WO2021001627A1 - Dispositif de raccordement d'une conduite sous-marine à une structure fixe et procédé de raccordement associé - Google Patents
Dispositif de raccordement d'une conduite sous-marine à une structure fixe et procédé de raccordement associé Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2021001627A1 WO2021001627A1 PCT/FR2020/051146 FR2020051146W WO2021001627A1 WO 2021001627 A1 WO2021001627 A1 WO 2021001627A1 FR 2020051146 W FR2020051146 W FR 2020051146W WO 2021001627 A1 WO2021001627 A1 WO 2021001627A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- pipe
- fixed structure
- connection
- submarine
- underwater
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L1/00—Laying or reclaiming pipes; Repairing or joining pipes on or under water
- F16L1/12—Laying or reclaiming pipes on or under water
- F16L1/14—Laying or reclaiming pipes on or under water between the surface and the bottom
- F16L1/15—Laying or reclaiming pipes on or under water between the surface and the bottom vertically
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the connection to a fixed structure of a pipe, in particular for the connection of offshore installations for the production or export of gas. effluents, such as oil or gas, between them, with installations for the treatment of these effluents or terminals for the export or import of treated effluents.
- effluents such as oil or gas
- the invention relates more specifically to the connection of an underwater pipe of the rigid type to a fixed structure, which may be a gravity or piled platform, in order to transport effluents to or from this fixed structure over a distance which may go from a few meters to a few kilometers or even a few tens of kilometers.
- the invention applies to installations for the production of hydrocarbons at sea, but more generally it also applies to the transport of any effluent (semi-liquid, liquid or gaseous) produced or injected by installations at sea.
- any effluent (semi-liquid, liquid or gaseous) produced or injected by installations at sea.
- the submarine pipe rests on the seabed at a depth ranging from a few tens of meters to about two hundred meters, and it connects to the fixed structure at or near the surface by one end of a riser connected to the submarine pipe by a bent part.
- the invention applies more particularly to this bent part connecting the riser to the part of the pipe resting on the seabed.
- the submarine pipe has two ends which can each be connected to a fixed structure. A similar configuration is found for the connection of these two ends of the submarine pipe.
- the laying of the subsea pipe is initiated at a first end of the pipe and the laying of the pipe ends at a second end also called the end abandonment because it is the end that is "abandoned" at sea once the installation is complete.
- connection pipe section called the connection sleeve
- This connection sleeve can be either flexible (in the form of a flexible pipe portion) or rigid (in the form of steel tubes welded or clamped together).
- connection sleeve As an alternative to the connection sleeve described above, a long section of flexible (flexible) pipe can be connected on the one hand to the end of the rigid underwater pipe resting on the seabed and on the other hand directly to the fixed structure on the surface or in shallow water.
- a rigid riser method "launched” from the means of laying the submarine pipe is sometimes employed.
- the laying means is in practice a barge equipped for laying an underwater pipe and having in particular a lifting crane.
- This method consists in fabricating the riser at the same time as the pipe on the laying means, including the bent or bent part between the underwater pipe and the riser, and in transferring it to the platform using the crane of lifting of the laying means.
- This method is limited by the available hook height of the crane and by the minimum distance between the laying means and the platform when transferring the riser to the latter. For this reason, this connection technique is in practice reserved for very shallow depths, that is to say less than 50 m.
- connection solutions involve either welding or underwater mechanical connections requiring very expensive interventions by saturated divers or underwater robots, or very expensive equipment, such as flexible pipe sections, automatic connectors. or flexible joints.
- the present invention aims to provide a new type of direct connection between an underwater pipe and a fixed structure requiring no connection by divers or robots, no flexible pipe section, no ball joint system at the end of the column, no guide. bending during installation, and applicable for water depths ranging from a few tens of meters to typically two hundred meters.
- the invention aims, according to a first aspect, a device for connection to a fixed structure of an underwater pipe comprising, once connected, a main part capable of being deposited on the seabed and at least one riser. connected together by a bent part.
- the connection device comprises connection elements located on the fixed structure, able to fix the riser thereon and comprising at least one upper connection element and one lower connection element, laying means able to deploy the submarine pipe to connect it to the fixed structure, and tension means connected to the fixed structure and able to exert a controlled mechanical tension at at least two distinct points of connection of the submarine pipe during the deployment of the subsea pipe to form the bent portion before connecting the subsea pipe to the fixed structure.
