WO2021042681A1 - 气囊垫组件、智能防压疮坐垫以及监护系统 - Google Patents

气囊垫组件、智能防压疮坐垫以及监护系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021042681A1
WO2021042681A1 PCT/CN2020/077061 CN2020077061W WO2021042681A1 WO 2021042681 A1 WO2021042681 A1 WO 2021042681A1 CN 2020077061 W CN2020077061 W CN 2020077061W WO 2021042681 A1 WO2021042681 A1 WO 2021042681A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
airbag
airbag cushion
cushion
deflation
inflation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/077061
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
路如旃
王珏
刘天
苏红宏
陆明松
朱方方
范立涛
尤勇
潘云光
吴亚健
尤启航
Original Assignee
上海创始实业（集团）有限公司
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Application filed by 上海创始实业（集团）有限公司 filed Critical 上海创始实业（集团）有限公司
Priority to US16/977,092 priority Critical patent/US11793700B2/en
Publication of WO2021042681A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021042681A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G7/00—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
    • A61G7/05—Parts, details or accessories of beds
    • A61G7/057—Arrangements for preventing bed-sores or for supporting patients with burns, e.g. mattresses specially adapted therefor
    • A61G7/05769—Arrangements for preventing bed-sores or for supporting patients with burns, e.g. mattresses specially adapted therefor with inflatable chambers
    • A61G7/05776—Arrangements for preventing bed-sores or for supporting patients with burns, e.g. mattresses specially adapted therefor with inflatable chambers with at least two groups of alternately inflated chambers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/10—Parts, details or accessories
    • A61G5/1043—Cushions specially adapted for wheelchairs
    • A61G5/1045—Cushions specially adapted for wheelchairs for the seat portion
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G7/00—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
    • A61G7/05—Parts, details or accessories of beds
    • A61G7/057—Arrangements for preventing bed-sores or for supporting patients with burns, e.g. mattresses specially adapted therefor
    • A61G7/05769—Arrangements for preventing bed-sores or for supporting patients with burns, e.g. mattresses specially adapted therefor with inflatable chambers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G7/00—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
    • A61G7/05—Parts, details or accessories of beds
    • A61G7/057—Arrangements for preventing bed-sores or for supporting patients with burns, e.g. mattresses specially adapted therefor
    • A61G7/05784—Arrangements for preventing bed-sores or for supporting patients with burns, e.g. mattresses specially adapted therefor with ventilating means, e.g. mattress or cushion with ventilating holes or ventilators
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G2203/00—General characteristics of devices
    • A61G2203/30—General characteristics of devices characterised by sensor means
    • A61G2203/34—General characteristics of devices characterised by sensor means for pressure
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G2203/00—General characteristics of devices
    • A61G2203/30—General characteristics of devices characterised by sensor means
    • A61G2203/44—General characteristics of devices characterised by sensor means for weight
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G2203/00—General characteristics of devices
    • A61G2203/30—General characteristics of devices characterised by sensor means
    • A61G2203/46—General characteristics of devices characterised by sensor means for temperature

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to an airbag cushion assembly, an intelligent anti-pressure sore cushion and a monitoring system.
  • Pressure ulcers also known as bedsores or pressure ulcers, refer to the long-term pressure on local tissues of the body or the stimulation of long-term physical and chemical factors that cause neurotrophic disorders and blood circulation disorders, and the continuous ischemia, hypoxia, and malnutrition of local tissues cause the skin Loss of normal function, leading to soft tissue degeneration, ulceration and necrosis. It is the tissue damage caused by the partial pressure on the human body and the duration of the pressure exceeds a certain limit.
  • An airbag cushion assembly comprising an airbag cushion and an inflator connected with the airbag cushion;
  • the airbag cushion includes a plurality of sub-airbags, and there is an airbag gap between adjacent sub-airbags;
  • the inflation and deflation device is provided with an exhaust port located at the gap of the airbag, and the inflation and deflation device is used to inflate and deflate the airbag cushion.
  • the charging and discharging device includes an air pump, a charging and discharging pipe, and an exhaust pipe provided with the exhaust port;
  • the air pump communicates with the airbag cushion through the inflation and deflation pipeline, and is used to inflate and deflate the airbag cushion;
  • the exhaust duct is arranged in the airbag gap, and the inflation and exhaust ducts communicate with the external environment through the exhaust duct.
  • the airbag cushion has a first-direction airbag gap and a second-direction airbag gap that are arranged crosswise;
  • the exhaust pipe is provided with a plurality of the exhaust ports
  • the exhaust duct is provided in the first direction airbag gap and/or the second direction airbag gap, and the exhaust port is provided at the intersection of the first direction airbag gap and the second direction airbag gap Place.
  • the charging and discharging device further includes a first switch mechanism, and the first switch mechanism is arranged on the exhaust pipe;
  • the first switch mechanism is used to conduct or disconnect the communication between the airbag cushion and the exhaust duct.
  • the inflator and deflation device further includes a second switch mechanism for connecting the air pump with the airbag cushion and the external environment, respectively, so that the air pump can pass through the air pump.
  • the second switch mechanism inflates or deflates the airbag cushion.
  • the second switch mechanism includes a first three-way valve and a second three-way valve, and the second switch mechanism has a first state and a second state;
  • the first three-way valve connects the air pump with the external environment
  • the second three-way valve connects the air pump with the airbag cushion
  • the inflation and deflation device is in an inflated state
  • the first three-way valve connects the air pump with the airbag cushion
  • the second three-way valve connects the air pump with the exhaust pipe
  • the inflator In a state of discouragement.
  • the airbag cushion includes an inflatable and deflating airbag area, and the inflatable and deflating airbag area includes a plurality of airbag sub-regions that are not connected to each other;
  • the inflating and deflating device further includes a motor and a motor The switching valve is connected, and the motor is used to drive the switching valve to connect the air pump with each of the airbag sub-regions.
  • the switching valve includes a main port and a plurality of secondary ports
  • the gas filling and venting pipe includes a main pipe communicating with the main port and a secondary pipe communicating with the secondary port;
  • the main port of the switching valve communicates with the air pump through a main pipeline, and each of the secondary ports of the switching valve communicates with the corresponding airbag subregion through the secondary pipeline.
  • An intelligent anti-pressure sore cushion comprising the airbag cushion assembly, an environmental monitoring device, and a control device as described above; the airbag cushion assembly and the environmental monitoring device are respectively connected to the control device;
  • the environmental monitoring device is used to collect environmental information
  • the control device is used for controlling the inflation and deflation device to perform inflation and deflation according to environmental information.
  • the environmental monitoring device includes at least one of a weight sensor, an air pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, and a humidity sensor.
  • it further includes a vital sign monitoring device connected to the control device for monitoring the vital sign information of the patient and sending the vital sign information to the control device;
  • the vital signs information controls the airbag cushion assembly.
  • a monitoring system including the above-mentioned intelligent anti-pressure sore cushion and external equipment;
  • the intelligent anti-pressure sore cushion is connected to the external device
  • the intelligent anti-pressure sore cushion sends the environmental information to the external device
  • the external device controls the intelligent anti-pressure sore cushion according to the environmental information.
  • the above-mentioned airbag cushion assembly, intelligent anti-pressure sore cushion and monitoring system are provided with the exhaust port of the inflation and deflation device at the airbag gap of the airbag cushion.
  • the airbag cushion When the airbag cushion is deflated, the gas is discharged from the exhaust port and taken away through the airbag gap The moisture accumulated between the patient and the airbag cushion reduces the humidity of the contact part between the patient and the airbag cushion, thereby achieving the effect of preventing pressure sores.
  • Figure 1 is a system structure diagram of an intelligent anti-pressure sore cushion in an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a system structure diagram of the specific structure of the intelligent anti-pressure sore cushion in Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a regional division diagram of the airbag cushion in Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a regional structure diagram of the intelligent anti-pressure sore cushion of Figure 1;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a passive deflation mode in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of an active deflation method in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is an exploded view of the structure of the switching valve in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stator and the rotor in Fig. 7;
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a process of inflating and deflating a smart anti-pressure sore cushion in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a flow chart of air pressure adjustment of an intelligent anti-pressure sore cushion in an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a monitoring system in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Pressure ulcers are a common complication in rehabilitation medicine. They are non-primary. Most of them are injury pressure ulcers caused by other primary diseases without good care. They are prone to long-term bed rest, physical weakness, inconvenience to turn over, and limbs. Feeling impaired. For pressure ulcers, prevention is more important than treatment. Full attention to prevention can completely prevent its occurrence; once a pressure ulcer has formed, the treatment will consume a lot of manpower, material resources, and financial resources, and it will also affect the treatment of major diseases.
  • the method of preventing pressure ulcers is mainly to regularly decompress the severely stressed parts, including: (1) turning over or changing positions regularly; (2) gentle massage of local tissues; (3) keeping the skin clean and dry. According to its prevention method, it takes a lot of time for nursing staff, and our country has insufficient nursing resources. Nursing measures are often taken when patients have pressure ulcers instead of using nursing procedures to find and solve patient problems.
  • the present invention provides an airbag cushion assembly, which is used to adjust the temperature and humidity of the contact part between the patient and the airbag cushion 300.
  • the airbag cushion assembly includes an airbag cushion 300 and an inflator 400 communicating with the airbag cushion 300.
  • the airbag cushion 300 includes a plurality of sub-airbags 310 with airbag gaps between adjacent sub-airbags 310.
  • the inflation and deflation device 400 is used to inflate and deflate the airbag cushion 300. It can be understood that the cross-section of the sub-airbag 310 may be any one of a triangle, a quadrilateral, a pentagon, or a hexagon.
  • the inflation and deflation device 400 is provided with an exhaust port 431, which is located at the airbag gap.
  • the discharged airflow takes away the moisture deposited between the patient and the airbag cushion 300 through the airbag gap, so that the contact between the patient and the airbag cushion 300 The humidity drops.
  • the gas charging and deflating device 400 is externally connected with a power supply device 600, and the power supply device 600 provides operating power for the gas charging and deflating device 400.
  • the charging and discharging device 400 includes an air pump 410, a charging and discharging duct 420 and an exhaust duct 430.
