WO2021031914A1 - 一种竞争窗口维护方法及设备 - Google Patents

一种竞争窗口维护方法及设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021031914A1
WO2021031914A1 PCT/CN2020/108298 CN2020108298W WO2021031914A1 WO 2021031914 A1 WO2021031914 A1 WO 2021031914A1 CN 2020108298 W CN2020108298 W CN 2020108298W WO 2021031914 A1 WO2021031914 A1 WO 2021031914A1
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reference data
communication device
response
value
time
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PCT/CN2020/108298
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张佳胤
马瑞泽·大卫·简-玛丽
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to EP20854195.3A priority Critical patent/EP4017201A4/en
Priority to JP2022509700A priority patent/JP7392110B2/ja
Publication of WO2021031914A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021031914A1/zh
Priority to US17/673,653 priority patent/US20220174737A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/0284—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control detecting congestion or overload during communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/1607—Details of the supervisory signal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1825—Adaptation of specific ARQ protocol parameters according to transmission conditions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0053—Allocation of signaling, i.e. of overhead other than pilot signals
    • H04L5/0055—Physical resource allocation for ACK/NACK
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0808—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1829—Arrangements specially adapted for the receiver end
    • H04L1/1854—Scheduling and prioritising arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1867—Arrangements specially adapted for the transmitter end
    • H04L1/1887—Scheduling and prioritising arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/25—Flow control; Congestion control with rate being modified by the source upon detecting a change of network conditions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/27—Evaluation or update of window size, e.g. using information derived from acknowledged [ACK] packets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0833—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a method and equipment for maintaining a competition window.
  • the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) introduced authorized spectrum assisted access (license assisted access, LAA) and enhanced authorization in Release 13 (Release-13, R-13) and R-14 respectively Spectrum-assisted access (LAA, eLAA) technology is a non-standalone deployment communication system on unlicensed spectrum.
  • the communication system can maximize the use of unlicensed spectrum resources with the assistance of licensed spectrum.
  • Communication systems deployed on unlicensed spectrum usually use a competitive way to use/share wireless resources.
  • Communication equipment adopts the same or similar principles to compete fairly and use unlicensed spectrum resources.
  • the communication device first monitors whether the unlicensed spectrum (ie, the channel) is idle before sending a signal, and when it detects that the unlicensed spectrum is in an idle state, it can send a signal on the unlicensed spectrum, otherwise it does not send a signal.
  • This mechanism of listening before sending is called a listen before talk (LBT) mechanism.
  • LBT listen before talk
  • the main idea of the LBT mechanism is: before a communication device needs to send data, it needs to perform a competition process (also called a random backoff process).
  • the competition process is:
  • the communication device randomly selects a number of competition times n (also known as the number of random backoffs) in the interval (0, CW) formed by the contention window (CW), and initializes the competition times counter to n;
  • the number of competition times n is used to characterize the duration of random backoff of the communication device.
  • S5 The communication device sends data on the channel.
  • the multiple communication devices may end the LBT at the same time and send data at the same time, which causes the data transmission of the multiple communication devices to collide, and then Cause mutual interference and ultimately lead to data transmission failure.
  • the current standard can only stipulate that the communication device can receive the response feedback from the end, determine the data transmission situation, and adjust the contention window value CW used in the next LBT.
  • the communication device determines that the current ratio of successful data transmission reaches the first threshold, it maintains the current CW or decreases the CW; when it determines that the ratio of current data transmission failures reaches the second threshold, it increases the CW.
  • the communication device may not be able to receive the response response fed back by the receiving end in time due to various reasons.
  • the receiving end needs time to send the response response through the LBT competition channel. Therefore, the data transmission condition determined by the communication device according to the response response fed back by the receiving end through the foregoing method is not accurate, that is, the transmission condition determined by the communication device cannot accurately reflect whether the current data transmission collides.
  • the present application provides a method and device for maintaining a contention window, which are used to reduce channel access delay while ensuring channel access fairness, and reduce the probability of data transmission collision caused by different communication devices selecting the same contention window.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a method for maintaining a competition window, which may be applicable to network devices or terminal devices (hereinafter collectively referred to as communication devices) that support the use of unlicensed spectrum for channel competition using the LBT mechanism.
  • the method can include the following steps:
  • the communication device determines a first reference time, where the communication device has sent N pieces of first reference data within the first reference time, and the N is an integer greater than 0; the communication device is within the first time window According to the response response of the N first reference data, the first rule is used to maintain the value of the competition window.
  • the communication device sets a certain buffer time (ie, time window) for receiving the response response.
  • the communication device uses a first rule that is different from the prior art to maintain the value of the competition window, thereby improving communication
  • the equipment maintains the flexibility of the competition window value and the accuracy of determining the competition window value. Therefore, this method can reduce the channel access delay of communication devices while ensuring channel access fairness, and reduce the probability of data transmission collision caused by different communication devices selecting the same contention window.
  • the method further includes: after the first time window, the communication device uses a second rule to maintain the contention window value according to the response response of the N first reference data. After the end of the first time window, the communication device has not received a large number of response responses, and these response responses can reflect the current data transmission environment to a certain extent. Therefore, it can be improved when the communication device adopts the second rule to maintain the value of the competition window. To determine the accuracy of the competition window value.
  • the communication device may use the first rule to maintain the competition window value through the following steps: when the proportion of the first target reference data in the N first reference data does not exceed the first target reference data A threshold, or when the proportion of the second target reference data in the N first reference data exceeds a second threshold, the communication device increases the contention window value on the basis of the current contention window value; when The proportion of the first target reference data in the N first reference data exceeds the first threshold, or the proportion of the second target reference data in the N first reference data does not exceed When the second threshold is used, the communication device adjusts the contention window value to the minimum value of the contention window; wherein, the first target reference data is the first reference data that the communication device receives the successful response ACK, so The second target reference data is the first reference data for which the communication device does not receive an ACK.
  • the sum of the first threshold and the second threshold is equal to 1.
  • the communication device Since the contention window value is maintained within the first time window, the communication device does not receive many response responses due to the failure of the LBT at the receiving end or other circumstances, and the communication device does not receive some When the first reference data is ACKed, these first reference data may be incorrectly counted as the first reference data for transmission failure, resulting in the error adjustment to increase the value under the condition that the value of the contention window should be adjusted to the minimum value of the contention window.
  • the contention window value further increases the channel access delay of the communication device, and ultimately affects the channel access fairness of the communication device.
  • the second threshold is set higher (for example, 90%) compared to the failure threshold (for example, 80%) in the traditional maintenance method.
  • this method can make the conditions for increasing the value of the contention window more stringent, thereby reducing the probability that the communication device will increase the value of the contention window due to the ACK response time delay, thereby ensuring the channel access speed of the communication device.
  • the channel access fairness of the communication device is guaranteed.
  • the communication device may use the first rule to maintain the competition window value through the following steps: when the proportion of the first target reference data in the N first reference data exceeds the third Threshold value, the communication device adjusts the contention window value to the minimum value of the contention window; when the proportion of the third target reference data in the N first reference data exceeds the fourth threshold value, the communication device Increase the value of the competition window on the basis of the value of the current competition window; when the proportion of the first target reference data in the N first reference data does not exceed the third threshold, When the proportion of the third target reference data in the first reference data does not exceed the fourth threshold, the communication device does not adjust the contention window value; wherein, the first target reference data is the communication The device receives the first reference data of the ACK, and the third target reference data is the first reference data of the failure response NACK received by the communication device.
  • the sum of the third threshold and the fourth threshold is equal to 1.
  • the communication device Since the contention window value is maintained within the first time window, the communication device does not receive a large number of response responses due to LBT failure at the receiving end or other circumstances, then the communication device does not receive the response
  • the response may be ACK or NACK.
  • the communication device when the communication device maintains the value of the contention window, it only considers the first reference data of the received ACK and NACK, and no longer counts the first reference data of the received DTX. In this way, it can avoid the delay due to delay. At this time, the ACK of the first reference data is not received and the first reference data is incorrectly counted to the first reference data of the received DTX.
  • the conditions for increasing the value of the contention window can also be made more stringent, thereby reducing the probability of increasing the value of the contention window, ensuring the channel access speed of the communication device, and ultimately ensuring the channel access fairness of the communication device.
  • the fourth threshold is the same as or similar to the failure threshold (for example, 80%) in the prior art
  • the third threshold is the same or similar to the success threshold (for example, 20%) in the prior art. Therefore, This implementation manner can ensure that the conditions for adjusting the contention window value to the minimum value are not relaxed, thereby not increasing the probability of adjusting the contention window value to the minimum value, thereby reducing the data transmission collision caused by the reduction of the contention window value of the communication device. Probability.
  • the communication device when the response response of the N first reference data neither meets the condition of increasing the value of the contention window nor the condition of reducing the value of the contention window, the communication device can maintain the contention The window value remains unchanged, so that the channel access speed of the communication device can be guaranteed, and the probability of data transmission collision caused by the reduction of the contention window value of the communication device can also be reduced.
  • the communication device may use the first rule to maintain the competition window value through the following steps: when the proportion of the fourth target reference data in the N first reference data does not exceed the first When the threshold is five, the communication device does not adjust the contention window value; when the proportion of the fourth target reference data in the N first reference data exceeds the fifth threshold, the communication device Adjust the value of the competition window through the following steps:
  • the communication device increases the value of the competition window on the basis of the value of the current competition window; when the proportion of the first target reference data in the fourth target reference data exceeds the sixth threshold, or When the proportion of the third target reference data in the fourth target reference data does not exceed the seventh threshold, the communication device adjusts the contention window value to the minimum value of the contention window; wherein, the first The four-target reference data is the first reference data when the communication device receives the ACK and the first reference data when the NACK is received, and the first target reference data is the first reference data when the communication device receives the ACK.
  • the third target reference data is the first reference data of the NACK received by the communication device.
  • the sum of the sixth threshold and the seventh threshold is equal to 1.
  • the contention window value is maintained within the first time window, there are many response responses that the communication device does not receive due to the failure of the LBT at the receiving end or other circumstances.
  • the number of the first reference data of the response response received by the communication device that is, the fourth target reference data
  • the proportion of the first reference data of the received ACK in the N first reference data is relatively low. If the communication device still maintains the value of the contention window according to the traditional method, the communication device will increase the value of the contention window with a greater probability, thereby increasing the channel access delay of the communication device, and ultimately affecting Channel access fairness of the communication device.
  • the communication device can better reflect the actual distribution of ACK and NACK according to the following two ratios: the ratio of the first reference data receiving ACK to the first reference data receiving ACK and NACK, and The ratio of the first reference data receiving NACK to the first reference data receiving ACK and NACK is used to determine whether to increase the contention window value or adjust the contention window value to the minimum value of the contention window, thereby improving the determination The accuracy of the competition window value. Therefore, this implementation manner can not only ensure the channel access speed of the communication device, but also reduce the probability of data transmission collision caused by the reduction of the contention window value of the communication device.
  • the channel access speed of the communication device can also reduce the probability of data transmission collision caused by the reduction of the contention window value of the communication device, and the communication device can maintain the contention window value unchanged in this case.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific value of the above fifth threshold.
  • the fifth threshold may be set to a lower value, such as 0%, 1%, etc.
  • the communication device may use the first rule to maintain the competition window value through the following steps: when the proportion of the fourth target reference data in the N first reference data does not exceed the first Eight thresholds, or when the proportion of the fifth target reference data in the N first reference data exceeds the ninth threshold, the communication device increases the contention window value on the basis of the current contention window value; when The proportion of the fourth target reference data in the N first reference data exceeds the eighth threshold, or the proportion of the fifth target reference data in the N first reference data When the ninth threshold is not exceeded, the communication device adjusts the value of the contention window to the minimum value of the contention window; wherein, the fourth target reference data is the first reference data and received ACK received by the communication device The first reference data to NACK, where the fifth target reference data is the first reference data for which ACK and NACK are not received by the communication device among the N pieces of first reference data.
  • the sum of the eighth threshold and the ninth threshold is equal to 1.
  • the contention window value is maintained within the first time window, there are many response responses that the communication device did not receive due to the failure of the LBT at the receiving end or other circumstances, and the communication device may not receive the response response. It is caused by data transmission collision. Therefore, when the number of first reference data of the response response (ACK and NACK) received by the communication device is small, it means that the number of first reference data for which no valid response response (or received DTX) is received is large. , Then the probability of data transmission collision is relatively high. Therefore, the communication device can increase the value of the contention window to reduce the probability of transmission collision in the subsequent data transmission process.
  • the communication device can adjust the value of the contention window to the minimum value of the contention window, which can increase the channel access speed of the communication device.
  • the time when the communication device uses the second rule to maintain the value of the competition window may be but not limited to the following:
  • the first kind of timing when the first time window ends, the communication device uses a second rule to maintain the value of the competition window according to the response response of the N first reference data.
  • the second timing when the communication device receives at least one response response of the first reference data after the end of the first time window, it uses the second rule to maintain according to the response response of the N first reference data The value of the competition window.
  • the third opportunity after the first time window ends, the communication device uses the second rule to maintain the contention window value according to the response response of the N first reference data before the data transmission process.
  • the communication device may use the second rule to maintain the competition window value through the following steps: when the proportion of the first target reference data in the N first reference data does not exceed the first target reference data A tenth threshold, or when the proportion of the second target reference data in the N first reference data exceeds the eleventh threshold, the communication device increases the competition window value on the basis of the current competition window value; When the proportion of the first target reference data in the N first reference data exceeds the tenth threshold, or the proportion of the second target reference data in the N first reference data is not When the eleventh threshold is exceeded, the communication device adjusts the contention window value to the minimum value of the contention window; wherein, the first target reference data is the first reference data that the communication device receives a successful response ACK The second target reference data is the first reference data for which the communication device does not receive an ACK.
  • the sum of the tenth threshold and the eleventh threshold is equal to 1.
  • the method of transmission is used to maintain the contention window value. Since the proportion of the first reference data that receives ACK in the N first reference data and the proportion of the first reference data that does not receive ACK in the N first reference data, the actual response can be reflected Response status distribution. Therefore, the accuracy of determining the value of the competition window can be improved through the above implementation. Therefore, this implementation manner can not only ensure the channel access speed of the communication device, but also reduce the probability of data transmission collision caused by the reduction of the contention window value of the communication device.
  • the tenth threshold may be the same or similar to the success threshold in the prior art, and correspondingly, the eleventh threshold may be the same or similar to the failure threshold in the prior art.
  • the communication device may use the second rule to maintain the competition window value through the following steps: when the proportion of the fourth target reference data in the N first reference data does not exceed the first Twelve threshold, or when the proportion of the fifth target reference data in the N first reference data exceeds the thirteenth threshold, the communication device increases the contention window value on the basis of the current contention window value ; When the proportion of the fourth target reference data in the N first reference data exceeds the twelfth threshold, or the fifth target reference data in the N first reference data When the proportion does not exceed the thirteenth threshold, the communication device adjusts the contention window value to the minimum contention window; wherein, the fourth target reference data is the first ACK received by the communication device Reference data and first reference data for receiving NACK, and the fifth target reference data is first reference data for which ACK and NACK are not received by the communication device among the N pieces of first reference data.
  • the sum of the twelfth threshold and the thirteenth threshold is equal to 1.
  • the failure of the communication device to receive the response may be caused by data transmission collisions. Therefore, when the number of first reference data of the response response (ACK and NACK) received by the communication device is small, it means that the number of first reference data of the response response (or DTX) is not received is large, then The probability of data transmission collision is relatively high. Therefore, the communication device can increase the value of the contention window to reduce the probability of transmission collision in the subsequent data transmission process.
  • the communication device can adjust the value of the contention window to the minimum value of the contention window, which can increase the channel access speed of the communication device.
  • the communication device when the communication device receives the response response of any one of the first reference data at least once, the response response of the first reference data received last time is taken as the final response of the first reference data. Reply the response, and use the first rule or the second rule to maintain the competition window value based on the final response of each first reference data.
  • the communication device Since the response response of each reference data received the last time can more accurately reflect the current network transmission status, the communication device maintains the value of the competition window according to the response response of each reference data received the last time, which can improve the determination.
  • the accuracy of the contention window value can reduce the channel access delay of communication devices while ensuring the fairness of channel access, and reduce the probability of data transmission collision caused by different communication devices selecting the same contention window.
  • the start time of the first time window is before or after the first reference time, wherein, when the start time of the first time window is before the first reference time , The end time of the first time window is after the first reference time; or the start time of the first time window is after the data transmission process where the first reference time is located; or the first time The start time of the window is before or after the preset target time domain resource, where the target time domain resource is the earliest time domain resource used by the preset response response for transmitting the N first reference data.
  • the size of the first time window may be preset, or agreed upon by the communication device and the receiving end, or configured by the communication device to the receiving end, or equal to the The maximum length of time that the receiving end waits for the resource of the communication device to schedule a response response.
  • the first time window is maintained by a timer.
  • the first reference time is in the L-th data transmission process
  • the first time window corresponds to the first reference time
  • L is an integer greater than 0; the method further It includes the following steps:
  • the communication device determines a K-th reference time, where the second reference time is in the L+K data transmission process, and the communication device has sent M second reference data within the K-th reference time , Where M is an integer greater than 0, and K is an integer greater than 1.
  • the communication device receives at least one response response of the KYth reference data, and the KYth reference data is The reference data that has been sent within the KYth reference time, the KYth reference time is in the L+KYth transmission process, and Y is an integer greater than 0 and less than K; the communication device transmits according to the L+KYth data
  • the contention window actually used in the process, and the response response of each KY-th reference data received last time re-determine the value of the contention window that should be used in the L+K-Y+1th data transmission process; the communication device according to the previous one
  • the communication device when the communication device receives the response response of the reference data in a previous maintenance of the competition window value, according to the response response of the latest received reference data, it rolls back to the current re-maintenance of the competition window value. And sequentially re-maintain the subsequent competition window value until the current competition window value is determined. Due to the error in the response response of the previously used reference data, this may lead to errors in the previously determined competition window value, and the accumulation of errors through subsequent multiple maintenance, which affects the accuracy of the competition window value. Therefore, the method can correct the previously determined competition window value according to the latest reference data response response, and sequentially correct the subsequent competition window value determined each time, thereby avoiding the accumulation of error in the competition window value and increasing the final competition window value Accuracy.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a method for maintaining a competition window, which may be applicable to network equipment or terminal equipment (hereinafter collectively referred to as communication equipment) that supports the use of unlicensed spectrum and uses the LBT mechanism for channel competition.
  • the method can include the following steps:
  • the communication device determines a reference time, where the communication device has sent N pieces of reference data within the first reference time, where N is an integer greater than 0; the communication device receives any reference data at least once after the reference time A response response to the first reference data; the communication device maintains the contention window value according to the response response of each reference data received last time.
  • the communication device Since the response response of each reference data received the last time can more accurately reflect the current network transmission status, the communication device maintains the value of the competition window according to the response response of each reference data received the last time, which can improve the determination.
  • the accuracy of the contention window value can reduce the channel access delay of communication devices while ensuring the fairness of channel access, and reduce the probability of data transmission collision caused by different communication devices selecting the same contention window.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a method for maintaining a competition window, which may be applicable to network devices or terminal devices (hereinafter collectively referred to as communication devices) that support the use of unlicensed spectrum for channel competition using the LBT mechanism.
  • the method can include the following steps:
  • the communication device determines the reference time, where the communication device has sent N pieces of reference data within the first reference time, where N is an integer greater than 0; when the first target reference data is located in the N pieces of reference data When the proportion of the second target reference data exceeds the first threshold, the communication device adjusts the value of the competition window to the minimum value of the competition window; when the proportion of the second target reference data in the N reference data exceeds the second threshold, the The communication device increases the value of the contention window on the basis of the value of the current contention window; when the proportion of the first target reference data in the N reference data does not exceed the first threshold value, When the proportion of the second target reference data in the reference data does not exceed the second threshold, the communication device does not adjust the contention window value; wherein, the first target reference data is received by the communication device The reference data to the ACK, and the second target reference data is the reference data of the failure response NACK received by the communication device.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a method for maintaining a competition window, which may be applicable to network devices or terminal devices (hereinafter collectively referred to as communication devices) that support the use of unlicensed spectrum for channel competition using the LBT mechanism.
  • the method can include the following steps:
  • the communication device determines the reference time, where the communication device has sent N pieces of reference data within the first reference time, where N is an integer greater than 0; when the first target reference data is located in the N pieces of reference data When the proportion does not exceed the first threshold, the communication device does not adjust the contention window value; when the proportion of the first target reference data in the N reference data exceeds the first threshold, The communication device adjusts the contention window value through the following steps:
  • the communication device increases the value of the contention window on the basis of the value of the current contention window
  • the communication device adjusts the contention window value to the minimum value of the contention window
  • the first target reference data is the reference data of receiving ACK and the reference data of receiving NACK by the communication device
  • the second target reference data is the reference data of receiving ACK by the communication device
  • the first The three-target reference data is the reference data of the NACK received by the communication device.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a method for maintaining a competition window, which may be applicable to network devices or terminal devices (hereinafter collectively referred to as communication devices) that support the use of unlicensed spectrum for channel competition using the LBT mechanism.
  • the method can include the following steps:
  • the communication device determines the reference time, where the communication device has transmitted N reference data within the first reference time; when the proportion of the first target reference data in the N reference data does not exceed a first threshold , Or when the proportion of the second target reference data in the N reference data exceeds the second threshold, the communication device increases the contention window value on the basis of the current contention window value; When the proportion of the first target reference data in the N reference data exceeds the first threshold, or when the proportion of the second target reference data in the N reference data does not exceed the second threshold The communication device adjusts the contention window value to the minimum value of the contention window; wherein, the first target reference data is the reference data for receiving ACK and the reference data for receiving NACK by the communication device, and the second The target reference data is the reference data for which the communication device has not received ACK and NACK among the N pieces of reference data.
  • the communication device may, but is not limited to, adopt the following methods to increase the value of the competition window on the basis of the value of the current competition window:
  • Method 1 According to the traditional method, the communication device doubles the value of the current competition window.
  • Method 2 The communication device sets multiple levels in advance within the range of the minimum value of the competition window CWmim,p and the maximum value of the contention window CWmax,p, for example, CW1,p (ie CWmim,p), CW2,p, CW2,p ,...CWf,p (ie CWmax,p).
  • the communication device increases the competition window value based on the current competition window value CWp, it can determine the level of the current competition window value, and then adjust the competition window value to the next value of the level. High grade. For example, when the value of the current competition window CWp is CWi,p, the communication device may adjust the value of the competition window CWp to CWi+1,p.
  • Method 3 The network device adds a fixed value on the basis of the current contention window value.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, including a unit for executing each step in any of the above aspects.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, including at least one processing element and at least one storage element, wherein the at least one storage element is used to store programs and data, and the at least one processing element is used to execute the above Any method provided.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program, which when the computer program runs on a computer, causes the computer to execute the method provided in any one of the foregoing aspects.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a computer storage medium in which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a computer, the computer is caused to execute the method provided in any of the above aspects .
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a chip, which is used to read a computer program stored in a memory and execute the method provided in any one of the foregoing aspects.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a chip system, which includes a processor, and is configured to support a computer device to implement the method provided in any one of the foregoing aspects.
  • the chip system further includes a memory, and the memory is used to store necessary programs and data of the computer device.
  • the chip system can be composed of chips, or can include chips and other discrete devices.
  • FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for maintaining a competition window provided by an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 3 is an example diagram of the starting time of the time window D corresponding to the reference time k provided in an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a maintenance example of a competition window provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another example of maintenance of a competition window provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another example of maintenance of a competition window provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 7A is a schematic diagram of another example of maintenance of a competition window provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 7B is a schematic diagram of another example of maintenance of a competition window provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 7C is a schematic diagram of another example of maintenance of a competition window provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of another example of maintenance of a competition window provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 9 is a structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 10 is a structural diagram of another communication device provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • the present application provides a contention window adjustment method and device, which are used to reduce channel access delay while ensuring channel access fairness, and reduce the probability of data transmission collision caused by different communication devices selecting the same contention window.
  • the method and the device are based on the same technical idea. Since the principles of the method and the device to solve the problem are similar, the implementation of the device and the method can be referred to each other, and the repetition will not be repeated.
  • Communication equipment is a device with the communication function of data transmission in the communication system.
  • the communication equipment uses the unlicensed spectrum resource using the LBT competition method.
  • the communication device may be a network device, a terminal device, or a relay device, etc., which is not limited in this application.
  • Network equipment is the equipment in the communication system that connects terminal equipment to the wireless network.
  • the network device may also be referred to as a base station, or may also be referred to as a radio access network (RAN) node (or device).
  • RAN radio access network
  • gNB transmission reception point
  • TRP transmission reception point
  • eNB evolved Node B
  • RNC radio network controller
  • Node B Node B
  • NB access point
  • access point access point
  • AP base station controller
  • BSC base transceiver station
  • BTS home base station
  • BBU baseband unit
  • eLTE-DSA Enterprise LTE Discrete Spectrum Aggregation
  • the network device may include a centralized unit (CU) node and a distributed unit (DU) node.
  • CU centralized unit
  • DU distributed unit
  • This structure splits the protocol layer of the eNB in the long-term evolution (LTE) system. Some of the protocol layer functions are placed under the centralized control of the CU, and some or all of the protocol layer functions are distributed in the DU. Centralized control of DU.
  • Terminal equipment is a device that provides users with voice and/or data connectivity. Terminal equipment may also be called user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (MT), and so on.
  • UE user equipment
  • MS mobile station
  • MT mobile terminal
  • the terminal device may be a handheld device with a wireless connection function, various vehicle-mounted devices, roadside units, and so on.
  • some examples of terminal equipment are: mobile phones (mobile phones), tablet computers, notebook computers, handheld computers, mobile internet devices (MID), smart point of sale (POS), wearable devices, Virtual reality (VR) equipment, augmented reality (AR) equipment, industrial control (industrial control) wireless terminals, unmanned driving (self-driving) wireless terminals, remote medical surgery (remote medical surgery)
  • ECU electronice control unit
  • Relay equipment is a device that has a bridging function and can establish a wireless connection with terminal equipment, network equipment, or other relay equipment. For example, when the physical distance between the terminal device and the network device is large or there are obstacles, the terminal device cannot directly connect to the network device, then at least one relay device can be deployed between the terminal device and the network device to form a multi-hop Communication, so as to realize the wireless connection between terminal equipment and network equipment.
  • relay equipment can be terminal equipment, network bridge, network equipment (such as micro base station, AP, etc.), access backhaul integrated IAB node (node), customer premises equipment (CPE), with access This application is not limited to equipment with integrated capabilities for incoming and return transmission.
  • network equipment such as micro base station, AP, etc.
  • access backhaul integrated IAB node node
  • CPE customer premises equipment
  • the response response is sent by the receiving device according to the transmission status of the data packet, and is used to notify the sending device of the transmission status of the data packet, so that the sending device can determine whether retransmission is required according to the response response.
  • hybrid automatic repeat request Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest, HARQ
  • the receiving device after receiving a data packet, the receiving device sends a hybrid automatic repeat request acknowledgement (HARQ-acknowledgment, HARQ) to the sending device.
