WO2021036960A1 - 一种电控制器件的检测电路、检测方法及电动汽车 - Google Patents

一种电控制器件的检测电路、检测方法及电动汽车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021036960A1
WO2021036960A1 PCT/CN2020/110652 CN2020110652W WO2021036960A1 WO 2021036960 A1 WO2021036960 A1 WO 2021036960A1 CN 2020110652 W CN2020110652 W CN 2020110652W WO 2021036960 A1 WO2021036960 A1 WO 2021036960A1
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Prior art keywords
module
detection
control device
detection module
electrical signal
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PCT/CN2020/110652
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杜宝海
刘昌鑑
傅焱辉
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
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Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to EP20856185.2A priority Critical patent/EP3933421B1/en
Publication of WO2021036960A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021036960A1/zh
Priority to US17/552,348 priority patent/US11867748B2/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/28—Testing of electronic circuits, e.g. by signal tracer
    • G01R31/282—Testing of electronic circuits specially adapted for particular applications not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/2827—Testing of electronic protection circuits
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/28—Testing of electronic circuits, e.g. by signal tracer
    • G01R31/282—Testing of electronic circuits specially adapted for particular applications not provided for elsewhere
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/28—Testing of electronic circuits, e.g. by signal tracer
    • G01R31/282—Testing of electronic circuits specially adapted for particular applications not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/2829—Testing of circuits in sensor or actuator systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B23/00—Testing or monitoring of control systems or parts thereof
    • G05B23/02—Electric testing or monitoring
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B23/00—Testing or monitoring of control systems or parts thereof
    • G05B23/02—Electric testing or monitoring
    • G05B23/0205—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults
    • G05B23/0208—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults characterized by the configuration of the monitoring system
    • G05B23/0213—Modular or universal configuration of the monitoring system, e.g. monitoring system having modules that may be combined to build monitoring program; monitoring system that can be applied to legacy systems; adaptable monitoring system; using different communication protocols
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/005—Testing of electric installations on transport means
    • G01R31/006—Testing of electric installations on transport means on road vehicles, e.g. automobiles or trucks
    • G01R31/007—Testing of electric installations on transport means on road vehicles, e.g. automobiles or trucks using microprocessors or computers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/327—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers
    • G01R31/3277—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers of low voltage devices, e.g. domestic or industrial devices, such as motor protections, relays, rotation switches
    • G01R31/3278—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers of low voltage devices, e.g. domestic or industrial devices, such as motor protections, relays, rotation switches of relays, solenoids or reed switches
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of electronic technology, and in particular, to a detection circuit, a detection method and an electric vehicle of an electric control device.
  • the replacement of fuel vehicles by electric vehicles has become a trend in the development of the automobile industry.
  • the battery packs currently used are basically high-voltage and small-current or lower-voltage and large-current solutions.
  • the controller controls the high-voltage loop through the use of relays to achieve indirect control.
  • the relay is a mechanical switch after all. After a long period of work, there may be an aging problem, which may further cause the relay or the wiring harness connected to the relay to fail. These conditions have a great impact on the safe operation of the vehicle, and the diagnosis of the relay becomes particularly important.
  • the purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a detection circuit, a detection method, and an electric vehicle of an electric control device, so that the drive circuit of the electric control device can be diagnosed as a fault.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a detection circuit of an electric control device.
  • the detection circuit is used to detect a drive circuit of the electric control device.
  • the drive circuit of the electric control device includes a drive power module, a high-side switch unit, and The low-side switch unit, the drive power module is connected to the first end of the high-side switch unit, the second end of the high-side switch unit is connected to the first end of the electric control device, and the first end of the low-side switch unit is connected to the first end of the electric control device.
  • the detection circuit includes: a detection power module, a first switch module, a second switch module, a first detection module, a second detection module, and a control module;
  • the output terminal is connected with the first terminal of the first switch module, the second terminal of the first switch module is connected with the first terminal of the electric control device, and the first terminal of the first detection module is connected with the second terminal of the first switch module and the electric
  • the first node between the first ends of the control device is connected, the second end of the first detection module is connected to the second end of the electric control device, and the third end of the first detection module is connected to the control module;
  • the first end is connected to the second node between the second end of the electric control device and the second end of the first detection module, the second end of the second detection module is connected to the control module, and the third end of the second detection module is grounded
  • the first switch module and the second switch module are respectively connected to the control module; the second switch module is connected in series between the first end of
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a detection method of an electric control device, which is applied to the control module in the detection circuit of the electric control device mentioned in the above embodiment, and the detection method includes: obtaining the electric power of the third terminal of the first detection module. Signal, and/or, the electrical signal of the second end of the second detection module; determine the drive of the electrical control device according to the electrical signal of the third end of the first detection module, and/or the electrical signal of the second end of the second detection module Whether the circuit is faulty.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide an electric vehicle, including an electrochemical device, an electric control device, and any one of the detection circuits described above.
  • the embodiments of the present application have different electrical conduction conditions when the drive circuit of the electrical control device is in a normal state and electrical conduction conditions when a fault occurs.
  • the voltage at the first end of the electrical control device in the drive circuit is And/or, the voltage of the second terminal of the electrical control device is different, so that the circuit conduction conditions of the first detection module and/or the second detection module are different. Therefore, the electrical signal of the third terminal of the first detection module can be passed, and/ Or, the electrical signal at the second end of the second detection module is used to determine whether the drive circuit is faulty, so that the drive circuit of the electrical control device can be faulty detected.
  • the first detection module includes a first power supply sub-module, a first current-limiting sub-module, and a switching element; the first end of the switching element is used as the first end of the first detection module, and the second end of the switching element is used as the first detection module
  • the third end of the switching element is connected to the first power sub-module through the first current-limiting sub-module, the fourth end of the switching element is grounded, and the third end of the switching element is used as the third end of the first detection module;
  • the third end of the switching element is connected to the first power submodule, the fourth end of the switching element is connected to the first end of the first current limiting submodule, the second end of the first current limiting submodule is grounded, and the first limiting submodule is grounded.
  • the first end of the current sub-module serves as the third end of the first detection module; wherein, when there is a current flowing from the first end of the switching element to the second end of the switching element, the third end of the switching element and the second end of the switching element An electrical conduction path is formed between the four ends.
  • the detection circuit further includes a first current-limiting module; the first end of the first detection module is connected to the first node through the first current-limiting module.
  • the detection circuit also includes a filter module; the third end of the first detection module is connected to the control module through the filter module. In this implementation, the stability of the detection signal at the third end of the first detection module is ensured.
  • the first detection module includes: a first power supply sub-module, a filtering sub-module, a first current-limiting sub-module, and a switching element; the first end of the switching element serves as the first end of the first detection module, and the second end of the switching element As the second end of the first detection module; the third end of the switching element is connected to the first power submodule through the first current limiting submodule, the fourth end of the switching element is connected to the first end of the filtering submodule, and the filtering submodule The second end of the filter submodule is grounded, and the third end of the filter submodule serves as the third end of the first detection module.
  • the switching element is any one of a photocoupler, a relay, a reed tube, and an optical field effect tube.
  • the second detection module includes a second power supply sub-module, a second current-limiting sub-module, and a switch tube.
  • the second power-supply sub-module is connected to the first end of the switch tube through the second current-limiting sub-module, and the second end of the switch tube is As the third end of the second detection module, the control end of the switch tube is used as the first end of the second detection module, and the first end of the switch tube is used as the second end of the second detection module.
  • the detection circuit further includes a second current-limiting module, and the second end of the second detection module is connected to the control module through the second current-limiting module.
  • the detection power supply module includes a third power supply submodule and a voltage divider submodule.
  • the third power supply submodule is connected to the first end of the voltage divider submodule, and the second end of the voltage divider submodule serves as the output end of the detection power supply module.
  • the detection circuit also includes a freewheeling module, and the freewheeling module is connected in parallel with the electrical control device. In this implementation, it is possible to avoid the situation that the induced electromotive force generated by the electrical control device burns the device in the circuit.
  • the freewheeling module includes transient suppression diodes.
  • the detection circuit further includes a third detection module.
  • the first end of the third detection module is connected to the first end of the high-side switch unit, and the second end of the third detection module is connected to the control module. 3. Detect the electrical signal at the second end of the module to determine whether the drive power module fails. In this implementation, it is possible to perform fault detection on the drive power module when the electrical control device is not enabled.
  • control module includes a processing sub-module and a first multiple selection sub-module, and the processing sub-module is respectively connected to the third end of the first detection module and the second end of the second detection module through the first multiple selection sub-module.
  • the "one-to-many" detection function of the processor port is implemented.
  • control module includes a processing sub-module and a second multiple selection sub-module, and the processing sub-module is respectively connected to the high-side switch unit and the low-side switch unit through the second multiple selection sub-module.
  • the "one-to-many" control function of the processor port is implemented.
  • the electrical signal of the third end of the first detection module and the electrical signal of the second end of the second detection module are acquired, and the electrical signal is determined based on the electrical signal of the third end of the first detection module and the electrical signal of the second end of the second detection module.
  • Whether the drive circuit of the control device fails specifically includes: controlling the first switch module to close when the low-side switch unit is not enabled; acquiring the first electrical signal of the second end of the second detection module; When the level of the electrical signal is not the preset first level, the second switch module is controlled to close, and the second electrical signal of the third terminal of the first detection module is obtained; according to the second electrical signal, the fault of the drive circuit of the electrical control device is determined Types of.
  • determining the fault type of the drive circuit of the electrical control device according to the second electrical signal includes: judging whether the level of the second electrical signal is a preset second level; if the judgment result is yes, determining the electrical control device The fault type of the drive circuit of the electric control device is an open circuit fault; if the judgment result is no, it is determined that the fault type of the drive circuit of the electric control device is a short ground fault.
  • the detection method of the electric control device further includes: determining that no short power failure occurs in the driving circuit of the electric control device.
  • the method for judging whether a short power failure occurs in the drive circuit of the electric control device is: in a state where the first switch module and the second switch module are both disconnected, obtain the third electrical signal of the second end of the second detection module; judge; Whether the level of the third electrical signal is the first level; if the judgment result is yes, it is determined that a short power failure has occurred in the drive circuit of the electrical control device; if the judgment result is no, it is determined that the drive circuit of the electrical control device has not been short-circuited electricity failure.
  • acquiring the electrical signal of the second end of the second detection module, and judging whether the drive circuit of the electrical control device is faulty according to the electrical signal of the second end of the second detection module specifically includes: when the first switch module is closed, Enable the low-side switch unit; obtain the fourth electrical signal at the second end of the second detection module; determine whether the level of the fourth electrical signal is the preset second level; if the determination result is yes, determine the low-side switch unit The enable is normal; if the judgment result is no, it is determined that the enable of the low-side switch unit is abnormal.
  • the detection method of the electrical control device further includes: disconnecting the first switch module and the low-side switch unit; acquiring the fifth electrical signal at the second end of the third detection module; Whether the voltage of the five electrical signal is within the preset range; if the judgment result is yes, it is determined that the driving power module is normal; if the judgment result is no, it is determined that the driving power module is abnormal.
  • the detection method of the electrical control device further includes: disconnecting the low-side switch unit and the first switch module, enabling the high-side switch unit; The sixth electrical signal; judge whether the level of the sixth electrical signal at the second end of the second detection module is the preset first level; if the judgment result is yes, it is determined that the high-side switch unit is enabled normally; if the judgment result is If it is not, it is determined that the high-side switch unit is enabled abnormally.
  • the electrical signal of the third terminal of the first detection module obtains the electrical signal of the third terminal of the first detection module, and determine whether the drive circuit of the electrical control device is faulty according to the electrical signal of the third terminal of the first detection module, which specifically includes: a high-side switch unit and a low-side switch unit Enable, close the second switch module when the first switch module is off; monitor the electrical signal of the third terminal of the first detection module in real time; determine that the level of the electrical signal of the third terminal of the first detection module is not the first When the level is two, it is determined that the drive circuit of the electrical control device is faulty.
  • the electrical signal of the third terminal of the first detection module which specifically includes: a high-side switch unit and a low-side switch unit Enable, close the second switch module when the first switch module is off; monitor the electrical signal of the third terminal of the first detection module in real time; determine that the level of the electrical signal of the third terminal of the first detection module is not the first When the level is two, it is determined that the drive circuit of the electrical
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection circuit of an electrical control device according to a first embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection circuit of another electrical control device according to the first embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first detection module of the second embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a second detection module of the third embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection power supply module according to a fourth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of a drive circuit and a detection circuit of an electrical control device according to a fourth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection circuit of an electrical control device according to a fifth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram of a drive circuit and a detection circuit of an electrical control device of a fifth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the detection circuit of the electrical control device of the sixth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram of a drive circuit and a detection circuit of the electric control device of the sixth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection circuit of an electrical control device according to a seventh embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the detection circuit and the driving circuit of the electric control device of the seventh embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the control module and the high-side switch unit and the low-side switch unit of the eighth embodiment of the present application;
  • 15 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the detection circuit and the driving circuit of the electric control device of the eighth embodiment of the present application.
  • 16 is a flowchart of the detection method of the electrical control device of the ninth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 17 is a flowchart of the detection method of the electric control device of the tenth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electric vehicle in an embodiment of the present application.
  • connection and “connection” mentioned in this application include direct and indirect connection (connection) unless otherwise specified.
  • the first embodiment of the present application relates to a detection circuit 10 of an electrical control device.
  • the detection circuit 10 is used to detect a drive circuit of the electrical control device 20.
  • the drive circuit of the electrical control device 20 includes a drive power module 21.
  • the high-side switch unit 23 and the low-side switch unit 22, the drive power module 21 is connected to the first end of the high-side switch unit 23, the second end of the high-side switch unit 23 is connected to the first end of the electric control device 20, and the low
  • the first end of the side switch unit 22 is connected to the second end of the electric control device 20, and the second end of the low side switch unit 22 is grounded.