  • the air pump 410 communicates with the airbag cushion 300 through the inflation and deflation pipeline 420, and is used to inflate and deflate the airbag cushion 300.
  • the exhaust duct 430 is provided with an exhaust port 431, the exhaust duct 430 is arranged in the airbag gap, the airbag cushion 300 is connected to the exhaust duct 430 through the inflation and deflation duct 420, and the exhaust duct 430 is connected to the external environment.
  • the air outlet of the air pump 410 is communicated with the inflation and deflation pipeline 420 to deliver the gas into the airbag cushion 300.
  • the exhaust duct 430 is in communication with the airbag cushion 300 through the inflation and deflation duct 420, and when the airbag cushion 300 is deflated, the gas in the airbag cushion 300 is discharged to the external environment through the exhaust duct 430.
  • the airbag cushion 300 has a first-direction airbag gap and a second-direction airbag gap intersectingly arranged; the exhaust duct 430 is provided with a plurality of exhaust ports 431; the exhaust duct 430 is provided in the first direction airbag gap and/or the second direction For the airbag gap, the exhaust port 431 is provided at the intersection of the airbag gap in the first direction and the airbag gap in the second direction.
  • the airbag gap in the first direction is a lateral airbag gap
  • the airbag gap in the second direction is a vertical airbag gap.
  • the exhaust duct 430 extends into the lateral airbag gap and/or the vertical airbag gap, and the exhaust port 431 is arranged at At the intersection of the lateral airbag gap and the vertical airbag gap.
  • the exhaust pipe 430 is a rigid pipe, and the exhaust pipe 430 is linearly located in the vertical airbag gap of the airbag cushion 300, and an exhaust port 431 is provided at a position where it intersects each lateral airbag gap. It can be understood that the exhaust duct 430 may also be linearly located in the lateral airbag gap of the airbag cushion 300, and an exhaust port 431 is provided at a position where it intersects with each vertical airbag gap.
  • the exhaust duct 430 may also be distributed in the lateral airbag gap and the vertical airbag gap in a bent shape.
  • the exhaust port 431 When the airbag cushion 300 is vented, the exhaust port 431 is placed in the airbag gap, and the discharged gas is blown toward the part where the patient is in contact with the airbag cushion 300, or the discharged gas is blown toward the edge of the airbag cushion 300 along the airbag gap.
  • the high-temperature and high-humidity gas between the patient and the airbag cushion 300 is taken away. It is also possible to control the temperature and humidity of the exhaust gas by controlling the temperature and humidity of the intake gas of the air pump 410, so as to control the temperature and humidity of the airbag cushion 300.
  • the air vent 431 is provided at the airbag gap of the airbag cushion 300 to take away the moisture accumulated between the patient and the airbag cushion 300, thereby reducing the humidity of the contact part between the patient and the airbag cushion 300, thereby achieving the effect of preventing pressure sores.
  • the inflating and deflating device 400 further includes an air inlet pipe 470 which is in communication with the air inlet of the air pump 410, and the air pump 410 injects external air into the airbag cushion 300 through the air inlet pipe 470. It can be understood that the air pump 410 may also directly input the external air into the airbag cushion 300 through the air inlet without the air inlet pipe 470.
  • the inflation and deflation device 400 includes at least one of a passive deflation structure and an active deflation structure.
  • the inflation and deflation device 400 adopts a passive deflation structure. Passive deflation uses the principle that the pressure in the regional airbag is stronger than the ambient air pressure, so that the air in the airbag is discharged.
  • the specific structure of the passive deflation is as follows: the inflation and deflation device 400 further includes a first switch mechanism 460, the first switch mechanism 460 is arranged on the exhaust duct 430, the first switch mechanism 460 is used to conduct or disconnect the airbag cushion 300 and the exhaust The communication between the pipes 430.
  • the first switch mechanism 460 is an on-off valve, and by controlling the opening or closing of the on-off valve, the charging and discharging pipe 420 is connected or disconnected from the exhaust pipe 430.
  • the on-off valve has a first valve port and a second valve port, the first valve port is connected to the charging and discharging pipe 420, and the second valve port is connected to the exhaust pipe 430.
  • the on-off valve When the on-off valve is opened, the pressure of the gas in the airbag cushion 300 is stronger than the ambient air pressure, so that the gas in the airbag is discharged; when the on-off valve is closed, the gas in the airbag cushion 300 is prevented from being discharged.
  • the inflation and deflation device 400 adopts an active deflation structure. Active air venting uses the logic of the air inlet and air outlet of the air pump 410 to cooperate with the three-way valve to achieve active air exhaust. The air pump 410 extracts the air in the airbag cushion 300 to accelerate the air venting speed.
  • the specific structure of the active deflation is as follows: the inflation and deflation device 400 further includes a second switch mechanism 480 for connecting the air pump 410 with the airbag cushion 300 and the external environment, respectively.
  • the second switch mechanism 480 is used to connect the air pump 410 to the intake pipe 470 and the external environment, to the switching valve 450 and the airbag cushion 300, or to connect the air pump 410 to the switching valve 450 and the airbag cushion 300 to discharge
  • the air pipe 430 communicates with the external environment, so that the air pump 410 can inflate or deflate the airbag cushion 300 through the second switch mechanism 480.
  • the second switch mechanism 480 includes a first three-way valve 481 and a second three-way valve 482, and the second switch mechanism 480 has a first state and a second state.
  • the first three-way valve connects the air pump 410 with the external environment, and the second three-way valve connects the air pump 410 with the airbag cushion 300, and the inflator 400 is in an inflated state; in the second state, the first three-way valve connects the air pump 410 with the airbag cushion 300.
  • a three-way valve connects the air pump 410 with the airbag cushion 300, a second three-way valve connects the air pump 410 with the exhaust pipe 430, and the inflator 400 is in a deflated state.
  • the first three-way valve 481 and the second three-way valve 482 each have a first valve port, a second valve port, and a third valve port.
  • the charging and discharging duct 420 includes a first charging and discharging duct 421, a second charging and discharging duct 422, and a third charging and discharging duct 423.
  • the first valve port of the first three-way valve 481 is in communication with the first charging and discharging duct 421, the second valve port is in communication with the third charging and discharging duct 423, and the third valve port is in communication with the air inlet duct 470.
  • the first valve port of the second three-way valve 482 is in communication with the second charging and discharging pipe 422, the second valve port is in communication with the exhaust pipe 430, and the third valve port is in communication with the third charging and discharging pipe 423.
  • the first three-way valve 481 connects the first charging and venting pipe 421 with the intake pipe 470
  • the second three-way valve 482 connects the second charging and venting pipe 422 with the third charging pipe 470.
  • the deflation duct 423 is connected, and the inflation and deflation device 400 is in an inflated state to inflate the airbag cushion 300; when the second switch mechanism 480 is in the second state, the first three-way valve 481 connects the first inflation and deflation duct 421 with the third inflator The deflation duct 423 is connected, the second three-way valve 482 connects the second inflation and deflation duct 422 with the exhaust duct 430, and the inflation and deflation device 400 is in a deflation state to deflate the airbag cushion 300.
  • the first three-way valve 481 and the second three-way valve 482 are two-position three-way solenoid valves, both of which have two states of energization and de-energization.
  • the inflator and deflation device 400 inflates the airbag cushion 300; when the first three-way valve 481 and the second three-way valve 482 are in an off state, the inflator and deflation device 400 deflates the airbag cushion 300.
  • the airbag cushion 300 includes: an inflatable and deflating airbag area and a non-inflating and deflating airbag area; the inflatable and deflating airbag area includes a plurality of airbag sub-regions that are not connected to each other, and the multiple airbag sub-regions are respectively connected with the inflating and deflating device 400 pipes.
  • the charging and discharging device 400 further includes a motor 440 and a switching valve 450 connected to the motor 440.
  • the switching valve 450 includes a main port 455 and a plurality of secondary ports 456.
  • the charging and discharging pipe 420 includes a main pipe (not shown) and a plurality of auxiliary pipes ( (Not shown), the main port 455 of the switching valve 450 is in communication with the main pipeline, and each secondary port 456 of the switching valve 450 is in communication with the corresponding auxiliary pipeline.
  • the main port 455 of the switching valve 450 communicates with the air pump 410 through the main pipeline
  • each secondary port 456 of the switching valve 450 communicates with the corresponding airbag subregion through the secondary pipeline
  • the switching valve 450 is driven by the motor 440 to connect the main port 455 with Different secondary ports 456 are connected to realize the communication between the air pump 410 and the corresponding airbag sub-regions, thereby facilitating inflating and deflating different airbag sub-regions, and reducing power consumption, volume and weight.
  • the airbag cushion assembly connects the air pump 410 with different airbag subregions to inflate and deflate each airbag subregion, thereby adjusting the air pressure of each airbag subregion, so that the subbag 310 of the airbag cushion region contacting the buttocks equally divides the weight of the patient .
  • the airbag cushion assembly is connected to the control device 200.
  • the control device 200 is provided with an air pressure sensor for collecting the air pressure of the inflation and deflation pipe 420.
  • the control device 200 is electrically connected to the motor 440 and the air pump 410.
  • the control device 200 The air pressure collected by the sensor adjusts the gas delivery rate of the air pump 410, and/or controls the motor 440 to drive the switching valve 450 to connect the air pump 410 with the corresponding air bag sub-areas to adjust the air pressure of each air bag sub-areas.
  • the switching valve 450 includes a stator 451, a rotor 452, a connector 453 and a housing 454.
  • One end of the housing 454 is connected to the stator 451, and the motor 440 shaft passes through the other end of the housing 454 to connect to the connector 453.
  • the housing 454 and the stator 451 form a receiving cavity to accommodate the rotor 452 and the connecting member 453, and the stator 451 and the rotor 452 abut against each other.
  • the housing 454 further includes a sealing element, the sealing element is sleeved on the outside of the connecting element 453, the rotor 452 is fixedly connected to the connecting element 453, and the sealing element presses the rotor 452 to increase air tightness.
  • the stator 451 and the rotor 452 are made of metal materials, but are not limited thereto.
  • the stator 451 is provided with a main through hole 4511 and a plurality of secondary through holes 4512.
