WO2021000566A1 - Novel objective lens array applied to multi-field parallel imaging - Google Patents

Novel objective lens array applied to multi-field parallel imaging Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021000566A1
WO2021000566A1 PCT/CN2020/071386 CN2020071386W WO2021000566A1 WO 2021000566 A1 WO2021000566 A1 WO 2021000566A1 CN 2020071386 W CN2020071386 W CN 2020071386W WO 2021000566 A1 WO2021000566 A1 WO 2021000566A1
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Prior art keywords
lens
objective lens
lens array
array
microscopic
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PCT/CN2020/071386
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
于綦悦
唐玉豪
何俊峰
吴庆军
邓建
刘亚鸿
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达科为(深圳)医疗设备有限公司
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Publication of WO2021000566A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021000566A1/en

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B1/00Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/18Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below with lenses having one or more non-spherical faces, e.g. for reducing geometrical aberration
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/24Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below for reproducing or copying at short object distances
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B17/00Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
    • G02B17/08Catadioptric systems
    • G02B17/0856Catadioptric systems comprising a refractive element with a reflective surface, the reflection taking place inside the element, e.g. Mangin mirrors
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B21/00Microscopes
    • G02B21/02Objectives
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/10Beam splitting or combining systems
    • G02B27/14Beam splitting or combining systems operating by reflection only
    • G02B27/144Beam splitting or combining systems operating by reflection only using partially transparent surfaces without spectral selectivity

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of optical imaging, in particular to a novel objective lens array optical system for multi-field parallel imaging composed of a plurality of large-field high-performance small microscopic objective lenses.
  • Microscope objective lens is one of the indispensable important optical components in the optical microscope system. It is used at the front end of the microscope equipment and is the first lens in the microscope optical system that receives the light of the object being observed.
  • a microscope objective lens is composed of an entrance pupil lens, an aperture stop, an intermediate lens or a combination of an intermediate lens, and an exit pupil lens. Its function is to enlarge the local area of the observation object to realize people's observation of the microscopic world.
  • the light from the observed object first passes through the entrance pupil lens and irradiates into the lens barrel, and then is enlarged under the action of the aperture stop and the intermediate lens, and finally shines out of the lens barrel through the exit pupil lens to achieve a clear Imaging.
  • the performance of a single microscope objective mainly consists of: numerical aperture, field of view, magnification, and effective focal length.
  • the numerical aperture describes the size of the light-receiving cone angle of the objective lens, which directly determines the light-receiving ability and optical resolution of the microscope objective. For example: the larger the numerical aperture, the stronger the light-receiving ability of the microscope objective, and the higher the optical resolution; It is the range of observation objects that can be magnified and imaged by the microscope objective.
  • the magnification is the ratio of the field of view to the imaging area. Generally, when the imaging area is fixed, the larger the magnification, the smaller the field of view, and the greater the number of intermediate lenses required.
  • the effective focal length is the distance from the principal point of the optical system to the focal point on the optical axis.
  • the traditional microscope objective lens has a small field of view and a large lens barrel. It cannot simultaneously observe cell tissues in different parts of the same distance.
  • a traditional objective lens with a magnification of 40 times has a barrel diameter of 24 mm and a field of view of 0.5 mm. Within the diameter of 24 mm, the observation area is only the central area of 0.5 mm in diameter. The other areas are blocked by the huge objective lens barrel, and microscopic observation is not possible. To observe other areas, the microscope optical system must be moved Or tissue section.
  • Tissue Microarray Tissue Microarray
  • simultaneous microscopic observation of different cell tissues at similar distances is required, traditional objective lenses cannot meet the demand.
  • Tissue Microarray Tissue Microarray
  • simultaneous microscopic imaging of these tissue specimens is required to improve the microscopic observation Efficiency, reducing diagnostic burden and errors, while using traditional objective lenses, each tissue can only be observed and diagnosed one by one, which is extremely inefficient and easy to cause misdiagnosis; in addition, a digital pathology scanner is used to digitize a slice of tissue
  • simultaneous imaging and scanning of different parts of the tissue slice are required to achieve high-speed scanning to improve the efficiency of digital pathological diagnosis.
  • a new type of objective lens array for multi-field parallel imaging is needed to improve the shortcomings of existing optical microscopes that only one microscopic field can be observed at the same time, and to meet the needs of simultaneous microscopic observation of multiple microscopic fields.
  • the present invention provides a novel objective lens array applied to multi-field parallel imaging, which can be applied to the field of optical microscope, especially the field of ultra-high-speed digital pathology imaging and microscopic imaging.
  • the present invention provides a novel objective lens array applied to multi-field parallel imaging, and its imaging principle is as follows:
  • the objective lens array is The optical axis direction includes a first lens array and a second lens array in sequence;
  • the microscopic objective lens unit includes a first lens located in the first lens array and a second lens located in the second lens array, the first lens and the second lens array The second lens is opposite; each small microscopic objective lens unit is a catadioptric objective lens.
  • the small microscopic objective lens unit first, along its optical axis, from the surface of the object to be observed (object surface) to the imaging surface (image surface) includes a first lens and a second lens, the first lens is curved
  • the first lens is curved
  • the front surface facing the object surface is concave
  • the rear surface facing the image surface is convex
  • the second lens is a meniscus lens
  • the front surface facing the object surface is concave
  • the rear surface facing the image surface is convex
  • the curvatures of the front and rear surfaces of the first lens and the second lens are different
  • the aperture stop array is located at the rear surface of the first lens array.
  • the front surface of the first lens and the back surface of the second lens are both coated with a transflective optical medium spectroscopic film, and the transflective optical medium spectroscopic film is a
  • This kind of optical coating can make the incident light pass along the incident direction and continue to propagate, and at the same time make the incident light reflect in the opposite direction of the incident and continue to propagate in the opposite direction of the incident.
  • the light that passes through and continues to propagate in the incident direction is the transmitted light
  • the light emitted in the opposite direction of the incident and continuing to propagate in the opposite direction of the incident is reflected light.
  • the sum of the energy of the reflected light and the transmitted light is equal to the energy of the incident light, which is specifically reflected in the intensity of the reflected light and the transmitted light. The sum is equal to the intensity of the incident light.
  • all lenses are made of glass with low melting point and high and low dispersion.
  • the above-mentioned material high and low dispersion matching that is, the first lens selects high-dispersion material glass and the second lens selects low-dispersion material glass, or the first lens selects low-dispersion material glass and the second lens selects high-dispersion material glass, through the above-mentioned high-low dispersion
  • the imaging principle of the small microscopic objective lens unit is as follows: along the optical axis, light from the observed object irradiates the front surface of the first lens, and passes through the first semi-transmissive and semi-reflective optical medium splitting film, and a part of the light It is reflected outside the optical system without imaging. Another part of the light enters the optical system through the film to form incident light. The incident light entering the optical system passes through the first lens and exits from the back surface of the first lens. The air gap between the second lens is incident on the front surface of the second lens and irradiated on the back surface of the second lens. Part of the light passes through the second semi-transparent and semi-reflective optical medium splitting film on the back surface of the second lens.
  • the film exits the optical system to form divergent light with weak illumination intensity and illuminate the image surface. Another part of the light is reflected and converged and irradiated into the first lens according to the curvature of the second lens.
  • the first semi-transmissive and semi-reflective optical medium light splitting film passing through the front surface of the first lens, according to the curvature of the front surface of the first lens, converges and illuminates the back surface of the second lens, and passes through the second semi-transparent and semi-reflective
  • the optical medium light-splitting film continues to converge to form a concentrated focal point with strong light intensity, and the focal point position is the image plane position.
  • the light component on the image plane is divergent, completely transmitted light without a focal point, and convergent multiple reflected light that forms an imaging focal point.
  • the irradiation of multiple reflected light is much higher than that of a complete Transmitted light.
  • completely transmitted light is noise
  • multiple reflected light is imaging. Therefore, the signal-to-noise ratio of imaging contrast noise is high. Even if there is completely transmitted light, it will not have a great impact on clear imaging.
