CN110208937B - Large-field high-performance microminiature microscope objective lens - Google Patents

Large-field high-performance microminiature microscope objective lens Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110208937B
CN110208937B CN201910585611.XA CN201910585611A CN110208937B CN 110208937 B CN110208937 B CN 110208937B CN 201910585611 A CN201910585611 A CN 201910585611A CN 110208937 B CN110208937 B CN 110208937B
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lens
light
image plane
microscope objective
rear surface
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CN110208937A (en
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于綦悦
何俊峰
吴庆军
唐玉豪
邓建
刘亚鸿
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Dakewe Shenzhen Medical Equipment Co ltd
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Dakewe Shenzhen Medical Equipment Co ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B17/00Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
    • G02B17/08Catadioptric systems
    • G02B17/0804Catadioptric systems using two curved mirrors
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B21/00Microscopes
    • G02B21/02Objectives
    • G02B21/04Objectives involving mirrors

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Microscoopes, Condenser (AREA)

Abstract

A large-view high-performance microminiature microscope objective is a catadioptric optical system, which sequentially comprises a first lens and a second lens along the optical axis direction, wherein the first lens and the second lens are meniscus lenses, the surface facing an object plane is a concave surface, the surface facing an image plane is a convex surface, the first lens faces the object plane to be a front surface, the second lens faces the image plane to be a rear surface, semi-transparent semi-reflective medium light splitting films are plated, an aperture diaphragm is positioned on the rear surface of the first lens facing the image plane, the object plane is positioned at the front end limited far position of the front surface of the first lens, and the image plane is positioned at the rear end limited far position of the rear surface of the second lens. The invention adopts a catadioptric structure, so that the maximum diffraction path of light in the system is simply realized, and the diffraction limit is reached. One example of the present invention achieves a field of view diameter of 1 mm, a numerical aperture of 0.6, a total system length of 4.23 mm, a magnification of 5.14 times, and an imaging resolution of 0.24 microns/pixel.