- connection device in the connection device according to the invention, a first connection point is located at one end of the submarine pipe adapted to be connected to the fixed structure and a second connection point is located at a distance from the end. of the submarine pipe greater than the distance separating this end of the submarine pipe and the lower connection element fixed to the fixed structure.
- the tension means comprise at least a first cable and a second cable mechanically connected on the one hand to the fixed structure and on the other hand respectively to the first and to the second connection point on underwater driving.
- connection device results in an assembly of simple means which are operated and implemented from the surface without requiring the intervention of divers or specialized robots.
- the tension means comprise a third cable connected to a third connection point on the submarine pipe located at a distance sufficiently far from the end of the submarine pipe to once it has been deposited on the seabed, the third connection point is at the level of the seabed.
- the tension means further comprise at least one pulley capable of orienting the direction of the traction exerted by at least one of the cables on the corresponding connection point on the submarine pipe.
- deflection pulleys makes it possible to control from the surface the tension applied to the various connection points on the underwater pipe.
- the present invention relates to a method of connection to a fixed structure of an underwater pipe using laying means, the underwater pipe having a main part suitable for being placed on the seabed and at least one riser connected together by a bent part, said method comprising the following steps: deployment of the sub-pipe marine on the laying means to be placed on the seabed; connection to the submarine pipe of tension means connected to the fixed structure to which the submarine pipe is to be connected; deposit on the seabed of the underwater pipe; controlled traction on the submarine pipe by the tension means in order to gradually form the bent part of the submarine pipe; and connecting the riser of the subsea pipe to the fixed structure by connecting elements comprising at least one upper connection element and one lower connection element.
- connection method defined above makes it possible to achieve the transition between the main part of the submarine pipe resting on the seabed and the riser by using exclusively the pipe itself and by intervening from the surface without interrupting operations. laying of the underwater pipe. It also makes it possible to implement conventional installation means that do not require the mobilization of special means such as divers or underwater work robots.
- a first tension means is connected to one end of the submarine pipe to be connected to the fixed structure;
- a second tension means is connected to a second connection point of the submarine pipe located at a distance from the end of the submarine pipe greater than the distance between said end of the lower connection member;
- a first pull is exerted by the first tension means to bring the end of the subsea pipe to the fixed structure at surface level or at a shallow depth;
- a second traction is exerted by the second tension means in order to press the submarine pipe against said fixed structure in order to bend it and thus form the bent part thereof.
- a third tension means is connected to a third connection point on the submarine pipe located at a distance sufficiently far from the end of the submarine pipe so that once it is connected to the fixed structure, the third connection point is at the level of the seabed.
- This connection method makes it possible to implement simple means usually available on subsea pipe laying sites and which are operated and installed from the surface without requiring the intervention of divers or specialized robots.
- the riser is connected to the fixed structure by connecting elements after forming the bent part.
- the invention relates to an underwater pipe comprising, once connected to at least one fixed structure, a main part resting on the seabed and at least one riser connected together by a bent part.
- This bent part is an integral part of the submarine pipe and is produced according to the connection method as defined above.
- Figure 1 shows a schematic view of an underwater pipe connected by its two ends to fixed structures
- FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic view of a first phase of the connection of the initiation end of a submarine pipe;
- FIG. 3 illustrates in schematic view a second phase of the connection of the initiation end of an underwater pipe;
- Figure 4 shows a schematic view of a third phase of the connection of the initiation end of an underwater pipe
- Figure 5 shows a schematic view of a first phase of the connection of the abandonment end of a submarine pipe
- Figure 6 illustrates in schematic view a second phase of the connection of the abandonment end of a submarine pipe.
- FIG. 1 shows a rigid underwater pipe 1 having two types of connection.
- a first connection of a first end 2 of the underwater rigid pipe 1 to a first fixed structure 3 on the side of the initiation of the pipe corresponds to the direction in which the pipe is laid. It was through the first end 2 that the laying of the submarine pipe 1 was initiated.
- the ordinal numeral adjectives such as first, second or third are to be taken in relation to the direction of laying of the underwater pipe 1.
- the submarine pipe 1 once connected to the first and to the second fixed structure 3 and 5 has a main pipe part 6 deposited on the seabed 7, a first riser 8 connected to the first fixed structure 3 and a second riser 9 connected to the second fixed structure 5.
- the first and second risers 8 and 9 are respectively connected to the main pipe part 6 by a first bent part 10 and a second bent part 11.
