-related maximum tensile strength, in particular determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 2062, in the range from 50 cN / tex to 750 cN / tex, in particular in the range from 100 cN / tex to 600 cN / tex, preferably in the range from 150 cN / tex to 500 cN / tex, preferably in the range from 200 cN / tex to 450 cN / tex, particularly preferably in the range from 300 cN / tex to 400 cN / tex. 12. Flat material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn (3) has a maximum tensile strength elongation, in particular determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 2062, of at least 1%, in particular at least 1.5%, preferably at least 2%, preferably at least 3 %, particularly preferably at least 3.25%; and / or where the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn (3) has a maximum tensile elongation, in particular determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 2062, of at most 9%, in particular at most 7%, preferably at most 5%, preferably at most 4%, particularly preferably at most 3.75 %, having; and / or where the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn (3) has a maximum tensile elongation, in particular determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 2062, in the range from 1% to 9%, in particular in the range from 1.5% to 7%, preferably in the range of 2 % to 5%, preferably in the range from 3% to 4%, particularly preferably in the range from 3.25% to 3.75%.

13. Flat material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn (3) has a modulus of elasticity in the range from 55 N / tex to 295 N / tex, in particular 80 N / tex to 245 N / tex, preferably 110 N / tex up to 190 N / tex; and / or where the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn (3) has a density in the range from 825 kg / m ³ to 1,175 kg / m ³ , in particular 850 kg / m ³ to 1,150 kg / m ³ , preferably 900 kg / m ³ to 1,100 kg / m ³ , preferably 925 kg / m ³ to 1,000 kg / m ³ , particularly preferably 975 kg / m ³ to 995 kg / m ³ ; and / or where the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn (3) has a crystallinity in the range from 75% to 95%, in particular 77.5% to 92.5%, preferably 80% to 90%, preferably 82.5% to 85% , having.

14. Flat material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the flat material (1) and / or the yarn system (2) is in the form of a textile knitted fabric and / or is present as a textile knitted fabric, in particular wherein the flat material (1) and / or the yarn system (2) has a large number of meshes (5) on the one hand and optionally at least one different binding element (6) on the other hand. 15. Sheet material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the sheet material (1) and / or the yarn system (2) is in the form of a knitted fabric and / or a knitted fabric, in particular a warp knitted fabric and / or a weft knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric and / or wherein the flat material (1) and / or the yarn system (2) is present as a knitted fabric and / or knitted fabric, in particular as a warp knitted fabric and / or as a weft knitted fabric, preferably as a knitted fabric; and / or wherein the flat material (1) and / or the yarn system (2) is designed in the form of a knitted fabric and / or is present as a knitted fabric.

16. Flat material according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the textile knitted fabric, in particular in the form of a knitted fabric, has a base selected from the group of fringe, tricot, cloth, satin, velvet and atlas; and / or wherein the textile knitted fabric, in particular in the form of a knitted fabric, has a RIGHT / LEFT (RL), RIGHT / RIGHT (RR) or LEFT / LEFT (LL) stitch weave, preferably a RIGHT / RIGHT (RR) stitch - bond, has; and / or where the textile knitted fabric, in particular in the form of a knitted fabric, in the form of a jersey and / or interlock knitted fabric, in particular interlock knitted fabric, and / or preferably in the form of a jersey and / or interlock knitted fabric, preferably interlock Knitted fabric is formed; and / or wherein the textile knitted fabric, in particular in the form of a knitted fabric, has at least one rib structure; and / or wherein the textile knitted fabric, in particular in the form of a knitted fabric, has rib-shaped elevations, preferably longitudinal ribs, in particular wherein the rib-shaped elevations, in particular the longitudinal ribs, run and / or are arranged at least substantially in a straight line and / or parallel to one another. 17. Sheet material according to one of claims 14 to 16, wherein the binding element (6) is selected from the group of handle, float (float), weft, partial weft and standing thread, preferably handle and float (float); and / or wherein the binding element (6) is designed and / or is present in the form of a handle and / or a float (float); and or . wherein the binding element (6) is formed from the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn (3) and / or a separate and / or further UHMW-PE multifilament yarn (3 ') different from the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn (3).

