WO2021037241A1

WO2021037241A1 - Molten metal droplet splashing protective clothing and processing method

Info

Publication number: WO2021037241A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/112250
Authority: WO
Inventors: 方海素; 叶娜珍; 唐岷; 斯特伍德约翰
Original assignee: 世源科技(嘉兴)医疗电子有限公司
Priority date: 2019-08-30
Filing date: 2020-08-28
Publication date: 2021-03-04
Also published as: CN110495654A

Abstract

An item of molten metal droplet splashing protective clothing and a processing method. Regarding the defect of existing nuclear industry protective clothing not being capable of satisfying both costs and an impact-resistance performance against molten metal droplets, the following technical solution is proposed: an item of molten metal droplet splashing protective clothing, comprising, from inside to outside, an inner layer (1), an outer layer (2) and a flame-retardant coating (3). The inner layer (1) is a needle-punched non-woven fabric mainly made of an adhesive fiber and subjected to a flame-retardant padding treatment; the outer layer (2) is pure cotton woven plain cloth subjected to a flame-retardant padding treatment; the flame-retardant coating (3) is a dried high-viscosity high-solid flame-retardant coating; the flame-retardant coating (3) is only applied onto a surface layer; and the inner layer (1) and the outer layer (2) are bonded by a hot-melt adhesive. The molten metal droplet splashing protective clothing ensures an impact-resistance performance against molten metal droplets, and also reduces production costs.

Description

Molten metal drop splash protective clothing and processing method

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of protective clothing for labor protection, and specifically relates to a protective clothing for molten metal drop splashing and a processing method.

Background technique

Special types of work such as welding and cutting are often used in the daily overhaul and maintenance of nuclear power plants. Protective products are needed during welding and cutting. The ISO11611 standard specifies the safety protection performance of welding protective clothing. In the nuclear industry environment, the use of protective products that can be reused many times is not only expensive to decontaminate, and the pipeline is cumbersome, but also prone to the risk of radioactive contamination due to poor decontamination. High-demand safety precautions and regulations recommend that the internal protection products of the nuclear industry environment adopt disposable products.

Traditional welding work clothes, the protective clothing fabric is a special process for high-weight cotton canvas to do a secondary flame-retardant finishing, according to the characteristics of the type of work, the use of sewing technology specially made labor protection clothing. The fabrics of such welding work clothes are thick, stiff, and uncomfortable to wear. The more important problem is that they are expensive and difficult to use as disposable protective equipment.

In view of the shortcomings of traditional welding work clothes, many countries in the world currently use aramid fabrics and post-finishing welding protective clothing for nuclear power plants. Although this kind of aramid fabric protective clothing has fundamentally improved the thickness, stiffness, and discomfort of traditional welding clothing, the cost of aramid fabric protective clothing is very expensive, and it is not suitable as a disposable protective clothing for the nuclear industry.

Related patents such as CN103799575A disclose a method for making pure cotton flame-retardant protective clothing. The technical solution is to first make cotton clothes, and then perform follow-up operations such as soaking in flame retardant when the customer needs it. The program failed to involve ISO9150 related performance protection.

Related patents such as CN108032561A disclose a composite high-temperature flame-retardant fabric, which uses a carbon fiber cloth for temperature-resistant flame-retardant protective clothing, including a carbon fiber cloth layer, which is composed of carbon fiber weft yarns and shaped warp yarns. A carbon fiber cloth layer unit with a width of 8-9 cm is formed, and two adjacent carbon fiber cloth layer units are connected by a shaped warp yarn; a primer layer and an aluminum film layer are sequentially arranged under the carbon fiber cloth layer. The left and right sides of the carbon fiber cloth layer unit are provided with selvedges to prevent the carbon fiber weft and the shaped warp from spreading. The paint layer is a polyurethane varnish layer. The carbon fiber cloth has low thermal conductivity, good heat insulation, flame retardant and air permeability, wear resistance and folding resistance, and low cost. The fabric produced by this technical scheme has good antistatic effect and good reflection effect on heat radiation, but it still lacks effective protection ability for the protection of direct contact with high temperature objects. The program also failed to involve ISO9150 related performance protection.