- the submarine pipe 1 is connected to a fixed structure 3 or 5 without inserting an intermediate connection piece, such as a sleeve, or inserting a curved, bent or flexible section in the underwater line of conduct connecting the two fixed structures 3 and 5, unlike the conventional techniques described above.
- an intermediate connection piece such as a sleeve, or inserting a curved, bent or flexible section in the underwater line of conduct connecting the two fixed structures 3 and 5, unlike the conventional techniques described above.
- connection method described below makes it possible to form the curved transition between the main part 6 of the rigid underwater pipe 1 placed on the seabed 7 and a face or edge 13 or 14 of the fixed structure 3 or 5 on which the riser 8 or 9 of the submarine pipe 1 is connected.
- offshore fixed structures are generally supported by an assembly of legs placed or anchored on the seabed generally forming a regular polyhedron with three or four faces rising from the seabed to the surface.
- the riser 8 or 9 can therefore be connected as required on one of the faces or one of the edges 13 or 14 of the polyhedron formed by the leg of the fixed structure 3 or 5.
- the first and second risers 8 and 9 resulting from the formation of the first and second bent parts 10 and 11 are rigidly fixed to the fixed structures 3 and 5 by connecting elements 12 to a water depth such as the free part located below (in the form of a chain) can withstand the residual forces due to the external environment (in particular swell and current) and the forces due to the circulation of effluents inside the submarine pipe 1.
- the elements of connection 12 can be clamps which lock around the riser. They include an upper connecting element (closest to the surface) and a lower connecting element 20 (closest seabed). Depending on the length of the riser 8 or 9 to be connected to the fixed structure 3 or 5, one or more intermediate connecting elements 12 may be necessary.
- connection method makes it possible for the first end 2 with respect to the direction of laying to bring this first end 2 of the submarine pipe 1 to the surface, and for the second end 4 to bring it sufficiently close to the surface so that a connection can be made at less than 50 m of water depth, without resorting to so-called "saturation" diving techniques.
- This shallow connection can be made, for example, by a pipe extension 28 which is itself rigidly fixed to the same face or stops 14 of the second fixed structure 5.
- Figures 2, 3 and 4 illustrate different phases of the method of connecting the submarine pipe 1 to the first fixed structure 3 corresponding to the first end 2 by which is initiated the laying of the submarine pipe 1 by means of pose 15 which can be floating.
- a first, a second and a third cable 16, 17 and 18 are respectively connected to three winches (not shown) mechanically secured to the fixed structure 3.
- winches not shown
- any other means allowing '' apply a voltage of intensity similar to that of a winch, and to approach to the required distance the submarine pipe 1 of the fixed structure 3 or to adjust the length of these cables to the required length can be put implemented according to the invention.
- the first, second and third cables 16, 17 and 18 are deployed from the first fixed structure 3, passing if necessary but not necessarily through return pulleys 19, and transferred to the laying means 15 to be connected to the appropriate part of the underwater pipe 1 before it leaves the laying means 15.
- the first cable 16 is connected to the first end 2 of the underwater pipe 1. Then, the laying means 15 move away from the first fixed structure 3 in the direction of laying of the pipe. underwater 1.
- the second cable 17 is connected at a distance D1 from the first end 2 of the underwater pipe 1.
- the distance D1 is defined so as to be slightly greater at the distance separating the first end 2 of the pipe from the lower connecting element 20 on the first face or the stop 13 of the first fixed structure 3 once the underwater pipe 1 is installed.
- the third cable 18 is connected to the submarine pipe 1 from the laying means 15 at a sufficient distance from the first end 2 so that once the pipe is installed, the connection point of the third cable 18 is level. seabed 7.
- the pipe is assembled from the laying means 15 until the latter are at a sufficient distance from the first structure fixed 3 so that the underwater pipe 1 touches the seabed 7 at the level of the belly of the catenary thus formed.
- the pipe can be unwound during the progression of the laying means 15.
- the winches integral with the first fixed structure 3 pull on the cables 16, 17 and 18 in order to control the length of cable between the first fixed structure 3 and the cable connection points on the pipe.
- the first, second and third cables 16, 17 and 18 are connected from the laying means 15 to the submarine pipe 1 respectively by a first mooring point at the head of the pipe, a first submarine clamp 21 and a second underwater clamp 22.
- the strokes of the first, second and third cables 16, 17 and 18 are adjusted so as to maintain a constant tension in the submarine pipe 1 at the level of the means laying 15, and so as to control the formation of the curvature of the underwater pipe 1 between the lower connecting element 20 on the first face or stops 13 of the first fixed structure 3 and the seabed 7 which will form the first bent part 10 connecting the main part 6 of the submarine pipe 1 to the first riser 8.
