WO2021015643A1 - Procédé et dispositif de surveillance automatisée de remplissage de conteneur pour ordures - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de surveillance automatisée de remplissage de conteneur pour ordures Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021015643A1
WO2021015643A1 PCT/RU2020/000221 RU2020000221W WO2021015643A1 WO 2021015643 A1 WO2021015643 A1 WO 2021015643A1 RU 2020000221 W RU2020000221 W RU 2020000221W WO 2021015643 A1 WO2021015643 A1 WO 2021015643A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
container
emitter
receiver
messages
pulse
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PCT/RU2020/000221
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English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Александр Юрьевич ШЕПТОВЕЦКИЙ
Сергей Алексеевич КОРОЛЬКОВ
Филипп Борисович МЕДВЕДЕВ
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Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "РадиоТех"
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Publication of WO2021015643A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021015643A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F1/00—Refuse receptacles; Accessories therefor
    • B65F1/14—Other constructional features; Accessories
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/28—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring the variations of parameters of electromagnetic or acoustic waves applied directly to the liquid or fluent solid material
    • G01F23/284—Electromagnetic waves
    • G01F23/292—Light, e.g. infrared or ultraviolet

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of public utilities, in particular to remote monitoring of the state of fullness of garbage containers (tanks) and their emptying, and can be used for remote monitoring of overflow of garbage containers, planning and organizing garbage disposal and for monitoring the timely emptying of garbage containers.
  • a method of automated wireless monitoring of the filling of a waste container is known from the prior art, which consists in the fact that a wireless ultrasonic sensor of filling is installed inside the container (tank).
  • the sensor detects the fullness of containers and sends data for processing via mobile communication.
  • the information is transmitted to servers and software that process information from the sensors and, based on the stored statistics, make predictions about the period of filling the garbage containers.
  • users receive information about the fullness of containers (see, for example, Internet sites http://wastetruck.ru/enevo/. Htp: //www.ecoprofl.mfo/docs/event 2013-09-11 presentation Enevo Heikki Tallgren ru.pdf,
  • htp //coolidea.m/2013/06/30/vyivoz-musora-tolko-iz-polnvih- konte neroy /).
  • the disadvantage of this method is that the ultrasonic sensors measure the distance at one point from the point of radiation to the nearest object in the container. Same result distance measurements by an ultrasonic sensor depend on the air temperature, which leads to the need for a temperature sensor and taking into account its readings for making a correction. Also, ultrasonic distance sensors have a "dead zone" near the sensor, within which distances are not measured. Considering that containers have different sizes (the most common containers have dimensions over 130x100 cm), and solid household waste has a different shape and is placed in a container randomly, the problem of determining the container filling by measuring the distance at one point is not fully solved.
  • the sensors use 2G / 3G / 4G modems, which requires relatively high power consumption for data transmission, which in turn requires a capacious power supply, which in turn leads to an increase in the cost and size of the sensor, which leads to an increase in the likelihood damage to the sensor by solid waste (when placed inside a container).
  • the information on the percentage of container fullness is transmitted to the monitoring system via the NB-IoT network at customizable time intervals.
  • the system calculates the approximate timeframe for filling waste containers, determines the optimal number and location of containers (see, for example, websites on the Internet https://www.mos.ru/news/item/56951073/, http: // www .mskit.ru / news / n213702 /)
  • the disadvantage of this method is that the optical systems measure the distance at one point from the point of radiation to the nearest object in the container.
  • the closest to the proposed solution is a method for servicing a waste container, including installing sensors, detecting the fact of filling the container, determining the temperature in the container, transferring data to a remote computer.
  • the filling sensor is installed on the side wall of the container at the upper edge, the filling sensor is initialized, and the reference distance to the opposite container wall is determined.
  • the moment of the beginning of filling is recorded, the distance to the opposite wall of the container is periodically measured, the moment when the distance to the opposite wall becomes less than half of the reference distance is recorded. They transmit information about the moment of filling the container.
  • Continue periodic measurement of the distance to the opposite wall of the container record the moment when the distance to the opposite wall becomes equal to reference distance.
  • Periodic measurements of the temperature inside the container are carried out, information about the temperature is transmitted to a remote computer, then measurements of the distance, temperature are repeated and information is transmitted to the remote computer for at least a month from the moment of initialization of the filling sensor. Based on the transmitted information, the rate of filling the container is determined by calculation (see Patent RU 2649150, published on March 30, 2018).
