WO2021000895A1 - 一种挖掘机挖掘力测力装置及使用该测力装置的试验装备 - Google Patents
一种挖掘机挖掘力测力装置及使用该测力装置的试验装备 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021000895A1 WO2021000895A1 PCT/CN2020/099800 CN2020099800W WO2021000895A1 WO 2021000895 A1 WO2021000895 A1 WO 2021000895A1 CN 2020099800 W CN2020099800 W CN 2020099800W WO 2021000895 A1 WO2021000895 A1 WO 2021000895A1
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- plate
- tension
- measuring device
- sensor
- force measuring
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0028—Force sensors associated with force applying means
- G01L5/0033—Force sensors associated with force applying means applying a pulling force
Definitions
- the invention relates to an excavator digging force measuring device, which belongs to the technical field of hydraulic excavator testing.
- the excavator is the main tool for earthwork operations, and the digging force of the excavator is one of the main performances of the excavator.
- the size of the digging force is also the main basis for the design and strength calculation of the working device.
- the excavator bucket is used to pull the tension sensor to test the digging force.
- a wire rope, shackle, and ground anchor are also needed on the test site.
- the length and tensile strength of the wire rope have gradually increased, and the strength of the shackle has gradually increased.
- the weight of the wire rope and the shackle has also increased, and the installation difficulty and labor intensity have gradually increased. Reduce the test efficiency.
- the requirements for ground anchors gradually increase, and the increase in the strength of ground anchors also puts forward higher requirements on infrastructure.
- the present invention aims to overcome the above-mentioned defects, and aims to provide a test equipment with low installation difficulty, high test efficiency, low test site requirements and low labor intensity.
- a force measuring device for excavator digging force includes a left guard plate, a mounting bracket, a right guard plate, a tension and compression sensor I, a base, a tension and compression sensor II and a proximity sensor; the pin holes of the mounting bracket, The upper pin hole of the tension and compression sensor I and the upper pin hole of the tension and compression sensor II are mounted together by a cylindrical pin I; the lower part of the tension and compression sensor I and the lower part of the tension and compression sensor II are respectively hinged to the base; the left guard The plate and the right guard plate are installed on both sides of the top surface of the base corresponding to each other, and the two ends of the cylindrical pin I respectively pass through the pin holes of the left guard plate and the pin holes of the right guard plate; Proximity sensors are respectively installed on the outer surface of the shield.
- the mounting bracket is composed of a left support plate, a fixed plate, a right support plate, a bottom plate and a connecting plate;
- the left support plate and the right support plate are installed on both sides of the bottom surface of the fixed plate corresponding to each other, and the pin holes on the left support plate and the right support plate are coaxial; the connecting plate is respectively connected with the top surface of the fixed plate and the bottom surface of the bottom plate,
- the cross-sections of the connecting plate, the fixing plate and the bottom plate are shaped like "I".
- the tension and compression sensor II has an I-shaped structure as a whole, and the concave structure on the left and the concave structure on the right are each provided with two coaxial pin holes.
- the tension and compression sensor I is formed by integrally forming a convex structure on the left and a concave structure on the right, wherein the convex structure on the left is provided with pin holes, and the concave structure on the right is provided with two identical Pin hole of shaft;
- the convex structure of the tension and compression sensor I is inserted into the concave structure of the tension and compression sensor II, and the hinged connection between the two is realized by the cylindrical pin I.
- the left guard plate is composed of guard plate I and sensor mounting plate I; the guard plate I has a triangular structure with pin holes at the top corners, and the sensor mounting plate I is vertically installed outside the guard plate I The side surface is parallel to a slope of the guard plate I; a proximity sensor II is installed in the sensor mounting plate I.
- the right guard plate is composed of guard plate II and sensor mounting plate II; the guard plate II is of a triangular structure with pin holes at the top corners, and the sensor mounting plate II is vertically installed outside the guard plate II
- the side surface is parallel to a slope of the guard plate II; a proximity sensor I is installed in the sensor mounting plate II; the installation positions of the proximity sensor I and the proximity sensor II are mirror images of each other.
- the base is composed of a bottom plate, a mounting base I and a mounting base II; the mounting base I and the mounting base II are mounted on the base plate corresponding to each other, and the mounting base I and the mounting base II are each provided with a pin Hole is used to realize the hinged connection between the base and the tension and compression sensor I and the tension and compression sensor II.
