WO2021027271A1

WO2021027271A1 - Bad block information protection method and apparatus, computer device and storage medium

Info

Publication number: WO2021027271A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/076781
Authority: WO
Inventors: 杨学森; 李建; 秦龙华
Original assignee: 深圳忆联信息系统有限公司
Priority date: 2019-08-15
Filing date: 2020-02-26
Publication date: 2021-02-18
Also published as: CN110471625B; CN110471625A

Abstract

A bad block information protection method and apparatus, a computer device and a storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: checking whether a bad block table and a backup thereof are completely damaged (S110); if the both are completely damaged, traversing all super blocks to obtain local bad block information stored in the super blocks (S120); and restoring bad block information of all the super blocks according to all the local bad block information (S130). After an SSD is powered on, if the bad block table and the backup thereof are completely damaged, by traversing all super blocks, local bad block information is read from a backup area of a first storage page of a first storage block of all the super blocks, and normal and bad block information of all the super blocks is obtained according to the local bad block information, thereby protecting bad block information of the SSD, and accurately determining whether the storage blocks can be used.

Description

Bad block information protection method, device, computer equipment and storage medium

This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application filed at the Chinese Patent Office on August 15, 2019, with the application number 201910751842.3, and the invention title "Bad block information protection method, device, computer equipment and storage medium", all of which The content is incorporated in this application by reference.

Technical field

This application relates to the technical field of solid state hard disks, and in particular to a method, device, computer equipment and storage medium for protecting bad block information.

Background technique

During SSD (Solid State Drives) card opening process and during normal operation, bad blocks will be generated. Bad blocks are the broken and no longer used storage blocks generated during SSD card opening or operation. The generated bad block information will be recorded on a bad block table. The bad block table is used to determine whether the storage block can be used, which plays a vital role in the normal operation of the SSD. In order to prevent the bad block information from being destroyed, the bad block table generally has two to three backups, which are stored in different storage blocks on the nand flash memory. If the original bad block table is damaged, the bad block information can be restored through the backup of the bad block table.

The existing solution is to distribute the bad block table and its backup to two to three storage blocks of the nand flash memory. If it happens that all the storage blocks that record the bad block table are damaged, the bad block table that records the bad block information is also lost. Without bad block information, the consistency of the data may be destroyed. After the bad block table and all its backups are lost, if part of the bad block information can be recovered, it will have a positive impact on data consistency. However, due to some abnormal reasons, all the bad block tables are damaged or lost, then all the bad block information is lost, and the SSD cannot distinguish the quality of the memory card, which may cause data consistency errors.

Summary of the invention

technical problem

One of the objectives of the embodiments of this application is to provide a method, device, computer equipment, and storage medium for protecting bad block information, which aims to solve the problem that due to the loss of bad block information, the SSD cannot distinguish between the quality of the memory card and easily cause data consistency. Wrong question.

The solution to the problem

Technical solutions

In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of this application are:

In a first aspect, a method for protecting bad block information is provided, and the method includes:

Check whether the bad block table and its backup are completely damaged;

If it is completely damaged, traverse all super blocks to obtain the local bad block information stored in the super block;

Restore the bad block information of all super blocks according to all the local bad block information.

In a second aspect, a device for protecting bad block information is provided, and the device includes:

The detection unit is used to detect whether the bad block table and its backup are completely damaged;

The acquisition unit is used to detect that the bad block table and its backup are completely damaged, traverse all super blocks, and obtain the local bad block information stored in the super block;

The recovery unit is used to recover the bad block information of all super blocks according to all the local bad block information.

In a third aspect, a computer device is provided, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program that is stored in the memory and can run on the processor, and the processor implements the bad block described in the first aspect when the processor executes the computer program Information protection method steps.

In a fourth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the bad block information protection method described in the first aspect are implemented.

The bad block information protection method, device, computer equipment, and storage medium provided by the embodiments of the application have the following beneficial effects: after the SSD is powered on, when the bad block table and its backup are all damaged, the application traverses all the super blocks, The backup area of the first storage page of the first storage block of all super blocks reads the local bad block information, and obtains the good or bad information of all the super blocks through the partial bad block information, thereby protecting the bad block information of the SSD, which is accurate Determine whether the storage block can be used.