  • the disadvantage of this method is that the method described in the invention is based on the use of ultrasonic sensors, which measure the distance at one point from the point of radiation to the nearest object in the container. Also, the result of measuring the distance by the ultrasonic sensor depends on the air temperature, which leads to the need for a temperature sensor and taking into account its readings to make a correction. Also, ultrasonic distance sensors have a "dead zone" near the sensor, within which distances are not measured. Considering that containers have different sizes (the most common containers are more than 130x100 cm), and solid household waste has a different shape and is placed in a container randomly, the problem of determining the container filling by measuring the distance at one point is not fully solved.
  • the sensors use 2G / 3G / 4G modems, which requires relatively high power consumption for data transmission, which in turn requires a capacious power supply, which in turn leads to an increase in the cost and size of the sensor, which leads to an increase in the likelihood damage to the sensor by solid waste.
  • An infrared sensor of the fullness of the urn is known from the prior art, which measures the distance to the nearest obstacle in the path of the IR beam (see Patent RU 175025, Published on November 16, 2017).
  • a device for monitoring the filling of a container made in the form of an ultrasonic sensor, consisting of: a housing containing all the control electronics (controller, radio module), a battery pack, a base for attaching the sensor to a garbage container, and an antenna (see. e.g. a website on the Internet
  • htp //class.skvcluster.net/ media / documentation / archive / 2016 / files / 2016 iu 4 conf trashsystem.pdf).
  • ultrasonic sensors measure the distance at one point from the point of radiation to the nearest object in the container. Also, the result of measuring the distance by the ultrasonic sensor depends on the air temperature, which leads to the need for a temperature sensor and taking into account its readings to make a correction. Also, ultrasonic distance sensors have a "dead zone" near the sensor, within which distances are not measured. Considering that containers have different sizes (the most common containers have dimensions over 130x100 cm), and municipal solid waste has a different shape and is placed in a container randomly, the task of determining the filling of a container by measuring the distance in b
  • the sensors use 2G / 3G / 4G modems, which requires relatively high power consumption for data transmission, which in turn requires a capacious power supply, which in turn leads to an increase in the cost and size of the sensor, which leads to an increase in the likelihood damage to the sensor by solid waste.
  • the closest to the proposed device is a device for monitoring the filling of a garbage container, consisting of an optical sensor for monitoring the level of waste, a data transmission module and a microcontroller (see, for example, the Internet site htp: //www.mskit.ru/news/n213702/1
  • the technical problem solved by the invention is the elimination of all of the above disadvantages, as well as the possibility of automated control of filling and cleaning garbage containers by wireless means in any place.
  • the technical result of the invention is to improve the accuracy and reliability of monitoring the filling and cleaning of waste containers, as well as to increase the information content and reliability of information on the filling of waste containers, to ensure the possibility of timely detection of filling and cleaning of waste containers, to enable remote automated monitoring of filling and cleaning waste containers using contactless IR sensors, lower commissioning costs and lower operating costs due to the absence of the need for wiring communications, ensuring the possibility of long-term operation without the need for maintenance by eliminating moving mechanical parts, as well as ultrasonic, optical and other distance sensors, which give inaccurate information and the fullness of garbage containers.
  • a device for monitoring the filling and cleaning of a garbage container containing a pulse emitter for fixing on one wall of the garbage container, and a pulse receiver for fixing on the opposite wall of the garbage container
  • the pulse emitter includes at least one infrared (IR) emitter
  • a first control processor with software connected to at least one IR emitter
  • a battery connected to the first control processor
  • a pulse receiver includes at least one IR receiver
  • a second control processor with software connected to at least one A radar receiver
  • a radio transmitting device connected to the second control processor, a power cell connected to the second control processor and a radio transmitting device.
  • the pulse emitter can be made as a first printed circuit board
  • the pulse receiver can be made as a second printed circuit board.
  • the radio transmitting device may include a network module and an antenna connected thereto, and the network module may be connected to a second control processor.
  • the pulse emitter can have a housing and the pulse receiver can have a housing, and each said housing can be made in the form of a hollow tube, which has at least one IR transparent insert in which an IR emitter and an IR receiver are located, respectively.
  • Each tube may have at least one open end on which a removable cap can be mounted.
  • the pulse emitter can have a housing and the pulse receiver can have a housing, and a part of each said housing can be made of an IR transparent material, in which, respectively, at least one IR emitter and at least one IR receiver are located, each specified the body can have a fastening element for connection to the wall of the waste container.