  • first lens and second lens are circular lenses, and there is a gap between the first lens and the second lens; the gap can be filled with air or liquid, or the gap can be equipped with other lenses that meet higher imaging requirements. Lens and other lens combinations.
  • the front surface and the back surface of the aforementioned first lens are aspherical surfaces or custom curved surfaces
  • the front and back surfaces of the second lens are aspherical surfaces or custom curved surfaces.
  • Using aspherical or self-defined curved surfaces can make the design of the optical system easier to meet the requirements of miniaturization, and it is also easier to optimize the design of the optical system to fully meet the system performance requirements.
  • a traditional spherical surface a larger area lens or a longer optical system distance is required to meet the performance requirements of the optical system.
  • the use of an aspheric surface or a custom curved surface is required for miniaturization and high performance of the optical system. Under the constraints of, the optimization of the optical system design is more perfect, and the spherical surface cannot meet the constraints of high performance requirements and miniaturization requirements at the same time.
  • the aforementioned quadrilateral matrix arrangement is a rectangular objective lens array formed by a plurality of small microscopic objective lens units with large field of view and high performance arranged side by side.
  • the novel objective lens array for multi-field parallel imaging and its components a small microscopic objective lens unit with a large field of view and high performance has the following performance advantages:
  • the catadioptric structure is adopted in the small microscopic objective lens unit with large field of view and high performance of the present invention, which can not only realize the high-performance optical microscopic objective lens with a very small number of lenses, but also increase the transmission of light in the optical system.
  • the path length has reached its diffraction limit, and the optical performance of the two lenses is brought into full play;
  • the small microscopic objective lens with large field of view and high performance of the present invention reduces the number of lenses while ensuring high performance, resulting in a great reduction in volume, a great saving in production costs, and a great reduction in production difficulty ;
  • the large-field high-performance small microscopic objective lens of the present invention can realize the convergence of imaging light, form a high-energy imaging focus, greatly improve the signal-to-noise ratio of imaging, and achieve high-quality clarity in a large microscopic field of view Imaging
  • the novel multi-field parallel imaging objective lens array of the present invention is an array optical system composed of two lens arrays.
  • the first lens array facing the object surface is a plurality of small microscopic objective lens units with large field of view and high performance.
  • the first lens of the object surface is integrated into a lens array by processing
  • the second lens array facing the image surface is a plurality of the above-mentioned large-field and high-performance small microscope objective lens units.
  • the second lens facing the image surface is integrated into one by processing.
  • the lens array of the lens The above-mentioned first lens array and second lens array form a new objective lens array, which can simultaneously perform microscopic imaging of multiple tissue regions in similar positions, effectively realizing efficient pathological tissue chip observation and diagnosis, and high-speed digital pathological scanning.
  • FIG. 1 is the structure and optical path diagram of the optical system of a large-field high-performance small microscopic objective lens unit in the novel objective lens array for multi-field parallel imaging of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of the first lens of the optical system of a large-field high-performance small-scale microscopic objective lens unit in the novel objective lens array for multi-field parallel imaging according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of the second lens of the optical system of a large-field high-performance small-scale micro-objective lens unit in the novel objective lens array for multi-field parallel imaging according to the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram of the modulation transfer function MTF of the optical system of a large-field high-performance small-scale microscope objective lens unit in the novel objective lens array for multi-field parallel imaging of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a light fan diagram of the longitudinal section of the optical system of a large-field high-performance small-scale micro-objective lens unit in the novel objective lens array for multi-field parallel imaging of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a light fan diagram of the cross-section of the optical system of a large-field high-performance small-scale microscope objective lens unit in the novel objective lens array for multi-field parallel imaging of the present invention
  • Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section of the optical path fan diagram of the optical system of a large-field high-performance small-scale microscope objective lens unit in the novel multi-field parallel imaging objective lens array of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional optical path fan diagram of the optical system of a large-field high-performance small-scale microscopic objective lens unit in the novel objective lens array for multi-field parallel imaging of the present invention
  • FIG. 9 is a point diagram of the optical system of a large-field high-performance small microscopic objective lens unit in the novel objective lens array for multi-field parallel imaging of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a view field curve diagram of an optical system of a large-field high-performance small microscopic objective lens unit in a novel objective lens array for multi-field parallel imaging according to the present invention
  • FIG. 11 is a distortion diagram of the optical system of a large-field high-performance small microscopic objective lens unit in the novel objective lens array for multi-field parallel imaging according to the present invention
  • Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a novel objective lens array for multi-field parallel imaging of the present invention.
  • Fig. 13 is an imaging schematic diagram of a novel objective lens array for multi-field parallel imaging according to the present invention.
  • the directional indication is only used to explain that it is in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings). If the specific posture changes, the relative positional relationship, movement, etc. of the components below will also change the directional indication accordingly.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a new type of objective lens array optical system applied to multi-field parallel imaging, to provide the realization of multi-field parallel imaging and microscopic observation and imaging optical system for the field of optical microscopy, especially for the field of digital pathology
  • an embodiment of an objective lens unit in the novel objective lens array optical system applied to multi-field parallel imaging the specific performance parameters are: the field of view diameter is 1 mm, the numerical aperture is 0.6, the effective focal length is 0.78 mm, and the entrance pupil diameter It is 1.17 mm, the field of view is 1.17 mm, the total system length is 4.23 mm, the magnification is 5.14 times, the imaging resolution is 0.24 ⁇ m/pixel, the working wavelength is visible light wavelength region from 0.4 ⁇ m to 0.7 ⁇ m, the design wavelength is 0.643 ⁇ m, 0.591 microns, 0.542 microns, 0.5 microns, 0.466 microns, of which the design center wavelength is 0.542 microns.
  • the main performance parameters specifically satisfy the following relationship:
  • NA represents the numerical aperture
  • n represents the refractive index of the working medium
  • represents the half angle of the maximum cone angle of the incident light.
  • represents the half-angle of the maximum cone angle of the incident light
  • EPD represents the entrance pupil diameter
  • EFL represents the effective focal length
  • represents the imaging resolution
  • represents the pixel size of the image sensor
  • Mag represents the magnification
  • U represents the unit length; in this example, ⁇ is specifically 1.12 microns, U is specifically 1 micron, and Mag is specifically 5.14. Therefore, the imaging resolution The rate is specifically 0.24 microns/pixel.
  • a new type of multi-field parallel imaging objective lens array an array type microscopic optical imaging system realized by a plurality of identical large-field high-performance small microscope objective lens units arranged in a quadrilateral matrix arrangement .
  • the quadrilateral matrix arrangement can be a rectangular objective lens array formed by a plurality of small microscope objective lens units with large field of view and high performance arranged side by side spliced.
  • the objective lens array of the present invention includes a first lens array and a second lens array in sequence along its optical axis.
  • the microscope objective lens unit includes a first lens 302 located in the first lens array and a second lens 402 located in the second lens array.
  • the first lens 302 is opposite to the second lens 402.
  • Each small microscope objective lens unit is a catadioptric objective lens.
  • An embodiment of an objective lens unit in the large-field high-performance ultra-compact micro-objective optical system specifically the object plane 1, the first lens 302, and the second lens 402 respectively arranged from left to right along the optical axis direction , And image plane 5, in which the object plane 1 is located at the far left finite distance, and the image plane 5 is located at the far right finite distance.
  • the front surface of the first lens 302 and the rear surface of the second lens 402 are both plated with a transflective lens Optical media spectroscopic film.
  • the semi-transmissive and semi-reflective optical medium spectroscopic film is specifically: a semi-transparent and semi-reflective optical medium spectroscopic coating, which utilizes its optical performance to realize part of the light incident on the coating surface is transmitted and some is reflected.
  • an embodiment of an objective lens unit in an ultra-small microscope objective optical system with a large field of view and high performance of the present invention is specifically as follows: first along the optical axis direction , The light from the observed object irradiates the front surface of the first lens 302 coated with the first transflective optical medium spectroscopic film 301.