- An excavator digging force test equipment including an excavator, a test plane and the aforementioned force measuring device;
- the force measuring device is fixedly installed on the bucket teeth of the excavator, and the force measuring device is in contact with the test plane; when testing the digging force of the stick, the attitude of the stick is adjusted so that the force measuring device is stuck on the test plane when the stick is retracted Unable to move, the force measuring device tests the digging force of the bucket at this time; when testing the bucket digging force, adjust the bucket attitude so that the force measuring device is stuck on the test plane and cannot move when the bucket is retracted. The force measuring device tests out Bucket digging force at this time.
- the included angle a between the test plane and the horizontal plane is 0° to 70°.
- the included angle a between the test plane and the horizontal plane is 30°.
- the digging force of the excavator is converted into the tension or pressure of the tension and compression sensor I and the tension and compression sensor II in the force measurement device during the test, and then the digging force can be obtained reasonably, and only the force measurement device is required.
- There is no need for heavy test aids such as shackles and wire ropes, which reduces the installation difficulty and labor intensity during the test process, and at the same time increases the test efficiency. Since no ground anchor is needed for auxiliary tests, the requirements on the test site are reduced.
- the invention has the characteristics of low installation difficulty, high test efficiency, low test site requirements and low labor intensity.
- Figure 1 is an exploded view of the force measuring device of the present invention
- Figure 2 is a structural diagram of the force measuring device of the present invention.
- Figure 3a is a front view of the mounting bracket of the present invention.
- Figure 3b is a side view of the mounting bracket of the present invention.
- Figure 4 is a structural diagram of the tension and compression sensor II of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of the tension and compression sensor I of the present invention.
- Figure 6a is a front view of the left guard plate of the present invention.
- Figure 6b is a side view of the left guard plate of the present invention.
- Figure 7a is a front view of the base of the present invention.
- Figure 7b is a side view of the base of the present invention.
- Figure 8a is a front view of the right guard plate of the present invention.
- Figure 8b is a side view of the right guard plate of the present invention.
- Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the practical application of the test equipment of the present invention.
- an excavator digging force test equipment includes an excavator 1, a force measuring device 2, and a test plane 3.
- the force measuring device 2 is fixedly installed on the bucket teeth of the excavator 1, and the force measuring device 2 is in contact with the test plane 3.
- the angle a between the test plane 3 and the horizontal plane is 30°.
- the force measuring device 2 includes the left guard plate 4, the mounting bracket 5, the cylindrical pin I 6, the right guard plate 7, the proximity sensor I 8, the tension and compression sensor I 9, the cylindrical pin II 10, the cylindrical pin III 11, the base Base 12, tension and compression sensor II13, proximity sensor II14.
- the pin hole of the mounting bracket 5, the left pin hole of the tension/compression sensor I9, and the left pin hole of the tension/compression sensor II13 are installed together by a cylindrical pin I6.
- the left guard plate 4 is installed on the left side of the mounting bracket 5, and the cylindrical pin I6 passes through the pin hole of the left guard plate 4;
- the right guard plate 7 is installed on the right side of the mounting bracket 5, and the cylindrical pin I6 passes through the pin of the right guard plate 7 Hole;
- the pin hole on the right side of the tension and compression sensor I9 and the pin hole on the upper side of the base 12 are installed together through the cylindrical pin II10;
- the right pin hole of the tension and compression sensor II13 and the pin hole on the lower side of the base 12 are installed through the cylindrical pin III11 Together;
- the bottom mounting surface of the left shield 4 is installed with the base 12 through bolts;
- the bottom mounting surface of the right shield 7 is installed with the base 12 through bolts.
- the proximity sensor I8 is installed in the mounting hole of the sensor mounting plate I21;
- the proximity sensor II14 is installed in the mounting hole of the sensor mounting plate II26.
- the mounting bracket 5 is composed of a left support plate 15, a fixed plate 16, a right support plate 17, a bottom plate 18 and a connecting plate 19.
- the lower side of the left support plate 15 is welded to the left side of the upper side of the fixed plate 16, and the left side of the left support plate 15 and the left side of the fixed plate 16 are coplanar;
- the lower side of the right support plate 17 is welded to the fixed plate 16
- the pin holes of the left supporting plate 15 and the pin holes of the right supporting plate 17 are coaxial.
