WO2021017321A1 - 混流风扇及电机 - Google Patents

混流风扇及电机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021017321A1
WO2021017321A1 PCT/CN2019/119304 CN2019119304W WO2021017321A1 WO 2021017321 A1 WO2021017321 A1 WO 2021017321A1 CN 2019119304 W CN2019119304 W CN 2019119304W WO 2021017321 A1 WO2021017321 A1 WO 2021017321A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
flow fan
mixed flow
motor
wheel cover
wheel
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PCT/CN2019/119304
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张广兴
苏莫明
刘军婷
霍永强
崔皓
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中车永济电机有限公司
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Publication of WO2021017321A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021017321A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/02—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine
    • H02K9/04—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium
    • H02K9/06—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium with fans or impellers driven by the machine shaft

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of motors, and is specifically a mixed flow fan, which is suitable for high-power, low-speed, self-ventilated double-fed wind power generators, and is also suitable for other types of motors, and is particularly suitable for motors with self-ventilated cooling structures installed on the internal rotating shaft of the motor.
  • Air-air-cooled doubly-fed wind power generators generally adopt self-ventilation (IC616) or forced ventilation (IC666) cooling methods, 1.5MW ⁇ 2.
  • IC616 self-ventilation
  • IC666 forced ventilation
  • XMW-class air-air-cooled doubly-fed motors use axial fan cooling methods for self-ventilation cooling methods, or Using a centrifugal fan cooling structure, the fan rotates with the rotor to generate air pressure and air volume, which takes internal heat to the air cooler for heat exchange; the higher the speed, the greater the air pressure and air volume generated, and the better the cooling effect.
  • the forced ventilation cooling method is generally equipped with a primary circuit cooling motor on the air cooler. Although it is not affected by the rotor speed, it occupies the air cooler space or increases the total height of the motor.
  • the axial flow fan is shown in Figure 3.
  • the characteristics of the axial flow fan are large flow and low wind pressure. It is suitable for cooling motors with low wind resistance.
  • the installation of axial flow fans often fails to meet the needs, and even backfires, resulting in the installation of fans and There is little difference without a fan.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a new type of mixed flow fan, which can generate a sufficiently high wind pressure when the rotation speed of the generator is low, and meet the requirements of high power, low rotation speed and self-ventilation.
  • a mixed flow fan includes an impeller hub, blades, a wheel cover and a wheel disc.
  • the impeller hub is equipped with a wheel disc, the surface of the disc is inclined, and the blades are uniformly inherent between the disc and the wheel cover.
  • the blade adopts a twisted design of linear elements, and the geometric angle of the blade outlet is equal to 90°, which is aligned with the axial ventilation hole of the rotor.
  • the inner surface of the guide end of the wheel cover adopts a lip structure
  • the outer surface of the sealing end of the wheel cover adopts a comb-tooth sealing structure
  • radial fins are provided inside the wheel disc.
  • a specific mixed-flow fan motor includes a base, a rotor structure, a rotor axial ventilation hole, and a rotating shaft. The end of the rotating shaft is equipped with the mixed-flow fan.
  • the motor rotor adopts a new type of mixed flow ventilation structure.
  • the entire flow channel does not form a diffusion channel, and the flow cross-section is kept equal.
  • the pressure rise is generated by the full use of centrifugal inertia force.
  • no flow separation and vortex are generated in the blade diffuser passage to minimize the flow loss.
  • the shape of the fan wheel disc and the wheel cover are both conical, so that the gas flows out in an oblique direction. It has both the centrifugal force of a centrifugal fan and the thrust force of an axial fan.
  • the guide end of the wheel cover adopts a lip structure; in order to improve the strength of the impeller and reduce the internal leakage loss, the sealing end of the wheel cover adopts a comb-tooth seal structure.
  • the blades are designed with linear elements twisted so that the outlet geometric angle is equal to 90° and aligned with the axial ventilation holes of the rotor.