18. Flat material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the flat material (1), in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, has a weight per unit area, in particular determined in accordance with DIN EN 12 127: 1997, of at least 80 g / m ² , in particular at least 100 g / m ² , preferably at least 150 g / m ² , preferably at least 200 g / m ² , particularly preferably at least 220 g / m ² ; and / or wherein the sheet material (1), in particular in the form of a textile

Knitwear, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, a basis weight, in particular determined in accordance with DIN EN 12 127: 1997, of at most 1,000 g / m ² , in particular at most 750 g / m ² , preferably at most 500 g / m ² , preferably at most 350 g / m ² , particularly preferably at most 305 g / m ² ; and / or wherein the sheet material (1), in particular in the form of a textile

Knitted goods, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, have a weight per unit area, in particular determined in accordance with DIN EN 12 127: 1997, in the range from 80 g / m ² to 1,000 g / m ² , in particular in the range from 100 g / m ² to 750 g / m ² , preferably in the range from 150 g / m ² to 500 g / m ² , preferably in the range from 200 g / m ² to 350 g / m ² , particularly preferably in the range from 220 g / m ² to 305 g / m ² , having. 19. Flat material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the flat material (1), in particular in the form of a textile

Knitwear, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, a thickness in the range from 0.1 mm to 50 mm, in particular 0.2 mm to 25 mm, preferably 0.3 mm to 15 mm, preferably 0.4 mm to 10 mm, particularly preferred 0.5 mm to 5 mm, very particularly preferably 0.6 mm to 2.5 mm.

20. Flat material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the flat material (1), in particular in the form of a textile

Knitted goods, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, a number and / or density of wales (wales / cm) in the range from 2 to 25 wales / cm, in particular in the range from 4 to 20 wales / cm, preferably in the range from 5 to 17 wales / cm, preferably in the range from 6 to 15 wales / cm; and / or wherein the sheet material (1), in particular in the form of a textile

Knitted goods, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, a number and / or density of courses (courses / cm) in the range from 2 to

40 courses / cm, in particular in the range from 5 to 30 courses / cm, preferably in the range from 8 to 25, preferably in the range from 10 to 23 courses / cm.

21. Flat material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the flat material (1), in particular in the form of a textile

Knitted goods, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, a total extensibility (total elongation), in particular determined in accordance with DIN 53835-14 and / or in particular determined at 20 N, in the longitudinal and / or transverse direction, independently of one another, of at least 2%, in particular at least 5% , preferably at least 7%, preferably at least 10%, in particular based on the unstretched state of the sheet material (1); and / or wherein the sheet material (1), in particular in the form of a textile

Knitted goods, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, a total extensibility (total elongation), in particular determined in accordance with DIN 53835-14 and / or in particular determined at 20 N, in the longitudinal and / or transverse direction, independently of one another, of at most 50%, in particular at most 40%, preferably at most 35%, preferably at most 30%, in particular based on the unstretched state of the sheet material (1); and / or wherein the sheet material (1), in particular in the form of a textile

Knitted goods, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, a total extensibility (total elongation), in particular determined in accordance with DIN 53835-14 and / or in particular determined at 20 N, in the longitudinal and / or transverse direction, independently of one another, in the range from 2% to 50%, in particular in the range from 5% to 40%, preferably in the range from 7% to 35%, preferably in the range from 10% to 30%, in particular based on the unstretched state of the sheet material (1); and / or wherein the sheet material (1), in particular in the form of a textile

Knitwear, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, a total extensibility (total elongation), in particular determined in accordance with DIN 53835-14 and / or in particular determined at 20 N, in the longitudinal direction of at least 1%, in particular at least 1.5%, preferably at least 2%, in particular in relation to the unstretched state of the sheet material (1); and / or where the flat material (1), in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, has a total extensibility (total elongation), in particular determined in accordance with DIN 53835-14 and / or in particular determined at 20 N, in the longitudinal direction of at most 10 %, in particular at most 7%, preferably at most 5%, in particular based on the unstretched state of the sheet material 1; and / or wherein the sheet material (1), in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, has a total extensibility (total elongation), in particular determined in accordance with DIN 53835-14 and / or in particular determined at 20 N, in the longitudinal direction in the range of 1% to 10%, in particular in the range from 1.5% to 7%, preferably in the range from 2% to 5%, in particular based on the unstretched state of the sheet material (1); and or wherein the sheet material (1), in particular in the form of a textile

Knitwear, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, a total extensibility (total elongation), in particular determined in accordance with DIN 53835-14 and / or in particular determined at 20 N, in the transverse direction of at least 5%, in particular at least 10%, preferably at least 15%, in particular based on has the unstretched state of the sheet material (1); and / or wherein the sheet material (1), in particular in the form of a textile

Knitwear, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, a total extensibility (total elongation), in particular determined in accordance with DIN 53835-14 and / or in particular determined at 20 N, in the transverse direction of at most 50%, in particular at most 40%, preferably at most 35%, in particular based on has the unstretched state of the sheet material (1); and / or wherein the sheet material (1), in particular in the form of a textile

Knitwear, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, a total extensibility (total elongation), in particular determined in accordance with DIN 53835-14 and / or in particular determined at 20 N, in the transverse direction in the range from 5% to 50%, in particular in the range from 10% to 40% , preferably in the range from 15% to 35%, in particular based on the unstretched state of the sheet material (1).

