WO2021017174A1 - 背光模组及液晶显示装置 - Google Patents

背光模组及液晶显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021017174A1
WO2021017174A1 PCT/CN2019/111131 CN2019111131W WO2021017174A1 WO 2021017174 A1 WO2021017174 A1 WO 2021017174A1 CN 2019111131 W CN2019111131 W CN 2019111131W WO 2021017174 A1 WO2021017174 A1 WO 2021017174A1
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Prior art keywords
light
liquid crystal
backlight module
display device
crystal display
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PCT/CN2019/111131
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
程艳
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武汉华星光电技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2021017174A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021017174A1/zh

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133603—Direct backlight with LEDs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133605—Direct backlight including specially adapted reflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • G02F1/133607—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members the light controlling member including light directing or refracting elements, e.g. prisms or lenses

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of liquid crystal display technology, in particular to a backlight module and a liquid crystal display device.
  • the light of the light guide plate is totally reflected in the light guide plate, and only when it is incident on the light exit port, it is collimated and emitted upward.
  • the light shielding area is set on the color film layer directly above each light exit port.
  • the size of the mouth is limited by the size of its corresponding shading area.
  • a light extraction component is used to extract the light emitted by the light source.
  • the light extraction component is usually a light extraction grating, and the light is diffracted or reflected by the light extraction grating to make it pass through
  • the light emitted by the light extraction grating has a certain degree of collimation.
  • the small aperture diffraction of the light extraction grating and the process deviation during the processing of the light extraction grating will affect the collimation of the light emitted from the light extraction grating, resulting in a divergence angle of the light. Therefore, the size of the light shielding layer needs to be done It is very large to avoid the divergent light from causing light leakage in the dark state of the display panel. However, if the size of the shading area is too large, the aperture ratio of the display device will be affected.
  • the light efficiency of the existing display device is limited by the size of the shading area, and the light energy utilization rate of the display device needs to be improved.
  • the present invention provides a backlight module and a liquid crystal display device, which can solve the technical problem in the prior art that the width of the light shielding layer is too large to affect the aperture ratio of the display device, and the light energy utilization rate of the display device is too low.
  • the present invention provides a backlight module, including:
  • a substrate LED chips arrayed on the surface of the substrate, and a light control film;
  • the light control film is arranged on the light-exit side of the LED chip, and is used to gather the emitted light of the LED chip.
  • the light control film includes a carrier film and a light-concentrating element
  • the carrier film covers the LED chip
  • the light-concentrating element is disposed on the surface of the carrier film and covers at least one partition The LED chip.
  • each of the partitions is provided with one light-concentrating element, and each of the partitions includes at least one LED chip.
  • the LED chips in the partition are connected in parallel.
  • the projection of the partition on the surface of the display panel covers at least one pixel unit.
  • the carrier film is a transparent film layer.
  • the condensing element is a Fresnel lens or grating.
  • the backlight module further includes a reflective layer provided on the surface of the substrate between the adjacent LED chips.
  • the reflective layer is a pasted reflective sheet or a sprayed reflective coating.
  • the LED chip is Micro LED or Mini LED.
  • a liquid crystal display device comprising the above-mentioned backlight module and a display panel arranged above the backlight module, the liquid crystal display device comprising:
  • a substrate LED chips arrayed on the surface of the substrate, and a light control film;
  • the light control film is arranged on the light-exit side of the LED chip, and is used to gather the emitted light of the LED chip.
  • the light control film includes a carrier film and a light-concentrating element
  • the carrier film covers the LED chip
  • the light-concentrating element is disposed on the surface of the carrier film and covers at least one partition The LED chip.
  • each of the partitions is provided with one light-concentrating element, and each of the partitions includes at least one LED chip.
  • the LED chips in the partition are connected in parallel.
  • the projection of the partition on the surface of the display panel covers at least one pixel unit.
  • the carrier film is a transparent film layer.
  • the condensing element is a Fresnel lens or grating.
  • the backlight module further includes a reflective layer provided on the surface of the substrate between the adjacent LED chips.
  • the reflective layer is a pasted reflective sheet or a sprayed reflective coating.
  • the LED chip is Micro LED or Mini LED.
  • the present invention applies the surface light source technology to the liquid crystal lens grayscale display technology.