The beneficial effects of the invention

Brief description of the drawings

Description of the drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the application of the bad block information protection method provided by an embodiment of the application;

2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for protecting bad block information according to an embodiment of the application;

3 is a schematic flowchart of a method for protecting bad block information according to another embodiment of this application;

4 is a schematic diagram of a sub-flow of a method for protecting bad block information according to another embodiment of this application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a bad block information protection device provided by an embodiment of this application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of a device for protecting bad block information according to another embodiment of this application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of a pre-storage unit of a device for protecting bad block information according to another embodiment of this application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of a computer device provided by an embodiment of the application.

Invention embodiment

Embodiments of the invention

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following further describes this application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the application, and not used to limit the application.

Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the application of the bad block information protection method provided by an embodiment of this application. FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for protecting bad block information according to an embodiment of the application.

FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for protecting bad block information according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Fig. 2, the method includes steps S110 to S130.

S110: Detect whether the bad block table and its backup are completely damaged.

As shown in Figure 1, in this embodiment, the nand flash memory is composed of many storage blocks (block), each storage block contains many storage pages (page), each storage page is divided into a spare area (spare) and main Area (main), the main area stores user data, the spare area generally stores the system management data of the SSD, and the bad block table can be stored in the spare area.

During the SSD card opening process and during normal operation, bad blocks will be generated, and the information of these bad blocks will be recorded on a bad block table. In order to prevent the bad block information from being destroyed, the bad block table generally has two to three backups, which are stored in different storage blocks on the Nand flash memory. If the original bad block table is damaged, you can use the bad block table to The backups in other different storage blocks restore the bad block information to ensure the consistency of the data in the SSD.

Therefore, when recovering bad block information, as long as there is a good backup of the bad block table, the bad block information of all storage blocks can be directly restored through the backup. If due to abnormal reasons, all the bad block tables and corresponding backups are correspondingly damaged, then the bad block information cannot be restored according to the existing scheme. Therefore, when restoring bad block information in this application, it is necessary to first detect whether the bad block table and its backup are completely damaged, and perform subsequent recovery operations when it is completely damaged. If the bad block table and its backup are not completely damaged, then follow The undamaged backup directly restores the bad block information to ensure the normal use of the SSD.

S120: If the bad block table and its backup are completely damaged, all super blocks are traversed to obtain local bad block information stored in the super block.

In this embodiment, a super block is a collection of multiple storage blocks that can be read and written in parallel. During card opening or operation of the system, any storage block in the super block may change from a good block to a bad block. If all the storage blocks in the super block become bad blocks, this super block is a bad super block and can no longer be used. It is necessary to record the good and bad information corresponding to the super block, and writing in the bad super block is not allowed data.

Therefore, after storing the bad block table and its backup in the nand flash memory, this solution further records the quality information of the super block in the adjacent super block, and records the quality of the super block in a local range in multiple super blocks. Then, the complete record of the good and bad information of all super blocks is stored in multiple different super blocks, and the good and bad information of all super blocks can be obtained by integrating the good and bad information stored in different super blocks. Ensure the data consistency of SSD.

Specifically, any super block is selected as the center, and the quality information of all super blocks whose distance from this super block is less than or equal to 2 is recorded in a range table (local range bad super block table). Range table is a bitmap containing 5 bits (bits). Each bit corresponds to a specific super block for recording. If a bit is set to 1, it means that the super block at the corresponding position is bad; on the contrary, if a bit One bit is set to 0, indicating that the super block at the corresponding position is good.

For example, the quality information of the selected central super block is recorded in the middle position of the bitmap, which is the second position. The quality information of the super block in the direction of decreasing number is recorded in the 1st and 0th bits of the bitmap. Similarly, the quality information of the super block in the direction of increasing number is recorded in the 3rd and 4th bits of the bitmap. As shown in Figure 1, there are super blocks with super block 7 as the center and within 2 distances: super block 5, super block 6, super block 7, super block 8, and super block 9. Fill in their good and bad information in turn. Enter the range table, and then write the range table to the backup area of the first storage page of the first storage block of super block 7.

S130: Restore the bad block information of all super blocks according to all the local bad block information.

In this embodiment, each super block that can write data records the quality information of adjacent super blocks, and all the quality information obtained removes the repeated parts, and the quality of all super blocks in the nand flash memory can be obtained. information. That is, after the bad block table and its backup saved in the conventional scheme are all lost, the bad block information of the SSD can be directly obtained according to all the local bad block information.

This application reads the local bad block information from the backup area of the first storage page of the first storage block of all super blocks by traversing all super blocks when the bad block table and its backup are all damaged after the SSD is powered on , Obtain the good and bad information of all super blocks through the local bad block information, thereby protecting the bad block information of the SSD, and accurately judging whether the storage block can be used.

FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a method for protecting bad block information according to another embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 3, the bad block information protection method of this embodiment includes steps S210-S240. The steps S220-S240 are similar to the steps S110-S130 in the foregoing embodiment, and will not be repeated here. The step S210 added in this embodiment will be described in detail below.

S210. Pre-store the quality information of any super block in a super block within a set range.

In this embodiment, after the NAND flash memory saves the bad block table and its backup, it further records the quality information of the super block in the adjacent super block, and records the quality of the super block in a local range in multiple super blocks. Bad information, and then store a complete record of the good and bad information of all super blocks in multiple different super blocks, and then integrate the good and bad information stored in different super blocks to get the good and bad information of all super blocks , To ensure the data consistency of the SSD.

Referring to FIG. 4, in an embodiment, step S210 includes steps S211-S215.

S211. Number the super blocks in sequence according to their positions, and the number difference between adjacent super blocks is 1.

In one embodiment, the super blocks are sequentially numbered according to the positions of the super blocks, and the specific numbers are numbered starting from 0, the number difference between adjacent super blocks is 1, and the super blocks are sequentially numbered 0, 1, 2, 3... n. Subsequently, the location of the super block can be judged according to the super block number, and at the same time, the quality information of a specific super block can be determined according to the number.

S212. Set the difference between the numbers of any two super blocks as the distance between the two super blocks.

In one embodiment, after the numbers are numbered, the distance between any two super blocks is defined to be equal to the difference of the corresponding numbers. For example, the distance between the number 6 super block and the number 9 super block corresponds to 3, and the number 6 super block The distance between the block and the super block numbered 5 is 1, and we can clearly understand the super block adjacent to any super block through the distance data, so that the quality information of the super block can be recorded in the adjacent super block.

S213. Select a super block in turn as the central super block.

In one embodiment, a super block is selected as the central super block, and the quality information of the super block within a certain distance is obtained with the super block as the center, and the quality information of the neighboring super blocks is stored. By sequentially selecting all available super blocks as the central super block, the quality information of all super blocks is recorded.

S214. Obtain good or bad information about the super block whose distance from the central super block is less than or equal to 2.

S215. Pre-store the corresponding good or bad information in the central super block as the local bad block information.

In one embodiment, for steps S214 and S215, any super block is selected as the center, and the quality information of all super blocks whose distance from this super block is less than or equal to 2 is recorded in a range table (local range bad super block table) )in. Range table is a bitmap containing 5 bits (bits). Each bit corresponds to a specific super block for recording. If a bit is set to 1, it means that the super block at the corresponding position is bad; on the contrary, if a bit One bit is set to 0, indicating that the super block at the corresponding position is good.

Step S215 is specifically: recording the super block quality information in the local range bad super block table in the central super block as the local bad block information.

Fig. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a bad block information protection device provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 5, corresponding to the above bad block information protection method, this application also provides a bad block information protection device. The bad block information protection device includes a unit for executing the above bad block information protection method, and the device can be configured in a desktop computer, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, and other terminals. Specifically, referring to FIG. 5, the device for protecting bad block information includes a detecting unit 10, an acquiring unit 20, and a restoring unit 30.

The detection unit 10 is used to detect whether the bad block table and its backup are completely damaged.

In this embodiment, the nand flash memory is composed of many storage blocks, each storage block contains many storage pages (page), each storage page is divided into a spare area (spare) and a main area (main), the main The area stores user data, the spare area generally stores the system management data of the SSD, and the bad block table can be stored in the spare area.

Therefore, when recovering bad block information, as long as there is a good backup of the bad block table, the bad block information of all storage blocks can be directly restored through the backup. If due to abnormal reasons, all bad block tables and corresponding backups are correspondingly damaged, then the bad block information cannot be restored according to the existing scheme. Therefore, when restoring bad block information in this application, it is necessary to first detect whether the bad block table and its backup are completely damaged, and perform subsequent recovery operations when it is completely damaged. If the bad block table and its backup are not completely damaged, then follow The undamaged backup directly restores the bad block information to ensure the normal use of the SSD.

The obtaining unit 20 is used to detect that the bad block table and its backup are completely damaged, traverse all the super blocks, and obtain the partial bad block information stored in the super block.

The recovery unit 30 is configured to recover the bad block information of all super blocks according to all the local bad block information.

FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of a bad block information protection device provided by another embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 6, the bad block information protection device of this embodiment adds a pre-storage unit 40 on the basis of the foregoing embodiment.

The pre-storage unit 40 is used to pre-store the quality information of any super block in a super block within a set range.

Referring to FIG. 7, in one embodiment, the pre-storage unit 40 includes a numbering module 41, a distance defining module 42, a center selection module 43, an information acquisition module 44, and an information storage module 45.

The numbering module 41 is used to sequentially number the super blocks according to their positions, and the number difference between adjacent super blocks is 1.

The distance definition module 42 is used to define the difference between the numbers of any two super blocks as the distance between the two super blocks.

The center selection module 43 is used to sequentially select a super block as the center super block.

The information obtaining module 44 is used to obtain the quality information of the super block whose distance from the central super block is less than or equal to 2.

The information storage module 45 is used to pre-store the corresponding good and bad information in the central super block as local bad block information.

In one embodiment, for the information acquisition module 44 and the information storage module 45, any super block is selected as the center, and the quality information of all super blocks whose distance from this super block is less than or equal to 2 is recorded in a range table (local Range bad super block table). Range table is a bitmap containing 5 bits (bits). Each bit corresponds to a specific super block for recording. If a bit is set to 1, it means that the super block at the corresponding position is bad; on the contrary, if a bit One bit is set to 0, indicating that the super block at the corresponding position is good.

Specifically, the information storage module 45 is also used to record the super block quality information in the local range bad super block table in the central super block as the local bad block information.

It should be noted that those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the specific implementation process of the above-mentioned bad block information protection device and each unit can refer to the corresponding description in the foregoing method embodiment. For the convenience and brevity of the description, No longer.

Please refer to FIG. 8. FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present application. The computer device 500 may be a terminal or a server, where the terminal may be an electronic device with communication functions such as a smart phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a desktop computer, a personal digital assistant, and a wearable device. The server can be an independent server or a server cluster composed of multiple servers.

Referring to FIG. 8, the computer device 500 includes a processor 502, a memory, and a network interface 505 connected through a system bus 501, where the memory may include a non-volatile storage medium 503 and an internal memory 504.

The non-volatile storage medium 503 can store an operating system 5031 and a computer program 5032. The computer program 5032 includes program instructions. When the program instructions are executed, the processor 502 can execute a method for protecting bad block information.

The processor 502 is used to provide calculation and control capabilities to support the operation of the entire computer device 500.

The internal memory 504 provides an environment for the operation of the computer program 5032 in the non-volatile storage medium 503. When the computer program 5032 is executed by the processor 502, the processor 502 can execute a bad block information protection method.

The network interface 505 is used for network communication with other devices. Those skilled in the art can understand that the structure shown in FIG. 8 is only a block diagram of part of the structure related to the solution of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device 500 to which the solution of the present application is applied. The specific computer device 500 may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different component arrangement.

It should be understood that, in this embodiment of the application, the processor 502 may be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), and the processor 502 may also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (Digital Signal Processors, DSPs), Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. Among them, the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor.

Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the foregoing embodiments can be implemented by computer programs instructing relevant hardware. The computer program includes program instructions, and the computer program can be stored in a storage medium, which is a computer-readable storage medium. The program instructions are executed by at least one processor in the computer system to implement the process steps of the foregoing method embodiments.

Therefore, this application also provides a storage medium. The storage medium may be a computer-readable storage medium. The storage medium stores a computer program.

The storage medium may be a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other computer-readable storage media that can store program codes.

A person of ordinary skill in the art may realize that the units and algorithm steps of the examples described in the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented by electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two, in order to clearly illustrate the hardware and software Interchangeability. In the above description, the composition and steps of each example have been generally described in terms of function. Whether these functions are executed by hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraint conditions of the technical solution. Professionals and technicians can use different methods for each specific application to implement the described functions, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed device and method can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only illustrative. For example, the division of each unit is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be omitted or not implemented.

The steps in the method of the embodiment of the present application can be adjusted, merged, and deleted in order according to actual needs. The units in the devices in the embodiments of the present application may be combined, divided, and deleted according to actual needs. In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application is essentially or the part that contributes to the existing technology, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium It includes several instructions to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a terminal, or a network device, etc.) execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application.