- the upper surface of the connecting plate 19 is welded to the lower surface of the fixing plate 16, the outer side of the connecting plate 19 is parallel to the outer side of the fixing plate 16, and the center of the upper side of the connecting plate 19 coincides with the center of the lower surface of the fixing plate 16.
- the upper side of the bottom plate 18 is welded to the lower side of the connecting plate 19, the center of the upper side of the bottom plate 18 coincides with the center of the lower side of the connecting plate 19, and the outer side of the bottom plate 18 is parallel to the outer side of the connecting plate 19.
- the left support plate 15 is made of steel plate, and its right view projection is a triangle, the bottom side of the triangle is horizontal, and the top corner of the triangle is processed into an arc.
- a through hole is machined concentrically with the arc surface as a pin hole.
- the left side of the right support plate 17 and the right side of the left support plate 15 have the same shape, and the right side of the right support plate 17 and the left side of the left support plate 15 have the same shape.
- the fixing plate 16 is a rectangular steel plate.
- the vertical direction is the thickness direction, the inside and outside directions are the length direction, and the left and right directions are the width direction.
- the connecting plate 19 is a rectangular steel plate.
- the vertical direction is the length direction, the inner and outer directions are the thickness direction, and the left and right directions are the width direction.
- the bottom plate 18 is a rectangular steel plate.
- the vertical direction is the thickness direction, the inside and outside directions are the width direction, and the left and right directions are the length direction.
- the projection of the front view of the tension and compression sensor II13 is "I" shape, the up and down direction is the width direction, the left and right direction is the length direction, and the inner and outer directions are the thickness direction.
- the left side is processed into an arc surface, the axis of the arc surface is parallel to the width direction, and the through hole is processed concentrically with the left arc surface as the left pin hole;
- the right side is processed into an arc surface, the axis and width of the arc surface
- the direction is parallel, and the through hole is processed concentrically with the arc surface on the right as the pin hole on the right.
- the front view projection of the tension and compression sensor I9 is separated from the middle, the left side is a "convex" shape and rotated 90° to the left, and the right side is the right half of the "I" shape separated from the middle; the vertical direction is the width direction , The left and right directions are the length directions, and the inner and outer directions are the thickness directions.
- the left side is processed into an arc surface, the axis of the arc surface is parallel to the width direction, and the through hole is processed concentrically with the left arc surface as the left pin hole;
- the right side is processed into an arc surface, the axis and width of the arc surface The direction is parallel, and the through hole is processed concentrically with the arc surface on the right as the pin hole on the right.
- the left guard plate 4 is composed of a guard plate I 20 and a sensor mounting plate I 21.
- the sensor mounting plate I 21 is vertically installed on the outer side of the guard plate I 20 and parallel to the right slope.
- the guard plate I20 is made of steel plate; the upper part of the front view projection is a triangle, the lower side of the triangle is horizontal, the upper corner of the triangle is processed into an arc shape, and the through hole is processed concentric with the arc surface as a pin hole.
- the middle part of the guard plate I20 is a rectangular steel plate, the left and right direction of the rectangle is the length direction, and the up and down direction is the width direction.
- the length of the rectangle is the same as the side length of the lower part of the triangle.
- the shape of the lower part is that the steel plate is bent 90° to the outside along the horizontal line, and the length of the steel plate is the same as that of the rectangular steel plate in the middle.
- the sensor mounting plate I21 is a square iron plate with a circular through hole in the center as the mounting hole.
- the base 12 is composed of a bottom plate 23, a mounting seat I22 and a mounting seat II24.
- the shape and structure of the mounting base I22 and the mounting base II24 are the same.
- the mounting surface of the mounting seat I22 is welded to the upper part of the outer plane of the bottom plate 23, and the pin hole axis is parallel to the width direction of the bottom plate 23; the position of the mounting seat II24 is symmetrical with the symmetry plane of the mounting seat I22 parallel to the bottom plate 23 and the width direction.
- the base 12 is symmetrical with respect to the symmetry plane of the bottom plate 23 parallel to the longitudinal direction.
- the bottom plate 23 is a rectangular steel plate, the vertical direction is the length direction, the left and right direction are the width direction, and the inside and outside are the thickness direction.
- the mounting seat I22 is a "U"-shaped column with a mid-section shape, and a through hole is processed coaxially with the top arc as a pin hole. The upper part of the "U"-shaped column is a mounting plane.
- the right guard plate 7 is composed of guard plate II25 and sensor mounting plate II26.