  • each block of the multi-zone is set as a light emitting unit. Properly adjust the gathering and dispersion of light, and at the same time, there is no need to add a high haze film to cover the lamp shadow, which greatly reduces the thickness of the surface light source and improves the light energy utilization rate of the grayscale display technology.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of backlight module partitions provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a backlight module provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the light path of the backlight module provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of a liquid crystal display device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a method for using a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the width of the light shielding layer is too large to affect the aperture ratio of the display device, and the light energy utilization rate of the display device is too low. This embodiment can solve the problem.
  • the surface light sources include mini Light Emitting Diode (mini LED) and micro Light Emitting Diode, micro LED), but the current technology is in the process of realizing a full screen, lamp shadow and thickness are difficult to solve.
  • embodiments of the present invention provide a backlight module and a display device. Detailed descriptions are given below.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a backlight module.
  • the backlight module includes a substrate, LED chips arrayed on the surface of the substrate, and a light control film, which are arranged on the light-emitting side of the LED chip to achieve Convergence of the light emitted from the LED chip.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a backlight module partition provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the backlight module is divided into a plurality of partitions, the partitions are arranged in a matrix, and each partition is circular
  • the convex shape is used to perform the function of adjusting the backlight of the local area.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the backlight module provided by the embodiment of the present invention, which is also along the line A-A' in FIG.
  • a schematic cross-sectional view in the direction, the backlight module includes: a substrate 1, an LED chip 11, a light control film 2, a light-concentrating element 21, and a carrier film 22; the substrate 1 is used to carry the LED chip 11, and the LED
  • the chips 11 are arranged in an array on the surface of the substrate 1, and the light control film 2 covers and is arranged on the light-emitting side of the LED chip 11, and is used to gather the emitted light of the LED chip 11, and the emitted light is collected to The light-shielding area of the color filter substrate or coordinated with liquid crystal deflection and diffraction to the pixel area.
  • the LED chip 11 is a surface light source arranged in an array, including but not limited to Micro LED, Mini LED.
  • the light control film 2 is composed of the carrier film 22 and the light concentrating element 21, the carrier film 22 covers the surface of the LED chip 11 on the light emitting side, and the light concentrating element 21 is arranged on the surface of the carrier film facing away from the LED chip 11 and covers at least one partition of the LED chip.
  • the carrier film 22 is a film layer made of a transparent material
  • the light-concentrating element 21 is a Fresnel lens or grating, which is used to transfer the LED chip 11
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the light path of the backlight module provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • this embodiment also includes a reflective layer.
  • the reflective layer is provided on the surface of the substrate between the adjacent LED chips, and the reflective layer is a pasted reflective sheet or a sprayed reflective coating, so that the LED chip 11 emits light to the substrate 1 Through the reflection of the reflective layer and passing through the light-concentrating element 21, the problems of poor brightness uniformity and insufficient brightness of the backlight module can be further improved.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device provided by an embodiment of the invention.
  • the liquid crystal display device includes: the backlight module and the display panel.
  • the display panel includes an electrode substrate 3, a driving electrode 31, a color filter substrate 4, a light-shielding area 41, a pixel area 42, and a liquid crystal layer 5.
  • the electrode substrate 3 is arranged opposite to the color filter substrate 4, and the liquid crystal The layer 5 is arranged between the color filter substrate 4 and the electrode substrate 3.
  • the color filter substrate 4 includes a light-shielding area 41 and a pixel area 42.
  • the light-shielding area 41 is used to shield places that are not completely light-transmissive and cannot display correct gray scales, such as driving chips and signal routing used by the driving chips.
  • the line, the transistor itself, and the storage capacitor for storing voltage, and the ratio of the effective pixel area 42 to the total area is called the aperture ratio.
  • the side of the electrode substrate 3 facing the liquid crystal layer 5 is provided with a driving electrode 31 for controlling the electrical signal of the liquid crystal layer 5, driving the liquid crystal layer 5 to form a liquid crystal grating, specifically, the electrode substrate It is a transparent substrate to facilitate the passage of light.
  • the driving electrode 31 can be located on the electrode substrate 3 or on the color filter substrate 4, so as to control the deflection of the liquid crystal as a basis for selection.
  • the liquid crystal The light condensing element 21 of the display device can replace the light guide plate and the light extraction component, which effectively reduces the light loss of the substrate and improves the light utilization efficiency.
  • each partition there is one light-concentrating element 21 and at least one LED chip 11 in each partition, and the LED chips 11 in the partition are connected in parallel and the number is not limited.