22. Flat material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the flat material (1), in particular in the form of a textile

Knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, a splinter and / or ballistic protection value V50, determined according to STANAG 2920, of at least 185 m / s, in particular at least 200 m / s, preferably at least 230 m / s, preferably at least 275 m / s, particularly preferred at least 305 m / s, very particularly preferably at least 320 m / s, more preferably at least 325 m / s, even more preferably at least 330 m / s; and or wherein the flat material (1), in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, has a splinter and / or ballistic protection value V50, determined according to STANAG 2920, in a range from 185 m / s to 900 m / s, in particular in a range from 200 m / s to 800 m / s, preferably in a range from 230 m / s to 700 m / s, preferably in a range from 275 m / s to 650 m / s, particularly preferably in a range from 305 m / s s to 600 m / s, very particularly preferably in a range from 320 m / s to 575 m / s, more preferably in a range from 325 m / s to 550 m / s, even more preferably in a range of 330 m / s s to 530 m / s.

23. Flat material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the flat material (1), in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, is provided with a hydrophilic finish and / or has been subjected to flydrophilization, in particular using at least one hydrophilization agent - tel; and / or wherein the flat material (1), in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, is treated and / or equipped and / or acted upon with at least one flydrophilizing agent.

24. The sheet material according to claim 23, wherein the hydrophilization and / or the treatment and / or finishing and / or application with the flydrophilizing agent for the purpose of (i) improving and / or increasing the moisture absorption and / or the moisture transport and / or (ii) the improvement and / or the reduction of the static charge and / or the improvement and / or increase in the discharge of static charge, in particular due to friction, and / or (iii) the improvement and / or the reduction in the contamination and / or soiling and / or (iv) the improvement and / or increase in soil removal, in particular during washing and / or cleaning, has been carried out. 25. The sheet material according to claim 23 or 24, wherein the hydrophilizing agent is selected from hydrophilizing agents which (i) improve and / or increase moisture absorption and / or moisture transport and / or (ii) improve and / or reduce static charge and / or an improvement and / or an increase in the dissipation of static charging, in particular due to friction, and / or (iii) an improvement and / or a reduction in the contamination and / or soiling and / or (iv) an improvement and / or an increase effect the removal of dirt, in particular when washing and / or cleaning, in particular in relation to the flat material (1).

26. Flat material according to one of claims 23 to 25, wherein the flat material (1), in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, in particular as a result of the Flydrophilierung and / or the treatment and / or finishing and / or exposure to the Hydrophilic agent and / or in particular compared to a corresponding sheet material without hydrophilicization and / or without treatment and / or without finishing and / or without exposure to the hydrophilic agent, (i) improved and / or increased moisture absorption and / or improved and / or increased moisture transport and / or (ii) reduced static charge and / or improved and / or increased dissipation of static charge generated in particular by friction and / or (iii) reduced contamination and / or contamination and / or (iv) a has improved and / or increased dirt removal, in particular when washing and / or cleaning .

27. Sheet material according to one of claims 23 to 26, wherein the hydrophilizing agent is selected from the group of (i) polymers based on at least one unsaturated carboxylic acid, in particular polymers based on at least one unsaturated C3-C6 carboxylic acid, preferably polyacrylic acid, (ii) Copolymers of acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid and comonomers, in particular alkyl acrylates and / or methacrylates, (iii) alkoxylation products, in particular ethoxylation products (ethoxylation products), of polymers and / or of alkylphenol derivatives, in particular of polymers,

(iv) modified fluoropolymers, in particular in the form of block (co) polymers with hydrophilic sections and / or areas on the one hand and with hydrophobic sections and / or areas on the other hand, preferably with hydrophilic blocks and hydrophobic blocks, and

(v) mixtures or combinations thereof.

28. Sheet material according to one of claims 23 to 27, wherein the flydrophilization and / or the treatment and / or finishing and / or application of the hydrophilizing agent by attachment and / or application and / or generation of hydrophilic chemical groups and / or a hydrophilic coating (Film) in particular on the surface of the sheet material (1) and / or the UFIMW-PE multifilament yarn (3) and / or the UFIMW-PE individual filaments (4).

29. The sheet material according to one of claims 23 to 28, wherein the flydrophilization and / or the treatment and / or equipment and / or application of the flydrophilization agent has been carried out on the finished sheet material (1).