- the sensor mounting plate II26 is vertically installed on the outer side of guard plate II25 and parallel to the right slope.
- the guard plate II 25 and guard plate I 20 are mirror images of each other.
- the sensor mounting plate I21 and sensor mounting plate II26 have the same appearance.
- the digging force of the excavator is converted into the tension or pressure of the tension and compression sensor I9 and the tension and compression sensor II2 in the force measuring device 2 during the test, and then the digging force can be calculated reasonably.
- the left guard plate 4 and The pin hole of the right guard plate 7 is slightly larger than the diameter of the cylindrical pin I6. When overloaded, the cylindrical pin I6 will contact the pin hole of the guard plate to offset part of the tension or pressure and play the role of overload protection.
- the proximity sensor I8 and the proximity sensor II14 are used to detect whether the fixed 16 is in contact with the outer surface of the tension/compression sensor I9 and the tension/compression sensor II13 to prevent the experimental data from being wrong.
- the force measuring device Only need to install the force measuring device, do not need heavy test auxiliary equipment such as shackles, wire rope, etc., which reduces the installation difficulty and labor intensity in the test process, and at the same time increases the test efficiency. Since no ground anchor is needed for auxiliary tests, the requirements on the test site are reduced. Therefore, the invention has the characteristics of low installation difficulty, high test efficiency, low test site requirements, and low labor intensity.
- the excavator's digging force is converted into the tension or pressure of the tension and compression sensor I and the tension and compression sensor II in the force measuring device during the test, and the digging force can be obtained by reasonable calculation.