Related patents such as CN105935176A disclose a flame-retardant fabric, which is made of oxygen-rich fiber, which has the advantages of high temperature resistance, molten iron resistance, and chemical resistance, but no heat insulation performance. Due to material cost considerations, it is not suitable for manufacturing disposable protective clothing.

Related patents such as CN207088647U discloses a composite high-temperature flame-retardant fabric, which adopts a multi-layer structure, and the first non-woven layer is composed of para-aramid fiber, polyimide fiber, Baodelun fiber, and aramid fiber. At least one composition, and the second non-woven layer is composed of a mixture of meta-aramid fibers and a certain amount of antibacterial fibers. When encountering flames or high temperatures, because the second non-woven layer has significantly high heat shrinkability, the composite non-woven fabric will be arched, thereby achieving high thermal insulation performance. The technical solution can not only achieve a good flame retardant effect, but also achieve heat insulation performance. However, since it is all made of high flame-retardant fabrics such as aramid, the material cost is very high and it is not suitable for manufacturing disposable protective clothing.

CN109680491A discloses a biodegradable flame-retardant protective clothing fabric. The fabric is made of polyvinyl alcohol spunlace nonwoven fabric through padding and coating processes, which can meet the requirements of Class I protection in the ISO9150 standard for molten metal drop splash test. However, because the polyvinyl alcohol-based fabric melts instantly when it comes into contact with high-temperature molten metal droplets, melting holes are generated, and it is difficult to meet the Class II standard requirements.

Summary of the invention

Aiming at the disadvantages of the existing protective clothing for the nuclear industry that the cost and high resistance to molten metal drop impact cannot be taken into account, the present invention provides a molten metal drop splash protective clothing to ensure high resistance to molten metal drop impact while reducing costs. The invention also provides a method for processing molten metal droplet splash protective clothing.

The present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a molten metal dripping splash protective clothing, which includes an inner layer, an outer layer and a flame-retardant coating from the inside to the outside, and the inner layer is made of adhesive fibers that have undergone flame-retardant padding treatment. The main needle-punched non-woven fabric, the outer layer is a pure cotton woven plain weave that has undergone a flame-retardant padding treatment, and the flame-retardant coating is a dried high-viscosity, high-solid flame-retardant coating. The flame-retardant coating is applied only on the surface layer, and the inner layer and the outer layer are bonded by hot melt adhesive.

The molten metal splashing protective clothing of the present invention uses a needle-punched non-woven fabric mainly made of viscose fiber that has undergone flame-retardant padding treatment as a thermal insulation layer, which is light and fluffy, and has a large thickness. When the surface is in contact with molten metal droplets, the high temperature is not easily transmitted to the wearer's skin surface through it, and because it does not have melting characteristics, it still maintains its original structure and heat insulation until it is decomposed. Function, after flame-retardant treatment, it will not burn due to high temperature; its outer layer is made of pure cotton woven plain cloth. When the molten metal drop contacts the cloth surface, it will immediately be carbonized to form an isolation layer to prevent further damage to the cloth surface; In order to maintain the softness of the fabric, the flame retardant coating is only applied on the surface layer and does not penetrate deeply into the fabric. Compared with the prior art, the protective clothing of the present invention has a lower production cost.

As an improvement, the needle-punched nonwoven fabric of the inner layer contains 50-80% by mass of viscose fibers and 20-50% by mass of polyester staple fibers.

As an improvement, the grammage range of the needle punched nonwoven fabric of the inner layer is 50-150 gsm.

As an improvement, the weight range of the pure cotton woven plain weave cloth of the outer layer is 80-200 gsm.

As an improvement, the flame retardant aqueous solution used for the flame retardant padding of the inner layer is an aliphatic phosphorus nitrogen compound flame retardant aqueous solution with a concentration of 15% (w/w); the padding residual rate is 80-150%. The drying temperature is 135-145°C.