  • HARQ-acknowledgment HARQ-acknowledgment
  • -ACK to notify the sending device of the transmission status of the data packet by the receiving device, so that the sending device determines whether the data packet needs to be retransmitted according to the transmission status of the TB.
  • data packets include TB.
  • the HARQ-ACK includes: Acknowledgement (ACK) and Negative Acknowledgement (NACK).
  • ACK indicates that the data packet transmission is successful; NACK indicates that the data packet transmission fails.
  • the "acknowledgement response" can be replaced with the "HARQ-ACK” except for special circumstances.
  • the terminal device when a network device sends a downlink PDSCH to a terminal device, the terminal device will feed back ACK or NACK for the PDSCH.
  • the network device when a terminal device sends uplink data to a network device, the network device will feed back ACK or NACK for the uplink data through signaling, and it can also be the same as the new data transmission indication (NDI) in the uplink scheduling signaling for scheduling the same HARQ process next time.
  • NDI new data transmission indication
  • the receiving device only sends the ACK when the data packet transmission is successful; when the sending device receives the ACK, it determines that the data packet transmission is successful, and when it does not receive the ACK, it determines that the data packet transmission fails and needs to be retransmitted.
  • HARQ-ACK includes three states: ACK, NACK, and a third state other than ACK and NACK.
  • the third state can also be called Discontinuous Transmission (DTX). Its essence can be other responses besides ACK or NACK, also called "any”.
  • the receiving device not detecting a valid response response (ACK and NACK) is also regarded as receiving DTX.
  • FIG. 1A shows the architecture of a possible communication system to which the contention window method provided in an embodiment of the present application is applicable.
  • the communication system includes: network equipment and terminal equipment (terminal equipment a-terminal equipment e in FIG. 1A).
  • the network device is an entity that can receive and transmit wireless signals on the network side, and is responsible for providing wireless access-related services for terminal devices in the cell under its management, realizing physical layer functions, resource scheduling, wireless resource management, and service quality (Quality of Service, QoS) management, wireless access control and mobility management functions.
  • QoS Quality of Service
  • the terminal device is an entity capable of receiving and transmitting wireless signals on the user side, and needs to access the network through the network device.
  • the communication system shown in FIG. 1A supports sidelink communication technology.
  • the sidelink communication technology is a near-field communication technology that can directly connect between terminal devices, and is also called proximity services (Proximity services, ProSe) communication technology, or device to device (device to device, D2D) communication technology.
  • ProSe proximity services
  • D2D device to device
  • terminal device a, terminal device b, and terminal device c all support sidelink communication, then these three terminal devices can form a sub-communication system, between terminal device a and terminal device b, Both the terminal device b and the terminal device c can transmit sidelink data.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a network topology architecture of the communication system, as shown in FIG. 1B.
  • the network device and the terminal device may be connected through an air interface (ie, a Uu interface), so as to realize the communication between the terminal device and the network device (this communication may be referred to as Uu communication or cellular network communication).
  • the PC5 interface can be used between neighboring terminal devices to establish a direct link for sidelink data transmission.
  • the communication system shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B can use unlicensed spectrum resources for data transmission.
  • unlicensed spectrum resources can be used for data transmission.
  • terminal devices can communicate through a PC5 interface
  • unlicensed spectrum resources can be used for data transmission.
  • the communication system shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B is taken as an example, and does not constitute a limitation to the communication system to which the method provided in the embodiment of the present application is applicable.
  • the embodiments of the present application can also be applied to communication systems of various types and standards, such as: the fifth generation (The 5th Generation, 5G) communication system, future (sixth generation, seventh generation, etc.) communication systems, long-term evolution (Long Term Evolution, LTE) communication system, vehicle to everything (V2X), long-term evolution-Internet of Vehicles (LTE-vehicle, LTE-V), vehicle to vehicle (V2V), Internet of Vehicles, machine Communication (Machine Type Communications, MTC), Internet of Things (IoT), Long Term Evolution-Machine to Machine (LTE-machine to machine, LTE-M), Machine to Machine (M2M), D2D, Communication systems such as enterprise LTE discrete spectrum aggregation (eLTE-DSA) systems, etc., are not limited in
  • the communication device In the communication system deployed on the unlicensed spectrum shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B, the communication device (network device or terminal device) usually adopts the LBT mechanism to use the unlicensed spectrum resource in fair competition.
  • the main process of the LBT mechanism can be referred to the description in the background art and will not be repeated here.
  • the process of updating the contention window CW of the network device eNB in the LTE-LAA communication system has been defined in 3GPP TS37.213.
  • the LTE-LAA communication system sets different priorities for the value of the contention window (for example, setting priorities 1, 2, 3, 4), and sets the corresponding minimum value of the contention window CWmin, p and the maximum value of the contention window for each priority p CWmax,p, where p ⁇ 1,2,3,4 ⁇ .
  • the eNB can adjust the contention window value CWp according to the following steps.
  • the eNB defines the starting subframe of the most recent transmission on the current carrier as a reference subframe, wherein the eNB sends multiple reference PDSCHs in the reference subframe.
  • the eNB adjusts the CWp of the next LBT according to the received response response of the PDSCH in the reference subframe:
  • This application provides a method for maintaining a competition window.
  • the method can be applied to the communication system shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B.
  • the communication device involved in the method can be used for supporting the use of unlicensed spectrum in the communication system.
  • Network equipment or terminal equipment that competes for channels under the LBT mechanism Refer to Figure 2.
  • the method specifically includes the following processes.
  • the communication device determines a first reference time, where the communication device has sent N pieces of first reference data within the first reference time, and the N is an integer greater than 0.
  • the communication device can send data to the receiving end through multiple data transmission processes. Therefore, when determining the first reference time, the communication device may determine the first reference time during the L-th data transmission process. Exemplarily, the communication device may set the specified time period in the L-th data transmission process as the first reference time, or the communication device may set the part of the L-th data transmission process as the first reference time. The time period serves as the first reference time. For example, when the communication device performs a data transmission process by sending a wireless frame, the communication device may use the first a time slot in the wireless frame performing the Lth data transmission process as the first reference time, where L And a are integers greater than zero.
  • the first reference data may be a data packet transmitted within the first reference time.
  • the network device is the communication device, and the first reference data may be a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH).
  • PDSCH physical downlink shared channel
  • the terminal device transmits uplink data to a network device
  • the terminal device is the communication device
  • the first reference data may be a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH).
  • the communication device uses the first rule to maintain the contention window value according to the response response of the N first reference data within the first time window; after the first time window, the communication device maintains the contention window value according to the N A response to the first reference data, using the second rule to maintain the value of the competition window.
  • the first rule and the second rule may be the same or different.
  • the communication device saves the value of the competition window or is stipulated by the protocol. In this way, when the communication device performs the LBT competition process before the data transmission process, the communication device can compete Choose a random number of competitions within the interval formed by the window value.
  • the communication device when the communication device executes S202, within the first time window, the communication device may, but is not limited to, trigger the use of the first rule to maintain the competition window value at the following timing:
  • the first opportunity when the communication device receives at least one response response of the first reference data within the first time window, according to the response response of the N first reference data, the first rule is used to maintain the contention window Numerical value. That is, receiving the response response of the first reference data triggers the communication device to maintain the competition window value.
  • the second type of timing when the communication device determines that the data transmission process needs to be started within the first time window according to the time domain resource configuration of the data transmission process, before the data transmission process is performed, the communication device according to the N A response to the first reference data, using the first rule to maintain the value of the competition window. That is, the data transmission process to be executed within the first time window triggers the communication device to maintain the contention window value.
  • the communication device may, but is not limited to, through the following implementation manners, according to the response response of the N first reference data, use the first rule to maintain the competition window value.
  • the first implementation is a first implementation:
  • the communication device increases the contention window value on the basis of the current contention window value
  • the communication device adjusts the contention window value to the minimum value of the contention window
  • the first target reference data is the first reference data that the communication device receives a successful response ACK, the number of which is represented by Num(ACK), and the second target reference data is that the communication device has not received
  • the first reference data of the ACK, that is, the second target reference data is the first reference data that the communication device receives NACK and DTX, the number of which is represented by Num(NACK)+Num(DTX).
  • the sum of the first threshold and the second threshold is equal to 1.
  • the communication device Since the contention window value is maintained within the first time window, the communication device does not receive a large number of response responses due to LBT failure at the receiving end or other circumstances, and the communication device does not receive some first responses.
  • these first reference data errors may be counted as the first reference data for transmission failure, resulting in the error adjustment to increase the value under the condition that the value of the contention window should be adjusted to the minimum value of the contention window.
  • the value of the contention window further increases the channel access delay of the communication device, and ultimately affects the channel access fairness of the communication device.
  • the second threshold is set higher (for example, 90%) compared to the failure threshold (for example, 80%) in the traditional maintenance method.
  • this method can make the conditions for increasing the value of the contention window more stringent, thereby reducing the probability of the communication device increasing the value of the contention window due to LBT failure at the receiving end or other conditions, thereby ensuring channel access of the communication device The speed ultimately guarantees the channel access fairness of the communication device.
  • the communication device adjusts the contention window value to the minimum value of the contention window ;
  • the communication device increases the value of the current contention window Competition window value
  • the communication device does not adjust the contention window value
  • the first target reference data is the first reference data of the ACK received by the communication device, the number of which is represented by Num(ACK)
  • the third target reference data is the first reference data of the NACK received by the communication device.
  • Reference data the number of which is represented by Num(NACK).
  • the sum of the third threshold and the fourth threshold is equal to 1.
  • the communication device Since the contention window value is maintained in the first time window, the communication device does not receive more response responses due to delay or LBT failure at the receiving end, then the communication device does not receive the response response It may be ACK or NACK.
  • the communication device when the communication device maintains the value of the contention window, it only considers the first reference data of the received ACK and NACK, and no longer counts the first reference data of the received DTX. In this way, it can avoid the delay due to delay. At this time, the ACK of the first reference data is not received and the first reference data is incorrectly counted to the first reference data whose transmission fails.
  • the conditions for increasing the value of the contention window can also be made more stringent, thereby reducing the probability of increasing the value of the contention window, ensuring the channel access speed of the communication device, and ultimately ensuring the channel access fairness of the communication device.
  • the fourth threshold is the same as or similar to the failure threshold (for example, 80%) in the prior art
  • the third threshold is the same or similar to the success threshold (for example, 20%) in the prior art. Therefore, This implementation manner can ensure that the conditions for adjusting the contention window value to the minimum value are not relaxed, thereby not increasing the probability of adjusting the contention window value to the minimum value, thereby reducing the data transmission collision caused by the reduction of the contention window value of the communication device. Probability.
  • the communication device may maintain the The value of the contention window remains unchanged. In this way, the channel access speed of the communication device can be guaranteed, and the probability of data transmission collision caused by the reduction of the value of the contention window can also be reduced.
  • the communication device does not adjust the Competition window value
  • the communication device passes The following steps adjust the value of the competition window:
  • the communication device increases on the basis of the current contention window value The value of the competition window
  • the communication device When the proportion of the first target reference data (Num(ACK)/(Num(ACK)+Num(NACK))) in the fourth target reference data exceeds the sixth threshold, or in the When the proportion (Num(NACK)/(Num(ACK)+Num(NACK))) of the third target reference data in the fourth target reference data does not exceed the seventh threshold, the communication device will The value of the competition window is adjusted to the minimum value of the competition window;
  • the fourth target reference data is the first reference data for receiving ACK and the first reference data for receiving NACK by the communication device, the number of which is represented by Num(ACK)+Num(NACK);
  • the target reference data is the first reference data that the communication device receives ACK, and its number is represented by Num(ACK), and the third target reference data is the first reference data that the communication device receives NACK, and the number is Num(NACK) means.
  • the sum of the sixth threshold and the seventh threshold is equal to 1.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific values of the above sixth threshold and seventh threshold.
  • the sixth threshold may be set to 10%
  • the first threshold may be set to 90%.
  • the communication device since the contention window value is maintained within the first time window, the communication device does not receive more response responses due to delay or LBT failure at the receiving end.
  • the number of the first reference data of the response response received by the communication device that is, the fourth target reference data
  • the proportion of the first reference data of the received ACK in the N first reference data is relatively low. Small, the communication device adjusts the value of the contention window, thereby reducing the channel access delay of the communication device, and ultimately ensuring the channel access fairness of the communication device.
  • the communication device can better reflect the actual distribution of ACK and NACK according to the following two ratios: the ratio of the first reference data receiving ACK to the first reference data receiving ACK and NACK, and The ratio of the first reference data receiving NACK to the first reference data receiving ACK and NACK is used to determine whether to increase the contention window value or adjust the contention window value to the minimum value of the contention window, thereby improving the determination The accuracy of the competition window value. Therefore, this implementation manner can not only ensure the channel access speed of the communication device, but also reduce the probability of data transmission collision caused by the reduction of the contention window value of the communication device.
  • the channel access speed of the communication device can also reduce the probability of data transmission collision caused by the reduction of the contention window value of the communication device, and the communication device can maintain the contention window value unchanged in this case.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific value of the above fifth threshold.
  • the fifth threshold may be set to a lower value, such as 0%, 1%, etc.
  • the communication device increases the contention window value on the basis of the current contention window value
  • the communication device adjusts the contention window value to the minimum contention window
  • the fourth target reference data is the first reference data for receiving ACK and the first reference data for receiving NACK by the communication device, the number of which is represented by Num(ACK)+Num(NACK), and the fifth The target reference data is the first reference data for which the communication device has not received ACK and NACK among the N first reference data, that is, the fifth target reference data is the first reference data for which DTX is detected, and the number is passed Num (DTX) said.
  • the sum of the eighth threshold and the ninth threshold is equal to 1.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific values of the above eighth threshold and ninth threshold.
  • the eighth threshold may be set to 10%
  • the ninth threshold may be set to 90%.
  • the contention window value is maintained within the first time window, there are many response responses that the communication device does not receive due to LBT failure at the receiving end or other conditions.
  • the failure of the communication device to receive the response may be due to data transmission collisions. Therefore, when the number of first reference data of the response response (ACK and NACK) received by the communication device is small, it means that the number of first reference data for which no valid response response (or received DTX) is received is large. , Then the probability of data transmission collision is relatively high. Therefore, the communication device can increase the value of the contention window to reduce the probability of transmission collision in the subsequent data transmission process.
  • the communication device can adjust the value of the contention window to the minimum value of the contention window, which can increase the channel access speed of the communication device.
  • the communication device when the communication device executes S202, after the first time window, the communication device may trigger the use of the second rule to maintain the competition window value at the following timing:
  • the first kind of timing when the first time window ends, the communication device uses a second rule to maintain the value of the competition window according to the response response of the N first reference data. That is, the end of the first time window triggers the communication device to maintain the contention window value.
  • the second timing when the communication device receives at least one response response of the first reference data after the end of the first time window, it uses the second rule to maintain according to the response response of the N first reference data
  • the contention window value that is, the response response to receiving the first reference data triggers the communication device to maintain the contention window value.
  • the third opportunity after the first time window ends, the communication device uses the second rule to maintain the contention window value according to the response response of the N first reference data before the data transmission process. That is, the data transmission process to be executed outside the first time window triggers the communication device to maintain the contention window value.
  • the communication device may trigger the use of the second The rule maintains the competition window value.
  • the communication device directly uses the contention window value for the data transmission process without using the second time window. Rule maintenance.
  • the communication device may, but is not limited to, through the following implementation manners, according to the response response of the N first reference data, use the second rule to maintain the competition window value.
  • the first implementation is a first implementation:
  • the communication device increases the contention window value based on the current contention window value;
  • the communication device adjusts the contention window value to the minimum contention window
  • the first target reference data is the first reference data for which the communication device receives ACK, and the number is represented by Num(ACK), and the second target reference data is the first reference data for which the communication device does not receive ACK.
  • a reference data whose quantity is represented by Num(NACK)+Num(DTX).
  • the sum of the tenth threshold and the eleventh threshold is equal to 1.
  • the method of transmission is used to maintain the contention window value. Since the proportion of the first reference data that receives ACK in the N first reference data and the proportion of the first reference data that does not receive ACK in the N first reference data, the actual response can be reflected Response status distribution. Therefore, the accuracy of determining the value of the competition window can be improved through the above implementation. Therefore, this implementation manner can not only ensure the channel access speed of the communication device, but also reduce the probability of data transmission collision caused by the reduction of the contention window value of the communication device.
  • the tenth threshold may be the same or similar to the success threshold in the prior art, and correspondingly, the eleventh threshold may be the same or similar to the failure threshold in the prior art.
  • the tenth threshold may be set to 20%, and the eleventh threshold may be set to 80%.
  • the communication device increases the contention window value on the basis of the current contention window value
  • the communication device adjusts the contention window value to the smallest contention window value
  • the fourth target reference data is the first reference data for receiving ACK and the first reference data for receiving NACK by the communication device, the number of which is represented by Num(ACK)+Num(NACK), and the fifth The target reference data is the first reference data for which the communication device has not received ACK and NACK among the N first reference data, and the number thereof is represented by Num (DTX).
  • the sum of the twelfth threshold and the thirteenth threshold is equal to 1.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific values of the above twelfth threshold and thirteenth threshold.
  • the twelfth threshold may be set to 20%
  • the third threshold may be set to 80%.
  • the failure of the communication device to receive the response may be caused by data transmission collisions. Therefore, when the number of first reference data of the response response (ACK and NACK) received by the communication device is small, it means that the number of first reference data of the response response (or DTX) is not received is large, then The probability of data transmission collision is relatively high. Therefore, the communication device can increase the value of the contention window to reduce the probability of transmission collision in the subsequent data transmission process.
  • the communication device can adjust the value of the contention window to the minimum value of the contention window, which can increase the channel access speed of the communication device.
  • the communication system can support one feedback or multiple feedback of the response response.
  • the communication device may receive the response response of some first reference data multiple times before maintaining the value of the competition window, then the communication device.
  • the response response of the first reference data received last time is taken as the final response response of the first reference data, and then according to the The final response response of the N first reference data maintains the value of the competition window.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a method for the communication device to determine the first time window:
  • the communication device may determine the starting time of the first time window in the following manner:
  • the start time of the first time window is before or after the first reference time, wherein when the start time of the first time window is before the first reference time, the first time window The end time of is after the first reference time; or
  • the start time of the first time window is after the data transmission process where the first reference time is located;
  • the start time of the first time window is before or after the preset target time domain resource, where the target time domain resource is the earliest used in the preset response response for transmitting the N first reference data Time domain resources.
  • the communication device may determine the size of the first time window in the following manner:
  • the size of the first time window may be preset (for example, specified in a standard), or agreed upon between the communication device and the receiving end, or configured by the communication device to the receiving end, or equal to the The maximum length of time that the receiving end waits for the resources of the communication device to schedule a response response, or the first time window is other time lengths that have been reused by the communication device, which is not limited in this application.
  • the first time window is maintained by a timer.
  • the communication device starts the first time window timer and initializes it to 0 or D, and then As time goes by, the count in the first time window timer is incremented or decremented.
  • the count in the first time window timer is D or 0, the first time window ends.
  • D is greater than 0, and its units are seconds, milliseconds, subframes, time slots, etc. This application does not limit this.
  • the communication device may repeat the above steps to continuously update the value of the competition window to adapt to the changing data transmission environment at any time.
  • the communication device may determine the reference time and the time window corresponding to the reference time multiple times (for example, the above-mentioned first time window corresponds to the first reference time), and maintain the competition window value through the first rule or the second rule.
  • the communication device receives the response response of the reference data sent within a certain reference time after the current reference time is determined, the communication device needs to fall back to the value of the re-maintenance competition window and re-maintain it in sequence The competition window for each maintenance after this time up to the current time.
  • the cyclic maintenance process is as follows:
  • the communication device determines the Kth reference time, where the second reference time is in the L+K data transmission process, and the communication device is in the Kth reference time.
  • M second reference data have been sent within the K reference time, where M is an integer greater than 0, and K is an integer greater than 1;
  • the communication device does not receive at least one KY-th reference data response response, then the communication device continues to use the first rule or the second rule to maintain through the above step S202 The value of the competition window;
  • the communication device receives at least one response response of the KYth reference data, where the KYth reference data is the reference data that has been sent within the KYth reference time, and the KYth reference time In the L+KY-th transmission process, Y is an integer greater than 0 and less than K;
  • the communication device re-determines that the L+K-Y+1th data transmission process should be used according to the contention window actually used in the L+KYth data transmission process and the response response of each KYth reference data received last time The value of the competition window;
  • the communication device determines that the next data transmission process should The contention window value used; repeat the above steps until the contention window value that should be used in the L+K data transmission process is determined;
  • the communication device updates the current contention window value to the contention window value that should be used in the L+Kth data transmission process
  • the communication device uses the first rule to maintain the contention window value according to the response response of the M second reference data in the Kth time window corresponding to the Kth reference time;
  • the communication device uses a second rule to maintain the contention window value according to the response response of the M second reference data.
  • the communication device when the communication device receives the response response of the reference data for a previous maintenance of the competition window value, according to the response response of the latest received reference data, it rolls back to the current re-maintenance of the competition window value. And sequentially re-maintain the subsequent competition window value until the current competition window value is determined. Due to the error in the response response of the previously used reference data, this may lead to errors in the previously determined competition window value, and the accumulation of errors through subsequent multiple maintenance, which affects the accuracy of the competition window value. Therefore, the method can correct the previously determined competition window value according to the latest reference data response response, and sequentially correct the subsequent competition window value determined each time, thereby avoiding the accumulation of error in the competition window value and increasing the final competition window value Accuracy.
  • the communication device may, but is not limited to, increase the value of the contention window on the basis of the current value of the contention window by the following method:
  • Method 1 According to the traditional method, the communication device doubles the value of the current competition window.
  • Method 2 The communication device sets multiple levels in advance within the range of the minimum value of the competition window CWmim,p and the maximum value of the contention window CWmax,p, for example, CW1,p (ie CWmim,p), CW2,p, CW2,p ,...CWf,p (ie CWmax,p).
  • the communication device increases the competition window value based on the current competition window value CWp, it can determine the level of the current competition window value, and then adjust the competition window value to the next value of the level. High grade. For example, when the value of the current competition window CWp is CWi,p, the communication device may adjust the value of the competition window CWp to CWi+1,p.
  • Method 3 The network device adds a fixed value on the basis of the current contention window value.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method for maintaining a competition window.
  • the communication device can use the first rule to maintain the value of the competition window within the time window.
  • the communication device sets a certain buffer time (That is, the time window), within the buffer time, the communication device adopts a first rule different from the prior art to maintain the value of the competition window, thereby improving the flexibility of the communication device to maintain the value of the competition window and determining the accuracy of the value of the competition window Sex.
  • the accuracy of determining the value of the contention window when the communication device adopts the second rule to maintain the value of the contention window is improved.
  • this method can improve the accuracy of communication equipment in determining the contention window. Therefore, this method can reduce the channel access delay of communication equipment under the condition of ensuring channel access fairness, and reduce the delay due to different communication equipment choosing the same The probability of data transmission collision caused by the contention window.
  • this application also provides an example of competition window maintenance, please refer to the figure-figure.
  • the network device is the sending end, and the terminal device is the receiving end, and the network device can be shared through the physical downlink during the downlink data transmission.
  • a channel (physical downlink shared channel, PDSCH) is used for data transmission, and the terminal device can feed back the response of each PDSCH to the network device through a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH).
  • PUCCH physical uplink control channel
  • the first reference time is taken as the reference time k as an example
  • the first reference data is taken as an example of the PDSCH transmitted within the reference time k.
  • Example 1 This example provides a method for a network device to determine the time window D corresponding to the reference time k.
  • the network device when the network device determines the reference time k in a downlink data transmission process (ie, a downlink brust), then the network device can determine the start time of the time window D corresponding to the reference time k Before the reference time k (as shown by T1 in the figure), or after the reference time k (as shown by T1' in the figure), it can also be from the end of the downlink data transmission process including the reference time k (as shown in the figure). As shown in T2), or before (as shown in T3 in the figure) or after (as shown in T3' in the figure) from the earliest time domain resource allocated to the terminal device to feed back the PDSCH response response within the reference time k.
  • the size of the time window D of the reference time k may be agreed in advance by the standard (ie, preset), or it may be configured to the terminal by the network device through radio resource control (radio resource control, RRC) signaling Equipment, or the network equipment reuses other existing time lengths.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • the size of the time window D is other existing time duration, the maximum time duration for the terminal device to wait for the network device to schedule an additional response response time domain resource.
  • the network device can maintain the time window D in a variety of ways.
  • the network device may maintain the time window D (for example, the duration is T0) through a timer, for example, at the beginning of the time window D, the network device starts a time window timer , And initialized to 0 or T0, and then as time goes by, the count in the time window timer is incremented or decremented.
  • the count in the time window timer is T0 or 0, that is, the time window D end.
  • the network device determines a reference time k and a time window D corresponding to the reference time k.
  • the network device has sent N PDSCHs within the reference time k, where the reference time k is in the xth downlink data transmission process (for example, a burst), where N is an integer greater than 0.
  • the network device uses the contention window value of the priority p for data transmission.
  • the network device determines the start time g of the x+1th downlink data transmission process according to the resource configuration of the PDSCH.
  • the network device When the start time g of the x+1th downlink data transmission process is within the time window D, the network device maintains the value of the contention window by the following method (corresponding to the use of the first in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 The first implementation of the rule):
  • the network device increases the contention window value on the basis of the current contention window value CWp.
  • the network device adjusts the contention window value CWp to the minimum contention window CWmin,p.
  • the sum of the first threshold and the second threshold is equal to 1.
  • the first threshold is greater than 80% in the prior art.
  • the first threshold may be set to 90%.
  • the second threshold is less than 20% in the prior art, for example, the second threshold may be set to 10%.
  • the network device maintains the competition window by the following method (corresponding to the use of the second rule in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 The first implementation mode):
  • the network device increases the competition window on the basis of the current competition window CWp.
  • the network device adjusts the contention window CWp to the minimum value CWmin,p.
  • the sum of the third threshold and the fourth threshold is equal to 1.
  • the relationship between the third threshold and the first threshold is not limited.
  • the first threshold is greater than the third threshold.
  • the third threshold may be the same or similar to the failure threshold of 80% in the maintenance method in the prior art.
  • the fourth threshold may be the same or similar to the success threshold of 20% in the prior art.
  • this time window of the network device can be used as the buffer time for the network device to receive the response response, because the network device is in the time window D After that, due to the time delay, there are fewer response responses that the network device does not receive, which reduces the probability that the received DTX PDSCH error is counted as the PDSCH transmission failure, thereby increasing the probability of the contention window value.
  • This method will not cause the contention window value to be unable to increase because the receiving end does not feed back NACK, so as to affect the channel access fairness of the communication system.
  • the first threshold is 90%
  • the second threshold is 10%
  • the third threshold is 80%
  • the fourth threshold is 20%.
  • the network device determines a reference time k during the xth downlink data transmission process, and then determines a time window D corresponding to the reference time k.
  • the response response of PDSCH#1 is ACK
  • the response response of PDSCH#2-PDSCH#4 is DTX
  • the response response of PDSCH5 is NACK.