  • the pulse emitter can include two or more IR emitters
  • the pulse receiver can include two or more IR receivers, while the IR emitters can be located at a distance from each other, the IR receivers can be located at a distance from each other, which is equal to or more or less distance between IR emitters.
  • the pulse receiver may include an accelerometer coupled to the second control processor and to the battery.
  • a method for monitoring the filling and cleaning of a garbage container which consists in the fact that at the upper open edge of the container on its opposite walls, a monitoring device is installed, made in the above way, and a pulse emitter is installed on one wall, and a pulse receiver, with the help of at least one IR emitter, periodically radiate along the open edge container, a packet of IR pulses, and with the help of at least one IR receiver, this packet of pulses is received, a radio transmission device using LPWAN or NBIoT technology periodically sends messages to at least one base station, each message containing the identification data of the monitoring device and a useful signal, with the help of at least one base station, each message is received, processed and sent to the network server, with the help of the network server, each message is received from at least one base station, processed and sent to the user's electronic device, moreover, sending by radio transmitting the device of messages containing the first type of useful signal is carried out periodically at constant time intervals when
  • At least one IR transparent insert can be installed in opposite walls of the container, in which the IR emitter and the IR receiver are respectively placed, while the device can be installed from the outer sides of the opposite walls of the container.
  • the network server when the network server receives messages from at least one base station, it can filter the received messages by discarding corrupted and / or false messages.
  • a network server when a network server receives messages from two or more base stations, it can aggregate the received messages by combining into one message the same message received from different base stations.
  • the monitoring device can adjust the frequency of sending messages.
  • the network server can be configured for the software of the user's electronic device by entering the identification data of the monitoring device into the database of the network server and associating the monitoring device with the software of the user's electronic device, and the network server can store the received from at least one base station of messages and carry out determining the software of the user's electronic device with which the monitoring device is associated.
  • Fig. 1 shows a diagram of the components of the proposed device for monitoring the filling and cleaning of a waste container
  • in fig. 2 shows the proposed device in a housing
  • in fig. 3 shows an example of installing the device on a garbage container, side view
  • in fig. 4 shows an example of installing the device on a waste container, top view
  • in fig. 5 schematically shows the connection of the elements with which the proposed method is carried out.
  • the proposed method for wireless monitoring of the filling and cleaning of a garbage container with a device 1 for implementing the method is intended for the timely detection of the filling of containers with household garbage, as well as for monitoring the moment of their emptying (cleaning).
  • the proposed method is implemented using a set of technical means interconnected by wireless communication channels and including (but not limited to): a device 1 for monitoring filling and cleaning a waste container; base station 2 (network gateway); network server 3 processing information (data); an electronic device 4 of an end user with special software (user application), while a phone, smartphone, tablet, laptop, personal computer or other device (software or service), with which the user monitors the content, can be used as an electronic device 4 and cleaning the dumpster.
  • the device 1 for monitoring the filling and cleaning of the waste container is a special LPWAN or NBIoT infrared sensor for monitoring the filling, which informs the user about the filling of the container and about its overturning.
  • Device 1 consists of a pulse emitter (first part) and a pulse receiver (second part). In this case, the pulsed emitter is a printed circuit board 5 of the transmitter, and the pulse receiver is a printed circuit board 6 of the receiver.
  • the pulse emitter of the device 1 includes: at least one IR emitter 7, a control processor 8 (the first control controller with built-in software) connected (connected) to the IR emitter 7, and a power element 9 connected (connected) to the control processor 8. Moreover, all of the listed components included in the first part of the device 1 can be located on the board 5 and made structurally with it.
  • the number of IR emitters 7 on the board 5 can be more than one (two, three, four or more, depending on the size of the container on which the device 1 is installed).
  • Processor 8 controls IR emitters 7, including setting the frequency of sending a packet of IR pulses (IR radiation, parcels).
  • the number of IR emitters 7 in a pulsed emitter is more than one (two, three or more), then they are located relative to each other at a certain distance, determined based on the size of the garbage containers and the reasonable sufficiency of the length of the device 1, i.e. its adequate size (for example, from 5 to 15 cm., or at a greater distance, and the distance between one adjacent IR emitters 7 can be equal to, greater or less than the distance between other adjacent IR emitters 7 in the case when their number is more than two).