As an improvement, the flame-retardant coating is prepared as follows: 50kg of ammonium polyphosphate with a degree of polymerization of 1500-2000, aliphatic polyoxyethylene ether surfactant 0.08kg, hydrophobically modified acrylic polymer thickener 6kg, acrylic acid Emulsion adhesive 25kg, aliphatic phosphorus nitrogen compound flame retardant 50kg, non-surface active type (hydrocarbon and higher fatty acid ester mixture) softener 7kg, water 50-80kg and a small amount of color paste, stir it on a high-speed mixer to form a paste Shape, the viscosity is 5000-20000cp. Ammonium polyphosphate is used as a high-temperature carbonized film producing substance; aliphatic polyoxyethylene ether surfactant is used as a wetting agent to make the flame retardant paste easy to spread on the surface of the fabric; the hydrophobically modified acrylic polymer thickener increases the viscosity of the paste and makes It does not easily penetrate into the interior of the cloth; acrylic emulsion adhesive is used to improve the color fastness of the cloth; aliphatic phosphorus and nitrogen compound flame retardant is used to prevent the cloth from burning at high temperatures; non-surface active (hydrocarbon and higher fatty acid ester mixture) ) Softener is used to improve the softness of cloth;

As an improvement, after coating, it is dried at 145-155°C, and the dry coating amount (cloth weight gain) is 30-100gsm.

A method for processing molten metal splashing protective clothing, the processing method includes:

S1. The viscose fiber and polyester staple fiber are fully mixed, and after carding into a net, the needle punching process is used to make a needle punched non-woven fabric;

S2. Bonding the cotton plain weave fabric and the needle-punched non-woven fabric by a hot-melt adhesive spraying compound process;

S3, padding and drying the bonded cloth in the flame retardant aqueous solution;

S4. On the doctor blade coater, evenly coat the flame-retardant paste on the surface of the flame-retardant treated cotton plain weave cloth and dry it, the flame-retardant paste contains ammonium polyphosphate;

S5. The obtained composite coated fabric is made into protective clothing.

As an improvement, the weight percentage of the viscose fiber is 50-80%, and the weight percentage of the polyester staple fiber is 20-50%. After testing, the effect is better when the weight percentage of viscose fiber is 70%, and the weight percentage of polyester staple fiber is 30%. When the polyester content is too high, the fabric will easily melt and break when exposed to high temperatures, which will affect the protective performance; when the polyester content is too low, the strength of the fabric will be too low, and the proper tension cannot be obtained when it is combined with the woven fabric, resulting in poor composite flatness. Polyester staple fiber can also be replaced with other materials with similar properties.

As an improvement, the grammage range of the needle punched nonwoven fabric is 50-150gsm; the grammage range of the pure cotton woven plain weave fabric is 80-200gsm.

As an improvement, the flame retardant aqueous solution is an aliphatic phosphorus nitrogen compound flame retardant aqueous solution with a concentration of 15% (w/w); the padding residual rate is 80-150%, and the drying temperature after padding is 135-145 ℃. The drying temperature after padding is preferably 140°C.

The flame-retardant coating is a paste containing 20-30% by mass concentration of ammonium polyphosphate with a polymerization degree of 1500-2000.

As an improvement, the flame-retardant paste is prepared as follows: 50kg of ammonium polyphosphate with a degree of polymerization of 1500-2000, aliphatic polyoxyethylene ether surfactant 0.08kg, hydrophobically modified acrylic polymer thickener 6kg, acrylic acid Emulsion adhesive 25kg, aliphatic phosphorus nitrogen compound flame retardant 50kg, non-surface active type (hydrocarbon and higher fatty acid ester mixture) softener 7kg, water 50-80kg and a small amount of color paste, stir it on a high-speed mixer to form a paste The viscosity is 5000-20000cp; the drying temperature after coating is 145-155℃, and the dry coating amount is 30-100gsm. The drying temperature after coating is preferably 150°C.

As an improvement, the amount of hot melt adhesive used in the hot melt adhesive spraying and compounding process is 4-7 gsm. The amount of hot melt adhesive for the hot melt adhesive spraying compounding process is preferably 5 gsm.