- the force device does not require heavy test aids such as shackles and wire ropes, which reduces the installation difficulty and labor intensity during the test process, and at the same time increases the test efficiency. Since no ground anchor is needed for auxiliary tests, the requirements on the test site are reduced.
- the invention has the characteristics of low installation difficulty, high test efficiency, low test site requirements and low labor intensity.
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- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
一种挖掘机挖掘力测力装置及使用该测力装置的试验设备，其中测力装置包括左护板（4）、安装支架（5）、右护板（7）、拉压传感器I（9）、基座（12）、拉压传感器II（13）和接近传感器（8,14）；安装支架（5）的销孔、拉压传感器I（9）的上部销孔和拉压传感器II（13）的上部销孔通过圆柱销I（6）安装在一起；拉压传感器I（9）下部和拉压传感器II（13）的下部分别与基座（12）相铰接；左护板（4）、右护板（7）相互对应的安装在基座（12）的顶面两侧，且圆柱销I（6）的两端分别穿过左护板（4）的销孔和右护板（7）的销孔；在左护板（4）、右护板（7）的外侧面上分别安装有接近传感器（8,14）。该挖掘机挖掘力测力装置具有安装难度低、试验效率高、试验场地要求低、劳动强度低的特点。
Description
本发明涉及一种挖掘机挖掘力测力装置，属于液压挖掘机试验技术领域。
挖掘机是土石方作业的主要的主要工具，挖掘机挖掘力的大小是挖掘机的主要性能之一。在设计过程中，挖掘力的大小也是进行工作装置设计和强度计算的主要依据。通常在挖掘机挖掘力试验过程中通过挖掘机铲斗去拉拉力传感器测试挖掘力，除了需要拉力传感器之外，还需要钢丝绳、卸扣，在试验场地上还需要地锚。随着车辆吨位的增加，钢丝绳的长度和抗拉强度也逐步增加，卸扣的强度也逐步增加，钢丝绳和卸扣的重量也随之增加，在安装难度和劳动强度上也逐步增加，同时也降低了试验效率。在试验场地上随着挖掘力的增大对地锚的要求也逐步增加，同时地锚的强度的增加对基建也提出了更高的要求。
发明内容
本发明旨在克服上述缺陷，目的是提供一种安装难度低、试验效率高、试验场地要求低、劳动强度低的试验装备。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是：
一种挖掘机挖掘力测力装置，该测力装置包括左护板、安装支架、右护板、拉压传感器Ⅰ、基座、拉压传感器Ⅱ和接近传感器；所述安装支架的销孔、拉压传感器Ⅰ的上部销孔和拉压传感器Ⅱ的上部销孔通过圆柱销Ⅰ安装在一起；所述拉压传感器Ⅰ下部和拉压传感器Ⅱ的下部分别与基座相铰接；所述左护板、右护板相互对应的安装在基座的顶面两侧，且圆柱销Ⅰ的两端分别穿过左护板的销孔和右护板的销孔；在所述左护板、右护板的外侧面上分别安装有接近传感器。
进一步，所述安装支架由左支撑板、固定板、右支撑板、底板和连接板组成；
所述左支撑板、右支撑板相互对应的安装在固定板底面两侧，且左支撑板、右支撑板上的销孔同轴；所述连接板分别与固定板顶面和底板底面相连，使得连接板、固定板和底板截面呈“工”字型。
进一步，所述拉压传感器Ⅱ整体呈“工”字型结构，左侧的凹型结构以及右侧的凹型结构中各设有两个同轴的销孔。
进一步，所述拉压传感器Ⅰ由左侧的凸型结构和右侧的凹型结构一体成型组成，其中， 左侧的凸型结构中设有销孔，右侧的凹型结构中设有两个同轴的销孔；
拉压传感器Ⅰ的凸型结构插入到拉压传感器Ⅱ的凹型结构中，通过圆柱销Ⅰ实现两者的铰接。
进一步，所述左护板由护板Ⅰ和传感器安装板Ⅰ组成；所述护板Ⅰ呈三角形结构，其顶部夹角处设有销孔，所述传感器安装板Ⅰ垂直安装于护板Ⅰ外侧面，且与护板Ⅰ一斜面相平行；在所述传感器安装板Ⅰ中安装有接近传感器Ⅱ。
进一步，所述右护板由护板Ⅱ和传感器安装板Ⅱ组成；所述护板Ⅱ呈三角形结构，其顶部夹角处设有销孔，所述传感器安装板Ⅱ垂直安装于护板Ⅱ外侧面，且与护板Ⅱ一斜面相平行；在所述传感器安装板Ⅱ中安装有接近传感器Ⅰ；所述接近传感器Ⅰ与接近传感器Ⅱ安装位置互为镜像。