  • Pulse receiver of device 1 includes: at least one IR receiver 10, control processor 11 (second control controller with built-in software) connected to IR receiver 10, network module 12 (radio modem) connected (connected) to processor 11, antenna 13 connected (connected) with the network module 12, the accelerometer 14 connected (connected) with the processor 11, and the power element 15 connected (connected) with the processor 11, with the network module 12 and with the accelerometer 14. Moreover, all the listed components included in the second part of the device 1 can be located on the board 6 and made structurally with it.
  • the control processor 11 can be structurally combined with the network module 12 (in the form of a single unit with which the IR receiver 10, antenna 13 and accelerometer 14 are connected).
  • the network module 12 with antenna 13 is a radio transmitting device.
  • the number of IR receivers 10 on the board 6 can be more than one (two, three, four or more, depending on the size of the container on which the device 1 is installed, but not less than the number of IR emitters 7). In the case when the number of IR receivers 10 is more than one, then they are (two, three or more), they are also located relative to each other at a certain distance, determined based on the size of the garbage containers and the reasonable sufficiency of the length of the device 1, i.e. its adequate size (for example, from 5 to 15 cm, or at a greater distance), and the distance between some neighboring IR receivers 10 can also be equal, greater or less than the distance between other neighboring IR receivers 10 in the case when their number more than two. Such a distance between IR receivers 10 can correspond to, and can be different than the corresponding distance between IR emitters 7.
  • the processor 11 controls the IR receivers 10, analyzes and processes the data received from the IR emitters 7, transfers messages (data, information) to the network module 12, stores the settings for the frequency of sending messages (signals) by the network module 12.
  • the network module 12 provides message transmission ( signals) in the data transmission network via antenna 13, as well as storage of the necessary parameters for operation in the corresponding data transmission network.
  • the network module 12 is a radio module that transmits data over the LPWAN channel; and in the case of message transmission using NBIoT technology, the network module 12 is an NBIoT module, i.e. a cellular modem and the cellular data network protocol is used for data transmission.
  • Power elements 9 and 15 are designed to ensure the autonomy of the device 1 (respectively, IR emitter and IR receiver).
  • Antenna 13 is designed to ensure the transmission of messages (signals) to a radio channel (cellular network).
  • the device 1 may contain a housing made in the form of two hollow tubes 16, 17, preferably of rectangular (square) cross-sectional shape (or any other shape).
  • Tube 16 is the body of the pulsed transmitter
  • tube 17 is the pulse receiver.
  • Tubes 16, 17 have the required length, which depends on the size of the container 18, on which the device 1 is installed, and on the size of the boards 5 and 6.
  • the board 5 is located (fixedly installed), and inside the tube 17, it is located (fixed installed) board 6.
  • each tube 16, 17 can have one open end and one closed end, or it can have both open ends, on which removable covers 19 are installed, allowing access to the inside of the tubes 16, 17 to the components (boards 5, 6 ) installed in tubes 16, 17.
  • Each tube 16, 17 has an IR transparent insert in its wall (the number of inserts in the corresponding tube 16, 17 is equal to the number of IR emitters 7 or the number of IR receivers 10, respectively).
  • the IR emitter (s) 7 and the IR receiver (s) 10 are sealed, respectively.
  • the body of the device 1 in the form of tubes 16, 17 is used in the case when the device 1 is installed directly on the outer sides of the opposite walls 20 of the container 18. And in the case when the device 1 is placed on the opposite walls 20 of the container 18 in a special pin (not shown), which is an overlay element on the outer walls 20 of the container 18, and which has special hooks for which the garbage collection machine lifts and overturns the container 18, then the device 1 may not have a housing, and the boards 5 and 6 are installed (placed) in the inner openings of the trunnion.
  • the device 1 can also be placed on the inner side of the opposite walls 20 of the container in the overhead body.
  • Such an overhead body (of both a pulse emitter and a pulse receiver) can have a part made of an IR transparent material, in which the IR emitter (s) 7 and the IR receiver (s) 10 are located, respectively. Also in this case, each body has a fastening element designed for connections to the inside of the corresponding container wall 18.
  • Device 1 is connected (connected) via wireless communication channels with base station 2 (or with several base stations 2) and provides transmission to base station 2 of messages containing data on received IR receivers 10 radiation (IR pulses, parcels) transmitted by IR emitters 7 ...
  • a method for automated wireless monitoring of the filling and cleaning of the container 18 using the device 1, the base station 2, the network server 3 and the user's electronic device 4 with special software is as follows.
  • the device 1 On the trash can 18 and ensure the configuration of the network server 3 in such a way as to ensure the delivery of messages from the device 1 to the application of the user's electronic device 4.
