WO2021042481A1 - 一种雷达天线布局 - Google Patents

一种雷达天线布局 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021042481A1
WO2021042481A1 PCT/CN2019/115194 CN2019115194W WO2021042481A1 WO 2021042481 A1 WO2021042481 A1 WO 2021042481A1 CN 2019115194 W CN2019115194 W CN 2019115194W WO 2021042481 A1 WO2021042481 A1 WO 2021042481A1
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antenna
receiving
transmitting
antennas
parasitic
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PCT/CN2019/115194
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English (en)
French (fr)
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倪勇
陶征
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南京慧尔视智能科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2021042481A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021042481A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart

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  • the invention discloses a radar antenna layout and relates to the technical field of radar detection.
  • microstrip antennas Compared with ordinary antennas, microstrip antennas have the characteristics of low profile, small size, light weight, easy conformal, suitable for mass production using printed circuit technology, and easy integration with active devices. As the radio frequency spectrum becomes more and more crowded, the low frequency band of the microwave frequency band has become saturated. In order to further improve the transmission rate of wireless communication and the resolution of radar, the millimeter wave frequency band has gradually become a research focus. As a key component of wireless communication systems and radar systems, millimeter wave antennas have been widely developed and applied in various fields such as communications, radar, guidance, remote sensing, weather monitoring, radio astronomy, and medical diagnosis and treatment.
  • microstrip antenna unit In radar technology, in order to improve the antenna's anti-interference and anti-ground clutter performance, antennas with low sidelobes, narrow beams, and high gains are often required.
  • the gain of a microstrip antenna unit generally has the shortcomings of low gain and low directivity.
  • the microstrip array antenna composed of microstrip radiating units can meet specific working performance and meet the requirements of specific scenarios, but with frequency As it rises, the loss of the microstrip antenna array will increase, and the mutual coupling effect will become more and more significant, which will seriously affect the performance of the antenna.
  • the present invention provides a radar antenna layout with a simple structure, which effectively reduces antenna loss, improves the overall gain of the system, and saves system cost.
  • a radar antenna layout including: a receiving antenna, a transmitting antenna, and a parasitic antenna.
  • the receiving antenna is arranged between two parasitic antennas, and each receiving antenna is connected to the parasitic antenna.
  • the antennas are arranged at equal intervals.
  • a parasitic antenna is provided on both sides of the transmitting antenna.
  • the parasitic antenna ensures that the gain and directivity of the receiving antenna are consistent.
  • the receiving antenna includes two receiving antenna elements, and the antenna elements consist of a string of antenna elements.
  • the transmitting antenna includes two transmitting antenna units, the parasitic antenna includes two parasitic antenna units, the two receiving antenna units are connected through a power divider and one end of the receiving feeder, and the two The transmitting antenna unit is connected to one end of the transmitting feeder through a power divider.
  • the power divider combines the energy of the receiving antenna unit and feeds it to the receiving feeder and divides the energy of the transmitting feeder to the transmitting antenna unit. Connect the chip module at the other end.
  • one of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna share a parasitic antenna.
  • each receiving feeder is the same, and the length of each transmitting feeder is the same.
  • each of the receiving feeder lines includes a plurality of connected straight sections and curved sections, the connections between each section are not at right angles, and the straight sections are transitionally connected by curved sections;
  • Each transmitting feeder includes multiple connected straight and curved sections.
  • the connection between each section is not at right angles.
  • the straight sections are transitionally connected by curved sections to ensure the impedance continuity of the feeder.
  • the feeder cannot run at right angles and radians. Smaller turns.
  • the distance between the transmitting antennas is 23.49 to 23.59 mm; the distance between the receiving antennas is 5.85 to 5.91 mm, and the distance between the antennas is the distance between the antenna phase centers.