进一步，所述基座由底板、安装座Ⅰ和安装座Ⅱ组成；所述安装座Ⅰ和安装座Ⅱ相互对应的安装在底板上，所述安装座Ⅰ和安装座Ⅱ中各设有一个销孔，用以实现基座与拉压传感器Ⅰ和拉压传感器Ⅱ相铰接。
一种挖掘机挖掘力试验装备，包括挖掘机、试验平面以及前述的测力装置；
所述测力装置固定安装于挖掘机的斗齿上，测力装置与试验平面相接触；试验斗杆挖掘力时，调整斗杆姿态，使内收斗杆时测力装置卡在试验平面上无法移动，测力装置测试出此时的斗杆挖掘力；试验铲斗挖掘力时，调整铲斗姿态，使内收铲斗时测力装置卡在试验平面上无法移动，测力装置测试出此时的铲斗挖掘力。
进一步，所述试验平面与水平面的夹角a为0°～70°。
进一步，所述试验平面与水平面的夹角a为30°。
本发明有益效果：
由于采用上述方案，在试验过程中将挖掘机的挖掘力转化为测力装置中拉压传感器Ⅰ和拉压传感器Ⅱ的拉力或压力，进而通过合理求出挖掘力，仅仅需要安装测力装置，不需要卸扣、钢丝绳等较重试验辅助器材，减小了试验过程中的安装难度和劳动强度，同时增加了试验效率。由于不需要地锚辅助试验，降低了对试验场地的要求。
因此本发明具有安装难度低、试验效率高、试验场地要求低、劳动强度低的特点。
图1为本发明的测力装置分解图；
图2为本发明的测力装置结构图；
图3a为本发明的安装支架主视图；
图3b为本发明的安装支架侧视图；
图4为本发明的拉压传感器Ⅱ结构图；
图5为本发明的拉压传感器Ⅰ结构图；
图6a为本发明的左护板主视图；
图6b为本发明的左护板侧视图；
图7a为本发明的基座主视图；
图7b为本发明的基座侧视图；
图8a为本发明的右护板主视图；
图8b为本发明的右护板侧视图；
图9为本发明的试验装备实际应用示意图。
图中:1挖掘机、2测力装置、3试验平面、4左护板、5安装支架6、圆柱销Ⅰ、7右护板、8接近传感器Ⅰ、9拉压传感器Ⅰ、10圆柱销Ⅱ、11圆柱销Ⅲ、12基座、13拉压传感器Ⅱ、14接近传感器Ⅱ、15左支撑板、16固定板、17右支撑板、18底板、19连接板、20护板Ⅰ、21传感器安装板Ⅰ、22安装座Ⅰ、23底板、24安装座Ⅱ、25护板Ⅱ、26传感器安装板Ⅱ。
为使本发明实施的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行更加详细的描述。在附图中，自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。下面结合附图对本发明的实施例进行详细说明。
如图9所示，一种挖掘机挖掘力试验装备，包括挖掘机1、测力装置2、试验平面3。测力装置2固定安装于挖掘机1的斗齿上，测力装置2与试验平面3相接触。试验平面3与水平面的夹角a为30°。试验斗杆挖掘力时，调整斗杆姿态，使内收斗杆时测力装置2卡在试验平面3上无法移动，测力装置2测试出此时的斗杆挖掘力。试验铲斗挖掘力时，调整铲斗姿态，使内收铲斗时测力装置2卡在试验平面3上无法移动，测力装置2测试出此时的铲斗挖掘力。
如图1、图2所示，测力装置2包括左护板4、安装支架5、圆柱销Ⅰ6、右护板7、接近传感器Ⅰ8、拉压传感器Ⅰ9、圆柱销Ⅱ10、圆柱销Ⅲ11、基座12、拉压传感器Ⅱ13、接 近传感器Ⅱ14。安装支架5的销孔、拉压传感器Ⅰ9的左侧销孔和拉压传感器Ⅱ13的左侧销孔通过圆柱销Ⅰ6安装在一起。左护板4安装于安装支架5左侧，且圆柱销Ⅰ6穿过左护板4的销孔；右护板7安装于安装支架5右侧，且圆柱销Ⅰ6穿过右护板7的销孔；拉压传感器Ⅰ9的右侧销孔和基座12上侧销孔通过圆柱销Ⅱ10安装在一起；拉压传感器Ⅱ13的右侧销孔和基座12下侧销孔通过圆柱销Ⅲ11安装在一起；左护板4的底部安装面通过螺栓和基座12安装在一起；右护板7的底部安装面通过螺栓和基座12安装在一起。接近传感器Ⅰ8安装于传感器安装板Ⅰ21的安装孔内；接近传感器Ⅱ14安装于传感器安装板Ⅱ26的安装孔内。
如图3a、3b所示，安装支架5由左支撑板15、固定板16、右支撑板17、底板18和连接板19组成。左支撑板15的下侧面焊接于固定板16的上侧面左侧，且左支撑板15的左侧面和固定板16的左侧面共面；右支撑板17的下侧面焊接于固定板16的上侧面右侧，且右支撑板17的右侧面和固定板16的右侧面共面；左支撑板15的销孔与右支撑板17的销孔同轴。连接板19的上表面焊接于固定板16的下表面，连接板19的外侧面与固定板16的外侧面平行，连接板19的上侧面中心与固定板16的下表面中心重合。底板18的上侧面焊接于连接板19的下侧面，底板18的上侧面中心与连接板19的下侧面中心重合，底板18的外侧面与连接板19的外侧面平行。左支撑板15由钢板制作而成，其右视图投影为三角形，三角形底边水平，三角形顶部角加工成圆弧。与圆弧面同心加工通孔作为销孔。右支撑板17的左侧面和左支撑板15的右侧面形状相同，右支撑板17的右侧面和左支撑板15的左侧面形状相同。固定板16为长方形钢板。上下方向为厚度方向，内外方向为长度方向，左右方向为宽度方向。连接板19为长方形钢板。上下方向为长度方向，内外方向为厚度方向，左右方向为宽度方向。底板18为长方形钢板。上下方向为厚度方向，内外方向为宽度方向，左右方向为长度方向。