  • the network device determines that the start time g of the x+1th downlink data transmission process is within the time window D, the network device maintains the response according to the received response in PDSCH#1-PDSCH#5 The value of the competition time window. Since the PDSCHs that have not received ACK account for 80% of the 5 PDSCHs, which does not reach the preset 90%, and the PDSCHs that receive ACKs account for 20% of the 5 PDSCHs, which exceeds the preset 10%, Therefore, the communication device adjusts the value of the contention window to the minimum value of the contention window CWmin,p.
  • the network device determines that the start time g of the x+1th downlink data transmission process is outside the time window D, then the network device maintains the response according to the received response in PDSCH#1-PDSCH#5 The value of the competition time window. Since the proportion of PDSCHs that have not received ACKs in the 5 PDSCHs is 80%, reaching the preset 80%, and the proportion of PDSCHs that receive ACKs in the 5 PDSCHs is 20%, exceeding the preset 00%, so The communication device increases the competition window value on the basis of the current competition window value CW0, that is, adjusts the competition window value to CW1, where CW1>CW0.
  • Example 3 The scenario is the same as the above example 2, and will not be repeated here.
  • the network device determines the start time g of the x+1th downlink data transmission process according to the resource configuration of the PDSCH.
  • the network device When the start time g of the x+1th downlink data transmission process is within the time window D, the network device maintains the value of the contention window by the following method (corresponding to the use of the first in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 The second implementation of the rule):
  • the network device increases the contention window value on the basis of the current contention window value CWp.
  • the network device adjusts the contention window value CWp to the minimum contention window CWmin,p.
  • the network device does not adjust the contention window value CWp, that is, keeps the current contention window value CWp unchanged.
  • the sum of the first threshold and the second threshold is equal to 1.
  • the first threshold may be the same as or similar to the failure threshold of 80% in the maintenance method in the prior art.
  • the second threshold may be the same or similar to the 20% success threshold in the prior art.
  • the network device After the start time g of the x+1th downlink data transmission ends in the time window D, the network device maintains the contention window through the following method in Example 2. For the specific process, please refer to Example 2. Repeat it again.
  • the first threshold is 80%
  • the second threshold is 20%
  • the third threshold is 80%
  • the fourth threshold is 20%.
  • the network device determines a reference time k during the xth downlink data transmission process, and then determines a time window D corresponding to the reference time k.
  • the response response of PDSCH#2-PDSCH#3 is DTX
  • the response response of PDSCH4 is NACK.
  • the network device When the network device determines that the start time g of the x+1th downlink data transmission process is within the time window D, the network device sends PDSCH#1-PDSCH#4 according to the received reference time k. In response to the response, maintain the contention time window value. Since the proportion of PDSCHs receiving NACK in the 4 PDSCHs is 25%, which does not exceed the preset 80%, and the proportion of PDSCHs receiving ACKs in the 4 PDSCHs is 0%, which does not exceed the preset 20%, Therefore, the network device does not adjust the contention window value CW0, that is, maintains the current contention window value CW0 unchanged.
  • the network device determines that the start time g of the x+1th downlink data transmission process ends in the time window D, then the network device sends PDSCH#1-PDSCH# according to the received reference time k.
  • the response in 4 maintains the contention time window value. Since the proportion of the PDSCHs that have not received ACKs in the 4 PDSCHs is 100%, reaching the preset 80%, the communication device increases the contention window value on the basis of the current contention window value CW0, that is, the contention window Adjust the value to CW1, where CW1>CW0.
  • Example 4 The scenario is the same as the above example 2, and will not be repeated here.
  • the network device determines the start time g of the x+1th downlink data transmission process according to the resource configuration of the PDSCH.
  • the network device When the start time g of the x+1th downlink data transmission process is within the time window D, the network device maintains the value of the contention window by the following method (corresponding to the use of the first in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 The third implementation of the rules):
  • the The network device increases the contention window value based on the current contention window value CWp.
  • the network device does not adjust the contention window value CWp, that is, maintains the current contention window value CWp unchanged.
  • the network device adjusts the contention window value CWp to the minimum contention window CWmin,p.
  • the sum of the first threshold and the second threshold is equal to 1.
  • the network device After the start time g of the x+1th downlink data transmission ends in the time window D, the network device maintains the contention window through the following method in Example 2. For the specific process, please refer to Example 2. Repeat it again.
  • the first threshold is 90%
  • the second threshold is 10%
  • the third threshold is 80%
  • the fourth threshold is 20%.
  • the network device When the network device determines that the start time g of the x+1th downlink data transmission process is within the time window D, the network device sends PDSCH#1-PDSCH#4 according to the received reference time k. In response to the response, maintain the contention time window value.
  • the network device receives the ACK of PDSCH#1 and the NACK of PDSCH#5, that is, the network device receives two effective response responses of the PDSCH; the proportion of the PDSCH receiving the ACK to the two PDSCHs is 50%, exceeding the second threshold, the proportion of PDSCHs receiving NACK in the 2 PDSCHs is 50%, which does not exceed the first threshold, therefore, the network device adjusts the contention window value CW0 to the minimum contention window CWmin ,p.
  • the network device determines that the start time g of the x+1th downlink data transmission process is outside the time window D, the network device sends PDSCH#1-PDSCH#5 according to the received reference time k In response to the response, maintain the contention time window value, and the communication device increases the contention window value on the basis of the current contention window value CW0, that is, adjusts the contention window value to CW1, where CW1>CW0.
  • the network device determines that the start time g of the x+1th downlink data transmission process is outside the time window D
  • the network device sends PDSCH#1-PDSCH#5 according to the received reference time k
  • the communication device increases the contention window value on the basis of the current contention window value CW0, that is, adjusts the contention window value to CW1, where CW1>CW0.
  • Example 5 The scenario is the same as the above example 2, and will not be repeated here.
  • the network device determines the start time g of the x+1th downlink data transmission process according to the resource configuration of the PDSCH.
  • the network device When the start time g of the x+1th downlink data transmission process is within the time window D, the network device maintains the value of the contention window by the following method (corresponding to the use of the first in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 The fourth implementation of the rule):
  • the network device If the proportion of PDSCHs with DTX detected in N PDSCHs exceeds the first threshold, or the proportion of PDSCHs with received ACK and NACK does not exceed the second threshold, the network device is in the current contention window The value of the competition window is increased on the basis of the value CWp.
  • the contention window value CWp of the network device is adjusted to the minimum contention window CWmin,p.
  • the sum of the first threshold and the second threshold is equal to 1.
  • the network device maintains the contention window value by the following method (corresponding to the use of the first time in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 The second implementation of the second rule):
  • the network device If the proportion of PDSCHs with DTX detected in N PDSCHs exceeds the third threshold, or the proportion of PDSCHs with ACKs and NACKs does not exceed the fourth threshold, the network device is in the current contention window The value of the competition window is increased on the basis of the value CWp.
  • the contention window value CWp of the network device is adjusted to the minimum contention window CWmin,p.
  • the sum of the third threshold and the fourth threshold is equal to 1.
  • the two methods of maintaining the competition window within and after the time window D have the same principle. It should also be noted that this example does not limit the size relationship between the first threshold and the third threshold.
  • the first threshold may be greater than, less than or equal to the third threshold.
  • the second threshold may be greater than, Less than or equal to the fourth threshold.
  • the first threshold may be set to be greater than the third threshold, for example, the first threshold is 90%, and the third threshold is 80%.
  • the conditions for increasing the value of the contention window can be made more stringent, thereby reducing the probability of increasing the value of the contention window, thereby ensuring the channel access of the communication device
  • the speed ultimately guarantees the channel access fairness of the communication device.
  • Example 6 The scenario is the same as the above example 2, and will not be repeated here.
  • the terminal device in the case that the communication system supports multiple feedback of response responses, the terminal device has multiple response response feedback opportunities, for example, as shown in FIG. 6.
  • the network device After the network device sends PDSCH#1-PDSCH4 within the reference time, there are two opportunities to receive the response response feedback within the time window D. In the first response response opportunity, the network device did not receive the PUCCH#1-PDSCH#3 response response, and received the PDSCH#4 NACK; in the second response response opportunity, the network device The ACK of PUCCH#1 and PDSCH#2 is received, but the response response of PDSCH#3 is not received.
  • the network device When the network device determines that the start time g of the x+1th downlink data transmission process ends in the time window D, the network device responds according to the response in the PDSCH#1-PDSCH#4 received last time, Maintain the contention time window value. For example, when the network device adopts the first implementation manner corresponding to the second rule in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, since the response response of PDSCH#1 and PDSCH#2 is ACK, the response response of PDSCH#3 It is DTX, and the response response of PDSCH#4 is NACK. Among the 4 PDSCHs, the proportion of PDSCHs that have not received ACK is 50%, which does not reach the preset 80%. Therefore, the communication device adjusts the contention window value It is the minimum value of the competition window CWmin,p.
  • Example 7 The scene is the same as the above example 2, and will not be repeated here.
  • the network device may be triggered by the data transmission process to be executed to continuously maintain the value of the competition window, for example, as shown in FIG. 7A-7C.
  • the network device determines the reference time k1 in the first downlink data transmission process, and determines the time window D1 corresponding to the reference time k1. According to the resource configuration of the PDSCH, the network device determines that the start time of the second downlink data transmission process is within the time window D1, and the network device responds according to the response of PDSCH#1-PDSCH#4 received within the time window D1 , Use the first rule (as corresponding to the second implementation of the first rule in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2) to maintain the competition window value.
  • the network device Since the proportion of PDSCHs that receive ACK in the 4 PDSCHs does not exceed the set threshold of 20%, and the proportion of PDSCHs that receive NACKs in the 4 PDSCHs does not exceed 80%, the network device Keep the current competition window value CW0 unchanged.
  • the contention window value actually used by the network device in the second downlink data transmission process is CW0.
  • the network device may also notify the terminal device that it needs to feed back a response response for PDSCH#1 to PDSCH#3 while transmitting the PDSCH. Therefore, after the end of the second downlink data transmission process, the terminal device will feedback the response response again for PDSCH#1 to PDSCH#3 and the response response for the data sent in the second data transmission process.
  • the network equipment receives PDSCH#1 to PDSCH#3 in response to NACK.
  • the network device reuses the first rule (as corresponding to the second implementation of the first rule in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2) to maintain the competition window value. Since 100% of the PDSCH received NACK in PDSCH PDSCH#1 ⁇ PDSCH#4 exceed the set threshold of 80%, this explains the contention that should be used in the second downlink data transmission under the current network transmission situation
  • the window value should increase the competition window value on the basis of CW0, namely CW1.
  • the network device may determine that the current contention window value should be CW1.
  • the network device determines the reference time k2 during the second data transmission process for the third data transmission to be performed, and determines the time window D2 corresponding to the reference time k2.
  • the network device determines that the start time of the third downlink data transmission process is within the time window D2 according to the resource configuration of the PDSCH, and the network device determines according to the PDSCH#5 and PDSCH #5 and The response response of PDSCH#6 continues to use the first rule (for example, corresponding to the second implementation of the first rule in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2) to maintain the competition window value.
  • the response response of PDSCH#5 is ACK
  • the response response of PDSCH#6 is DTX. Since 50% of the PDSCHs receiving ACKs in the two PDSCHs account for more than 20%, the network device needs to adjust the contention window value to the minimum contention window CWmin,p.
  • the contention window value used by the network device in the third downlink data transmission process is CWmin,p, as shown in the figure.
  • the network device determines that the start time of the third downlink data transmission process is within the time window D2 according to the resource configuration of the PDSCH, and the network device determines according to the PDSCH#5 and PDSCH #5 and The response response of PDSCH#6 continues to use the first rule (for example, corresponding to the second implementation of the first rule in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2) to maintain the competition window value.
  • the response response of PDSCH#5 is ACK
  • the response response of PDSCH#6 is DTX.
  • the proportion of 0% of the PDSCHs that receive NACK in the two PDSCHs does not exceed the preset 80%, and the two PDSCHs are received The proportion of ACK PDSCH 0% does not exceed the preset 20%. Therefore, the network device keeps the current contention window value CW1 unchanged.
  • the contention window value used by the network device in the third downlink data transmission process is CW1, as shown in the figure.
  • the network equipment receives PDSCH#1 to PDSCH#3 and the response responses are all ACKs.
  • the network device reuses the first rule (as corresponding to the second implementation of the first rule in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2) to maintain the competition window value. Since 750% of the PDSCH received ACK in PDSCH PDSCH#1 ⁇ PDSCH#4 exceed the set threshold of 20%, this explains the contention that should be used in the second downlink data transmission under the current network transmission situation
  • the window value should be the minimum value of the competition window CWmin,p.
  • the network device may determine that the current contention window value should be CWmin,p.
  • the network device determines the reference time k2 during the second data transmission process for the third data transmission to be performed, and determines the time window D2 corresponding to the reference time k2.
  • the network device determines the start time of the third downlink data transmission process according to the PDSCH resource configuration after the time window D2 ends, and the network device according to the PDSCH# received in the time window D2 5 and PDSCH#6's response response, continue to use the second rule (for example, corresponding to the first implementation of using the second rule in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2) to maintain the competition window value.
  • the response response of PDSCH#5 and the response response of PDSCH#6 are both DTX.
  • the competition window value is increased on the basis of the competition window value CWmin,p, and the increased competition window value is CW2.
  • the contention window value used by the network device in the third downlink data transmission process is CW2, as shown in the figure.
  • Example 8 The scenario is the same as the above example 2, and will not be repeated here.
  • the network device may trigger an update of the maintenance competition window value based on the end of the time window.
  • the network device continuously maintains the value of the competition window by determining the reference time and the time window corresponding to the reference time multiple times, refer to FIG. 8 for the specific process.
  • the network device When the network device starts the first downlink data transmission process, it starts the first counter timer1 (initialized to 0, or D1). The network device determines a reference time k1 during the first downlink data transmission process, wherein the network device sends PDSCH#1-PDSCH#4 within the reference time k1.
  • the value of the contention window saved by the network device is CW0, and it continues until the time when the response response (PUCCH#1 ⁇ PUCCH#4) of PDSCH#1-PDSCH#4 is expected to be received ( seg#1).
  • the network device Since the PUCCH#1 ⁇ PUCCH#3 received by the network device are DTX, PUCCH#4 is NACK, and the first counter has not yet reached D1 or 0, the network device does not change the current contention window value (maintain CW0) until timer1 reaches Time window boundary (increases to D1, or decreases to 0) (seg#2).
  • the contention window value currently maintained by the network device is CW0, so the contention window value used in the second downlink data transmission process is CW0.
  • the network device starts the second counter timer2 (initialized to 0, or D2) when the second downlink data transmission process is started. Since the value of the contention window has not changed in the time window D1, and the response response corresponding to the PDSCH in the reference time k1 is not received again, starting from the boundary of the time window D1 (seg#3), the network device according to the PDSCH
  • the response response of #1-PDSCH#4 uses the first rule (for example, the second implementation of the first rule in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2) to adjust the contention window value on the basis of the current contention window CW0 It is the next high value CW1.
  • the network device When the network device detects that PUCCH#5 and PUCCH#6 are DTX, since the second counter timer2 corresponding to the reference time k2 has not expired, the network device continues to maintain the contention window value of CW1 in seg#5 .
  • timer2 expires (seg#6), since the PDSCH response response within the reference time k2 is not received, the network device can use the second rule (for example, according to the response response of PDSCH#5 and PDSCHA#6) that has been received.
  • the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 (the first implementation of China using the second rule) adjusts the competition window value from CW1 to the next higher value CW2.
  • the network device uses the contention window value CW2 to perform LBT.
  • This application also provides another method for maintaining a competition window.
  • This method can be applied to the communication system shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B.
  • the communication device involved in the method can support the use of unlicensed spectrum in the communication system.
  • the embodiments of the present application are applicable to scenarios where the communication device supports multiple feedback of the response response.
  • the process of this method includes:
  • the communication device determines the reference time, where the communication device has sent N pieces of reference data within the first reference time, where N is an integer greater than 0;
  • the communication device receives the response response of any one of the first reference data at least once after the reference time;
  • the communication device maintains the contention window value according to the response response of each reference data received last time.
  • the communication device can use multiple implementation manners to maintain the competition window value. For details, refer to the four implementation manners in the first rule and the corresponding second rule in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 The two implementation manners are not repeated here.
  • the communication device Since the response response of each reference data received the last time can more accurately reflect the current network transmission status, the communication device maintains the value of the competition window according to the response response of each reference data received the last time, which can improve the determination.
  • the accuracy of the contention window value can reduce the channel access delay of communication devices while ensuring the fairness of channel access, and reduce the probability of data transmission collision caused by different communication devices selecting the same contention window.
  • This application also provides another method for maintaining a competition window, which can be applied to the communication system shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B, and the communication device involved in the method can support the use of unlicensed spectrum in the communication system.
  • Network equipment or terminal equipment that uses the LBT mechanism for channel competition. The specific process of this method includes:
  • the communication device determines the reference time, where the communication device has sent N pieces of reference data within the first reference time, where N is an integer greater than 0;
  • the The communication device increases the value of the competition window on the basis of the value of the current competition window
  • the communication device adjusts the contention window value to the minimum value of the contention window
  • the first target reference data is reference data that the communication device receives an ACK
  • the second target reference data is reference data that the communication device does not receive an ACK
  • the second target reference data is The communication device receives NACK and DTX reference data.
  • the sum of the first threshold and the second threshold is equal to 1.
  • the communication device Since the communication device maintains the contention window value after receiving the response response of the N reference data, there are many response responses that the communication device did not receive due to the failure of the LBT at the receiving end or other conditions. Then, when the communication device does not receive the ACK of some reference data, it may erroneously count these reference data as reference data for transmission failure, resulting in an incorrect adjustment under the condition that the value of the competition window should be adjusted to the minimum value of the competition window. In order to increase the value of the contention window, the channel access delay of the communication device is increased, and the channel access fairness of the communication device is ultimately affected.
  • the second threshold is set higher (for example, 90%) compared to the failure threshold (for example, 80%) in the traditional maintenance method.
  • this method can make the conditions for increasing the value of the contention window more stringent, thereby reducing the probability that the communication device will increase the value of the contention window due to the ACK response time delay, thereby ensuring the channel access speed of the communication device.
  • the channel access fairness of the communication device is guaranteed.
  • This application also provides another method for maintaining a competition window, which can be applied to the communication system shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B, and the communication device involved in the method can support the use of unlicensed spectrum in the communication system.
  • Network equipment or terminal equipment that uses the LBT mechanism for channel competition. Since in the traditional competition window maintenance method, the received DTX reference data is counted as the reference data that has failed to receive, the error caused by such statistics will further lead to the error of the determined competition window value, so the method provided in the embodiment of the present application , The communication device no longer counts the received DTX reference data as reference data that has failed to receive.
  • the communication device may maintain the competition window value through the following process:
  • the communication device determines the reference time, where the communication device has sent N pieces of reference data within the first reference time, where N is an integer greater than 0;
  • the communication device adjusts the contention window value to the minimum value of the contention window
  • the communication device increases the contention window value on the basis of the current contention window value
  • the communication device does not adjust the contention window value
  • the first target reference data is reference data that the communication device receives an ACK
  • the second target reference data is reference data that the communication device receives a failure response NACK.
  • the sum of the first threshold and the second threshold is equal to 1.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific values of the above first threshold and second threshold.
  • the first threshold may be set to 20%
  • the second threshold may be set to 80%.
  • the communication device Since the communication device maintains the contention window value after receiving the response response of the N reference data, there are many response responses that the communication device did not receive due to the failure of the LBT at the receiving end or other conditions. Then the response that the communication device did not receive may be ACK or NACK.
  • the communication device when the communication device maintains the value of the contention window, it only considers the reference data of the received ACK and NACK, and no longer counts the reference data of the received DTX. In this way, it is possible to avoid unreceived data due to delay.
  • the ACK to the reference data is used to count the error of the first reference data to the reference data of the received DTX.
  • the conditions for increasing the value of the contention window are more stringent, thereby reducing the probability of increasing the value of the contention window, ensuring the channel access speed of the communication device, and ultimately ensuring the channel access fairness of the communication device.
  • the second threshold is the same as or similar to the failure threshold (for example, 80%) in the prior art
  • the first threshold is the same or similar to the success threshold (for example, 20%) in the prior art. Therefore, This implementation manner can ensure that the conditions for adjusting the contention window value to the minimum value are not relaxed, thereby not increasing the probability of adjusting the contention window value to the minimum value, thereby reducing the data transmission collision caused by the reduction of the contention window value of the communication device. Probability.
  • the communication device may maintain the contention window. The value remains unchanged. In this way, the channel access speed of the communication device can be guaranteed, and the probability of data transmission collision caused by the reduction of the contention window value of the communication device can also be reduced.
  • the communication device may maintain the competition window value through the following process:
  • the communication device determines the reference time, where the communication device has sent N pieces of reference data within the first reference time, where N is an integer greater than 0;
  • the communication device does not adjust the contention window value
  • the communication device adjusts the competition window value through the following steps:
  • the communication device increases the value of the contention window on the basis of the value of the current contention window
  • the communication device adjusts the contention window value to the minimum value of the contention window
  • the first target reference data is the reference data of receiving ACK and the reference data of receiving NACK by the communication device
  • the second target reference data is the reference data of receiving ACK by the communication device
  • the first The three-target reference data is the reference data of the NACK received by the communication device.
  • the sum of the second threshold and the third threshold is equal to 1.
  • the second threshold may be set to 20%
  • the third threshold may be set to 80%.
  • the communication device Since the communication device maintains the contention window value after receiving the response response of the N reference data, there are many response responses that the communication device does not receive due to the failure of the LBT at the receiving end or other conditions.
  • the number of reference data of the response response received by the communication device that is, the first target reference data
  • the proportion of the reference data of the received ACK in the N reference data is small, and if the communication The device still maintains the value of the contention window according to the traditional method, then the communication device will increase the value of the contention window with a greater probability, thereby increasing the channel access delay of the communication device, and finally affecting the channel of the communication device Access fairness.
  • the communication device is based on the following two ratios that better reflect the actual distribution of ACKs and NACKs: the ratio of the reference data receiving ACK to the reference data receiving ACK and NACK, and the ratio of receiving NACK
  • the ratio of reference data in the first reference data receiving ACK and NACK is used to determine whether to increase the contention window value or adjust the contention window value to the minimum value of the contention window, so that the determined contention window value can be increased Accuracy. Therefore, this implementation manner can not only ensure the channel access speed of the communication device, but also reduce the probability of data transmission collision caused by the reduction of the contention window value of the communication device.
  • the channel access speed can also reduce the probability of data transmission collision caused by the reduction of the contention window value of the communication device, and the communication device can maintain the contention window value unchanged in this case.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific value of the above first threshold.
  • the fifth threshold may be set to a lower value, such as 0%, 1%, etc.
  • the communication device may maintain the competition window value through the following process:
  • the communication device determines a reference time, where the communication device has sent N pieces of reference data within the first reference time;
  • the The communication device increases the value of the competition window on the basis of the value of the current competition window
  • the communication device adjusts the contention window value to the minimum value of the contention window
  • the first target reference data is reference data that the communication device receives ACK and reference data that the communication device receives NACK
  • the second target reference data is the N pieces of reference data that the communication device has not received
  • the reference data of ACK and NACK, that is, the second target reference data is the reference data of the DTX detected by the communication device.
  • the sum of the first threshold and the second threshold is equal to 1.
  • the first threshold may be set to 20%, and the second threshold may be set to 80%.
  • the communication device Since the communication device maintains the contention window value after receiving the response response of the N reference data, the communication device does not receive more response responses due to delay or LBT failure at the receiving end, so The failure of the communication device to receive a response may be caused by data transmission collisions. Therefore, when the number of reference data for the response response (ACK and NACK) received by the communication device is small, it means that the number of reference data for which a valid response response (or DTX is received) is not received is large, then data appears The probability of transmission collision is relatively high. Therefore, the communication device can increase the value of the contention window to reduce the probability of transmission collision in the subsequent data transmission process.
  • the communication device can adjust the value of the contention window to the minimum value of the contention window, which can increase the channel access speed of the communication device.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device.
  • the structure of the device is shown in FIG. 9 and includes a communication unit 901 and a processing unit 902.
  • the communication device 900 may be a network device or a terminal device that supports the use of unlicensed spectrum and uses the LBT mechanism for channel competition, and may implement the competition window maintenance method in the above embodiment.
  • the terminal device and the network device may be applicable to the communication system as shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B.
  • each unit is as follows:
  • the communication unit 901 is used to receive and send data
  • the processing unit 902 is configured to determine a first reference time, wherein the communication unit 901 has sent N pieces of first reference data within the first reference time, where N is an integer greater than 0; and at the first time In the window, according to the response response of the N first reference data, the first rule is used to maintain the value of the competition window; after the first time window, according to the response response of the N first reference data, the second rule is used to maintain The value of the competition window.
  • processing unit 902 is specifically configured to use the first rule to maintain the competition window value according to the response response of the N first reference data within the first time window:
  • the first target reference data is the first reference data that the communication unit 901 receives the successful response ACK
  • the second target reference data is the first reference data that the communication unit 901 does not receive the ACK
  • processing unit 902 is specifically configured to use the first rule to maintain the competition window value according to the response response of the N first reference data within the first time window:
  • the first target reference data is the first reference data that the communication unit 901 receives the ACK
  • the third target reference data is the first reference data that the communication unit 901 receives the failure response NACK.
  • processing unit 902 is specifically configured to use the first rule to maintain the competition window value according to the response response of the N first reference data within the first time window:
  • the competition window value is adjusted through the following steps:
  • the fourth target reference data is the first reference data that the communication unit 901 receives the ACK and the first reference data that the NACK is received
  • the first target reference data is the first reference data that the communication unit 901 receives the ACK.
  • the first reference data, and the third target reference data is the first reference data for which the communication unit 901 receives NACK.
  • processing unit 902 is specifically configured to use the first rule to maintain the competition window value according to the response response of the N first reference data within the first time window:
  • the fourth target reference data is the first reference data for receiving ACK and the first reference data for receiving NACK by the communication unit 901
  • the fifth target reference data is among the N pieces of first reference data.
  • the communication unit 901 does not receive the first reference data of ACK and NACK.
  • the processing unit 902 uses the second rule to maintain the value of the competition window according to the response response of the N first reference data, which is specifically used to:
  • the second rule is used to maintain the contention window value according to the response response of the N first reference data
  • a second rule is used to maintain the value of the competition window according to the response responses of the N first reference data.
  • processing unit 902 uses the second rule to maintain the value of the competition window according to the response response of the N first reference data, it is specifically configured to:
  • the first target reference data is the first reference data that the communication unit 901 receives the successful response ACK
  • the second target reference data is the first reference data that the communication unit 901 does not receive the ACK
  • processing unit 902 uses the second rule to maintain the value of the competition window according to the response response of the N first reference data, it is specifically configured to:
  • the fourth target reference data is the first reference data for receiving ACK and the first reference data for receiving NACK by the communication unit 901
  • the fifth target reference data is among the N pieces of first reference data.
  • the communication unit 901 does not receive the first reference data of ACK and NACK.
  • the processing unit 902 is specifically configured to: receive a response response to any one of the first reference data at least once through the communication unit 901, and to respond to the response response of the first reference data received last time As the final response of the first reference data.