  • the network server 3 is configured for the application of the user's device 4.
  • the unique identifiers (identification data) of the device 1 are entered into the database of the server 3 and are associated with the application of the user's electronic device 4.
  • the unique identifier of the device 1 is, for example, the network address or the identification number of the device 1 (HO) or ICCID, or otherwise (determined by the used LPWAN or NBIoT technology).
  • LPWAN or NBIoT device 1 is installed on the outer sides of the opposite walls 20 of the garbage container 18, the filling and cleaning of which must be controlled.
  • the device 1 is installed in the upper (open) part of the container 18 along the open edge, mainly in the horizontal plane or close to it.
  • the first part of the device 1 pulse emitter
  • the second part of the device 1 pulse receiver
  • Two parts of the device 1 are installed in the upper part of the container 18 (along the open edge), so that IR radiation provides a horizontal (or close to it) line (in the case when there is one IR emitter 7 and one IR receiver 10) or the horizontal plane Z (or close to it, in the case when the number of IR emitters 7 and IR receivers 10 is more than one) along the open part of the container 18 (hereinafter referred to as the IR radiation plane).
  • IR emitters 7 on one side of the container 18 and IR receivers 10 on the other side of the container 18 create a virtual plane X by Y, where X is the distance between the opposite walls 20 of the container 18, on which parts of the device 1 are installed, and Y is the distance between the extreme IR emitters 7 (it is also between the extreme IR receivers 10).
  • the distance Y can be equal to the distance between two other walls of the container 18, on which the device 1 is not installed. This can cover the entire area of the container 18.
  • the distance Y insignificant, for example, equal to the length of the trunnion (for example, 9.5 cm).
  • the implementation of the distance Y, for example, 9.5 cm means that the plane of the IR radiation has a width of 9.5 cm (from the entire width of the container 18) and a length X (the distance between the walls 20 of the container 18, on which the device 1 is installed).
  • FIG. 3, 4 shows a variant of installation of the device 1, when each part of the device has a housing in the form of tubes 16, 17 installed on the outer sides of the walls 20 of the container 18.
  • the device 1 is placed in these pins , i.e. boards 5, 6 are placed in the inner space of opposite pins, which are mounted on opposite walls of the container 18.
  • the walls of the container under the pivot also have IR transparent inserts, in which the IR emitter 7 and IR receiver 10 are located, respectively.
  • IR transparent inserts 21 are designed to accommodate the IR emitter 7 and the IR receiver 10 while in the case when the number of IR emitters 7 and IR receivers 10 is more than two, then the distance between the corresponding inserts 21 on the corresponding walls 20 of the container 18 is equal to the corresponding distance between the IR receivers 10 and IR emitters 7, respectively.
  • the installation of the device 1 on the container 18 may require preparation of fasteners and / or preparation of the container 18 itself, including through the formation of special holes and the installation of IR transparent inserts 21 in them. There are no significant restrictions on the place of installation (fasteners) of the device 1.
  • Fastening methods devices 1 are not limited and can be anything.
  • the filling and cleaning of the waste container 18 is directly monitored.
  • two parts of the device 1 carry out continuous automated monitoring of the intersection of the IR radiation plane inside the container 18, located in the upper open part of the container 18 (along the open edge).
  • An analysis of the readings of the data of the accelerometer 14 is also carried out, which makes it possible to determine the multiple overturning of the container 18 in order to empty it.
  • IR emitters 7 periodically and often send (emit) short IR pulses (pulse packet) with a minimum interval between them. For example, IR pulses are emitted for fractions of a second, and the intervals between these IR pulses are V seconds (or any other adjustable time, for example, one or two, or three seconds, etc.), and the period between pulse packets is user-configurable and can be equal to one or two, or five minutes, or any other required time.
  • IR receivers 10 are periodically turned on to receive IR pulses.
  • IR receivers 10 are turned on for reception less often relative to IR emitters 7 (for example, once every 5-10 minutes, or another required number of times in another required period of time, which are configured by the user). When the IR receivers 10 are turned on, they "listen" for a time sufficient to receive a significant amount of pulses sent by the IR emitters 7 (for example, a packet of 20 pulses).
  • Each pulse of IR emitters 7 has a certain modulation. This is to protect against picking up radiation from remote controls and other extraneous sources of IR signals. Re-reflections from the walls of the container 18 and the lid are possible, but they are partial. When the container 18 is full, the re-reflections do not bypass the debris through covers, walls, etc.