The above are only specific implementations of this application, but the protection scope of this application is not limited to this. Anyone familiar with the technical field can easily think of various equivalents within the technical scope disclosed in this application. Modifications or replacements, these modifications or replacements shall be covered within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

A method for protecting bad block information, characterized in that the method includes:

Check whether the bad block table and its backup are completely damaged;

If it is completely damaged, traverse all super blocks to obtain the local bad block information stored in the super block;

Restore the bad block information of all super blocks according to all the local bad block information.
The method for protecting bad block information according to claim 1, wherein before the step of traversing all super blocks and obtaining local bad block information stored in the super block comprises:

Pre-store the quality information of any super block in the super block within the set range.
The method for protecting bad block information according to claim 2, wherein the step of pre-storing the quality information of any super block in a super block within a set range comprises:

Number the super blocks in sequence according to their positions, and the number difference between adjacent super blocks is 1;

Set the difference between the numbers of any two super blocks as the distance between the two super blocks;

Select a super block in turn as the central super block;

Get information about the quality of super blocks whose distance from the central super block is less than or equal to 2;

The corresponding good and bad information is pre-stored in the central super block as local bad block information.
The method for protecting bad block information according to claim 3, wherein the step of pre-storing the corresponding good or bad information in the central super block as local bad block information comprises:

The quality information of the super block is recorded in the local range bad super block table in the central super block as the local bad block information.
A device for protecting bad block information, characterized in that the device includes:

The detection unit is used to detect whether the bad block table and its backup are completely damaged;

The acquisition unit is used to detect that the bad block table and its backup are completely damaged, traverse all super blocks, and obtain the local bad block information stored in the super block;

The recovery unit is used to recover the bad block information of all super blocks according to all the local bad block information.
The device for protecting bad block information according to claim 5, further comprising a pre-storage unit for pre-storing the quality information of any super block in a super block within a set range.
The bad block information protection device according to claim 6, wherein the pre-storage unit includes a numbering module, a distance definition module, a center selection module, an information acquisition module and an information storage module;

The numbering module is used to sequentially number the super blocks according to their positions, and the number difference between adjacent super blocks is 1;

The distance definition module is used to define the difference between the numbers of any two super blocks as the distance between the two super blocks;

The center selection module is used to sequentially select a super block as the center super block;

The information acquiring module is used to acquire the quality information of the super block whose distance from the central super block is less than or equal to 2;

The information storage module is used to pre-store the corresponding good and bad information in the central super block as local bad block information.
8. The bad block information protection device according to claim 7, wherein the information storage module is used to record the super block quality information in the local range bad super block table in the central super block as the local bad block information.
A computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and running on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the following steps when the processor executes the computer program:

Check whether the bad block table and its backup are completely damaged;

If it is completely damaged, traverse all super blocks to obtain the local bad block information stored in the super block;

Restore the bad block information of all super blocks according to all the local bad block information.
The computer device according to claim 9, wherein the processor further implements the following steps when executing the computer program:

Pre-store the quality information of any super block in the super block within the set range.
The computer device according to claim 10, wherein the processor further implements the following steps when executing the computer program:

Number the super blocks in sequence according to their positions, and the number difference between adjacent super blocks is 1;

Set the difference between the numbers of any two super blocks as the distance between the two super blocks;

Select a super block in turn as the central super block;

Get information about the quality of super blocks whose distance from the central super block is less than or equal to 2;

The corresponding good and bad information is pre-stored in the central super block as local bad block information.
The computer device according to claim 11, wherein the processor further implements the following steps when executing the computer program:

The quality information of the super block is recorded in the local range bad super block table in the central super block as the local bad block information.
A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the following steps:

Check whether the bad block table and its backup are completely damaged;

If it is completely damaged, traverse all super blocks to obtain the local bad block information stored in the super block;

Restore the bad block information of all super blocks according to all the local bad block information.
The computer-readable storage medium according to claim 13, wherein the computer program further implements the following steps when being executed by the processor:

Pre-store the quality information of any super block in the super block within the set range.
The computer-readable storage medium of claim 14, wherein the computer program further implements the following steps when being executed by the processor:

Number the super blocks in sequence according to their positions, and the number difference between adjacent super blocks is 1;

Set the difference between the numbers of any two super blocks as the distance between the two super blocks;

Select a super block in turn as the central super block;

Get information about the quality of super blocks whose distance from the central super block is less than or equal to 2;

The corresponding good and bad information is pre-stored in the central super block as local bad block information.
The computer-readable storage medium according to claim 15, wherein the computer program further implements the following steps when being executed by the processor:

The quality information of the super block is recorded in the local range bad super block table in the central super block as the local bad block information.