  • the detection circuit 10 includes: a detection power module 101, a first switch module 102, a second switch module 103, a first detection module 104, a second detection module 105, and a control module 106; the output of the detection power module 101
  • the first terminal of the first switch module 102 is connected to the first terminal of the first switch module 102
  • the second terminal of the first switch module 102 is connected to the first terminal of the electric control device 20
  • the first terminal of the first detection module 104 is connected to the first terminal of the first switch module 102.
  • the first node 1001 between the two ends and the first end of the electrical control device 20 is connected, the second end of the first detection module 104 is connected to the second end of the electrical control device 20, and the third end of the first detection module 104 is connected to The control module 106 is connected; the first end of the second detection module 105 is connected to the second node 1002 between the second end of the electric control device 20 and the second end of the first detection module 104, and the second end of the second detection module 105 Terminal is connected to the control module 106, the third terminal of the second detection module 105 is grounded; the first switch module 102 and the second switch module 103 are respectively connected to the control module; the second switch module 103 is connected in series with the second terminal of the first detection module 104 Between the terminal and the second node 1002; the control module 106 is used to obtain the electrical signal of the third terminal of the first detection module 104, and/or the electrical signal of the second terminal of the second detection module 105; The electrical signal at the third end and/or the electrical signal at the second end
  • the second terminal of the second detection module 105 when the first terminal of the second detection module 105 is connected to a high level, the second terminal of the second detection module 105 is at a preset first level, and when the first terminal of the second detection module 105 is connected to a low level, The level of the second end of the second detection module 105 is the reverse level of the first level.
  • the electrical signal of the third terminal of the first detection module 104 is at the preset second level, and the first detection module
  • the electrical signal of the third terminal of the first detection module 104 When there is no current flowing between the first terminal of the first detection module 104 and the second terminal of the first detection module 104, the electrical signal of the third terminal of the first detection module 104 is the reverse level of the preset second level.
  • connection relationship between the first switch module 102 and the second switch module 103 and the control module 106 is not shown in the figure, but it does not represent that the control module 106 is connected to the first switch module 102 and the second switch module 102. There is no connection between the switch modules 103, and the control module 106 can be connected to the first switch module 102 and the second switch module 103 by wired or wireless connection.
  • the electrical conduction of the drive circuit of the electrical control device in the normal state is different from the electrical conduction of the electrical control device when a fault occurs.
  • the voltage at the first end of the electrical control device in the drive loop, and/or the electrical control device The voltage at the second end of the second detection module is different, which makes the circuit conduction conditions of the first detection module and/or the second detection module different. Therefore, the electrical signal of the third end of the first detection module can be passed through, and/or the electrical signal of the second detection module The electrical signal at the second end is used to determine whether the drive circuit is faulty, so that the drive circuit of the electrical control device can be faulty detected.
  • the current output by the power supply module 101 is less than the operating current of the electrical control device.
  • the operating current refers to the minimum current that causes the electrical control device to operate.
  • the first terminal of the second detection module 105 does not detect an electrical signal or detects a low-level signal
  • the level of the electrical signal output by the second terminal of the second detection module 105 is not the preset first level
  • the first end of the second detection module 105 detects the electrical signal
  • the level of the electrical signal output by the second end of the second detection module 105 is the preset first level.
  • the level output by the third terminal of the first detection module 104 is the preset second level.
  • the electrical signal output by the third terminal of the first detection module 104 is the reverse of the preset second level Level signal. Since the current output by the detection power supply module 101 is less than the operating current of the electrical control device, after the first switch module 102 is closed, the electrical control device 20 is still in the inactive state. After closing the first switch module 102 and disconnecting the second switch module 103, if there is no fault in the drive circuit, it is detected that there is an electrical conduction path between the first end of the power supply module 101 and the second detection module 105, and the second detection module 105 The electrical signal at the second end of the is a preset first level.
  • the control module 106 can determine that there is a fault in the driving circuit.
  • the control module 106 closes the second switch module 103 to further determine the fault type of the drive circuit. Since there is an open circuit fault in the drive circuit, the current output by the detection power module 101 passes through the first detection module 104.
  • the impedance of the detection power module 101 to the ground is close to 0, so the current output by the power module 101 is detected It does not pass through the first detection module 104. Therefore, when different types of faults occur in the driving circuit, the electrical signals of the third end of the first detection module 104 are different.
  • the control module 106 can determine the electrical signal of the drive circuit according to the electrical signal of the third terminal of the first detection module 104 Fault type.
  • the first level can be either a high level or a low level. In practical applications, it can be determined according to the device type and circuit structure selected by each module in the detection circuit. . For example, if the drive loop is normal, the electrical signal at the second end of the second detection module 105 is a low level signal, and the first level is low. If the drive loop is normal, the second end of the second detection module 105 When the electrical signal is a high level signal, the first level is a high level.
  • the second switch module 103 is connected in series between the second end of the first detection module 104 and the second node 1002.
  • the second switch module 103 can also be connected in series between the first end of the first detection module 104 and the first node 1001.
  • FIG. 2 This embodiment does not limit the position of the second switch module 103.
  • the electrical control device may be a relay or other devices that use a small current to control its state. This embodiment does not limit the specific type of the electrical control device.
  • the detection circuit of the electrical control device has different electrical conduction conditions when the drive circuit of the electrical control device is in the normal state and the electrical conduction condition when a failure occurs, so the electrical control in the drive circuit is different.
  • the voltage at the first terminal of the device and/or the voltage at the second terminal of the electrical control device are different. Therefore, the voltage at the first terminal of the electrical control device and/or the voltage at the second terminal of the electrical control device can be Detection to determine whether the drive circuit is faulty, so that the drive circuit of the electrical control device can be fault detected, for example, the electrical signal of the third terminal of the first detection module, and/or the second detection module of the second detection module can be detected.
  • the electrical signal of the first detection module is detected to determine whether the drive circuit is faulty, so that the drive circuit of the electrical control device can be faulty detected. Therefore, the control module can obtain the electrical signal of the third end of the first detection module, according to the first detection module.
  • the electrical signal of the third end of a detection module is used to determine whether the drive circuit of the electrical control device is faulty, or the electrical signal of the second end of the second detection module is acquired, and the electrical signal of the second end of the second detection module is obtained according to the electrical signal of the second end of the second detection module.
  • the electrical signal of the third end of the detection module and the electrical signal of the second end of the second detection module are used to determine whether the drive circuit of the electrical control device is faulty, thereby realizing the fault detection and determination of the drive circuit of the electrical control device The purpose of the failure type.
  • the second embodiment of the present application relates to a detection circuit of an electrical control device.
  • the second embodiment is an example of the circuit structure of the first detection module 104 of the first embodiment.
  • the first detection module 104 includes a first power sub-module 1041, a first current-limiting sub-module 1042, and a switching element 1043; the first end of the switching element 1043 serves as the first The first terminal A1 of a detection module 104, the second terminal of the switching element 1043 are used as the second terminal A2 of the first detection module 104, and the third terminal of the switching element 1043 passes through the first current limiting sub-module 1042 and the first power sub-module 1041 is connected, the fourth end of the switching element 1043 is grounded, the third end of the switching element 1043 is used as the third end A3 of the first detection module 104, and the second level is a low level.
  • the first current limiting sub-module 1012 may include one or more resistors.
  • FIG. 3 takes the first current-limiting sub-module 1042 in series between the third end of the switching element 1043 and the first power sub-module 1041 as an example to illustrate the structure of the first detection module 104, and practical applications
  • the connection relationship between the first current-limiting sub-module 1042, the first power sub-module 1041, and the switching element 1043 may also be: the third end of the switching element 1043 is connected to the first power sub-module 1041, and the fourth end of the switching element 1043 Connected to the first end of the first current-limiting sub-module 1042, the second end of the first current-limiting sub-module is grounded, the first end of the first current-limiting sub-module serves as the third end A3 of the first detection module, and the second terminal Level is high.
  • This embodiment does not limit the connection relationship between the first current-limiting sub-module 1042, the first power sub-module 1041, and the switching element 1043.
  • the detection circuit further includes a filtering module.
  • the third end of the first detection module 104 is connected to the control module through the filter module.
  • the third end of the first detection module 104 is connected to the first end of the filter module, the second end of the filter module is grounded, and the third end of the filter module is connected to the control module.
  • the third end of the first detection module is connected to the control module through the filter module, which can ensure the stability of the detection signal of the third end of the first detection module.
  • the filter module includes a capacitor.
  • the filter module can also adopt other circuit structures.
  • a first-order RC filter circuit structure can be selected. This embodiment does not limit the specific circuit structure of the filter module.
  • FIG. 3 uses FIG. 3 as an example to illustrate the detection method of the first detection module.
  • the output terminal of the detection power module 101 is equivalent to grounding, and no current flows through the first terminal of the switching element 1043 and the second terminal of the switching element 1043, and the third terminal of the switching element 1043 and the switching element
  • the fourth terminal of 1043 cannot form an electrical conduction path, so the level of the electrical signal at the third terminal of the switching element 1043 is not at the second level, that is, the level of the electrical signal at the third terminal of the first detection module 104 is not at the second level. Level. Therefore, the control module 106 can determine the fault type of the drive circuit according to the electrical signal of the third terminal of the first detection module 104.
  • the switching element is any one of a photocoupler, a relay, a reed tube, and an optical field effect tube.
  • the detection circuit further includes a first current-limiting module; the first end of the first detection module is connected to the first node through the first current-limiting module.
  • the addition of the first current-limiting module in the first detection module can avoid problems such as damage to the control module caused by excessively high electrical signal potential or current output from the fourth terminal of the switching element.
  • the first detection module 104 may also adopt other structural forms.
  • the first detection module 104 includes: a first power sub-module 1041 The filter sub-module 1044, the first current-limiting sub-module 1042 and the switching element 1043; the first end of the switching element 1043 is used as the first end A1 of the first detection module 104, and the second end of the switching element 1043 is used as the first detection module 104 The second end A2; the third end of the switching element 1043 is connected to the first power sub-module 1041 through the first current-limiting sub-module 1042, the fourth end of the switching element 1043 is connected to the first end of the filtering sub-module 1044, the filtering sub-module The second end of 1044 is grounded, the third end of the filtering sub-module 1044 is used as the third end A3 of the first detection module, and the second level is high.
  • the filter sub-module 1044 may be a capacitor, the first end of the capacitor is used as the first end and the third end of the filter sub-module, and the second end of the capacitor is used as the second end of the filter sub-module.
  • the filtering sub-module 1044 may also adopt an RC filtering structure or the like.
  • the detection circuit of the electrical control device is due to the connection state between the third end of the switching element and the fourth end of the switching element when an open circuit fault or a short-circuit fault occurs in the drive circuit
  • the difference causes the electrical signal of the third terminal of the first detection module to be different. Therefore, the control module can determine the fault type according to the electrical signal of the third terminal of the first detection module.
  • the third embodiment of the present application relates to a detection circuit of an electrical control device.
  • This embodiment is an example of the circuit structure of the second detection module 105 in the first embodiment.
  • the second detection module 105 includes a second power sub-module 1051, a second current-limiting sub-module 1052, and a switch tube 1053.
  • the second power sub-module 1051 passes through the second
  • the current-limiting sub-module 1052 is connected to the first terminal of the switch tube 1053, the control terminal of the switch tube 1053 serves as the first terminal B1 of the second detection module, and the first terminal of the switch tube 1053 serves as the second terminal B2 of the second detection module.
  • the second end of the switch tube 1053 serves as the third end B3 of the second detection module.
  • the state of the switch tube 1053 changes according to the voltage of the electrical signal input to the control terminal of the switch tube 1053
  • the first terminal of the switch tube 1053 is turned on.
  • the terminal is a low-level signal. If the first terminal and the second terminal of the switch tube 1053 are not turned on, the first terminal of the switch tube 1053 is a high-level signal. Since the drive circuit of the electrical control device 20 is normal and the drive circuit of the electrical control device 20 fails, the electrical signal received by the control terminal of the switch tube 1053 is different, and therefore, the electrical signal of the first terminal of the switch tube 1053 is different.
  • the switch tube is an N-type transistor, and the preset first level is a low level.
  • the first switch module 102 is closed, if the first terminal of the switch tube is a low-level signal, it means that the first terminal and the second terminal of the switch tube are conductive, that is, the drive circuit of the electric control device is normal.
  • One end is a high-level signal, indicating that the first end and the second end of the switch tube are not turned on, that is, the drive circuit of the electrical control device is malfunctioning.
  • control module may further determine its fault type based on the detection result of the first detection module.
  • the detection circuit further includes a second current-limiting module, and the second terminal B2 of the second detection module 105 is connected to the control module 106 through the second current-limiting module.
  • adding a second current-limiting module to the detection circuit can avoid problems such as damage to the control module due to the excessively high electrical signal output by the second end of the second detection module.
  • the detection circuit of the electrical control device provided in this embodiment has different electrical signals at the control end of the switch tube when the drive circuit is not faulty or when there is no fault.
  • the electrical signals of the first end of the switching tube are different, therefore, the control module can determine whether the drive circuit is faulty according to the electrical signal of the first end of the switching tube.
  • the fourth embodiment of the present application relates to a detection circuit of an electrical control device.
  • This embodiment is an example of the circuit structure of the detection power module 101 of the first embodiment.
  • the detection power supply module 101 includes a third power supply submodule 1011 and a voltage dividing submodule 1012, and the third power supply submodule 1011 is connected to the first end of the voltage dividing submodule 1012. , The second terminal of the voltage dividing sub-module 1012 serves as the output terminal C1 of the detection power module 101.
  • the voltage dividing sub-module 1012 includes one resistor or multiple resistors.
  • the impedance value of the voltage dividing sub-module 1012 can be determined according to the voltage output by the third power sub-module 1011 and the operating current of the electrical control device, which is not limited here.