30. Flat material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the flat material (1), in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, a hydrophilicity, determined according to the TEGEWA test, of a maximum of 5 seconds, in particular a maximum of 4 seconds, preferably a maximum 3 seconds, preferably at most 2 seconds, particularly preferably at most 1 second.

31. Flat material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the flat material (1), in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, has a cut resistance, in particular in accordance with DIN EN 388 (Section 6.3) and / or in accordance with EN ISO 13997 of at least 1 Newton, in particular at least 2 Newtons, preferably at least 2.5 Newtons, preferably at least 2.9 Newtons; and or 32. Flat material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the flat material (1), in particular in the form of a textile

Knitwear, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, has a tear strength, in particular in accordance with DIN EN 388, of at least 11 Newtons, in particular at least 13 Newtons, preferably at least 15 Newtons.

33. Flat material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the flat material (1), in particular in the form of a textile

Knitted goods, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, in particular determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 12947-2 and / or in particular determined at 12 kPa, has an abrasion resistance of at least 100,000 cycles, in particular at least 125,000 cycles, preferably at least 150,000 cycles; and / or wherein the sheet material (1), in particular in the form of a textile

Knitted goods, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, in particular determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 12947-2 and / or in particular determined at 12 kPa, an abrasion resistance of at most 1,000,000 cycles, in particular at most 800,000 cycles, preferably at most

500,000 tours; and / or wherein the sheet material (1), in particular in the form of a textile

Knitted goods, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, in particular determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 12947-2 and / or in particular determined at 12 kPa, an abrasion resistance in the range from 100,000 tours to 1,000,000 tours, in particular in the range from 125,000 tours to

800,000 tours, preferably in the range from 150,000 tours to 500,000 tours.

34. Flat material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the flat material (1), in particular in the form of a textile

Knitwear, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, is gas-permeable, preferably air-permeable; and or wherein the flat material (1), in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, has a gas permeability, preferably air permeability, in particular determined according to

DIN EN ISO 9237 and / or in particular determined at 100 Pa, of at least 100 l / m ² -s, in particular at least 300 l / m ² -s, preferably at least 500 l / m ² -s, preferably at least 800 l / m ² -s, particularly preferably at least 1,000 l / m ² s, very particularly preferably at least 1,100 l / m ² -s; and / or wherein the flat material (1), in particular in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, has a gas permeability, preferably air permeability, in particular determined according to

DIN EN ISO 9237 and / or in particular determined at 100 Pa, in the range from 100 l / m ² -s to 5,000 l / m ² -s, in particular in the range from 300 l / m ² -s to 4,000 l / m ² - s, preferably in the range from 500 l / m ² -s to 3,500 l / m ² -s, preferably in the range from 800 l / m ² s to 3,000 l / m ² s, particularly preferably in the range from 1,000 l / m ² s to 2,500 l / m ² s, very particularly preferably in the range from 1,100 l / m ² -s to 2,000 l / m ² -s.

35. Flat material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the flat material (1), in particular in the form of a textile

Knitwear, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, is designed to be water vapor permeable; wherein the sheet material (1), in particular in the form of a textile

Knitted goods, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, a water vapor transmission resistance Ret under stationary conditions, in particular determined in accordance with ISO 11092, of at most 18 (m ² -Pascals) / watt, in particular at most 14 (m ² -Pascals) / watt, preferably at most 9 ( m ² -Pascals) / watt, particularly preferably at most 4 (m ² -Pascals) / watt; and / or wherein the sheet material (1), in particular in the form of a textile

Knitted goods, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, after washing treatment, a dimensional change in the longitudinal and / or transverse direction, independently of one another, of at most 15%, in particular at most 12%, preferably at most 10%, preferably at most 8%, in particular based on the untreated state of the Sheet material (1). 36. Flat material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the flat material (1), in particular in the form of a textile

Knitwear, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, is combined and / or brought together, in particular connected, with at least one, in particular, flat textile material.

37. Flat material according to claim 36, wherein the flat material (1), in particular in the form of a textile

Knitwear, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, and the textile material are arranged in a common plane and / or form a common plane and / or form a preferably closed plane.

38. Flat material according to claim 37, wherein the flat material (1), in particular in the form of a textile

Knitwear, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, and the textile material are each connected to one another at the edge, preferably by means of sewing and / or knitting, welding, gluing or the like, preferably by means of sewing and / or knitting.

39. Flat material according to claim 36, wherein the flat material (1), in particular in the form of a textile

Knitwear, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, and the textile material are arranged in different levels and / or one above the other and / or one on top of the other.

