WO2021022785A1

WO2021022785A1 - Multifunctional oxygen output system based on cooperative control of respiratory rate and target blood oxygen value

Info

Publication number: WO2021022785A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/070907
Authority: WO
Inventors: 阮雪红; 陈旭良
Original assignee: 西安汇智医疗集团有限公司
Priority date: 2019-08-05
Filing date: 2020-01-08
Publication date: 2021-02-11
Also published as: CN111481779A

Abstract

A multifunctional oxygen output system based on cooperative control of a respiratory rate and a target blood oxygen value, mainly consisting of a control module, a multi-parameter monitoring module, an electronic flow valve, an air path diverting switch, a human-computer interaction interface, and a communication module. The multifunctional oxygen output system has the beneficial effects that a plurality of treatment modes in the process of oxygen treatment and nebulization treatment in medical units are provided to meet different clinical needs; about 50% of oxygen or medicine resources are saved when a respiratory rate-synchronized treatment mode is used; and a plurality of physiological parameters are monitored in real time during the oxygen treatment or nebulization treatment, thereby ensuring the effectiveness of the treatment.

Description

Multifunctional oxygen output system based on coordinated control of respiratory frequency and target blood oxygen level

Cross references to related applications

This disclosure requires a Chinese patent application filed with the Chinese Patent Office with the application number CN201911092478.0, titled "Multifunctional Oxygen Output System Based on Coordinated Control of Respiratory Frequency and Target Blood Oxygen Level" on November 11, 2019, and in 2019 The priority of the Chinese patent application with the application number CN201910715675.7 filed to the Chinese Patent Office on August 5, titled "Oxygen Output System Based on Coordinated Control of Respiratory Frequency and Target Blood Oxygen Level", the entire content of which is incorporated herein by reference Open.

Technical field

The embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a multifunctional oxygen output system based on the coordinated control of respiratory frequency and target blood oxygen value, and belongs to a clinically used medical device.

Background technique

Medical oxygen output control equipment is a necessary medical device for oxygen therapy in medical institutions. At present, the commonly used oxygen therapy equipment in medical institutions is an oxygen inhaler. At the same time, many patients with respiratory diseases need nebulized inhalation treatment during oxygen therapy, and medical staff need to use nebulizing equipment (oxygen jet nebulizing equipment is commonly used). In oxygen therapy and atomization therapy, the two devices are used alternately, which not only increases the workload of medical staff, but also increases the cost of purchasing and maintaining the two devices in the hospital.

Moreover, the existing oxygen therapy equipment and oxygen jet atomization equipment have a single control method for oxygen output. The medical staff realizes oxygen output control after setting the output flow value. During this period, the patient’s blood oxygen saturation value is lacking (in other places in this article). Also known as blood oxygen level or blood oxygen saturation), the dynamic monitoring of physiological parameters such as respiratory frequency, and the dynamic adjustment of oxygen output cannot be achieved according to changes in the patient's physiological parameters. In 2008, the British Thoracic Society (BTS) issued a complete and authoritative oxygen therapy guideline, which listed blood oxygen saturation as the fifth vital sign besides the human heartbeat, respiration, blood pressure and pulse for the first time. Oxygen therapy must have a clear target blood oxygen saturation (that is, a clear treatment goal), and the patient's blood oxygen saturation must be dynamically monitored and maintained during oxygen delivery. Respiration rate is also an important diagnostic basis in clinical diagnosis: fast breathing (refers to respiratory rate exceeding 24 beats/min), which is seen in fever, pain, anemia, hyperthyroidism and heart failure, etc.; slow breathing (refers to respiratory rate Less than 12 beats/min), seen in overdose of anesthetics or sedatives and increased intracranial pressure; respiratory rate with changes in breathing depth, shallow and rapid breathing, seen in respiratory muscle paralysis, severe tympanum, ascites, obesity, etc., and lung diseases (Such as pneumonia, pleurisy, pleural effusion and pneumothorax, etc.). In addition, when severe metabolic acidosis occurs, deep and slow breathing also occurs, which is common in diabetic ketosis and uremic acidosis. Therefore, in the process of oxygen therapy and atomization therapy, dynamic monitoring of the patient's respiratory rate is also of great significance.

It can be seen that the existing oxygen therapy equipment can no longer meet the needs of modern medicine.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the embodiments of the present disclosure includes, for example, providing a multifunctional oxygen output system based on the coordinated control of the respiratory rate and the target blood oxygen level, so as to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing oxygen output devices.

The multifunctional oxygen output system based on the coordinated control of respiratory frequency and target blood oxygen value proposed by the embodiments of the present disclosure is mainly composed of, for example, a control module, a multi-parameter monitoring module, an electronic flow valve, a pneumatic steering switch, a human-computer interaction interface, and communication Module composition.

The control module is an integrated circuit developed based on the core processor, including signal processing module, power management module, storage module and other modules. The core processor can use Central Processing Unit/Processor (CPU), Microcontroller Unit, MCU) or programmable logic controller (Programmable Logic Controller, PLC). The control module can be connected with a multi-parameter monitoring module, an electronic flow valve, a pneumatic steering switch, a human-computer interaction interface, and a communication module, for example, integrated circuits or wires are used to communicate and work together.