  • the optimal distance between the transmitting antennas is 23.52 mm; the optimal distance between adjacent receiving antennas is 5.88 mm.
  • the spacing between the parasitic antenna elements is 2.71 mm
  • the spacing between the receiving antenna elements is 2.71 mm
  • the spacing between the transmitting antenna elements is 3.68 mm.
  • the distance between the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna is 11.7 to 11.82 mm.
  • the chip module uses the chip IWR1642.
  • a receiving antenna is formed by a power splitter and two antenna units.
  • the gain of the receiving antenna is higher than the gain of the antenna unit, and the beam width is narrower than the width of the antenna unit, thereby meeting the index design requirements.
  • the parasitic array is distributed on both sides of the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna, which can ensure the same antenna gain and directionality, thereby reducing antenna loss.
  • the spacing setting between the transmitting antenna, the receiving antenna and the parasitic antenna and the routing setting of the feeder of the present invention can neglect the mutual coupling between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna, and exactly no grating lobes will be generated in the angle measurement range. Get better angular resolution.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a receiving feeder of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a simulation diagram of insertion loss of the receiving feeder of Fig. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another structure of a receiving feeder according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a simulation diagram of insertion loss of the receiving feeder of Fig. 4;
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a transmitting feeder of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a simulation diagram of insertion loss of the transmitting feeder of Fig. 6;
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another transmitting feeder of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a simulation diagram of insertion loss of the transmitting feeder of Fig. 8.
  • this embodiment provides: a radar antenna layout, including: 4 receiving antennas 1, 2 transmitting antennas 2 and 5 parasitic antennas, the receiving antenna 1 is arranged between the two parasitic antennas, And each receiving antenna 1 and the parasitic antenna are arranged at equal intervals.
  • a parasitic antenna is provided on both sides of the transmitting antenna 2.
  • One of the transmitting antenna 2 and the receiving antenna 1 share a parasitic antenna, and the receiving antenna 1 includes two parasitic antennas.
  • One receiving antenna 1 unit, the transmitting antenna 2 includes two transmitting antenna 2 units, the parasitic antenna includes two parasitic antenna units, and the two receiving antenna 1 units pass through the power divider 3 and one end of the receiving feeder.
  • the two transmitting antenna 2 units are connected to one end of the transmitting feeder through the power divider 3, and the other end of the receiving feeder and the transmitting feeder is connected to the chip module.
  • the distance between the transmitting antennas is 23.49 to 23.59 mm; the distance between the receiving antennas is 5.85 to 5.91 mm.
  • the optimal distance between the transmitting antennas is 23.52 mm; the optimal distance between adjacent receiving antennas is 5.88 mm.
  • the spacing between the parasitic antenna elements is 2.71 mm
  • the spacing between the receiving antenna elements is 2.71 mm
  • the spacing between the transmitting antenna elements is 3.68 mm.
  • the distance between the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna is 11.7 to 11.82 mm.
  • the chip module uses the chip IWR1642.
  • each receiving feeder is the same, and the length of each transmitting feeder is the same, while ensuring that the feeder distance between the antenna and the chip module is the shortest.
  • a receiving feeder line A as shown in Figures 2 to 3 includes multiple connected straight sections. The connection between each section is not at right angles. The straight sections are transitioned by curved sections. The loss of this receiving feeder is Around 1.3dB;
  • a transmitting feeder line C as shown in Figures 6-7 includes a plurality of alternately connected straight and curved sections, and the connection between each section is not at right angles.
  • the microstrip line of this transmitting feeder is 1800 mils long and inserted The loss is large, the insertion loss of 76.5Ghz is at 4.6dB;
  • a transmitting feeder D as shown in Figs. 8-9 includes a straight line segment and a curved segment connected, and the connection between each section is not at right angles, and the insertion loss of the transmitting feeder is about 4.2dB.