  • the partitions are located on the surface of the display panel.
  • the projection covers at least one pixel unit, each of the partitions corresponds to one of the light-concentrating element 21, and the light emitted by all the LED chips 11 in the partition is collected to the light-concentrating element 21 in the partition.
  • the area of the subarea is larger than the area of the corresponding light-shielding area 41,
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of a liquid crystal display device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the driving liquid crystal starts to be deflected.
  • the increase of liquid crystal molecules makes the liquid crystal layer 5 form a liquid crystal grating, which is a diffraction grating.
  • the light collected by the light collecting element 21 is dispersed due to the diffraction effect of the liquid crystal grating and enters the color film substrate 4 ⁇ pixel area42. Therefore, the liquid crystal grating can be adjusted by controlling the voltage switch that drives the liquid crystal, and then the light state and the dark state of the liquid crystal display panel during gray scale display can be adjusted.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart of the method of using the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Step S1 when performing dark state display, the driving electrode 31 does not apply an electrical signal to the liquid crystal layer 5, and the light emitted by the LED chip 11 enters the light-shielding of the color film substrate 4 through the light-collecting element 21 District 41.
  • this step uses a Fresnel lens or grating to converge the incident light to the light-shielding area 41, avoiding light leakage from the pixel area 42 and causing dark light leakage, and can effectively reduce the color film substrate 4 from being irradiated by light. Therefore, the area of the shading area 41 is reduced, and the aperture ratio of the color filter substrate is improved.
  • Step S2 when performing bright state display, the driving electrode 31 applies an electrical signal to the liquid crystal layer 5 to drive the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 5 to periodically change to form a liquid crystal grating, so that the LED chip 11 emits The light rays are emitted toward the pixel area 42 of the color filter substrate 4 through the diffraction effect of the liquid crystal grating.