  • the rules for changing the status of the container 18 can be configured, for example:
  • IR receiver 10 received the vast majority of pulses from IR emitters 7 (for example, 18 out of 20) - the full status of container 18 changes to "empty container";
  • IR receiver 10 received the overwhelming minority of pulses from IR emitters 7 (for example, 2 out of 20) - the status of fullness changes to "full container”. In other cases, the status does not change.
  • the control processor 11 of the second part of the device 1 determines the state of the trash can 18 - full or empty. Based on the state of the container 18, the IR receiver 10 may turn on less frequently. For example, immediately after identifying the state (changing the status) of the container 18 "empty container” after "Full container", the IR receiver 10 in order to save energy may not be switched on for a relatively long time (for example, 20 minutes).
  • Each IR receiver 10 can receive IR pulses simultaneously from several IR emitters 7 (if device 1 uses more than two IR emitters 7).
  • the plane of the IR radiation will be crossed with debris and the IR signal will not pass to the IR receiver 10. If the IR signal does not pass to the IR receiver 10 for a "long" time (that is, it is not a drop of debris), for example, about a minute, then one can state a significant intersection of the plane of the IR radiation and the state of the container 18 as "almost complete” or "complete".
  • the device 1 In the process of monitoring the filling and cleaning of the container 18, the device 1, using a radio transmitting device (network module 12 and antenna 13), periodically sends messages about the state of the container 18 being full by radio channel.
  • a radio transmitting device network module 12 and antenna 13
  • the device 1 transmits messages, each of which contains data (useful signal) about the full state of the container 18 (container). If the full status of the container 18 remains unchanged, messages are transmitted according to a user-configurable schedule. For example, once every two hours. Such messages can be used to monitor the operability of device 1 and the communication channel.
  • the value of the current state of the container 18 can be "empty container” (the first type of useful signal) or "full container” (the second type of useful signal).
  • a message with the value "empty container” is sent when the garbage container 18 is empty or when it is partially full (when the garbage is located below the plane (line) of the IR radiation and does not cross it, or crosses a smaller part of the area of this plane, i.e. when the IR receivers 10 receives most of the pulses from the pulse packet from the IR emitters 7).
  • a message with the value "full container” is sent when container 18 is full, i. E. with a full garbage container 18, or when most of it is filled (when the garbage crosses most of the area of the IR radiation plane, i.e. when the IR receivers 10 receive a smaller part of the pulses from the pulse packet from the IR emitters 7).
  • they can be sent multiple times (3-5 times).
  • the frequency of sending such messages is also configurable by the user, and the sending of such messages is carried out mainly within a time interval equal to or less than the period of sending messages with the first type of useful signal.
  • Periodic sending of messages is carried out using a radio transmitting device (network module 12 and antenna 13) using LPWAN technology or using NBIoT technology (depending on the availability of the coverage area at the installation site of device 1, the range of signal transmission from the radio transmitting device, etc.).
  • Messages are sent to base station 2 (or to several base stations 2) installed in the radio signal distribution area of network module 12.
  • the message sending frequency is adjusted. The frequency of sending is configured for messages with each type of useful signal.
  • the sending time intervals are longer, for messages with the second type of useful signal, less than for the first type, and when the container 18 is turned over, when the PC receiver 10 again receives most of the PC pulses from the pulse packet emitted by the PC emitters 7, messages for some time (for example, within 10 minutes) are sent with an even shorter time interval than for the first and second types, according to which the user judges the cleaning of the container 18, but then messages are sent again with the first type of useful signal.
  • Each message from device 1 contains the identification data of the wireless device 1 and the corresponding useful signal.
  • the container 18 is empty or partially filled, i. E. when IR receiver 10 receives a significant number of pulses (parcels) from the packet of pulses from the IR emitter 7 in one of the radiation periods, messages containing the identification data of the device 1 and the useful signal "empty container” are transmitted to the radio channel.
  • a full container 18 i.e. when the IR receiver 10 receives a small number of pulses from the pulse packet from the IR emitter 7, messages containing the identification data of the device 1 and a useful signal "full container” are transmitted to the radio channel.
  • the accelerometer 14 in device 1 may be absent, in this case, after emptying the container 18, messages are sent with the first type of useful signal "empty container", when the IR receivers 10 again receive most of the IR pulses from the pulse packet from the IR emitters 7.
  • Messages are sent periodically at constant time intervals specified by the user.