  • the electrical control device 20 is a relay
  • the first detection module adopts the structure shown in FIG. 4
  • the second detection module adopts the structure listed in the third embodiment
  • the detection power module adopts the structure listed in the fourth embodiment.
  • the circuit diagram of the drive loop and detection circuit of the electrical control device is shown in Figure 7.
  • V1 represents the drive power module of the drive circuit
  • V2 represents the third power submodule in the detection power module
  • R2 represents the voltage divider submodule
  • S1 represents the first switch module
  • S2 represents the second switch module
  • R1 represents the first switch module.
  • a current-limiting module V3 represents the first power sub-module, R3 represents the first current-limiting sub-module, OM1 represents the switching element, C represents the filter sub-module, A3 represents the third terminal of the first detection module, and V4 represents the second power sub-module Module, R4 represents the second current-limiting sub-module, B2 represents the second end of the second detection module, R5 represents the second current-limiting module, and Q1 represents the switch tube.
  • the first level is a low level
  • the second level is a high level.
  • the detection circuit of the electrical control device provided in this embodiment has a voltage divider sub-module in series in the detection power module, and the output current of the detection power module is less than the operating current of the electrical control device, so that the detection circuit The fault detection of the drive circuit of the electric control device can be completed in the state where the electric control device is not enabled.
  • the fifth embodiment of the present application relates to a detection circuit of an electrical control device.
  • This embodiment is a further improvement of the first embodiment.
  • the specific improvement is: a freewheeling module 107 is added to the detection circuit. The content already described in the method will not be repeated here.
  • the freewheeling module 107 is connected in parallel with the electric control device 20.
  • the freewheeling module 107 is a transient suppression diode
  • the circuit diagram of the driving circuit and the detection circuit of the electric control device is shown in FIG. 9.
  • D1 represents the transient suppression diode
  • V1 represents the drive power of the drive circuit
  • V2 represents the third power submodule in the detection power module
  • R2 represents the voltage divider submodule
  • S1 represents the first switch module
  • S2 represents the second Switch module
  • R1 represents the first current-limiting module
  • V3 represents the first power sub-module
  • R3 represents the first current-limiting sub-module
  • OM1 represents the switching element
  • C represents the filter sub-module
  • A3 represents the third terminal of the first detection module
  • V4 represents the second power sub-module
  • R4 represents the second current-limiting sub-module
  • B2 represents the second end of the second detection module
  • R5 represents the second current-limiting module
  • Q1 represents the switch tube.
  • the detection circuit of the electrical control device connects the freewheeling module in parallel with the electrical control device.
  • the induced electromotive force generated by the electrical control device passes through the continuous flow module.
  • the circuit formed by the current module and the electric control device is consumed by work, which protects the safety of other devices in the circuit.
  • the sixth embodiment of the present application relates to a detection circuit of an electrical control device.
  • This embodiment is a further improvement of the first embodiment. The specific improvement is that a third detection module is added to the detection circuit. The content already described in the method will not be repeated here.
  • the first end of the third detection module 108 of the detection circuit is connected to the first end of the high-side switch unit 23, and the second end of the third detection module 108 is connected to the control module 106 to control
  • the module 106 is also used to determine whether the driving power module 21 fails according to the electrical signal of the second end of the third detection module 108.
  • the third detection module 108 can detect the drive power module 21 and the high-side switch unit 23. It is judged whether the driving power module 21 is faulty.
  • the third detection module 108 is composed of resistors.
  • the circuit diagram of the drive circuit and detection circuit of the electrical control device is shown in Figure 11.
  • R6 represents the third detection module
  • D represents the second end of the third detection module
  • D1 represents the transient suppression diode
  • V1 represents the drive power of the drive circuit
  • V2 represents the third power sub-module in the detection power module 101
  • R2 represents the voltage divider sub-module
  • S1 represents the first switch module 102
  • S2 represents the second switch module 103
  • R1 represents the first current-limiting module
  • V3 represents the first power sub-module
  • R3 represents the first current-limiting sub-module
  • OM1 Represents the switching element
  • C represents the filter submodule
  • A3 represents the third terminal of the first detection module
  • V4 represents the second power submodule
  • R4 represents the second current limiting submodule
  • B2 represents the second terminal of the second detection module
  • R5 represents the second current-limiting module
  • FIG. 11 is only an example. In practical applications, each module can adopt other circuit structures with similar functions, and this embodiment does not limit the specific circuit structure of each module.
  • the detection circuit of the electrical control device provided by this embodiment can determine the drive power supply in the drive loop based on the electrical signal at the second end of the third detection module when the electrical control device is not enabled. Whether it is faulty, the fault detection of the drive circuit of the electric control device is further improved.
  • the seventh embodiment of the present application relates to a detection circuit of an electrical control device, and this embodiment is an example of the structure of the control module.
  • the control module 106 includes a processing sub-module 1061 and a first multiplexing sub-module 1062.
  • the processing sub-module 1061 communicates with the first detection module 104 through the first multiplexing sub-module 1062, respectively.
  • the three terminals are connected to the second terminal of the second detection module 105.
  • the first multiplexing sub-module 1062 includes multiple multiplexers.
  • the first multiplexer submodule 1062 includes a first multiplexer 10621 and a second multiplexer 10622.
  • the processing sub-module 1061 is connected to the third end of the first detection module 104 through the first multiplexer 10621, and the processing sub-module 1061 is connected to the second end of the second detection module 105 through the second multiplexer 10622.
  • the processing sub-module 1061 is connected to the first detection module 104 and the second detection module 105 through multiple selection sub-modules, the "one-to-many" detection function of the processor port is realized, which reduces the number of processing The requirement of the number of ports of the sub-modules enables one processing sub-module to be connected to more first detection modules 104 and second detection modules 105.
  • the seventh embodiment of the present application relates to a detection circuit of an electrical control device, and this embodiment is an example of the structure of the control module.
  • the control module 106 includes a processing sub-module 1061 and a second multiplexing sub-module 1063.
  • the processing sub-module 1061 is connected to the high-side switch unit 23 and the low-side switch unit 23 and the low-side switch unit through the second multiplexing sub-module 1063.
  • the side switch unit 22 is connected.
  • the second multiplexer 1063 includes a third multiplexer 10631 and a fourth multiplexer 10632.
  • the processing sub-module 1061 is connected to the high-side switch unit 23 of the electrical control device 20 through the third multiplexer 10631, and the processing sub-module 1061 is connected to the low-side switch unit 22 of the electrical control device 20 through the fourth multiplexer 10632.
  • the processing sub-module 1061 is connected to the first switch module 102 through the fifth multiplexer 1064, and the processing sub-module 1061 is connected to the second switch module 103 through the sixth multiplexer 1065.
  • connection mode of the processing sub-module with the high-side switch unit and the low-side switch unit adopts a "one-to-many" control connection mode, the demand for the number of ports of the processing sub-module is further reduced.
  • the ninth embodiment of the present application relates to a detection method of an electrical control device, which is applied to the control module in the detection circuit of the electrical control device of any of the first to seventh embodiments, as shown in FIG. 16,
  • the detection methods of electrical control devices include:
  • Step 301 Obtain the electrical signal of the third terminal of the first detection module, and/or the electrical signal of the second terminal of the second detection module.
  • control module is respectively connected to the third terminal of the first detection module and the second terminal of the second detection module, and can obtain the electrical signal of the third terminal of the first detection module, and/or the second terminal of the second detection module. Electrical signal at both ends.
  • Step 302 According to the electrical signal of the third terminal of the first detection module, and/or the electrical signal of the second terminal of the second detection module, determine whether the drive circuit of the electrical control device is faulty.
  • the detection method may specifically include:
  • the voltage of the first terminal of the electrical control device in the drive circuit, and/or the electrical control device’s electrical conduction is different.
  • the voltage of the second terminal is different, which makes the circuit conduction conditions of the first detection module and/or the second detection module different. Therefore, the electrical signal of the third terminal of the first detection module can be passed, and/or the first detection module of the second detection module Two-terminal electrical signals are used to determine whether the drive circuit is faulty, so that the drive circuit of the electrical control device can be faulty detected.
  • this embodiment is a method example corresponding to the first embodiment to the seventh embodiment, and this embodiment can be implemented in cooperation with the first embodiment to the seventh embodiment.
  • the related technical details mentioned in the first embodiment to the seventh embodiment are still valid in this embodiment, and in order to reduce repetition, they will not be repeated here.
  • the related technical details mentioned in this embodiment can also be applied to the first embodiment to the seventh embodiment.
  • the tenth embodiment of the present application relates to a detection method of an electrical control device.
  • This embodiment exemplifies that the control module mentioned in the ninth embodiment is based on the electrical signal of the third terminal of the first detection module and the detection of the second detection module.
  • the electrical signal at the second end is a process of judging whether the drive circuit of the electrical control device is faulty.
  • the detection method in this embodiment includes the following steps:
  • Step 311 Control the first switch module to close.
  • the control module determines that no short power failure has occurred in the drive circuit of the electric control device.
  • Step 312 Obtain the first electrical signal of the second end of the second detection module.
  • the detection power module can supply power to the detection circuit.
  • the control module can determine whether the driving circuit of the electric control device is normal according to the first electric signal.
  • Step 313 Determine whether the first electrical signal is a preset first level.
  • step 314 is executed, otherwise, step 315 is executed.
  • the second detection module includes a second power sub-module, a second current-limiting sub-module, and a switch tube.
  • the second power sub-module is connected to the first end of the switch tube through the second current-limiting sub-module.
  • the second end is used as the third end of the second detection module
  • the control end of the switch tube is used as the first end of the second detection module
  • the first end of the switch tube is used as the second end of the second detection module.
  • the switch tube is an N-type transistor
  • the first level is a low level. If the first electrical signal is low after closing the first switch module, it means that the switch tube is enabled and the drive circuit of the electrical control device is normal. If the first electrical signal is high, it means the switch tube is not enabled. Then the drive circuit of the electric control device is abnormal.
  • Step 314 Determine that the drive circuit of the electrical control device is normal. After that, the process ends.
  • Step 315 Control the second switch module to close, and obtain the second electrical signal of the third terminal of the first detection module.
  • Step 316 Determine the fault type of the drive circuit of the electrical control device according to the second electrical signal.
  • the current output by the detection power module passes through the first detection module. If there is a short ground fault in the drive circuit, the impedance from the detection power module to the ground is close to 0, so the current output by the power module is detected. It does not pass through the first detection module. Therefore, when different fault types occur in the drive circuit, the electrical signals of the third terminal of the first detection module are different, and the control module can determine the fault type of the drive circuit of the electrical control device according to the second electrical signal.
  • this embodiment is a method example corresponding to the first embodiment to the seventh embodiment, and this embodiment can be implemented in cooperation with the first embodiment to the seventh embodiment.
  • the related technical details mentioned in the first embodiment to the seventh embodiment are still valid in this embodiment, and in order to reduce repetition, they will not be repeated here.
  • the related technical details mentioned in this embodiment can also be applied to the first embodiment to the seventh embodiment.
  • the eleventh embodiment of the present application relates to a detection method of an electrical control device.
  • This embodiment is a further improvement on the detection method shown in FIG. 17 of the tenth embodiment.
  • the specific improvement lies in: in step 311 Previously, a step of determining whether a short power failure occurred in the drive circuit of the electrical control device was added, and step 316 was refined.
  • the detection method of the electrical control device includes steps 401 to 411, where steps 404 to 408 are substantially the same as steps 311 to 315 of the tenth embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
  • steps 404 to 408 are substantially the same as steps 311 to 315 of the tenth embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
  • the differences are mainly introduced below:
  • Step 401 In a state where both the first switch module and the second switch module are disconnected, obtain the third electrical signal of the second end of the second detection module.
  • the control module can determine according to the electrical signal of the second terminal of the second detection module Whether there is a short power failure in the drive circuit of the electric control device.
  • Step 402 Determine whether the level of the third electrical signal is the first level.
  • step 403 is executed, otherwise, step 404 is executed.
  • the switch tube of the second detection module Since the first switch module and the high-side switch unit are not enabled, under normal circumstances, the switch tube of the second detection module is not turned on, and the electrical signal at the first end of the switch tube should not be at the first level. If a short power failure occurs in the drive circuit, the switch tube will be enabled, which will cause the first end of the switch tube to be at the first level. Therefore, the control module can determine whether the drive circuit has occurred according to the electrical signal of the second end of the second detection module. Short power failure.
  • the switch tube is an N-type transistor, and the first level is a low level.
  • the first level may be a high level.
  • the switch tube is a P-type transistor
  • the preset first level is a high level.
  • the method does not limit the first level to be a low level or a high level.
  • Step 403 It is determined that a short power failure has occurred in the drive circuit of the electric control device. After that, the process ends.
  • Step 404 Control the first switch module to close.
  • Step 405 Obtain the first electrical signal of the second end of the second detection module.
  • Step 406 Determine whether the level of the first electrical signal is a preset first level.
  • step 407 is executed; otherwise, step 408 is executed.
  • Step 407 Determine that the drive circuit of the electrical control device is normal. After that, the process ends.
  • Step 408 Control the second switch module to close, and obtain the second electrical signal of the third terminal of the first detection module.
  • Step 409 Determine whether the level of the second electrical signal is a preset second level.
  • step 410 is executed, otherwise, step 411 is executed.
  • the first detection module includes a first power sub-module, a filtering sub-module, a first current-limiting sub-module, and a switching element
  • the second level is a high level.
  • the first end of the switching element is used as the first end of the first detection module
  • the second end of the switching element is used as the second end of the first detection module
  • the third end of the switching element passes through the first current limiting sub-module and the first power supply sub-module.
  • the fourth end of the switching element is connected to the first end of the filter submodule, the second end of the filter submodule is grounded, and the third end of the filter submodule serves as the third end of the first detection module; where, when there is a current When flowing from the first end of the switching element to the second end of the switching element, an electrical conduction path is formed between the third end of the switching element and the fourth end of the switching element.