The multi-parameter monitoring module may be composed of, for example, medical sensors and signal processing components used for human vital signs monitoring. The multi-parameter monitoring module of the embodiment of the present disclosure should at least meet the dynamic monitoring of more than two vital signs, and should at least include the dynamic monitoring of blood oxygen saturation and respiratory frequency, that is, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the above At least two of the vital signs must include blood oxygen level and respiratory rate.

In the embodiment of the present disclosure, during the oxygen therapy or atomization therapy, the multi-parameter monitoring module can transmit the dynamic monitoring result of at least the blood oxygen level to the control module, so that the control module can according to the pre-obtained target blood oxygen level (for example The input obtained from the user through the human-computer interaction interface) and the received blood oxygen level monitoring results adjust the set value of the oxygen output flow, and transmit the adjusted set value of the oxygen output flow to the electronic flow valve, so that the electronic The flow valve adjusts the size of the oxygen output flow according to the received set value of the adjusted oxygen output flow.

In the embodiments of the present disclosure, during the oxygen therapy/nebulization therapy, the multi-parameter monitoring module can recognize the patient's exhalation and inhalation actions and calculate the respiration frequency, and the airway steering switch can use the calculated respiration frequency in the following manner Respond in real time: When the patient performs an inhalation action, the gas path switch turns on the oxygen inhalation/atomization output path, and the oxygen/atomized liquid medicine is output according to the set flow value; when the patient performs an exhalation action, the gas path The steering switch closes the output path, blocking the invalid output of oxygen/medical liquid atomized by the oxygen jet.

Optionally, the multi-parameter monitoring module may include a blood oxygen monitoring module and a respiratory frequency monitoring module to dynamically or in real time monitor the patient's blood oxygen value and respiratory frequency.

Optionally, the multi-parameter monitoring module may also include at least one of a body temperature monitoring module, a heart rate monitoring module, and a blood pressure monitoring module to provide auxiliary functions for the system, that is, the system can provide users with oxygen inhalation and atomization functions. In addition, it can be conveniently used to measure the user's body temperature, heart rate, blood pressure and other biometric parameters.

Optionally, the blood oxygen monitoring module is mainly composed of a blood oxygen sensor, a blood oxygen calculation module, and a lead wire, and is used to dynamically monitor the patient's blood oxygen saturation, pulse rate, and perfusion index (PI).

Optionally, the respiratory rate monitoring module is a sensing device used to identify the patient's exhalation and inhalation actions and calculate the respiratory rate. The respiratory frequency monitoring module is prepared by using at least one of a temperature sensor, an acoustic sensor, or a pressure sensor as the core. The working principles and preparation methods of various respiratory frequency monitoring modules can be:

(1) For example, a respiratory frequency monitoring module prepared with a temperature sensor as the core: its working principle is to use a temperature sensor to sense the patient's breathing action and frequency according to the temperature change of the mouth or nostril when the patient exhales or inhales. The specific method is to select a temperature sensor with a faster response time, set the detection part of the temperature sensor 5mm-10mm around the patient’s mouth or nostril, and connect the temperature sensor output terminal with the signal processing module of the control module through a wire to dynamically monitor the patient’s call. The temperature change during inhalation or inhalation. Since the temperature of the body's exhaled hot air during exhalation is significantly higher than the temperature of outside air during inhalation, there is a significant difference between the temperature Δt1 obtained during exhalation and the temperature Δt2 obtained during inhalation in the periphery of the patient’s mouth or nostrils. The control module uses this dynamic monitoring of the temperature difference to determine the breathing action of the patient. When the temperature is Δt1, the control module determines that it is an exhalation action, and when the temperature is Δt2, the control module determines that it is an inhalation action, and then according to breathing and inhalation The breathing rate is calculated by the alternating cycle of air.

(2) For example, a respiratory frequency monitoring module prepared with an acoustic sensor as the core: its working principle is to use acoustic sensors to sense the patient's breathing action and frequency according to the different acoustic characteristics of the periphery of the airway when the patient exhales or inhales. The specific method is to attach the detection part of the acoustic sensor to the acoustically sensitive parts of the periphery of the respiratory tract, such as the mouth, neck, nasal cavity, chest cavity, etc., and the output end of the acoustic sensor is connected with the signal processing module of the control module through a wire. Since the human body presents distinct acoustic characteristics during exhalation or inhalation, the control module uses two different acoustic characteristics of exhalation or inhalation to determine the patient's breathing motion, and calculates the breathing frequency based on the alternating cycle of breathing and inhalation.

(3) For example, a respiratory frequency monitoring module prepared with a pressure sensor as the core: its working principle is to use the pressure sensor to sense the patient's breathing action and frequency according to different pressure changes on the periphery of the airway when the patient exhales or inhales. The specific method is to set the detection part of the small-range pressure sensor at 5mm-20mm from the periphery of the patient's mouth or nostril, and the output end of the pressure sensor is connected with the signal processing module of the control module through a wire. When the patient exhales, the pressure sensor monitors that the periphery of the oral cavity or nostril is in a positive pressure state, while the patient's oral cavity or the periphery of the nostril is in a negative pressure state during inhalation. Therefore, during the inhalation or inhalation action, there is a significant difference in the pressure obtained by the patient's oral or nostril peripheral monitoring. The control module uses the obtained pressure value change to determine the patient's exhalation or inhalation action, and the control module determines that it is expiration when the pressure is positive. Air action, when negative pressure, the control module determines that it is an inhalation action, and calculates the breathing frequency according to the alternating cycle of breathing and inhalation. A simpler way to install the pressure sensor on the periphery of the patient’s mouth or nostril is to set the pressure sensor detection part in the oxygen mask or nebulizer mask, and fix the oxygen mask or nebulizer mask on the periphery of the patient’s mouth or nasal cavity. In the process of oxygen inhalation therapy or atomization therapy, the control module uses the acquired pressure value changes to determine the patient's exhalation or inhalation action. In another embodiment, the pressure sensor is arranged in the integrated circuit of the control module, the detection part of the pressure sensor is connected to an extended pressure monitoring hose, and the other end of the pressure monitoring hose is connected to the oxygen inhalation pipe or the atomizer. The control module can also obtain the different pressure values of the patient's exhalation or inhalation, determine the patient's exhalation or inhalation, and calculate the respiratory rate.