40. Flat material according to claim 39, wherein the flat material (1), in particular in the form of a textile

Knitted goods, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric, and the textile material are loosely arranged to one another or are connected to one another, preferably are connected to one another at the edge, preferably by means of sewing and / or knitting, welding, gluing or the like, preferably by means of sewing and / or knitting. 41. Flat material according to one of claims 36 to 40, wherein the textile material is designed to be gas-permeable, in particular air-permeable, and / or water-vapor-permeable; and / or where the textile material is a knitted fabric, in particular knitted or crocheted fabrics; Tissue; Non-woven or textile composite fabric, in particular as a knitted fabric or woven fabric, is formed; and / or wherein the textile material has a weight per unit area in the range from 60 g / m ² to 750 g / m ² , in particular in the range from 70 g / m ² to 525 g / m ² , preferably in the range from 80 g / m ² to 325 g / m ² , preferably in the range from 90 g / m ² to 275 g / m ² .

42. Sheet material according to one of claims 36 to 41, wherein the textile material is at least one type of yarn, twisted thread, thread and / or fiber selected from the group of natural substances and synthetic substances, preferably selected from the group of cotton; Wool; Linen; Polyesters; Polyolefins, polyvinyl chloride; Polyvinylidene chloride; Acetates, especially cellulose acetates; Triacetates, especially cellulose triacetates; Polyacrylic; Polyamide; Polyvinyl alcohol; Polyurethanes; Polyvinyl esters; Viscose; and mixtures or combinations thereof; and / or wherein the textile material has at least essentially no components, in particular no yarns and / or fibers and / or twists and / or threads, based on UFIMW-PE.

43. Flat material according to one of claims 36 to 42, wherein the textile material is fire-resistant and / or flame-resistant and / or wherein the textile material is at least one fire-resistant and / or flame-resistant material, in particular in the form of or as a component of a yarn and / or thread and / or thread, in particular where the fire-resistant and / or flame-resistant material is at least one aramid, in particular meta-aramid, and / or in particular where the textile material is the fire-resistant and / or flame-resistant material in an amount in the range from 1% by weight to 100% by weight, in particular 2% by weight to 95% by weight, preferably 5% by weight to 90% by weight, preferably 10% by weight to 85% by weight, based on the textile material; and / or wherein the textile material is designed to be antistatic and / or wherein the textile material has at least one antistatic material, in particular in the form of or as a component of a yarn and / or thread and / or thread; and / or wherein the textile material is designed to be elastic and / or reversibly stretchable, in particular wherein the textile material has at least one elastically and / or reversibly stretchable material, in particular in the form of or as a component of a yarn and / or thread and / or thread, in particular based on a synthetic polymer material, preferably based on a block copolymer with the components polyurethane and polyethylene glycol, and / or in particular wherein the further textile material is the elastically and / or reversibly stretchable material in an amount in the range from 1 to 25% by weight, in particular 2 to 20 % By weight, preferably 2 to 15% by weight, based on the textile material.

44. Flat material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the flat material (1), in particular in the form of the textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of the knitted fabric, and / or the textile material additionally with an adsorbent adsorbing chemical poisonous and / or warfare agents, in particular a material based on activated carbon, preferably in the form of activated carbon particles in grain form ("grain carbon") or spherical form ("spherical carbon"), is acted upon and / or equipped, in particular wherein the adsorbent is applied to the surface material ( 1) and / or the textile material is fixed.

45. Sheet material according to claim 44, wherein the mean diameter of the adsorbent particles, in particular the activated carbon particles, is 0.01 to 2 mm, preferably 0.05 to 1 mm, preferably 0.1 to 0.5 mm; and / or wherein the adsorbent particles, in particular the activated carbon particles, are used in an amount in the range from 40 to 250 g / m ² , in particular 50 to 180 g / m ² , preferably 55 to 130 g / m ² ; and or the activated carbon being obtainable by carbonization and subsequent activation of a synthetic and / or non-natural substance-based starting material, in particular based on organic polymers; and / or wherein the activated carbon is obtained from a starting material based on organic polymers, in particular based on sulfonated organic polymers, preferably based on divinylbenzene-crosslinked polystyrene, preferably based on styrene / divinylbenzene copolymers, in particular by carbonization and subsequent activation of the starting material, in particular where the divinylbenzene content in the starting material is in the range from 1% by weight to 20% by weight, in particular 1% by weight to 15% by weight, preferably 1.5% by weight to 12.5% by weight %, preferably 2% by weight to 10% by weight, based on the starting material; and / or in particular where the starting material is an ion exchange resin, in particular of the gel type, containing, in particular, sulfonated and / or sulfonic acid groups; and / or wherein a polymer-based spherical activated carbon (PBSAC; polymer-based spherical activated carbon) is used as the activated carbon and / or wherein the activated carbon is a polymer-based spherical activated carbon (PBSAC).