  • the current output by the detection power module flows through the first end of the switching element and the second end of the switching element, and an electrical conduction path is formed between the third end of the switching element and the fourth end of the switching element. Therefore, the electrical signal at the fourth terminal of the switching element is at the second level.
  • the output terminal of the detection power module is equivalent to grounding, and no current flows through the first terminal of the switching element and the second terminal of the switching element, the third terminal of the switching element and the fourth terminal of the switching element The electrical conduction path cannot be formed, so the electrical signal at the fourth end of the switching element is not at the second level.
  • Step 410 Determine that the fault type of the drive circuit of the electrical control device is an open-circuit fault. After that, the process ends.
  • Step 411 Determine that the fault type of the drive circuit of the electrical control device is a short ground fault.
  • this embodiment is a method example corresponding to the first embodiment to the seventh embodiment, and this embodiment can be implemented in cooperation with the first embodiment to the seventh embodiment.
  • the related technical details mentioned in the first embodiment to the seventh embodiment are still valid in this embodiment, and in order to reduce repetition, they will not be repeated here.
  • the related technical details mentioned in this embodiment can also be applied to the first embodiment to the seventh embodiment.
  • the twelfth embodiment of the present application relates to a detection method of an electrical control device.
  • This embodiment exemplifies that the control module mentioned in the ninth embodiment determines the electrical control device according to the electrical signal at the second end of the second detection module The process of whether the drive circuit is faulty.
  • the detection method in this embodiment includes the following steps:
  • Step 501 When the first switch module is closed, the low-side switch unit is enabled.
  • Step 502 Obtain the fourth electrical signal of the second end of the second detection module.
  • the control module can determine whether the low-side switch unit uses the fourth electrical signal detected by the second detection module. Can be normal.
  • Step 503 Determine whether the level of the fourth electrical signal is a preset second level.
  • step 504 is executed; otherwise, it is determined that the low-side switch unit is enabled normally, and step 505 is executed.
  • the second detection module includes a second power sub-module, a second current-limiting sub-module, and a switch tube.
  • the second power sub-module is connected to the first end of the switch tube through the second current-limiting sub-module, and the switch tube
  • the control terminal of the switch tube is used as the first terminal of the second detection module
  • the first terminal of the switch tube is used as the second terminal of the second detection module
  • the second terminal of the switch tube is used as the third terminal of the second detection module. If the switch tube is an N-type transistor, the second level is a high level.
  • the level of the fourth electrical signal is not high, it means that the switch tube is enabled, there is a high level signal at the control end of the switch tube, and the low-side switch unit is enabled abnormally. If the level of the fourth electrical signal is high Level, indicating that the switch tube is not enabled, the control terminal of the switch tube is low, and the low-side switch unit is enabled normally.
  • the preset second level may be different.
  • the switch is an N-type transistor
  • the second level is Low level, therefore, this embodiment does not limit the second level to be a low level or a high level.
  • Step 504 Determine that the low-side switch unit is abnormally enabled. After that, the process ends.
  • Step 505 It is determined that the low-side switch is enabled normally.
  • the drive power module can be detected. Specifically, the control module disconnects the first switch module and the low-side switch unit; The fifth electrical signal at the second end; determine whether the voltage of the fifth electrical signal is within the preset range; if the control module determines that the voltage of the fifth electrical signal is not within the preset range, determine that the drive power module is abnormal, otherwise, determine the drive power module normal.
  • the control module can determine whether the driving power module is normal according to the voltage of the fifth electrical signal.
  • the preset range can be determined according to the power supply voltage of the drive power module, for example, the preset range is (power supply voltage of the drive power module-M, power supply voltage of the drive power module + M) , Where M is a positive number greater than 0.
  • the control module disconnects the low-side switch unit and the first A switch module to enable the high-side switch unit; obtain the sixth electrical signal at the second end of the second detection module; determine whether the level of the sixth electrical signal is the first level; if the result of the determination is yes, determine high The enable of the side switch unit is normal. If the judgment result is no, it is determined that the enable of the high side switch unit is abnormal.
  • the high-side switch unit when the low-side switch unit is turned off, the high-side switch unit is enabled. If the high-side switch unit is enabled normally, the first terminal of the second detection module has a voltage, and the sixth electrical signal is the first If the high-side switch unit is abnormally enabled, there is no voltage at the first terminal of the second detection module, and the sixth electrical signal is not at the first level.
  • the detection of the drive power module, the high-side switch unit and the low-side switch unit is not a necessary step. In actual applications, it can be selectively performed only on the drive power module and the high-side switch unit. Perform detection with any one or any combination of the low-side switch unit, and the detection sequence of the selected detection type, for example, the detection sequence of the drive power module, the high-side switch unit, and the low-side switch unit, can be set as required.
  • the detection circuit can detect the drive power module, the high-side switch unit, and the low-side switch unit separately, and lock the fault location more accurately, which is convenient for maintenance personnel to repair quickly and avoid the failure time. Economic losses caused by long-term growth.
  • this embodiment is a method example corresponding to the sixth embodiment, and this embodiment can be implemented in cooperation with the sixth embodiment.
  • the related technical details mentioned in the sixth embodiment are still valid in this embodiment, and in order to reduce repetition, they will not be repeated here.
  • the related technical details mentioned in this embodiment can also be applied in the sixth embodiment.
  • the thirteenth embodiment of the present application relates to a detection method of an electrical control device.
  • This embodiment exemplifies that the control module mentioned in the ninth embodiment determines the electrical control device according to the electrical signal of the third terminal of the first detection module The process of whether the drive circuit is faulty.
  • the detection method in this embodiment includes the following steps:
  • Step 601 Enable the high-side switch unit and the low-side switch unit.
  • Step 602 Close the second switch module.
  • Step 603 Monitor the electrical signal of the third terminal of the first detection module in real time.
  • Step 604 Determine whether the level of the electrical signal at the third end of the first detection module is the second level.
  • step 605 is executed; otherwise, step 603 is returned.
  • Step 605 Determine that the drive circuit of the electrical control device is faulty.
  • the electrical control device is a relay
  • the first detection module includes a first power sub-module, a first current-limiting sub-module, a filtering sub-module, and a switching element; the first end of the switching element is used as the first detection module.
  • the second end of the switching element is used as the second end of the first detection module, the third end of the switching element is connected to the first power sub-module through the first current limiting sub-module, and the fourth end of the switching element is connected to the filtering sub-module.
  • the first end is connected, the second end of the filter submodule is grounded, the third end of the filter submodule serves as the third end of the first detection module, and the switch element is a photocoupler.
  • the control module closes the second switch module, the light-emitting diode in the photocoupler and the coil of the relay are connected in parallel. At this time, if the voltage across the coil of the relay is the normal driving voltage, the light receiving end of the photocoupler will be conductive. If the third terminal of the second detection module has a high-level voltage; when the control module determines that the third terminal of the second detection module does not detect a high-level voltage, the following failures may occur: the high-side switch unit is disconnected, The second terminal of the relay has a short ground failure, the first terminal of the relay has a short power failure and the low-side switch unit is disconnected. Therefore, the control module can detect whether the drive circuit of the relay is normal by monitoring the electrical signal of the third terminal of the first detection module.
  • the detection circuit mentioned enables the control module to detect whether the drive circuit of the electrical control device is normal by monitoring the electrical signal at the third end of the first detection module when the electrical control device is working, and it can be found in time due to the electrical control The drive circuit of the device fails, causing the electrical control device to work abnormally.
  • this embodiment can be combined with the tenth embodiment.
  • the judgment step of step 313 if the first electrical signal is determined The level of is the first level, and the detection steps of the low-side switch unit (steps 501 to step 505), the detection step of the drive power module (the first example) and the detection of the high-side switch unit mentioned in this embodiment are performed Step (second example), if it is determined that the low-side switch unit is enabled normally, and the drive power module is normal, and the high-side switch unit is enabled normally, perform step 314, and then perform step 601 to step 605.
  • the control module can monitor the drive circuit of the electrical control device when the electrical control device is enabled, which improves the system using the electrical control device. The safety performance.
  • this embodiment is a method example corresponding to the first embodiment to the seventh embodiment, and this embodiment can be implemented in cooperation with the first embodiment to the seventh embodiment.
  • the related technical details mentioned in the first embodiment to the seventh embodiment are still valid in this embodiment, and in order to reduce repetition, they will not be repeated here.
  • the related technical details mentioned in this embodiment can also be applied to the first embodiment to the seventh embodiment.
  • the electric vehicle 210 includes an electrochemical device 200, an electrical control device 20, and any detection circuit 10 as in the foregoing embodiments.
  • the electrochemical device may It is a battery pack that provides electric power for the electric vehicle.
  • the electrical control device can be a relay or other devices that use a small current to control its state.
  • the detection circuit is used to detect the drive circuit of the electrical control device and the drive circuit of the electrical control device. It may include a driving power module and a switch unit, where the switch unit includes a low-side switch unit and a high-side switch unit. The specific composition of the detection circuit is described in detail in the above-mentioned embodiments, so the description will not be repeated here.

Abstract

本申请实施例涉及电子技术领域，公开了一种电控制器件的检测电路、检测方法及电动汽车。本申请的部分实施例中，检测电路包括用于检测电控制器件的驱动回路，驱动回路包括驱动电源模块、高边开关单元和低边开关单元，检测电路包括：检测电源模块、第一开关模块、第二开关模块、第一检测模块、第二检测模块和控制模块；控制模块用于获取第一检测模块的第三端的电信号，和/或，第二检测模块的第二端的电信号；根据第一检测模块的第三端的电信号，和/或，第二检测模块的第二端的电信号，判断电控制器件的驱动回路是否发生故障。该实现中，能够对电控制器件的驱动回路进行故障诊断。

Description

一种电控制器件的检测电路、检测方法及电动汽车
本申请要求于2019年08月30日提交中国专利局、申请号为201910818417.1、申请名称为“一种电控制器件的检测电路及检测方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及电子技术领域，特别涉及一种电控制器件的检测电路、检测方法及电动汽车。
背景技术
当前，电动汽车替代燃油汽车已成为汽车业发展的趋势。由于电动汽车电机本身的功率较大，目前所使用的电池包基本为高压小电流或者较低电压大电流的方案。然而，即使电池包的电压较低，也远远超过安全电压，所以，控制器对高压回路的控制都是通过使用继电器实现间接控制。但是，继电器毕竟为机械开关，经过长时间的工作后，可能存在老化问题，并进一步导致继电器或者与继电器相连接的线束失效的情况出现。而这些情况对整车的安全运行有着非常大的影响，对继电器的诊断就变得尤为重要。
然而，发明人发现相关技术中至少存在如下问题：目前缺少继电器的驱动回路的故障的诊断方案。
需要说明的是，在上述背景技术部分公开的信息仅用于加强对本公开的背景的理解，因此可以包括不构成对本领域普通技术人员已知的相关技术的信息。
发明内容
本申请实施方式的目的在于提供一种电控制器件的检测电路、检测方法及电动汽车，使得能够对电控制器件的驱动回路进行故障诊断。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请的实施方式提供了一种电控制器件的检测电路，检测电路用于检测电控制器件的驱动回路，电控制器件的驱动回路包括驱动电源模 块、高边开关单元和低边开关单元，驱动电源模块与高边开关单元的第一端连接，高边开关单元的第二端与电控制器件的第一端连接，低边开关单元的第一端与电控制器件的第二端连接，低边开关单元的第二端接地；检测电路包括：检测电源模块、第一开关模块、第二开关模块、第一检测模块、第二检测模块和控制模块；检测电源模块的输出端与第一开关模块的第一端连接，第一开关模块的第二端与电控制器件的第一端连接，第一检测模块的第一端与第一开关模块的第二端和电控制器件的第一端之间的第一节点连接，第一检测模块的第二端与电控制器件的第二端连接，第一检测模块的第三端与控制模块连接；第二检测模块的第一端与电控制器件的第二端和第一检测模块的第二端之间的第二节点连接，第二检测模块的第二端与控制模块连接，第二检测模块的第三端接地；第一开关模块和第二开关模块分别与控制模块连接；第二开关模块串联在第一检测模块的第一端与第一节点之间，或，第二开关模块串联在第一检测模块的第二端与第二节点之间；控制模块用于获取第一检测模块的第三端的电信号，和/或，第二检测模块的第二端的电信号；根据第一检测模块的第三端的电信号，和/或，第二检测模块的第二端的电信号，判断电控制器件的驱动回路是否发生故障。
本申请的实施方式还提供了一种电控制器件的检测方法，应用于上述实施方式提及的电控制器件的检测电路中的控制模块，检测方法包括：获取第一检测模块的第三端的电信号，和/或，第二检测模块的第二端的电信号；根据第一检测模块的第三端的电信号，和/或，第二检测模块的第二端的电信号，判断电控制器件的驱动回路是否发生故障。
本申请的实施方式还提供一种电动汽车，包括电化学装置、电控制器件以及如上所述的任意一种检测电路。
本申请实施方式相对于现有技术而言，由于电控制器件的驱动回路正常状态时的电导通情况和发生故障时的电导通情况不同，驱动回路中的电控制器件的第一端的电压，和/或，电控制器件的第二端的电压不同，使得第一检测模块和/或第二检测模块的电路导通情况不同，因此，可以通过第一检测模块的第三端的电信号，和/或，第二检测模块的第二端的电信号，来判断驱动回路是否发生故障，使得能够对电控制器件的驱动回路进行故障检测。
另外，第一检测模块包括第一电源子模块、第一限流子模块和开关元件；开关 元件的第一端作为第一检测模块的第一端，开关元件的第二端作为第一检测模块的第二端；开关元件的第三端通过第一限流子模块与第一电源子模块连接，开关元件的第四端接地，开关元件的第三端作为第一检测模块的第三端；或者，开关元件的第三端与第一电源子模块连接，开关元件的第四端与第一限流子模块的第一端连接，第一限流子模块的第二端接地，第一限流子模块的第一端作为第一检测模块的第三端；其中，当存在电流从开关元件的第一端流到开关元件的第二端时，开关元件的第三端和开关元件的第四端之间形成电导通通路。
另外，检测电路还包括第一限流模块；第一检测模块的第一端通过第一限流模块与第一节点连接。该实现中，可以避免流经第一检测模块的电流过大导致第一检测模块中的器件损坏的情况。
另外，检测电路还包括滤波模块；第一检测模块的第三端通过滤波模块与控制模块连接。该实现中，保证了第一检测模块的第三端的检测信号的稳定性。
另外，第一检测模块包括：第一电源子模块、滤波子模块、第一限流子模块和开关元件；开关元件的第一端作为第一检测模块的第一端，开关元件的第二端作为第一检测模块的第二端；开关元件的第三端通过第一限流子模块与第一电源子模块连接，开关元件的第四端与滤波子模块的第一端连接，滤波子模块的第二端接地，滤波子模块的第三端作为第一检测模块的第三端。
另外，开关元件为光电耦合器、继电器、干簧管和光场效应管中的任意一个。
另外，第二检测模块包括第二电源子模块、第二限流子模块和开关管，第二电源子模块通过第二限流子模块与开关管的第一端连接，开关管的第二端作为第二检测模块的第三端，开关管的控制端作为第二检测模块的第一端，开关管的第一端作为第二检测模块的第二端。
另外，检测电路还包括第二限流模块，第二检测模块的第二端通过第二限流模块与控制模块连接。该实现中，可以避免由于第二检测模块的第二端流入控制模块的电流过大导致控制模块损坏等问题。
另外，检测电源模块包括第三电源子模块和分压子模块，第三电源子模块与分压子模块的第一端连接，分压子模块的第二端作为检测电源模块的输出端。
另外，检测电路还包括续流模块，续流模块与电控制器件并联连接。该实现中，能够避免电控制器件产生的感应电动势烧毁电路中的器件的情况。
另外，续流模块包括瞬态抑制二极管。