  • the user depending on the monitoring task, on the operating conditions, on his needs and on the place where the container 18 with the device 1 is installed, can set up any time intervals for sending messages (after a few seconds or after a few minutes, or every hour, or once a day at a certain time, or once a month at a certain time of the corresponding day, and so on).
  • the immediate (instant) out-of-order transmission of messages outside the user-defined schedule when the filling status of the container 18 changes, the immediate (instant) out-of-order transmission of messages outside the user-defined schedule.
  • the user using the application can be notified of the current full status of container 18.
  • LPWAN technology or NBIoT technology is used, and the data transfer protocol (cellular network) is determined by the LPWAN technology or NBIoT technology used in a particular case.
  • the frequency range depends on the LPWAN technology or NBIoT technology used in a particular case and the rules and permits in force in a particular region.
  • At least one base station 2 (network gateway) must be present in the radio signal propagation area of the radio transmitting device (network modem 12 with antenna 13). However, there may be a larger number of base stations 2, and to receive a message from device 1, already pre-installed base stations 2 can be used, or, if they are absent, base station 2 (or several base stations 2) is installed in the signal propagation zone from sensor 1.
  • each message is received from the device 1, processed and sent to the network server 3.
  • Base station 2 (base stations) carries out unconditional automated transmission of messages received from the radio channel to the message processing server 3 (taking into account the need to filter messages). Base station 2 sends a message to server 3 immediately after receiving it from the radio from device 1.
  • the method of transmitting data by base station 2 to server 3 is determined by a specific model of base station 2. In particular, the following methods are common - via a fiber-optic channel, ethernet channel, via a cellular network and via WiFi.
  • the data transmission channel used is determined by the composition of the protocols and data transmission supported by the network gateway.
  • Server 3 can be located both in the "cloud” and on the user side, this is determined by the LPWAN technology or NBIoT technology used in a particular case.
  • the network server 3 After the server 3 receives each message from the base station 2, the network server 3 processes each message received from the base station 2 (stations) and transfers these messages to the end-user application on its electronic device 4.
  • the server 3 In addition to the fact that the network server 3 processes the messages received from the base station 2 and sends messages to the end-user application, the server 3 also stores the messages received from the base station 2, analyzes the filling time of the garbage container 18, as well as the number of times it is emptied in certain time periods, determines the application of the user's electronic device 4 with which the devices 1 are associated.
  • All messages received from device 1 must be filtered and aggregated. This is necessary to identify messages that were distorted during transmission over the radio channel and remove them from further processing. Filtering can be performed as at base station 2 (network gateway) when receiving messages from device 1, and on the network server 3 when receiving messages from the base station 2. Aggregation is carried out on the network server 3 when receiving messages from the base stations 2. When filtering messages, garbled messages and / or false messages are discarded, i.e. discard both corrupted and false messages, or discard only corrupted messages if there are no false messages, or discard only false messages if there are no corrupted messages. Aggregation of messages is carried out to combine into one message the same message received at different base stations 2.
  • each processed message After the network server 3 has received each message from the base station 2, processed it, using the network server 3, the already processed messages are sent via the data channel to the user's electronic device 4 (user application), and each processed message includes the identification data of the device 1 (for example, its unique identifier) and the corresponding wanted signal (empty container, or full container, or emptying the container).
  • the method of data transfer is determined by the composition of the protocols supported by the network server 3 and the user's application.
  • An example of data transfer can be a public or proprietary API, or the open MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) protocol, or another protocol suitable for data transfer.
  • the identification data of the device 1 (correlation of the sensor ID 1) with the physical object is compared control, on which the device 1 is installed, and carry out notification (informing) the user.
  • the user is informed by periodically sending him messages (after certain periods of time, configured by the user), including the identification data of the device 1 and the first type of useful signal ("empty container” or "channel control").
  • the user using his device 4, can at any time check the operability status of the device 1 and the radio channel, and also make sure that the container 18 is empty or partially full.
  • the electronic device 4 upon periodic receipt of the message "empty container", can automatically notify (inform) the user of its operability by playing a signal in any possible way (playing a sound signal, light indication, vibration, etc.), or it can be in a passive state (rest state) and the user can independently use the application to check the operability of the device 1 and the radio channel, as well as the fullness of the container 18 (in this case, when the user opens the application on his device 4, the application can inform the user in any specified way).