  • radial fins are added inside the roulette, which has a swirling effect.
  • the invention has reasonable design and good practical application value.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a mixed flow fan installed in the motor.
  • Figure 2a shows a schematic front view of a mixed flow fan.
  • Figure 2b shows a schematic diagram of the back of the mixed flow fan.
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of an existing axial fan.
  • a mixed flow fan includes an impeller hub 1, blades 2, a wheel cover 3, and a disc 5.
  • the impeller hub 1 is integrally equipped with a wheel disk 5, the surface of the wheel disk 5 is inclined, that is, the surface of the wheel disk is tapered, the small end of the wheel disk 5 is used as the air inlet end, and the large end is used as Out of the wind.
  • the blades 2 are uniformly inherent between the wheel disc 5 and the wheel cover 3, and the air outlet geometric angle of the blades 2 is equal to 90°.
  • the inner surface of the wheel cover guide end 3.1 of the wheel cover 3 adopts a lip structure, and the outer surface of the wheel cover sealing end 3.2 of the wheel cover 3 adopts a comb-tooth sealing structure.
  • Radial fins 4 are provided inside the wheel 5.
  • a specific mixed-flow fan motor includes a base 8, a rotor structure 9, a rotor axial ventilation hole 6 and a rotating shaft 10.
  • the end of the rotating shaft 10 is equipped with a mixed-flow fan, and the impeller hub 1 is installed on the rotating shaft 10;
  • the mixed flow fan adopts a new mixed flow impeller hub 1;
  • the blade 2 adopts a linear element twisted design, and the geometric angle of the blade wind is equal to 90°, which is aligned with the axial ventilation hole 6 of the rotor to reduce wind resistance loss;
  • the guide end of the wheel cover 3 is 3.1( The inner surface of the air inlet end) adopts a lip structure to improve the strength of the impeller and the smoothness of the flow channel to reduce wind resistance;
  • the outer surface of the sealing end 3.2 (air outlet end) of the wheel cover adopts a comb-tooth sealing structure to improve the impeller.
  • the comb-tooth seal structure is in clearance fit with the stator air guide 7 located on the inner wall of the base 8.