Abstract

本发明公开了一种雷达天线布局，包括：接收天线、发射天线和寄生天线，所述接收天线排列在两个寄生天线之间，且每个接收天线与寄生天线等间距设置，所述的发射天线的两侧均设置一个寄生天线，所述的接收天线包括两个接收天线单元，所述的发射天线包括两个发射天线单元，所述的寄生天线包括两个寄生天线单元，两个所述的接收天线单元通过功分器和接收馈线一端连接，两个所述的发射天线单元通过功分器和发射馈线一端连接，所述接收馈线和发射馈线的另一端连接芯片模块。本发明采取寄生阵列分布于接收天线和发射天线两侧，可保证天线的增益和方向性一致，从而降低天线损耗。

Description

一种雷达天线布局 技术领域
本发明公开了一种雷达天线布局，涉及雷达检测技术领域。
背景技术
与普通天线相比，微带天线具有低剖面，体积小，重量轻，易共形，适合于用印刷电路技术大量生产，易于与有源器件集成等特点。随着无线电频谱越来越拥挤，微波频段的低频段己经趋于饱和的程度。为了进一步地提高无线通信的传输速率和雷达的分辨率，毫米波频段逐渐成为了研究重点。作为无线通信系统和雷达系统的一个关键器件，毫米波天线己在通信、雷达、制导、遥感、气象监测、射电天文及医学诊断和治疗等各个领域得到了广泛的发展和应用。
在雷达技术中，为了提高天线的抗干扰和反地面杂波的性能，往往需要低副瓣、窄波束、高増益等特性的天线。而微带天线单元的增益一般通常具有增益不高、方向性不强的缺点，由微带辐射单元组成的微带阵列天线，可以满足特定工作性能，胜任特定的场景要求，但是随着频率的升高，微带天线阵列的损耗会随之增加，互耦效应也越来越显著，将严重影响天线的性能。
发明内容
本发明针对上述背景技术中的缺陷，提供一种雷达天线布局，结构简单，有效降低了天线的损耗，提高系统整体增益，节约了系统成本。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案如下：一种雷达天线布局，包括：接收天线、发射天线和寄生天线，所述接收天线排列在两个寄生天线之间，且每个接收天线与寄生天线等间距设置，所述的发射天线的两侧均设置一个寄生天线，所述寄生天线保证接收天线的增益和方向性一致，所述的接收天线包括两个接收天线单元，天线单元由一串辐射单元组成，所述的发射天线包括两个发射天线单元，所述的寄生天线包括两个寄生天线单元，两个所述的接 收天线单元通过功分器和接收馈线一端连接，两个所述的发射天线单元通过功分器和发射馈线一端连接，功分器将接收天线单元的能量合路并馈给接收馈线以及将发射馈线的能量分给发射天线单元，所述接收馈线和发射馈线的另一端连接芯片模块。
进一步的，其中一个发射天线与接收天线共用一个寄生天线。
进一步的，每条所述接收馈线的长度相同，每条所述的发射馈线的长度相同。
进一步的，每条所述接收馈线包括多个相连的直线段和曲线段，每段之间连接处不为直角，直线段之间由曲线段过渡连接；
每条所述发射馈线包括多个相连的直线段和曲线段，每段之间连接处不为直角，直线段之间由曲线段过渡连接，保证馈线的阻抗连续性，馈线不能走直角和弧度较小的拐弯。
进一步的，所述的接收天线为4个，所述的发射天线为2个。
进一步的，所述的发射天线之间的间距为23.49～23.59mm；所述接收天线之间的间距为5.85～5.91mm，天线之间的间距为天线相位中心的间距。
进一步的，所述的发射天线之间的最佳间距为23.52mm；相邻所述接收天线之间的最佳间距为5.88mm。
进一步的，所述寄生天线单元之间的间距为2.71mm，所述接收天线单元之间的间距为2.71mm，所述发射天线单元之间的间距为3.68mm。
进一步的，所述的接收天线和发射天线之间的间距为11.7～11.82mm。
进一步的，所述的芯片模块采用芯片IWR1642。
有益效果：
1.本发明通过功分器与两个天线单元构成一个接收天线，接收天线的增益比天线单元的增益高，波束宽度会比天线单元的宽度窄，从而满足指标设计要求。
2.采取寄生阵列分布于接收天线和发射天线两侧，可保证天线的增益和方 向性一致，从而降低天线损耗。
3.本发明发射天线、接收天线、寄生天线之间间距设置以及馈线的走线设置，可将发射天线和接收天线之间的互耦性忽略，在角度测量范围内正好不会产生栅瓣，获得更好的角度分辨率。
附图说明
图1为本发明系统示意图；
图2为本发明一种接收馈线的结构示意图；
图3为图2接收馈线的插损仿真图；
图4为本发明另一种接收馈线的结构示意图；
图5为图4接收馈线的插损仿真图；
图6为本发明一种发射馈线的结构示意图；
图7为图6发射馈线的插损仿真图；
图8为本发明另一种发射馈线的结构示意图；
图9为图8发射馈线的插损仿真图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对技术方案的实施作进一步的详细描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案，而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。