  • the front surface of the first lens 302 faces the object surface 1 as a concave surface and the image surface 5 as a convex surface
  • the curvature of the first semi-transmissive and semi-reflective optical medium light-splitting film 301 is the same as the curvature of the front surface of the first lens 302.
  • the incident light is reflected by the coating on the front surface of the first lens 302 without imaging, and the other part of the transmitted light passes through
  • the first lens 302 and its rear surface 303 illuminate the front surface 401 of the second lens 402.
  • the rear surface 303 of the first lens 302 faces the object surface 1 as a concave surface
  • the image surface 5 faces the convex surface
  • the front surface of the second lens 402 401 faces the object surface 1 as a concave surface, and faces the image surface 5 as a convex surface;
  • the light passes through the front surface 401 of the second lens 402 and irradiates the back surface of the second lens 402 coated with the second semi-transmissive and semi-reflective optical dichroic film 403.
  • the rear surface of the second lens 402 is concave facing the object surface 1 and the image surface 5 is convex.
  • the curvature of the optical coating on the rear surface of the second lens 402 is the same as the curvature of the rear surface of the second lens 402;
  • the light reflected by the light splitting film 403 of the two semi-transmissive and semi-reflective optical medium enters the optical system again, and the light scattered through the optical film on the rear surface of the second lens 402 is irradiated to the image surface 5.
  • the image plane 5 has the scattered light transmitted for the first time, and at the same time has the focused refractive reflected light, but because the intensity of the focused light is much greater than the intensity of the scattered light, therefore, the image plane 5 It can be high-definition high-quality microscopic images with high signal-to-noise ratio.
  • Each lens in the first lens array and the second lens array may be a circular lens. There is an interval between the first lens 302 and the second lens 402. The interval may be filled with air or liquid, or other lenses or other lens combinations may be arranged in the interval.
  • the front surface and the back surface of each lens in the aforementioned first lens array can both be aspherical, and the front and back surfaces of each lens in the second lens array can also be aspherical.
  • Table 1 shows the design data of one objective lens unit in the ultra-small microscopic objective lens optical system with large field of view and high performance disclosed in the present invention.
  • Table 1 shows the specific design parameter values of each lens surface of an objective lens unit and the semi-transmissive and semi-reflective optical medium spectroscopic film of the above-mentioned embodiment: the ultra-small microscopic objective optical system with large field of view and high performance.
  • Table 1 The design parameters of an objective lens unit in the ultra-small microscopic objective lens optical system with a large field of view and high performance of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 shows the modulation transfer function MTF of an objective lens unit in the ultra-small microscopic objective lens optical system with large field of view and high performance in this embodiment, which is close to the diffraction limit.
  • FIG. 5 shows the light characteristics of the longitudinal section of this embodiment
  • FIG. 6 shows the light characteristics of the cross section of the optical system of this embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 shows the optical path characteristic diagram of the longitudinal section of this embodiment
  • FIG. 8 shows the optical path characteristic diagram of the cross section of this embodiment.
  • Fig. 9 shows a dot chart of this embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 shows the field of view curve diagram of this embodiment
  • FIG. 11 shows the distortion diagram of this embodiment.

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Abstract

Provided is a novel objective lens array applied to multi-field parallel imaging, which is an array type microscopic optical imaging system realized by a plurality of small microscopic objective lens units in a certain arrangement mode, and can simultaneously perform imaging with microscopic magnification on different parts of a same tissue section, so as to achieve the goals of simultaneous observation of multiple microscopic fields and high-speed scanning of a digital pathological full section. Each small microscopic objective lens unit is a catadioptric objective lens optical system, which includes a first lens (302) and a second lens (402) once along its optical axis direction, both the first lens (302) and the second lens (402) are meniscus lenses, and the front surface of the first lens (302) and the rear surface of the second lens (402) are respectively plated with optical media splitting films (301, 403). The present invention simply achieves the maximum diffraction path of light in the system, reaches the diffraction limit, and realizes the large-field-of-view high-performance small microscopic objective lens unit and the novel objective lens array composed thereof.

Description

一种应用于多视野并行成像的新型物镜阵列A new type of objective lens array for multi-field parallel imaging 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及光学成像领域,具体的说是一种由多个大视野高性能的小型显微物镜所构成的多视野并行成像的新型物镜阵列光学系统。The present invention relates to the field of optical imaging, in particular to a novel objective lens array optical system for multi-field parallel imaging composed of a plurality of large-field high-performance small microscopic objective lenses.
背景技术Background technique
显微物镜是光学显微镜系统中不可缺少的重要光学部件之一,它使用在显微镜设备的前端,是显微镜光学系统中第一个接收到被观测物体光线的透镜。一般来说,显微物镜由入瞳透镜,孔径光阑,中间透镜或中间透镜组合,以及出瞳透镜组成,作用是将本观测物体的局部区域进行放大,以实现人们对微观世界的观察。来自被观测物体的光线,首先通过入瞳透镜,照射入镜筒之中,其次在孔径光阑和中间透镜的作用下被放大,最后通过出瞳透镜照射到镜筒之外,并实现清晰的成像。Microscope objective lens is one of the indispensable important optical components in the optical microscope system. It is used at the front end of the microscope equipment and is the first lens in the microscope optical system that receives the light of the object being observed. Generally speaking, a microscope objective lens is composed of an entrance pupil lens, an aperture stop, an intermediate lens or a combination of an intermediate lens, and an exit pupil lens. Its function is to enlarge the local area of the observation object to realize people's observation of the microscopic world. The light from the observed object first passes through the entrance pupil lens and irradiates into the lens barrel, and then is enlarged under the action of the aperture stop and the intermediate lens, and finally shines out of the lens barrel through the exit pupil lens to achieve a clear Imaging.
单一的显微物镜性能主要由:数值孔径、视野范围、放大倍数、有效焦距。数值孔径描述了物镜收光锥角的大小,直接决定显微物镜的收光能力以及光学分辨率,例如:数值孔径越大,显微物镜收光能力越强,光学分辨率越高;视野范围是显微物镜所能够放大成像的观测物体范围,放大倍数是视野范围与成像面积的比例,通常在成像面积固定的情况下,放大倍数越大,视野范围越小,所需要的中间透镜数量越多(通常大于三片透镜),以抑制高倍率成像的像差;有效焦距是光学系统的主点到焦点在光轴上的距离,有效焦距越小,放大倍数越大,视野范围越小,数值孔径越大。The performance of a single microscope objective mainly consists of: numerical aperture, field of view, magnification, and effective focal length. The numerical aperture describes the size of the light-receiving cone angle of the objective lens, which directly determines the light-receiving ability and optical resolution of the microscope objective. For example: the larger the numerical aperture, the stronger the light-receiving ability of the microscope objective, and the higher the optical resolution; It is the range of observation objects that can be magnified and imaged by the microscope objective. The magnification is the ratio of the field of view to the imaging area. Generally, when the imaging area is fixed, the larger the magnification, the smaller the field of view, and the greater the number of intermediate lenses required. More (usually larger than three lenses) to suppress the aberration of high-magnification imaging; the effective focal length is the distance from the principal point of the optical system to the focal point on the optical axis. The smaller the effective focal length, the greater the magnification, and the smaller the field of view. The larger the numerical aperture.
传统显微物镜,视野范围小,镜筒体积大,不能对距离相近的不同部位的细胞组织进行同时观测,例如放大倍数40倍的传统物镜,镜筒直径为24毫米,视野范围0.5毫米,因此24毫米直径范围内,能够进行观察的范围仅有直径0.5毫米的中心范围,其他区域均被庞大的物镜镜筒挡住,无法进行显微观察,若要对其他区域进行观察,必须移动显微镜光学系统或者组织切片。The traditional microscope objective lens has a small field of view and a large lens barrel. It cannot simultaneously observe cell tissues in different parts of the same distance. For example, a traditional objective lens with a magnification of 40 times has a barrel diameter of 24 mm and a field of view of 0.5 mm. Within the diameter of 24 mm, the observation area is only the central area of 0.5 mm in diameter. The other areas are blocked by the huge objective lens barrel, and microscopic observation is not possible. To observe other areas, the microscope optical system must be moved Or tissue section.