另外，检测电路还包括第三检测模块，第三检测模块的第一端与高边开关单元的第一端连接，第三检测模块的第二端与控制模块连接，控制模块还用于根据第三检测模块的第二端的电信号，确定驱动电源模块是否发生故障。该实现中，能够在电控制器件未使能时对驱动电源模块进行故障检测。
另外，控制模块包括处理子模块和第一多路选择子模块，处理子模块通过第一多路选择子模块分别与第一检测模块的第三端和第二检测模块的第二端连接。该实现中，实现处理器端口的“一对多”的检测功能。
另外，控制模块包括处理子模块和第二多路选择子模块，处理子模块通过第二多路选择子模块分别与高边开关单元和低边开关单元连接。该实现中，实现处理器端口的“一对多”控制功能。
另外，获取第一检测模块的第三端的电信号和第二检测模块的第二端的电信号，根据第一检测模块的第三端的电信号和第二检测模块的第二端的电信号，判断电控制器件的驱动回路是否发生故障，具体包括：在低边开关单元未使能的状态下，控制第一开关模块闭合；获取第二检测模块的第二端的第一电信号；在判断出第一电信号的电平不是预设的第一电平时，控制第二开关模块闭合，获取第一检测模块的第三端的第二电信号；根据第二电信号，确定电控制器件的驱动回路的故障类型。
另外，根据第二电信号，确定电控制器件的驱动回路的故障类型，具体包括：判断第二电信号的电平是否为预设的第二电平；若判断结果为是，确定电控制器件的驱动回路的故障类型为开路故障；若判断结果为不是，确定电控制器件的驱动回路的故障类型为短地故障。
另外，在控制第一开关模块闭合之前，电控制器件的检测方法还包括：确定电控制器件的驱动回路未发生短电源故障。
另外，判断电控制器件的驱动回路是否发生短电源故障的方法为：在第一开关模块和第二开关模块均断开的状态下，获取第二检测模块的第二端的第三电信号；判断第三电信号的电平是否为第一电平；若判断结果为是，则确定电控制器件的驱动回路发生短电源故障；若判断结果为不是，则确定电控制器件的驱动回路未发生短电源故障。
另外，获取第二检测模块的第二端的电信号，根据第二检测模块的第二端的电 信号，判断电控制器件的驱动回路是否发生故障，具体包括：在第一开关模块闭合的状态下，使能低边开关单元；获取第二检测模块的第二端的第四电信号；判断第四电信号的电平是否为预设的第二电平；若判断结果为是，确定低边开关单元使能正常；若判断结果为不是，确定低边开关单元使能异常。
另外，在确定低边开关单元使能正常之后，电控制器件的检测方法还包括：断开第一开关模块和低边开关单元；获取第三检测模块的第二端的第五电信号；判断第五电信号的电压是否处于预设范围内；若判断结果为是，则确定驱动电源模块正常；若判断结果为不是，则确定驱动电源模块异常。
另外，在确定低边开关单元使能正常之后，电控制器件的检测方法还包括：断开低边开关单元和第一开关模块，使能高边开关单元；获取第二检测模块的第二端的第六电信号；判断第二检测模块的第二端的第六电信号的电平是否为预设的第一电平；若判断结果为是，则确定高边开关单元使能正常；若判断结果为不是，则确定高边开关单元使能异常。
另外，获取第一检测模块的第三端的电信号，根据第一检测模块的第三端的电信号，判断电控制器件的驱动回路是否发生故障，具体包括：在高边开关单元和低边开关单元使能，第一开关模块断开的状态下，闭合第二开关模块；实时监测第一检测模块的第三端的电信号；在确定第一检测模块的第三端的电信号的电平不为第二电平时，确定电控制器件的驱动回路发生故障。
附图说明
一个或多个实施例通过与之对应的附图中的图片进行示例性说明，这些示例性说明并不构成对实施例的限定，附图中具有相同参考数字标号的元件表示为类似的元件，除非有特别申明，附图中的图不构成比例限制。
图1是本申请的第一实施方式的电控制器件的检测电路的结构示意图；
图2是本申请的第一实施方式的另一电控制器件的检测电路的结构示意图；
图3是本申请的第二实施方式的第一检测模块的结构示意图；
图4是本申请的第二实施方式的第一检测模块的另一结构示意图；
图5是本申请的第三实施方式的第二检测模块的结构示意图；
图6是本申请的第四实施方式的检测电源模块的结构示意图；
图7是本申请的第四实施方式的电控制器件的驱动回路和检测电路的电路图；
图8是本申请的第五实施方式的电控制器件的检测电路的结构示意图；
图9是本申请的第五实施方式的电控制器件的驱动回路和检测电路的电路图；
图10是本申请的第六实施方式的电控制器件的检测电路的结构示意图；
图11是本申请的第六实施方式的电控制器件的驱动回路和检测电路的电路图；
图12是本申请的第七实施方式的电控制器件的检测电路的结构示意图；
图13是本申请的第七实施方式的电控制器件的检测电路和驱动回路的结构示意图；
图14是本申请的第八实施方式的控制模块和高边开关单元、低边开关单元的连接示意图；
图15是本申请的第八实施方式的电控制器件的检测电路和驱动回路的结构示意图；
图16是本申请的第九实施方式的电控制器件的检测方法的流程图；
图17是本申请的第十实施方式的电控制器件的检测方法的流程图；
图18是本申请的第十一实施方式的电控制器件的检测方法的流程图；
图19是本申请的第十二实施方式的电控制器件的检测方法的流程图；
图20是本申请的第十三实施方式的电控制器件的检测方法的流程图；
图21是本申请实施例电动汽车结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请的各实施方式进行详细的阐述。然而，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解，在本申请各实施方式中，为了使读者更好地理解本申请而提出了许多技术细节。但是，即使没有这些技术细节和基于以下各实施方式的种种变化和修改，也可以实现本申请所要求保护的技术方案。
本文中为部件所编序号本身，例如“第一”、“第二”等，仅用于区分所描述的对象，不具有任何顺序或技术含义。而本申请所说“连接”、“联接”，如无特别说明，均包括直接和间接连接(联接)。
如图1所示，本申请的第一实施方式涉及一种电控制器件的检测电路10，检测 电路10用于检测电控制器件20的驱动回路，电控制器件20的驱动回路包括驱动电源模块21、高边开关单元23和低边开关单元22，驱动电源模块21与高边开关单元23的第一端连接，高边开关单元23的第二端与电控制器件20的第一端连接，低边开关单元22的第一端与电控制器件20的第二端连接，低边开关单元22的第二端接地。如图1所示，检测电路10包括：检测电源模块101、第一开关模块102、第二开关模块103、第一检测模块104、第二检测模块105和控制模块106；检测电源模块101的输出端与第一开关模块102的第一端连接，第一开关模块102的第二端与电控制器件20的第一端连接，第一检测模块104的第一端与第一开关模块102的第二端和电控制器件20的第一端之间的第一节点1001连接，第一检测模块104的第二端与电控制器件20的第二端连接，第一检测模块104的第三端与控制模块106连接；第二检测模块105的第一端与电控制器件20的第二端和第一检测模块104的第二端之间的第二节点1002连接，第二检测模块105的第二端与控制模块106连接，第二检测模块105的第三端接地；第一开关模块102和第二开关模块103分别与控制模块连接；第二开关模块103串联在第一检测模块104的第二端与第二节点1002之间；控制模块106用于获取第一检测模块104的第三端的电信号，和/或，第二检测模块105的第二端的电信号；根据第一检测模块104的第三端的电信号，和/或，第二检测模块105的第二端的电信号，判断电控制器件20的驱动回路是否发生故障。其中，第二检测模块105的第一端连接高电平时，第二检测模块105的第二端的电平为预设的第一电平，第二检测模块105的第一端连接低电平时，第二检测模块105的第二端的电平为第一电平的反向电平。第一检测模块104的第一端和第一检测模块104的第二端之间有电流流过时，第一检测模块104的第三端的电信号为预设的第二电平，第一检测模块104的第一端和第一检测模块104的第二端之间没有电流流过时，第一检测模块104的第三端的电信号为预设的第二电平的反向电平。
需要说明的是，本实施方式中，未在图中显示第一开关模块102和第二开关模块103与控制模块106的连接关系，但并不代表控制模块106与第一开关模块102和第二开关模块103之间不存在连接，控制模块106与第一开关模块102和第二开关模块103之间可以有线连接，也可以无线连接。
值得一提的是，电控制器件的驱动回路正常状态时的电导通情况和发生故障时 的电导通情况不同，驱动回路中的电控制器件的第一端的电压，和/或，电控制器件的第二端的电压不同，使得第一检测模块和/或第二检测模块的电路导通情况不同，因此，可以通过第一检测模块的第三端的电信号，和/或，第二检测模块的第二端的电信号，来判断驱动回路是否发生故障，使得能够对电控制器件的驱动回路进行故障检测。
在一个例子中，检测电源模块101输出的电流小于电控制器件的动作电流。动作电流是指使电控制器件动作的最小电流。第二检测模块105的第一端未检测到电信号或检测到低电平信号时，第二检测模块105的第二端输出的电信号的电平不为预设的第一电平，第二检测模块105的第一端检测到电信号时，第二检测模块105的第二端输出的电信号的电平为预设的第一电平。第一检测模块104的第一端和第一检测模块104的第二端之间有电流流过时，第一检测模块104的第三端输出的电平为预设的第二电平。第一检测模块104的第一端和第一检测模块104的第二端之间没有电流流过时，第一检测模块104的第三端输出的电信号为预设的第二电平的反向电平信号。由于检测电源模块101输出的电流小于电控制器件的动作电流，故第一开关模块102闭合后，电控制器件20仍处于未使能状态。闭合第一开关模块102，断开第二开关模块103后，若驱动回路中未发生故障，检测电源模块101和第二检测模块105的第一端之间存在电导通通路，第二检测模块105的第二端的电信号为预设的第一电平。若驱动回路中发生故障，则检测电源模块101和第二检测模块105之间无法形成电导通通路，第二检测模块105的第二端的电信号不是预设的第一电平。因此，控制模块106在第二检测模块105的第二端的电信号不是预设的第一电平时，可以确定驱动回路存在故障。可选的，在确定驱动回路存在故障后，控制模块106将第二开关模块103闭合，以进一步确定驱动回路的故障类型。由于驱动回路存在开路故障时，检测电源模块101输出的电流经过第一检测模块104，若驱动回路存在短地故障，检测电源模块101到地的阻抗接近于0，故检测电源模块101输出的电流不会经过第一检测模块104，因此，驱动回路发生不同故障类型时，第一检测模块104的第三端的电信号不同。
通过上述内容可知，驱动回路发生开路故障和短地故障时，第一检测模块104的第三端的电信号不同，控制模块106可以根据第一检测模块104的第三端的电信号，确定驱动回路的故障类型。
需要说明的是，本领域技术人员可以理解，第一电平可以是高电平，也可以是低电平，实际应用中，可以根据检测电路中的各个模块所选择的器件类型和电路结构确定。例如，若驱动回路正常时，第二检测模块105的第二端的电信号为低电平信号，第一电平为低电平，若驱动回路发生正常时，第二检测模块105的第二端的电信号为高电平信号时，第一电平为高电平。
需要说明的是，本领域技术人员可以理解，本实施方式中，为阐述清楚，将第二开关模块103串联在第一检测模块104的第二端与第二节点1002之间，实际应用中，第二开关模块103也可以串联在第一检测模块104的第一端与第一节点1001之间，此时，检测电路的结构示意图如图2所示。本实施方式不限制第二开关模块103的位置。
需要说明的是，电控制器件可以是继电器，也可以是其他用小电流控制其状态的器件，本实施方式不限制电控制器件的具体类型。
需要说明的是，以上仅为举例说明，并不对本申请的技术方案构成限定。
与现有技术相比，本实施方式中提供的电控制器件的检测电路，由于电控制器件的驱动回路正常状态时的电导通情况和发生故障时的电导通情况不同，驱动回路中的电控制器件的第一端的电压，和/或，电控制器件的第二端的电压不同，因此，可以通过对电控制器件的第一端的电压，和/或，电控制器件的第二端的电压的检测，来判断驱动回路是否发生故障，使得能够对电控制器件的驱动回路进行故障检测，比如，可以通过对第一检测模块的第三端的电信号，和/或，第二检测模块的第二端的电信号进行检测，来判断驱动回路是否发生故障，使得能够对电控制器件的驱动回路进行故障检测，因此，控制模块可以获取所述第一检测模块的第三端的电信号，根据所述第一检测模块的第三端的电信号，判断所述电控制器件的驱动回路是否故障，或，获取所述第二检测模块的第二端的电信号，根据所述第二检测模块的第二端的电信号，判断所述电控制器件的驱动回路发生的故障类型，或，获取所述第一检测模块的第三端的电信号和所述第二检测模块的第二端的电信号，根据所述第一检测模块的第三端的电信号和所述第二检测模块的第二端的电信号，判断所述电控制器件的驱动回路是否发生故障，从而实现了对电控制器件的驱动回路进行故障检测及确定故障类型的目的。
本申请的第二实施方式涉及一种电控制器件的检测电路，第二实施方式是对第 一实施方式的第一检测模块104的电路结构的举例说明，对于第一实施方式中已经描述的内容此处不再重复。
具体地说，如图3所示，在本实施方式中，第一检测模块104包括第一电源子模块1041、第一限流子模块1042和开关元件1043；开关元件1043的第一端作为第一检测模块104的第一端A1，开关元件1043的第二端作为第一检测模块104的第二端A2，开关元件1043的第三端通过第一限流子模块1042与第一电源子模块1041连接，开关元件1043的第四端接地，开关元件1043的第三端作为第一检测模块104的第三端A3，第二电平为低电平。其中，当存在电流从开关元件1043的第一端流到开关元件1043的第二端时，开关元件1043的第三端和开关元件1043的第四端之间形成电导通通路。第一限流子模块1012可以包括一个或多个电阻。
需要说明的是，图3以第一限流子模块1042串联在开关元件1043的第三端和第一电源子模块1041之间为例，对第一检测模块104的结构进行举例说明，实际应用中，第一限流子模块1042、第一电源子模块1041和开关元件1043的连接关系也可以是：开关元件1043的第三端与第一电源子模块1041连接，开关元件1043的第四端与第一限流子模块1042的第一端连接，第一限流子模块的第二端接地，第一限流子模块的第一端作为第一检测模块的第三端A3，第二电平为高电平。本实施方式不限制第一限流子模块1042、第一电源子模块1041和开关元件1043的连接关系。
在一个例子中，检测电路还包括滤波模块。第一检测模块104的第三端通过滤波模块与控制模块连接。例如，第一检测模块104的第三端与滤波模块的第一端连接，滤波模块的第二端接地，滤波模块的第三端与控制模块连接。
值得一提的是，第一检测模块的第三端通过滤波模块与控制模块连接，可以保证第一检测模块的第三端的检测信号的稳定性。
在一个例子中，滤波模块包括电容。
需要说明的是，本领域技术人员可以理解，滤波模块也可以采用其他电路结构，例如，可以选择一阶RC滤波电路结构，本实施方式不限制滤波模块的具体电路结构。
以下以图3为例，对第一检测模块的检测方式进行举例说明。第二开关模块103闭合的情况下，当驱动回路发生开路故障时，检测电源模块101输出的电流流过开关元件1043的第一端和开关元件1043的第二端，开关元件1043的第三端和开关元 件1043的第四端之间形成电导通通路，故开关元件1043的第三端的电信号的电平为预设的第二电平，即第一检测模块104的第三端的电信号的电平为第二电平。当驱动回路发生短地故障时，检测电源模块101的输出端相当于接地，开关元件1043的第一端和开关元件1043的第二端没有电流流过，开关元件1043的第三端和开关元件1043的第四端无法形成电导通通路，故开关元件1043的第三端的电信号的电平不为第二电平，即第一检测模块104的第三端的电信号的电平不为第二电平。因此，控制模块106可以根据第一检测模块104的第三端的电信号来确定驱动回路的故障类型。
在一个例子中，开关元件为光电耦合器、继电器、干簧管和光场效应管中的任意一个。
在一个例子中，检测电路还包括第一限流模块；第一检测模块的第一端通过第一限流模块与第一节点连接。
值得一提的是，在第一检测模块中增设第一限流模块，可以避免开关元件的第四端输出的电信号电势或电流过高导致控制模块损坏等问题。
需要说明的是，本领域技术人员可以理解，实际应用中，第一检测模块104也可以采用其他结构形式，例如，如图4所示，第一检测模块104包括：第一电源子模块1041、滤波子模块1044、第一限流子模块1042和开关元件1043；开关元件1043的第一端作为第一检测模块104的第一端A1，开关元件1043的第二端作为第一检测模块104的第二端A2；开关元件1043的第三端通过第一限流子模块1042与第一电源子模块1041连接，开关元件1043的第四端与滤波子模块1044的第一端连接，滤波子模块1044的第二端接地，滤波子模块1044的第三端作为第一检测模块的第三端A3，第二电平为高电平。其中，滤波子模块1044可以是电容，电容的第一端作为滤波子模块的第一端和第三端，电容的第二端作为滤波子模块的第二端。滤波子模块1044也可以采用RC滤波结构等。
与现有技术相比，本实施方式中提供的电控制器件的检测电路，由于驱动回路发生开路故障和短地故障时，开关元件的第三端和开关元件的第四端之间的连接状态不同，使得第一检测模块的第三端的电信号不同，因此，控制模块可以根据第一检测模块的第三端的电信号确定故障类型。
本申请的第三实施方式涉及一种电控制器件的检测电路，本实施方式是对第一 实施方式中的第二检测模块105的电路结构的举例说明，对于第一实施方式中已经描述的内容此处不再重复。
具体地说，如图5所示，在本实施方式中，第二检测模块105包括第二电源子模块1051、第二限流子模块1052和开关管1053，第二电源子模块1051通过第二限流子模块1052与开关管1053的第一端连接，开关管1053的控制端作为第二检测模块的第一端B1，开关管1053的第一端作为第二检测模块的第二端B2，开关管1053的第二端作为第二检测模块的第三端B3。