Optionally, the body temperature monitoring module may be composed of a body temperature sensor and a signal processing module for continuous monitoring of the patient's body temperature.

Optionally, the heart rate monitoring module may be composed of electrocardiographic electrodes and a signal processing module for continuous monitoring of the patient's heart rate.

Optionally, the blood pressure monitoring module can be composed of a pressure sensor, a micro air pump, and a signal processing module for continuous monitoring of the patient's blood pressure.

The electronic flow valve is used for the electric control of the oxygen output flow. For example, the electric control of the oxygen output flow can be realized through the electric control of valve opening, flow adjustment, and valve closing. The electronic flow valve can adopt any suitable electronic valve parts among proportional valves, solenoid valves, thimble valves, and throttle valves. Generally, the working pressure of the electronic valve is 0.1Mpa～0.6Mpa, the range is not less than 0～10L, the accuracy is not less than 0.5L, and the measurement error is not more than 4%. The electronic flow valve operates according to the flow setting value given by the control module and outputs the corresponding flow of oxygen. The downstream position of the output path of the electronic flow valve is provided with a flow sensor to realize dynamic monitoring and feedback of the output flow.

Pneumatic switch is used for switching control of oxygen output channel. Optionally, the gas path steering switch is arranged at a downstream position of the output path of the electronic flow valve. The gas circuit steering switch may be a normally closed three-port two-position solenoid valve, wherein the first port is connected to the oxygen input pipeline, the second port is connected to the oxygen inhalation output pipeline, and the third port is connected to the atomization output pipeline. The electronic flow valve in the initial state is in a closed state. In the first position, the oxygen inhalation output pipeline of the electronic flow valve is connected and the atomization output pipeline is closed; in the second position, the atomization output pipeline is connected and the oxygen absorption output pipeline is closed.

The gas path switch can realize the switching control of the oxygen output gas path according to the oxygen treatment or atomization treatment instructions given by the control module. For example, when you choose to enter oxygen therapy, the gas circuit steering switch actively switches to the oxygen inhalation output pipeline, and oxygen is output from the oxygen inhalation pathway. The oxygen inhalation pipeline can be connected to the oxygen inhalation output pipeline interface to achieve oxygen therapy; another example, When you choose to enter the atomization treatment, the gas circuit steering switch actively switches to the atomization output pipeline, and the oxygen is output from the atomization channel. Connect the atomizer to the atomization output pipeline interface to realize the atomization treatment.

Optionally, the human-computer interaction interface is mainly composed of an LCD screen and operation function keys. The human-computer interaction interface can be used for the selection of treatment modes, the setting of control parameters, the reading of monitoring information and the operation of other functions. Optionally, the control parameters include oxygen output flow, target blood oxygen saturation (that is, target blood oxygen value), oxygen inhalation duration, and the like. The operation function keys of the human-computer interaction interface include, for example, an oxygen inhalation time setting key, a flow rate setting key, a target blood oxygen value setting key, and an oxygen inhalation/atomization function switching key. The function keys can adopt various conventional technologies such as buttons, encoders, and touch screens.

Optionally, the communication module is used to remotely send monitoring information, prompts or warning information of the embodiments of the present disclosure to the medical monitoring terminal. The communication module can use traditional wired transmission, Bluetooth, WiFi, ZigBee, or RF technologies.

In the embodiment of the present disclosure, embedded software is provided in the control module, and the embedded software is the core control program of the embodiment of the present disclosure. The embedded software includes oxygen therapy control program and atomization therapy control program. After the medical staff selects the oxygen therapy or atomization therapy function on the man-machine interface, the control module enters the corresponding oxygen therapy control program or the corresponding atomization therapy control program.

Optionally, the oxygen therapy control program is mainly constructed by target blood oxygen value, output flow value, oxygen inhalation duration, target blood oxygen control range, intervention control time, flow adjustment range, flow adjustment gradient, and breathing frequency. The oxygen therapy control program may be provided with three oxygen output control modes, for example, a target blood oxygen servo mode, a breathing synchronization mode, and a target blood oxygen servo + breathing synchronization mode.

Optionally, the atomization control program is mainly constructed by the respiratory frequency and output flow value. The atomization control program can be divided into two oxygen output control modes, for example, ordinary jet atomization and breathing synchronized atomization.