因此,当需要对距离相近的不同细胞组织进行同时的显微观察时,传统物镜并不能满足需求。例如对病理组织芯片(Tissue Microarray,TMA)进行显微观察时,不同组织标本以规则阵列方式紧密排布与同一载玻片上,需要对这些组织标本进行同时的显微成像,以提高显微观察效率,减少诊断负担与误差,而使用传统物镜的情况下,只能对每个组织进行逐个观察与诊断,效率极低且容易造成误诊;另外,在利用数字病理扫描仪对一个切片组织进行数字化全切片成像时,需要对组织切片的不同部位进行同时成像与扫描,以实 现高速扫描从而提升数字化病理诊断的效率,而使用传统物镜的情况下,只能对切片组织进行逐个视野的显微图像拍摄,再对图像进行拼接,不仅在全切片成像方面容易造成累计误差,而且效率极低,影响高效诊断的实现,无法充分体现数字病理在临床病理诊断中的价值。Therefore, when simultaneous microscopic observation of different cell tissues at similar distances is required, traditional objective lenses cannot meet the demand. For example, when performing microscopic observation on Tissue Microarray (TMA), different tissue specimens are closely arranged in a regular array on the same glass slide. Simultaneous microscopic imaging of these tissue specimens is required to improve the microscopic observation Efficiency, reducing diagnostic burden and errors, while using traditional objective lenses, each tissue can only be observed and diagnosed one by one, which is extremely inefficient and easy to cause misdiagnosis; in addition, a digital pathology scanner is used to digitize a slice of tissue For full-slice imaging, simultaneous imaging and scanning of different parts of the tissue slice are required to achieve high-speed scanning to improve the efficiency of digital pathological diagnosis. However, when traditional objective lenses are used, only microscopic images of the sliced tissue can be performed one by one. Shooting and then stitching the images will not only cause cumulative errors in full-slice imaging, but also have extremely low efficiency, which affects the realization of efficient diagnosis and cannot fully reflect the value of digital pathology in clinical pathological diagnosis.
综上所述,需要一种多视野并行成像的新型物镜阵列,改进现有光学显微镜同时只能观察一个显微视野的缺点,满足对多个显微视野进行同时显微观察的需要。In summary, a new type of objective lens array for multi-field parallel imaging is needed to improve the shortcomings of existing optical microscopes that only one microscopic field can be observed at the same time, and to meet the needs of simultaneous microscopic observation of multiple microscopic fields.
发明内容Summary of the invention
根据上述传统显微物镜的问题以及改善需要,本发明提供一种应用于多视野并行成像的新型物镜阵列,可应用于光学显微镜领域,特别是超高速数字病理成像以及显微成像领域。According to the above-mentioned problems and improvement needs of traditional microscope objectives, the present invention provides a novel objective lens array applied to multi-field parallel imaging, which can be applied to the field of optical microscope, especially the field of ultra-high-speed digital pathology imaging and microscopic imaging.
本发明提供一种应用于多视野并行成像的新型物镜阵列,其成像原理是这样的:The present invention provides a novel objective lens array applied to multi-field parallel imaging, and its imaging principle is as follows:
一种应用于多视野并行成像的新型物镜阵列,由多个完全相同的大视野高性能的小型显微物镜单元按照四边形矩阵排列方式实现的阵列式显微光学成像系统;所述物镜阵列沿其光轴方向,依次包括第一透镜阵列和第二透镜阵列;所述显微物镜单元包括位于第一透镜阵列的第一透镜和位于第二透镜阵列的第二透镜,所述第一透镜与所述第二透镜相对;每一个小型显微物镜单元是一种折反射式的物镜。所述小型显微物镜单元,首先,沿其光轴方向,从被观测物体表面(物面)到成像表面(像面)依次包括第一透镜和第二透镜,所述的第一透镜为弯月透镜,面向物面的前表面为凹面,面向像面的后表面为凸面;所述的第二透镜为凹凸透镜,面向物面的前表面为凹面,面向像面的后表面为凸面;所述的第一透镜和第二透镜的前后表面曲率均不相同;孔径光阑阵列位于第一透镜阵列的后表面位置。A new type of objective lens array applied to multi-field parallel imaging, an array type microscopic optical imaging system realized by a plurality of identical large-field high-performance small microscope objective lens units arranged in a quadrangular matrix; the objective lens array is The optical axis direction includes a first lens array and a second lens array in sequence; the microscopic objective lens unit includes a first lens located in the first lens array and a second lens located in the second lens array, the first lens and the second lens array The second lens is opposite; each small microscopic objective lens unit is a catadioptric objective lens. The small microscopic objective lens unit, first, along its optical axis, from the surface of the object to be observed (object surface) to the imaging surface (image surface) includes a first lens and a second lens, the first lens is curved For the lunar lens, the front surface facing the object surface is concave, and the rear surface facing the image surface is convex; the second lens is a meniscus lens, the front surface facing the object surface is concave, and the rear surface facing the image surface is convex; The curvatures of the front and rear surfaces of the first lens and the second lens are different; the aperture stop array is located at the rear surface of the first lens array.
所述的小型物镜单元,沿其光轴方向,第一透镜的前表面与第二透镜的后表面均镀有半透半反光学介质分光薄膜,所述半透半反光学介质分光薄膜是一种光学镀膜,能够使入射光沿入射方向透过并继续传播,同时使入射光沿入射逆方向反射并沿入射逆方向继续传播,沿入射方向透过并继续传播的光为透过光,沿入射逆方向发射并沿入射逆方向继续传播的光为反射光,根据能量守恒定律,反射光与透过光的能量总和等于入射光的能量,具体体现在反射光与透过光的光照强度的总和等于入射光的光照强度。In the small objective lens unit, along its optical axis, the front surface of the first lens and the back surface of the second lens are both coated with a transflective optical medium spectroscopic film, and the transflective optical medium spectroscopic film is a This kind of optical coating can make the incident light pass along the incident direction and continue to propagate, and at the same time make the incident light reflect in the opposite direction of the incident and continue to propagate in the opposite direction of the incident. The light that passes through and continues to propagate in the incident direction is the transmitted light, The light emitted in the opposite direction of the incident and continuing to propagate in the opposite direction of the incident is reflected light. According to the law of conservation of energy, the sum of the energy of the reflected light and the transmitted light is equal to the energy of the incident light, which is specifically reflected in the intensity of the reflected light and the transmitted light. The sum is equal to the intensity of the incident light.
所述的小型物镜单元,所有透镜的材料均采用低熔点和高低色散搭配的玻璃。In the small objective lens unit, all lenses are made of glass with low melting point and high and low dispersion.
上述的材质高低色散搭配,也即第一透镜选用高色散材料玻璃且第二透镜选用低色散材料玻璃,或者第一透镜选用低色散材料玻璃且第二透镜选用高色散材料玻璃,通过上 述高低色散的材质组合搭配,使光学色散相互补偿,实现色差的消除以及成像质量的提升。The above-mentioned material high and low dispersion matching, that is, the first lens selects high-dispersion material glass and the second lens selects low-dispersion material glass, or the first lens selects low-dispersion material glass and the second lens selects high-dispersion material glass, through the above-mentioned high-low dispersion The combination of materials, which makes the optical dispersion compensate each other, realizes the elimination of chromatic aberration and the improvement of image quality.