具体地说，由于开关管1053的状态会根据输入该开关管1053的控制端的电信号的电压大小而改变，当开关管1053的第一端和第二端导通时，开关管1053的第一端为低电平信号，若开关管1053的第一端和第二端未导通时，开关管1053的第一端为高电平信号。由于电控制器件20的驱动回路正常和电控制器件20的驱动回路发生故障时，开关管1053的控制端接收到的电信号不同，因此，开关管1053的第一端的电信号不同。
假设，开关管为N型晶体管，预设的第一电平为低电平。当第一开关模块102闭合后，若开关管的第一端为低电平信号，说明开关管的第一端和第二端导通，即电控制器件的驱动回路正常，若开关管的第一端为高电平信号，说明开关管的第一端和第二端未导通，即电控制器件的驱动回路发生故障。
可选择的，控制模块可以基于第一检测模块的检测结果，进一步确定其故障类型。
在一个例子中，检测电路还包括第二限流模块，第二检测模块105的第二端B2通过第二限流模块与控制模块106连接。
值得一提的是，在检测电路中增设第二限流模块，可以避免由于第二检测模块的第二端输出的电信号过高导致控制模块损坏等问题。
与现有技术相比，本实施方式中提供的电控制器件的检测电路，由于驱动回路未发生故障和未发生故障时，开关管的控制端的电信号不同，使得开关管的状态不同，进而导致开关管的第一端的电信号不同，因此，控制模块可以根据开关管的第一端的电信号，判断驱动回路是否发生故障。
本申请的第四实施方式涉及一种电控制器件的检测电路，本实施方式是对第一实施方式的检测电源模块101的电路结构的举例说明，对于第一实施方式中已经描 述的内容此处不再重复。
具体地说，如图6所示，本实施方式中，检测电源模块101包括第三电源子模块1011和分压子模块1012，第三电源子模块1011与分压子模块1012的第一端连接，分压子模块1012的第二端作为检测电源模块101的输出端C1。
在一个例子中，分压子模块1012包括一个电阻或多个电阻。
需要说明的是，本领域技术人员可以连接，分压子模块1012的阻抗值可以根据第三电源子模块1011输出的电压和电控制器件的动作电流确定，此处不作限制。
在一个例子中，电控制器件20为继电器，第一检测模块采用图4所示结构，第二检测模块采用第三实施方式所列举的结构，检测电源模块采用第四实施方式所列举的结构，电控制器件的驱动回路和检测电路的电路图如图7所示。图7中，V1表示驱动回路的驱动电源模块，V2表示检测电源模块中的第三电源子模块，R2表示分压子模块，S1表示第一开关模块，S2表示第二开关模块，R1表示第一限流模块，V3表示第一电源子模块，R3表示第一限流子模块，OM1表示开关元件，C表示滤波子模块，A3表示第一检测模块的第三端，V4表示第二电源子模块，R4表示第二限流子模块，B2表示第二检测模块的第二端，R5表示第二限流模块，Q1表示开关管。第一电平为低电平，第二电平为高电平。与现有技术相比，本实施方式中提供的电控制器件的检测电路，由于检测电源模块中串联有分压子模块，且检测电源模块输出的电流小于电控制器件的动作电流，使得检测电路能够在电控制器件未使能的状态下完成电控制器件的驱动回路的故障检测。
本申请的第五实施方式涉及一种电控制器件的检测电路，本实施方式是对第一实施方式的进一步改进，具体改进之处为：在检测电路增设了续流模块107，对于第一实施方式中已经描述的内容此处不再重复。
具体地说，如图8所示，续流模块107与电控制器件20并联连接。
在一个例子中，续流模块107为瞬态抑制二极管，电控制器件的驱动回路和检测电路的电路图如图9所示。图9中，D1表示瞬态抑制二极管，V1表示驱动回路的驱动电源，V2表示检测电源模块中的第三电源子模块，R2表示分压子模块，S1表示第一开关模块，S2表示第二开关模块，R1表示第一限流模块，V3表示第一电源子模块，R3表示第一限流子模块，OM1表示开关元件，C表示滤波子模块，A3表示第一检测模块的第三端，V4表示第二电源子模块，R4表示第二限流子模块， B2表示第二检测模块的第二端，R5表示第二限流模块，Q1表示开关管。与现有技术相比，本实施方式提供的电控制器件的检测电路，将续流模块与电控制器件并联，当流过电控制器件中的电流消失时，电控制器件产生的感应电动势通过续流模块和电控制器件构成的回路做功而消耗掉，保护了电路中的其它器件的安全。本申请的第六实施方式涉及一种电控制器件的检测电路，本实施方式是对第一实施方式的进一步改进，具体改进之处为：检测电路中增设了第三检测模块，对于第一实施方式中已经描述的内容此处不再重复。
具体地说，如图10所示，检测电路的第三检测模块108的第一端与高边开关单元23的第一端连接，第三检测模块108的第二端与控制模块106连接，控制模块106还用于根据第三检测模块108的第二端的电信号，确定驱动电源模块21是否发生故障。
具体地说，若驱动电源模块21发生故障，驱动电源模块21和高边开关单元23之间的节点没有电信号，因此，可以通过第三检测模块108检测驱动电源模块21和高边开关单元23之间的节点的方式，判断驱动电源模块21是否发生故障。
在一个例子中，第三检测模块108由电阻组成。电控制器件的驱动回路和检测电路的电路图如图11所示。图11中，R6表示第三检测模块，D表示第三检测模块的第二端，D1表示瞬态抑制二极管，V1表示驱动回路的驱动电源，V2表示检测电源模块101中的第三电源子模块，R2表示分压子模块，S1表示第一开关模块102，S2表示第二开关模块103，R1表示第一限流模块，V3表示第一电源子模块，R3表示第一限流子模块，OM1表示开关元件，C表示滤波子模块，A3表示第一检测模块的第三端，V4表示第二电源子模块，R4表示第二限流子模块，B2表示第二检测模块的第二端，R5表示第二限流模块，Q1表示开关管。
需要说明的是，本领域技术人员可以理解，图11仅为举例说明，实际应用中，各个模块可以采用具有相似功能的其他电路结构，本实施方式不限制各个模块的具体电路结构形式。
与现有技术相比，本实施方式提供的电控制器件的检测电路，能够在电控制器件未使能的情况下，根据第三检测模块的第二端的电信号，确定驱动回路中的驱动电源是否故障，进一步完善了电控制器件的驱动回路的故障检测。
本申请的第七实施方式涉及一种电控制器件的检测电路，本实施方式是对控制 模块的结构的举例说明。
具体地说，如图12所示，控制模块106包括处理子模块1061和第一多路选择子模块1062，处理子模块1061通过第一多路选择子模块1062分别与第一检测模块104的第三端和第二检测模块105的第二端连接。
在一个例子中，如图13所示，第一多路选择子模块1062中包括多个多路选择器。例如，第一多路选择子模块1062中包括第一多路选择器10621和第二多路选择器10622。处理子模块1061通过第一多路选择器10621与第一检测模块104的第三端连接，处理子模块1061通过第二多路选择器10622与第二检测模块105的第二端连接。
值得一提的是，由于处理子模块1061与第一检测模块104和第二检测模块105之间通过多路选择子模块连接，实现处理器端口的“一对多”检测功能，减少了对处理子模块的端口数量的需求，使得一个处理子模块可以与更多的第一检测模块104和第二检测模块105连接。
本申请的第七实施方式涉及一种电控制器件的检测电路，本实施方式是对控制模块的结构的举例说明。
具体地说，如图14所示，控制模块106包括处理子模块1061和第二多路选择子模块1063，处理子模块1061通过第二多路选择子模块1063分别与高边开关单元23和低边开关单元22连接。
在一个例子中，如图15所示，第二多路选择子模块1063包括第三多路选择器10631和第四多路选择器10632。处理子模块1061通过第三多路选择器10631与电控制器件20的高边开关单元23连接，处理子模块1061通过第四多路选择器10632与电控制器件20的低边开关单元22连接。可选的，处理子模块1061通过第五多路选择器1064与第一开关模块102连接，处理子模块1061通过第六多路选择器1065与第二开关模块103连接。
值得一提的是，由于处理子模块与高边开关单元和低边开关单元的连接方式上采用“一对多”控制的连接方式，进一步减少了对处理子模块的端口数量的需求。
本申请的第九实施方式涉及一种电控制器件的检测方法，应用于第一实施方式至第七实施方式中任意实施方式的电控制器件的检测电路中的控制模块，如图16 所示，电控制器件的检测方法包括：
在电控制器件的驱动回路中的低边开关单元未使能的状态下，执行以下步骤：
步骤301：获取第一检测模块的第三端的电信号，和/或，第二检测模块的第二端的电信号。
具体地说，控制模块分别与第一检测模块的第三端和第二检测模块的第二端连接，可以获取第一检测模块的第三端的电信号，和/或，第二检测模块的第二端的电信号。
步骤302：根据第一检测模块的第三端的电信号，和/或，第二检测模块的第二端的电信号，判断电控制器件的驱动回路是否发生故障。
在本申请实施例中，所述检测方法具体可以包括：
获取所述第一检测模块的第三端的电信号，根据所述第一检测模块的第三端的电信号，判断所述电控制器件的驱动回路是否发生故障；或，
获取所述第二检测模块的第二端的电信号；根据所述第二检测模块的第二端的电信号，判断所述电控制器件的驱动回路是否发生故障；或，
获取所述第一检测模块的第三端的电信号和所述第二检测模块的第二端的电信号，根据所述第一检测模块的第三端的电信号和所述第二检测模块的第二端的电信号，判断所述电控制器件的驱动回路是否发生故障。
具体地说，由于电控制器件的驱动回路正常状态时的电导通情况和发生故障时的电导通情况不同，驱动回路中的电控制器件的第一端的电压，和/或，电控制器件的第二端的电压不同，使得第一检测模块和/或第二检测模块的电路导通情况不同，因此，可以通过第一检测模块的第三端的电信号，和/或，第二检测模块的第二端的电信号，来判断驱动回路是否发生故障，使得能够对电控制器件的驱动回路进行故障检测。
不难发现，本实施方式为与第一实施方式至第七实施方式相对应的方法实施例，本实施方式可与第一实施方式至第七实施方式互相配合实施。第一实施方式至第七实施方式中提到的相关技术细节在本实施方式中依然有效，为了减少重复，这里不再赘述。相应地，本实施方式中提到的相关技术细节也可应用在第一实施方式至第七实施方式中。
本申请的第十实施方式涉及一种电控制器件的检测方法，本实施方式举例说明 了第九实施方式中提及的控制模块根据第一检测模块的第三端的电信号和第二检测模块的第二端的电信号，判断电控制器件的驱动回路是否发生故障的过程。
具体地说，如图17所示，本实施方式中的检测方法包括以下步骤：
步骤311：控制第一开关模块闭合。
在一个例子中，控制模块在控制第一开关模块闭合之前，确定电控制器件的驱动回路未发生短电源故障。
值得一提的是，排除电控制器件的驱动回路的短电源故障，避免了由于电控制器件的驱动回路的短电源故障导致检测结果不准确。
步骤312：获取第二检测模块的第二端的第一电信号。
具体地说，第一开关模块闭合后，检测电源模块可以为检测电路供电。控制模块可以根据第一电信号，判断电控制器件的驱动回路是否正常。
步骤313：判断第一电信号是否为预设的第一电平。
具体地说，若判断结果为是，执行步骤314，否则，执行步骤315。
在一个例子中，第二检测模块包括第二电源子模块、第二限流子模块和开关管，第二电源子模块通过第二限流子模块与开关管的第一端连接，开关管的第二端作为第二检测模块的第三端，开关管的控制端作为第二检测模块的第一端，开关管的第一端作为第二检测模块的第二端。若开关管为N型晶体管，则第一电平为低电平。若闭合第一开关模块后，第一电信号为低电平，说明开关管被使能，电控制器件的驱动回路正常，若第一电信号为高电平，说明开关管未被使能，则电控制器件的驱动回路出现异常。
步骤314：确定电控制器件的驱动回路正常。之后结束流程。
步骤315：控制第二开关模块闭合，获取第一检测模块的第三端的第二电信号。
步骤316：根据第二电信号，确定电控制器件的驱动回路的故障类型。
具体地说，由于驱动回路存在开路故障时，检测电源模块输出的电流经过第一检测模块，若驱动回路存在短地故障，检测电源模块到地的阻抗接近于0，故检测电源模块输出的电流不会经过第一检测模块，因此，驱动回路发生不同故障类型时，第一检测模块的第三端的电信号不同，控制模块可以根据第二电信号确定电控制器件的驱动回路的故障类型。
不难发现，本实施方式为与第一实施方式至第七实施方式相对应的方法实施例， 本实施方式可与第一实施方式至第七实施方式互相配合实施。第一实施方式至第七实施方式中提到的相关技术细节在本实施方式中依然有效，为了减少重复，这里不再赘述。相应地，本实施方式中提到的相关技术细节也可应用在第一实施方式至第七实施方式中。
本申请的第十一实施方式涉及一种电控制器件的检测方法，本实施方式是对第十实施方式的图17所示的检测方法进行了进一步的改进，具体改进之处在于：在步骤311之前，增加了确定所述电控制器件的驱动回路是否发生短电源故障的步骤，并对步骤316进行了细化。
具体地说，如图18所示，电控制器件的检测方法包括步骤401至步骤411，其中，步骤404至步骤408与第十实施方式的步骤311至步骤315大致相同，此处不再赘述，下面主要介绍不同之处：
步骤401：在第一开关模块和第二开关模块均断开的状态下，获取第二检测模块的第二端的第三电信号。
具体地说，由于驱动回路在发生短电源故障和未发生短电源故障时，第二检测模块的第二端的电信号不同，因此，控制模块可以根据第二检测模块的第二端的电信号，判断电控制器件的驱动回路是否存在短电源故障。
步骤402：判断第三电信号的电平是否为第一电平。
具体地说，若判断结果为是，执行步骤403，否则，执行步骤404。
由于第一开关模块和高边开关单元没有使能，正常情况下，第二检测模块的开关管没有导通，开关管的第一端的电信号应该不为第一电平。若驱动回路出现短电源故障，则会使能开关管，从而导致开关管的第一端为第一电平，因此，控制模块可以根据第二检测模块的第二端的电信号确定驱动回路是否发生短电源故障。
在一个例子中，开关管为N型晶体管，第一电平为低电平。
需要说明的是，由于第二检测模块的结构发生变化时，第一电平可能是高电平，例如，若开关管为P型晶体管，预设的第一电平为高电平，本实施方式不限制第一电平为低电平或高电平。
步骤403：确定电控制器件的驱动回路发生短电源故障。之后结束流程。
步骤404：控制第一开关模块闭合。
步骤405：获取第二检测模块的第二端的第一电信号。
步骤406：判断第一电信号的电平是否为预设的第一电平。
具体地说，若判断结果为是，执行步骤407，否则，执行步骤408。
步骤407：确定电控制器件的驱动回路正常。之后结束流程。
步骤408：控制第二开关模块闭合，获取第一检测模块的第三端的第二电信号。
步骤409：判断第二电信号的电平是否为预设的第二电平。
具体地说，若判断结果为是，执行步骤410，否则，执行步骤411。
在一个例子中，第一检测模块包括第一电源子模块、滤波子模块、第一限流子模块和开关元件，第二电平为高电平。开关元件的第一端作为第一检测模块的第一端，开关元件的第二端作为第一检测模块的第二端，开关元件的第三端通过第一限流子模块与第一电源子模块连接，开关元件的第四端与滤波子模块的第一端连接，滤波子模块的第二端接地，滤波子模块的第三端作为第一检测模块的第三端；其中，当存在电流从开关元件的第一端流到开关元件的第二端时，开关元件的第三端和开关元件的第四端之间形成电导通通路。当驱动回路发生开路故障时，检测电源模块输出的电流流过开关元件的第一端和开关元件的第二端，开关元件的第三端和开关元件的第四端之间形成电导通通路，故开关元件的第四端的电信号为第二电平。当驱动回路发生短地故障时，检测电源模块的输出端相当于接地，开关元件的第一端和开关元件的第二端没有电流流过，开关元件的第三端和开关元件的第四端无法形成电导通通路，故开关元件的第四端的电信号不为第二电平。
步骤410：确定电控制器件的驱动回路的故障类型为开路故障。之后结束流程。
步骤411：确定电控制器件的驱动回路的故障类型为短地故障。
不难发现，本实施方式为与第一实施方式至第七实施方式相对应的方法实施例，本实施方式可与第一实施方式至第七实施方式互相配合实施。第一实施方式至第七实施方式中提到的相关技术细节在本实施方式中依然有效，为了减少重复，这里不再赘述。相应地，本实施方式中提到的相关技术细节也可应用在第一实施方式至第七实施方式中。
本申请的第十二实施方式涉及一种电控制器件的检测方法，本实施方式举例说明了第九实施方式中提及的控制模块根据第二检测模块的第二端的电信号，判断电控制器件的驱动回路是否发生故障的过程。
具体地说，如图19所示，本实施方式中的检测方法包括以下步骤：
步骤501：在第一开关模块闭合的状态下，使能低边开关单元。
步骤502：获取第二检测模块的第二端的第四电信号。
具体地说，第一开关模块闭合的情况下，若低边开关单元使能正常，低边开关单元的第一端的电信号为低电平信号，若低边开关单元使能异常，低边开关单元的第一端的电信号为高电平信号，因此，第二检测模块检测到的信号不同，控制模块可以根据第二检测模块检测得到的第四电信号，确定低边开关单元是否使能正常。
步骤503：判断第四电信号的电平是否为预设的第二电平。
具体地说，若判断结果为不是，执行步骤504，否则，确定低边开关单元使能正常，执行步骤505。
在一个例子中，第二检测模块中包括第二电源子模块、第二限流子模块和开关管，第二电源子模块通过第二限流子模块与开关管的第一端连接，开关管的控制端作为第二检测模块的第一端，开关管的第一端作为第二检测模块的第二端，开关管的第二端作为第二检测模块的第三端。若开关管为N型晶体管，第二电平为高电平。若第四电信号的电平不是高电平，说明开关管被使能，开关管的控制端存在高电平信号，低边开关单元使能异常，若第四电信号的电平是高电平，说明开关管未被使能，开关管的控制端为低电平，低边开关单元使能正常。
需要说明的是，本领域技术人员可以连接，当第二检测模块的电路结构发生变化时，预设的第二电平可能不同，例如，当开关管为N型晶体管时，第二电平为低电平，因此，本实施方式不限制第二电平是低电平或高电平。
步骤504：确定低边开关单元使能异常。之后结束流程。
步骤505：确定低边开关使能正常。