- the relative position of the laying means 15 p ar relative to the first fixed structure 3 and the length of submarine pipe 1 deployed from the laying means 15 are also adjusted.
- the first riser 8 is fixed to the fixed structure 3 by the connecting elements 12. These can be closed automatically or by the intervention of various means such as plungers or remotely controlled "ROV" robots operating at shallow depths and the cost of which is significantly lower than that generated by deeper operations (below 50 meters).
- the connection elements Once the connection elements are closed, the first and second cables 16 and 17 can be disconnected from the submarine pipe 1.
- the third cable 18 remains connected until a sufficient length of submarine pipe has been laid. on the seabed 7 making it possible to take up by friction the laying tension applied by the laying means 15 to the underwater pipe 1 during the rest of its deployment by assembly or unwinding. Subsequently, it can be disconnected from the underwater line 1 either from the surface or using an ROV at seabed level 7.
- the submarine pipe 1 thus curved has entered the plastic sector.
- a control of the tensions and the strokes of the first, second and third cables 16, 17 and 18 and the position of the laying means 15 during the bending operation makes it possible not to bend the pipe by forming a plastic ball joint on one of the second or third submarine clamps 21 and 22 or at the level of the seabed 7.
- the profiles of the tensions and runs of the cables 16, 17 and 18 are defined by prior analyzes using dedicated software.
- a control system controls the position of the laying means 15 and the voltages applied to the first, second and third cables 16, 17 and 18.
- Figures 5 and 6 illustrate different phases of the method of connecting the second end 4 of the submarine pipe 1 to the second fixed structure 5.
- the second end 4 corresponds to the end through which the submarine pipe 1 is abandoned. by the laying means 15 when the laying of the submarine pipe 1 is completed.
- a fourth cable 23 and a fifth cable 24 are connected to two winches (not shown) mechanically secured to the second fixed structure 5.
- the fourth and fifth cables 23 and 24, connected to two winches (or any other means making it possible to apply the required tension and / or to adjust the length of these cables to the required length) are deployed from the second fixed structure 5, passing if necessary through return pulleys 19, and transferred to the laying means 15 (barge or boat) to be connected to the underwater pipe 1.
- the fourth cable 23 is connected to the second end 4 of the submarine pipe 1.
- the fifth cable 24 is connected at a distance D2 from the second end 4 of the underwater pipe 1.
- the distance D2 is defined so as to be slightly greater than the distance separating the second end 4 of the submarine pipe 1 and a lower connecting element 20 on the second face or stops 14 of the second fixed structure 5 once the pipe submarine 1 installed.
- a sliding plane 25 can be optionally preinstalled on the second face or stops 14 of the second fixed structure 5 so as to better control the trajectory of the second end 4 of the pipe.
- the total length of the submarine pipe 1 is adjusted when approaching the second fixed structure 5 to which it is to be connected, with respect to the relative position of the second fixed structure 5 and of the laying means 15 at the time of transfer and depending on the desired final elevation of the second end 4 after forming the second bent part 11.
- the second end 4 of the pipe is connected to the fourth cable 23 and to a spandrel buoy 26 temporarily attached to the submarine pipe 1 and intended to contain the trajectory of the pipe.
- second end 4 in a quasi-horizontal plane during its transfer from the laying means 15 to the second fixed structure 5.
- This transfer operation transfers the horizontal tension in the submarine pipe 1 from a drop cable 27 deployed from the laying means 15 and the fourth cable 23 deployed from the second fixed structure 5.
- the spandrel buoy 26 is disconnected from the second end 4 of the submarine pipe 1, as well as the abandonment cable 27.
- the submarine pipe 1 is then ready. to be bent in a controlled manner from the second fixed structure 5 without intervention from the laying means 15 as shown in FIG. 6 [Fig. 6].
- connection elements 12 can be closed by any means (automatic, by plungers or using “ROV”). Once these connecting elements are closed on the second riser 9, the fourth and fifth cables 23 and 24 can be disconnected from the underwater pipe 1.
- the pipe thus bent to form the second bent part 11 has entered the plastic sector.
- a control of the tensions and the strokes of the fourth and fifth cables 23 and 24 during the bending operation makes it possible not to bend the pipe by forming a plastic ball joint on the submarine pipe 1 at the connection points of the cables 23 and 24 or at the level of the seabed 7.