所述的小型显微物镜单元,其成像原理是这样的:沿光轴方向,来自被观测物体的光照射到第一透镜的前表面,通过第一半透半反光学介质分光薄膜,一部分光被反射到光学系统之外,不进行成像,另一部分光通过膜进入光学系统,形成入射光,进入光学系统的入射光通过第一透镜,从第一透镜的后表面出射,通过第一透镜与第二透镜之间的空气间隙,入射到第二透镜的前表面并照射到第二透镜的后表面,通过第二透镜的后表面上的第二半透半反光学介质分光薄膜,一部分光通过膜出射到光学系统之外,形成发散的、光照强度弱的光并照射到像面,另一部分光发生反射并根据第二透镜后表面的曲率汇聚照射到第一透镜中,这一部分反射光再通过第一透镜的前表面的第一半透半反光学介质分光薄膜,根据第一透镜前表面的曲率,汇聚照射到第二透镜的后表面,透过第二透镜的第二半透半反光学介质分光薄膜,继续汇聚形成集中并光照强度强的焦点,该焦点位置即为像面位置。The imaging principle of the small microscopic objective lens unit is as follows: along the optical axis, light from the observed object irradiates the front surface of the first lens, and passes through the first semi-transmissive and semi-reflective optical medium splitting film, and a part of the light It is reflected outside the optical system without imaging. Another part of the light enters the optical system through the film to form incident light. The incident light entering the optical system passes through the first lens and exits from the back surface of the first lens. The air gap between the second lens is incident on the front surface of the second lens and irradiated on the back surface of the second lens. Part of the light passes through the second semi-transparent and semi-reflective optical medium splitting film on the back surface of the second lens. The film exits the optical system to form divergent light with weak illumination intensity and illuminate the image surface. Another part of the light is reflected and converged and irradiated into the first lens according to the curvature of the second lens. The first semi-transmissive and semi-reflective optical medium light splitting film passing through the front surface of the first lens, according to the curvature of the front surface of the first lens, converges and illuminates the back surface of the second lens, and passes through the second semi-transparent and semi-reflective The optical medium light-splitting film continues to converge to form a concentrated focal point with strong light intensity, and the focal point position is the image plane position.
根据上述成像原理,在像面上的光成分为发散的、没有形成焦点的完全透射光,以及汇聚的、形成成像焦点的多次反射光,多次反射光的辐照远远高于一次完全透射光,在成像中,完全透射光为噪声,多次反射光为成像,因此成像对比噪声的信噪比高,即使存在完全透射光,也对清晰成像不会造成较大影响。According to the above-mentioned imaging principle, the light component on the image plane is divergent, completely transmitted light without a focal point, and convergent multiple reflected light that forms an imaging focal point. The irradiation of multiple reflected light is much higher than that of a complete Transmitted light. In imaging, completely transmitted light is noise, and multiple reflected light is imaging. Therefore, the signal-to-noise ratio of imaging contrast noise is high. Even if there is completely transmitted light, it will not have a great impact on clear imaging.
进一步的,前述的第一透镜和第二透镜是圆形透镜,第一透镜和第二透镜之间具有间隔;间隔中可充满空气或者液体,又或者间隔内设有满足更高成像要求的其他透镜及其他透镜组合。Further, the aforementioned first lens and second lens are circular lenses, and there is a gap between the first lens and the second lens; the gap can be filled with air or liquid, or the gap can be equipped with other lenses that meet higher imaging requirements. Lens and other lens combinations.
进一步的,前述第一透镜的前表面和后表面的面型为非球面或者自定义曲面,第二透镜的前表面和后表面为非球面或者自定义曲面。使用非球面或者自定义曲面的表面,能够使光学系统设计更容易达到小型化的要求,也能够更加容易地使光学系统设计的优化,完全符合系统性能要求。而使用传统球面表面的情况下,达到光学系统性能要求需要更大面积透镜或者更长的光学系统距离,简单地说,使用非球面或者自定义曲面的表面,在光学系统小型化以及高性能要求的制约下,光学系统设计的优化更加完善,而球面表面则不能同时满足高性能要求和小型化要求的制约。Further, the front surface and the back surface of the aforementioned first lens are aspherical surfaces or custom curved surfaces, and the front and back surfaces of the second lens are aspherical surfaces or custom curved surfaces. Using aspherical or self-defined curved surfaces can make the design of the optical system easier to meet the requirements of miniaturization, and it is also easier to optimize the design of the optical system to fully meet the system performance requirements. In the case of using a traditional spherical surface, a larger area lens or a longer optical system distance is required to meet the performance requirements of the optical system. Simply put, the use of an aspheric surface or a custom curved surface is required for miniaturization and high performance of the optical system. Under the constraints of, the optimization of the optical system design is more perfect, and the spherical surface cannot meet the constraints of high performance requirements and miniaturization requirements at the same time.
进一步的,前述的四边形矩阵排列方式,是多个大视野高性能的小型显微物镜单元进行并排拼接摆放所构成的矩形物镜阵列。Furthermore, the aforementioned quadrilateral matrix arrangement is a rectangular objective lens array formed by a plurality of small microscopic objective lens units with large field of view and high performance arranged side by side.
本发明的多视野并行成像的新型物镜阵列及其组成部分:大视野高性能的小型显微物镜单元与现有技术相比,具有如下的性能优点:Compared with the prior art, the novel objective lens array for multi-field parallel imaging and its components: a small microscopic objective lens unit with a large field of view and high performance has the following performance advantages:
(1)本发明的大视野高性能的小型显微物镜单元内采用折反射式结构,不仅能够以极少的透镜数量实现高性能的光学显微物镜,而且增长了光线在光学系统中传播的路径长度,达到了其所能的衍射极限,将两片透镜的光学性能发挥到极致;(1) The catadioptric structure is adopted in the small microscopic objective lens unit with large field of view and high performance of the present invention, which can not only realize the high-performance optical microscopic objective lens with a very small number of lenses, but also increase the transmission of light in the optical system. The path length has reached its diffraction limit, and the optical performance of the two lenses is brought into full play;
(2)本发明的大视野高性能的小型显微物镜,由于保证高性能的同时减少了透镜的数量,带来体积的极大减少,生产成本的极大节省,以及生产难度的极大降低;(2) The small microscopic objective lens with large field of view and high performance of the present invention reduces the number of lenses while ensuring high performance, resulting in a great reduction in volume, a great saving in production costs, and a great reduction in production difficulty ;
(3)本发明的大视野高性能的小型显微物镜,能够实现成像光的汇聚,形成高能量成像焦点,极大提升成像的信噪比,实现在大的显微视野内的高质量清晰成像;(3) The large-field high-performance small microscopic objective lens of the present invention can realize the convergence of imaging light, form a high-energy imaging focus, greatly improve the signal-to-noise ratio of imaging, and achieve high-quality clarity in a large microscopic field of view Imaging
(4)本发明的多视野并行成像的新型物镜阵列,是由两片透镜阵列组成的阵列光学系统,面向物面的第一透镜阵列是多个上述大视野高性能的小型显微物镜单元面向物面的第一透镜通过加工集成在一个镜片的透镜阵列,面向像面的第二透镜阵列是多个上述大视野高性能的小型显微物镜单元面向像面的第二透镜通过加工集成在一个镜片的透镜阵列。上述第一透镜阵列与第二透镜阵列组成新型物镜阵列,能够对位置相近的多个组织区域进行同时的显微成像,有效实现高效的病理组织芯片观察与诊断、高速数字病理扫描。(4) The novel multi-field parallel imaging objective lens array of the present invention is an array optical system composed of two lens arrays. The first lens array facing the object surface is a plurality of small microscopic objective lens units with large field of view and high performance. The first lens of the object surface is integrated into a lens array by processing, and the second lens array facing the image surface is a plurality of the above-mentioned large-field and high-performance small microscope objective lens units. The second lens facing the image surface is integrated into one by processing. The lens array of the lens. The above-mentioned first lens array and second lens array form a new objective lens array, which can simultaneously perform microscopic imaging of multiple tissue regions in similar positions, effectively realizing efficient pathological tissue chip observation and diagnosis, and high-speed digital pathological scanning.