在第一个例子中，在确定低边开关单元使能正常后，可以对驱动电源模块进行检测，具体地说，控制模块断开第一开关模块和低边开关单元；获取第三检测模块的第二端的第五电信号；判断第五电信号的电压是否处于预设范围内；控制模块若确定第五电信号的电压不处于预设范围，确定驱动电源模块异常，否则，确定驱动电源模块正常。由于驱动电源模块正常时，高边开关单元的第一端的电信号的电压接近于驱动电源模块的输出电压，若驱动电源模块异常，则高边开关单元的第一端的电信号的电压远高于或远低于驱动电源模块的输出电压。因此，控制模块可以根据第五电信号的电压，确定驱动电源模块是否正常。
需要说明的是，本领域技术人员可以理解，预设范围可以根据驱动电源模块的供电电压确定，例如，预设范围为(驱动电源模块的供电电压-M，驱动电源模块的供电电压+M)，其中，M为大于0的正数。
在第二个例子中，在确定低边开关单元使能正常后，或者，在确定低边开关单元使能正常和驱动电源模块正常后，控制模块断开所述低边开关单元和所述第一开关模块，使能所述高边开关单元；获取第二检测模块的第二端的第六电信号；判断第六电信号的电平是否为第一电平；若判断结果为是，确定高边开关单元使能正常，若判断结果为不是，确定高边开关单元使能异常。
具体地说，在低边开关单元断开的情况下，使能高边开关单元，若高边开关单元使能正常，则第二检测模块的第一端有电压，第六电信号为第一电平，若高边开关单元使能异常，则第二检测模块的第一端无电压，第六电信号不是第一电平。
需要说明的是，本领域技术人员可以理解，对驱动电源模块、高边开关单元和低边开关单元的检测不是必要步骤，实际应用中，可以有选择地只对驱动电源模块、高边开关单元和低边开关单元的任意一种或任意组合进行检测，且选择的检测类型的检测顺序，例如，驱动电源模块、高边开关单元和低边开关单元的检测顺序，可以根据需要设置。
与现有技术相比，本实施方式中，检测电路可以对驱动电源模块、高边开关单元和低边开关单元分别进行检测，更准确地锁定故障位置，便于维修人员快速维修，避免故障时间过长导致的经济损失等。
不难发现，本实施方式为与第六实施方式相对应的方法实施例，本实施方式可与第六实施方式互相配合实施。第六实施方式中提到的相关技术细节在本实施方式中依然有效，为了减少重复，这里不再赘述。相应地，本实施方式中提到的相关技术细节也可应用在第六实施方式中。
本申请的第十三实施方式涉及一种电控制器件的检测方法，本实施方式举例说明了第九实施方式中提及的控制模块根据第一检测模块的第三端的电信号，判断电控制器件的驱动回路是否发生故障的过程。
具体地说，如图20所示，本实施方式中的检测方法包括以下步骤：
步骤601：使能高边开关单元和低边开关单元。
步骤602：闭合第二开关模块。
步骤603：实时监测第一检测模块的第三端的电信号。
步骤604：判断第一检测模块的第三端的电信号的电平是否为第二电平。
具体地说，若判断结果为不是，执行步骤605，否则，返回步骤603。
步骤605：确定电控制器件的驱动回路发生故障。
在一个例子中，电控制器件为继电器，第一检测模块包括第一电源子模块、第一限流子模块、滤波子模块和开关元件；开关元件的第一端作为第一检测模块的第一端，开关元件的第二端作为第一检测模块的第二端，开关元件的第三端通过第一限流子模块与第一电源子模块连接，开关元件的第四端与滤波子模块的第一端连接，滤波子模块的第二端接地，滤波子模块的第三端作为第一检测模块的第三端，开关元件为光电耦合器。控制模块闭合第二开关模块后，光电耦合器中的发光二极管与继电器的线圈是并联关系，此时，若继电器的线圈两端电压为正常的驱动电压，则光电耦合器的光接收端会导通，第二检测模块的第三端存在高电平电压；当控制模块确定第二检测模块的第三端未检测到高电平电压时，则可能出现以下故障：高边开关单元断开、继电器的第二端短地故障、继电器的第一端短电源故障和低边开关单元断开。因此，控制模块可以通过监测第一检测模块的第三端的电信号的方式，来检测继电器的驱动回路是否正常。
值得一提的是，申请人发现，目前的继电器的驱动回路的检测方案中，均无法在继电器使能的情况下对继电器的驱动回路进行检测，因此，申请人提出了本申请的实施方式中提及的检测电路，使得控制模块能够在电控制器件工作时，通过监测第一检测模块的第三端的电信号的方式，对电控制器件的驱动回路是否正常进行检测，可以及时发现由于电控制器件的驱动回路出现故障导致电控制器件工作异常。
需要说明的是，本领域技术人员可以理解，本实施方式可以与第十实施方式相互结合，例如，本实施方式与第十实施方式结合，在步骤313的判断步骤中，若确定第一电信号的电平为第一电平，执行本实施方式提及的低边开关单元的检测步骤(步骤501至步骤505)、驱动电源模块的检测步骤(第一个例子)和高边开关单元的检测步骤(第二个例子)，若确定低边开关单元使能正常，且，驱动电源模块正常，且，高边开关单元使能正常，执行步骤314，之后执行步骤601至步骤605。
与现有技术相比，本实施方式提供的电控制器件的检测方法，控制模块可以在电控制器件使能的情况下，对电控制器件的驱动回路进行监测，提高了使用电控制 器件的系统的安全性能。
不难发现，本实施方式为与第一实施方式至第七实施方式相对应的方法实施例，本实施方式可与第一实施方式至第七实施方式互相配合实施。第一实施方式至第七实施方式中提到的相关技术细节在本实施方式中依然有效，为了减少重复，这里不再赘述。相应地，本实施方式中提到的相关技术细节也可应用在第一实施方式至第七实施方式中。
本申请实施例还提供一种电动汽车，如图21所示，该电动汽车210包括电化学装置200、电控制器件20以及如上述实施方式中的任意一种检测电路10，该电化学装置可以是为该电动汽车提供电动力的电池包，电控制器件可以是继电器，也可以是其他用小电流控制其状态的器件，检测电路用于检测电控制器件的驱动回路，电控制器件的驱动回路可以包括驱动电源模块和开关单元，其中，开关单元包括低边开关单元和高边开关单元。对于检测电路具体组成，由于上述实施方式中均有详细阐述，在此不再重复阐述。
上面各种方法的步骤划分，只是为了描述清楚，实现时可以合并为一个步骤或者对某些步骤进行拆分，分解为多个步骤，只要包括相同的逻辑关系，都在本专利的保护范围内；对算法中或者流程中添加无关紧要的修改或者引入无关紧要的设计，但不改变其算法和流程的核心设计都在该专利的保护范围内。
本领域的普通技术人员可以理解，上述各实施方式是实现本申请的具体实施例，而在实际应用中，可以在形式上和细节上对其作各种改变，而不偏离本申请的精神和范围。

Claims (22)

  1. 一种电控制器件的检测电路，其特征在于，所述检测电路用于检测电控制器件的驱动回路，所述电控制器件的驱动回路包括驱动电源模块、高边开关单元和低边开关单元，所述驱动电源模块与所述高边开关单元的第一端连接，所述高边开关单元的第二端与所述电控制器件的第一端连接，所述低边开关单元的第一端与所述电控制器件的第二端连接，所述低边开关单元的第二端接地；所述检测电路包括：检测电源模块、第一开关模块、第二开关模块、第一检测模块、第二检测模块和控制模块；
    所述检测电源模块的输出端与所述第一开关模块的第一端连接，所述第一开关模块的第二端与所述电控制器件的第一端连接，所述第一检测模块的第一端与所述第一开关模块的第二端和所述电控制器件的第一端之间的第一节点连接，所述第一检测模块的第二端与所述电控制器件的第二端连接，所述第一检测模块的第三端与所述控制模块连接；所述第二检测模块的第一端与所述电控制器件的第二端和所述第一检测模块的第二端之间的第二节点连接，所述第二检测模块的第二端与所述控制模块连接，所述第二检测模块的第三端接地；所述第一开关模块和所述第二开关模块分别与所述控制模块连接；所述第二开关模块串联在所述第一检测模块的第一端与所述第一节点之间，或，所述第二开关模块串联在第一检测模块的第二端与所述第二节点之间；
    所述控制模块用于：
    获取所述第一检测模块的第三端的电信号，根据所述第一检测模块的第三端的电信号，判断所述电控制器件的驱动回路是否发生故障；或，
    获取所述第二检测模块的第二端的电信号，根据所述第二检测模块的第二端的电信号，判断所述电控制器件的驱动回路是否发生故障，或，
    获取所述第一检测模块的第三端的电信号和所述第二检测模块的第二端的电信号，根据所述第一检测模块的第三端的电信号和所述第二检测模块的第二端的电信号，判断所述电控制器件的驱动回路是否发生故障。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电控制器件的检测电路，其特征在于，所述第一检测模块包括第一电源子模块、第一限流子模块和开关元件；所述开关元件的第一端作 为所述第一检测模块的第一端，所述开关元件的第二端作为所述第一检测模块的第二端；
    所述开关元件的第三端通过所述第一限流子模块与所述第一电源子模块连接，所述开关元件的第四端接地，所述开关元件的第三端作为所述第一检测模块的第三端；或者，
    所述开关元件的第三端与所述第一电源子模块连接，所述开关元件的第四端与所述第一限流子模块的第一端连接，所述第一限流子模块的第二端接地，所述第一限流子模块的第一端作为所述第一检测模块的第三端；
    其中，当存在电流从所述开关元件的第一端流到所述开关元件的第二端时，所述开关元件的第三端和所述开关元件的第四端之间形成电导通通路。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电控制器件的检测电路，其特征在于，所述第一检测模块还包括滤波模块；所述第一检测模块的第三端通过所述滤波模块与所述控制模块连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电控制器件的检测电路，其特征在于，所述第一检测模块包括：第一电源子模块、滤波子模块、第一限流子模块和开关元件；所述开关元件的第一端作为所述第一检测模块的第一端，所述开关元件的第二端作为所述第一检测模块的第二端；所述开关元件的第三端通过所述第一限流子模块与所述第一电源子模块连接，所述开关元件的第四端与所述滤波子模块的第一端连接，滤波子模块的第二端接地，所述滤波子模块的第三端作为所述第一检测模块的第三端。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的电控制器件的检测电路，其特征在于，所述检测电路还包括第一限流模块；所述第一检测模块的第一端通过所述第一限流模块与所述第一节点连接。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的电控制器件的检测电路，其特征在于，所述第二检测模块包括第二电源子模块、第二限流子模块和开关管，所述第二电源子模块通过所述第二限流子模块与所述开关管的第一端连接，所述开关管的第二端作为所述第二检测模块的第三端，所述开关管的控制端作为所述第二检测模块的第一端，所述开关管的第一端作为所述第二检测模块的第二端。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的电控制器件的检测电路，其特征在于，所述检测电路还包括第二限流模块，所述第二检测模块的第二端通过所述第二限流模块 与所述控制模块连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的电控制器件的检测电路，其特征在于，所述检测电源模块包括第三电源子模块和分压子模块，所述第三电源子模块与所述分压子模块的第一端连接，所述分压子模块的第二端作为所述检测电源模块的输出端。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的电控制器件的检测电路，其特征在于，所述检测电路还包括续流模块，所述续流模块与所述电控制器件并联连接。
  10. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的电控制器件的检测电路，其特征在于，所述检测电路还包括第三检测模块，所述第三检测模块的第一端与所述高边开关单元的第一端连接，所述第三检测模块的第二端与所述控制模块连接，所述控制模块还用于根据所述第三检测模块的第二端的电信号，确定所述驱动电源模块是否发生故障。
  11. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的电控制器件的检测电路，其特征在于，所述控制模块包括处理子模块和第一多路选择子模块，所述处理子模块通过所述第一多路选择子模块分别与所述第一检测模块的第三端和所述第二检测模块的第二端连接。
  12. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的电控制器件的检测电路，其特征在于，所述控制模块包括处理子模块和第二多路选择子模块，所述处理子模块通过所述第二多路选择子模块分别与所述高边开关单元和所述低边开关单元连接。
  13. 一种电控制器件的检测方法，其特征在于，应用于权利要求1至12中任一项所述的电控制器件的检测电路中的控制模块，所述检测方法包括：
    获取所述第一检测模块的第三端的电信号，根据所述第一检测模块的第三端的电信号，判断所述电控制器件的驱动回路是否发生故障；或，
    获取所述第二检测模块的第二端的电信号；根据所述第二检测模块的第二端的电信号，判断所述电控制器件的驱动回路是否发生故障；或，
    获取所述第一检测模块的第三端的电信号和所述第二检测模块的第二端的电信号，根据所述第一检测模块的第三端的电信号和所述第二检测模块的第二端的电信号，判断所述电控制器件的驱动回路是否发生故障。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的电控制器件的检测方法，其特征在于，获取所述第一检测模块的第三端的电信号和所述第二检测模块的第二端的电信号，根据所述第 一检测模块的第三端的电信号和所述第二检测模块的第二端的电信号，判断所述电控制器件的驱动回路是否发生故障，具体包括：
    在所述低边开关单元未使能的状态下，控制所述第一开关模块闭合；
    获取所述第二检测模块的第二端的第一电信号；
    在判断出所述第一电信号的电平不是预设的第一电平时，控制所述第二开关模块闭合，获取所述第一检测模块的第三端的第二电信号；
    根据所述第二电信号，确定所述电控制器件的驱动回路的故障类型。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的电控制器件的检测方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述第二电信号，确定所述电控制器件的驱动回路的故障类型，具体包括：
    判断所述第二电信号的电平是否为预设的第二电平；
    若判断结果为是，确定所述电控制器件的驱动回路的故障类型为开路故障；
    若判断结果为不是，确定所述电控制器件的驱动回路的故障类型为短地故障。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的电控制器件的检测方法，其特征在于，在所述控制所述第一开关模块闭合之前，所述电控制器件的检测方法还包括：
    确定所述电控制器件的驱动回路未发生短电源故障。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的电控制器件的检测方法，其特征在于，判断所述电控制器件的驱动回路是否发生短电源故障的方法为：
    在所述第一开关模块和所述第二开关模块均断开的状态下，获取所述第二检测模块的第二端的第三电信号；
    判断所述第三电信号的电平是否为所述第一电平；
    若判断结果为是，则确定所述电控制器件的驱动回路发生短电源故障；
    若判断结果为不是，则确定所述电控制器件的驱动回路未发生短电源故障。
  18. 根据权利要求13所述的电控制器件的检测方法，其特征在于，获取所述第二检测模块的第二端的电信号，根据所述第二检测模块的第二端的电信号，判断所述电控制器件的驱动回路是否发生故障，具体包括：
    在所述第一开关模块闭合的状态下，使能所述低边开关单元；
    获取所述第二检测模块的第二端的第四电信号；
    判断所述第四电信号的电平是否为预设的第二电平；
    若判断结果为是，确定所述低边开关单元使能正常；
    若判断结果为不是，确定所述低边开关单元使能异常。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的电控制器件的检测方法，其特征在于，当所述控制模块与权利要求10所述的检测电路连接时，在所述确定所述低边开关单元使能正常之后，所述电控制器件的检测方法还包括：
    断开所述第一开关模块和所述低边开关单元；
    获取所述第三检测模块的第二端的第五电信号；
    判断所述第五电信号的电压是否处于预设范围内；
    若判断结果为是，则确定所述驱动电源模块正常；
    若判断结果为不是，则确定所述驱动电源模块异常。
  20. 根据权利要求18所述的电控制器件的检测方法，其特征在于，当所述控制模块与权利要求10所述的检测电路连接时，在所述确定所述低边开关单元使能正常之后，所述电控制器件的检测方法还包括：
    断开所述低边开关单元和所述第一开关模块，使能所述高边开关单元；
    获取所述第二检测模块的第二端的第六电信号；
    判断所述第六电信号的电平是否为预设的第一电平；
    若判断结果为是，则确定所述高边开关单元使能正常；
    若判断结果为不是，则确定所述高边开关单元使能异常。
  21. 根据权利要求13所述的电控制器件的检测方法，其特征在于，获取第一检测模块的第三端的电信号，根据所述第一检测模块的第三端的电信号，判断所述电控制器件的驱动回路是否发生故障，具体包括：
    在所述高边开关单元和所述低边开关单元使能，所述第一开关模块断开的状态下，闭合所述第二开关模块；
    实时监测所述第一检测模块的第三端的电信号；
    在确定所述第一检测模块的第三端的电信号的电平不为第二电平时，确定所述电控制器件的驱动回路发生故障。
  22. 一种电动汽车，包括电化学装置、电控制器件以及如权利要求1-13中任一项所述的检测电路。
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