  • the incident light is diffused to the pixel area 42 and emitted through the liquid crystal grating, so that the light flux emitted from the color filter substrate 4 is increased, thereby improving the light energy utilization rate of the display device.
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Compared with the existing backlight module and liquid crystal display device, the present invention applies the surface light source technology to the liquid crystal lens grayscale display technology.
  • the optical adjustment module Through the optical adjustment module, each block of the multi-zone It is set as a light emitting unit to properly adjust the gathering and dispersion of light, and there is no need to add a high haze film to cover the lamp shadow, which greatly reduces the thickness of the surface light source and improves the light energy utilization rate of the grayscale display technology.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明提供一种背光模组及液晶显示装置，将面光源技术应用于液晶透镜灰阶显示技术中，通过光学调节模块，将多分区的每一个区块设定为一个出光单元，适当的调节光的聚拢和分散，同时不需要外加高雾度膜片来遮住灯影，大大减少了面光源厚度的同时提高了灰阶显示技术的光能利用率。

Description

背光模组及液晶显示装置 技术领域
本发明涉及液晶显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种背光模组及液晶显示装置。
 背景技术
传统的技术中，导光板的光线在导光板中全反射，只有在入射到出光口时向上方准直出射，在各出光口的正上方的彩膜层上设置遮光区域，导光板上的出光口的大小受限于其对应的遮光区域的大小。为了使入射至液晶显示面板的光线为准直光线，采用取光部件对光源出射的光线进行取光，该取光部件通常为取光光栅，通过取光光栅对光线的衍射或反射，使得经过取光光栅出射的光线具有一定的准直度。
 技术问题
然而，取光光栅的小孔衍射以及取光光栅加工时的工艺偏差等因素，都会影响从取光光栅射出的光线的准直度，导致光线存在发散角度，因此，遮光层的尺寸需要做的很大，以避免发散的光线导致显示面板暗态漏光。但是，遮光区域设置尺寸过大则会影响显示装置的开口率。
综上所述，现有的显示装置，光效受限于遮光区域的尺寸，显示装置的光能利用率有待提高。
 技术解决方案
本发明提供一种背光模组及液晶显示装置，能够解决现有技术中，遮光层的宽度过大影响显示装置的开口率，使得显示装置的光能利用率过低的技术问题。
为解决上述问题，本发明提供的技术方案如下：
本发明提供一种背光模组，包括：
基板、阵列分布于所述基板表面的LED芯片、以及光调控膜；
所述光调控膜设置于所述LED芯片的出光侧，用于实现所述LED芯片的出射光的聚拢。
根据本发明一些实施例，所述光调控膜包括承载膜和聚光元件，所述承载膜覆盖所述LED芯片，所述聚光元件设置在所述承载膜的表面，且覆盖至少一个分区的所述LED芯片。
根据本发明一些实施例，每个所述分区对应设置一个所述聚光元件，且每个所述分区内至少包括一个所述LED芯片。
根据本发明一些实施例，所述分区内的LED芯片为并联连接。
根据本发明一些实施例，所述分区在显示面板表面的投影至少覆盖一个像素单元。
根据本发明一些实施例，所述承载膜为透明膜层。
根据本发明一些实施例，所述聚光元件为菲涅尔透镜或光栅。
根据本发明一些实施例，所述背光模组还包括反射层，所述反射层设置在相邻的所述LED芯片之间的所述基板表面。
根据本发明一些实施例，所述反射层是粘贴的反射片或喷涂的反射涂层。
根据本发明一些实施例，所述LED芯片为Micro LED或者Mini LED。
依据上述发明目的，提出一种液晶显示装置，包括以上所述的背光模组以及设置于所述背光模组上方的显示面板，所述液晶显示装置包括：
基板、阵列分布于所述基板表面的LED芯片、以及光调控膜；
所述光调控膜设置于所述LED芯片的出光侧，用于实现所述LED芯片的出射光的聚拢。
根据本发明一些实施例，所述光调控膜包括承载膜和聚光元件，所述承载膜覆盖所述LED芯片，所述聚光元件设置在所述承载膜的表面，且覆盖至少一个分区的所述LED芯片。
根据本发明一些实施例，每个所述分区对应设置一个所述聚光元件，且每个所述分区内至少包括一个所述LED芯片。
根据本发明一些实施例，所述分区内的LED芯片为并联连接。
根据本发明一些实施例，所述分区在显示面板表面的投影至少覆盖一个像素单元。
根据本发明一些实施例，所述承载膜为透明膜层。
根据本发明一些实施例，所述聚光元件为菲涅尔透镜或光栅。
根据本发明一些实施例，所述背光模组还包括反射层，所述反射层设置在相邻的所述LED芯片之间的所述基板表面。
根据本发明一些实施例，所述反射层是粘贴的反射片或喷涂的反射涂层。
根据本发明一些实施例，所述LED芯片为Micro LED或者Mini LED。
 有益效果