  • the main through hole 4511 communicates with the main port 455, the secondary through hole 4512 communicates with the secondary port 456, and the multiple secondary through holes 4512 are provided in the main through hole 4512.
  • the main through hole 4511 and each secondary through hole 4512 have built-in threads and are parallel. Both the main through hole 4511 and the secondary through hole 4512 have the function of air intake and air exhaust.
  • the rotor 452 is provided with a communication channel 4521 for connecting the main through hole 4511 and the auxiliary through hole 4512, and the communication channel 4521 may be a groove or a hole structure.
  • the motor 440 drives the rotor 452 to rotate through the connecting member 453.
  • the communication channel 4521 of the rotor 452 can connect the main through hole 4511 of the stator 451 with different secondary through holes 4512, thereby inflating and deflating different airbag sub-regions of the airbag cushion 300.
  • the inflator 400 is inflated, the side of the rotor 452 on the side close to the stator 451 and the side close to the connecting member 453 are both under high-pressure gas, and the pressures cancel each other out, reducing the requirements for structural sealing.
  • the inflating and deflating device 400 only needs one switching valve 450 to perform inflation and deflation on multiple airbag sub-regions of the inflatable and deflating airbag region, thereby reducing the power consumption, volume and weight of the inflating and deflating device 400.
  • the main through hole 4511 and the secondary through hole 4512 of the stator 451 form an included angle of 30 degrees. It can be understood that the included angle may also be 60 degrees, 90 degrees, 120 degrees, 150 degrees, 180 degrees or other degrees.
  • the exhaust port 431 of the exhaust duct 430 is arranged in the airbag gap.
  • the airbag cushion 300 is deflated, the gas is discharged from the exhaust port 431, and the siltation is carried away between the patient and the airbag cushion 300 through the airbag gap. Therefore, the humidity of the contact part between the patient and the airbag cushion 300 decreases, thereby achieving the effect of preventing pressure sores.
  • the present invention provides an intelligent anti-pressure ulcer cushion 10, which allows a patient to sit on the intelligent anti-pressure ulcer cushion 10, adjusts the air pressure in the inflatable airbag area of the airbag cushion 300 according to environmental information, and exerts force on the local tissues of the patient Make adjustments to prevent pressure sores.
  • the intelligent anti-pressure sore cushion 10 includes the airbag cushion assembly, the environmental monitoring device 100 and the control device 200 as described above.
  • the airbag cushion assembly includes the airbag cushion 300 and the inflation and deflation device 400 connected to the airbag cushion 300.
  • the airbag cushion 300 is in pipeline communication with the inflator and deflation device 400, the inflator and deflation device 400 and the environmental monitoring device 100 are respectively electrically connected to the control device 200, and the inflator and deflation device 400 and the control device 200 are housed in the airbag cushion 300.
  • the environmental monitoring device 100 is used to collect environmental information and send the environmental information to the control device 200
  • the control device 200 is used to control the inflation and deflation device 400 to perform inflation or deflation according to the environmental information.
  • the control device 200 includes a detection module 220 connected to the environmental monitoring device 100, and the detection module 220 is used to analyze the environmental information sent by the environmental monitoring device 100.
  • the control device 200 analyzes the environmental information to determine whether the environmental information is within a preset range, and if it exceeds the preset range, the control device 200 controls the inflating and deflating device 400 to inflate or deflate the airbag cushion 300, or The frequency of inflation and deflation of the airbag cushion 300 is adjusted; if it is within a preset range, the control device 200 controls the inflation and deflation device 400 to stop inflation or deflation, or inflate or deflate the airbag cushion 300 at a preset frequency.
  • the environment monitoring device 100 includes at least one of a weight sensor, an air pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, and a humidity sensor.
  • the environmental information is the weight of the patient detected by the weight sensor
  • the air pressure sensor detects the air pressure in the airbag cushion 300
  • the temperature sensor detects the air temperature between the patient and the airbag cushion 300
  • the humidity sensor detects the patient and the airbag.
  • the environmental monitoring device 100 further includes a gyroscope, which is used to detect the direction angle of the intelligent anti-pressure sore cushion 10 to determine the sitting posture of the patient.
  • the airbag cushion 300 is in pipeline communication with the inflation and deflation device 400, the inflation and deflation device 400 is electrically connected to the control device 200, and the inflation and deflation device 400 is used to inflate and deflate the airbag cushion 300 according to the control of the control device 200.
  • the airbag cushion 300 includes a plurality of sub-airbags 310, and the inflation and deflation device 400 is connected with the plurality of sub-airbags 310 to inflate or deflate the plurality of sub-airbags 310.
  • the height of the airbag in each airbag sub-region is different, and the surface of the airbag cushion 300 is uneven after being filled with air.
  • the height design of the airbag cushion 300 conforms to the pressure distribution between the human buttocks and the airbag cushion 300.
  • the environmental monitoring device 100 is a weight sensor and an air pressure sensor, used to collect the weight information of the patient and the air pressure of the sub-airbag 310, and the control device 200 analyzes the weight information to obtain the target of each sub-airbag 310 corresponding to the weight information.
  • the inflator 400 is controlled by the control device 200 to inflate and deflate the airbag cushion 300, and the air pressure in the airbag cushion 300 is adjusted to the corresponding target pressure so that the sub-airbags 310 in the area of the airbag cushion 300 contacted by the buttocks are equal Divide the weight of the patient.
  • the weight information may also be preset in the control device 200, and the control device 200 adjusts the air pressure of the airbag cushion 300 according to the preset weight information.
  • the environmental monitoring device 100 is a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor for collecting temperature information and humidity information of the air between the patient and the airbag cushion 300, and the control device 200 adjusts the airbag cushion 300 according to the temperature information and humidity information.
  • the frequency of inflation and deflation is to adjust the air temperature and humidity between the patient and the airbag cushion 300 by increasing or decreasing the amount of air discharged from the airbag cushion 300 and the deflation frequency, so that the buttocks are in a good temperature and humidity environment.
  • the environmental monitoring device 100 is a gyroscope. The patient sits on the intelligent anti-pressure ulcer cushion 10, the direction angle is measured by the gyroscope, and the direction angle is analyzed to meet the preset falling threshold, and a fall alarm is issued.
  • the airbag cushion 300 includes: an inflatable and deflating airbag area and a non-inflating and deflating airbag area; the inflatable and deflating airbag area includes a plurality of airbag sub-regions that are not connected to each other, and the multiple airbag sub-regions are respectively connected with the inflating and deflating device 400 pipeline.
  • the airbag cushion 300 is divided into six areas A, B, C, D, E, and F, where the areas A, B, C, D, and E are inflatable airbag areas, and the F area is a non-inflatable airbag area.
  • the sub-airbags 310 in each of the airbag sub-regions in areas A, B, C, D, and E are all connected.
  • the air pressure sensor monitors the air pressure when the sub-airbag 310 in each area is inflated and deflated, so as to determine what Stop inflation and deflation at the time.
  • the sub-airbag 310 in the F zone has no function of inflation and deflation. This arrangement makes the structure of the airbag cushion 300 simple and reduces the cost and failure rate.
  • areas A, B, C, D, E, and F are all inflatable and deflating airbag areas, which have an inflatable and deflating function. Each airbag in the A, B, C, D, E, and F areas
  • the sub-airbags 310 in each area are connected, and each area is connected with the inflator 400 pipes.
  • the air pressure sensor monitors the air pressure when the sub-airbag 310 in each area is inflated and deflated, so as to determine when to stop the inflation and deflation. discouraged.
  • the number of airbag sub-regions is not limited, and can be designed reasonably according to actual needs.
  • control device 200 is arranged on the underside of the airbag in the area of the non-deflated airbag, and the control device 200 is integrated with the airbag cushion 300, which improves the portability of the intelligent anti-pressure sore cushion 10 and reduces the intelligent anti-pressure sore cushion.
  • the cushion 10 has the advantages of volume and weight, reducing noise and vibration.
  • both the inflation and deflation device 400 and the control device 200 are arranged on the underside of the airbag in the non-deflation airbag area. It can be understood that the inflation and deflation device 400 and the control device 200 can also be arranged on the left or right side of the non-deflation airbag area.
  • the charging and discharging device 400 includes an air pump 410, a motor 440, a switching valve 450, and a charging and discharging pipeline 420; the air pump 410 and the motor 440 are electrically connected to the control device 200, and the motor 440 is mechanically connected to the switching valve 450.
  • the air pump 410 passes through the switching valve 450 and the charging pipe.
  • the bleed pipe 420 is respectively connected to a plurality of air bag sub-regions, the control device 200 controls the motor 440 to drive the switching valve 450 to connect the air pump 410 to each air bag sub-region respectively, and the air pump 410 is used to perform the respective air bag sub-regions under the control of the control device 200 Frustrated.
  • the control device 200 adjusts the airbag cushion 300 to inflate and deflate according to the environmental information.
  • the inflating and deflating ducts 420 are switched to control the inflation and deflation of the airbag sub-regions. , So as to adjust the local force point of the patient.
  • the control device 200 adjusts the interval or frequency of inflation and deflation of the airbag cushion 300 by the inflator 400 according to the temperature and humidity obtained by the temperature sensor and humidity sensor, thereby increasing or reducing the gap between the patient and the intelligent anti-pressure sore cushion 10 The temperature and humidity of the air.
  • the control device 200 adjusts the interval and/or frequency of inflating and deflating the airbag cushion 300 by the inflating and deflating device 400 to increase or decrease the temperature and humidity of the air between the patient and the intelligent anti-pressure sore cushion 10. Specifically, when the temperature and humidity are greater than the preset temperature and humidity range, the control device 200 shortens the interval and/or frequency of inflating and deflating the airbag cushion 300 by the inflating and deflating device 400, and speeds up the air circulation between the patient and the intelligent anti-pressure sore cushion 10 When the temperature and humidity are less than the preset temperature and humidity range, the control device 200 extends the interval and/or frequency of inflation and deflation of the airbag cushion 300 by the inflation and deflation device 400, so as to slow down the air circulation between the patient and the intelligent anti-pressure sore cushion 10. The control device 200 adjusts the temperature and humidity of the air between the patient and the intelligent anti-pressure sore cushion 10 by extending or shortening the interval and/or frequency of inflation and deflation.