如图4所示，拉压传感器Ⅱ13主视图投影为“工”字型，上下方向为宽度方向，左右方向为长度方向，内外方向为厚度方向。左侧面加工成圆弧面，圆弧面轴线和宽度方向平行，和左侧圆弧面同心加工通孔作为左侧销孔；右侧面加工成圆弧面，该圆弧面轴线和宽度方向平行，和右侧圆弧面同心加工通孔作为右侧销孔。
如图5所示，拉压传感器Ⅰ9主视图投影从中间分开，左侧为“凸”字形向左旋转90°，右侧为“工”字形从中间分开的右半部；上下方向为宽度方向，左右方向为长度方向，内外方向为厚度方向。左侧面加工成圆弧面，圆弧面轴线和宽度方向平行，和左侧圆弧面同心加工通孔作为左侧销孔；右侧面加工成圆弧面，该圆弧面轴线和宽度方向平行，和右侧圆弧面同心加工通孔作为右侧销孔。
如图6a、6b所示，左护板4由护板Ⅰ20和传感器安装板Ⅰ21组成，传感器安装板Ⅰ21垂直安装于护板Ⅰ20外侧面，且与右侧斜面平行。护板Ⅰ20由钢板制作而成；主视图投影上部为三角形，三角形下边水平，三角形上部角加工成圆弧形，与圆弧面同心加工通孔作为销孔。护板Ⅰ20的中部为矩形钢板，矩形左右方向为长度方向，上下方向为宽度方向，矩形长度和三角形下部边长相同。下部形状为钢板沿着水平线向外侧折弯90°，钢板长度和中部矩形钢板长度相同。传感器安装板Ⅰ21为方形铁板，中心开圆形通孔作为安装孔。
如图7a、7b所示，基座12由底板23、安装座Ⅰ22和安装座Ⅱ24构成。其中安装座Ⅰ22和安装座Ⅱ24外形结构相同。安装座Ⅰ22安装面焊接与底板23的外侧平面上部，且其销孔轴线与底板23宽度方向平行；安装座Ⅱ24位置与安装座Ⅰ22关于底板23平行与宽度方向的对称平面对称。基座12关于底板23平行于长度方向的对称面对称。底板23为长方形钢板，上下为长度方向，左右为宽度方向，内外为厚度方向。安装座Ⅰ22为中截面形状为“U”形的柱体，与顶端圆弧同轴加工通孔作为销孔，“U”形柱体上部为安装平面。
如图8a、8b所示，右护板7由护板Ⅱ25和传感器安装板Ⅱ26组成，传感器安装板Ⅱ26垂直安装于护板Ⅱ25外侧面，且与右侧斜面平行。护板Ⅱ25和护板Ⅰ20互为镜像。传感器安装板Ⅰ21和传感器安装板Ⅱ26外形相同。
由于采用上述方案，在试验过程中将挖掘机的挖掘力转化为测力装置2中拉压传感器Ⅰ9和拉压传感器Ⅱ2的拉力或压力，进而通过合理求出挖掘力，其中左护板4和右护板7的销孔比圆柱销Ⅰ6的直径略大，当过载时，圆柱销Ⅰ6会与护板的销孔相接触，抵消部分拉力或压力，起到过载保护的作用。接近传感器Ⅰ8和接近传感器Ⅱ14用于检测固定16是否和拉压传感器Ⅰ9和拉压传感器Ⅱ13的外侧面相接触，防止造成实验数据错误。仅仅需要安装测力装置，不需要卸扣、钢丝绳等较重试验辅助器材，减小了试验过程中的安装难度和劳动强度，同时增加了试验效率。由于不需要地锚辅助试验，降低了对试验场地的要求。因此，本发明具有安装难度低、试验效率高、试验场地要求低、劳动强度低的特点。
综上，由于采用上述方案，在试验过程中将挖掘机的挖掘力转化为测力装置中拉压传感器Ⅰ和拉压传感器Ⅱ的拉力或压力，进而通过合理求出挖掘力，仅仅需要安装测力装置，不需要卸扣、钢丝绳等较重试验辅助器材，减小了试验过程中的安装难度和劳动强度，同时增加了试验效率。由于不需要地锚辅助试验，降低了对试验场地的要求。
因此本发明具有安装难度低、试验效率高、试验场地要求低、劳动强度低的特点。
最后应当说明的是:以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其限制；尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解：依然可以对本 发明的具体实施方式进行修改或者对部分技术特征进行等同替换；而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神，其均应涵盖在本发明请求保护的技术方案范围当中。
Claims (10)