  • the combination of the two can reduce the internal leakage loss; the radial fin 4 is added inside the wheel 5 to enhance the strength and rotation of the wheel Flow effect.
  • This new mixed flow fan structure has been tested and verified on a certain type of motor product of the company.
  • the test results and the motor’s ventilation and heat dissipation effect are obvious.
  • the air volume has increased by 60%.
  • the temperature rise of 4.XMW motor is about 67K, especially suitable for low temperature Speed (1200r/min), high-power air-to-air cooling wind turbine demand.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种混流风扇及电机，其中，混流风扇包括叶轮轮毂(1)、叶片(2)、轮盖(3)及轮盘(5)，所述叶轮轮毂(1)外装配有轮盘(5)，所述轮盘(5)表面呈斜面状，所述轮盘(5)和轮盖(3)之间均匀固有叶片(2)。该电机包括机座(8)、转子结构(9)、转子轴向通风孔(6)及转轴(10)，所述转轴(10)端部安装混流风扇。此种新混流风扇结构在公司某型号电机产品上进行试验验证，试验结果、电机通风散热效果明显，较一般轴流风扇风量增加了60％，4.XMW电机温升约67K，尤其适用于低转速(1200r/min)、大功率空空冷风力发电机需求。

Description

混流风扇及电机 技术领域
本发明属于电机领域，具体为一种混流风扇，适用于大功率、低转速、自通风双馈风力发电机，同时适用于其它型式电机，特别适用于电机内部转轴安装风扇自通风冷却结构电机。
背景技术
空空冷双馈风力发电机一般采用自通风(IC616)或强迫通风(IC666)冷却方式，1.5MW～2.XMW级空空冷双馈电机自通风冷却方式转子上多采用轴流风扇冷却方式，或采用离心式风扇冷却结构，风扇随转子旋转产生风压风量，将内部热量带出至空冷器进行热交换；转速越高，产生风压风量越大，冷却效果越好。强迫通风冷却方式一般在空冷器上装有一次回路冷却电机，虽然不受转子转速影响，但占据空冷器空间或增加电机总高度，尤其是对大功率电机来说，问题会更加突出，给空空冷电机的设计带来较大挑战，进而采用空水冷冷却方式。随着“风火同价”压力增大，风电机组降成本需求，采用空空冷较空水冷，可大大降低机组系统成本。
对于3.X～4.XMW大功率等级、低转速、自通风双馈风力发电机，随发电机功率增加，电机铁长、外径及体积在不断增加，因而发电机内部风阻也在不断增加。轴流风扇如图3所示，轴流风扇的特点是流量大，风压小，适用于风阻较低的电机冷却，轴流风扇的安装，往往不能满足需求，甚至适得其反，造成装了风扇和不装风扇差别不大。
针对3.X～4.XMW大功率双馈电机，因其转速低，功率大损耗较高，原来的通风结构很难满足通风散热要求，需要能提供较大风压、风量的风扇。因而大功率电机采用空空冷冷却方式，风扇设计成为电机设计需要解决的关键问题之一。
发明内容
本发明目的是提供一种新型混流风扇，当发电机的转速较低时，能够产生足够高的风压，满足大功率、低转速、自通风要求。
本发明是采用如下技术方案实现的：
一种混流风扇，包括叶轮轮毂、叶片、轮盖及轮盘，所述叶轮轮毂外 装配有轮盘，所述轮盘表面呈斜面状，所述轮盘和轮盖之间均匀固有叶片。
优选的，所述叶片采用直线元素扭曲设计，叶片出风几何角等于90°，与转子轴向通风孔对齐。
优选的，所述轮盖的轮盖导流端内表面采用唇边结构，所述轮盖的轮盖密封端外表面采用梳齿密封结构。
优选的，所述轮盘内部设有径向翅片。
一种具体混流风扇的电机，包括机座、转子结构、转子轴向通风孔及转轴，所述转轴端部安装上述混流风扇。
电机转子采用新型混流式通风结构，在有限的空间内，为了减少扩压损失和涡流损失，沿整个流动通道不构成扩压通道，通流截面保持相等。在风扇叶片内部通道除了通过通流面积的增大产生压力升外，完全利用离心惯性力增加压力升，同时在叶片扩压通道不产生流动分离和旋涡使流动损失最小化。本风扇轮盘和轮盖的形状均为圆锥形，使气体沿倾斜方向流出，既具有离心风扇的离心力，又具有轴流风扇推升力，空气的运动混合了轴流和离心两种运动形式。为了提高叶轮强度和流道的光滑性，轮盖导流端采用了唇边结构；为了提高叶轮强度和减少内泄漏损失，轮盖密封端采用了梳齿密封结构。叶片采用直线元素扭曲设计，使出风几何角等于90°，与转子轴向通风孔对齐。为了加强轮盘强度，轮盘内部增加径向翅片，具有旋流作用。
本发明设计合理，具有很好的实际应用价值。
附图说明
图1表示电机内安装混流风扇示意图。
图2a表示混流风扇正面示意图。
图2b表示混流风扇背面示意图。
图3表示现有轴流风扇示意图。