如图1所示，本实施例提供了：一种雷达天线布局，包括：4个接收天线1、2个发射天线2和5寄生天线，所述接收天线1排列在两个寄生天线之间，且每个接收天线1与寄生天线等间距设置，所述的发射天线2的两侧均设置一个寄生天线，其中一个发射天线2与接收天线1共用一个寄生天线，所述的接收天线1包括两个接收天线1单元，所述的发射天线2包括两个发射天线2单元，所述的寄生天线包括两个寄生天线单元，两个所述的接收天线1单元通过功分器3和接收馈线一端连接，两个所述的发射天线2单元通过功分器3和发射馈线一端连接，所述接收馈线和发射馈线的另一端连接芯片模块。
所述的发射天线之间的间距为23.49～23.59mm；所述接收天线之间的间距为5.85～5.91mm。
所述的发射天线之间的最佳间距为23.52mm；相邻所述接收天线之间的最佳间距为5.88mm。
所述寄生天线单元之间的间距为2.71mm，所述接收天线单元之间的间距为2.71mm，所述发射天线单元之间的间距为3.68mm。
所述的接收天线和发射天线之间的间距为11.7～11.82mm。
所述的芯片模块采用芯片IWR1642。
每条接收馈线的长度相同，每条所述的发射馈线的长度相同，同时保证天线与芯片模块之间的馈线距离最短。
如图2～3所示的一种接收馈线A，其包括多个相连的直线段，每段之间的连接处不为直角，直线段之间由曲线段过渡，这种接收馈线的损耗在1.3dB左右；
如图4～5所示的一种接收馈线B，其包括多个相连的曲线段和过渡的直线段，每段之间的连接处不为直角，这种接收馈线的损耗在1.5dB左右；
如图6～7所示的一种发射馈线C，其包括多个交替相连的直线段和曲线段，每段之间的连接处不为直角，这种发射馈线的微带线长1800mil，插损较大，76.5Ghz插损在4.6dB；
如图8～9所示的一种发射馈线D，其包括相连的一条直线段和曲线段，每段之间的连接处不为直角，这种发射馈线插损在4.2dB左右。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和变形，这些改进和变形也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种雷达天线布局，其特征在于，包括：接收天线、发射天线和寄生天线，所述接收天线排列在两个寄生天线之间，且每个接收天线与寄生天线等间距设置，所述的发射天线的两侧均设置一个寄生天线，所述的接收天线包括两个接收天线单元，所述的发射天线包括两个发射天线单元，所述的寄生天线包括两个寄生天线单元，两个所述的接收天线单元通过功分器和接收馈线一端连接，两个所述的发射天线单元通过功分器和发射馈线一端连接，所述接收馈线和发射馈线的另一端连接芯片模块。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种雷达天线布局，其特征在于，其中一个发射天线与接收天线共用一个寄生天线。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种雷达天线布局，其特征在于，每条所述接收馈线的长度相同，每条所述的发射馈线的长度相同。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种雷达天线布局，其特征在于，每条所述接收馈线包括多个相连的直线段和曲线段，每段之间连接处不为直角，直线段之间由曲线段过渡连接；
    每条所述发射馈线包括多个相连的直线段和曲线段，每段之间连接处不为直角，直线段之间由曲线段过渡连接。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种雷达天线布局，其特征在于，所述的接收天线为4个，所述的发射天线为2个。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种雷达天线布局，其特征在于，所述的发射天线之间的间距为23.49～23.59mm；所述接收天线之间的间距为5.85～5.91mm。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种雷达天线布局，其特征在于，所述的发射天线之间的最佳间距为23.52mm；相邻所述接收天线之间的最佳间距为5.88mm。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种雷达天线布局，其特征在于，所述寄生天线单元之间的间距为2.71mm，所述接收天线单元之间的间距为2.71mm，所述发射天线单元之间的间距为3.68mm。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种雷达天线布局，其特征在于，所述的接收天线和发射天线之间的间距为11.7～11.82mm。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的一种雷达天线布局，其特征在于，所述的芯片模块采用芯片IWR1642。
PCT/CN2019/115194 2019-09-04 2019-11-03 一种雷达天线布局 WO2021042481A1 (zh)

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