  • the container 18 When the container 18 is full, the user is notified by sending him a message including the identification data of the device 1 and the second type of useful signal ("full container", it can also be used to check the operability of the channel when the container 18 is not emptied for a certain time). Thus, when the container 18 is full, the user is notified of this using his device 4 by playing a certain signal. When the container 18 is empty, the user is notified by sending him a message including the identification of the device 1 and a useful "empty container” signal (this message is similar to the "empty container” message, but sent immediately and at shorter intervals for a certain time). Thus, when cleaning the container 18, the user is notified of this by his device 4 by playing a certain signal.
  • the method of informing (notifying) the user can be any, for example, by sending an alarm signal on the device 4 or by light indication, or vibration of the device 4, or in any other possible way, including a combination of these methods.
  • the user's application can display, for example, a map of the location of containers 18 with devices 1 or a list of such objects, and the user has the opportunity in real time, being at any distance from the monitoring object, to check the filling and cleaning status of the container 18.
  • Device 1 periodically sends messages "empty container” / "channel control" to base station 2, which sends these messages to server 3, and then server 3 sends processed messages to user's electronic device 4.
  • "Empty container” messages are sent as often as necessary for the user. constant time intervals and the user at any time using the application of his device 4 can check the operability of device 1 and the radio channel, as well as the current state of container 18. As soon as the container is full, device 1 immediately sends a message "full container” also to base station 2, which sends this message to server 3, and then server 3 sends the processed message to user device 4.
  • the device 4 When the application of the user's device 4 receives such a message (“full container”), the device 4 notifies the user of the fact that the container 18 is full by giving a sound signal on the device 4 or by light indication or in any other possible way. Upon receiving the message "full container”, the user can immediately respond to this fact and take the necessary measures to quickly empty it. As soon as the container 18 is emptied (emptied), the device 1 immediately sends the message "empty container” / "empty container” also to the base station 2, which sends this message to the server 3, and then the server 3 sends the processed message to the user's device 4. When the application of the user's device 4 receives such a message (“cleaning the container”), the device 4 notifies the user of the fact of cleaning the container 18 by giving a sound signal on the device 4 or by light indication or in any other possible way.
  • IR emitters 7 and IR receivers 10 allow you to control tanks with sizes from tens of centimeters to 5 meters. Measurement of the horizontal plane with several IR receivers 10 allows you to determine when most of the IR plane is covered. That is, in the presence of separate elements of debris overlapping a small part of the plane, the definition of the state of the container 18 as "full container” will not be.
  • the architectural solution is based on the generally accepted 1oT architecture, which provides for a network gateway, a server that processes messages and sends them to the user's application.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Refuse Collection And Transfer (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte au domaine de l'économie communautaire, et notamment au contrôle à distance de l'état de remplissage de conteneurs pour ordures et de leur vidage. Le résultat technique de l'invention consiste en une amélioration de la précision et de la fiabilité de surveillance de remplissage et de nettoyage de conteneurs pour ordures, en la possibilité de détecter en temps voulu le remplissage et le nettoyage de conteneurs pour ordures, en la possibilité de surveiller à distance et de façon automatisée le remplissage et le nettoyage des conteneurs pour ordure en utilisant des capteurs IR sans contact. Ce dispositif de surveillance de remplissage et de nettoyage de conteneur pour ordures comprend un émetteur d'impulsions et un récepteur d'impulsions. L'émetteur d'impulsions comprend un émetteur IR, un premier processeur de commande avec un logiciel, connecté à au moins un émetteur IR, et un élément d'alimentation connecté au premier processeur de commande. Le récepteur d'impulsions comprend un récepteur IR, un second processeur de commande avec un logiciel, connecté à au moins un récepteur IR, un dispositif de transmission radio connecté au second processeur de commande, un élément d'alimentation connecté au second processeur de commande et au dispositif de transmission radio.
PCT/RU2020/000221 2019-07-23 2020-05-14 Procédé et dispositif de surveillance automatisée de remplissage de conteneur pour ordures WO2021015643A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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RU2019123242 2019-07-23
RU2019123242A RU2722576C1 (ru) 2019-07-23 2019-07-23 Способ автоматизированного беспроводного мониторинга наполнения и очистки мусорного контейнера и устройство для его осуществления

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RU204381U1 (ru) * 2020-09-24 2021-05-21 Публичное акционерное общество «Микрон» Устройство для дистанционного контроля за состоянием мусорных контейнеров

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CN105151594A (zh) * 2015-09-24 2015-12-16 武汉锦星科技有限公司 一种基于互联网的垃圾回收管理系统、管理方法以及垃圾桶
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