  • the start time of the first time window is before or after the first reference time, wherein when the start time of the first time window is before the first reference time , The end time of the first time window is after the first reference time; or
  • the start time of the first time window is after the data transmission process where the first reference time is located;
  • the start time of the first time window is before or after the preset target time domain resource, where the target time domain resource is the earliest used in the preset response response for transmitting the N first reference data Time domain resources.
  • the size of the first time window may be preset, or agreed upon by the communication device and the receiving end, or configured by the communication device to the receiving end, or equal to the The maximum time for the receiving end to wait for the resource of the communication device to schedule a response response.
  • the first time window is maintained by a timer.
  • the first reference time is in the L-th data transmission process, and the first time window corresponds to the first reference time, where L is an integer greater than 0; the processing unit 902 is also used to:
  • the communication unit 901 receives at least one KY-th reference data response, where the KY-th reference data is reference data that has been sent within the KY-th reference time, and the KY-th reference data
  • the reference time is in the L+KY-th transmission process, and Y is an integer greater than 0 and less than K;
  • the value of the contention window that should be used in the L+K-Y+1 data transmission process is re-determined ;
  • determine the contention window that should be used in the next data transmission process Numerical value; repeat the above steps until the contention window value that should be used in the L+Kth data transmission process is determined;
  • the first rule is used to maintain the competition window value
  • the second rule is used to maintain the contention window value.
  • each unit when the communication device implements another method for maintaining a competition window, the functions of each unit are as follows:
  • the communication unit 901 is used to receive and send data
  • the processing unit 902 is configured to determine a reference time, wherein the communication unit 901 has sent N reference data within the first reference time, where N is an integer greater than 0; after the reference time, at least one reception The response response of any first reference data; the value of the competition window is maintained according to the response response of each reference data received last time.
  • each unit is configured to receive and send data;
  • the processing unit 902 is configured to determine a reference time, where the communication unit 901 has sent N reference data within the first reference time, where N is an integer greater than 0; when the first reference data is When the proportion of a target reference data exceeds the first threshold, the competition window value is adjusted to the minimum value of the competition window; when the proportion of the second target reference data in the N reference data exceeds the second threshold, Increase the value of the competition window on the basis of the value of the current competition window; when the proportion of the first target reference data in the N reference data does not exceed the first threshold, and in the N reference data When the proportion of the second target reference data does not exceed the second threshold, the competition window value is not adjusted;
  • the first target reference data is the reference data of the ACK received by the communication unit 901
  • the second target reference data is the reference data of the failure response NACK received by the communication unit 901.
  • each unit when the communication device implements another method for maintaining a competition window, the functions of each unit are as follows: a communication unit 901, for receiving and sending data;
  • the processing unit 902 is configured to determine a reference time, where the communication unit 901 has sent N reference data within the first reference time, where N is an integer greater than 0; when the first reference data is When the proportion of a target reference data does not exceed the first threshold, the competition window value is not adjusted; when the proportion of the first target reference data in the N reference data exceeds the first threshold , Adjust the competition window value through the following steps:
  • the first target reference data is the reference data of the ACK received by the communication unit 901 and the reference data of the NACK received
  • the second target reference data is the reference data of the ACK received by the communication unit 901.
  • the third target reference data is the reference data of the NACK received by the communication unit 901.
  • each unit is configured to receive and send data;
  • the processing unit 902 is configured to determine a reference time, where the communication unit 901 has sent N reference data within the first reference time; when the proportion of the first target reference data in the N reference data When the first threshold is not exceeded, or the proportion of the second target reference data in the N reference data exceeds the second threshold, the competition window value is increased on the basis of the current competition window value; when The proportion of the first target reference data in the N reference data exceeds the first threshold, or the proportion of the second target reference data in the N reference data does not exceed the second threshold Adjust the value of the competition window to the minimum value of the competition window;
  • the first target reference data is the reference data of the ACK received by the communication unit 901 and the reference data of the NACK received
  • the second target reference data is the reference data of the communication unit 901 in the N pieces of reference data.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of this application It can be integrated in one processing unit, or it can exist alone physically, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.
  • the above-mentioned integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional unit.
  • the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of this application essentially or the part that contributes to the existing technology or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium , Including a number of instructions to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) or a processor (processor) execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program code .
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a communication device.
  • the communication device can be a network device or terminal device that supports the use of unlicensed spectrum and uses the LBT mechanism for channel competition, and can implement the above embodiments. Competitive window maintenance method.
  • the terminal device and the network device may be applicable to the communication system as shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B.
  • the communication device 1000 includes a transceiver 1001 and a processor 1002.
  • the communication device 1000 further includes a memory 1003.
  • the transceiver 1001, the processor 1002, and the memory 1003 are connected to each other.
  • the transceiver 1001, the processor 1002, and the memory 1003 are connected to each other through a bus 1004.
  • the bus 1004 may be a peripheral component interconnect standard (PCI) bus or an extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus, etc.
  • PCI peripheral component interconnect standard
  • EISA extended industry standard architecture
  • the bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. For ease of representation, only one thick line is used to represent in FIG. 10, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.
  • the transceiver 1001 is used for receiving and sending data, and realizes communication with other devices in the communication system.
  • the transceiver 1001 may be implemented by a radio frequency device and an antenna.
  • the processor 1002 is configured to implement the function of the communication device in the competition window maintenance method provided in the above embodiment. For details, please refer to the description in the above embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
  • the processor 1002 may be a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), or a combination of CPU and NP, and so on.
  • the processor 1302 may further include a hardware chip.
  • the aforementioned hardware chip may be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD) or a combination thereof.
  • the aforementioned PLD may be a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a general array logic (generic array logic, GAL), or any combination thereof.
  • CPLD complex programmable logic device
  • FPGA field-programmable gate array
  • GAL general array logic
  • the memory 1003 is used to store program instructions and the like.
  • the program instructions may include program code, and the program code includes computer operation instructions.
  • the memory 1003 may include random access memory (RAM), and may also include non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as at least one disk memory.
  • the processor 1002 executes the program instructions stored in the memory 1003 to realize the above-mentioned functions, thereby realizing the competition window maintenance method provided by the above-mentioned embodiment.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program, which when the computer program runs on a computer, causes the computer to execute the competition window maintenance method provided by the above embodiments.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a computer storage medium in which a computer program is stored.
  • the computer program executes the competition window maintenance method provided in the above embodiment.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a chip, which is used to read a computer program stored in a memory to implement the competition window maintenance method provided in the above embodiment.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a chip system including a processor, which is used to support a computer device to implement the functions involved in the communication device in the above embodiment.
  • the chip system further includes a memory, and the memory is used to store necessary programs and data of the computer device.
  • the chip system can be composed of chips, or include chips and other discrete devices.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a method and device for adjusting a competition window.
  • the communication device can use the first rule to maintain the size of the contention window within the time window.
  • the communication device sets a certain buffer time (ie, time window) for receiving the response response.
  • the communication device uses a first rule different from the prior art to maintain the value of the competition window, thereby improving the maintenance of the communication device.
  • the flexibility of the competition window value and the accuracy of determining the competition window value is improved.
  • the communication device does not receive fewer response responses due to the delay in the buffering time.
  • this method can improve the accuracy of communication equipment in determining the contention window. Therefore, this method can reduce the channel access delay of communication equipment under the condition of ensuring channel access fairness, and reduce the delay due to different communication equipment choosing the same The probability of data transmission collision caused by the contention window.
  • the embodiments of the present application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application may adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, this application may adopt the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program codes.
  • a computer-usable storage media including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.
  • These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can guide a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including the instruction device.
  • the device implements the functions specified in one process or multiple processes in the flowchart and/or one block or multiple blocks in the block diagram.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded on a computer or other programmable data processing equipment, so that a series of operation steps are executed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce computer-implemented processing, so as to execute on the computer or other programmable equipment.
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing functions specified in a flow or multiple flows in the flowchart and/or a block or multiple blocks in the block diagram.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种竞争窗口维护方法及设备，在该方法中，通信设备可以在时间窗口内使用第一规则维护竞争窗口的大小。通过该方法可以提高通信设备维护竞争窗口数值的灵活性和确定所述竞争窗口数值的准确性，进而可以在保证信道接入公平的情况下，降低通信设备的信道接入时延，以及降低由于不同通信设备选择相同的竞争窗口导致的数据传输碰撞的概率。

Description

一种竞争窗口维护方法及设备
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2019年08月16日提交中国专利局、申请号为201910760963.4、申请名称为“一种竞争窗口维护方法及设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种竞争窗口维护方法及设备。
背景技术
无线通信技术的飞速发展，导致频谱资源日益紧缺，促进了对于非授权频段的探索。第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd generation partnership project，3GPP)分别在版本13(Release-13，R-13)和R-14中引入了授权频谱辅助接入(license assisted access，LAA)和增强的授权频谱辅助接入(enhanced LAA，eLAA)技术，即在非授权频谱上非独立(Non-standalone)的部署通信系统，该通信系统可以通过授权频谱的辅助来最大化利用非授权频谱资源。
在非授权频谱上部署的通信系统通常采用竞争的方式来使用/共享无线资源。通信设备间采用相同或相近的原则来公平的竞争和使用非授权频谱资源。一般地，通信设备在发送信号之前首先会监听非授权频谱(即信道)是否空闲，当监听到非授权频谱处于空闲状态时，可以在所述非授权频谱上发送信号，否则不发送信号。这种先监听后发送的机制被称作先监听后发送(listen before talk，LBT)机制。
LBT机制的主要思想为：当通信设备需要发送数据前，需要执行一个竞争过程(又称为随机退避过程)。该竞争过程为：
S1：通信设备在竞争窗口数值(contention window，CW)构成的区间(0,CW]内随机选择一个竞争次数n(又称为随机退避次数)，并将竞争次数计数器初始化为n；其中，所述竞争次数n用于表征所述通信设备的随机退避的时长。
S2：在竞争窗口内，当所述竞争次数计数器大于0时，所述通信设备将所述竞争次数计数器减1，并在下一个观察时隙内检测信道的状态；当所述竞争次数计数器等于0时，执行S5。
S3：当检测到信道空闲时，所述通信系统继续执行S2。
S4：当检测到信道忙时，停止所述竞争次数计数器的计数，并在延迟时间内检测信道的状态，当在所述延迟时间内连续检测到信道空闲后，启动所述竞争次数计数器的计数，继续执行S2。
S5：所述通信设备在信道上发送数据。
当通信系统中多个通信设备在LBT时选择相同的随机数时，该多个通信设备可能在同一时刻LBT结束，并同时发送数据，这就导致该多个通信设备的数据传输发生碰撞，进而造成相互干扰，最终导致数据传输失败。为了避免发生数据传输碰撞的现象，目前的标准只能规定，通信设备可以接收端反馈的应答响应，确定数据的发送情况，从而调整下一次LBT所使用的竞争窗口数值CW。
例如，当所述通信设备确定当前数据发送成功的比例达到第一阈值时，保持当前的CW，或者减小CW；当确定当前数据发送失败的比例达到第二阈值时，增大CW。
然而，由于多种原因通信设备可能无法及时接收到接收端反馈的应答响应，例如接收端需要时间进行LBT竞争信道发送应答响应。因此，通信设备通过上述方法根据接收端反馈的应答响应确定的数据的发送情况并不准确，即通信设备确定的发送情况无法准确地体现当前的数据传输是否发生碰撞。
发明内容
本申请提供一种竞争窗口维护方法及设备，用于在保证信道接入公平的情况下，降低信道接入时延，以及降低由于不同通信设备选择相同的竞争窗口导致的数据传输碰撞的概率。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种竞争窗口维护方法，该方法可以适用于支持使用非授权频谱的采用LBT机制进行信道竞争的网络设备或终端设备(以下统称为通信设备)中。该方法可以包括以下步骤：
通信设备确定第一参考时间，其中，所述通信设备在所述第一参考时间内已发送N个第一参考数据，所述N为大于0的整数；所述通信设备在第一时间窗口内，根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第一规则维护竞争窗口数值。
该方法中，所述通信设备为接收应答响应设置一定的缓冲时间(即时间窗口)，在该缓冲时间内，通信设备采用与现有技术不同的第一规则维护竞争窗口数值，从而可以提高通信设备维护竞争窗口数值的灵活性，和确定所述竞争窗口数值的准确性。因此，该方法可以在保证信道接入公平的情况下，降低通信设备的信道接入时延，以及降低由于不同通信设备选择相同的竞争窗口导致的数据传输碰撞的概率。
在一个可能的设计中，所述方法还包括：所述通信设备在第一时间窗口之后，根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第二规则维护竞争窗口数值。在第一时间窗口时间结束后，通信设备未接收到的应答响数量较多，这些应答响应可以一定程度反映当前的数据传输环境，因此可以提高所述通信设备采用第二规则维护竞争窗口数值时，确定所述竞争窗口数值的准确性。
在一个可能的设计中，所述通信设备可以通过以下步骤，使用第一规则维护所述竞争窗口数值：当在所述N个第一参考数据中第一目标参考数据所占的比例不超过第一阈值，或者在所述N个第一参考数据中第二目标参考数据所占的比例超过第二阈值时，所述通信设备在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值；当在所述N个第一参考数据中第一目标参考数据所占的比例超过所述第一阈值，或者在所述N个第一参考数据中所述第二目标参考数据所占的比例不超过所述第二阈值时，所述通信设备调整所述竞争窗口数值为竞争窗口最小值；其中，所述第一目标参考数据为所述通信设备接收到成功应答响应ACK的第一参考数据，所述第二目标参考数据为所述通信设备未接收到ACK的第一参考数据。
可选的，在该设计中，所述第一阈值与所述第二阈值的和等于1。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例并不对以上第一阈值和第二阈值的具体取值进行限定。
由于在所述第一时间窗口内维护所述竞争窗口数值，那么由接收端LBT失败或是其他情况导致所述通信设备未收到的应答响应较多，那么所述通信设备在未接收到一些第一参 考数据的ACK时，可能将这些第一参考数据错误统计为传输失败的第一参考数据，导致在原本应该将竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值的条件下，错误调整为增大所述竞争窗口数值，进而增加了通信设备的信道接入时延，最终影响了所述通信设备的信道接入公平性。