上述说明仅是本发明技术方案的概述,为了能够更清楚了解本发明的技术手段,并可依照说明书的内容予以实施,以下以本发明的较佳实施例并配合附图详细说明如后。The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to understand the technical means of the present invention more clearly and implement it in accordance with the content of the description, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with the accompanying drawings.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1为本发明的多视野并行成像的新型物镜阵列中一个大视野高性能的小型显微物镜单元的光学系统的结构及光路图;FIG. 1 is the structure and optical path diagram of the optical system of a large-field high-performance small microscopic objective lens unit in the novel objective lens array for multi-field parallel imaging of the present invention;
图2为本发明多视野并行成像的新型物镜阵列中一个大视野高性能的小型显微物镜单元的光学系统的第一透镜的结构图;2 is a structural diagram of the first lens of the optical system of a large-field high-performance small-scale microscopic objective lens unit in the novel objective lens array for multi-field parallel imaging according to the present invention;
图3为本发明多视野并行成像的新型物镜阵列中一个大视野高性能的小型显微物镜单元的光学系统的第二透镜的结构图;3 is a structural diagram of the second lens of the optical system of a large-field high-performance small-scale micro-objective lens unit in the novel objective lens array for multi-field parallel imaging according to the present invention;
图4为本发明多视野并行成像的新型物镜阵列中一个大视野高性能的小型显微物镜单元的光学系统的调制传递函数MTF图;FIG. 4 is a diagram of the modulation transfer function MTF of the optical system of a large-field high-performance small-scale microscope objective lens unit in the novel objective lens array for multi-field parallel imaging of the present invention;
图5为本发明多视野并行成像的新型物镜阵列中一个大视野高性能的小型显微物镜单元的光学系统的纵截面的光线特性光扇图;5 is a light fan diagram of the longitudinal section of the optical system of a large-field high-performance small-scale micro-objective lens unit in the novel objective lens array for multi-field parallel imaging of the present invention;
图6为本发明多视野并行成像的新型物镜阵列中一个大视野高性能的小型显微物镜单元的光学系统的横截面的光线特性光扇图;6 is a light fan diagram of the cross-section of the optical system of a large-field high-performance small-scale microscope objective lens unit in the novel objective lens array for multi-field parallel imaging of the present invention;
图7为本发明多视野并行成像的新型物镜阵列中一个大视野高性能的小型显微物镜单元的光学系统的纵截面的光程光扇图;Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section of the optical path fan diagram of the optical system of a large-field high-performance small-scale microscope objective lens unit in the novel multi-field parallel imaging objective lens array of the present invention;
图8为本发明多视野并行成像的新型物镜阵列中一个大视野高性能的小型显微物镜单元的光学系统的横截面的光程光扇图;8 is a cross-sectional optical path fan diagram of the optical system of a large-field high-performance small-scale microscopic objective lens unit in the novel objective lens array for multi-field parallel imaging of the present invention;
图9为本发明多视野并行成像的新型物镜阵列中一个大视野高性能的小型显微物镜单元的光学系统的点列图;FIG. 9 is a point diagram of the optical system of a large-field high-performance small microscopic objective lens unit in the novel objective lens array for multi-field parallel imaging of the present invention;
图10为本发明多视野并行成像的新型物镜阵列中一个大视野高性能的小型显微物镜单元的光学系统的视场场曲图;FIG. 10 is a view field curve diagram of an optical system of a large-field high-performance small microscopic objective lens unit in a novel objective lens array for multi-field parallel imaging according to the present invention;
图11为本发明多视野并行成像的新型物镜阵列中一个大视野高性能的小型显微物镜单元的光学系统的畸变图;FIG. 11 is a distortion diagram of the optical system of a large-field high-performance small microscopic objective lens unit in the novel objective lens array for multi-field parallel imaging according to the present invention;
图12为本发明多视野并行成像的新型物镜阵列的截面图。Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a novel objective lens array for multi-field parallel imaging of the present invention.
图13为本发明多视野并行成像的新型物镜阵列的成像示意图。Fig. 13 is an imaging schematic diagram of a novel objective lens array for multi-field parallel imaging according to the present invention.
附图标记:1-物面,2-盖玻片,301-第一半透半反光学介质分光薄膜,302-第一透镜,303-第一透镜后表面,401-第二透镜前表面,402-第二透镜,403-第二半透半反光学介质分光薄膜,5-像面。Reference signs: 1-object plane, 2-cover glass, 301-first transflective optical medium spectroscopic film, 302-first lens, 303-rear surface of first lens, 401-front surface of second lens, 402-Second lens, 403-Second semi-transparent and semi-reflective optical medium spectroscopic film, 5-Image plane.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
需要说明,若本发明实施例中有涉及方向性指示(诸如上、下、左、右、前、后……),则该方向性指示仅用于解释在某一特定姿态(如附图所示)下各部件之间的相对位置关系、运动情况等,如果该特定姿态发生改变时,则该方向性指示也相应地随之改变。It should be noted that if there is a directional indication (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) in the embodiment of the present invention, the directional indication is only used to explain that it is in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings). If the specific posture changes, the relative positional relationship, movement, etc. of the components below will also change the directional indication accordingly.
以下将本发明的应用于多视野并行成像的新型物镜阵列光学系统做进一步的详细描述,但不应该限定本发明的保护范围。The novel objective lens array optical system applied to multi-field parallel imaging of the present invention will be described in further detail below, but the protection scope of the present invention should not be limited.
本发明的目的在于提供一种应用于多视野并行成像的新型物镜阵列光学系统,为光学显微镜领域提供多视野并行成像及显微观察的实现方案和成像光学系统,特别地,为数字病理领域提供超高速化和设备小型化的实现方案和成像光学系统、为组织芯片领域提供多视野同时观察与诊断的实现方案和成像光学系统。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a new type of objective lens array optical system applied to multi-field parallel imaging, to provide the realization of multi-field parallel imaging and microscopic observation and imaging optical system for the field of optical microscopy, especially for the field of digital pathology The realization scheme and imaging optical system of ultra-high-speed and equipment miniaturization, and the realization scheme and imaging optical system of providing multi-field simultaneous observation and diagnosis for the tissue chip field.
所述应用于多视野并行成像的新型物镜阵列光学系统中一个物镜单元的一种实施例,具体性能参数为:视野范围直径为1毫米,数值孔径为0.6,有效焦距为0.78毫米,入瞳直径为1.17毫米,视野范围为1.17毫米,系统总长为4.23毫米,放大倍数为5.14倍,成像分 辨率为0.24微米/像素,工作波长为0.4微米到0.7微米的可见光波长区域,设计波长为0.643微米、0.591微米、0.542微米、0.5微米、0.466微米,其中设计中心波长为0.542微米。An embodiment of an objective lens unit in the novel objective lens array optical system applied to multi-field parallel imaging, the specific performance parameters are: the field of view diameter is 1 mm, the numerical aperture is 0.6, the effective focal length is 0.78 mm, and the entrance pupil diameter It is 1.17 mm, the field of view is 1.17 mm, the total system length is 4.23 mm, the magnification is 5.14 times, the imaging resolution is 0.24 μm/pixel, the working wavelength is visible light wavelength region from 0.4 μm to 0.7 μm, the design wavelength is 0.643 μm, 0.591 microns, 0.542 microns, 0.5 microns, 0.466 microns, of which the design center wavelength is 0.542 microns.
所述大视野高性能的超小型显微物镜光学系统中一个物镜单元的一种实施例,主要性能参数之间具体满足如下关系:In an embodiment of an objective lens unit in the ultra-small microscopic objective lens optical system with large field of view and high performance, the main performance parameters specifically satisfy the following relationship:
数值孔径与工作介质折射率以及入射光最大锥角的半角之间的关系:The relationship between the numerical aperture, the refractive index of the working medium and the half angle of the maximum cone angle of the incident light:
NA=n*sinθ-----------------------------------------------式1NA=n*sinθ--------------------------------------------- --Formula 1
其中,NA表示数值孔径,n表示工作介质折射率,θ表示入射光最大锥角的半角。Among them, NA represents the numerical aperture, n represents the refractive index of the working medium, and θ represents the half angle of the maximum cone angle of the incident light.
入射光最大锥角的半角与入瞳直径以及有效焦距之间的关系:The relationship between the half-angle of the maximum cone angle of the incident light and the diameter of the entrance pupil and the effective focal length:
tanθ=EPD/(2*EFL)----------------------------------------式2tanθ=EPD/(2*EFL)---------------------------------------- 2
其中,θ表示入射光最大锥角的半角,EPD表示入瞳直径,EFL表示有效焦距。Among them, θ represents the half-angle of the maximum cone angle of the incident light, EPD represents the entrance pupil diameter, and EFL represents the effective focal length.