- 一种挖掘机挖掘力测力装置，其特征在于：该测力装置包括左护板、安装支架、右护板、拉压传感器Ⅰ、基座、拉压传感器Ⅱ和接近传感器；所述安装支架的销孔、拉压传感器Ⅰ的上部销孔和拉压传感器Ⅱ的上部销孔通过圆柱销Ⅰ安装在一起；所述拉压传感器Ⅰ下部和拉压传感器Ⅱ的下部分别与基座相铰接；所述左护板、右护板相互对应的安装在基座的顶面两侧，且圆柱销Ⅰ的两端分别穿过左护板的销孔和右护板的销孔；在所述左护板、右护板的外侧面上分别安装有接近传感器。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种挖掘机挖掘力测力装置，其特征在于：所述安装支架由左支撑板、固定板、右支撑板、底板和连接板组成；所述左支撑板、右支撑板相互对应的安装在固定板底面两侧，且左支撑板、右支撑板上的销孔同轴；所述连接板分别与固定板顶面和底板底面相连，使得连接板、固定板和底板截面呈“工”字型。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种挖掘机挖掘力测力装置，其特征在于：所述拉压传感器Ⅱ整体呈“工”字型结构，左侧的凹型结构以及右侧的凹型结构中各设有两个同轴的销孔。
- 根据权利要求3所述的一种挖掘机挖掘力测力装置，其特征在于：所述拉压传感器Ⅰ由左侧的凸型结构和右侧的凹型结构一体成型组成，其中，左侧的凸型结构中设有销孔，右侧的凹型结构中设有两个同轴的销孔；拉压传感器Ⅰ的凸型结构插入到拉压传感器Ⅱ的凹型结构中，通过圆柱销Ⅰ实现两者的铰接。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种挖掘机挖掘力测力装置，其特征在于：所述左护板由护板Ⅰ和传感器安装板Ⅰ组成；所述护板Ⅰ呈三角形结构，其顶部夹角处设有销孔，所述传感器安装板Ⅰ垂直安装于护板Ⅰ外侧面，且与护板Ⅰ一斜面相平行；在所述传感器安装板Ⅰ中安装有接近传感器Ⅱ。
- 根据权利要求5所述的一种挖掘机挖掘力测力装置，其特征在于：所述右护板由护板Ⅱ和传感器安装板Ⅱ组成；所述护板Ⅱ呈三角形结构，其顶部夹角处设有销孔，所述传感器安装板Ⅱ垂直安装于护板Ⅱ外侧面，且与护板Ⅱ一斜面相平行；在所述传感器安装板Ⅱ中安装有接近传感器Ⅰ；所述接近传感器Ⅰ与接近传感器Ⅱ安装位置互为镜像。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种挖掘机挖掘力测力装置，其特征在于：所述基座由底板、安装座Ⅰ和安装座Ⅱ组成；所述安装座Ⅰ和安装座Ⅱ相互对应的安装在底板上，所述安装座Ⅰ和安装座Ⅱ中各设有一个销孔，用以实现基座与拉压传感器Ⅰ和拉压传感器Ⅱ相铰接。
- 一种挖掘机挖掘力试验装备，其特征在于：包括挖掘机、试验平面以及权利要求1至7任一项所述的测力装置；所述测力装置固定安装于挖掘机的斗齿上，测力装置与试验平面相接触；试验斗杆挖掘力时，调整斗杆姿态，使内收斗杆时测力装置卡在试验平面上无法移动，测力装置测试出此时的斗杆挖掘力；试验铲斗挖掘力时，调整铲斗姿态，使内收铲斗时测力装置卡在试验平面上无法移动，测力装置测试出此时的铲斗挖掘力。
- 根据权利要求8所述的一种挖掘机挖掘力试验装备，其特征在于：所述试验平面与水平面的夹角a为0°～70°。
- 根据权利要求9所述的一种挖掘机挖掘力试验装备，其特征在于：所述试验平面与水平面的夹角a为30°。
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| CN105067172A (zh) * | 2015-07-23 | 2015-11-18 | 长安大学 | 挖掘机铲斗受力测试装置及测试方法 |
| CN107389251A (zh) * | 2017-09-20 | 2017-11-24 | 吉林大学 | 机械式挖掘机样机挖掘力测试试验台 |
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| CN110261023A (zh) * | 2019-07-01 | 2019-09-20 | 徐州徐工矿业机械有限公司 | 一种挖掘机挖掘力测力装置及使用该测力装置的试验装备 |
| CN209910867U (zh) * | 2019-07-01 | 2020-01-07 | 徐州徐工矿业机械有限公司 | 挖掘机挖掘力测力装置及使用该测力装置的试验装备 |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN118329261A (zh) * | 2024-06-14 | 2024-07-12 | 青州英诺重工机械有限公司 | 一种挖掘装载机掘起力测试装置 |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ZA202204717B (en) | 2022-10-26 |
| CN110261023B (zh) | 2024-06-07 |
| CN110261023A (zh) | 2019-09-20 |
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