在本实施方式的一个示例中，为了解决以上问题，相对于传统的维护方法中的失败阈值(例如80％)，所述第二阈值设置较高(例如90％)。这样，该方法可以让增大竞争窗口数值的条件更严苛，从而降低由于ACK应答响应时延导致所述通信设备增大竞争窗口数值的概率，进而保证所述通信设备的信道接入速度，最终保证所述通信设备的信道接入公平性。
在一个可能的设计中，所述通信设备可以通过以下步骤，使用第一规则维护所述竞争窗口数值：当在所述N个第一参考数据中第一目标参考数据所占的比例超过第三阈值时，所述通信设备将所述竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值；当在所述N个第一参考数据中第三目标参考数据所占的比例超过第四阈值时，所述通信设备在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值；当在所述N个第一参考数据中第一目标参考数据所占的比例不超过所述第三阈值，且在所述N个第一参考数据中所述第三目标参考数据所占的比例不超过所述第四阈值时，所述通信设备不调整所述竞争窗口数值；其中，所述第一目标参考数据为所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据，所述第三目标参考数据为所述通信设备接收到失败应答响应NACK的第一参考数据。
可选的，在本设计中，所述第三阈值与所述第四阈值的和等于1。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例并不对以上第三阈值和第四阈值的具体取值进行限定。
由于在所述第一时间窗口内维护所述竞争窗口数值，那么由接收端LBT失败或是其他情况导致所述通信设备未收到的应答响应较多，那么所述通信设备未接收到的应答响应可能为ACK，也可能为NACK。在本实施方式中，所述通信设备在维护竞争窗口数值时，仅考虑接收到ACK和NACK的第一参考数据，而不再统计接收到DTX的第一参考数据，这样，可以避免将由于延时导致未收到第一参考数据的ACK而将该第一参考数据错误统计到接收DTX的第一参考数据。由于接收到NACK的第一参考数据的数量小于或等于未接收到ACK的第一参考数据的数量，因此，即使所述第四阈值与现有技术中的失败阈值(例如80％)相同或相近，也可以让增大竞争窗口数值的条件更严苛，从而降低增大竞争窗口数值的概率，保证所述通信设备的信道接入速度，最终保证所述通信设备的信道接入公平性。
进一步的，所述第四阈值与现有技术中的失败阈值(例如80％)相同或相近，那么所述第三阈值与现有技术中的成功阈值(例如20％)相同或相近，因此，该实施方式可以保证将竞争窗口数值调整为最小值的条件不放宽，从而不增加将竞争窗口数值调整为最小值的概率，进而可以降低所述通信设备由于降低竞争窗口数值导致的数据传输碰撞的概率。
另外，在本设计中，将所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应既不满足增大竞争窗口数值的条件，也不满足降低竞争窗口数据的条件时，所述通信设备可以保持所述竞争窗口数值不变，这样，既可以保证通信设备的信道接入速度，也可以降低所述通信设备由于降低竞争窗口数值导致的数据传输碰撞的概率。
在一个可能的设计中，所述通信设备可以通过以下步骤，使用第一规则维护所述竞争窗口数值：当在所述N个第一参考数据中第四目标参考数据所占的比例不超过第五阈值时， 所述通信设备不调整所述竞争窗口数值；当在所述N个第一参考数据中所述第四目标参考数据所占的比例超过所述第五阈值时，所述通信设备通过以下步骤调整所述竞争窗口数值：
当在所述第四目标参考数据中第一目标参考数据所占的比例不超过第六阈值，或者在所述第四目标参考数据中第三目标参考数据所占的比例超过第七阈值时，所述通信设备在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值；当在所述第四目标参考数据中所述第一目标参考数据所占的比例超过所述第六阈值，或者在所述第四目标参考数据中所述第三目标参考数据所占的比例不超过所述第七阈值时，所述通信设备将所述竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值；其中，所述第四目标参考数据为所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据和接收到NACK的第一参考数据，所述第一目标参考数据为所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据，所述第三目标参考数据为所述通信设备接收到NACK的第一参考数据。
可选的，在本设计中，所述第六阈值与所述第七阈值的和等于1。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例并不对以上第六阈值和第七阈值的具体取值进行限定。
由于在所述第一时间窗口内维护所述竞争窗口数值，那么由接收端LBT失败或是其他情况导致所述通信设备未收到的应答响应较多。当所述通信设备接收到的应答响应的第一参考数据(即上述第四目标参考数据)数量较低时，接收到ACK的第一参考数据在所述N个第一参考数据中的比例较小，若所述通信设备依然根据传统的方法，维护竞争窗口数值，那么所述通信设备较大概率会增大所述竞争窗口数值，进而增加了通信设备的信道接入时延，最终影响了所述通信设备的信道接入公平性。
为了解决上述问题，所述通信设备根据更能体现实际的ACK和NACK分布情况的以下两个比例：接收到ACK的第一参考数据在接收到ACK和NACK的第一参考数据中的比例，以及接收到NACK的第一参考数据在接收到ACK和NACK的第一参考数据中的比例，来判定增大所述竞争窗口数值还是将所述竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值，从而可以提高确定的所述竞争窗口数值的准确性。因此该实施方式既可以保证通信设备的信道接入速度，也可以降低所述通信设备由于降低竞争窗口数值导致的数据传输碰撞的概率。
另外，当所述通信设备接收到的应答响应的第一参考数据(即上述第四目标参考数据)数量过低时，即使上述两个比例，也无法准确地体现实际ACK和NACK分布情况，为了通信设备的信道接入速度，也可以降低所述通信设备由于降低竞争窗口数值导致的数据传输碰撞的概率，所述通信设备可以在该情况下维持所述竞争窗口数值不变。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例并不对以上第五阈值的具体取值进行限定。可选的，所述第五阈值可以设置为一个较低值，例如0％，1％等。
在一个可能的设计中，所述通信设备可以通过以下步骤，使用第一规则维护所述竞争窗口数值：当在所述N个第一参考数据中第四目标参考数据所占的比例不超过第八阈值，或者在所述N个第一参考数据中第五目标参考数据所占的比例超过第九阈值时，所述通信设备在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值；当在所述N个第一参考数据中所述第四目标参考数据所占的比例超过所述第八阈值，或者在所述N个第一参考数据中所述第五目标参考数据所占的比例不超过所述第九阈值时，所述通信设备将所述竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值；其中，所述第四目标参考数据为所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据和接收到NACK的第一参考数据，所述第五目标参考数据为所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备未接收到ACK和NACK的第一参考数据。
可选的，在本设计中，所述第八阈值与所述第九阈值的和等于1。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例并不对以上第八阈值和第九阈值的具体取值进行限定。
由于在所述第一时间窗口内维护所述竞争窗口数值，那么由接收端LBT失败或是其他情况导致所述通信设备未收到的应答响应较多，所述通信设备未收到应答响应可能是由于数据传输碰撞导致的。因此，当所述通信设备接收到的应答响应(ACK和NACK)的第一参考数据的数量较少，说明未接收到有效的应答响应(或接收到DTX)的第一参考数据的数量较多，那么出现数据传输碰撞的概率较大，因此，所述通信设备可以通过增大竞争窗口数值，以降低后续数据传输过程出现传输碰撞的概率。
对应的，当所述通信设备接收到的应答响应(ACK和NACK)的第一参考数据的数量较多，说明未接收到应答响应(或接收到DTX)的第一参考数据的数量较少，那么出现数据传输碰撞的概率较低，因此，所述通信设备可以将竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值，这样可以提高所述通信设备的信道接入速度。
在一个可能的设计中，在第一时间窗口之后，所述通信设备使用第二规则维护竞争窗口数值的时机可以但不限于以下几种：
第一种时机：所述通信设备在所述第一时间窗口结束时，根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第二规则维护竞争窗口数值。
第二种时机：所述通信设备在所述第一时间窗口结束后，接收到至少一个第一参考数据的应答响应时，根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第二规则维护竞争窗口数值。
第三种时机：所述通信设备在所述第一时间窗口结束后，进行数据传输过程之前，根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第二规则维护竞争窗口数值。
通过该设计，可以提高所述通信设备在第一时间窗口结束后维护所述竞争窗口的灵活性。
在一个可能的设计中，所述通信设备可以通过以下步骤，使用第二规则维护所述竞争窗口数值：当在所述N个第一参考数据中第一目标参考数据所占的比例不超过第十阈值，或者在所述N个第一参考数据中第二目标参考数据所占的比例超过第十一阈值时，所述通信设备在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值；当在所述N个第一参考数据中第一目标参考数据所占的比例超过所述第十阈值，或者在所述N个第一参考数据中所述第二目标参考数据所占的比例不超过所述第十一阈值时，所述通信设备调整所述竞争窗口数值为竞争窗口最小值；其中，所述第一目标参考数据为所述通信设备接收到成功应答响应ACK的第一参考数据，所述第二目标参考数据为所述通信设备未接收到ACK的第一参考数据。
可选的，在本设计中，所述第十阈值与所述第十一阈值的和等于1。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例并不对以上第十阈值和第十一阈值的具体取值进行限定。
由于在所述第一时间窗口结束后维护所述竞争窗口数值，那么由接收端LBT失败或是其他情况导致所述通信设备未收到的应答响应较少，因此所述通信设备可以在所述第一时间窗口结束后，采用传输的方法维护所述竞争窗口数值。由于接收到ACK的第一参考数据在所述N个第一参考数据中的比例，以及未接收到ACK的第一参考数据在所述N个第一参考数据中的比例，能够体现实际的应答响应状态分布情况。因此，通过以上实施方式可以提高确定的所述竞争窗口数值的准确性。所以该实施方式既可以保证通信设备的信道 接入速度，也可以降低所述通信设备由于降低竞争窗口数值导致的数据传输碰撞的概率。
可选的，所述第十阈值可以与现有技术中的成功阈值相同或相近，对应的，所述第十一阈值可以与现有技术中的失败阈值相同或相近。
在一个可能的设计中，所述通信设备可以通过以下步骤，使用第二规则维护所述竞争窗口数值：当在所述N个第一参考数据中第四目标参考数据所占的比例不超过第十二阈值，或者在所述N个第一参考数据中第五目标参考数据所占的比例超过第十三阈值时，所述通信设备在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值；当在所述N个第一参考数据中所述第四目标参考数据所占的比例超过所述第十二阈值，或者在所述N个第一参考数据中所述第五目标参考数据所占的比例不超过所述第十三阈值时，所述通信设备将所述竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值；其中，所述第四目标参考数据为所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据和接收到NACK的第一参考数据，所述第五目标参考数据为所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备未接收到ACK和NACK的第一参考数据。
可选的，在本设计中，所述第十二阈值与所述第十三阈值的和等于1。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例并不对以上第十二阈值和第十三阈值的具体取值进行限定。
由于所述通信设备未收到应答响应可能是由于数据传输碰撞导致的。因此，当所述通信设备接收到的应答响应(ACK和NACK)的第一参考数据的数量较少，说明未接收到应答响应(或接收到DTX)的第一参考数据的数量较多，那么出现数据传输碰撞的概率较大，因此，所述通信设备可以通过增大竞争窗口数值，以降低后续数据传输过程出现传输碰撞的概率。
对应的，当所述通信设备接收到的应答响应(ACK和NACK)的第一参考数据的数量较多，说明未接收到应答响应(或接收到DTX)的第一参考数据的数量较少，那么出现数据传输碰撞的概率较低，因此，所述通信设备可以将竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值，这样可以提高所述通信设备的信道接入速度。
在一个可能的设计中，当所述通信设备至少一次接收任一个第一参考数据的应答响应时，并将最后一次接收的所述第一参考数据的应答响应作为所述第一参考数据最终的应答响应，并基于每个第一参考数据最终的应答响应，使用第一规则或第二规则维护竞争窗口数值。
由于最后一次接收的每个参考数据的应答响应能够更准确地反映当前的网络传输状态，因此，所述通信设备根据最后一次接收的每个参考数据的应答响应，维护竞争窗口数值，可以提高确定的竞争窗口数值的准确性，从而可以在保证信道接入公平的情况下，降低通信设备的信道接入时延，以及降低由于不同通信设备选择相同的竞争窗口导致的数据传输碰撞的概率。
在一个可能的设计中，所述第一时间窗口的起始时刻在所述第一参考时间之前或之后，其中，当所述第一时间窗口的起始时刻在所述第一参考时间之前时，所述第一时间窗口的结束时刻在所述第一参考时间之后；或者所述第一时间窗口的起始时刻在所述第一参考时间所在的数据传输过程之后；或者所述第一时间窗口的起始时刻在预设的目标时域资源之前或之后，其中，所述目标时域资源为预设的传输所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应使用的最早的时域资源。通过该设计，可以提高第一时间窗口位置的灵活性。
在一个可能的设计中，所述第一时间窗口的大小可以为预设的，或者为所述通信设备 与接收端约定的，或者为所述通信设备配置给所述接收端的，或者等于所述接收端等待所述通信设备调度应答响应的资源的最大时长。
在一个可能的设计中，所述第一时间窗口通过计时器维护。
在一个可能的设计中，所述第一参考时间位于第L个数据传输过程中，所述第一时间窗口与所述第一参考时间对应，其中，L为大于0的整数；所述方法还包括以下步骤：
所述通信设备确定第K参考时间，其中，所述第二参考时间位于所述L+K个数据传输过程中，所述通信设备在所述第K参考时间内已发送M个第二参考数据，其中，M为大于0的整数，K为大于1的整数；当在所述第K参考时间之后，所述通信设备接收至少一个第K-Y参考数据的应答响应，所述第K-Y参考数据为在第K-Y参考时间内已发送的参考数据，所述第K-Y参考时间位于第L+K-Y个数传输过程中，Y为大于0且小于K的整数；所述通信设备根据第L+K-Y个数据传输过程实际使用的竞争窗口，以及最后一次接收的每个第K-Y参考数据的应答响应，重新确定第L+K-Y+1个数据传输过程应该使用的竞争窗口数值；所述通信设备根据前一个数据传输过程应该使用的竞争窗口数值，以及最后一次接收的所述前一个数据传输过程中的参考时间内已发送的参考数据的应答响应，确定后一个数据传输过程应该使用的竞争窗口数值；重复上述步骤，直至确定第L+K个数据传输过程应该使用的竞争窗口数值；所述通信设备更新当前的竞争窗口数值为所述第L+K个数据传输过程应该使用的竞争窗口数值；所述通信设备在所述第K参考时间对应的第K时间窗内，根据所述M个第二参考数据的应答响应，使用第一规则维护所述竞争窗口数值；所述通信设备在所述第K参考时间对应的第K时间窗结束后，根据所述M个第二参考数据的应答响应，使用第二规则维护所述竞争窗口数值。
通过该设计，当所述通信设备在收到之前的某次维护竞争窗口数值时的参考数据的应答响应时，根据最新接收的参考数据的应答响应，回退到当前次重新维护竞争窗口数值，并依次重新维护后续的竞争窗口数值，直到确定当前竞争窗口数值。由于之前使用的参考数据的应答响应存在误差，这就导致之前该次确定的竞争窗口数值可能存在误差，并通过后续多次维护导致误差累积，影响所述竞争窗口数值的准确性。因此，该方法可以根据最新的参考数据应答响应纠正之前确定的竞争窗口数值，并依次纠正后续每次确定的竞争窗口数值，从而避免了竞争窗口数值的误差累积，可以提高最终确定的竞争窗口数值的准确性。
第二方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种竞争窗口维护方法，该方法可以适用于支持使用非授权频谱的采用LBT机制进行信道竞争的网络设备或终端设备(以下统称为通信设备)中。该方法可以包括以下步骤：
通信设备确定参考时间，其中，所述通信设备在所述第一参考时间内已发送N个参考数据，其中N为大于0的整数；所述通信设备在所述参考时间之后，至少一次接收任一个第一参考数据的应答响应；所述通信设备根据最后一次接收的每个参考数据的应答响应，维护竞争窗口数值。
由于最后一次接收的每个参考数据的应答响应能够更准确地反映当前的网络传输状态，因此，所述通信设备根据最后一次接收的每个参考数据的应答响应，维护竞争窗口数值，可以提高确定的竞争窗口数值的准确性，从而可以在保证信道接入公平的情况下，降低通信设备的信道接入时延，以及降低由于不同通信设备选择相同的竞争窗口导致的数据传输碰撞的概率。
第三方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种竞争窗口维护方法，该方法可以适用于支持使用非授权频谱的采用LBT机制进行信道竞争的网络设备或终端设备(以下统称为通信设备)中。该方法可以包括以下步骤：
通信设备确定参考时间，其中，所述通信设备在所述第一参考时间内已发送N个参考数据，其中N为大于0的整数；当在所述N个参考数据中第一目标参考数据所占的比例超过第一阈值时，所述通信设备将竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值；当在所述N个参考数据中第二目标参考数据所占的比例超过第二阈值时，所述通信设备在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值；当在所述N个参考数据中第一目标参考数据所占的比例不超过所述第一阈值，且在所述N个参考数据中所述第二目标参考数据所占的比例不超过所述第二阈值时，所述通信设备不调整所述竞争窗口数值；其中，所述第一目标参考数据为所述通信设备接收到ACK的参考数据，所述第二目标参考数据为所述通信设备接收到失败应答响应NACK的参考数据。
第四方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种竞争窗口维护方法，该方法可以适用于支持使用非授权频谱的采用LBT机制进行信道竞争的网络设备或终端设备(以下统称为通信设备)中。该方法可以包括以下步骤：
通信设备确定参考时间，其中，所述通信设备在所述第一参考时间内已发送N个参考数据，其中N为大于0的整数；当在所述N个参考数据中第一目标参考数据所占的比例不超过第一阈值时，所述通信设备不调整所述竞争窗口数值；当在所述N个参考数据中所述第一目标参考数据所占的比例超过所述第一阈值时，所述通信设备通过以下步骤调整所述竞争窗口数值：
当在所述第一目标参考数据中第二目标参考数据所占的比例不超过第二阈值，或者在所述第一目标参考数据中第三目标参考数据所占的比例超过第三阈值时，所述通信设备在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值；
当在所述第一目标参考数据中所述第二目标参考数据所占的比例超过所述第二阈值，或者在所述第一目标参考数据中所述第三目标参考数据所占的比例不超过所述第三阈值时，所述通信设备将所述竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值；
其中，所述第一目标参考数据为所述通信设备接收到ACK的参考数据和接收到NACK的参考数据，所述第二目标参考数据为所述通信设备接收到ACK的参考数据，所述第三目标参考数据为所述通信设备接收到NACK的参考数据。
第五方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种竞争窗口维护方法，该方法可以适用于支持使用非授权频谱的采用LBT机制进行信道竞争的网络设备或终端设备(以下统称为通信设备)中。该方法可以包括以下步骤：
通信设备确定参考时间，其中，所述通信设备在所述第一参考时间内已发送N个参考数据；当在所述N个参考数据中第一目标参考数据所占的比例不超过第一阈值，或者在所述N个参考数据中第二目标参考数据所占的比例超过第二阈值时，所述通信设备在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值；当在所述N个参考数据中所述第一目标参考数据所占的比例超过所述第一阈值，或者在所述N个参考数据中所述第二目标参考数据所占的比例不超过所述第二阈值时，所述通信设备将所述竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值；其中，所述第一目标参考数据为所述通信设备接收到ACK的参考数据和接收到NACK的参考数据，所述第二目标参考数据为所述N个参考数据中所述通信设备未接收到ACK 和NACK的参考数据。
在以上任一种方法的一个可能的设计中，所述通信设备可以但不限于采用以下方法，在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值：
方法一：所述通信设备按照传统的方法，在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上进行翻倍，具体过程可以参考公式：CWp＝(CW+1)*m-1，m≥2。
方法二：所述通信设备预先在竞争窗口最小值CWmim,p和竞争窗口最大值CWmax,p范围内设置多个等级，例如，CW1,p(即CWmim,p)，CW2,p，CW2,p，……CWf,p(即CWmax,p)。所述通信设备在当前的竞争窗口数值CWp的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值时，可以确定当前的竞争窗口数值的等级，然后将所述竞争窗口数值调整为该等级的下一个取值更高的等级。例如，当所述当前竞争窗口CWp数值为CWi,p时，所述通信设备可以将竞争窗口数值CWp调整为CWi+1,p。
方法三：所述网络设备在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增加固定值。
通过该设计，可以提高通信设备增加竞争窗口数值的灵活性。
第六方面，本申请实施例提供了一种通信设备，包括用于执行以上任一方面中各个步骤的单元。
第七方面，本申请实施例提供了一种通信设备，包括至少一个处理元件和至少一个存储元件，其中该至少一个存储元件用于存储程序和数据，该至少一个处理元件用于执行本申请以上任一方面提供的方法。
第八方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机程序，当所述计算机程序在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行上述任一方面提供的方法。
第九方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机存储介质，所述计算机存储介质中存储有计算机程序，当所述计算机程序被计算机执行时，使得所述计算机执行上述任一方面提供的方法。
第十方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种芯片，所述芯片用于读取存储器中存储的计算机程序，执行上述任一方面提供的方法。
第十一方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种芯片系统，该芯片系统包括处理器，用于支持计算机装置实现上述任一方面提供的方法。在一种可能的设计中，所述芯片系统还包括存储器，所述存储器用于保存该计算机装置必要的程序和数据。该芯片系统可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
附图说明
图1A为本申请实施例提供的一种通信系统的示意图；
图1B为本申请实施例提供的一种通信系统的示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种竞争窗口维护方法的流程图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的参考时间k对应的时间窗口D的起始时刻的实例图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种竞争窗口维护实例示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的另一种竞争窗口维护实例示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的另一种竞争窗口维护实例示意图；
图7A为本申请实施例提供的另一种竞争窗口维护实例示意图；
图7B为本申请实施例提供的另一种竞争窗口维护实例示意图；
图7C为本申请实施例提供的另一种竞争窗口维护实例示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的另一种竞争窗口维护实例示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的一种通信设备的结构图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的另一种通信设备的结构图。
具体实施方式
本申请提供一种竞争窗口调整方法及设备，用于在保证信道接入公平的情况下，降低信道接入时延，以及降低由于不同通信设备选择相同的竞争窗口导致的数据传输碰撞的概率。其中，方法和设备是基于同一技术构思的，由于方法及设备解决问题的原理相似，因此设备与方法的实施可以相互参见，重复之处不再赘述。
以下，对本申请中的部分用语进行解释说明，以便于本领域技术人员理解。
1)、通信设备，为通信系统中具有数据传输的通信功能的设备。在本申请中，通信设备采用LBT的竞争方式使用非授权频谱资源的。
可选的，所述通信设备可以为网络设备、终端设备，或者中继设备等，本申请对此不作限定。
2)、网络设备，是通信系统中将终端设备接入到无线网络的设备。所述网络设备作为无线接入网中的节点，又可以称为基站，还可以称为无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)节点(或设备)。
目前，一些网络设备的举例为：gNB、传输接收点(transmission reception point，TRP)、演进型节点B(evolved Node B，eNB)、无线网络控制器(radio network controller，RNC)、节点B(Node B，NB)、接入点(access point，AP)基站控制器(base station controller，BSC)、基站收发台(base transceiver station，BTS)、家庭基站(例如，home evolved NodeB，或home Node B，HNB)，或基带单元(base band unit，BBU)，企业LTE离散窄带聚合(Enterprise LTE Discrete Spectrum Aggregation，eLTE-DSA)基站等。
另外，在一种网络结构中，所述网络设备可以包括集中单元(centralized unit，CU)节点和分布单元(distributed unit，DU)节点。这种结构将长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统中eNB的协议层拆分开，部分协议层的功能放在CU集中控制，剩下部分或全部协议层的功能分布在DU中，由CU集中控制DU。
3)、终端设备，是一种向用户提供语音和/或数据连通性的设备。终端设备又可以称为用户设备(user equipment，UE)、移动台(mobile station，MS)、移动终端(mobile terminal，MT)等。
例如，终端设备可以为具有无线连接功能的手持式设备、各种车载设备、路侧单元等。目前，一些终端设备的举例为：手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、掌上电脑、移动互联网设备(mobile internet device，MID)、智能销售终端(point of sale，POS)、可穿戴设备，虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端、远程手术(remote medical surgery)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端、各类智能仪表(智能水表、智能电表、智能燃气表)、eLTE-DSA UE、具有接入回传一体化(integrated access and backhaul，IAB)能力的设备、 车载电子控制单元(electronic control unit，ECU)等、车载电脑、车载巡航系统、远程信息处理器(telematics box，T-BOX)等。
4)、中继设备，为具有桥接功能，能够与终端设备、网络设备，或者其他中继设备建立无线连接的设备。例如，在终端设备与网络设备之间物理距离较大或存在障碍物的情况下，终端设备无法直接连接网络设备，那么可以在终端设备和网络设备之间部署至少一个中继设备，形成多跳通信，从而实现终端设备和网络设备之间的无线连接。
中继设备的物理形式可以为终端设备、网桥、网络设备(例如微基站、AP等)、接入回传一体化IAB节点(node)、客户终端设备(customer premises equipment，CPE)、具有接入回传一体化能力的设备等，本申请对此不作限定。
5)、应答响应，为接收设备根据数据包的传输情况发送的，用于通知发送设备该数据包的传输情况，以使所述发送设备根据该应答响应判定是否需要重传。
在支持混合自动重传请求(Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest，HARQ)技术的通信系统中，接收设备在接收到一个数据包后，会通过向发送设备发送混合自动重传请求应答确认(HARQ-acknowledgment，HARQ-ACK)以通知所述发送设备所述接收设备对该数据包的传输情况，从而使所述发送设备根据所述TB的传输情况判断是否需要对该数据包进行重传。例如，在基于传输块(transport block，TB)传输的通信系统中，数据包包含TB。
通常，所述HARQ-ACK包含：应答响应(Acknowledgement，ACK)和否定应答(Negative Acknowledgement，NACK)。其中，ACK表示数据包传输成功；NACK表示数据包传输失败。在本申请实施例中，除特殊情况外“应答响应”可以与“HARQ-ACK”相互替换。
例如，在网络设备向终端设备发送下行PDSCH时，终端设备会针对PDSCH反馈ACK或NACK。又例如，在终端设备向网络设备发送上行数据时，网络设备会针对上行数据通过信令反馈ACK或NACK，也可以同在下一次调度相同HARQ进程的上行调度信令中的新数据传输指示(NDI)是否翻转，如果翻转，等效为ACK，未翻转等效为NACK。
在一些场景中，接收设备只在数据包传输成功时发送ACK；当发送设备接收到ACK时，确定数据包传输成功，当未接收到ACK时，确定数据包传输失败需要重传。
综上，在本申请中，HARQ-ACK包含三种状态：ACK、NACK，以及除ACK和NACK以外的第三态，所述第三态又可以称为非连续传输(Discontinuous Transmission，DTX)，其实质可以为除ACK或NACK以外的其他响应，又称为“any”。在一些实施例中，接收设备未检测到有效的应答响应(ACK和NACK)也视为接收到DTX。
6)、“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
需要说明的是，本申请中所涉及的多个，是指两个或两个以上。至少一个，是指一个或多个。
另外，需要理解的是，在本申请的描述中，“第一”、“第二”等词汇，仅用于区分描述的目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性，也不能理解为指示或暗示顺序。
下面结合附图对本申请实施例做进行具体说明。
图1A示出了本申请实施例提供的竞争窗口方法适用的一种可能的通信系统的架构。参阅图1A所示，在该通信系统中包括：网络设备，以及终端设备(如图1A中的终端设备 a-终端设备e)。
所述网络设备，是网络侧能够接收和发射无线信号的实体，负责为在其管理的小区内的终端设备提供无线接入有关的服务，实现物理层功能、资源调度和无线资源管理、服务质量(Quality of Service，QoS)管理、无线接入控制以及移动性管理功能。
所述终端设备，为用户侧能够接收和发射无线信号的实体，需要通过所述网络设备接入网络。
可选的，在图1A所示的通信系统支持侧行链路(sidelink)通信技术。sidelink通信技术是一种终端设备之间能够直连的近场通信技术，又称为近距离服务(proximity services，ProSe)通信技术，或设备到设备(device to device，D2D)通信技术。在该通信系统中，所处地理位置较近，且支持sidelink通信的多个终端设备可以组成一个子通信系统。在该子通信系统中，终端设备之间可以进行sidelink通信。
例如，图1A所示的通信系统中，终端设备a、终端设备b和终端设备c均支持sidelink通信，那么这三个终端设备可以组成一个子通信系统，终端设备a和终端设备b之间，终端设备b和终端设备c之间均能够进行传输sidelink数据。
基于图1A所示的通信系统的架构，本申请实施例还提供了一种通信系统的网络拓扑架构，如图1B所示。其中，网络设备和终端设备之间可以通过空中接口(即Uu接口)连接，从而实现所述终端设备和所述网络设备之间的通信(这种通信可以简称Uu通信，或者蜂窝网通信)。邻近的终端设备之间可以通过PC5接口，建立直连链路进行sidelink数据传输。
为了提高通信系统容量、缓解授权频谱资源短缺的压力，在图1A和图1B所示的通信系统可以使用非授权频谱资源进行数据传输。例如，网络设备和终端设备之间通过Uu接口通信时，可以使用非授权频谱资源进行数据传输。又例如，终端设备之间可以通过PC5接口通信时，可以使用非授权频谱资源进行数据传输。
还需要指出的是，如图1A和图1B所示的通信系统作为一个示例，并不对本申请实施例提供的方法适用的通信系统构成限定。本申请实施例还可以应用于各种类型和制式的通信系统，例如：第五代(The 5th Generation，5G)通信系统、未来(第六代、第七代等)通信系统、长期演进(Long Term Evolution，LTE)通信系统、车到万物(vehicle to everything，V2X)、长期演进-车联网(LTE-vehicle，LTE-V)、车到车(vehicle to vehicle，V2V)、车联网、机器类通信(Machine Type Communications，MTC)、物联网(internet of things，IoT)、长期演进-机器到机器(LTE-machine to machine，LTE-M)、机器到机器(machine to machine，M2M)、D2D、企业LTE离散窄带聚合(enterprise LTE discrete spectrum aggregation，eLTE-DSA)系统等通信系统，本申请实施例不予限定。
在以上图1A和图1B所示的在非授权频谱上部署的通信系统中，通信设备(网络设备或终端设备)通常采用LBT机制，公平竞争使用该非授权频谱资源。所述LBT机制的主要流程可以参见背景技术中的描述此处不再赘述。