成像分辨率与放大倍数以及视野范围之间得关系:The relationship between imaging resolution, magnification and field of view:
δ=ρ 2/(Mag*U)--------------------------------------------式3 δ=ρ 2 /(Mag*U)---------------------------------------- ----Form 3
其中,δ表示成像分辨率,ρ表示图像传感器的像素大小,Mag表示放大倍数,U表示单位长度;本实例中ρ具体为1.12微米,U具体为1微米,Mag具体为5.14,因此,成像分辨率具体为0.24微米/像素。Among them, δ represents the imaging resolution, ρ represents the pixel size of the image sensor, Mag represents the magnification, U represents the unit length; in this example, ρ is specifically 1.12 microns, U is specifically 1 micron, and Mag is specifically 5.14. Therefore, the imaging resolution The rate is specifically 0.24 microns/pixel.
如图12和图13所示,一种多视野并行成像的新型物镜阵列,由多个完全相同的大视野高性能的小型显微物镜单元按照四边形矩阵排列方式实现的阵列式显微光学成像系统。其中,四边形矩阵排列方式,可以是多个大视野高性能的小型显微物镜单元进行并排拼接摆放所构成的矩形物镜阵列。As shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13, a new type of multi-field parallel imaging objective lens array, an array type microscopic optical imaging system realized by a plurality of identical large-field high-performance small microscope objective lens units arranged in a quadrilateral matrix arrangement . Among them, the quadrilateral matrix arrangement can be a rectangular objective lens array formed by a plurality of small microscope objective lens units with large field of view and high performance arranged side by side spliced.
如图12所示,本发明的物镜阵列沿其光轴方向,依次包括第一透镜阵列和第二透镜阵列。显微物镜单元包括位于第一透镜阵列的第一透镜302和位于第二透镜阵列的第二透镜402。第一透镜302与第二透镜402相对。每一个小型显微物镜单元是一种折反射式的物镜。所述大视野高性能的超小型显微物镜光学系统中一个物镜单元的一种实施例,具体使用两片的光学透镜,材质为高熔点和高低色散搭配的玻璃,具体为第一透镜302采用高色散材质玻璃搭配第二透镜402采用低色散材质玻璃,或者第一透镜302采用低色散材质玻璃搭配第二透镜402采用高色散材质玻璃,例如SCHOTT公司的编号NLAF35材料(Vd=-2.6444)搭配编号NSK16(Vd=-0.0007)材料,或者HOYA公司的编号NBF2(Vd=-0.9575)材料搭配编号MBACD15(Vd=2.1589)材料,又或者成都光明公司的编号DLAF82L(Vd=-2.0274)材料搭配HZK7(Vd=-0.2680)材料等。As shown in FIG. 12, the objective lens array of the present invention includes a first lens array and a second lens array in sequence along its optical axis. The microscope objective lens unit includes a first lens 302 located in the first lens array and a second lens 402 located in the second lens array. The first lens 302 is opposite to the second lens 402. Each small microscope objective lens unit is a catadioptric objective lens. An embodiment of one objective lens unit in the ultra-small microscopic objective lens optical system with large field of view and high performance. Specifically, two optical lenses are used, and the material is glass with high melting point and high and low dispersion. Specifically, the first lens 302 adopts High-dispersion glass with low-dispersion glass for the second lens 402, or low-dispersion glass with the first lens 302 and high-dispersion glass with the second lens 402, such as SCHOTT's NLAF35 material (Vd=-2.6444) No. NSK16 (Vd=-0.0007) material, or HOYA company’s number NBF2 (Vd=-0.9575) material with number MBACD15 (Vd=2.1589) material, or Chengdu Guangming company’s number DLAF82L (Vd=-2.0274) material with HZK7 (Vd=-0.2680) Materials and so on.
所述大视野高性能的超小型显微物镜光学系统中一个物镜单元的一种实施例,具体为沿光轴方向从左向右分别设置的物面1,第一透镜302,第二透镜402,以及像面5,其中物面1位于最左侧有限远,像面5位于最右侧有限远第一透镜302的前表面以及第二透镜402的后表面均镀有半透头半反的光学介质分光薄膜。该半透半反的光学介质分光薄膜,具体为:一种半透半反光学介质分光镀膜,利用其光学性能,实现对入射到镀膜表面的光,一部分进行透射,一部分进行反射。An embodiment of an objective lens unit in the large-field high-performance ultra-compact micro-objective optical system, specifically the object plane 1, the first lens 302, and the second lens 402 respectively arranged from left to right along the optical axis direction , And image plane 5, in which the object plane 1 is located at the far left finite distance, and the image plane 5 is located at the far right finite distance. The front surface of the first lens 302 and the rear surface of the second lens 402 are both plated with a transflective lens Optical media spectroscopic film. The semi-transmissive and semi-reflective optical medium spectroscopic film is specifically: a semi-transparent and semi-reflective optical medium spectroscopic coating, which utilizes its optical performance to realize part of the light incident on the coating surface is transmitted and some is reflected.
本发明一种大视野高性能的超小型显微物镜光学系统中一个物镜单元的一种实施例,如图1至图3所示,光在系统中的传播路径具体如下:首先沿光轴方向,从被观测物体来的光照射到镀有第一半透半反光学介质分光薄膜301的第一透镜302前表面,第一透镜302前表面面向物面1为凹面,面向像面5为凸面,第一半透半反光学介质分光薄膜301的曲率与第一透镜302前表面的曲率相同,入射光被第一透镜302前表面镀膜反射的光不作成像,另一部分被透过的光通过第一透镜302及其后表面303,照射到第二透镜402的前表面401,第一透镜302的后表面303面向物面1为凹面,面向像面5为凸面,第二透镜402的前表面401面向物面1为凹面,面向像面5为凸面;光线通过第二透镜402的前表面401,照射到镀有第二半透半反光学介质分光薄膜403的第二透镜402后表面,第二透镜402后表面面向物面1为凹面,面向像面5为凸面,第二透镜402后表面的光学镀膜的曲率与第二透镜402后表面的曲率相同;被第二透镜402后表面的第二半透半反光学介质分光薄膜403反射的光再次进入光学系统,透过第二透镜402后表面光学膜的光散射照射到像面5。An embodiment of an objective lens unit in an ultra-small microscope objective optical system with a large field of view and high performance of the present invention, as shown in Figures 1 to 3, the propagation path of light in the system is specifically as follows: first along the optical axis direction , The light from the observed object irradiates the front surface of the first lens 302 coated with the first transflective optical medium spectroscopic film 301. The front surface of the first lens 302 faces the object surface 1 as a concave surface and the image surface 5 as a convex surface The curvature of the first semi-transmissive and semi-reflective optical medium light-splitting film 301 is the same as the curvature of the front surface of the first lens 302. The incident light is reflected by the coating on the front surface of the first lens 302 without imaging, and the other part of the transmitted light passes through The first lens 302 and its rear surface 303 illuminate the front surface 401 of the second lens 402. The rear surface 303 of the first lens 302 faces the object surface 1 as a concave surface, and the image surface 5 faces the convex surface, and the front surface of the second lens 402 401 faces the object surface 1 as a concave surface, and faces the image surface 5 as a convex surface; the light passes through the front surface 401 of the second lens 402 and irradiates the back surface of the second lens 402 coated with the second semi-transmissive and semi-reflective optical dichroic film 403. The rear surface of the second lens 402 is concave facing the object surface 1 and the image surface 5 is convex. The curvature of the optical coating on the rear surface of the second lens 402 is the same as the curvature of the rear surface of the second lens 402; The light reflected by the light splitting film 403 of the two semi-transmissive and semi-reflective optical medium enters the optical system again, and the light scattered through the optical film on the rear surface of the second lens 402 is irradiated to the image surface 5.