Optionally, the function of each construction element in the control program and the setting method of related parameters are:

The target blood oxygen level may refer to the blood oxygen level that is expected to be reached and maintained stably during oxygen therapy, that is, the therapeutic target that is expected to be achieved in this oxygen therapy. The medical staff determines the target blood oxygen value of this oxygen treatment according to the different characteristics of the patient, and sets it in the human-computer interaction interface/or the upper computer software. The target blood oxygen level setting range can be 88% to 99%. For example, it is commonly used: the target blood oxygen value of patients with anesthesia resuscitation is set to 96%, the target blood oxygen value of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome is set to 92%, and the target blood oxygen value of patients with hypercapnia is set. It is set at 90%, the target blood oxygen value for neonatal patients with routine oxygen inhalation is set to 93%, and the target blood oxygen value for patients with routine oxygen inhalation is set to 96%.

The output flow value can be the oxygen flow as prescribed by the doctor during oxygen therapy, generally in "L/min". During oxygen therapy, the medical staff can set it in the human-computer interaction interface/or the host computer software.

The duration of oxygen inhalation can be the length of time from the beginning to the end of this oxygen therapy, usually in hours (h). The oxygen inhalation time is set by the medical staff in the human-computer interaction interface/or the host computer software. After the oxygen inhalation time is reached, the control module gives an instruction to close the oxygen output, so that the electronic flow valve closes the oxygen output path, and the oxygen treatment ends .

The target blood oxygen control range may be a limited interval value that allows the target blood oxygen value to be a reference value and allows the blood oxygen value to dynamically deviate, that is, the upper limit value and the lower limit value range of the blood oxygen value that is expected to be stably maintained during oxygen therapy. After the medical staff sets the patient's target blood oxygen value, the target blood oxygen control range is automatically given according to the set target blood oxygen value ±1%" or ±2%", and the target blood oxygen control range is written into the oxygen therapy control program. In other words, the target blood oxygen control range is a fluctuation range relative to the set target blood oxygen value. For example, in an embodiment in which the target blood oxygen control range is written in the control program of oxygen therapy according to the standard of "target blood oxygen value ± 2%", if the target blood oxygen value set by the medical staff on the human-machine interface is 96% , Then the target blood oxygen control range in the oxygen therapy control program is determined to be between 94% and 98%.

The intervention control time may refer to the corresponding delay time for the control module to intervene in adjusting the oxygen output flow after the patient's blood oxygen value starts to deviate from the target blood oxygen control range. The intervention control time is in minutes (min). The intervention control time is written into the oxygen therapy control program. The intervention control time setting range is: increase the flow rate intervention control time for the first time period, for example, less than 1 min, and reduce the flow rate adjustment intervention control time for the second time period, for example, between 1 and 10 minutes between. For example, during oxygen therapy, the target blood oxygen control range is between 94% and 98%, the intervention control time for increasing the flow rate is 0.5 min, and the intervention control time for reducing the flow adjustment is between 3 minutes, then when the patient’s blood oxygen level After reaching the lower limit of the target blood oxygen control range of 94% and holding for 0.5 min, the control module intervenes in the flow adjustment, and the electronic flow valve increases the oxygen output flow; on the contrary, when the patient's blood oxygen value reaches the upper limit of the target blood oxygen control range of 98% After 3 minutes, the control module intervenes in flow adjustment, and the electronic flow valve reduces the oxygen output flow.

The flow adjustment range may refer to the interval value during which the control module intervenes in adjusting the oxygen output flow, that is, the range between the minimum and maximum oxygen output when the control module intervenes in the flow adjustment, in minutes (L/min). The flow adjustment range is written into the oxygen therapy control program. Due to individual differences in patients, there are different flow adjustment ranges in the oxygen therapy control program. The flow adjustment range can be divided into four adjustment intervals, for example: low-flow oxygen inhalation patients with a flow rate of 0.5L/min～2L/min set by the doctor , The flow adjustment range is between 0.5L/min～2L/min; the doctor’s order set flow rate is 3L/min～4L/min for medium flow oxygen inhalation patients, the flow adjustment range is between 1L/min～4L/min; doctor’s order The set flow rate is 5L/min～6L/min for high-flow oxygen inhalation patients, the flow adjustment range is between 1L/min～6L/min; the doctor’s set flow rate is 7L/min～10L/min for ultra-high-flow oxygen inhalation , The flow adjustment range is between 1L/min～10L/min.

The flow adjustment gradient may refer to the gradient value of the electronic flow valve increasing or decreasing the oxygen output flow when the control module intervenes in the control, in minutes (L/min). The flow adjustment gradient is written into the oxygen therapy control program. The flow rate adjustment gradient is generally between 0.1 L/min and 1 L/min. For example, the flow rate adjustment gradient can be set between 0.2 L/min and 0.5 L/min.

Respiration rate includes identifying the patient's exhalation/inspiration action and calculating the respiration rate. The breathing rate can be dynamically monitored during oxygen therapy.

In the embodiment of the present disclosure, when the oxygen therapy function is selected, the medical staff can, for example, set the target blood oxygen value on the human-computer interface according to the patient's hypoxia level, and the oxygen therapy control program can automatically determine the target blood oxygen control range. After the medical staff sets the output flow value of this oxygen therapy (ie, the doctor's order flow), optionally, the oxygen therapy control program automatically determines the flow adjustment range. During oxygen therapy, the electronic flow valve can output oxygen according to the working mode given by the control module. The multi-parameter monitoring module can simultaneously perform dynamic monitoring of multiple physiological parameters, including dynamic monitoring of physiological parameters such as blood oxygen saturation, pulse rate, respiratory rate, body temperature, heart rate, blood pressure, etc., and the communication module can simultaneously upload various physiological parameters The monitoring information to the PC of the nursing terminal.