46. Flat material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the flat material (1), optionally together with the textile material, is part of and / or forms a protective object, in particular protective clothing and / or protective equipment.

47. Textile sheet material (fabric) (1) with splinter, stab and / or cut protection, preferably with splinter protection, in particular for use in protective clothing or protective equipment for the military and / or civilian sector, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the Textile sheet material (1) has or consists of at least one yarn system (2) forming the textile sheet material (1), in particular multifilament yarn system, the yarn system (2) consisting of or formed from at least one UFIMW-PE multifilament yarn (3) is wherein the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn (3) consists of or is formed from a plurality of at least essentially the same and / or at least essentially identical UHMW-PE individual filaments (4), the UHMW-PE individual filaments (4) to form the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn (3) connected to one another and / or combined with one another and / or brought together and / or summarized, in particular twisted and / or twisted (twisted), are, preferably by twisting (twisting together) the UHMW-PE Individual filaments (4) with one another, the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn (3) consisting of 5 to 500 UHMW-PE individual filaments (4), in particular 10 to 400 UHMW-PE individual filaments (4), preferably 20 to 300 UHMW- PE single filaments (4), preferably 40 to 200 UHMW-PE single filaments (4), particularly preferably 60 to 160 UHMW-PE single filaments (4), very particularly preferably 80 to 120 UHMW-PE single filaments (4) or is formed therefrom and / or where di e UHMW-PE single filaments (4) each have a titer (fineness) in the range from 0.2 dtex to 30 dtex, in particular in the range from 0.5 dtex to 10 dtex, preferably in the range from 0.8 dtex to 5 dtex, preferably in the range from 1 dtex to 3 dtex, particularly preferably in the range from 1.2 dtex to 2.8 dtex, very particularly preferably in the range from 1.5 dtex to 2.5 dtex, and where the UHMW-PE Multifilament yarn (3) has a titer (fineness, yarn fineness) of at least 150 dtex.

48. Textile sheet material (fabric) (1) with splinter, stab and / or cut protection, preferably with splinter protection, in particular for use in protective clothing or protective equipment for the military and / or civilian sector, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the textile sheet material (1) has or consists of at least one yarn system (2) forming the textile sheet material (1), in particular multifilament yarn system, the yarn system (2) consisting of or being formed from at least one UHMW-PE multifilament yarn (3), wherein the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn (3) consists of or is formed from a plurality of at least essentially the same and / or at least essentially identical UHMW-PE individual filaments (4), the UHMW-PE individual filaments (4) to form the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn (3) connected to one another and / or combined with one another and / or brought together and / or summarized, in particular twisted and / or twisted (twisted), are, preferably by twisting (twisting together) the UHMW-PE Individual filaments (4) with one another, the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn (3) consisting of 5 to 500 UHMW-PE individual filaments (4), in particular 10 to 400 UHMW-PE individual filaments (4), preferably 20 to 300 UHMW-PE Single filaments (4), preferably 40 to 200 UHMW-PE single filaments (4), particularly preferably 60 to 160 UHMW-PE single filaments (4), very particularly preferably 80 to 120 UHMW-PE single filaments (4) is formed and / or wherein the UHMW-PE single filaments (4) each have a titer (fineness) in the range from 0.2 dtex to 30 dtex, in particular in the range from 0.5 dtex to 10 dtex, preferably in the range from 0.8 dtex to 5 dtex, preferred in the range from 1 dtex to 3 dtex, particularly preferably in the range from 1.2 dtex to 2.8 dtex, very particularly preferably in the range from 1.5 dtex to 2.5 dtex, the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn ( 3) has a linear density (fineness, yarn fineness) of at least 150 dtex and wherein the flat material (1) and / or the yarn system (2) is in the form of a textile knitted fabric, in particular as a knitted fabric and / or a knitted fabric, preferably a knitted fabric , wherein the sheet material (1) and / or the yarn system (2) has a plurality of meshes (5) on the one hand and optionally at least one different binding element (6) on the other hand, the binding element (6) being selected from the group of Henkel, Float (float), weft, partial weft and standing fade n, preferably handle and floating (floating). 49. Protective object, in particular protective clothing or protective equipment, with splinter, stab and / or cut protection, preferably with splinter protection, in particular for the military and / or civil sector, the protected object being at least one textile sheet material (1), as in one of the claims 1 to 48 defines, includes or consists of; and / or wherein the subject of protection is produced using a flat textile material (1) as defined in one of claims 1 to 48, and / or having a flat textile material (1) as defined in one of claims 1 to 48; and / or wherein the flat textile material (1) is in the form of a textile knitted fabric, preferably in the form of a knitted fabric; and / or wherein the sheet material (1) has a plurality of meshes (5) on the one hand and optionally at least one different binding element (6) on the other hand, wherein the binding element (6) is selected from the group of flanks, floats, weft , Partial weft and standing thread, preferably flank and float (float).