相较于现有的背光模组及液晶显示装置，本发明将面光源技术应用于液晶透镜灰阶显示技术中，通过光学调节模块，将多分区的每一个区块设定为一个出光单元，适当的调节光的聚拢和分散，同时不需要外加高雾度膜片来遮住灯影，大大减少了面光源厚度的同时提高了灰阶显示技术的光能利用率。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例提供的背光模组分区示意图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的背光模组结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的背光模组光路示意图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的液晶显示装置结构示意图；
图5为本发明实施例提供的液晶显示装置光路示意图；
图6为本发明实施例提供的液晶显示装置使用方法流程图。
 本发明的实施方式
以下各实施例的说明是参考附加的图示，用以例示本发明可用以实施的特定实施例。本发明所提到的方向用语，例如[上]、[下]、[前]、[后]、[左]、[右]、[内]、[外]、[侧面]等，仅是参考附加图式的方向。因此，使用的方向用语是用以说明及理解本发明，而非用以限制本发明。在图中，结构相似的单元是用以相同标号表示。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
本发明现有技术中，遮光层的宽度过大影响显示装置的开口率，使得显示装置的光能利用率过低的技术问题，本实施例能够解决该缺陷。
面光源技术对于高动态范围(High-Dynamic Range，HDR) 图像传感器以及全面屏的实现起到了重要作用，该面光源包括小型二极管（mini Light Emitting Diode，mini LED）和微型二极管（micro Light Emitting Diode，micro LED），但目前该技术在实现全面屏的过程中，灯影和厚度等都是很难解决的问题。
基于此，本发明实施例提供一种背光模组及显示装置。以下分别进行详细说明。
本发明实施例提供了一种背光模组，所述背光模组包括：基板、阵列分布于所述基板表面的LED芯片、以及光调控膜，设置于所述LED芯片的出光侧，用于实现所述LED芯片的出射光的聚拢。
如图1所示，图1为本发明实施例提供的背光模组分区示意图，将所述背光模组分为多个分区，所述分区呈矩阵状排列，每个所述分区均为圆形凸起形状，用于起到局部区域背光调节功能，所述背光模组的结构如图2所示，图2为本发明实施例提供的背光模组结构示意图，也是图1沿A-A’方向上的截面示意图，所述背光模组包括：基板1、LED芯片11、光调控膜2、聚光元件21、承载膜22；所述基板1用于承载所述LED芯片11，所述LED芯片11阵列排列于所述基板1的表面，所述光调控膜2覆盖设置在所述LED芯片11的出光侧，用于实现所述LED芯片11的出射光的聚拢，所述出射光聚集到所述彩膜基板的遮光区、或配合液晶偏转衍射至像素区。
可以理解的是，所述LED芯片11为阵列排列的面光源，包括但不限于Micro LED、Mini LED。
在本发明实施例中，所述光调控膜2由所述承载膜22和所述聚光元件21构成，所述承载膜22覆盖在所述LED芯片11出光侧的表面，所述聚光元件21设置在所述承载膜背离所述LED芯片11一侧的表面，且覆盖至少一个分区的所述LED芯片。
其中，为了使光线顺利通过所述光调控膜2，所述承载膜22是采用透明材料制成的膜层，所述聚光元件21为菲涅尔透镜或光栅，用于将所述LED芯片11出射的光线聚集，如图3所示，图3为本发明实施例提供的背光模组光路示意图，为了进一步提高所述背光模组的光能利用率，本实施例还包括反射层，所述反射层设置在相邻的所述LED芯片之间的所述基板表面，所述反射层是粘贴的反射片或喷涂的反射涂层，从而所述LED芯片11向所述基板1出射的光线通过反射层的反射通过所述聚光元件21，能够进一步改善所述背光模组亮度均匀性差，亮度不足的问题。
依据上述发明目的，提出一种液晶显示装置，如图4所示，图4为本发明实施例提供的液晶显示装置结构示意图，所述液晶显示装置包括：所述背光模组和显示面板，所述显示面板包括电极基板3、驱动电极31、彩膜基板4、遮光区41、像素区42、液晶层5，具体地，所述电极基板3与所述彩膜基板4相对设置，所述液晶层5设置于所述彩膜基板4和所述电极基板3之间。
其中，所述彩膜基板4包括遮光区41和像素区42，所述遮光区41用于将不完全透光和无法显示正确灰阶的地方加以遮蔽，比如驱动芯片、驱动芯片所用的信号走线、晶体管本身、以及储存电压用的储存电容，而有效的像素区42与全部面积的比例就称之为开口率，为了提高光能利用率，需使所述液晶显示面板的开口率尽可能的高；所述电极基板3的面向所述液晶层5的一侧设置有驱动电极31用于控制所述液晶层5的电信号，驱动液晶层5形成液晶光栅，具体地，所述电极基板为透明基板，便于光线通过，所述驱动电极31可以位于所述电极基板3上，也可以位于所述彩膜基板4上，以便于控制液晶偏转为选择依据，在实际生产中，所述液晶显示装置的聚光元件21可代替导光板和取光部件，有效降低了基板对光线的损耗，提高了对光线的利用效率。
进一步的，每个所述分区内有一个所述聚光元件21和至少一个所述LED芯片11，所述分区内的LED芯片11为并联连接，数量不限，所述分区在显示面板表面的投影至少覆盖一个像素单元，每个所述分区对应一个所述聚光元件21，所述分区内的所有所述LED芯片11出射的光线经由所述分区内的所述聚光元件21后聚集到所述遮光区41的正下方，为了使所述液晶显示面板的开口率尽可能的高，所述分区的面积大于对应的所述遮光区41的面积，
具体地，如图5所示，图5为本发明实施例提供的液晶显示装置光路示意图，当所述驱动电极31上的电压施加电信号时，使得驱动液晶开始发生偏转，随着发生偏转的液晶分子增多，使得所述液晶层5内形成液晶光栅，且为衍射光栅，所述聚光元件21聚集的光线因为液晶光栅的衍射作用，入射光分散开来，射入所述彩膜基板4的像素区42。因此，可以通过控制驱动液晶的电压开关，调节液晶光栅，进而调节液晶显示面板在灰阶显示时的亮态与暗态。