Optionally, the working principles of the three oxygen output control modes in the oxygen therapy control program are, for example:

(1) Target blood oxygen servo mode: When the target blood oxygen servo mode is used for oxygen therapy, for example, the oxygen output flow is dynamically controlled based on the patient's current blood oxygen value and the set target blood oxygen value. When the patient's blood oxygen value begins to deviate from the target blood oxygen control range, the control module automatically adjusts the oxygen output flow according to the intervention control time, flow adjustment gradient and flow adjustment range defined in the embedded software. The adjustment method is to increase or decrease the oxygen. Output flow until the patient's blood oxygen level stabilizes within the target blood oxygen control range.

The specific implementation method of target blood oxygen servo mode oxygen therapy is, for example: during oxygen therapy, when the patient's blood oxygen level drops to the lower limit of the target blood oxygen control range, the control module adjusts the gradient according to the defined intervention control time and flow rate Increase the oxygen output flow until the patient's blood oxygen level is stable within the target blood oxygen control range; after the control module increases the oxygen output flow, if the patient's blood oxygen level is still lower than the lower limit of the target blood oxygen control range, the control module is as defined The flow adjustment gradient continues to increase the oxygen output flow until the upper limit of the flow adjustment range; when the increased oxygen output reaches the upper limit of the flow adjustment range, if the patient’s blood oxygen level is still below the target blood oxygen control range, the man-machine interface will give blood oxygen If the value deviates from the alarm, the medical staff shall handle it. Conversely, if the patient's blood oxygen level is higher than the upper limit of the target blood oxygen control range, the control module reduces the oxygen output flow according to the defined intervention control time and flow adjustment gradient until the lower limit of the flow adjustment range; the oxygen output flow is reduced to the flow adjustment range After the lower limit, the patient's blood oxygen level is still higher than the target blood oxygen control range, and the man-machine interface gives advice to stop oxygen inhalation. After reaching the set oxygen inhalation time, the electronic flow valve closes the oxygen output, and a prompt message indicating the end of oxygen inhalation is given on the man-machine interface.

(2) Respiration synchronization mode: When oxygen therapy is performed in the respiration synchronization mode, for example, the breathing rate monitoring module recognizes the patient's exhalation and inhalation action and calculates the respiration frequency, so that the oxygen output and the respiration frequency are controlled synchronously. For example, in the process of oxygen therapy, optionally, the gas path switch automatically or under the control of, for example, the control module, makes the following real-time response according to the breathing rate: When the patient is inhaling, the gas path switch turns on oxygen inhalation In the output path, oxygen is output according to the set flow value; when the patient performs an exhalation action, the gas path switch closes the output path, blocking the invalid output of oxygen. The breathing synchronization mode is adopted for oxygen therapy to keep the oxygen output synchronized with the patient's breathing movement, and at least about 50% of oxygen consumption can be saved during oxygen therapy.

(3) Target blood oxygen servo + breathing synchronization mode: This mode combines the technical characteristics of the above (1) and (2) two oxygen output control modes. When using the target blood oxygen servo + breathing synchronization mode for oxygen therapy, it is necessary to dynamically adjust the oxygen output flow according to both the target blood oxygen value and the patient's current blood oxygen value, and the oxygen output must be related to the patient's breathing action , That is, when the patient inhales, the gas path switch turns on the oxygen inhalation output path, and when the patient exhales, the gas path switch closes the oxygen inhalation output path. For example, specifically, in this combination mode, oxygen output is dynamically controlled based on the target blood oxygen value, and the oxygen output flow is automatically adjusted according to the patient's blood oxygen value changes, so that the patient's blood oxygen value is stably maintained within the target blood oxygen control range ; At the same time, the oxygen output is dynamically controlled according to the patient's breathing rate/respiratory action, so that the oxygen output is synchronized with the patient's breathing action, saving about 50% of oxygen consumption.

When performing nebulization therapy, medical staff can choose one of two modes: ordinary jet nebulization or respiratory synchronization nebulization according to clinical needs.

Ordinary atomization, for example, means that oxygen enters the atomization cup according to the set output flow, and the strong air jet impacts the liquid to form aerosol, which is continuously output in the mouthpiece or cup of the atomizer. This is also the current traditional aerodynamic jet. Atomization method.

Breath-synchronized atomization, for example, refers to an atomization treatment method in which the jet atomization action is synchronized with the patient's breathing frequency. For example, when breathing synchronized nebulization is selected, the gas path switch turns on the nebulization output path, and the medical staff sets the oxygen output flow on the human-computer interaction interface according to the characteristics of the medicine. The oxygen output flow of the nebulization therapy is generally set Set between 5L/min～8L/min. When breathing synchronized nebulization is adopted, the respiratory rate monitoring module actively recognizes the patient's exhalation and inhalation and calculates the respiratory rate, and the airway steering switch autonomously or under the control of the control module according to the calculated respiratory rate of the patient in the following manner For example, make a real-time response; when the patient performs an inhalation action, the gas path switch turns on the atomization output path, and the liquid medicine is atomized and output under the action of the oxygen jet, and sprayed into the patient's inhalation airway; when the patient performs an exhalation action, The gas circuit steering switch closes the output path, blocks oxygen from entering the atomization cup, and stops the atomization output of the liquid medicine. Repeatedly, the atomization output of the liquid medicine is synchronized with the patient's breathing action, reducing the exhalation of the atomized liquid medicine in the patient It is released ineffectively during action, which at least doubles the utilization rate of the atomized liquid medicine.