其次,再次进入光学系统的光,被第二透镜402所聚焦,再次进入第一透镜302,再通过第一透镜302前表面的第一半透半反光学介质分光薄膜301进行反射,最终聚焦照射到像面5上;因此像面5上具有散射的第一次光传播透射光,同时具有聚焦的折反射光,但是由于聚焦光的光照强度远大于散射光的光照强度,因此,像面5上能够成高信噪比的高清高质量的显微图像。Secondly, the light that enters the optical system again is focused by the second lens 402, enters the first lens 302 again, and is reflected by the first transflective optical medium splitting film 301 on the front surface of the first lens 302, and finally focused and illuminated To the image plane 5; therefore, the image plane 5 has the scattered light transmitted for the first time, and at the same time has the focused refractive reflected light, but because the intensity of the focused light is much greater than the intensity of the scattered light, therefore, the image plane 5 It can be high-definition high-quality microscopic images with high signal-to-noise ratio.
第一透镜阵列和第二透镜阵列中每一个透镜均可以是圆形透镜。第一透镜302和第二透镜402之间具有间隔。该间隔中可以充满空气或者液体,又或者间隔内设有其他透镜或其他透镜组合。前述第一透镜阵列中每一个透镜的前表面和后表面的面型均可以为非球面,第二透镜阵列中每一个透镜的前表面和后表面也可以均为非球面。Each lens in the first lens array and the second lens array may be a circular lens. There is an interval between the first lens 302 and the second lens 402. The interval may be filled with air or liquid, or other lenses or other lens combinations may be arranged in the interval. The front surface and the back surface of each lens in the aforementioned first lens array can both be aspherical, and the front and back surfaces of each lens in the second lens array can also be aspherical.
本发明公开的大视野高性能的超小型显微物镜光学系统中一个物镜单元的设计数据如表1所示。表1给出了上述所述实施例:大视野高性能的超小型显微物镜光学系统一个物镜单元的每一片透镜表面以及半透半反光学介质分光薄膜的具体设计参数值。Table 1 shows the design data of one objective lens unit in the ultra-small microscopic objective lens optical system with large field of view and high performance disclosed in the present invention. Table 1 shows the specific design parameter values of each lens surface of an objective lens unit and the semi-transmissive and semi-reflective optical medium spectroscopic film of the above-mentioned embodiment: the ultra-small microscopic objective optical system with large field of view and high performance.
表1本发明的一种大视野高性能的超小型显微物镜光学系统中一个物镜单元的设计参数。Table 1 The design parameters of an objective lens unit in the ultra-small microscopic objective lens optical system with a large field of view and high performance of the present invention.
Figure PCTCN2020071386-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2020071386-appb-000001
图4显示了本实施例的大视野高性能的超小型显微物镜光学系统中一个物镜单元的调制传递函数MTF,接近衍射极限。图5显示了本实施例的纵截面的光线特性,图6显示了本实施例的光学系统的横截面的光线特性。图7显示了本实施例的纵截面的光程特性图,图8显示了本实施例的横截面的光程特性图。图9显示了本实施例的点列图。图10显示了本实施例的视场场曲图,图11显示了本实施例的畸变图。这些性能图均表示了本发明由多个物镜单元组成的应用于多视野并行成像的新型物镜阵列具有良好的光学性能,成像质量接近完美成像,完全满足多视野并行光学显微观察以及数字病理高速成像的要求。FIG. 4 shows the modulation transfer function MTF of an objective lens unit in the ultra-small microscopic objective lens optical system with large field of view and high performance in this embodiment, which is close to the diffraction limit. FIG. 5 shows the light characteristics of the longitudinal section of this embodiment, and FIG. 6 shows the light characteristics of the cross section of the optical system of this embodiment. FIG. 7 shows the optical path characteristic diagram of the longitudinal section of this embodiment, and FIG. 8 shows the optical path characteristic diagram of the cross section of this embodiment. Fig. 9 shows a dot chart of this embodiment. FIG. 10 shows the field of view curve diagram of this embodiment, and FIG. 11 shows the distortion diagram of this embodiment. These performance diagrams all show that the novel objective lens array of the present invention, which is composed of multiple objective lens units and applied to multi-field parallel imaging, has good optical performance, and the imaging quality is close to perfect imaging, which fully meets the requirements of multi-field parallel optical microscopic observation and high-speed digital pathology. Imaging requirements.
这里需要说明的是:在不冲突的情况下,本领域的技术人员可以根据实际情况将上述各示例中相关的技术特征相互组合,以达到相应的技术效果,具体对于各种组合情况在此不一一赘述。What needs to be explained here is that if there is no conflict, those skilled in the art can combine the relevant technical features in the above examples according to the actual situation to achieve the corresponding technical effects. Specifically, the various combinations are not here. Go into details one by one.
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,本发明的保护范围并不仅局限于上述实施例,凡属于本发明思路下的技术方案均属于本发明的保护范围。应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理前提下的若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. All technical solutions under the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, several improvements and modifications made without departing from the principles of the present invention should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

  1. 一种应用于多视野并行成像的新型物镜阵列,其特征在于,其是由多个大视野高性能的小型显微物镜单元,按照四边形矩阵排列方式实现的阵列式显微光学成像系统;A novel objective lens array applied to multi-field parallel imaging, characterized in that it is an array type microscopic optical imaging system realized by a plurality of large-field high-performance small microscopic objective lens units in a quadrilateral matrix arrangement;
    所述物镜阵列沿其光轴方向,依次包括第一透镜阵列和第二透镜阵列;The objective lens array includes a first lens array and a second lens array in sequence along its optical axis;
    所述显微物镜单元包括位于第一透镜阵列的第一透镜和位于第二透镜阵列的第二透镜,所述第一透镜与所述第二透镜相对;其中,第一透镜面向物面的表面为前表面,面向像面的表面为后表面;第二透镜面向物面的表面为前表面,面向像面的表面为后表面;所述的第一透镜和第二透镜构成一种折反射式光学系统,在第一透镜前表面镀有第一半透半反光学介质分光薄膜,在第二透镜后表面镀有第二半透半反光学介质分光薄膜。The microscope objective lens unit includes a first lens located in a first lens array and a second lens located in a second lens array, the first lens is opposite to the second lens; wherein the surface of the first lens facing the object surface Is the front surface, the surface facing the image surface is the back surface; the surface of the second lens facing the object surface is the front surface, and the surface facing the image surface is the back surface; the first lens and the second lens constitute a catadioptric In the optical system, a first semi-transmissive and semi-reflective optical medium spectroscopic film is plated on the front surface of the first lens, and a second semi-transparent and semi-reflective optical medium spectroscopic film is plated on the back surface of the second lens.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的应用于多视野并行成像的新型物镜阵列,其特征在于,第一透镜阵列和第二透镜阵列中每一个透镜均是圆形透镜;第一透镜和第二透镜之间具有间隔;间隔中充满空气或者液体,又或者间隔内设有其他透镜或其他透镜组合。The novel objective lens array applied to multi-field parallel imaging according to claim 1, wherein each lens in the first lens array and the second lens array is a circular lens; between the first lens and the second lens There is a gap; the gap is filled with air or liquid, or there are other lenses or other lens combinations in the gap.
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的应用于多视野并行成像的新型物镜阵列,其特征在于,第一透镜阵列中每一个透镜的前表面和后表面的面型为非球面,第二透镜阵列中每一个透镜的前表面和后表面为非球面。The novel objective lens array applied to multi-field parallel imaging according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the front surface and the back surface of each lens in the first lens array are aspherical, and the second lens array The front and back surfaces of each lens are aspherical.
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的应用于多视野并行成像的新型物镜阵列,其特征在于,四边形矩阵排列方式,是多个大视野高性能的小型显微物镜单元进行并排拼接摆放所构成的矩形物镜阵列。The novel objective lens array for multi-field parallel imaging according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the quadrilateral matrix arrangement is composed of a plurality of large-field high-performance small microscope objective lens units arranged side by side. Rectangular objective lens array.
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