图中：1-叶轮轮毂，2-叶片，3-轮盖，3.1-轮盖导流端，3.2-轮盖密封端，4-径向翅片，5-轮盘，6-转子轴向通风孔，7-定子导风罩，8-机座，9-转子结构，10-转轴，11-轴流风扇叶轮，12-轴流风扇叶片。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施例进行详细说明。
一种混流风扇，包括叶轮轮毂1、叶片2、轮盖3及轮盘5。
如图2a、2b所示，叶轮轮毂1外一体装配有轮盘5，轮盘5表面呈斜面状，即轮盘表面呈锥面，轮盘5的小端作为进风端、其大端作为出风端。轮盘5和轮盖3之间均匀固有叶片2，叶片2的出风几何角等于90°。轮盖3的轮盖导流端3.1内表面采用唇边结构，轮盖3的轮盖密封端3.2外表面采用梳齿密封结构。轮盘5内部设有径向翅片4。
如图1所示，一种具体混流风扇的电机，包括机座8、转子结构9、转子轴向通风孔6及转轴10，转轴10端部安装混流风扇，叶轮轮毂1安装于转轴10上；混流风扇采用新型混流叶轮轮毂1；叶片2采用直线元素扭曲设计，叶片出风几何角等于90°，与转子轴向通风孔6对齐，降低风阻损失；轮盖3的轮盖导流端3.1(进风端)内表面采用了唇边结构，以提高叶轮强度和流道的光滑性，以减小风阻；轮盖密封端3.2(出风端)外表面采用了梳齿密封结构，以提高叶轮强度；该梳齿密封结构与位于机座8内壁的定子导风罩7间隙配合，二者相结合能够减少内泄漏损失；轮盘5内部增加径向翅片4，具有加强轮盘强度和旋流作用。
此种新混流风扇结构在公司某型号电机产品上进行试验验证，试验结果、电机通风散热效果明显，较一般轴流风扇风量增加了60％，4.XMW电机温升约67K，尤其适用于低转速(1200r/min)、大功率空空冷风力发电机需求。
应当指出，对于本技术领域的一般技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和应用，这些改进和应用也视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种混流风扇，其特征在于：包括叶轮轮毂(1)、叶片(2)、轮盖(3)及轮盘(5)，所述叶轮轮毂(1)外装配有轮盘(5)，所述轮盘(5)表面呈斜面状，所述轮盘(5)和轮盖(3)之间均匀固有叶片(2)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的混流风扇，其特征在于：所述叶片(2)的出风几何角等于90°。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的混流风扇，其特征在于：所述轮盖(3)的轮盖导流端(3.1)内表面采用唇边结构，所述轮盖(3)的轮盖密封端(3.2)外表面采用梳齿密封结构。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的混流风扇，其特征在于：所述轮盘(5)内部设有径向翅片(4)。
  5. 一种具体混流风扇的电机，包括机座(8)、转子结构(9)、转子轴向通风孔(6)及转轴(10)，其特征在于：所述转轴(10)端部安装混流风扇；所述混流风扇包括叶轮轮毂(1)、叶片(2)、轮盖(3)及轮盘(5)，所述叶轮轮毂(1)外装配有轮盘(5)，所述轮盘(5)表面呈斜面状，所述轮盘(5)和轮盖(3)之间均匀固有叶片(2)。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的具有混流风扇的电机，其特征在于：所述叶片(2)的出风几何角等于90°，即与转子轴向通风孔(6)对齐。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的具有混流风扇的电机，其特征在于：所述轮盖(3)的轮盖导流端(3.1)内表面采用唇边结构，所述轮盖(3)的轮盖密封端(3.2)外表面采用梳齿密封结构，所述梳齿密封结构与位于机座(8)内壁的定子导风罩(7)间隙配合。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的具有混流风扇的电机，其特征在于：所述轮盘(5)内部设有径向翅片(4)。
PCT/CN2019/119304 2019-07-31 2019-11-19 混流风扇及电机 WO2021017321A1 (zh)

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CN2045433U (zh) * 1988-09-26 1989-10-04 上海机械学院 混流式风机
JP2007321717A (ja) * 2006-06-05 2007-12-13 Hitachi Plant Technologies Ltd 斜流ポンプ
CN101783555A (zh) * 2009-01-19 2010-07-21 江门金羚电机有限公司 具有内风冷系统的小功率电动机
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CN110401300A (zh) * 2019-07-31 2019-11-01 中车永济电机有限公司 混流风扇及电机

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