  • the switching valve 450 has two reset methods, direct reset and indirect reset.
  • the direct reset adopts photoelectric, magnetic and other sensors to detect the reset position mark to realize the reset function.
  • the rotation is stopped to complete the reset.
  • a photoelectric sensor is used to achieve direct reset.
  • a metal baffle is set at the reset position as a reset mark. When the magnetic sensor approaches the metal baffle, the detected magnetic field signal changes, and the magnetic sensor generates a signal to send To the control device 200, the control device 200 controls the motor 440 to stop rotating and complete the reset.
  • the indirect reset uses the air pressure at the detection channel of the air pressure sensor to realize the reset function.
  • the process is as follows: the air pump 410 starts to work when the machine is turned on, and the control device 200 reads the pressure value of the air pressure sensor. The position is the reset position. If it is less than the set value, the switching valve 450 starts to rotate at a certain speed. When the pressure value detected by the air pressure sensor is greater than the set value, the switching valve 450 stops rotating, here is the switching valve 450 The reset position.
  • the air charging and discharging device 400 further includes a shock-absorbing member, which is connected to the air pump 410 and used to reduce the vibration generated by the operation of the air pump 410.
  • the shock absorber includes a primary shock absorber and a secondary shock absorber.
  • the primary shock absorber is connected to the air pump 410 to reduce the vibration generated by the operation of the air pump 410; the secondary shock absorber accommodates the air pump 410 and reduces the operation of the air pump 410 Vibration and noise generated.
  • the primary shock-absorbing member is a spring
  • the secondary shock-absorbing member is a sound-absorbing cotton or a vibration-isolating cotton.
  • the control device 200 is provided with a switch button, and the switch button is used to start or stop the control device 200.
  • the switch button is provided with an indicator light, which is controlled by the control device 200 and can flash at a certain frequency.
  • the control device 200 is also provided with an alarm module, and the alarm module is used to issue an alarm prompt.
  • the alarm prompt may be a sound prompt, a light prompt, or other prompts.
  • the alarm module is an audible and visual alarm, and the control device 200 analyzes environmental information, and when the environmental information exceeds a preset safety range, the audible and visual alarm is controlled to emit an audible and visual alarm.
  • the intelligent anti-pressure sore cushion 10 also includes a power supply device 600 which is connected to the environmental monitoring device 100, the inflation device 400 and the control device 200, and is used to provide electrical energy to the environmental monitoring device 100, the inflation device 400 and the control device 200.
  • the power supply device 600 is a lithium-ion rechargeable battery and is housed in the airbag cushion 300. It can be understood that the power supply device 600 may also be a nickel-cadmium rechargeable battery, a nickel-hydrogen rechargeable battery, a lead-storage rechargeable battery, an iron-lithium rechargeable battery, or other rechargeable batteries.
  • the power supply device 600 is a lithium-ion rechargeable battery, which is installed outside the airbag cushion 300.
  • the control device 200 further includes a power management module 230 electrically connected to the power supply device 600.
  • the power management module 230 is used to distribute electrical energy to the environmental monitoring device 100, the charging and venting device 400, and the control device 200, and to obtain the electrical energy value of the power supply device 600.
  • the power management module 230 It is used to adjust the frequency of inflating and deflating the airbag cushion 300.
  • the power threshold includes the under-power threshold and the adjustment threshold. Optimize and extend the use time of the intelligent anti-pressure sore cushion 10 under a certain power level.
  • the control device 200 will adjust the interval or frequency of inflating and deflating the airbag cushion 300; if the power level is low At the preset under-power threshold, the control device 200 controls the inflating and deflating device 400 to inflate the airbag cushion 300, and then waits for a low pressure alarm after being fully charged.
  • the adjustment threshold is 30% and the under-power threshold is 10%.
  • the control device 200 controls the inflating and deflating device 400 to adjust the inflatable and deflating airbag area of the airbag cushion 300
  • the time interval for inflating and deflating is extended to reduce the frequency of inflating and deflating; when the power value of the power supply device 600 is less than 10%, the control device 200 controls the inflating and deflating device 400 to inflate the inflatable and deflating airbag area of the airbag cushion 300. Stand by, and control the indicator light on the switch button to make a flashing alarm for power under-power.
  • the control device 200 suspends the inflation and deflation cycle of the airbag cushion 300 by the inflator and deflation device 400, giving priority to The inflating of the inflatable airbag area of the airbag cushion 300 is performed.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the inflation and deflation process of the intelligent anti-pressure sore cushion 10 in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the control device 200 collects the air pressure of the inflatable and deflating airbag area in the airbag cushion 300 through the air pressure sensor, and controls the inflating and deflating device 400 to deflate the inflatable and deflating airbag area.
  • the control device 200 controls the switching valve 450 to conduct the airbag subregion that needs to be deflated, and controls the inflation and deflation device 400 to deflate the airbag subregion. After deflation, it detects whether the air pressure in the airbag subregion is less than a preset deflation threshold.
  • the air pressure in the airbag subregion is greater than or equal to the preset deflation threshold, continue to deflate the airbag subregion; if the air pressure in the airbag subregion is less than the preset deflation threshold, after the preset time Inflate the airbag sub-region. After inflation, it is detected whether the air pressure in the airbag subregion is greater than or equal to the preset inflation threshold, and if the air pressure in the airbag subregion is less than the preset inflation threshold, the airbag subregion continues to be inflated.
  • the air pressure in the airbag sub-area is greater than or equal to the preset inflation threshold, it is detected whether the shutdown signal is received, and if the shutdown signal is received, the switching valve 450 is returned to the original position; if the shutdown signal is not received, then The switching valve 450 is controlled to switch to another airbag subregion to detect the deflation threshold and the inflation threshold, and adjust the air pressure of each airbag subregion of the airbag cushion 300 through the inflation and deflation cycle.
  • the shutdown signal is a signal for the switch button to trigger the control device 200 to turn on or off.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the air pressure adjustment process of the intelligent anti-pressure sore cushion 10 in another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the air pressure sensor monitors the change of the air pressure in the airbag cushion 300 in real time, and the control device 200 adjusts the air pressure of the airbag cushion 300 according to the change of air pressure. Specifically, the control device 200 detects whether the voltage provided by the power supply device 600 is normal. If the voltage provided by the power supply device 600 is normal, the control device 200 controls the inflator 400 to inflate the airbag cushion 300. If the voltage of the power supply device 600 is abnormal, The intelligent anti-pressure sore cushion 10 stops running and generates an alarm prompt. After the inflator 400 inflates the airbag cushion 300, it detects whether the air pressure in the airbag cushion 300 is greater than the pressure range.
  • the control device 200 controls the inflator device 400 to The airbag cushion 300 is deflated; if the air pressure in the airbag cushion 300 is less than the preset pressure range, the control device 200 controls the inflator device 400 to inflate the airbag cushion 300. Detect whether the air pressure in the airbag cushion 300 increases suddenly. If the air pressure in the airbag cushion 300 increases suddenly, the control device 200 adjusts the pressure range according to the change of the air pressure, and the control device 200 controls the inflation and deflation device 400 according to the adjusted pressure range. The airbag cushion 300 is inflated. If the air pressure in the airbag cushion 300 does not increase suddenly, it is detected whether the air pressure of the airbag cushion 300 is greater than the pressure range, so that the air pressure in the airbag cushion 300 is always maintained within the preset pressure range.
  • the control device 200 also includes a communication module 210 for communicating with the external device 20; the communication module 210 is used for sending environmental information to the external device 20, or receiving information from the external device 20, and the external device 20 monitors the status of the patient in real time according to the environmental information And/or the state of the intelligent anti-pressure sore cushion 10, and timely adjust the inflation and deflation state of the airbag cushion 300 or issue an alarm according to the patient's state and/or the state of the intelligent anti-pressure sore cushion 10.
  • the communication module 210 includes a first communication unit 211 and a second communication unit 212. The first communication unit 211 is used to communicate with the external device 20 and send environmental information to the external device 20; and the second communication unit 212 is used to communicate with the external device 20.
  • the external device 20 is connected, and the information of the external device 20 is acquired.
  • the first communication unit 211 is a long-distance transmission device such as GPRS/NB-lot/3G/4G/5G;
  • the second communication unit 212 is a short-distance transmission device such as Bluetooth and wifi.
  • the intelligent anti-pressure sore cushion 10 also includes a vital sign monitoring device 500 connected to the control device 200, which is used to monitor the patient’s vital sign information and send the vital sign information to the control device 200 so that the control device 200 can monitor the vital sign information. It is packaged and sent to the external device 20 through the communication module 210.
  • vital sign information includes, but is not limited to, electrocardiogram signal, heart rate, respiration, blood pressure or other vital sign parameters.
  • the vital sign monitoring device 500 is connected to the second communication unit, and sends vital sign information to the control device 200.
  • the control device 200 performs preliminary processing and packaging of the vital sign information, and sends it to the external device 20 through the first communication unit 211 , It is convenient for the guardian or the attending doctor to check the patient’s physical parameters, judge the treatment effect and the development of the condition, and adjust the follow-up treatment plan accordingly.
  • the aforementioned intelligent anti-pressure sore cushion 10 adjusts the inflation and deflation of the airbag cushion 300 on the intelligent anti-pressure sore cushion 10 according to the environmental information obtained by the environmental monitoring device 100, thereby adjusting the stress points of the patient’s local tissues and improving the prevention of pressure.
  • the inflation and deflation device 400 and the control device 200 are housed in the airbag cushion 300, thereby reducing the volume and weight, and improving the portability of the intelligent anti-pressure sore cushion 10.
  • the monitoring system includes the aforementioned intelligent anti-pressure ulcer cushion 10 and external equipment 20.
  • the intelligent anti-pressure ulcer cushion 10 is connected to the external equipment 20.
  • the intelligent anti-pressure ulcer cushion 10 combines environmental information and/or life
  • the physical sign information is sent to the external device 20, and the external device 20 controls the intelligent anti-pressure sore cushion 10 to give an alarm prompt and/or adjust the air pressure of the airbag cushion 300 according to the environmental information and/or vital signs information.