目前，为了降低通信系统中通信设备发生数据传输碰撞的概率，在3GPP TS37.213中已经定义了在LTE-LAA通信系统中的网络设备eNB更新竞争窗口CW的流程。LTE-LAA通信系统针对竞争窗口数值设置不同的优先级(例如设置优先级1,2,3,4)，并针对每个优先级p设置对应的竞争窗口最小值CWmin,p和竞争窗口最大值CWmax,p，其中，p∈{1,2,3,4}。
当eNB希望在一个载波上以优先级p传输PDSCH时，所述eNB可以按照以下步骤调整竞争窗口数值CWp。
1、首先，所述eNB设置CWp＝CWmin,p；
2、所述eNB定义在当前载波上最近一次传输中的起始子帧为参考子帧，其中，所述eNB在所述参考子帧中发送多个参考PDSCH。所述eNB根据接收的所述参考子帧中PDSCH的应答响应，调整下一次LBT的CWp：
若所述eNB接收到NACK的PDSCH的比例超过失败阈值(例如80％)，或者所述eNB接收到ACK的PDSCH的比例低于成功阈值(例如20％)，则所述eNB增大CWp，例如，CWp＝(CWp+1)*m-1，m≥2。需要注意的是，增大后的CWp需要满足限定条件：CWp≤CWmax,p。其中，eNB接收到的NACK、DTX、any等应答响应，均被统计为NACK。
其他情况下，所述eNB设置CWp＝CWmin,p。
为了在保证信道接入公平的情况下，降低信道接入时延，以及降低由于不同通信设备选择相同的竞争窗口导致的数据传输碰撞的概率。本申请提供了一种竞争窗口维护方法，该方法可以适用于如图1A和图1B所示的通信系统中，该方法涉及的通信设备可以为所述通信系统中的支持使用非授权频谱的采用LBT机制进行信道竞争的网络设备或终端设备。参阅图2所示。该方法具体包括以下流程。
S201：通信设备确定第一参考时间，其中，所述通信设备在所述第一参考时间内已发送N个第一参考数据，所述N为大于0的整数。
在通信系统中所述通信设备可以通过多个数据传输过程，向接收端发送数据。因此，所述通信设备在确定所述第一参考时间时，可以在第L个数据传输过程中确定所述第一参考时间。示例性的，所述通信设备可以将所述第L个数据传输过程中的指定时间段为所述第一参考时间，或者说所述通信设备可以将所述第L个数据传输过程中的部分时间段作为所述第一参考时间。例如，当所述通信设备通过发送无线帧，执行数据传输过程中，所述通信设备可以将执行第L个数据传输过程的无线帧内前a个时隙作为所述第一参考时间，其中L和a为大于0的整数。
需要说明的是，所述第一参考数据可以为在所述第一参考时间内传输的数据包。示例性的，在网络设备向终端设备进行下行数据传输的场景中，网络设备为所述通信设备，所述第一参考数据可以为下行共享物理信道(physical downlink shared channel，PDSCH)。在终端设备向网络设备进行上行数据传输的场景中，终端设备为所述通信设备，所述第一参考数据可以为物理上行共享信道(physical uplink shared channel，PUSCH)。
S202：所述通信设备在第一时间窗口内，根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第一规则维护竞争窗口数值；所述通信设备在第一时间窗口之后，根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第二规则维护竞争窗口数值。在不同的实施方式中，第一规则和第二规则可以相同或者不同。
需要说明的是，为了信道接入竞争，所述通信设备保存有竞争窗口数值或者由协议规定，这样，所述通信设备在进行数据传输过程之前的LBT竞争过程时，所述通信设备可以在竞争窗口数值构成的区间内，选择一个随机竞争次数。
在不同的实施方式中，所述通信设备在执行S202时，在第一时间窗口内，所述通信设备可以但不限于在以下时机，触发使用第一规则维护竞争窗口数值：
第一种时机：所述通信设备在所述第一时间窗口内接收到至少一个第一参考数据的应答响应时，根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第一规则维护竞争窗口数值。即接收第一参考数据的应答响应触发所述通信设备维护竞争窗口数值。
第二种时机：所述通信设备根据数据传输过程的时域资源配置，确定在所述第一时间窗口内需要启动数据传输过程时，在进行数据传输过程之前，所述通信设备根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第一规则维护竞争窗口数值。即由在第一时间窗口内即将执行的数据传输过程触发所述通信设备维护竞争窗口数值。
具体的，在以上触发时机下，所述通信设备可以但不限于通过以下实施方式，根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第一规则维护竞争窗口数值。
第一种实施方式：
当在所述N个第一参考数据中第一目标参考数据所占的比例(Num(ACK)/N)不超过第一阈值，或者在所述N个第一参考数据中第二目标参考数据(Num(NACK)+Num(DTX)/N)所占的比例超过第二阈值时，所述通信设备在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值；
当在所述N个第一参考数据中第一目标参考数据所占的比例(Num(ACK)/N)超过所述第一阈值，或者在所述N个第一参考数据中所述第二目标参考数据所占的比例(Num(NACK)+Num(DTX)/N)不超过所述第二阈值时，所述通信设备调整所述竞争窗口数值为竞争窗口最小值；
其中，所述第一目标参考数据为所述通信设备接收到成功应答响应ACK的第一参考数据，其数量通过Num(ACK)表示，所述第二目标参考数据为所述通信设备未接收到ACK的第一参考数据，即所述第二目标参考数据为所述通信设备接收到NACK和接收到DTX的第一参考数据，其数量通过Num(NACK)+Num(DTX)表示。
可选的，在本实施方式中，所述第一阈值与所述第二阈值的和等于1。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例并不对以上第一阈值和第二阈值的具体取值进行限定。
由于在所述第一时间窗口内维护所述竞争窗口数值，那么由接收端LBT失败或者其他情况导致所述通信设备未收到的应答响应较多，那么所述通信设备在未接收到一些第一参考数据的ACK时，可能将这些第一参考数据错误统计为传输失败的第一参考数据，导致在原本应该将竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值的条件下，错误调整为增大所述竞争窗口数值，进而增加了通信设备的信道接入时延，最终影响了所述通信设备的信道接入公平性。
在本实施方式的一个示例中，为了解决以上问题，相对于传统的维护方法中的失败阈值(例如80％)，所述第二阈值设置较高(例如90％)。这样，该方法可以让增大竞争窗口数值的条件更严苛，从而降低由于接收端LBT失败或其他情况导致所述通信设备增大竞争窗口数值的概率，进而保证所述通信设备的信道接入速度，最终保证所述通信设备的信道接入公平性。
第二种实施方式：
当在所述N个第一参考数据中第一目标参考数据所占的比例(Num(ACK)/N)超过第三阈值时，所述通信设备将所述竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值；
当在所述N个第一参考数据中第三目标参考数据所占的比例(Num(NACK)/N)超过第四阈值时，所述通信设备在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值；
当在所述N个第一参考数据中第一目标参考数据所占的比例(Num(ACK)/N)不超过所述第三阈值，且在所述N个第一参考数据中所述第三目标参考数据所占的比例(Num(NACK)/N)不超过所述第四阈值时，所述通信设备不调整所述竞争窗口数值；
其中，所述第一目标参考数据为所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据，其数量通过Num(ACK)表示，所述第三目标参考数据为所述通信设备接收到NACK的第一参考数据，其数量通过Num(NACK)表示。
可选的，在本实施方式中，所述第三阈值与所述第四阈值的和等于1。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例并不对以上第三阈值和第四阈值的具体取值进行限定。
由于在所述第一时间窗口内维护所述竞争窗口数值，那么由时延或者接收端LBT失败导致所述通信设备未收到的应答响应较多，那么所述通信设备未接收到的应答响应可能为ACK，也可能为NACK。在本实施方式中，所述通信设备在维护竞争窗口数值时，仅考虑接收到ACK和NACK的第一参考数据，而不再统计接收到DTX的第一参考数据，这样，可以避免将由于延时导致未收到第一参考数据的ACK而将该第一参考数据错误统计到传输失败的第一参考数据。由于接收到NACK的第一参考数据的数量小于或等于未接收到ACK的第一参考数据的数量，因此，即使所述第四阈值与现有技术中的失败阈值(例如80％)相同或相近，也可以让增大竞争窗口数值的条件更严苛，从而降低增大竞争窗口数值的概率，保证所述通信设备的信道接入速度，最终保证所述通信设备的信道接入公平性。
进一步的，所述第四阈值与现有技术中的失败阈值(例如80％)相同或相近，那么所述第三阈值与现有技术中的成功阈值(例如20％)相同或相近，因此，该实施方式可以保证将竞争窗口数值调整为最小值的条件不放宽，从而不增加将竞争窗口数值调整为最小值的概率，进而可以降低所述通信设备由于降低竞争窗口数值导致的数据传输碰撞的概率。
另外，在本实施方式中，将所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应既不满足增大竞争窗口数值的条件，也不满足降低竞争窗口数据的条件时，所述通信设备可以保持所述竞争窗口数值不变，这样，既可以保证通信设备的信道接入速度，也可以降低所述通信设备由于降低竞争窗口数值导致的数据传输碰撞的概率。
第三种实施方式：
当在所述N个第一参考数据中第四目标参考数据所占的比例((Num(ACK)+Num(NACK))/N)不超过第五阈值时，所述通信设备不调整所述竞争窗口数值；
当在所述N个第一参考数据中所述第四目标参考数据所占的比例((Num(ACK)+Num(NACK))/N)超过所述第五阈值时，所述通信设备通过以下步骤调整所述竞争窗口数值：
当在所述第四目标参考数据中第一目标参考数据所占的比例(Num(ACK)/(Num(ACK)+Num(NACK)))不超过第六阈值，或者在所述第四目标参考数据中第三目标参考数据所占的比例(Num(NACK)/(Num(ACK)+Num(NACK)))超过第七阈值时，所述通信设备在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值；
当在所述第四目标参考数据中所述第一目标参考数据所占的比例(Num(ACK)/(Num(ACK)+Num(NACK)))超过所述第六阈值，或者在所述第四目标参考数据中所述第三目标参考数据所占的比例(Num(NACK)/(Num(ACK)+Num(NACK)))不超过所述第七阈值时，所述通信设备将所述竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值；
其中，所述第四目标参考数据为所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据和接收到 NACK的第一参考数据，其数量通过Num(ACK)+Num(NACK)表示；所述第一目标参考数据为所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据，其数量通过Num(ACK)表示，所述第三目标参考数据为所述通信设备接收到NACK的第一参考数据，其数量通过Num(NACK)表示。
可选的，在本实施方式中，所述第六阈值与所述第七阈值的和等于1。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例并不对以上第六阈值和第七阈值的具体取值进行限定。示例性的，所述第六阈值可以设置为10％，所述第一阈值可以设置为90％。
基于以上实施方式中的描述可知，由于在所述第一时间窗口内维护所述竞争窗口数值，那么由时延或者接收端LBT失败导致所述通信设备未收到的应答响应较多。当所述通信设备接收到的应答响应的第一参考数据(即上述第四目标参考数据)数量较低时，接收到ACK的第一参考数据在所述N个第一参考数据中的比例较小，通信设备调整竞争窗口数值，进而降低了通信设备的信道接入时延，最终保证了所述通信设备的信道接入公平性。
为了解决上述问题，所述通信设备根据更能体现实际的ACK和NACK分布情况的以下两个比例：接收到ACK的第一参考数据在接收到ACK和NACK的第一参考数据中的比例，以及接收到NACK的第一参考数据在接收到ACK和NACK的第一参考数据中的比例，来判定增大所述竞争窗口数值还是将所述竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值，从而可以提高确定的所述竞争窗口数值的准确性。因此该实施方式既可以保证通信设备的信道接入速度，也可以降低所述通信设备由于降低竞争窗口数值导致的数据传输碰撞的概率。
另外，当所述通信设备接收到的应答响应的第一参考数据(即上述第四目标参考数据)数量过低时，即使上述两个比例，也无法准确地体现实际ACK和NACK分布情况，为了通信设备的信道接入速度，也可以降低所述通信设备由于降低竞争窗口数值导致的数据传输碰撞的概率，所述通信设备可以在该情况下维持所述竞争窗口数值不变。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例并不对以上第五阈值的具体取值进行限定。可选的，所述第五阈值可以设置为一个较低值，例如0％，1％等。
第四种实施方式：
当在所述N个第一参考数据中第四目标参考数据所占的比例((Num(ACK)+Num(NACK))/N)不超过第八阈值，或者在所述N个第一参考数据中第五目标参考数据所占的比例(Num(DTX)/N)超过第九阈值时，所述通信设备在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值；
当在所述N个第一参考数据中所述第四目标参考数据所占的比例((Num(ACK)+Num(NACK))/N)超过所述第八阈值，或者在所述N个第一参考数据中所述第五目标参考数据所占的比例(Num(DTX)/N)不超过所述第九阈值时，所述通信设备将所述竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值；
其中，所述第四目标参考数据为所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据和接收到NACK的第一参考数据，其数量通过Num(ACK)+Num(NACK)表示，所述第五目标参考数据为所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备未接收到ACK和NACK的第一参考数据，即所述第五目标参考数据为检测到DTX的第一参考数据，其数量通过Num(DTX)表示。
可选的，在本实施方式中，所述第八阈值与所述第九阈值的和等于1。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例并不对以上第八阈值和第九阈值的具体取值进行限定。示例性的，所述第八阈值可以设置为10％，所述第九阈值可以设置为90％。
基于以上实施方式中的描述可知，由于在所述第一时间窗口内维护所述竞争窗口数值，那么由接收端LBT失败或是其他情况导致所述通信设备未收到的应答响应较多，所述通信设备未收到应答响应可能是由于数据传输碰撞导致的。因此，当所述通信设备接收到的应答响应(ACK和NACK)的第一参考数据的数量较少，说明未接收到有效的应答响应(或接收到DTX)的第一参考数据的数量较多，那么出现数据传输碰撞的概率较大，因此，所述通信设备可以通过增大竞争窗口数值，以降低后续数据传输过程出现传输碰撞的概率。
对应的，当所述通信设备接收到的应答响应(ACK和NACK)的第一参考数据的数量较多，说明未接收到应答响应(或接收到DTX)的第一参考数据的数量较少，那么出现数据传输碰撞的概率较低，因此，所述通信设备可以将竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值，这样可以提高所述通信设备的信道接入速度。
在一些实施方式中，所述通信设备在执行S202时，在第一时间窗口之后，所述通信设备可以在以下时机，触发使用第二规则维护竞争窗口数值：
第一种时机：所述通信设备在所述第一时间窗口结束时，根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第二规则维护竞争窗口数值。即所述第一时间窗口的结束触发所述通信设备维护所述竞争窗口数值。
第二种时机：所述通信设备在所述第一时间窗口结束后，接收到至少一个第一参考数据的应答响应时，根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第二规则维护竞争窗口数值；即接收第一参考数据的应答响应触发所述通信设备维护竞争窗口数值。
第三种时机：所述通信设备在所述第一时间窗口结束后，进行数据传输过程之前，根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第二规则维护竞争窗口数值。即由在第一时间窗口外即将执行的数据传输过程触发所述通信设备维护竞争窗口数值。
需要说明的是，所述通信设备在第一时间窗口内未触发使用所述第一规则维护竞争窗口数值的情况下，所述通信设备可以在上述第三种时机下，触发使用所述第二规则维护所述竞争窗口数值。当所述通信设备在所述第一时间窗口内触发使用所述第一规则维护所述竞争窗口数值的情况下，所述通信设备直接使用该竞争窗口数值进行数据传输过程，不需要使用第二规则维护。
具体的，在以上触发时机下，所述通信设备可以但不限于可以通过以下实施方式，根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第二规则维护竞争窗口数值。
第一种实施方式：
当在所述N个第一参考数据中第一目标参考数据所占的比例(Num(ACK)/N)不超过第十阈值，或者在所述N个第一参考数据中第二目标参考数据所占的比例((Num(NACK)+Num(DTX))/N)超过第十一阈值时，所述通信设备在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值；
当在所述N个第一参考数据中第一目标参考数据所占的比例(Num(ACK)/N)超过所述第十阈值，或者在所述N个第一参考数据中所述第二目标参考数据所占的比例((Num(NACK)+Num(DTX))/N)不超过所述第十一阈值时，所述通信设备调整所述竞争窗口数值为竞争窗口最小值；
其中，所述第一目标参考数据为所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据，其数量通过Num(ACK)表示，所述第二目标参考数据为所述通信设备未接收到ACK的第一参考 数据，其数量通过Num(NACK)+Num(DTX)表示。
可选的，在本实施方式中，所述第十阈值与所述第十一阈值的和等于1。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例并不对以上第十阈值和第十一阈值的具体取值进行限定。
由于在所述第一时间窗口结束后维护所述竞争窗口数值，那么由接收端LBT或是其他情况失败导致所述通信设备未收到的应答响应较少，因此所述通信设备可以在所述第一时间窗口结束后，采用传输的方法维护所述竞争窗口数值。由于接收到ACK的第一参考数据在所述N个第一参考数据中的比例，以及未接收到ACK的第一参考数据在所述N个第一参考数据中的比例，能够体现实际的应答响应状态分布情况。因此，通过以上实施方式可以提高确定的所述竞争窗口数值的准确性。所以该实施方式既可以保证通信设备的信道接入速度，也可以降低所述通信设备由于降低竞争窗口数值导致的数据传输碰撞的概率。
可选的，所述第十阈值可以与现有技术中的成功阈值相同或相近，对应的，所述第十一阈值可以与现有技术中的失败阈值相同或相近。示例性的，所述第十阈值可以设置为20％，所述第十一阈值可以设置为80％。
第二种实施方式：
当在所述N个第一参考数据中第四目标参考数据所占的比例((Num(ACK)+Num(NACK))/N)不超过第十二阈值，或者在所述N个第一参考数据中第五目标参考数据所占的比例(Num(DTX)/N)超过第十三阈值时，所述通信设备在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值；
当在所述N个第一参考数据中所述第四目标参考数据所占的比例((Num(ACK)+Num(NACK))/N)超过所述第十二阈值，或者在所述N个第一参考数据中所述第五目标参考数据所占的比例(Num(DTX)/N)不超过所述第十三阈值时，所述通信设备将所述竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值；
其中，所述第四目标参考数据为所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据和接收到NACK的第一参考数据，其数量通过Num(ACK)+Num(NACK)表示，所述第五目标参考数据为所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备未接收到ACK和NACK的第一参考数据，其数量通过Num(DTX)表示。
可选的，在本实施方式中，所述第十二阈值与所述第十三阈值的和等于1。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例并不对以上第十二阈值和第十三阈值的具体取值进行限定。示例性的，所述第十二阈值可以设置为20％，所述第三阈值可以设置为80％。
由于所述通信设备未收到应答响应可能是由于数据传输碰撞导致的。因此，当所述通信设备接收到的应答响应(ACK和NACK)的第一参考数据的数量较少，说明未接收到应答响应(或接收到DTX)的第一参考数据的数量较多，那么出现数据传输碰撞的概率较大，因此，所述通信设备可以通过增大竞争窗口数值，以降低后续数据传输过程出现传输碰撞的概率。
对应的，当所述通信设备接收到的应答响应(ACK和NACK)的第一参考数据的数量较多，说明未接收到应答响应(或接收到DTX)的第一参考数据的数量较少，那么出现数据传输碰撞的概率较低，因此，所述通信设备可以将竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值，这样可以提高所述通信设备的信道接入速度。
需要注意的是，通信系统可以支持应答响应的一次反馈或多次反馈。当所述通信系统支持应答响应的多次反馈的情况下，所述通信设备可能会在维护竞争窗口数值前，多次收 到某些第一参考数据的应答响应，那么，所述通信设备上述任一种实施方式中，使用第一规则或第二规则维护竞争窗口数值时，将最后一次接收的所述第一参考数据的应答响应作为所述第一参考数据最终的应答响应，然后根据所述N个第一参考数据最终的应答响应，维护竞争窗口数值。
另外，在本申请实施例中还提供了所述通信设备确定所述第一时间窗口的方法：
在一个实施方式中，所述通信设备可以通过以下方式确定所述第一时间窗口的起始时刻：
所述第一时间窗口的起始时刻在所述第一参考时间之前或之后，其中，当所述第一时间窗口的起始时刻在所述第一参考时间之前时，所述第一时间窗口的结束时刻在所述第一参考时间之后；或者
所述第一时间窗口的起始时刻在所述第一参考时间所在的数据传输过程之后；或者
所述第一时间窗口的起始时刻在预设的目标时域资源之前或之后，其中，所述目标时域资源为预设的传输所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应使用的最早的时域资源。
在另一个实施方式中，所述通信设备可以通过以下方式确定所述第一时间窗口的大小：
所述第一时间窗口的大小可以为预设的(例如标准中规定的)，或者为所述通信设备与接收端约定的，或者为所述通信设备配置给所述接收端的，或者等于所述接收端等待所述通信设备调度应答响应的资源的最大时长，或者所述第一时间窗口为复用所述通信设备已有的其他时长，本申请对此不作限定。
此外，所述第一时间窗口通过计时器(timer)维护，例如，在所述第一时间窗口的起始时刻，所述通信设备启动第一时间窗口计时器，并初始化为0或D，然后随着时间的推移，所述第一时间窗口计时器中的计数递增或递减，当所述第一时间窗口计时器中的计数为D或0时，即所述第一时间窗口结束。其中，D为大于0，其单位为秒、毫秒、子帧、时隙等本申请对此不作限定。
在本申请实施例的一个实施方式中，所述通信设备可以循环以上步骤，以持续更新所述竞争窗口数值，以适应随时变化的数据传输环境。
所述通信设备可以通过多次确定参考时间以及参考时间对应的时间窗口(例如上述的第一时间窗口与第一参考时间对应)，通过第一规则或第二规则维护所述竞争窗口数值，每次维护所述竞争窗口数值的方法可以参考以上步骤S201和S202中的描述。当所述通信设备在当前确定参考时间后，接收到之前某次参考时间内的发送的参考数据的应答响应时，所述通信设备需要回退到该次重新维护竞争窗口数值，并依次重新维护该次之后直至当前的每次维护的竞争窗口。
示例性的，当由即将执行的数据传输过程触发通信设备维护竞争窗口数值的情况下，循环维护过程如下：
在所述通信设备执行以上S201和S202之后，所述通信设备确定第K参考时间，其中，所述第二参考时间位于所述L+K个数据传输过程中，所述通信设备在所述第K参考时间内已发送M个第二参考数据，其中，M为大于0的整数，K为大于1的整数；
当在所述第K参考时间之后，所述通信设备未接收至少一个第K-Y参考数据的应答响应，那么所述通信设备通过以上步骤S202，继续使用所述第一规则或所述第二规则维护所述竞争窗口数值；
当在所述第K参考时间之后，所述通信设备接收至少一个第K-Y参考数据的应答响 应，所述第K-Y参考数据为在第K-Y参考时间内已发送的参考数据，所述第K-Y参考时间位于第L+K-Y个数传输过程中，Y为大于0且小于K的整数；
所述通信设备根据第L+K-Y个数据传输过程实际使用的竞争窗口，以及最后一次接收的每个第K-Y参考数据的应答响应，重新确定第L+K-Y+1个数据传输过程应该使用的竞争窗口数值；
所述通信设备根据前一个数据传输过程应该使用的竞争窗口数值，以及最后一次接收的所述前一个数据传输过程中的参考时间内已发送的参考数据的应答响应，确定后一个数据传输过程应该使用的竞争窗口数值；重复上述步骤，直至确定第L+K个数据传输过程应该使用的竞争窗口数值；
所述通信设备更新当前的竞争窗口数值为所述第L+K个数据传输过程应该使用的竞争窗口数值；
所述通信设备在所述第K参考时间对应的第K时间窗内，根据所述M个第二参考数据的应答响应，使用第一规则维护所述竞争窗口数值；
所述通信设备在所述第K参考时间对应的第K时间窗结束后，根据所述M个第二参考数据的应答响应，使用第二规则维护所述竞争窗口数值。
通过以上步骤，当所述通信设备在收到之前的某次维护竞争窗口数值时的参考数据的应答响应时，根据最新接收的参考数据的应答响应，回退到当前次重新维护竞争窗口数值，并依次重新维护后续的竞争窗口数值，直到确定当前竞争窗口数值。由于之前使用的参考数据的应答响应存在误差，这就导致之前该次确定的竞争窗口数值可能存在误差，并通过后续多次维护导致误差累积，影响所述竞争窗口数值的准确性。因此，该方法可以根据最新的参考数据应答响应纠正之前确定的竞争窗口数值，并依次纠正后续每次确定的竞争窗口数值，从而避免了竞争窗口数值的误差累积，可以提高最终确定的竞争窗口数值的准确性。
示例性的，在所述通信设备使用优先级p的竞争窗口时，在本申请实施例中，所述通信设备可以但不限于通过以下方法在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大竞争窗口数值：
方法一：所述通信设备按照传统的方法，在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上进行翻倍，具体过程可以参考公式：CWp＝(CW+1)*m-1，m≥2。
方法二：所述通信设备预先在竞争窗口最小值CWmim,p和竞争窗口最大值CWmax,p范围内设置多个等级，例如，CW1,p(即CWmim,p)，CW2,p，CW2,p，……CWf,p(即CWmax,p)。所述通信设备在当前的竞争窗口数值CWp的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值时，可以确定当前的竞争窗口数值的等级，然后将所述竞争窗口数值调整为该等级的下一个取值更高的等级。例如，当所述当前竞争窗口CWp数值为CWi,p时，所述通信设备可以将竞争窗口数值CWp调整为CWi+1,p。
方法三：所述网络设备在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增加固定值。
本申请实施例提供了一种竞争窗口维护方法，在该方法中，通信设备可以在时间窗口内使用第一规则维护竞争窗口数值，这样，所述通信设备为接收应答响应设置一定的缓冲时间(即时间窗口)，在该缓冲时间内，通信设备采用与现有技术不同的第一规则维护竞争窗口数值，从而可以提高通信设备维护竞争窗口数值的灵活性，和确定所述竞争窗口数值的准确性。另外，在该缓冲时间结束后，提高所述通信设备采用第二规则维护竞争窗口数值时，确定所述竞争窗口数值的准确性。综上，该方法可以提高通信设备确定竞争窗口 的准确性，因此，该方法可以在保证信道接入公平的情况下，降低通信设备的信道接入时延，以及降低由于不同通信设备选择相同的竞争窗口导致的数据传输碰撞的概率。
基于以上实施例，本申请还提供了竞争窗口维护实例，参阅图-图所示。为了便于说明，在以下实例中，以以下场景为例对竞争窗口的维护方法进行说明：网络设备作为发送端，终端设备为接收端，所述网络设备在下行数据传输过程中可以通过物理下行共享信道(physical downlink shared channel，PDSCH)进行数据传输，所述终端设备可以通过物理上行控制信道(physical uplink control channel，PUCCH)向所述网络设备反馈每个PDSCH的应答响应。需要说明的是，以下实例并不构成对本申请竞争窗口维护方法的限定。以下各实例中，以第一参考时间为参考时间k为例，以第一参考数据以在参考时间k内发送的PDSCH为例进行说明。
实例一：本实例提供了一种网络设备确定参考时间k对应的时间窗口D的方法。
参阅图3所示，当所述网络设备在一个下行数据传输过程(即一个下行brust)内确定参考时间k，然后所述网络设备可以确定所述参考时间k对应的时间窗口D的起始时间在参考时间k之前(如图中的T1所示)，或在所述参考时间k之后(如图中T1’所示)，也可以从包含参考时间k的下行数据传输过程结束之后(如图中T2所示)，或者从分配给终端设备反馈参考时间k内PDSCH的应答响应的最早的时域资源之前(如图中T3所示)或之后(如图中T3’所示)。
另外，所述参考时间k的时间窗口D的大小可以通过标准事先约定(即预设的)，也可以通过所述网络设备通过无线资源控制(radio resource control，RRC)信令配置给所述终端设备的，或者所述网络设备复用已有的其他时长。示例性的，当所述时间窗口D的大小为已有的其他时长时，可以为终端设备等待网络设备调度额外的应答响应时域资源的最大时长。
还需要说明的是，所述网络设备可以通过多种方式维护所述时间窗口D。示例性的，所述网络设备可以通过计时器(timer)维护所述时间窗口D(例如时长为T0)，例如，在所述时间窗口D的起始时刻，所述网络设备启动时间窗口计时器，并初始化为0或T0，然后随着时间的推移，所述时间窗口计时器中的计数递增或递减，当所述时间窗口计时器中的计数为T0或0时，即所述时间窗口D结束。
实例二：
网络设备确定参考时间k和与所述参考时间k相对应的时间窗口D。其中，网络设备在所述参考时间k内已经发送N个PDSCH，所述参考时间k位于第x个下行数据传输过程(例如一个burst)中，其中N为大于0的整数。所述网络设备使用优先级p的竞争窗口数值进行数据传输。
所述网络设备根据PDSCH的资源配置，确定第x+1个下行数据传输过程的起始时间g。
当所述第x+1个下行数据传输过程的起始时间g在所述时间窗口D内，所述网络设备通过如下方法维护竞争窗口数值(对应图2所示的实施例中的使用第一规则的第一种实施方式)：
若所述N个PDSCH中所述网络设备未收到ACK的PDSCH占的比例超过第一阈值， 或者所述N个PDSCH中所述网络设备收到ACK的PDSCH占的比例不超过第二阈值，则所述网络设备在当前的竞争窗口数值CWp的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值。
其它情况下，则所述网络设备将竞争窗口数值CWp调整为竞争窗口最小值CWmin,p。
可选的，所述第一阈值与所述第二阈值的和等于1。
在一个实施方式中，所述第一阈值大于现有技术中的80％，例如，所述第一阈值可以设为90％。相应的，所述第二阈值小于现有技术中的20％，例如所述第二阈值可以设为10％。这样，该方法可以让增大竞争窗口数值的条件更严苛，从而避免由于接收端LBT失败或是其他情况导致所述网络设备增大竞争窗口数值的概率，进而保证所述网络设备的信道接入速度，最终保证所述网络设备的信道接入公平性。
当所述第x+1个下行数据传输的起始时间g在所述时间窗口D结束后，所述网络设备通过如下方法维护竞争窗口(对应图2所示的实施例中的使用第二规则的第一种实施方式)：
若所述N个PDSCH中所述网络设备未收到ACK的PDSCH占的比例超过第三阈值，或者所述N个PDSCH中所述网络设备收到ACK的PDSCH占的比例不超过第四阈值，则所述网络设备在当前竞争窗口CWp的基础上增大所述竞争窗口。
其它情况下，则所述网络设备将竞争窗口CWp调整为设为最小值CWmin,p。
可选的，所述第三阈值与所述第四阈值的和等于1。
在本实例中，不限定所述第三阈值与所述第一阈值的关系。示例性的，所述第一阈值大于所述第三阈值。
在一个实施方式中，所述第三阈值可以与现有技术中维护方法中的失败阈值80％相同或相近。相应的，所述第四阈值可以与现有技术中的成功阈值20％相同或相近。
由于所述网络设备可以在所述时间窗口D之后，维护竞争窗口，因此，所述网络设备该时间窗口可以作为所述网络设备接收应答响应的缓冲时间，由于所述网络设备在该时间窗口D之后，由时延导致网络设备未接收到的应答响应的较少，降低了因为将接收到DTX的PDSCH错误统计为传输失败的PDSCH，进而增加了竞争窗口数值的概率。该方法不会因为接收端不反馈NACK，导致竞争窗口数值无法增加以至于影响通信系统的信道接入公平性。
示例性的，所述第一阈值为90％，所述第二阈值为10％，所述第三阈值为80％，所述第四阈值为20％。参阅图4所示，所述网络设备在第x次下行数据传输过程中确定参考时间k，然后确定所述参考时间k对应的时间窗口D。为了突出对比，假设PDSCH#1的应答响应为ACK，PDSCH#2-PDSCH#4的应答响应为DTX，PDSCH5的应答响应为NACK。
当所述网络设备确定第x+1次下行数据传输过程的起始时间g在时间窗D内，那么所述网络设备根据接收到的PDSCH#1-PDSCH#5中的应答响应，维护所述竞争时间窗口数值。由于未接收到ACK的PDSCH占5个PDSCH中的比例为80％，未达到预设的90％，且接收到ACK的PDSCH占5个PDSCH中的比例为20％，超过预设的10％，因此，所述通信设备将竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值CWmin,p。
当所述网络设备确定第x+1次下行数据传输过程的起始时间g在时间窗D外，那么所述网络设备根据接收到的PDSCH#1-PDSCH#5中的应答响应，维护所述竞争时间窗口数值。由于未接收到ACK的PDSCH占5个PDSCH中的比例为80％，达到预设的80％，且接收到ACK的PDSCH占5个PDSCH中的比例为20％，超过预设的00％，因此，所述通信设备在当前竞争窗口数值CW0的基础上增加所述竞争窗口数值，即将竞争窗口数值调整为 CW1，其中，CW1>CW0。
实例三：场景同上述实例二，此处不再赘述。
所述网络设备根据PDSCH的资源配置，确定第x+1个下行数据传输过程的起始时间g。
当所述第x+1个下行数据传输过程的起始时间g在所述时间窗口D内，所述网络设备通过如下方法维护竞争窗口数值(对应图2所示的实施例中的使用第一规则的第二种实施方式)：
若所述N个PDSCH中所述网络设备接收到NACK的PDSCH占的比例超过第一阈值，则所述网络设备在当前的竞争窗口数值CWp的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值。
若所述N个PDSCH中所述网络设备收到ACK的PDSCH占的比例超过第二阈值，则所述网络设备将所述竞争窗口数值CWp调整为竞争窗口最小值CWmin,p。
其它情况下，则所述网络设备不调整所述竞争窗口数值CWp，即维持当前的竞争窗口数值CWp不变。
可选的，所述第一阈值与所述第二阈值的和等于1。
在一个实施方式中，所述第一阈值可以与现有技术中维护方法中的失败阈值80％相同或相近。相应的，所述第二阈值可以与现有技术中的成功阈值20％相同或相近。
当所述第x+1个下行数据传输的起始时间g在所述时间窗口D结束后，所述网络设备通过如下实例二中的方法维护竞争窗口，具体过程可以参见实例2，此处不再赘述。