The beneficial effect of the molten metal splashing protective clothing of the present invention is that the inner layer adopts a needle-punched non-woven fabric mainly made of viscose fiber that has undergone flame-retardant padding treatment, as a thermal insulation layer, is light and fluffy, and has a large thickness. When the outer surface of the cloth is in contact with molten metal droplets, the high temperature is not easily transmitted to the wearer’s skin surface through it, and because it does not have melting characteristics, it will still maintain its original organizational structure until it is decomposed. Its heat insulation function, after flame-retardant treatment, it will not burn due to high temperature; its outer layer is made of pure cotton woven plain weave, when the molten metal drop contacts the cloth surface, it is immediately carbonized to form an isolation layer and prevent the surface of the cloth. It is further damaged; in order to maintain the softness of the fabric, the flame-retardant coating is only applied on the surface and does not penetrate deeply into the fabric. The protective clothing of the present invention can meet the protective performance of the highest level Class II of the ISO11611 standard and the requirements of related protective clothing standards. It has a soft texture, a needle-punched flannel on the inner side is hydrophilic and sweat-absorbent, and it is light and comfortable to wear. Personnel wear protective clothing. The method of destruction, in addition to landfill, can also be soaked in water to dry, and after part of the soluble flame retardant is removed, it can be incinerated.

Description of the drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fabric of the molten metal drop splash protective clothing according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a processing flow chart of the molten metal drop splash protective clothing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1. The inner layer;

2. Outer layer;

3. Flame retardant coating.

detailed description

In the following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the creative embodiments of the present invention, the technical solutions of the creative embodiments of the present invention will be explained and described. However, the following embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the examples in the implementation manners, other examples obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope created by the present invention.

Example 1 of the fabric of the protective clothing against splashes of molten metal

Referring to Figure 1, a molten metal drop splash protective clothing includes an inner layer, an outer layer and a flame-retardant coating from the inside to the outside. The inner layer is a needle made of adhesive fibers that has undergone a flame-retardant padding treatment. Punched non-woven fabric, the outer layer is a pure cotton woven plain weave that has undergone flame-retardant padding treatment, the flame-retardant coating is a high-viscosity, high-solid flame-retardant coating after drying, the flame-retardant coating The layer is only coated on the surface layer, and the inner layer and the outer layer are bonded by hot melt adhesive.

As an improvement, the flame-retardant coating is prepared as follows: 50kg of ammonium polyphosphate with a degree of polymerization of 1500-2000, aliphatic polyoxyethylene ether surfactant 0.08kg, hydrophobically modified acrylic polymer thickener 6kg, acrylic acid Emulsion adhesive 25kg, aliphatic phosphorus nitrogen compound flame retardant 50kg, non-surface active type (hydrocarbon and higher fatty acid ester mixture) softener 7kg, water 50-80kg and a small amount of color paste, stir it on a high-speed mixer to form a paste It has a viscosity of 5000-20000cp. After coating, it is dried at 145-155℃, and the dry coating amount is 30-100gsm.

The first embodiment of the processing method of molten metal drop splash protective clothing

700kg of viscose fiber and 300kg of polyester staple fiber are mixed with a cotton blender, and then carded into a web with a carding machine. The cotton web enters the needle punching machine in a parallel laying method and is reinforced by needle punching to become a needle punched non-woven fabric with a width of 1.6 meters and a weight of 90 gsm.

Take 110gsm cotton plain weave cloth with a width of 1.6 meters, and make glue-spraying compound together with the above-mentioned needle punched non-woven cloth. The amount of hot melt glue spray is about 5gsm.

The aliphatic phosphorus and nitrogen compound flame retardant is dissolved in water to prepare a 15% w/w aqueous solution, the above-mentioned composite cloth is immersed in the solution, and dried in a two-roll mill, the roll pressure is 0.4MPa, with liquid The rate is about 125%. The fabric is dried in an oven at 140°C to make a composite flame-retardant fabric. Randomly cut a 2.5cm wide and 20cm long spline, hang it vertically, and ignite the lower end with a propane flame of 8cm long. After 8 seconds, remove the flame. The flame at the end of the spline is immediately extinguished, and there is no smoldering phenomenon.

Weigh 50 kg of ammonium polyphosphate flame retardant with a degree of polymerization of 2000, aliphatic polyoxyethylene ether wetting agent 0.08 kg, hydrophobically modified acrylic polymer thickener 6 kg, acrylic emulsion adhesive 25 kg, and aliphatic phosphorus nitrogen Compound flame retardant 50kg, non-surface active (hydrocarbon and higher fatty acid ester mixture) softener 7kg, water 70kg, 8117 environmental protection color paste 0.18kg, 8204 environmental protection color paste 0.28kg, stir the above materials on a high-speed mixer into Pasty, the viscosity of the paste is about 15000.