The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present disclosure include, for example, the provision of a multifunctional oxygen output control device, which can provide multiple treatment modes during the process of oxygen therapy and atomization therapy in medical units to meet different clinical needs; The provided oxygen output system can save about 50% of oxygen or drug resources when adopting the treatment mode of respiratory frequency synchronization, which has good social significance; in addition, the provided oxygen output system is used in the process of oxygen therapy or atomization therapy Real-time monitoring of multiple physiological parameters such as blood oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, pulse rate, body temperature, heart rate and blood pressure ensures the effectiveness of treatment.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural block diagram of a multifunctional oxygen output system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

detailed description

Preparation of the multifunctional oxygen output system of the embodiment of the present disclosure

A list of main components used in the multifunctional oxygen output system provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, for example:

The control module adopts ARM microcontroller (MCU), model STM32F415RGT6, ST STMicroelectronics.

The multi-parameter monitoring module is constructed by five modules: blood oxygen monitoring module, respiratory frequency monitoring module, body temperature monitoring module, heart rate monitoring module, and blood pressure monitoring module. The specific requirements are that the blood oxygen sensor adopts two-color light-emitting diode PDFE833, the emission wavelength is 660nm and 940nm, finger clip type, the blood oxygen saturation monitoring range is 70% to 100% (no definition below 70%), and the measurement error is not more than 3 %; The respiratory frequency sensor is made with a micro-pressure sensor as the core, with a range of 0-50kPa, and a measurement accuracy of 0.01kPa. It monitors the peripheral pressure of the patient’s mouth and nose to obtain the respiratory frequency; the body temperature monitoring module uses a patch thermistor as the detection part, with a range of 25 ℃～45℃, measurement accuracy of 0.1℃, measurement error of 0.2℃; heart rate electrode range 25cpm～250cpm, measurement accuracy 1cpm, measurement error +3cpm; blood pressure sensor uses gas pressure sensor as the core production, range 0～700kPa, accuracy 0.1KPa.

The electronic flow valve adopts a proportional valve driven by a stepping motor. The range of the flow sensor is 0-10L, the maximum withstand voltage is 0.6MPa, the range of the flow sensor is 0-15L, the accuracy is 0.1L, and the measurement error does not exceed 4%.

The pneumatic steering switch adopts a miniature normally closed solenoid valve with three ports and two positions, the power supply voltage is 12V, the maximum working pressure is 0.8MPa, and the response time is not more than 50 milliseconds.

Communication module adopts WiFi module, model QCA9377, produced by Qualcomm, storage module adopts Samsung HY27US08561A (64M), power supply adopts 12V, 1A medical power adapter, human-computer interaction interface adopts 5-inch LCD display, 2 encoders and 3 It is composed of function keys, and the product protective shell is injection molded of non-toxic polypropylene material.

After the components are qualified, according to the working principle diagram shown in Figure 1, the general production process of electronic products is used to prepare the PCB, the circuit board is produced by the conventional technology of patching, welding, assembly and other processes, and the components of the electronic flow valve and the gas circuit steering switch are assembled. , Install the shell and control buttons, and test the aging after the instrument is assembled.

Develop embedded software based on the software construction elements and working principles proposed in the embodiments of the present disclosure. The software should meet the oxygen output control method proposed in the embodiments of the present disclosure to realize oxygen therapy, nebulization therapy, dynamic monitoring of multiple physiological parameters, and remote communication And other functions.

Burn the produced embedded software into the finished product, test the full performance, and pass it.

It should be understood that the above-mentioned main component list is only exemplary and not mandatory, and those skilled in the art will understand that any variation or modification can be made to it without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

Examples of clinical applications of the multifunctional oxygen output system of the embodiments of the present disclosure

Using the embodiment of the present disclosure for oxygen therapy and inserting atomization therapy during the treatment process, the treatment subject is diagnosed as a patient with carbon dioxide retention, coughing and sputum, and selecting the target blood oxygen servo + breathing synchronization mode.

Medical prescription: For patients with carbon dioxide retention, the target blood oxygen range is 88% to 92%, the oxygen inhalation time is 20 hours, and the oxygen flow rate is 2L/min. After 5 hours of oxygen inhalation, aerosol treatment was performed, and the aerosol liquid was configured to dissolve 0.2g ambroxol in 5ml gentamicin.

According to the target blood oxygen range given by the doctor’s prescription from 88% to 92%, the medical staff set the target blood oxygen value to 90% on the human-computer interaction interface, set the oxygen inhalation time for 20 hours, and set the oxygen flow rate of 2L/min ( For patients with low flow oxygen inhalation, the flow adjustment range is between 0.5L/min and 2L/min. Fix the finger clip blood oxygen sensor with the patient's index finger, fix the respiratory rate sensor on the periphery of the patient's nasal cavity, fix the heart rate and temperature sensor on the patient's left chest with medical tape, start it, and enter the oxygen therapy mode. The breathing rate monitoring module starts to monitor the patient's breathing in real time. The airway steering switch responds in real time to changes in the breathing rate. Oxygen is normally delivered to the patient's respiratory tract when the patient inhales, and oxygen delivery is stopped when the patient exhales.