示例性的，所述第一阈值为80％，所述第二阈值为20％，所述第三阈值为80％，所述第四阈值为20％。参阅图5所示，所述网络设备在第x次下行数据传输过程中确定参考时间k，然后确定所述参考时间k对应的时间窗口D。为了突出对比，假设PDSCH#2-PDSCH#3的应答响应为DTX，PDSCH4的应答响应为NACK。
当所述网络设备确定第x+1次下行数据传输过程的起始时间g在时间窗D内，那么所述网络设备根据接收到的所述参考时间k内发送的PDSCH#1-PDSCH#4中的应答响应，维护所述竞争时间窗口数值。由于接收到NACK的PDSCH占4个PDSCH中的比例为25％，未超过预设的80％，且接收到ACK的PDSCH占4个PDSCH中的比例为0％，未超过预设的20％，因此，所述网络设备不调整所述竞争窗口数值CW0，即维持当前的竞争窗口数值CW0不变。
当所述网络设备确定第x+1次下行数据传输过程的起始时间g在时间窗D结束后，那么所述网络设备根据接收到的所述参考时间k内发送的PDSCH#1-PDSCH#4中的应答响应，维护所述竞争时间窗口数值。由于未接收到ACK的PDSCH占4个PDSCH中的比例为100％，达到预设的80％，因此，所述通信设备在当前竞争窗口数值CW0的基础上增加所述竞争窗口数值，即将竞争窗口数值调整为CW1，其中，CW1>CW0。
实例四：场景同上述实例二，此处不再赘述。
所述网络设备根据PDSCH的资源配置，确定第x+1个下行数据传输过程的起始时间g。
当所述第x+1个下行数据传输过程的起始时间g在所述时间窗口D内，所述网络设备通过如下方法维护竞争窗口数值(对应图2所示的实施例中的使用第一规则的第三种实施 方式)：
若在接收到ACK和NACK的PDSCH中接收到NACK的PDSCH占的比例超过第一阈值，或者在接收到ACK和NACK的PDSCH中接收到ACK的PDSCH占的比例不超过第二阈值，则所述网络设备在当前的竞争窗口数值CWp的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值。
若所述网络设备没有接收到任一个PDSCH的ACK，也没有接收到任一个PDSCH的NACK，则所述网络设备不调整所述竞争窗口数值CWp，即维持当前的竞争窗口数值CWp不变。
其它情况下，所述网络设备将所述竞争窗口数值CWp调整为竞争窗口最小值CWmin,p。
可选的，所述第一阈值与所述第二阈值的和等于1。
当所述第x+1个下行数据传输的起始时间g在所述时间窗口D结束后，所述网络设备通过如下实例二中的方法维护竞争窗口，具体过程可以参见实例2，此处不再赘述。
示例性的，所述第一阈值为90％，所述第二阈值为10％，所述第三阈值为80％，所述第四阈值为20％。
继续以图4为例进行说明：
当所述网络设备确定第x+1次下行数据传输过程的起始时间g在时间窗D内，那么所述网络设备根据接收到的所述参考时间k内发送的PDSCH#1-PDSCH#4中的应答响应，维护所述竞争时间窗口数值。所述网络设备接收到PDSCH#1的ACK，且接收到PDSCH#5的NACK，即所述网络设备接收到2个PDSCH的有效应答响应；由于接收到ACK的PDSCH占2个PDSCH中的比例为50％，超过第二阈值，接收到NACK的PDSCH占2个PDSCH中的比例为50％，不超过第一阈值，因此，所述网络设备将所述竞争窗口数值CW0调整为竞争窗口最小值CWmin,p。
当所述网络设备确定第x+1次下行数据传输过程的起始时间g在时间窗D外，那么所述网络设备根据接收到的所述参考时间k内发送的PDSCH#1-PDSCH#5的应答响应，维护所述竞争时间窗口数值，所述通信设备在当前竞争窗口数值CW0的基础上增加所述竞争窗口数值，即将竞争窗口数值调整为CW1，其中，CW1>CW0。具体可以参考实例二，
实例五：场景同上述实例二，此处不再赘述。
所述网络设备根据PDSCH的资源配置，确定第x+1个下行数据传输过程的起始时间g。
当所述第x+1个下行数据传输过程的起始时间g在所述时间窗口D内，所述网络设备通过如下方法维护竞争窗口数值(对应图2所示的实施例中的使用第一规则的第四种实施方式)：
若在N个PDSCH中检测到DTX的PDSCH所占的比例超过第一阈值，或者接收到ACK和接收到NACK的PDSCH所占的比例不超过第二阈值，则所述网络设备在当前的竞争窗口数值CWp的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值。
其它情况下，所述网络设备所述竞争窗口数值CWp调整为竞争窗口最小值CWmin,p。
可选的，所述第一阈值与所述第二阈值的和等于1。
当所述第x+1个下行数据传输过程的起始时间g在所述时间窗口D结束后，所述网络设备通过如下方法维护竞争窗口数值(对应图2所示的实施例中的使用第二规则的第二种实施方式)：
若在N个PDSCH中检测到DTX的PDSCH所占的比例超过第三阈值，或者接收到ACK和接收到NACK的PDSCH所占的比例不超过第四阈值，则所述网络设备在当前的竞争窗口数值CWp的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值。
其它情况下，所述网络设备所述竞争窗口数值CWp调整为竞争窗口最小值CWmin,p。
可选的，所述第三阈值与所述第四阈值的和等于1。
通过对在时间窗口D内和结束后的两种维护竞争窗口的方法的描述可知，该两种方法实质原理相同。还需要说明的是，本实例不对第一阈值和第三阈值的大小关系进行限定，所述第一阈值可以大于、小于或者等于所述第三阈值，同理，所述第二阈值可以大于、小于或等于所述第四阈值。
由于相对于时间窗口结束后维护所述竞争窗口数值，在时间窗口D内维护所述竞争窗口数值留给应答响应的缓冲时间较短，因此由于接收端LBT失败或是其他情况导致所述通信设备未接收到的有效的应答响应数量较多，为了避免ACK或NACK应答响应由于时延导致通信设备无法收到，进而导致通信设备统计误差较大而将竞争窗口数值增大，在本实例中，可以设置第一阈值大于第三阈值，例如第一阈值为90％，所述第三阈值为80％。这样，可以在所述通信设备在时间窗口D内维护竞争窗口时，让增大竞争窗口数值的条件更严苛，从而降低增大竞争窗口数值的概率，进而保证所述通信设备的信道接入速度，最终保证所述通信设备的信道接入公平性。
实例六：场景同上述实例二，此处不再赘述。在本实例中，所述通信系统支持应答响应的多次反馈的情况下，终端设备具有多次应答响应反馈机会，例如，图6所示。
在所述网络设备在参考时间内发送PDSCH#1-PDSCH4之后，在时间窗口D内具有两次接收应答响应反馈机会。在第一次应答响应反馈机会中，所述网络设备未接收到PUCCH#1-PDSCH#3的应答响应，接收到PDSCH#4的NACK；在第二次应答响应反馈机会中，所述网络设备接收到PUCCH#1和PDSCH#2的ACK，未接收到PDSCH#3的应答响应。
当所述网络设备确定第x+1次下行数据传输过程的起始时间g在时间窗D结束后，那么所述网络设备根据最后一次接收到的PDSCH#1-PDSCH#4中的应答响应，维护所述竞争时间窗口数值。例如，当所述网络设备采用对应图2所示的实施例中的使用第二规则的第一种实施方式时，由于PDSCH#1和PDSCH#2的应答响应为ACK，PDSCH#3的应答响应为DTX，PDSCH#4的应答响应为NACK，在4个PDSCH中未收到ACK的PDSCH所占的比例为50％，未达到预设的80％，因此，所述通信设备将竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值CWmin,p。
实例七：场景同上述实例二，此处不再赘述。在本实例中，所述网络设备可以由即将执行的数据传输过程触发，持续维护竞争窗口数值，例如图7A-图7C所示。
网络设备针对第2次下行数据传输过程，在第1次下行数据传输过程中确定参考时间k1，以及确定参考时间k1对应的时间窗口D1。所述网络设备根据PDSCH的资源配置，确定第2次下行数据传输过程的起始时间在时间窗口D1内，所述网络设备根据在时间窗口D1内接收的PDSCH#1-PDSCH#4的应答响应，使用第一规则(如对应图2所示的实施例中的使用第一规则的第二种实施方式)维护竞争窗口数值。由于在4个PDSCH中接收 到ACK的PDSCH所占的比例没有超过设定阈值20％，且在4个PDSCH中接收到NACK的PDSCH所占的比例也没有超过80％，因此，所述网络设备维持当前竞争窗口数值CW0不变。所述网络设备在第2次下行数据传输过程中实际使用的竞争窗口数值为CW0。
所述网络设备在第2次下行数据传输过程中在传输PDSCH的同时还可以通知终端设备需要再次针对PDSCH#1～PDSCH#3反馈应答响应。因此在第2次下行数据传输过程结束之后，所述终端设备会针对PDSCH#1～PDSCH#3再次反馈应答响应，以及针对第2次数据传输过程中的发送的数据反馈应答响应。
参阅图7A-7B所示，在第2个下行数据传输结束之后，所述网络设备接收到PDSCH#1～PDSCH#3的应答响应均为NACK。在该情况下，所述网络设备重新使用第一规则(如对应图2所示的实施例中的使用第一规则的第二种实施方式)维护竞争窗口数值。由于在PDSCH PDSCH#1～PDSCH#4中接收到NACK的PDSCH所占的比例100％超过设定阈值80％，因此，说明在当前网络传输情况下，第2次下行数据传输过程应该使用的竞争窗口数值应该为在CW0的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值，即CW1。所述网络设备可以确定当前的竞争窗口数值应该为CW1。然后所述网络设备针对即将执行的第3次数据传输确定在第2次数据传输过程中确定参考时间k2，以及确定参考时间k2对应的时间窗口D2。
参阅图7A所示，所述网络设备根据PDSCH的资源配置，确定第3次下行数据传输过程的起始时间在时间窗口D2内，所述网络设备根据在时间窗口D2内接收的PDSCH#5和PDSCH#6的应答响应，继续使用第一规则(如对应图2所示的实施例中的使用第一规则的第二种实施方式)维护竞争窗口数值。其中PDSCH#5的应答响应为ACK，PDSCH#6的应答响应为DTX。由于在该两个PDSCH中接收到ACK的PDSCH所占的比例50％超过预设的20％，因此所述网络设备需要将竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值CWmin,p。所述网络设备在第3次下行数据传输过程中使用的竞争窗口数值为CWmin,p，如图中所示。
参阅图7B所示，所述网络设备根据PDSCH的资源配置，确定第3次下行数据传输过程的起始时间在时间窗口D2内，所述网络设备根据在时间窗口D2内接收的PDSCH#5和PDSCH#6的应答响应，继续使用第一规则(如对应图2所示的实施例中的使用第一规则的第二种实施方式)维护竞争窗口数值。其中PDSCH#5的应答响应为ACK，PDSCH#6的应答响应为DTX，由于两个PDSCH中接收到NACK的PDSCH所占的比例0％未超过预设的80％，且两个PDSCH中接收到ACK的PDSCH所占的比例0％也未超过预设的20％，因此，所述网络设备保持当前的竞争窗口数值CW1不变。所述网络设备在第3次下行数据传输过程中使用的竞争窗口数值为CW1，如图中所示。
参阅图7C所示，在第2个下行数据传输结束之后，所述网络设备接收到PDSCH#1～PDSCH#3的应答响应均为ACK。在该情况下，所述网络设备重新使用第一规则(如对应图2所示的实施例中的使用第一规则的第二种实施方式)维护竞争窗口数值。由于在PDSCH PDSCH#1～PDSCH#4中接收到ACK的PDSCH所占的比例750％超过设定阈值20％，因此，说明在当前网络传输情况下，第2次下行数据传输过程应该使用的竞争窗口数值应该为竞争窗口最小值CWmin,p。所述网络设备可以确定当前的竞争窗口数值应该为CWmin,p。然后所述网络设备针对即将执行的第3次数据传输确定在第2次数据传输过程中确定参考时间k2，以及确定参考时间k2对应的时间窗口D2。
继续参阅图7C所示，所述网络设备根据PDSCH的资源配置，确定第3次下行数据传输过程的起始时间在时间窗口D2结束后，所述网络设备根据在时间窗口D2内接收的 PDSCH#5和PDSCH#6的应答响应，继续使用第二规则(如对应图2所示的实施例中的使用第二规则的第一种实施方式)维护竞争窗口数值。其中PDSCH#5的应答响应和PDSCH#6的应答响应均为DTX，由于两个PDSCH中接收到NACK的PDSCH所占的比例100％超过预设的80％，因此，所述网络设备在当前的竞争窗口数值CWmin,p的基础上增大竞争窗口数值，增大后的竞争窗口数值为CW2。所述网络设备在第3次下行数据传输过程中使用的竞争窗口数值为CW2，如图中所示。
实例八：场景同上述实例二，此处不再赘述。在本实例中，所述网络设备可以基于时间窗口结束触发更新维护竞争窗口数值。当所述网络设备通过多次确定参考时间和参考时间对应的时间窗口，持续维护竞争窗口的数值，具体过程可以参阅图8所示。
当所述网络设备启动第1次下行数据传输过程时，启动第一计数器timer1(初始化为0，或者D1)。所述网络设备在所述第1次下行数据传输过程中确定参考时间k1，其中所述网络设备在所述参考时间k1内发送PDSCH#1-PDSCH#4。
在第1次下行数据传输过程中所述网络设备保存的竞争窗口数值为CW0，并一直持续到期望收到PDSCH#1-PDSCH#4的应答响应(PUCCH#1～PUCCH#4)的时刻(seg#1)。
由于所述网络设备接收到的PUCCH#1～PUCCH#3为DTX，PUCCH#4为NACK，且第一计数器尚未到达D1或0，因此网络设备不改变当前竞争窗口数值(保持CW0)直到timer1到达时间窗口边界(增长到D1，或者减少到0)(seg#2)。
因为在网络设备进行第2次下行数据传输过程之前进行LBT时，所述网络设备当前维护的竞争窗口数值为CW0，因此第2次下行数据传输过程使用的竞争窗口数值为CW0。
所述网络设备在第2次下行数据传输过程启动时，启动第二计数器timer2(初始化为0，或者D2)。由于竞争窗口数值在时间窗口D1内没有发生过改变，并且没有再次收到参考时间k1内的PDSCH对应的应答响应，因此从时间窗口D1的边界开始(seg#3)，所述网络设备根据PDSCH#1-PDSCH#4的应答响应，使用第一规则(例如图2所示的实施例中的使用第一规则的第二种实施方式)，将竞争窗口数值在当前竞争窗口CW0的基础上调整为下一高值CW1。
当所述网络设备再次接收到参考时间k1内的PDSCH的应答响应时，timer1已经过期，并且所述网络设备已经更新了竞争窗口数值，因此所述网络设备仍然保持的竞争窗口数值CW1不变(seg#4)。
当所述网络设备在检测到PUCCH#5和PUCCH#6为DTX时，由于参考时间k2对应的第二计数器timer2仍未过期，因此在seg#5中所述网络设备继续保持竞争窗口数值为CW1。当timer2过期之后(seg#6)，由于没有收到参考时间k2内PDSCH的应答响应，因此所述网络设备可以根据已经接收到PDSCH#5和PDSCHA#6的应答响应，使用第二规则(例如图2所示的实施例中国的使用第二规则的第一种实施方式)将竞争窗口数值从CW1调整为下一个更高值CW2。
由于所述网络设备在进行第3次下行传输之前进行LBT时，所述网络设备保存的当前竞争窗口数值为CW2，因此所述网络设备使用竞争窗口数值CW2进行LBT。
本申请还提供了另一种竞争窗口维护方法，该方法可以适用于如图1A和图1B所示的通信系统中，该方法涉及的通信设备可以为所述通信系统中的支持使用非授权频谱的采用 LBT机制进行信道竞争的网络设备或终端设备。本申请实施例适用于通信设备支持应答响应的多次反馈的场景。该方法的流程包括：
通信设备确定参考时间，其中，所述通信设备在所述第一参考时间内已发送N个参考数据，其中N为大于0的整数；
所述通信设备在所述参考时间之后，至少一次接收任一个第一参考数据的应答响应；
所述通信设备根据最后一次接收的每个参考数据的应答响应，维护竞争窗口数值。
在本实施例中，所述通信设备可以使用多种实施方式维护所述竞争窗口数值，具体可以参考图2所示的实施例中的第一规则中的四种实施方式以及第二规则对应的两种实施方式，此处不在赘述。
由于最后一次接收的每个参考数据的应答响应能够更准确地反映当前的网络传输状态，因此，所述通信设备根据最后一次接收的每个参考数据的应答响应，维护竞争窗口数值，可以提高确定的竞争窗口数值的准确性，从而可以在保证信道接入公平的情况下，降低通信设备的信道接入时延，以及降低由于不同通信设备选择相同的竞争窗口导致的数据传输碰撞的概率。
本申请还提供了又一种竞争窗口维护方法，该方法可以适用于如图1A和图1B所示的通信系统中，该方法涉及的通信设备可以为所述通信系统中的支持使用非授权频谱的采用LBT机制进行信道竞争的网络设备或终端设备。该方法的具体流程包括：
通信设备确定参考时间，其中，所述通信设备在所述第一参考时间内已发送N个参考数据，其中N为大于0的整数；
当在所述N个参考数据中第一目标参考数据所占的比例不超过第一阈值，或者在所述N个参考数据中第二目标参考数据所占的比例超过第二阈值时，所述通信设备在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值；
当在所述N个参考数据中第一目标参考数据所占的比例超过所述第一阈值，或者在所述N个参考数据中所述第二目标参考数据所占的比例不超过所述第二阈值时，所述通信设备调整所述竞争窗口数值为竞争窗口最小值；
其中，所述第一目标参考数据为所述通信设备接收到ACK的参考数据，所述第二目标参考数据为所述通信设备未接收到ACK的参考数据，即所述第二目标参考数据为所述通信设备接收到NACK和接收到DTX的参考数据。
其中，在本实施方式中，所述第一阈值与所述第二阈值的和等于1。
由于所述通信设备在收到所述N个参考数据的应答响应后即维护所述竞争窗口数值，那么由接收端LBT失败或是其他情况导致所述通信设备未收到的应答响应较多，那么所述通信设备在未接收到一些参考数据的ACK时，可能将这些参考数据错误统计为传输失败的参考数据，导致在原本应该将竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值的条件下，错误调整为增大所述竞争窗口数值，进而增加了通信设备的信道接入时延，最终影响了所述通信设备的信道接入公平性。
为了解决以上问题，相对于传统的维护方法中的失败阈值(例如80％)，所述第二阈值设置较高(例如90％)。这样，该方法可以让增大竞争窗口数值的条件更严苛，从而降低由于ACK应答响应时延导致所述通信设备增大竞争窗口数值的概率，进而保证所述通信设备的信道接入速度，最终保证所述通信设备的信道接入公平性。
本申请还提供了又一种竞争窗口维护方法，该方法可以适用于如图1A和图1B所示的通信系统中，该方法涉及的通信设备可以为所述通信系统中的支持使用非授权频谱的采用LBT机制进行信道竞争的网络设备或终端设备。由于传统的竞争窗口维护方法中，将接收到DTX的参考数据统计为接收失败的参考数据中，这种统计造成的误差会进一步导致确定的竞争窗口数值的误差，因此本申请实施例提供的方法中，通信设备不再将接收到DTX的参考数据统计为接收失败的参考数据。
在一个实施方式中，所述通信设备可以通过以下流程，维护竞争窗口数值：
通信设备确定参考时间，其中，所述通信设备在所述第一参考时间内已发送N个参考数据，其中N为大于0的整数；
当在所述N个参考数据中第一目标参考数据所占的比例超过第一阈值时，所述通信设备将竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值；
当在所述N个参考数据中第二目标参考数据所占的比例超过第二阈值时，所述通信设备在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值；
当在所述N个参考数据中第一目标参考数据所占的比例不超过所述第一阈值，且在所述N个参考数据中所述第二目标参考数据所占的比例不超过所述第二阈值时，所述通信设备不调整所述竞争窗口数值；
其中，所述第一目标参考数据为所述通信设备接收到ACK的参考数据，所述第二目标参考数据为所述通信设备接收到失败应答响应NACK的参考数据。
可选的，在本实施方式中，所述第一阈值与所述第二阈值的和等于1。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例并不对以上第一阈值和第二阈值的具体取值进行限定。示例性的，所述第一阈值可以设置为20％，所述第二阈值可以设置为80％。
由于所述通信设备在收到所述N个参考数据的应答响应后即维护所述竞争窗口数值，那么由接收端LBT失败或是其他情况导致所述通信设备未收到的应答响应较多，那么所述通信设备未接收到的应答响应可能为ACK，也可能为NACK。在本实施方式中，所述通信设备在维护竞争窗口数值时，仅考虑接收到ACK和NACK的参考数据，而不再统计接收到DTX的参考数据，这样，可以避免将由于延时导致未收到参考数据的ACK而将该第一参考数据错误统计到接收DTX的参考数据。由于接收到NACK的参考数据的数量小于或等于未接收到ACK的参考数据的数量，因此，即使所述第二阈值与现有技术中的失败阈值(例如80％)相同或相近，也可以让增大竞争窗口数值的条件更严苛，从而降低增大竞争窗口数值的概率，保证所述通信设备的信道接入速度，最终保证所述通信设备的信道接入公平性。
进一步的，所述第二阈值与现有技术中的失败阈值(例如80％)相同或相近，那么所述第一阈值与现有技术中的成功阈值(例如20％)相同或相近，因此，该实施方式可以保证将竞争窗口数值调整为最小值的条件不放宽，从而不增加将竞争窗口数值调整为最小值的概率，进而可以降低所述通信设备由于降低竞争窗口数值导致的数据传输碰撞的概率。
另外，在本实施方式中，将所述N个参考数据的应答响应既不满足增大竞争窗口数值的条件，也不满足降低竞争窗口数据的条件时，所述通信设备可以保持所述竞争窗口数值不变，这样，既可以保证通信设备的信道接入速度，也可以降低所述通信设备由于降低竞争窗口数值导致的数据传输碰撞的概率。
在另一个实施方式中，所述通信设备可以通过以下流程，维护竞争窗口数值：
通信设备确定参考时间，其中，所述通信设备在所述第一参考时间内已发送N个参考数据，其中N为大于0的整数；
当在所述N个参考数据中第一目标参考数据所占的比例不超过第一阈值时，所述通信设备不调整所述竞争窗口数值；
当在所述N个参考数据中所述第一目标参考数据所占的比例超过所述第一阈值时，所述通信设备通过以下步骤调整所述竞争窗口数值：
当在所述第一目标参考数据中第二目标参考数据所占的比例不超过第二阈值，或者在所述第一目标参考数据中第三目标参考数据所占的比例超过第三阈值时，所述通信设备在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值；
当在所述第一目标参考数据中所述第二目标参考数据所占的比例超过所述第二阈值，或者在所述第一目标参考数据中所述第三目标参考数据所占的比例不超过所述第三阈值时，所述通信设备将所述竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值；
其中，所述第一目标参考数据为所述通信设备接收到ACK的参考数据和接收到NACK的参考数据，所述第二目标参考数据为所述通信设备接收到ACK的参考数据，所述第三目标参考数据为所述通信设备接收到NACK的参考数据。
可选的，在本实施方式中，所述第二阈值与所述第三阈值的和等于1。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例并不对以上第二阈值和第三阈值的具体取值进行限定。
示例性的，所述第二阈值可以设置为20％，所述第三阈值可以设置为80％。
由于所述通信设备在收到所述N个参考数据的应答响应后即维护所述竞争窗口数值，那么由接收端LBT失败或是其他情况导致所述通信设备未收到的应答响应较多。当所述通信设备接收到的应答响应的参考数据(即上述第一目标参考数据)数量较低时，接收到ACK的参考数据在所述N个参考数据中的比例较小，若所述通信设备依然根据传统的方法，维护竞争窗口数值，那么所述通信设备较大概率会增大所述竞争窗口数值，进而增加了通信设备的信道接入时延，最终影响了所述通信设备的信道接入公平性。
为了解决上述问题，所述通信设备根据更能体现实际的ACK和NACK分布情况的以下两个比例：接收到ACK的参考数据在接收到ACK和NACK的参考数据中的比例，以及接收到NACK的参考数据在接收到ACK和NACK的第一参考数据中的比例，来判定增大所述竞争窗口数值还是将所述竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值，从而可以提高确定的所述竞争窗口数值的准确性。因此该实施方式既可以保证通信设备的信道接入速度，也可以降低所述通信设备由于降低竞争窗口数值导致的数据传输碰撞的概率。
另外，当所述通信设备接收到的应答响应的参考数据(即上述第一目标参考数据)数量过低时，即使上述两个比例，也无法准确地体现实际ACK和NACK分布情况，为了通信设备的信道接入速度，也可以降低所述通信设备由于降低竞争窗口数值导致的数据传输碰撞的概率，所述通信设备可以在该情况下维持所述竞争窗口数值不变。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例并不对以上第一阈值的具体取值进行限定。可选的，所述第五阈值可以设置为一个较低值，例如0％，1％等。
在另一个实施方式中，所述通信设备可以通过以下流程，维护竞争窗口数值：
通信设备确定参考时间，其中，所述通信设备在所述第一参考时间内已发送N个参考数据；
当在所述N个参考数据中第一目标参考数据所占的比例不超过第一阈值，或者在所述N个参考数据中第二目标参考数据所占的比例超过第二阈值时，所述通信设备在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值；
当在所述N个参考数据中所述第一目标参考数据所占的比例超过所述第一阈值，或者在所述N个参考数据中所述第二目标参考数据所占的比例不超过所述第二阈值时，所述通信设备将所述竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值；
其中，所述第一目标参考数据为所述通信设备接收到ACK的参考数据和接收到NACK的参考数据，所述第二目标参考数据为所述N个参考数据中所述通信设备未接收到ACK和NACK的参考数据，即所述第二目标参考数据为所述通信设备检测到DTX的参考数据。
可选的，在本实施方式中，所述第一阈值与所述第二阈值的和等于1。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例并不对以上第一阈值和第二阈值的具体取值进行限定。
示例性的，所述第一阈值可以设置为20％，所述第二阈值可以设置为80％。
由于所述通信设备在收到所述N个参考数据的应答响应后即维护所述竞争窗口数值，那么由时延或者接收端LBT失败导致所述通信设备未收到的应答响应较多，所述通信设备未收到应答响应可能是由于数据传输碰撞导致的。因此，当所述通信设备接收到的应答响应(ACK和NACK)的参考数据的数量较少，说明未接收到有效的应答响应(或接收到DTX)的参考数据的数量较多，那么出现数据传输碰撞的概率较大，因此，所述通信设备可以通过增大竞争窗口数值，以降低后续数据传输过程出现传输碰撞的概率。
对应的，当所述通信设备接收到的应答响应(ACK和NACK)的参考数据的数量较多，说明未接收到应答响应(或接收到DTX)的参考数据的数量较少，那么出现数据传输碰撞的概率较低，因此，所述通信设备可以将竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值，这样可以提高所述通信设备的信道接入速度。
基于以上实施例，本申请实施例提供了一种通信设备，该设备的结构如图9所示，包括通信单元901和处理单元902。所述通信设备900可以为支持使用非授权频谱的采用LBT机制进行信道竞争的网络设备或终端设备，并可以实现以上实施例中的竞争窗口维护方法。其中，所述终端设备和所述网络设备可以适用于如图1A和图1B所示的通信系统中。
可选的，当所述通信设备在实现图2所示的竞争窗口维护方法时，各个单元的功能如下：
通信单元901，用于接收和发送数据；
处理单元902，用于确定第一参考时间，其中，所述通信单元901在所述第一参考时间内已发送N个第一参考数据，所述N为大于0的整数；以及在第一时间窗口内，根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第一规则维护竞争窗口数值；在第一时间窗口之后，根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第二规则维护竞争窗口数值。
在一种实施方式中，所述处理单元902在第一时间窗口内，根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第一规则维护所述竞争窗口数值时，具体用于：
当在所述N个第一参考数据中第一目标参考数据所占的比例不超过第一阈值，或者在所述N个第一参考数据中第二目标参考数据所占的比例超过第二阈值时，在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值；
当在所述N个第一参考数据中第一目标参考数据所占的比例超过所述第一阈值，或者 在所述N个第一参考数据中所述第二目标参考数据所占的比例不超过所述第二阈值时，调整所述竞争窗口数值为竞争窗口最小值；
其中，所述第一目标参考数据为所述通信单元901接收到成功应答响应ACK的第一参考数据，所述第二目标参考数据为所述通信单元901未接收到ACK的第一参考数据。
在一种实施方式中，所述处理单元902在第一时间窗口内，根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第一规则维护所述竞争窗口数值时，具体用于：
当在所述N个第一参考数据中第一目标参考数据所占的比例超过第三阈值时，将所述竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值；
当在所述N个第一参考数据中第三目标参考数据所占的比例超过第四阈值时，在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值；
当在所述N个第一参考数据中第一目标参考数据所占的比例不超过所述第三阈值，且在所述N个第一参考数据中所述第三目标参考数据所占的比例不超过所述第四阈值时，不调整所述竞争窗口数值；
其中，所述第一目标参考数据为所述通信单元901接收到ACK的第一参考数据，所述第三目标参考数据为所述通信单元901接收到失败应答响应NACK的第一参考数据。
在一种实施方式中，所述处理单元902在第一时间窗口内，根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第一规则维护所述竞争窗口数值时，具体用于：
当在所述N个第一参考数据中第四目标参考数据所占的比例不超过第五阈值时，不调整所述竞争窗口数值；
当在所述N个第一参考数据中所述第四目标参考数据所占的比例超过所述第五阈值时，通过以下步骤调整所述竞争窗口数值：
当在所述第四目标参考数据中第一目标参考数据所占的比例不超过第六阈值，或者在所述第四目标参考数据中第三目标参考数据所占的比例超过第七阈值时，在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值；
当在所述第四目标参考数据中所述第一目标参考数据所占的比例超过所述第六阈值，或者在所述第四目标参考数据中所述第三目标参考数据所占的比例不超过所述第七阈值时，将所述竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值；
其中，所述第四目标参考数据为所述通信单元901接收到ACK的第一参考数据和接收到NACK的第一参考数据，所述第一目标参考数据为所述通信单元901接收到ACK的第一参考数据，所述第三目标参考数据为所述通信单元901接收到NACK的第一参考数据。
在一种实施方式中，所述处理单元902在第一时间窗口内，根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第一规则维护所述竞争窗口数值时，具体用于：
当在所述N个第一参考数据中第四目标参考数据所占的比例不超过第八阈值，或者在所述N个第一参考数据中第五目标参考数据所占的比例超过第九阈值时，在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值；
当在所述N个第一参考数据中所述第四目标参考数据所占的比例超过所述第八阈值，或者在所述N个第一参考数据中所述第五目标参考数据所占的比例不超过所述第九阈值时，将所述竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值；
其中，所述第四目标参考数据为所述通信单元901接收到ACK的第一参考数据和接收到NACK的第一参考数据，所述第五目标参考数据为所述N个第一参考数据中所述通 信单元901未接收到ACK和NACK的第一参考数据。
在一种实施方式中，所述处理单元902在第一时间窗口结束后，根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第二规则维护竞争窗口数值时，具体用于：
在所述第一时间窗口结束时，根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第二规则维护竞争窗口数值；或者
在所述第一时间窗口结束后，接收到至少一个第一参考数据的应答响应时，根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第二规则维护竞争窗口数值；或者
在所述第一时间窗口结束后，进行数据传输过程之前，根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第二规则维护竞争窗口数值。
在一种实施方式中，所述处理单元902在根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第二规则维护所述竞争窗口数值时，具体用于：
当在所述N个第一参考数据中第一目标参考数据所占的比例不超过第十阈值，或者在所述N个第一参考数据中第二目标参考数据所占的比例超过第十一阈值时，在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值；
当在所述N个第一参考数据中第一目标参考数据所占的比例超过所述第十阈值，或者在所述N个第一参考数据中所述第二目标参考数据所占的比例不超过所述第十一阈值时，调整所述竞争窗口数值为竞争窗口最小值；
其中，所述第一目标参考数据为所述通信单元901接收到成功应答响应ACK的第一参考数据，所述第二目标参考数据为所述通信单元901未接收到ACK的第一参考数据。
在一种实施方式中，所述处理单元902在根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第二规则维护所述竞争窗口数值时，具体用于：
当在所述N个第一参考数据中第四目标参考数据所占的比例不超过第十二阈值，或者在所述N个第一参考数据中第五目标参考数据所占的比例超过第十三阈值时，在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值；
当在所述N个第一参考数据中所述第四目标参考数据所占的比例超过所述第十二阈值，或者在所述N个第一参考数据中所述第五目标参考数据所占的比例不超过所述第十三阈值时，将所述竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值；
其中，所述第四目标参考数据为所述通信单元901接收到ACK的第一参考数据和接收到NACK的第一参考数据，所述第五目标参考数据为所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信单元901未接收到ACK和NACK的第一参考数据。
在一种实施方式中，所述处理单元902具体用于：通过所述通信单元901至少一次接收任一个第一参考数据的应答响应，并将最后一次接收的所述第一参考数据的应答响应作为所述第一参考数据最终的应答响应。
在一种实施方式中，所述第一时间窗口的起始时刻在所述第一参考时间之前或之后，其中，当所述第一时间窗口的起始时刻在所述第一参考时间之前时，所述第一时间窗口的结束时刻在所述第一参考时间之后；或者
所述第一时间窗口的起始时刻在所述第一参考时间所在的数据传输过程之后；或者
所述第一时间窗口的起始时刻在预设的目标时域资源之前或之后，其中，所述目标时域资源为预设的传输所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应使用的最早的时域资源。
在一种实施方式中，所述第一时间窗口的大小可以为预设的，或者为所述通信设备与 接收端约定的，或者为所述通信设备配置给所述接收端的，或者等于所述接收端等待所述通信设备调度应答响应的资源的最大时长。
在一种实施方式中，所述第一时间窗口通过计时器维护。
在一种实施方式中，所述第一参考时间位于第L个数据传输过程中，所述第一时间窗口与所述第一参考时间对应，其中，L为大于0的整数；所述处理单元902还用于：
确定第K参考时间，其中，所述第二参考时间位于所述L+K个数据传输过程中，所述通信单元901在所述第K参考时间内已发送M个第二参考数据，其中，M为大于0的整数，K为大于1的整数；
当在所述第K参考时间之后，通过所述通信单元901接收至少一个第K-Y参考数据的应答响应，所述第K-Y参考数据为在第K-Y参考时间内已发送的参考数据，所述第K-Y参考时间位于第L+K-Y个数传输过程中，Y为大于0且小于K的整数；