Load the composite flame-retardant fabric on the knife coater, add the paste prepared above into the coating tank, adjust the position and angle of the knife, and adjust the coating weight (dry weight gain) under the monitoring of the online weight detector. ) At 60gsm, the fabric is dried, trimmed and rolled in an oven at 150℃.

The above-mentioned fabrics are cut and sewn into protective clothing.

After sampling the key parts of the protective clothing, the test was conducted on the drop tester according to the ISO9150 standard. The test result was an average of 35 drops, which exceeded the Class II (the highest level) required by the ISO11611 "Protective clothing for welding and similar processes" standard. grade).

The protective clothing has undergone biocompatibility tests such as cytotoxicity and skin irritation, etc., and proves that it has good compatibility with the human body surface skin, and is non-toxic and has no side effects. According to the ASTM F1959M standard, the arc resistance test was carried out, and the ARC grade reached 23.6cal/cm2; the heat attenuation factor HAF reached 91.9%; the flame extinguishing time was 0 seconds. The fabric also passed the requirements of ASTM F1506 "Standard Performance Specification for Flame Retardant Protective Clothing Fabrics for Electricians Who Are Exposed to Instantaneous Arc and Related Thermal Hazards."

The second embodiment of the processing method of molten metal drop splash protective clothing

Compared with the first embodiment, in the second embodiment, the coating amount of the paste is reduced to 30gsm, and the fabric is produced by the same process as in the first embodiment. According to the ISO9150 test, the number of droplets is 25, which just reaches the Class II level.

The third embodiment of the processing method of molten metal drop splash protective clothing

Compared with Example 1, in Example 3, the 110gsm cotton plain weave cloth was changed to 200gsm cotton twill cloth. The fabric is produced with the same process as in Example 1. After ISO9150 testing, the number of droplets is 20, which can only reach the Class I level.

Embodiment 4 of the processing method of molten metal drop splash protective clothing (comparative example)

Compared with Example 1, in Example 4, the needle-punched non-woven fabric is compounded with the plain cotton woven fabric without flame retardant treatment. Other follow-up processes are the same as in the first embodiment. The fabric produced is tested by ISO9150, and the number of drops is 14 drops, which does not meet the standard requirements. During the test, it was obvious that the needle-punched layer was ignited by molten droplets, resulting in smoldering, and the heat generated caused the sensor's temperature to continue to rise, and the test was terminated ahead of schedule.

Embodiment 5 of the processing method of molten metal drop splash protective clothing (comparative example)

Compared with Example 1, in Example 5, a 90gsm flame-retardant PP spunbond nonwoven fabric was used instead of 90gsm needle punched viscose nonwoven fabric. The fabric produced by the same process as in Example 1 was tested by ISO9150, and the number of drops was 22, which did not meet the standard requirements. After the test, the sample was taken out and it was observed that the PP non-woven fabric had been melted and ironed at high temperature and adhered to the inner side of the outer cotton cloth. There was no thickness and it could not play the role of heat insulation.

Embodiment 6 of the processing method of molten metal drop splash protective clothing (comparative example)

Compared with Example 1, in Example 6, the ammonium polyphosphate component in the coating paste formulation was removed, and the rest remained unchanged. The fabric produced by the same process as in Example 1 has been tested by ISO9150 and the number of droplets is 16 drops, which does not meet the standard requirements. After the test, it can be seen that the sample has been burned through by high temperature. The experiment confirmed that it is precisely because of the high molecular weight ammonium polyphosphate that a carbonized layer is produced when exposed to high temperatures, which has a good protective effect on the outer surface of the cotton plain weave.

Embodiment 7 of the processing method of molten metal drop splash protective clothing

Compared with Example 1, in Example 7, when the paste coating amount was increased to 100gsm, the fabric was produced using the same process as Example 1. The number of droplets was 42 drops after ISO9150 testing, far exceeding the requirements of Class II. . However, due to the high coating amount of the fabric, the fabric feels stiff, and the wearing comfort is not good.