50. Protective object, in particular protective clothing or protective equipment, with splinter, stab and / or cut protection, preferably with splinter protection, in particular for the military and / or civilian sector, in particular as defined in claim 49, wherein the protected object is at least one textile sheet material (1 ) comprises or consists of, the surface material having or consisting of at least one yarn system (2) forming the textile surface material (1), in particular a multifilament yarn system, the yarn system (2) consisting of at least one UFIMW-PE multifilament yarn (3) or is formed therefrom, wherein the UFIMW-PE multifilament yarn (3) consists of or is formed from a plurality of at least substantially the same and / or at least substantially identical UFIMW-PE individual filaments (4), the UFIMW-PE Individual filaments (4) for forming the UFIMW-PE multifilament yarn (3) connected to one another and / or to one another combined and / or brought together and / or summarized, in particular twisted and / or twisted (twisted), are, preferably by twisting (twisting together) the UHMW-PE individual filaments (4) with one another, and wherein the UHMW-PE multifilament yarn (3) has a linear density (fineness, yarn fineness) of at least 150 dtex.

51. Protective object according to claim 50, wherein the sheet material (1) is designed as defined in one of claims 1 to 48.

52. Subject of protection according to one of Claims 49 to 51, the sheet material (1) being arranged in regions and / or sections in the subject of protection; and / or wherein the protected object is formed in areas and / or in sections by the sheet material (1).

53. The subject of protection according to one of claims 49 to 52, wherein the sheet material (1), in particular at least in sections and / or areas or in particular over the entire surface, is arranged in a single layer in the subject of protection; and / or wherein the sheet material (1), in particular at least in sections and / or areas or in particular over the entire surface, in multiple layers, preferably in two layers, three layers, four layers or more, is arranged in the protected object, in particular with the individual layers of a respective and / or separate sheet material (1) are formed.

54. Subject of protection according to one of claims 49 to 53, wherein the subject of protection also has a particularly flat textile material, in particular as defined in one of claims 36 to 44; and / or where the textile material is a knitted fabric, in particular knitted or crocheted fabrics; Tissue; Non-woven fabric or textile composite fabric, in particular as a knitted fabric or woven fabric, is formed. 55. Subject matter of protection according to claim 54, wherein the flat material (1) is combined and / or brought together, in particular connected, with the textile material.

56. Subject matter of protection according to claim 54 or 55, wherein the flat material (1) and the textile material are arranged in a common plane and / or form a common plane and / or form a preferably closed plane; and / or wherein the flat material (1) and the textile material are each connected to one another at the edge, preferably by means of sewing, welding, gluing or the like, preferably by means of sewing and / or knitting.

57. Subject matter of protection according to claim 54 or 55, wherein the flat material (1) and the textile material are arranged in different planes and / or one above the other and / or one on top of the other; and / or wherein the sheet material (1) and the textile material are loosely arranged to one another or are connected to one another, preferably are connected to one another at the edges, preferably by means of sewing, welding, gluing or the like, preferably by means of sewing and / or knitting.

58. Protective object according to one of claims 49 to 57, wherein the textile material is gas-permeable, in particular air-permeable, and / or water-vapor-permeable; and / or where the textile material is a knitted fabric, in particular knitted or crocheted fabrics; Tissue; Non-woven fabric or textile composite fabric, in particular as a knitted fabric or woven fabric, is formed 59. Protective object according to one of claims 49 to 58, wherein the protected object and / or the sheet material (1) and / or the textile material additionally with an adsorbent adsorbing chemical poisonous and / or warfare agents, in particular a material based on activated carbon, preferably in In the form of activated carbon particles in grain form ("grain carbon") or spherical form ("spherical carbon"), acted upon and / or equipped, in particular wherein the adsorbent is applied to the object to be protected and / or the sheet material (1) by means of an adhesive that is in particular discontinuously, preferably point-like, applied and / or is fixed to the textile material.

60. Protective object according to one of claims 49 to 59, wherein the protective object is designed as protective clothing, in particular in the form of a protective suit; protective trousers, in particular protective underpants or protective overpants; a protective shirt, in particular a protective undershirt or protective shirt; a protective vest; a protective glove; a protective footwear; a protective sock; protective headwear or the like; and / or wherein the protective article as protective clothing in the form of

Underwear and / or outerwear is formed; and / or wherein the protective clothing is designed as an item of clothing for people.