  • the intelligent anti-pressure sore cushion 10 is connected to an external device 20 to send environmental information to the external device 20, and the external device 20 generates a corresponding alarm prompt according to the environmental information.
  • the external device 20 may be a server and/or a terminal, and the terminal includes devices such as a computer, a notebook, a tablet, and a mobile phone.
  • the intelligent anti-pressure sore cushion 10 and the external device 20 have two connection modes, one of which is to connect to a server and send environmental information to the server, and the server forwards the environmental information to the terminal; the other is to connect to the terminal, Send environmental information to the terminal.
  • the external device 20 is a personal computer with a display interface that displays environmental information on the display interface. The environmental information is divided into three categories: life-free, non-hazardous within a short period of time, and life-threatening. . Life is not dangerous.
  • the indicator will be displayed and the air pressure of the airbag cushion 300 will be adjusted to realize the temperature and humidity of the air between the patient and the intelligent anti-pressure sore cushion 10
  • the temperature and humidity signal rises sharply, and the temperature and humidity are greater than the alarm threshold, an alarm is generated, and there is no danger for a short period of time through the yellow mark on the display interface ;
  • Life-threatening categories such as apnea, sharp drop in body temperature, etc., the life-threatening information will be marked in red on the display interface, and the patient's guardian will be automatically dialed. If the guardian answers, follow the instructions of the guardian; if the guardian does not answer, then Call the hospital's police number directly.
  • the airbag cushion assembly, the intelligent anti-pressure sore cushion 10, and the monitoring system are provided with an exhaust port 431 of the exhaust duct 430 at the airbag gap of the airbag cushion 300.
  • the airbag cushion 300 is deflated, the gas is discharged from the exhaust port 431.
  • the motor 440 is used to drive the switching
  • the valve 450 connects the air pump 410 with different airbag sub-regions, thereby facilitating inflating and deflating different airbag sub-regions; at the same time, it is beneficial to reduce power consumption, volume and weight.

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Abstract

一种气囊垫组件，包括气囊垫（300）以及与气囊垫（300）连通的充泄气装置（400）；气囊垫（300）包括多个子气囊（310），相邻子气囊（310）之间具有气囊间隙；充泄气装置（400）设有排气口（431），排气口（431）位于气囊间隙处，充泄气装置（400）用于对气囊垫（300）进行充泄气。该气囊垫组件通过在气囊间隙处设置排气口（431），气囊垫（300）排出的气体会带走淤积在患者与气囊垫（300）之间的潮气，从而使患者与气囊垫（300）接触部位的湿度下降，从而达到预防压疮的作用。还包括一种智能防压疮坐垫（10）以及监护系统。

Description

气囊垫组件、智能防压疮坐垫以及监护系统 技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械技术领域，特别是涉及一种气囊垫组件、智能防压疮坐垫以及监护系统。
背景技术
压疮又称为褥疮或压力性溃疡，是指身体局部组织长时间受压或者长期物理化学因素的刺激引起神经营养紊乱及血液循环障碍，局部组织持续缺血、缺氧、营养不良而致使皮肤失去正常功能，从而导致软组织变性、溃烂和坏死。是人体局部所受压力和受压的持续时间超过一定限度后引起的组织损伤。
随着技术的发展和对健康的关注，人们在对压疮预防上面采取了很多的措施并且开发了很多的产品，比如对于床垫就有无源和有源2种，而对于坐垫也是如此，坐垫中无源的较多，而有源的较少。但是现有的坐垫无气流流动，潮气不易散发，容易淤积在坐垫中，因此比较潮湿，也不利于压疮的预防。
发明内容
基于此，有必要针对气囊垫组件久坐潮气不易散发问题，提供一种气囊垫组件、智能防压疮坐垫以及监护系统。
一种气囊垫组件，所述的气囊垫组件包括气囊垫以及与所述气囊垫连通的充泄气装置；
所述气囊垫包括多个子气囊，相邻所述子气囊之间具有气囊间隙；
所述充泄气装置设有排气口，所述排气口位于所述气囊间隙处，所述充泄气装置用于对所述气囊垫进行充泄气。
在其中一个实施例中，所述充泄气装置包括气泵、充泄气管道以及设有所述排气口的排气管道；
所述气泵通过所述充泄气管道与所述气囊垫连通，用于对所述气囊垫进行充泄气；以及
所述排气管道设于所述气囊间隙，所述充泄气管道通过所述排气管道与外部环境连通。
在其中一个实施例中，所述气囊垫具有交叉设置的第一方向气囊间隙和第二方向气囊间隙；
所述排气管道设置有多个所述排气口；
所述排气管道设于所述第一方向气囊间隙和/或所述第二方向气囊间隙，所述排气口设置在所述第一方向气囊间隙和所述第二方向囊间隙的交叉位置处。
在其中一个实施例中，所述充泄气装置还包括第一开关机构，所述第一开关机构设置于所述排气管道上；
所述第一开关机构用于导通或断开所述气囊垫与所述排气管道之间的连通。
在其中一个实施例中，所述充泄气装置还包括第二开关机构，所述第二开关机构用于将所述气泵分别与所述气囊垫和外部环境连通，以使所述气泵能够通过所述第二开关机构对所述气囊垫进行充气或泄气。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第二开关机构包括第一三通阀和第二三通阀， 所述第二开关机构具有第一状态和第二状态；
在第一状态时，所述第一三通阀将所述气泵与外部环境导通，所述第二三通阀将所述气泵与所述气囊垫导通，所述充泄气装置处于充气状态；
在第二状态时，所述第一三通阀将所述气泵与所述气囊垫导通，所述第二三通阀将所述气泵与所述排气管道导通，所述充泄气装置处于泄气状态。
在其中一个实施例中，所述气囊垫包括可充泄气气囊区域，所述可充泄气气囊区域包括多个相互间不连通的气囊子区域；所述充泄气装置还包括电机和与所述电机连接的切换阀，所述电机用于驱动所述切换阀将所述气泵与各个所述气囊子区域连通。
在其中一个实施例中，所述切换阀包括主端口和多个副端口，所述充泄气管道包括与所述主端口连通的主管道和与所述副端口连通的副管道；
所述切换阀的主端口通过主管道与所述气泵连通，所述切换阀的每个所述副端口通过所述副管道与对应的所述气囊子区域连通。
一种智能防压疮坐垫，包括如上所述的气囊垫组件、环境监测装置以及控制装置；所述气囊垫组件和所述环境监测装置分别与所述控制装置连接；
所述环境监测装置用于采集环境信息；
所述控制装置用于根据环境信息控制所述充泄气装置进行充气、泄气。
在其中一个实施例中，所述环境监测装置包括重量传感器、气压传感器、温度传感器和湿度传感器中至少一种。
在其中一个实施例中，还包括与所述控制装置连接的生命体征监测装置，用于监测患者的生命体征信息，并将所述生命体征信息发送至所述控制装置；所述控制装置根据所述生命体征信息控制所述气囊垫组件。
一种监护系统，包括如上所述的智能防压疮坐垫以及外部设备；
所述智能防压疮坐垫与所述外部设备连接；
所述智能防压疮坐垫将所述环境信息发送至所述外部设备；
所述外部设备根据所述环境信息控制所述智能防压疮坐垫。
上述气囊垫组件、智能防压疮坐垫以及监护系统，通过在气囊垫的气囊间隙处设置充泄气装置的排气口，当气囊垫泄气时，气体从排气口排出，并经气囊间隙带走淤积在患者与气囊垫之间的潮气，从而使患者与气囊垫接触部位的湿度下降，从而达到预防压疮的作用。