If the patient's blood oxygen level is stable at 92% of the upper limit of the blood oxygen control range for more than 3 minutes, the control module will give an instruction to reduce the oxygen output flow, and the electronic flow valve will reduce the oxygen output according to the flow adjustment gradient, reducing the gradient each time It is 0.25L/min; when the oxygen output flow is reduced and the patient’s blood oxygen saturation remains stable at 92%, continue to decrease a gradient every 3 minutes until the minimum flow adjustment range is 0.5L/min; on the contrary, if When the patient's blood oxygen level drops to 88% of the lower limit of the target blood oxygen control range, the control module gives an instruction to increase the oxygen output flow within 0.5 minutes, and the electronic flow valve increases the oxygen output according to the flow adjustment gradient, each time increasing The gradient is 0.25L/min, and the gradient is increased every 0.5min until the maximum value of the flow adjustment range is 2L. If the oxygen output is adjusted according to the above method, but the patient's blood oxygen value still deviates from the target blood oxygen control range by 88% to 92%, the control module will give a warning message, which is displayed on the human-machine interface and remotely transmitted to The nursing terminal prompts the medical staff to perform manual intervention.

After 5 hours of oxygen therapy, the medical staff switched to the atomization therapy function on the human-computer interaction interface, and selected the atomization in the breathing synchronization mode. Connect the air source connector of the medical atomizer with the atomization output interface of the embodiment of the present disclosure, inject the configured atomized liquid medicine into the atomization cup, and properly fix the atomization mask on the periphery of the patient’s mouth and nose; inside the atomization mask A micro pressure sensor is provided, and the output end of the micro pressure sensor is connected to the signal input port of the control board of the embodiment of the present disclosure with a wire serial port, the oxygen output flow rate is set to 6L/min, and the atomization is turned on.

In the process of nebulization, the respiratory rate monitoring module actively recognizes the patient's exhalation and inhalation actions, and the airway steering switch responds in real time according to the patient's respiratory rate. When the patient inhales, the liquid medicine is atomized and output, and sprayed into the patient's inhalation airway; when the patient exhales, the gas path switch closes the output path, blocking oxygen from entering the atomizing cup, and the liquid medicine stops atomizing , So repeatedly.

After the nebulization treatment is over, the medical staff switch back to the original oxygen treatment mode and continue the oxygen treatment. After 20 hours of oxygen inhalation, the electronic flow valve automatically turns off the oxygen output, and the man-machine interface prompts that the oxygen therapy is over.

During oxygen therapy and nebulization therapy, if the patient needs to monitor other physiological parameters, connect the heart rate sensor, body temperature sensor, and blood pressure sensor of the multi-parameter monitoring module to the control module of the embodiment of the present disclosure to dynamically monitor the heart rate, Body temperature and blood pressure parameters, and upload the acquired physiological parameters to the medical terminal remotely.

The above-mentioned drawings and embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure and not to limit them. Although the embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and purpose of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure. The scope, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the embodiments of the present disclosure, does not constitute any limitation to the protection scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

Industrial applicability

The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a multifunctional oxygen output system, which can provide multiple treatment modes in the process of oxygen therapy and atomization treatment in medical units to meet different clinical needs; the provided oxygen output system adopts breathing The frequency-synchronized treatment mode can save about 50% of oxygen or drug resources; in addition, the provided oxygen output system can monitor multiple physiological parameters such as blood oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, and respiratory rate during oxygen therapy or nebulization therapy. Pulse rate, body temperature, heart rate and blood pressure ensure the effectiveness of treatment.

Claims

A multifunctional oxygen output system based on the coordinated control of respiratory frequency and target blood oxygen level, including a control module, a multi-parameter monitoring module, an electronic flow valve, a pneumatic steering switch, a human-computer interaction interface, and a communication module, wherein the control module It is an integrated circuit with embedded software developed based on a core processor. The multi-parameter monitoring module is composed of medical sensors and signal processing components for human vital signs monitoring. The electronic flow valve is configured to output flow to oxygen. The electric control of the size of, and the gas path switch is configured to switch the oxygen output path;

Its characteristics are:

The control module is connected with a multi-parameter monitoring module, an electronic flow valve, a pneumatic steering switch, a human-computer interaction interface, and a communication module using integrated circuits or wires;

The multi-parameter monitoring module should at least meet the dynamic monitoring of more than two vital signs, and should at least include the dynamic monitoring of blood oxygen level and respiratory frequency;

The embedded software includes an oxygen therapy control program and an atomization control program; and

The gas circuit steering switch realizes the switching control of the oxygen output channel according to the oxygen therapy or atomization therapy instruction given by the control module;

Among them, when selecting to enter oxygen therapy, the gas path switch actively switches to the oxygen inhalation output pipeline, and oxygen is output from the oxygen inhalation path; when selecting to enter the atomization therapy, the gas path steering switch actively switches to the atomization output pipeline, Oxygen output from the atomization channel;

In addition, the oxygen therapy control program includes the following three oxygen output control modes: a target blood oxygen servo mode related to the target blood oxygen value, a breathing synchronization mode related to a respiratory rate, and the target blood oxygen servo + the breathing Synchronous mode