The eighth embodiment of the processing method of molten metal drop splash protective clothing

Compared with Example 1, in Example 8, when the weight of the needle punched nonwoven fabric used was increased to 150gsm, the fabric was produced by the same process as in Example 1. When the ISO9150 detection was performed, the sensor did not respond in time to the droplets. phenomenon. In other words, when the droplet impacts the sample, the sensor shows that the temperature rise is slow and the amplitude is too small. Although it can be manually timed, or other counting methods such as infrared sensors can be used to record the number of falling droplets, when the end of the test is reached, the number of droplets obtained is very high. In terms of fabric comfort, the fabric is too heavy, which is not conducive to long-term wear in a high-temperature environment, and it is not economical in terms of cost.

Claims

A protective clothing for molten metal splashing, comprising an inner layer, an outer layer and a flame-retardant coating from the inside to the outside, and is characterized in that: the inner layer is a needle made of adhesive fibers that has undergone a flame-retardant padding treatment. Punched non-woven fabric, the outer layer is a pure cotton woven plain weave that has undergone flame-retardant padding treatment, the flame-retardant coating is a high-viscosity, high-solid flame-retardant coating after drying, the flame-retardant coating The layer is only coated on the surface layer, and the inner layer and the outer layer are bonded by hot melt adhesive.
The molten metal dripping splash protective clothing according to claim 1, wherein the needle-punched nonwoven fabric of the inner layer contains 50-80% viscose fiber and 20-50% by mass. Polyester staple fiber.
The molten metal drop splash protective clothing according to claim 1, wherein the needle-punched nonwoven fabric of the inner layer has a grammage range of 50-150gsm.
The molten metal drop splash protective clothing according to claim 1, wherein the gram weight range of the pure cotton woven plain cloth of the outer layer is 80-200 gsm.
A method for processing molten metal splashing protective clothing, characterized in that: the processing method includes:

S1. The viscose fiber and polyester staple fiber are made into needle punched non-woven fabric;

S2. Bonding the plain cotton woven fabric and the needle-punched non-woven fabric by a hot-melt adhesive spraying compound process;

S3, padding and drying the bonded cloth in the flame retardant aqueous solution;

S4. Evenly coat the flame-retardant paste on the surface of the flame-retardant treated cotton plain weave cloth and dry it, the flame-retardant paste contains ammonium polyphosphate;

S5. The obtained composite coated fabric is made into protective clothing.
The method for processing molten metal splashing protective clothing according to claim 5, wherein the weight percentage of the viscose fiber is 50-80%, and the weight percentage of the polyester staple fiber is 20-50. %; the grammage range of the needle punched nonwoven fabric is 50-150gsm; the grammage range of the pure cotton woven plain weave fabric is 80-200gsm.
The method for processing molten metal drop splash protective clothing according to claim 5, wherein the hot melt adhesive dosage in the hot melt adhesive spraying compounding process is 4-7gsm; and the flame retardant aqueous solution is 15% (w/w) concentration of aliphatic phosphorus-nitrogen compound flame retardant aqueous solution; the padding residual rate is 80-150%, and the drying temperature after padding is 135-145°C.
The method for processing molten metal drop splash protective clothing according to claim 5, wherein the flame retardant coating contains ammonium polyphosphate with a mass concentration of 20-30% and a degree of polymerization of 1500-2000. Paste.
The method for processing molten metal drop splash protective clothing according to claim 8, characterized in that the flame-retardant coating is prepared as follows: polyphosphoric acid with a degree of polymerization of 1500-2000 as a substance for producing a high-temperature carbonized film Ammonium 50kg, aliphatic polyoxyethylene ether surfactant as a humectant 0.08kg, a hydrophobically modified acrylic polymer thickener 6kg, an acrylic emulsion adhesive for improving the color fastness of the fabric 25kg, for preventing the fabric 50kg of aliphatic phosphorus-nitrogen compound flame retardant that burns at high temperature, non-surface active (hydrocarbon and higher fatty acid ester mixture) softener 7kg, water 50-80kg and a small amount of color paste used to improve the softness of fabrics. Stir it into a paste on a high-speed mixer with a viscosity of 5000-20000cp.
The method for processing molten metal drop splash protective clothing according to claim 5, wherein the drying temperature after coating is 145-155°C, and the dry coating amount is 30-100 gsm.