61. The subject of protection according to claim 60, wherein the sheet material (1) in the worn state extends over the area of the thigh, in particular the front, inner and / or rear thigh, preferably the front and / or inner thigh; the loin; the genitals; the anal and / or perineum region; of the lower leg, in particular the front, inner and / or rear lower leg, preferably the front and / or inner lower leg; of the knee and / or the hollow of the knee; the lower abdomen and / or the bladder and urinary tract; the lower back and / or the renal pelvis; of the torso, especially the lateral and / or rear torso; of the upper and / or forearm; the bend and / or the elbow; the shoulder; of the flals; especially the lower part of the face; the Fland, in particular the back of the hand; and / or of the wrist and / or the aforementioned areas are at least partially covered when the protective clothing is worn and / or are arranged in the aforementioned areas when the protective clothing is worn.

62. Protective object according to one of claims 49 to 59, wherein the protective object is designed as protective equipment, preferably for protection and / or for covering or covering and / or for lining objects, in particular wherein the protective equipment is in the form of a flat and / or two-dimensional Structure, preferably in the form of a large-area coherent, in particular one-piece structure, preferably in the form of a cover, a cloth, a sheet, a blanket, a tarpaulin, a mat or the like.

63. The subject of protection according to claim 62, wherein the subject has a defined physical extent and / or a defined shape; and / or wherein the item is a technical item; and / or wherein the item is a mechanical and / or electronic item; and / or wherein the object is a civil or military object, in particular a military object, preferably a technical-military, mechanical-military and / or electronic-military object; and / or where the item is selected from the group of military items and military equipment, preferably from the group of military equipment items and / or military equipment, and / or where the item is selected from the group of preferably military vehicles, machines, weapons , Ammunition, spare parts, electronic objects, accessories, systems, facilities, equipment or the like; and / or wherein the protective material is adapted to the physical size and / or shape of the object; and or wherein the protective material is not designed as an item of clothing for people.

64. Subject of protection according to claim 62 or 63, wherein the protective material, in particular in use and / or

Application state, is arranged on the outside of the object; and / or wherein the protective material, in particular in use and / or

Application state, the object partially or at least substantially completely, preferably completely, covers and / or covers; and / or wherein the protective material is reversibly and / or not permanently (not permanently), preferably removably, connected to the object.

65. Protective article according to claim 62 or 63, wherein the protective material is integrated into the article; and / or wherein the protective material forms a lining of the article; and / or wherein the protective material is a component of the article; and / or wherein the protective material and the object form a unit; and / or wherein the protective material is in particular firmly and / or permanently (permanently) connected to the object, in particular sewn, welded, laminated and / or glued; and / or wherein the protective material is connected to the object at least essentially over the entire surface; and / or wherein the protective material is connected to the object at least in sections, in particular punctiform, linear and / or grid-shaped. 66. The subject of protection according to one of claims 49 to 65, wherein the subject of protection has at least one splinter protection element, in particular for the formation and / or provision of a complementary and / or supplementary and / or individually adaptable splinter, stab and / or cut protection, preferably splinter protection .

67. The subject of protection according to claim 66, wherein the splinter protection element comprises or is formed from at least one flat material (1); and / or wherein the flat material (1) is arranged in a single layer in the splinter protection element, in particular at least in sections and / or regions or in particular over the entire surface; and / or wherein the sheet material (1), in particular at least in sections and / or areas or in particular over the entire surface, multi-layer, preferably two-layer, three-layer, four-layer, eight-layer, sixteen-layer or more, preferably four-layer, is arranged in the splinter protection element, in particular with the individual Layers are formed from a respective and / or separate sheet material (1).

68. Protective object according to claim 66 or 67, wherein the splinter protection element is detachably and / or removably and / or detachably connected to the protected object, in particular wherein the splinter protection element can be introduced into a receiving device, in particular a receiving pocket, of the protected object.

69. Use of at least one flat material (1), as defined in one of claims 1 to 48, for providing and / or increasing protection against splinters, punctures and / or cuts, preferably splinter protection, for objects of protection, in particular protective clothing and / or protective equipment, preferably for the military and / or civil sector. 70. A method for providing and / or increasing protection against splinters, stabs and / or cuts, preferably splinter protection, for objects of protection, in particular protective clothing and / or protective equipment, preferably for the military and / or civilian sector, with at least one sheet material (1) , as defined in one of claims 1 to 48, is used for the formation and / or production of the sheet material (1) and / or is integrated into the sheet material (1).