In addition, the atomization control program includes the following two oxygen output control modes: ordinary jet atomization and respiratory synchronization atomization related to the respiratory rate.
The multifunctional oxygen output system based on the coordinated control of respiratory rate and target blood oxygen value according to claim 1, further characterized in that: during the oxygen therapy or the atomization therapy, the multi-parameter monitoring module will The dynamic monitoring result of at least the patient’s blood oxygen level is transmitted to the control module, so that the control module adjusts the set value of the oxygen output flow according to the pre-obtained target blood oxygen level and the received result, and then The adjusted set value of the oxygen output flow rate is transmitted to the electronic flow valve, so that the electronic flow valve adjusts the size of the oxygen output flow rate according to the received set value of the adjusted oxygen output flow rate.
The multifunctional oxygen output system based on the coordinated control of respiratory rate and target blood oxygen value according to claim 1 or 2, further characterized in that: the human-computer interaction interface is configured to receive at least information about the treatment mode and the target blood oxygen value from the user. Value input, the treatment mode includes one of the oxygen therapy and the atomization therapy.
The multifunctional oxygen output system based on the coordinated control of respiratory rate and target blood oxygen value according to claim 1, further characterized in that: the parameters used to construct the oxygen therapy control program include target blood oxygen value, output flow value, oxygen inhalation Duration, target blood oxygen control range, intervention control time, flow adjustment range, flow adjustment gradient, and breathing rate.
The multifunctional oxygen output system based on the coordinated control of respiratory rate and target blood oxygen level according to claim 4, further characterized by:

The intervention control time refers to the corresponding delay time for the control module to intervene in adjusting the oxygen output flow after the patient's current blood oxygen value starts to deviate from the target blood oxygen control range, where the intervention control time corresponding to the oxygen output flow to be increased is the first The duration, and the intervention control time corresponding to the oxygen output flow to be reduced is the second duration.
The multifunctional oxygen output system based on coordinated control of respiratory rate and target blood oxygen level according to claim 5, further characterized by:

The output flow value is the oxygen output flow value set by the doctor;

The flow adjustment range is based on the oxygen output flow value set by the doctor;

Wherein, when the patient's current blood oxygen level drops below the lower limit of the target blood oxygen control range and continues for the first time period, the control module adjusts the current oxygen according to the flow adjustment gradient and within the flow adjustment range Output the flow value so that the blood oxygen value of the patient rises to be within the target blood oxygen control range; and,

Wherein, when the patient's current blood oxygen level rises above the upper limit of the target blood oxygen control range and continues for the second period of time, the control module adjusts the current oxygen according to the flow adjustment gradient and within the flow adjustment range The flow value is output, so that the blood oxygen value of the patient is reduced to be within the target blood oxygen control range.
The multifunctional oxygen output system based on the coordinated control of respiratory frequency and target blood oxygen value according to claim 1, wherein the multifunctional oxygen output system uses the following target blood oxygen servo mode for oxygen therapy The method dynamically controls the oxygen output flow based on the set target blood oxygen value: When the patient's blood oxygen value starts to deviate from the target blood oxygen control range, the control module follows the intervention control time, flow adjustment gradient and flow rate defined in the embedded software. The flow adjustment range automatically adjusts the oxygen output flow until the patient's blood oxygen level stabilizes within the target blood oxygen control range.
The multifunctional oxygen output system based on coordinated control of respiratory rate and target blood oxygen level according to claim 1, further characterized by:

When the multi-functional oxygen output system adopts the breathing synchronization mode for oxygen therapy, the multi-parameter monitoring module recognizes the patient's exhalation and inhalation actions and calculates the respiratory frequency; and

The airway steering switch responds in real time according to the calculated respiratory rate in the following way: when the patient is inhaling, the airway steering switch turns on the oxygen inhalation output path, so that oxygen is output according to the set flow value; when the patient is exhaling During operation, the gas path switch closes the output path to block the invalid output of oxygen.
The multifunctional oxygen output system based on the coordinated control of respiratory rate and target blood oxygen value according to claim 1, further characterized by:

The multifunctional oxygen output system dynamically controls the oxygen output flow based on the target blood oxygen value and the patient's breathing frequency when oxygen therapy is performed in the target blood oxygen servo + breathing synchronization mode,

Wherein, the control module automatically adjusts the output flow of oxygen according to the target blood oxygen value and the patient's current blood oxygen value, so that the patient's blood oxygen value is stably maintained within the target blood oxygen control range, and the oxygen is controlled by the gas path switch The output is synchronized with the patient’s breathing action, so that when the patient performs an inhalation action, the gas path switch turns on the oxygen inhalation output path, and the oxygen is output according to the set flow value, and makes the gas path switch switch when the patient performs an exhalation action The output path is closed to block the invalid output of oxygen.
The multifunctional oxygen output system based on coordinated control of respiratory rate and target blood oxygen level according to claim 1, further characterized by:

When the multi-function oxygen output system adopts breathing synchronized nebulization for nebulization therapy, the multi-parameter monitoring module recognizes the patient’s exhalation and inhalation actions and calculates the breathing frequency, so that the airway steering switch is based on the calculated breathing frequency of the patient Respond in real time as follows: When the patient is inhaling, the gas path switch turns on the atomization output path, and the liquid medicine is atomized and output under the action of the oxygen jet to spray into the patient's inhalation airway; During the exhalation action, the gas circuit steering switch closes the output path, blocking oxygen from entering the atomization cup to stop the atomization output of the liquid medicine.