附图说明
图1为本发明一实施例中智能防压疮坐垫的系统结构图；
图2为图1智能防压疮坐垫具体结构的系统结构图；
图3为图2中气囊垫的区域划分图；
图4为图1智能防压疮坐垫的区域结构图；
图5为本发明一实施例中被动泄气方式的原理图；
图6为本发明一实施例中主动泄气方式的原理图；
图7为本发明一实施例中切换阀的结构爆炸图；
图8为图7中定子和转子的结构示意图；
图9为本发明一实施例中智能防压疮坐垫充泄气的流程示意图；
图10为本发明一实施例中智能防压疮坐垫气压调节的流程示意图；
图11为本发明一实施例中监护系统的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本发明，下面将参照相关附图对本发明进行更全面的描述。附图中给出了本发明的较佳实施方式。但是，本发明可以采用许多不同的形式来实现，并不限于本文所描述的实施方式。相反地，提供这些实施方式的目的是使对本发明的公开内容理解的更加透彻全面。
除非另有定义，本案所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本案中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施方式的目的，不是旨在于限制本发明。本案所使用的术语“及/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固定于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。本案所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的，并不表示是唯一的实施方式。
压疮是康复医学中常见的并发症，非原发病，大多是因其他的原发病未经很好的护理而造成的损伤压疮，易发于长期卧床、体质衰弱、翻身不便以及肢体感觉障碍者。对于压疮，预防重于治疗，充分注重预防完全可以防止其发生；一旦已形成压疮，在治疗上将耗费大量的人力、物力、财力，而且还会影响主要疾病的治疗。
预防压疮的方法除加强营养外，主要为定期给受压严重的部位减压，包括：(1)定时翻身或变换体位；(2)局部组织轻柔按摩；(3)保持皮肤清洁和干燥。根据其预防方法，需要花费护理人员大量的时间，而我国护理资源不足，常在病人出现压疮时才采取护理措施，而非运用护理程序去发现和解决病人问题。
如图1～8所示，本发明提供一种气囊垫组件，用于调整患者与气囊垫300接触部位的温湿度。
气囊垫组件包括气囊垫300以及与气囊垫300连通的充泄气装置400。具体地，气囊垫300包括多个子气囊310，相邻子气囊310之间具有气囊间隙。充泄气装置400用于对气囊垫300进行充泄气。可以理解，子气囊310截面可以为三角形、四边形、五边形或六边形中任意一种。充泄气装置400设有排气口431，排气口431位于气囊间隙处，排出的气流经气囊间隙带走淤积在患者与气囊垫300之间的潮气，从而使患者与气囊垫300接触部位的湿度下降。充泄气装置400外接有供电装置600，供电装置600为充泄气装置400提供运行电能。
充泄气装置400包括气泵410、充泄气管道420以及排气管道430。气泵410通过充泄气管道420与气囊垫300连通，用于对气囊垫300进行充泄气。排气管道430设有排气口431，排气管道430设于气囊间隙，气囊垫300通过充泄气管道420与排气管道430连通，排气管道430与外部环境连通。具体地，气泵410的出气口与充泄气管道420连通，将气体输送至气囊垫300内。排气管道430通过充泄气管道420与气囊垫300连通，当气囊垫300泄气时，通过排气管道430将气囊垫300内的气体排放到外部环境中。
气囊垫300具有交叉设置的第一方向气囊间隙和第二方向气囊间隙；排气管道430上设置有多个排气口431；排气管道430设于第一方向气囊间隙和/或第二方向气囊间隙，排气口431设置在第一方向气囊间隙和第二方向囊间隙的 交叉位置处。在一个实施例中，第一方向气囊间隙为横向气囊间隙，第二方向气囊间隙为竖向气囊间隙，排气管道430伸入横向气囊间隙和/或竖向气囊间隙，排气口431设置在横向气囊间隙和竖向气囊间隙的交叉位置处。排气管道430为硬质管道，排气管道430呈直线型位于气囊垫300竖向气囊间隙中，在与每个横向气囊间隙交叉位置处均设置有排气口431。可以理解，排气管道430也可以呈直线型位于气囊垫300横向气囊间隙中，在与每个竖向气囊间隙交叉位置处均设置有排气口431。排气管道430也可以呈弯折型分布在横向气囊间隙以及竖向气囊间隙中。在气囊垫300进行排气时，排气口431置于气囊间隙，排出的气体吹向患者与气囊垫300接触的部位，或排出的气体沿气囊间隙吹向气囊垫300的边缘，排出的气流带走患者与气囊垫300之间的高温高湿气体。还可以通过控制气泵410的进气气体的温度和湿度，从而控制排出气体的温度和湿度，达到控制气囊垫300的温湿度。通过在气囊垫300的气囊间隙处设置排气口431，带走淤积在患者与气囊垫300之间的潮气，从而使患者与气囊垫300接触部位的湿度下降，从而达到预防压疮的作用。
充泄气装置400还包括进气管道470，进气管道470与气泵410的进气口连通，气泵410通过进气管道470将外部气体输入气囊垫300中。可以理解，气泵410也可以无需进气管道470，直接通过进气口将外部气体输入气囊垫300中。
充泄气装置400至少包括被动泄气结构和主动泄气结构的一种。
在其中一个实施例中，充泄气装置400采用被动泄气结构。被动泄气采用区域气囊内的压强大于环境气压的原理，使气囊内的气体排出。被动泄气的具体结构如下：充泄气装置400还包括第一开关机构460，第一开关机构460设置于排气管道430上，第一开关机构460用于导通或断开气囊垫300与排气管道430之间的连通。第一开关机构460为通断阀，通过控制通断阀的开启或关闭，使充泄气管道420与排气管道430连通或断开。在一个实施例中，通断阀具有第一阀口以及第二阀口，第一阀口与充泄气管道420连接，第二阀口与排气管道430连接。当通断阀开启时，气囊垫300中的气体的压强大于环境气压，使气囊内的气体排出；当通断阀关闭时，防止气囊垫300中的气体排出。
在其中一个实施例中，充泄气装置400采用主动泄气结构。主动泄气采用气泵410的进气口与出气口配合三通阀的逻辑来达到主动排气，通过气泵410将气囊垫300中的气体抽出，加快泄气速度。主动泄气的具体结构如下：充泄气装置400还包括第二开关机构480，第二开关机构480用于将气泵410分别与气囊垫300和外部环境连通。具体地，第二开关机构480用于将气泵410分别与进气管道470和外部环境连通、与切换阀450和气囊垫300连通，或将气泵410分别与切换阀450和气囊垫300连通、排气管道430和外部环境连通，以使气泵410能够通过第二开关机构480对气囊垫300进行充气或泄气。在一个实施例中，第二开关机构480包括第一三通阀481和第二三通阀482，第二开关机构480具有第一状态和第二状态。在第一状态时，第一三通阀将气泵410与外部环境导通，第二三通阀将气泵410与气囊垫300导通，充泄气装置400处于充气状态；在第二状态时，第一三通阀将气泵410与气囊垫300导通，第二三通阀将气泵410与排气管道430导通，充泄气装置400处于泄气状态。具体地，第一三通阀481和第二三通阀482均具有第一阀口、第二阀口以及第三阀口。充泄气管道420包括第一充泄气管道421、第二充泄气管道422和第三充泄气管道423。第一三通阀481的第一阀口与第一充泄气管道421连通，第二阀口与第 三充泄气管道423连通，第三阀口与进气管道470连通。第二三通阀482的第一阀口与第二充泄气管道422连通，第二阀口与排气管道430连通，第三阀口与第三充泄气管道423连通。当第二开关机构480在第一状态时，第一三通阀481将第一充泄气管道421与进气管道470导通，第二三通阀482将第二充泄气管道422与第三充泄气管道423导通，充泄气装置400处于充气状态，对气囊垫300进行充气；当第二开关机构480在第二状态时，第一三通阀481将第一充泄气管道421与第三充泄气管道423导通，第二三通阀482将第二充泄气管道422与排气管道430导通，充泄气装置400处于泄气状态，对气囊垫300进行泄气。更具体地，第一三通阀481和第二三通阀482为两位三通电磁阀，均具有通电和断电两种状态，当第一三通阀481和第二三通阀482处于通电状态，充泄气装置400对气囊垫300进行充气；当第一三通阀481和第二三通阀482处于断电状态时，充泄气装置400对气囊垫300进行泄气。
气囊垫300包括：可充泄气气囊区域以及非充泄气气囊区域；可充泄气气囊区域包括多个相互间不连通的气囊子区域，多个气囊子区域分别与充泄气装置400管道连通。充泄气装置400还包括电机440和与电机440连接的切换阀450，切换阀450包括主端口455和多个副端口456，充泄气管道420包括主管道(未图示)和多个副管道(未图示)，切换阀450的主端口455与主管道连通，切换阀450的每个副端口456与对应的副管道连通。具体地，切换阀450的主端口455通过主管道与气泵410连通，切换阀450的每个副端口456通过副管道与相应的气囊子区域连通，通过电机440驱动切换阀450将主端口455与不同的副端口456导通，从而实现气泵410与相应气囊子区域连通，从而方便对不同气囊子区域进行充泄气调节，且有利于降低功耗、体积和重量。气囊垫组件通过使气泵410与不同的气囊子区域连通，对各个气囊子区域进行充泄气，从而调整各个气囊子区域的气压压强，使臀部接触的气囊垫区域的子气囊310均分患者的重量。在一个实施例中，气囊垫组件与控制装置200连接，控制装置200设置有用于采集充泄气管道420气压压强的气压传感器，控制装置200分别与电机440以及气泵410电连接，控制装置200根据气压传感器采集的气压压强调节气泵410的输送气体的速率，和/或通过控制电机440驱动切换阀450将气泵410与相应气囊子区域连通，调节各个气囊子区域的气压压强。
在一个实施例中，切换阀450包括定子451、转子452、连接件453和外壳454，外壳454的一端与定子451连接，电机440转轴穿过外壳454的另一端与连接件453连接。外壳454与定子451形成收容腔，收容转子452和连接件453，定子451与转子452相互抵接。外壳454还包括密封件，密封件套设于连接件453外侧，转子452与连接件453固定连接，密封件压紧转子452，用于增加气密性。定子451和转子452为金属材料，但不限于此。具体地，定子451设置有一个主通孔4511和多个副通孔4512，主通孔4511与主端口455连通，副通孔4512与副端口456连通，多个副通孔4512设于主通孔4511周围，且主通孔4511与各副通孔4512内置螺纹且平行，主通孔4511和副通孔4512均具有进气和出气的功能。转子452设有用于连通主通孔4511和副通孔4512的连通通道4521，连通通道4521可以为沟槽或孔结构。电机440通过连接件453带动转子452旋转，转子452的连通通道4521可以将定子451的主通孔4511与不同副通孔4512导通，从而对气囊垫300的不同气囊子区域进行充泄气。在充泄气装置400充气时，转子452的靠近定子451一侧的侧面及靠近连接件453一侧的侧面 都处于高压的气体下，压力相互抵消，降低了对结构密封的要求。充泄气装置400只需要一个切换阀450就可以对可充泄气气囊区域的多个气囊子区域进行充泄气调压，降低了充泄气装置400的功耗、体积和重量。在一个实施例中，定子451的主通孔4511和副通孔4512形成30度的夹角。可以理解，所述夹角也可以为60度、90度、120度、150度、180度或其他度数。