本发明实施例中的液晶显示装置的使用方法，如图6所示，图6为本发明实施例提供的液晶显示装置使用方法流程图。
步骤S1，在进行暗态显示时，所述驱动电极31不对所述液晶层5施加电信号，所述LED芯片11出射的光线经过所述聚光元件21入射至所述彩膜基板4的遮光区41。
具体地，此步骤通过菲涅尔透镜或光栅将入射光汇聚至所述遮光区41，避免了光线从所述像素区42射出导致暗态漏光，可以有效缩减所述彩膜基板4被光线照射的面积，从而使得所述遮光区41的面积减小，提高所述彩膜基板的开口率。
步骤S2，在进行亮态显示时，所述驱动电极31对所述液晶层5施加电信号，驱动所述液晶层5的折射率呈周期性变化形成液晶光栅，使所述LED芯片11出射的光线经过所述液晶光栅的衍射作用向所述彩膜基板4的像素区42射出。
具体地，此步骤通过所述液晶光栅将入射光发散至所述像素区42并射出，使得从所述彩膜基板4出射的光通量增加，从而提高了显示装置的光能利用率。
本发明的有益效果为：相较于现有的背光模组及液晶显示装置，本发明将面光源技术应用于液晶透镜灰阶显示技术中，通过光学调节模块，将多分区的每一个区块设定为一个出光单元，适当的调节光的聚拢和分散，同时不需要外加高雾度膜片来遮住灯影，大大减少了面光源厚度的同时提高了灰阶显示技术的光能利用率。
综上所述，虽然本发明已以优选实施例揭露如上，但上述优选实施例并非用以限制本发明，本领域的普通技术人员，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内，均可作各种更动与润饰，因此本发明的保护范围以权利要求界定的范围为准。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种背光模组，包括：
    基板、阵列分布于所述基板表面的LED芯片、以及光调控膜；
    所述光调控膜设置于所述LED芯片的出光侧，用于实现所述LED芯片的出射光的聚拢。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的背光模组，其中，所述光调控膜包括承载膜和聚光元件，所述承载膜覆盖所述LED芯片，所述聚光元件设置在所述承载膜的表面，且覆盖至少一个分区的所述LED芯片。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的背光模组，其中，每个所述分区对应设置一个所述聚光元件，且每个所述分区内至少包括一个所述LED芯片。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的背光模组，其中，所述分区内的LED芯片为并联连接。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的背光模组，其中，所述分区在显示面板表面的投影至少覆盖一个像素单元。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的背光模组，其中，所述承载膜为透明膜层。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的背光模组，其中，所述聚光元件为菲涅尔透镜或光栅。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的背光模组，其中，所述背光模组还包括反射层，所述反射层设置在相邻的所述LED芯片之间的所述基板表面。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的背光模组，其中，所述反射层是粘贴的反射片或喷涂的反射涂层。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的背光模组，其中，所述LED芯片为Micro LED或者Mini LED。
  11. 一种液晶显示装置，包括背光模组以及设置于所述背光模组上方的显示面板，所述液晶显示装置包括：
    基板、阵列分布于所述基板表面的LED芯片、以及光调控膜；
    所述光调控膜设置于所述LED芯片的出光侧，用于实现所述LED芯片的出射光的聚拢。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的液晶显示装置，其中，所述光调控膜包括承载膜和聚光元件，所述承载膜覆盖所述LED芯片，所述聚光元件设置在所述承载膜的表面，且覆盖至少一个分区的所述LED芯片。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的液晶显示装置，其中，每个所述分区对应设置一个所述聚光元件，且每个所述分区内至少包括一个所述LED芯片。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的液晶显示装置，其中，所述分区内的LED芯片为并联连接。
  15. 根据权利要求12所述的液晶显示装置，其中，所述分区在显示面板表面的投影至少覆盖一个像素单元。
  16. 根据权利要求12所述的液晶显示装置，其中，所述承载膜为透明膜层。
  17. 根据权利要求12所述的液晶显示装置，其中，所述聚光元件为菲涅尔透镜或光栅。
  18. 根据权利要求11所述的液晶显示装置，其中，所述背光模组还包括反射层，所述反射层设置在相邻的所述LED芯片之间的所述基板表面。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的液晶显示装置，其中，所述反射层是粘贴的反射片或喷涂的反射涂层。
  20. 根据权利要求11所述的液晶显示装置，其中，所述LED芯片为Micro LED或者Mini LED。
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