根据第L+K-Y个数据传输过程实际使用的竞争窗口，以及最后一次接收的每个第K-Y参考数据的应答响应，重新确定第L+K-Y+1个数据传输过程应该使用的竞争窗口数值；
根据前一个数据传输过程应该使用的竞争窗口数值，以及最后一次接收的所述前一个数据传输过程中的参考时间内已发送的参考数据的应答响应，确定后一个数据传输过程应该使用的竞争窗口数值；重复上述步骤，直至确定第L+K个数据传输过程应该使用的竞争窗口数值；
更新当前的竞争窗口数值为所述第L+K个数据传输过程应该使用的竞争窗口数值；
在所述第K参考时间对应的第K时间窗内，根据所述M个第二参考数据的应答响应，使用第一规则维护所述竞争窗口数值；
在所述第K参考时间对应的第K时间窗结束后，根据所述M个第二参考数据的应答响应，使用第二规则维护所述竞争窗口数值。
可选的，当所述通信设备在实现另一种竞争窗口维护方法时，各个单元的功能如下：
通信单元901，用于接收和发送数据；
处理单元902，用于确定参考时间，其中，所述通信单元901在所述第一参考时间内已发送N个参考数据，其中N为大于0的整数；在所述参考时间之后，至少一次接收任一个第一参考数据的应答响应；根据最后一次接收的每个参考数据的应答响应，维护竞争窗口数值。
可选的，当所述通信设备在实现另一种竞争窗口维护方法时，各个单元的功能如下：通信单元901，用于接收和发送数据；
处理单元902，用于确定参考时间，其中，所述通信单元901在所述第一参考时间内已发送N个参考数据，其中N为大于0的整数；当在所述N个参考数据中第一目标参考数据所占的比例超过第一阈值时，将竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值；当在所述N个参考数据中第二目标参考数据所占的比例超过第二阈值时，在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值；当在所述N个参考数据中第一目标参考数据所占的比例不超过所述第一阈值，且在所述N个参考数据中所述第二目标参考数据所占的比例不超过所述第二阈值时，不调整所述竞争窗口数值；
其中，所述第一目标参考数据为所述通信单元901接收到ACK的参考数据，所述第二目标参考数据为所述通信单元901接收到失败应答响应NACK的参考数据。
可选的，当所述通信设备在实现另一种竞争窗口维护方法时，各个单元的功能如下： 通信单元901，用于接收和发送数据；
处理单元902，用于确定参考时间，其中，所述通信单元901在所述第一参考时间内已发送N个参考数据，其中N为大于0的整数；当在所述N个参考数据中第一目标参考数据所占的比例不超过第一阈值时，不调整所述竞争窗口数值；当在所述N个参考数据中所述第一目标参考数据所占的比例超过所述第一阈值时，通过以下步骤调整所述竞争窗口数值：
当在所述第一目标参考数据中第二目标参考数据所占的比例不超过第二阈值，或者在所述第一目标参考数据中第三目标参考数据所占的比例超过第三阈值时，在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值；
当在所述第一目标参考数据中所述第二目标参考数据所占的比例超过所述第二阈值，或者在所述第一目标参考数据中所述第三目标参考数据所占的比例不超过所述第三阈值时，将所述竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值；
其中，所述第一目标参考数据为所述通信单元901接收到ACK的参考数据和接收到NACK的参考数据，所述第二目标参考数据为所述通信单元901接收到ACK的参考数据，所述第三目标参考数据为所述通信单元901接收到NACK的参考数据。
可选的，当所述通信设备在实现另一种竞争窗口维护方法时，各个单元的功能如下：通信单元901，用于接收和发送数据；
处理单元902，用于确定参考时间，其中，所述通信单元901在所述第一参考时间内已发送N个参考数据；当在所述N个参考数据中第一目标参考数据所占的比例不超过第一阈值，或者在所述N个参考数据中第二目标参考数据所占的比例超过第二阈值时，在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值；当在所述N个参考数据中所述第一目标参考数据所占的比例超过所述第一阈值，或者在所述N个参考数据中所述第二目标参考数据所占的比例不超过所述第二阈值时，将所述竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值；
其中，所述第一目标参考数据为所述通信单元901接收到ACK的参考数据和接收到NACK的参考数据，所述第二目标参考数据为所述N个参考数据中所述通信单元901未接收到ACK和NACK的参考数据。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中对模块的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)或处理器(processor)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
基于以上实施例，本申请实施例还提供了一种通信设备，所述通信设备可以为支持使 用非授权频谱的采用LBT机制进行信道竞争的网络设备或终端设备，并可以实现以上实施例中的竞争窗口维护方法。其中，所述终端设备和所述网络设备可以适用于如图1A和图1B所示的通信系统中。参阅图10所示，所述通信设备1000包括：收发器1001、处理器1002。可选的，所述通信设备1000还包括存储器1003。其中，所述收发器1001、所述处理器1002以及所述存储器1003之间相互连接。
可选的，所述收发器1001、所述处理器1002以及所述存储器1003之间通过总线1004相互连接。所述总线1004可以是外设部件互连标准(peripheral component interconnect，PCI)总线或扩展工业标准结构(extended industry standard architecture，EISA)总线等。所述总线可以分为地址总线、数据总线、控制总线等。为便于表示，图10中仅用一条粗线表示，但并不表示仅有一根总线或一种类型的总线。
所述收发器1001，用于接收和发送数据，实现与通信系统中的其他设备之间的通信。可选的，所述收发器1001可以通过射频装置和天线实现。
所述处理器1002，用于实现以上实施例中提供的竞争窗口维护方法中的通信设备的功能，具体可以参照以上实施例中的描述，此处不再赘述。
其中，处理器1002可以是中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)，网络处理器(network processor，NP)或者CPU和NP的组合等等。处理器1302还可以进一步包括硬件芯片。上述硬件芯片可以是专用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，可编程逻辑器件(programmable logic device，PLD)或其组合。上述PLD可以是复杂可编程逻辑器件(complex programmable logic device，CPLD)，现场可编程逻辑门阵列(field-programmable gate array，FPGA)，通用阵列逻辑(generic array logic，GAL)或其任意组合。处理器1002在实现上述功能时，可以通过硬件实现，当然也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。
所述存储器1003，用于存放程序指令等。具体地，程序指令可以包括程序代码，该程序代码包括计算机操作指令。存储器1003可能包含随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)，也可能还包括非易失性存储器(non-volatile memory)，例如至少一个磁盘存储器。处理器1002执行存储器1003所存放的程序指令，实现上述功能，从而实现上述实施例提供的竞争窗口维护方法。
基于以上实施例，本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机程序，当所述计算机程序在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行以上实施例提供的竞争窗口维护方法。
基于以上实施例，本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机存储介质，该计算机存储介质中存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被计算机执行时，使得计算机执行以上实施例提供的竞争窗口维护方法。
基于以上实施例，本申请实施例还提供了一种芯片，所述芯片用于读取存储器中存储的计算机程序，实现以上实施例提供的竞争窗口维护方法。
基于以上实施例，本申请实施例提供了一种芯片系统，该芯片系统包括处理器，用于支持计算机装置实现以上实施例中通信设备所涉及的功能。在一种可能的设计中，所述芯片系统还包括存储器，所述存储器用于保存该计算机装置必要的程序和数据。该芯片系统，可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
综上所述，本申请实施例提供了一种竞争窗口调整方法及设备。在该方法中，通信设 备可以在时间窗口内使用第一规则维护竞争窗口的大小。这样，所述通信设备为接收应答响应设置一定的缓冲时间(即时间窗口)，在该缓冲时间内，通信设备采用与现有技术不同的第一规则维护竞争窗口数值，从而可以提高通信设备维护竞争窗口数值的灵活性，和确定所述竞争窗口数值的准确性。另外，在该缓冲时间结束后，经过缓冲时间内由时延导致通信设备未接收到的应答响应较少，因此可以提高所述通信设备采用第二规则维护竞争窗口数值时，确定所述竞争窗口数值的准确性。综上，该方法可以提高通信设备确定竞争窗口的准确性，因此，该方法可以在保证信道接入公平的情况下，降低通信设备的信道接入时延，以及降低由于不同通信设备选择相同的竞争窗口导致的数据传输碰撞的概率。
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本申请的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此，本申请可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本申请可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器、CD-ROM、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本申请是参照根据本申请的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的精神和范围。这样，倘若本申请的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (28)

  1. 一种竞争窗口维护方法，其特征在于，包括：
    所述通信设备在第一时间窗口内，根据所述通信设备在第一参考时间内已发送的N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第一规则维护竞争窗口数值，其中所述N为大于0的整数。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述通信设备在第一时间窗口内，根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第一规则维护所述竞争窗口数值，包括：
    当在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备接收到应答响应ACK的第一参考数据所占的比例不超过第一阈值，或者在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备未接收到ACK的第一参考数据所占的比例超过第二阈值时，所述通信设备在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值；
    当在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据所占的比例超过所述第一阈值，或者在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备未接收到ACK的第一参考数据所占的比例不超过所述第二阈值时，所述通信设备调整所述竞争窗口数值为竞争窗口最小值。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述通信设备在第一时间窗口内，根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第一规则维护所述竞争窗口数值，包括：
    当在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据所占的比例超过第三阈值时，所述通信设备将所述竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值；
    当在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备接收到否定应答NACK的第一参考数据所占的比例超过第四阈值时，所述通信设备在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值；
    当在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据所占的比例不超过所述第三阈值，且在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备接收到NACK的第一参考数据所占的比例不超过所述第四阈值时，所述通信设备不调整所述竞争窗口数值。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述通信设备在第一时间窗口内，根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第一规则维护所述竞争窗口数值，包括：
    当在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据和接收到NACK的第一参考数据所占的比例不超过第五阈值时，所述通信设备不调整所述竞争窗口数值；
    当在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据和接收到NACK的第一参考数据所占的比例超过所述第五阈值时，所述通信设备通过以下步骤调整所述竞争窗口数值：
    当在所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据和接收到NACK的第一参考数据中所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据所占的比例不超过第六阈值，或者在所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据和接收到NACK的第一参考数据中所述通信设备接收到NACK的第一参考数据所占的比例超过第七阈值时，所述通信设备在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值；
    当在所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据和接收到NACK的第一参考数据中所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据所占的比例超过所述第六阈值，或者在所述通信 设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据和接收到NACK的第一参考数据中所述通信设备接收到NACK的第一参考数据所占的比例不超过所述第七阈值时，所述通信设备将所述竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述通信设备在第一时间窗口内，根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第一规则维护所述竞争窗口数值，包括：
    当在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据和接收到NACK的第一参考数据所占的比例不超过第八阈值，或者在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备未接收到ACK和NACK的第一参考数据所占的比例超过第九阈值时，所述通信设备在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值；
    当在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据和接收到NACK的第一参考数据所占的比例超过所述第八阈值，或者在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备未接收到ACK和NACK的第一参考数据所占的比例不超过所述第九阈值时，所述通信设备将所述竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值。
  6. 如权利要求1-5任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述通信设备在第一时间窗口之后，根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第二规则维护竞争窗口数值。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述通信设备在第一时间窗口之后，根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第二规则维护竞争窗口数值，包括：
    所述通信设备在所述第一时间窗口结束时，根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第二规则维护竞争窗口数值；或者
    所述通信设备在所述第一时间窗口结束后，接收到至少一个第一参考数据的应答响应时，根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第二规则维护竞争窗口数值；或者
    所述通信设备在所述第一时间窗口结束后，进行数据传输过程之前，根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第二规则维护竞争窗口数值。
  8. 如权利要求6或7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述通信设备根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第二规则维护所述竞争窗口数值，包括：
    当在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据所占的比例不超过第十阈值，或者在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备未接收到ACK的第一参考数据所占的比例超过第十一阈值时，所述通信设备在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值；
    当在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据所占的比例超过所述第十阈值，或者在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备未接收到ACK的第一参考数据所占的比例不超过所述第十一阈值时，所述通信设备调整所述竞争窗口数值为竞争窗口最小值。
  9. 如权利要求6或7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述通信设备根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第二规则维护所述竞争窗口数值，包括：
    当在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据和接收到NACK的第一参考数据所占的比例不超过第十二阈值，或者在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备未接收到ACK和NACK的第一参考数据所占的比例超过第十三阈值时，所述通信设备在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值；
    当在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据和接收到NACK的第一参考数据所占的比例超过所述第十二阈值，或者在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备未接收到ACK和NACK的第一参考数据所占的比例不超过所述第十三阈值时，所述通信设备将所述竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值。
  10. 如权利要求1-9任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述通信设备至少一次接收任一个第一参考数据的应答响应，并将最后一次接收的所述第一参考数据的应答响应作为所述第一参考数据最终的应答响应。
  11. 如权利要求1-10任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第一时间窗口的起始时刻在所述第一参考时间之前或之后，其中，当所述第一时间窗口的起始时刻在所述第一参考时间之前时，所述第一时间窗口的结束时刻在所述第一参考时间之后；或者
    所述第一时间窗口的起始时刻在所述第一参考时间所在的数据传输过程之后；或者
    所述第一时间窗口的起始时刻在预设的目标时域资源之前或之后，其中，所述目标时域资源为预设的传输所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应使用的最早的时域资源。
  12. 如权利要求1-11任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第一时间窗口的大小可以为预设的，或者为所述通信设备与接收端约定的，或者为所述通信设备配置给所述接收端的，或者等于所述接收端等待所述通信设备调度应答响应的资源的最大时长。
  13. 如权利要求1-12任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一时间窗口通过计时器维护。
  14. 如权利要求1-13任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一参考时间位于第L个数据传输过程中，所述第一时间窗口与所述第一参考时间对应，其中，L为大于0的整数；所述方法还包括：
    当在第K参考时间之后，所述通信设备接收至少一个第K-Y参考数据的应答响应，所述第K-Y参考数据为在第K-Y参考时间内已发送的参考数据，所述第K-Y参考时间位于第L+K-Y个数传输过程中，Y为大于0且小于K的整数，其中，所述第K参考时间位于所述L+K个数据传输过程中，所述通信设备在所述第K参考时间内已发送M个第二参考数据，其中，M为大于0的整数，K为大于1的整数；
    所述通信设备根据第L+K-Y个数据传输过程实际使用的竞争窗口，以及最后一次接收的每个第K-Y参考数据的应答响应，重新确定第L+K-Y+1个数据传输过程应该使用的竞争窗口数值；
    所述通信设备根据前一个数据传输过程应该使用的竞争窗口数值，以及最后一次接收的所述前一个数据传输过程中的参考时间内已发送的参考数据的应答响应，确定后一个数据传输过程应该使用的竞争窗口数值；重复上述步骤，直至确定第L+K个数据传输过程应该使用的竞争窗口数值；
    所述通信设备更新当前的竞争窗口数值为所述第L+K个数据传输过程应该使用的竞争窗口数值；
    所述通信设备在所述第K参考时间对应的第K时间窗内，根据所述M个第二参考数据的应答响应，使用第一规则维护所述竞争窗口数值。
  15. 一种通信设备，其特征在于，包括：
    收发器，用于接收和发送数据；
    处理器，用于在第一时间窗口内，根据所述收发器在第一参考时间内已发送的N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第一规则维护竞争窗口数值，其中所述N为大于0的整数。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的通信设备，其特征在于，所述处理器在第一时间窗口内，根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第一规则维护所述竞争窗口数值时，具体用于：
    当在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备接收到应答响应ACK的第一参考数据所占的比例不超过第一阈值，或者在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备未接收到ACK的第一参考数据所占的比例超过第二阈值时，在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值；
    当在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据所占的比例超过所述第一阈值，或者在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备未接收到ACK的第一参考数据所占的比例不超过所述第二阈值时，调整所述竞争窗口数值为竞争窗口最小值。
  17. 如权利要求15所述的通信设备，其特征在于，所述处理器在第一时间窗口内，根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第一规则维护所述竞争窗口数值时，具体用于：
    当在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据所占的比例超过第三阈值时，将所述竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值；
    当在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备接收到否定应答NACK的第一参考数据所占的比例超过第四阈值时，在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值；
    当在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据所占的比例不超过所述第三阈值，且在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备接收到NACK的第一参考数据所占的比例不超过所述第四阈值时，不调整所述竞争窗口数值。
  18. 如权利要求15所述的通信设备，其特征在于，所述处理器在第一时间窗口内，根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第一规则维护所述竞争窗口数值时，具体用于：
    当在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据和接收到NACK的第一参考数据所占的比例不超过第五阈值时，不调整所述竞争窗口数值；
    当在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据和接收到NACK的第一参考数据所占的比例超过所述第五阈值时，通过以下步骤调整所述竞争窗口数值：
    当在所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据和接收到NACK的第一参考数据中所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据所占的比例不超过第六阈值，或者在所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据和接收到NACK的第一参考数据中所述通信设备接收到NACK的第一参考数据所占的比例超过第七阈值时，在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值；
    当在所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据和接收到NACK的第一参考数据中所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据所占的比例超过所述第六阈值，或者在所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据和接收到NACK的第一参考数据中所述通信设备接收到NACK的第一参考数据所占的比例不超过所述第七阈值时，将所述竞争窗口数值调整为竞 争窗口最小值。
  19. 如权利要求15所述的通信设备，其特征在于，所述处理器在第一时间窗口内，根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第一规则维护所述竞争窗口数值时，具体用于：
    当在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据和接收到NACK的第一参考数据所占的比例不超过第八阈值，或者在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备未接收到ACK和NACK的第一参考数据所占的比例超过第九阈值时，在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值；
    当在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据和接收到NACK的第一参考数据所占的比例超过所述第八阈值，或者在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备未接收到ACK和NACK的第一参考数据所占的比例不超过所述第九阈值时，将所述竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值。
  20. 如权利要求15-19任一项所述的通信设备，其特征在于，所述处理器还用于在第一时间窗口之后，根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第二规则维护竞争窗口数值。
  21. 如权利要求20所述的通信设备，其特征在于，所述处理器在第一时间窗口之后，根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第二规则维护竞争窗口数值时，具体用于：
    在所述第一时间窗口结束时，根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第二规则维护竞争窗口数值；或者
    在所述第一时间窗口结束后，接收到至少一个第一参考数据的应答响应时，根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第二规则维护竞争窗口数值；或者
    在所述第一时间窗口结束后，进行数据传输过程之前，根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第二规则维护竞争窗口数值。
  22. 如权利要求20或21所述的通信设备，其特征在于，所述处理器在根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第二规则维护所述竞争窗口数值时，具体用于：
    当在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据所占的比例不超过第十阈值，或者在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备未接收到ACK的第一参考数据所占的比例超过第十一阈值时，在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值；
    当在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据所占的比例超过所述第十阈值，或者在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备未接收到ACK的第一参考数据所占的比例不超过所述第十一阈值时，调整所述竞争窗口数值为竞争窗口最小值。
  23. 如权利要求20或21所述的通信设备，其特征在于，所述处理器在根据所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应，使用第二规则维护所述竞争窗口数值时，具体用于：
    当在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据和接收到NACK的第一参考数据所占的比例不超过第十二阈值，或者在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备未接收到ACK和NACK的第一参考数据所占的比例超过第十三阈值时，在当前竞争窗口数值的基础上增大所述竞争窗口数值；
    当在所述N个第一参考数据中所述通信设备接收到ACK的第一参考数据和接收到NACK的第一参考数据所占的比例超过所述第十二阈值，或者在所述N个第一参考数据中 所述通信设备未接收到ACK和NACK的第一参考数据所占的比例不超过所述第十三阈值时，将所述竞争窗口数值调整为竞争窗口最小值。
  24. 如权利要求15-23任一项所述的通信设备，其特征在于，
    所述处理器具体用于：通过所述收发器至少一次接收任一个第一参考数据的应答响应，并将最后一次接收的所述第一参考数据的应答响应作为所述第一参考数据最终的应答响应。
  25. 如权利要求15-24任一项所述的通信设备，其特征在于，
    所述第一时间窗口的起始时刻在所述第一参考时间之前或之后，其中，当所述第一时间窗口的起始时刻在所述第一参考时间之前时，所述第一时间窗口的结束时刻在所述第一参考时间之后；或者
    所述第一时间窗口的起始时刻在所述第一参考时间所在的数据传输过程之后；或者
    所述第一时间窗口的起始时刻在预设的目标时域资源之前或之后，其中，所述目标时域资源为预设的传输所述N个第一参考数据的应答响应使用的最早的时域资源。
  26. 如权利要求15-25任一项所述的通信设备，其特征在于，
    所述第一时间窗口的大小可以为预设的，或者为所述通信设备与接收端约定的，或者为所述通信设备配置给所述接收端的，或者等于所述接收端等待所述通信设备调度应答响应的资源的最大时长。
  27. 如权利要求15-26任一项所述的通信设备，其特征在于，所述第一时间窗口通过计时器维护。
  28. 如权利要求15-27任一项所述的通信设备，其特征在于，所述第一参考时间位于第L个数据传输过程中，所述第一时间窗口与所述第一参考时间对应，其中，L为大于0的整数；所述处理器还用于：
    当在第K参考时间之后，通过所述收发器接收至少一个第K-Y参考数据的应答响应，所述第K-Y参考数据为在第K-Y参考时间内已发送的参考数据，所述第K-Y参考时间位于第L+K-Y个数传输过程中，Y为大于0且小于K的整数，其中，所述第K参考时间位于所述L+K个数据传输过程中，所述收发器在所述第K参考时间内已发送M个第二参考数据，其中，M为大于0的整数，K为大于1的整数；
    根据第L+K-Y个数据传输过程实际使用的竞争窗口，以及最后一次接收的每个第K-Y参考数据的应答响应，重新确定第L+K-Y+1个数据传输过程应该使用的竞争窗口数值；
    根据前一个数据传输过程应该使用的竞争窗口数值，以及最后一次接收的所述前一个数据传输过程中的参考时间内已发送的参考数据的应答响应，确定后一个数据传输过程应该使用的竞争窗口数值；重复上述步骤，直至确定第L+K个数据传输过程应该使用的竞争窗口数值；
    更新当前的竞争窗口数值为所述第L+K个数据传输过程应该使用的竞争窗口数值；
    在所述第K参考时间对应的第K时间窗内，根据所述M个第二参考数据的应答响应，使用第一规则维护所述竞争窗口数值。
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