上述气囊垫组件，通过将排气管道430的排气口431设置于气囊间隙处，当气囊垫300泄气时，气体从排气口431排出，经气囊间隙带走淤积在患者与气囊垫300之间的潮气，从而使患者与气囊垫300接触部位的湿度下降，从而达到预防压疮的作用。
本发明提供一种智能防压疮坐垫10，让患者坐于智能防压疮坐垫10上，根据环境信息调节气囊垫300的可充泄气气囊区域内的气压压强，对患者的局部组织受力点进行调节，从而达到预防压疮的作用。
智能防压疮坐垫10包括：如前所述的气囊垫组件、环境监测装置100和控制装置200，气囊垫组件包括气囊垫300以及与气囊垫300连通的充泄气装置400。气囊垫300与充泄气装置400管道连通，充泄气装置400和环境监测装置100分别与控制装置200电连接，充泄气装置400和控制装置200收容于气囊垫300。具体地，环境监测装置100用于采集环境信息，并将环境信息发送至控制装置200，控制装置200用于根据环境信息控制充泄气装置400进行充气或泄气。控制装置200包括与环境监测装置100连接的检测模块220，检测模块220用于分析环境监测装置100发送的环境信息。在一个实施例中，控制装置200分析环境信息，判断环境信息是否在预设的范围内，若超出预设的范围，则控制装置200控制充泄气装置400对气囊垫300进行充气或泄气，或调整对气囊垫300的充泄气频率；若在预设的范围内，则控制装置200控制充泄气装置400停止充气或泄气，或按预设频率对气囊垫300进行充气或泄气。环境监测装置100包括重量传感器、气压传感器、温度传感器和湿度传感器中至少一种。在一个实施例中，环境信息为重量传感器检测到的患者重量，气压传感器检测到气囊垫300内的气压，温度传感器检测到患者与气囊垫300之间的空气温度以及湿度传感器检测到患者与气囊垫300之间的空气湿度。在另一个实施例中，环境监测装置100还包括陀螺仪，陀螺仪用于检测智能防压疮坐垫10的方向角，以判断患者的坐姿。
气囊垫300与充泄气装置400管道连通，充泄气装置400与控制装置200电连接，充泄气装置400用于根据控制装置200的控制对气囊垫300进行充泄气。具体地，气囊垫300包括多个子气囊310，充泄气装置400与多个子气囊310连接，对多个子气囊310进行充气或泄气。更进一步地，各气囊子区域的气囊高度不同，充满气后气囊垫300表面凹凸不平，其高度的设计符合人体臀部与气囊垫300之间的压力分布。在一个实施例中，环境监测装置100为重量传感器和气压传感器，用于采集患者的重量信息以及子气囊310的气压压强，控制装置200分析重量信息以获得对应重量信息的每个子气囊310的目标压强，根据目标压强，通过控制装置200控制充泄气装置400对气囊垫300进行充泄气，调整气囊垫300内的气压压强到对应的目标压强，使臀部接触的气囊垫300区域的子气囊310均分患者的重量。可以理解，重量信息也可以预先设置在控制装置200中，控制装置200根据预设的重量信息调整气囊垫300的气压压强。在另一实施例中，环境监测装置100为温度传感器和湿度传感器，用于采集患 者与气囊垫300之间空气的温度信息和湿度信息，控制装置200根据温度信息和湿度信息调整气囊垫300的充泄气频率，通过增大或减小气囊垫300的泄出气体量及泄气频率，调整患者与气囊垫300之间的空气温湿度，使臀部处于良好的温湿度环境中。还有一个实施例中，环境监测装置100为陀螺仪，患者坐于智能防压疮坐垫10上，根据陀螺仪测量得到方向角，分析方向角满足预先设置的摔倒阈值，进行摔倒报警。
气囊垫300包括：可充泄气气囊区域以及非充泄气气囊区域；可充泄气气囊区域包括多个相互间不连通的气囊子区域，多个气囊子区域分别与充泄气装置400管道连通。气囊垫300划分有A、B、C、D、E和F六个区域，其中，A、B、C、D、E区域为可充泄气气囊区域，F区域为非充泄气气囊区域。A、B、C、D、E区域中每个气囊子区域中的子气囊310都是相通的，气压传感器在各区域的子气囊310充气和泄气的时候监测其气压压强的大小，从而确定何时停止充气和泄气。F区域的子气囊310无充泄气功能，此种设置使气囊垫300的结构简单，降低成本和故障率。在另一个实施例中，A、B、C、D、E、F区域均为可充泄气气囊区域，具有可充泄气功能，A、B、C、D、E、F区域中每个气囊子区域中的子气囊310都是相通的，各区域分别与充泄气装置400管道连通，气压传感器在各区域的子气囊310充气和泄气的时候监测其气压压强的大小，从而确定何时停止充气和泄气。对于气囊子区域的数量并不做限定，可以根据实际需求来合理设计。
在一个实施例中，控制装置200设置于非充泄气气囊区域的气囊下侧，控制装置200与气囊垫300一体，提高了智能防压疮坐垫10的便携性，具有减小降低智能防压疮坐垫10体积和重量、降低噪声和振动的优点。在另一个实施例中，充泄气装置400和控制装置200均设置于非充泄气气囊区域的气囊下侧。可以理解，充泄气装置400和控制装置200也可以设置于非充泄气气囊区域左侧或右侧。
充泄气装置400包括气泵410、电机440、切换阀450以及充泄气管道420；气泵410与电机440分别与控制装置200电连接，电机440与切换阀450机械连接，气泵410通过切换阀450以及充泄气管道420分别与多个气囊子区域连通，控制装置200控制电机440驱动切换阀450将气泵410分别与各个气囊子区域连通，气泵410用于根据控制装置200的控制分别对各个气囊子区域进行充泄气。具体地，控制装置200根据环境信息调整气囊垫300进行充泄气，通过控制电机440转轴的旋转，带动切换阀450的转子旋转，使各个充泄气管道420进行切换，控制各个气囊子区域的充泄气，从而对患者局部的受力点进行调整。在一个实施例中，控制装置200根据温度传感器和湿度传感器获得的温度和湿度通过调节充泄气装置400对气囊垫300充泄气的间隔或频率，从而提高或降低患者与智能防压疮坐垫10间空气的温湿度。
控制装置200通过调节充泄气装置400对气囊垫300充泄气的间隔和/或频率，从而提高或降低患者与智能防压疮坐垫10间空气的温湿度。具体地，当温湿度大于预设的温湿度范围，则控制装置200缩短充泄气装置400对气囊垫300充泄气的间隔和/或频率，加快患者与智能防压疮坐垫10之间的气体流通；当温湿度小于预设的温湿度范围，则控制装置200延长充泄气装置400对气囊垫300充泄气的间隔和/或频率，减缓患者与智能防压疮坐垫10之间的气体流通。控制装置200通过延长或缩短充泄气的间隔和/或频率调整患者与智能防压疮坐垫10 之间空气的温湿度。
切换阀450具有直接复位和间接复位两种复位方式。具体地，直接复位采用光电、磁性等传感器检测复位位置标记，实现复位功能，当检测到复位位置标记，则停止旋转完成复位。在一个实施例中，采用光电传感器实现直接复位，通过在复位的位置设置金属挡片作为复位标记，当光电传感器靠近到金属挡片时，因检测的光信号发生变化，光电传感器产生信号发送至控制装置200，控制装置200控制电机440停止旋转完成复位。在另一个实施例中，采用磁性传感器实现直接复位，通过在复位的位置设置金属挡片作为复位标记，当磁性传感器靠近到金属挡片时，因检测的磁场信号发生变化，磁性传感器产生信号发送至控制装置200，控制装置200控制电机440停止旋转完成复位。
具体地，间接复位采用气压传感器检测通道处的气压实现复位功能，其流程为：开机时气泵410开始工作，同时控制装置200读取气压传感器的压力数值，若大于设定的数值，则判定此位置为复位位置，若小于设定的数值，则切换阀450以一定的速度开始旋转，当气压传感器检测到的压力数值大于设定的数值时，切换阀450停止旋转，此处为切换阀450的复位位置。
充泄气装置400还包括减震件，减震件与气泵410连接，用于降低气泵410运行产生的震动。具体地，减震件包括一级减震件和二级减震件，一级减震件与气泵410连接，降低气泵410运行产生的震动；二级减震件收容气泵410，降低气泵410运行产生的震动及噪音。在一个实施例中，一级减震件为弹簧，二级减震件为消音棉或隔振棉。
控制装置200设置有开关按钮，开关按钮用于启动或停止控制装置200。具体地，开关按钮设置有指示灯，指示灯受控制装置200的控制，可以按一定频率进行闪烁。在一个实施例中，开关按钮数量为两个，分别位于控制装置200的两侧，便于患者启动或停止智能防压疮坐垫10。
控制装置200还设置有警报模块，警报模块用于发出警报提示。具体地，警报提示可以为声音提示、光提示或其他提示。在一个实施例中，警报模块为声光警报器，控制装置200分析环境信息，当环境信息超出预设的安全范围，则控制声光警报器发出声光警报。
智能防压疮坐垫10还包括供电装置600，供电装置600与环境监测装置100、充泄气装置400和控制装置200连接，用于向环境监测装置100、充泄气装置400和控制装置200提供电能。在一个实施例中，供电装置600为锂离子充电电池，收容于气囊垫300中。可以理解，供电装置600也可以为镍镉充电电池、镍氢充电电池、铅蓄充电电池、铁锂充电电池或其他可充电的电池。在另一个实施例中，供电装置600为锂离子充电电池，安装于气囊垫300外部。
控制装置200还包括与供电装置600电连接的电源管理模块230。具体地，电源管理模块230用于向环境监测装置100、充泄气装置400和控制装置200分配电能，并获取供电装置600的电量值，当电量值低于预设电量阈值时，电源管理模块230用于调整对气囊垫300充泄气的频率。其中，电量阈值包括欠电阈值和调整阈值。在一定电量下优化和延长智能防压疮坐垫10使用的时长，若电量值低于预设的调整阈值，则控制装置200将调整对气囊垫300进行充泄气的间隔或频率；若电量值低于预设的欠电阈值，则控制装置200控制充泄气装置400对气囊垫300的进行充气，充满后进行待机并发出低压警报。在一个实施例中，调整阈值为30％，欠电阈值为10％，当供电装置600的电量值低于30％， 则控制装置200控制充泄气装置400将气囊垫300的可充泄气气囊区域进行充泄气的时间间隔延长，以降低充泄气频率；当供电装置600的电量值低于10％，则控制装置200控制充泄气装置400将气囊垫300的可充泄气气囊区域进行充气，充满后进行待机，并控制开关按钮上的指示灯进行电源欠电闪烁报警。更具体地，当供电装置600的电量值低于10％，若充泄气装置400正在对气囊垫300进行充泄气循环，控制装置200暂停充泄气装置400对气囊垫300进行的充泄气循环，优先执行将气囊垫300的可充泄气气囊区域充气。