- the profiles of the tensions and the strokes of the fourth and fifth cables 23 and 24 as well as on the abandonment cable 27 are defined by preliminary analyzes using dedicated software.
- a control system controls the position of the laying means 15 and the tensions applied to the fourth and fifth cables 23 and 24 as well as to the drop cable 27.
- the pipe extension 28 is connected to the second end 4 to lead to the surface.
- the depth of the second end 4 of the submarine pipe 1 is sufficiently low so that the connection can be made by divers without a saturation system, and therefore economically compared to conventional solutions in water depths exceeding 50 m .
- the pipe can be used to transport effluents of the hydrocarbon type from the production or extraction zone to a treatment and / or export installation.
- the pipe implemented according to the invention can be used to inject effluents (water or gas) into the subsoil from a treatment installation to an offshore or onshore injection zone.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Laying Of Electric Cables Or Lines Outside (AREA)
- Electric Cable Installation (AREA)
- Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
MX2021016009A MX2021016009A (es) | 2019-07-04 | 2020-07-01 | Dispositivo de conexion de una tuberia submarina a una estructura fija y procedimiento de conexion asociado. |
TNP/2021/000265A TN2021000265A1 (en) | 2019-07-04 | 2020-07-01 | Device for connecting an underwater pipe to a fixed structure and associated connection method |
BR112021026011-0A BR112021026011B1 (pt) | 2019-07-04 | 2020-07-01 | Dispositivo de ligação de um duto submarino a uma estrutura fixa e método de ligação associado |
GB2118080.7A GB2598866B (en) | 2019-07-04 | 2020-07-01 | Device for connecting an underwater pipe to a fixed structure and associated connection method |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1907442 | 2019-07-04 | ||
FR1907442A FR3098271B1 (fr) | 2019-07-04 | 2019-07-04 | Dispositif de raccordement d’une conduite sous-marine à une structure fixe et procédé de raccordement associé |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2021001627A1 true WO2021001627A1 (fr) | 2021-01-07 |
Family
ID=67810958
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2020/051146 WO2021001627A1 (fr) | 2019-07-04 | 2020-07-01 | Dispositif de raccordement d'une conduite sous-marine à une structure fixe et procédé de raccordement associé |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
FR (1) | FR3098271B1 (fr) |
GB (1) | GB2598866B (fr) |
MX (1) | MX2021016009A (fr) |
TN (1) | TN2021000265A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2021001627A1 (fr) |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3531941A (en) | 1969-05-05 | 1970-10-06 | Pan American Petroleum Corp | Method of forming a riser for marine pipeline |
GB2004016A (en) * | 1977-09-08 | 1979-03-21 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Methods of and apparatus for connecting a floating surface installation to an underwater installation by at least one pipe and offshore hydrocarbon production systems |
US20070081862A1 (en) * | 2005-10-07 | 2007-04-12 | Heerema Marine Contractors Nederland B.V. | Pipeline assembly comprising an anchoring device and method for installing a pipeline assembly comprising an anchoring device |
-
2019
- 2019-07-04 FR FR1907442A patent/FR3098271B1/fr active Active
-
2020
- 2020-07-01 MX MX2021016009A patent/MX2021016009A/es unknown
- 2020-07-01 WO PCT/FR2020/051146 patent/WO2021001627A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2020-07-01 GB GB2118080.7A patent/GB2598866B/en active Active
- 2020-07-01 TN TNP/2021/000265A patent/TN2021000265A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3531941A (en) | 1969-05-05 | 1970-10-06 | Pan American Petroleum Corp | Method of forming a riser for marine pipeline |
GB2004016A (en) * | 1977-09-08 | 1979-03-21 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Methods of and apparatus for connecting a floating surface installation to an underwater installation by at least one pipe and offshore hydrocarbon production systems |
US20070081862A1 (en) * | 2005-10-07 | 2007-04-12 | Heerema Marine Contractors Nederland B.V. | Pipeline assembly comprising an anchoring device and method for installing a pipeline assembly comprising an anchoring device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
TN2021000265A1 (en) | 2023-07-04 |
MX2021016009A (es) | 2022-01-24 |
BR112021026011A2 (pt) | 2022-02-08 |
GB2598866A (en) | 2022-03-16 |
GB2598866B (en) | 2023-04-12 |
FR3098271B1 (fr) | 2021-10-29 |
GB202118080D0 (en) | 2022-01-26 |
FR3098271A1 (fr) | 2021-01-08 |
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