如图9所示，图9为本发明一实施例中智能防压疮坐垫10充泄气的流程示意图。
控制装置200通过气压传感器采集气囊垫300中可充泄气气囊区域的气压压强，控制充泄气装置400对可充泄气气囊区域进行泄气。控制装置200控制切换阀450导通需要泄气的气囊子区域，并控制充泄气装置400对该气囊子区域进行泄气，泄气后，检测该气囊子区域中的气压压强是否小于预设的泄气阈值，若该气囊子区域中的气压压强大于或等于预设的泄气阈值，则继续对该气囊子区域进行泄气；若该气囊子区域中的气压压强小于预设的泄气阈值，则在预设时间后对该气囊子区域进行充气。充气后，检测该气囊子区域中的气压压强是否大于或等于预设的充气阈值，若该气囊子区域中的气压压强小于预设的充气阈值，则继续对该气囊子区域进行充气。若可该气囊子区域中的气压压强大于或等于预设的充气阈值，则检测是否接收到关机信号，若接收到关机信号，则使切换阀450回归原位；若没有接收到关机信号，则控制切换阀450切换至另一个气囊子区域进行泄气阈值和充气阈值的检测，通过充泄气循环调整气囊垫300各个气囊子区域的气压压强。其中，关机信号为开关按钮触发控制控制装置200开启或关闭的信号。
如图10所示，图10为本发明另一实施例中智能防压疮坐垫10气压调节的流程示意图。
在智能防压疮坐垫10使用时，气压传感器实时监测气囊垫300中气压的变化，控制装置200根据气压的变化对气囊垫300的气压进行调节。具体地，控制装置200检测供电装置600提供的电压是否正常，若供电装置600提供的电压正常，则控制装置200控制充泄气装置400对气囊垫300进行充气，若供电装置600的电压异常，则使智能防压疮坐垫10停止运行并生成警报提示。充泄气装置400对气囊垫300充气后，检测气囊垫300中的气压压强是否大于压强范围，若气囊垫300中的气压压强大于预设的压强范围，则控制装置200控制充泄器装置400对气囊垫300进行泄气；若气囊垫300中的气压压强小于预设的压强范围，则控制装置200控制充泄器装置400对气囊垫300进行充气。检测气囊垫300中的气压压强是否突增，若气囊垫300中的气压压强突增，则控制装置200根据气压压强的变化调整压强范围，控制装置200根据调整后的压强范围控制充泄气装置400对气囊垫300进行充气。若气囊垫300中的气压压强没有突增，则检测气囊垫300的气压压强是否大于压强范围，使气囊垫300中的气压压强始终保持在预设的压强范围内。
控制装置200还包括用于与外部设备20通信的通信模块210；通信模块210用于将环境信息发送至外部设备20，或接收外部设备20的信息，外部设备20根据环境信息实时监测患者的状态和/或智能防压疮坐垫10的状态，并根据患者的状态和/或智能防压疮坐垫10的状态及时调整气囊垫300的充泄气状态或发出 警报。具体地，通信模块210包括第一通信单元211和第二通信单元212，第一通信单元211用于与外部设备20进行通信，将环境信息发送至外部设备20；第二通信单元212用于与外部设备20连接，获取外部设备20的信息。在一个实施例中，第一通信单元211为GPRS/NB-lot/3G/4G/5G等远距离传输设备；第二通信212单元为蓝牙、wifi等近距离传输设备。
智能防压疮坐垫10还包括与控制装置200连接的生命体征监测装置500，用于监测患者的生命体征信息，并将生命体征信息发送至控制装置200，以使控制装置200对生命体征信息进行打包，并通过通信模块210发送至外部设备20。其中，生命体征信息包括但不局限于心电信号、心率、呼吸、血压或其他生命体征参数。具体地，生命体征监测装置500与第二通信单元连接，将生命体征信息发送至控制装置200内，控制装置200将生命体征信息进行初步处理并打包，通过第一通信单元211发送至外部设备20，便于监护人或主治医生查看患者的体征参数，判断治疗效果和病情的发展，并据此调整后续的治疗方案。
上述智能防压疮坐垫10，根据环境监测装置100获取的环境信息，对智能防压疮坐垫10上的气囊垫300进行充泄气调节，从而对患者的局部组织受力点进行调节，提高预防压疮的效果；同时，充泄气装置400和控制装置200收容于气囊垫300，从而缩小体积，减轻重量，提高智能防压疮坐垫10的便携性。
如图11所示，监护系统包括如前所述的智能防压疮坐垫10以及外部设备20，智能防压疮坐垫10与外部设备20连接，智能防压疮坐垫10将环境信息和/或生命体征信息发送至外部设备20，外部设备20根据环境信息和/或生命体征信息控制智能防压疮坐垫10进行警报提示和/或调整气囊垫300的气压压强。智能防压疮坐垫10与外部设备20连接，将环境信息发送至外部设备20，外部设备20根据环境信息，生成对应的警报提示。其中，外部设备20可以为服务器和/或终端，终端包括电脑、笔记本、平板和手机等设备。具体地，智能防压疮坐垫10与外部设备20具有两种连接方式，其中一种是与服务器连接，将环境信息发送至服务器，服务器将环境信息转发至终端；另一种是与终端连接，将环境信息发送至终端。在一个实施例中，外部设备20为个人电脑，具有显示界面，将环境信息显示在显示界面上，环境信息分为3类，生命无危险类、生命短时间内无危险类的和危及生命类。生命无危险类，比如温度和湿度稍微升高，温度和湿度大于提示阈值，则进行指示灯提示，并调整气囊垫300的气压压强，从而实现患者与智能防压疮坐垫10之间空气温湿度的降低；对生命短时间内无危险类，比如患者失禁，温湿度信号急剧升高，温度和湿度大于警报阈值，则生成警报，并在显示界面上通过黄色标记对生命短时间无危险类信息；危及生命类，比如呼吸暂停、体温急剧降低等，则在显示界面以红色标记危及生命类信息，自动拨打患者的监护人电话，若监护人有应答，则按监护人指示执行；若监护人无应答，则直接拨打医院报警电话。
上述气囊垫组件、智能防压疮坐垫10以及监护系统，通过在气囊垫300的气囊间隙处设置排气管道430的排气口431，当气囊垫300泄气时，气体从排气口431排出，并经气囊间隙带走淤积在患者与气囊垫300之间的潮气，从而使患者与气囊垫300接触部位的湿度下降，从而达到预防压疮的作用；通过设置切换阀450，采用电机440驱动切换阀450将气泵410与不同气囊子区域连通，从而方便对不同气囊子区域进行充泄气调节；同时，有利于降低功耗、体积和重量。
以上实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种气囊垫组件，其特征在于，所述的气囊垫组件包括气囊垫以及与所述气囊垫连通的充泄气装置；
    所述气囊垫包括多个子气囊，相邻所述子气囊之间具有气囊间隙；
    所述充泄气装置设有排气口，所述排气口位于所述气囊间隙处，所述充泄气装置用于对所述气囊垫进行充泄气。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的气囊垫组件，其特征在于，所述充泄气装置包括气泵、充泄气管道以及设有所述排气口的排气管道；
    所述气泵通过所述充泄气管道与所述气囊垫连通，用于对所述气囊垫进行充泄气；以及
    所述排气管道设于所述气囊间隙，所述充泄气管道通过所述排气管道与外部环境连通。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的气囊垫组件，其特征在于，所述气囊垫具有交叉设置的第一方向气囊间隙和第二方向气囊间隙；
    所述排气管道设置有多个所述排气口；
    所述排气管道设于所述第一方向气囊间隙和/或所述第二方向气囊间隙，所述排气口设置在所述第一方向气囊间隙和所述第二方向囊间隙的交叉位置处。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的气囊垫组件，其特征在于，所述充泄气装置还包括第一开关机构，所述第一开关机构设置于所述排气管道上；
    所述第一开关机构用于导通或断开所述气囊垫与所述排气管道之间的连通。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的气囊垫组件，其特征在于，所述充泄气装置还包括第二开关机构，所述第二开关机构用于将所述气泵分别与所述气囊垫和外部环境连通，以使所述气泵能够通过所述第二开关机构对所述气囊垫进行充气或 泄气。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的气囊垫组件，其特征在于，所述第二开关机构包括第一三通阀和第二三通阀，所述第二开关机构具有第一状态和第二状态；
    在第一状态时，所述第一三通阀将所述气泵与外部环境导通，所述第二三通阀将所述气泵与所述气囊垫导通，所述充泄气装置处于充气状态；
    在第二状态时，所述第一三通阀将所述气泵与所述气囊垫导通，所述第二三通阀将所述气泵与所述排气管道导通，所述充泄气装置处于泄气状态。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的气囊垫组件，其特征在于，所述气囊垫包括可充泄气气囊区域，所述可充泄气气囊区域包括多个相互间不连通的气囊子区域；所述充泄气装置还包括电机和与所述电机连接的切换阀，所述电机用于驱动所述切换阀将所述气泵与各个所述气囊子区域连通。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的气囊垫组件，其特征在于，所述切换阀包括主端口和多个副端口，所述充泄气管道包括与所述主端口连通的主管道和与所述副端口连通的副管道；
    所述切换阀的主端口通过主管道与所述气泵连通，所述切换阀的每个所述副端口通过所述副管道与对应的所述气囊子区域连通。
  9. 一种智能防压疮坐垫，其特征在于，包括权利要求1～8中任一项所述的气囊垫组件、环境监测装置以及控制装置；所述气囊垫组件和所述环境监测装置分别与所述控制装置连接；
    所述环境监测装置用于采集环境信息；
    所述控制装置用于根据环境信息控制所述充泄气装置进行充气、泄气。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的智能防压疮坐垫，其特征在于，所述环境监测装置包括重量传感器、气压传感器、温度传感器和湿度传感器中至少一种。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的智能防压疮坐垫，其特征在于，还包括与所述控制装置连接的生命体征监测装置，用于监测患者的生命体征信息，并将所述生命体征信息发送至所述控制装置；所述控制装置根据所述生命体征信息控制所述气囊垫组件。
  12. 一种监护系统，其特征在于，包括权利要求9～11中任一项所述的智能防压疮坐垫以及外部设备；
    所述智能防压疮坐垫与所述外部设备连接；
    所述智能防压疮坐垫将所述环境信息发送至所述外部设备；
    所述外部设备根据所述环境信息控制所述智能防压疮坐垫。
PCT/CN2020/077061 2019-09-06 2020-02-28 气囊垫组件、智能防压疮坐垫以及监护系统 WO2021042681A1 (zh)

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