Description

Large-field high-performance microminiature microscope objective lens
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of optical imaging, in particular to a large-field high-performance microminiature microscope objective.
Background
A microscope objective lens is one of the essential optical components of an optical microscope system, and is used at the front end of a microscope apparatus, and is the first lens in the optical microscope system to receive the light of an object to be observed. Generally, a microscope objective consists of an entrance pupil lens, an aperture stop, an intermediate lens or an intermediate lens combination, and an exit pupil lens, and is used for magnifying a local area of the observation object so as to realize observation of people on a microscopic world. Light from an observed object firstly irradiates into the lens barrel through the entrance pupil lens, secondly is amplified under the action of the aperture diaphragm and the intermediate lens, and finally irradiates out of the lens barrel through the exit pupil lens, and clear imaging is realized.
The performance of the microscope objective is mainly composed of: numerical aperture, field of view, magnification, effective focal length. Numerical aperture describes the size of the cone angle of acceptance of the objective lens, directly determining the acceptance power and optical resolution of the microscope objective lens, for example: the larger the numerical aperture is, the stronger the light receiving capability of the micro objective lens is, and the higher the optical resolution is; the field of view is the range of an observed object which can be amplified and imaged by the microscope objective, the amplification factor is the ratio of the field of view to the imaging area, and generally under the condition that the imaging area is fixed, the larger the amplification factor is, the smaller the field of view is, and the more the number of the required intermediate lenses (generally more than three lenses) is, so that aberration of high-magnification imaging is inhibited; the effective focal length is the distance from the principal point of the optical system to the focal point on the optical axis, and the smaller the effective focal length is, the larger the magnification is, the smaller the field of view is, and the larger the numerical aperture is.
For the optical microscope user, the ideal microscope objective has the characteristics: the microscopic observation device has the advantages that the visual field range is large, the numerical aperture is large, all details of the ultra-microstructure of an observed object can be observed at one time, the microscopic observation efficiency is improved, and the observation load is reduced. However, according to the above relation between the parameters determining the performance of the microscope objective, it is necessary to increase the numerical aperture and the magnification for clear imaging of the ultrastructure, which inevitably results in a reduction of the field of view, an increase of the number of intermediate lenses, and a sudden increase of the volume of the microscope objective, the manufacturing cost and the assembly difficulty.
The limitations of the conventional microscope objectives described above have led to a number of invariants for the user of the optical microscope in practical applications. For example, in the field of pathological diagnosis, a doctor needs to bear more than 100 pathological section microscopic observation tasks every day, and uses a traditional microscope objective, so that the doctor needs to repeatedly switch microscope objectives with different multiplying power when observing each section due to the limitation of numerical aperture and magnification, thereby realizing the accurate observation of pathological sections from macroscopic structure to ultrastructural structure and ensuring the accuracy of pathological diagnosis; due to the limitation of the visual field range, a doctor must operate the translation stage when carrying out microscopic observation so as to realize observation and diagnosis of each local tissue in the whole slice and prevent misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis; the limitation on the performance of the traditional microscope leads to the increase of the use complexity of the optical microscope, the doctor usually needs more than 20 minutes to observe one pathological section, the efficiency is extremely low, the labor burden and the intensity of the pathologist are huge, the physical and mental health of the pathologist is threatened, and meanwhile, the risks for missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis of the pathological diagnosis are increased. On the other hand, the large volume of the microscope objective leads to the large volume of the optical microscope, which is not beneficial to the large-scale placement of the microscope in the pathology department with limited area, and meanwhile, the high price is not beneficial to the purchase of hospitals, and the increase of the medical cost of pathology diagnosis is also caused.
With the advancement of technology, the digital pathology technology in recent years becomes a key for solving the problems of the traditional microscope objective. The digital pathology uses an electric object stage and a digital camera to scan the whole Zhang Bingli slice tissue and shoot a tissue ultrastructural image of each microscopic field, then uses an image stitching technology to finish digital high-definition imaging of the whole pathology slice tissue, and a pathologist can observe each detail on the whole pathology slice through a computer display and easily and accurately finish pathological diagnosis through enlarging, reducing and translating the image. However, at present, a traditional microscope objective is still adopted in digital pathology equipment, and due to the fact that a plurality of problems caused by the limitation of the traditional microscope objective are transferred from pathology diagnosis to pathology section scanning before pathology diagnosis, the imaging speed of digital pathology images is slow, and usually tens of minutes are required to finish digital scanning of one slice, so that the digital pathology technology can lighten the burden and labor intensity of a pathologist to a certain extent and improve the pathology diagnosis accuracy to a certain extent, but the efficiency of pathology diagnosis is still not improved and is even lower than that of the traditional pathology diagnosis, and the development of digital pathology technology and the application of the digital pathology technology in clinic are severely limited.
In order to break through the limitation of the traditional microscope objective and solve the problem of the traditional microscope objective in application, the value of the digital pathology technology is really realized, and a novel microscope objective is needed, so that the volume is required to be small, the cost is low, the traditional microscope objective is overturned, the volume of an optical microscope is conveniently reduced, and the scanning imaging time of the digital pathology is improved while the numerical aperture and the visual field range are required to be large enough.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-described problems and improvements of conventional objectives, the present invention provides a large-field high-performance microminiature objective. The method can be applied to the field of optical microscopes, realizes the microminiaturized optical microscope product, is mainly applied to the field of digital pathological imaging, and realizes microminiaturized and ultra-high-speed digital pathological section scanning. The performance parameters of the large-field high-performance microminiature microscope objective which is mainly applied to the field of digital pathology imaging are as follows: the numerical aperture is 0.4-0.9, the effective focal length is 0.5-1.0 mm, the entrance pupil diameter is 1.0-2.0 mm, the total length of the optical system is less than 25 mm, the visual field range is greater than 1 mm, the optical magnification is 4-10 times, the imaging resolution is 0.1-1.0 microns/pixel, the working wavelength is 0.466-0.643 microns in the visible light range, and the center wavelength is 0.542 microns.
The imaging principle of the invention is as follows:
a large-view high-performance microminiature microscope objective is a catadioptric objective. First, along the optical axis direction, the first lens and the second lens are sequentially arranged from the surface (object plane) of an observed object to the imaging surface (image plane), wherein the first lens is a meniscus lens, the front surface facing the object plane is a concave surface, and the rear surface facing the image plane is a convex surface; the second lens is a concave-convex lens, the front surface facing the object plane is a concave surface, and the rear surface facing the image plane is a convex surface; the curvatures of the front surface and the rear surface of the first lens and the second lens are different; the aperture stop is located at a rear surface position of the first lens.
The front surface of the first lens and the rear surface of the second lens are both plated with a semi-transparent semi-reflective medium light splitting film along the optical axis direction of the micro-objective lens, the semi-transparent semi-reflective medium light splitting film is an optical coating film, incident light can be transmitted along the incident direction and continuously transmitted, meanwhile, the incident light is reflected along the incident reverse direction and continuously transmitted along the incident reverse direction, the light transmitted along the incident direction and continuously transmitted is transmitted, the light emitted along the incident reverse direction and continuously transmitted along the incident reverse direction is reflected, the energy sum of the reflected light and the transmitted light is equal to the energy of the incident light according to the law of conservation of energy, and the sum of the illumination intensities of the reflected light and the transmitted light is specifically equal to the illumination intensity of the incident light.
The microminiature microscope objective is characterized in that all the materials of the microminiature microscope objective are glass with low melting point and high-low dispersion.
The above materials are matched with high and low dispersion, namely, the first lens is made of high dispersion material glass and the second lens is made of low dispersion material glass, or the first lens is made of low dispersion material glass and the second lens is made of high dispersion material glass, and the optical dispersion is mutually compensated through the combination and matching of the materials with high and low dispersion, so that the chromatic aberration is eliminated and the imaging quality is improved.
The imaging principle of the microminiature microscope objective is as follows: along the optical axis direction, light from an observed object irradiates the front surface of the first lens, passes through the first semi-transparent semi-reflective medium light splitting film, one part of light is reflected outside the optical system and does not form imaging, the other part of light enters the optical system through the film to form incident light, the incident light entering the optical system passes through the first lens and exits from the rear surface of the first lens, passes through an air gap between the first lens and the second lens, enters the front surface of the second lens and irradiates to the rear surface of the second lens, passes through the second semi-transparent semi-reflective medium light splitting film on the rear surface of the second lens, one part of light exits from the optical system through the film to form divergent light with weak illumination intensity and irradiates to an image surface, the other part of light is reflected and irradiates to the first lens according to the curvature of the rear surface of the second lens, the part of reflected light passes through the first semi-transparent semi-reflective medium light splitting film on the front surface of the first lens, irradiates to the rear surface of the second lens according to the curvature of the front surface of the first lens, converges to form a second semi-reflective medium light splitting film penetrating the second lens, and the second semi-reflective medium light splitting film is converged at the focal point position, namely the focal point is continuously focused on the focal point position.
According to the imaging principle, the light component on the image plane is scattered completely transmitted light without forming a focus, and converged multiple reflected light with forming an imaging focus, the irradiation of the multiple reflected light is far higher than that of the once completely transmitted light, in the imaging, the completely transmitted light is noise, and the multiple reflected light is imaging, so that the signal-to-noise ratio of imaging contrast noise is high, and even if the completely transmitted light exists, the clear imaging is not greatly affected.
Further, the first lens and the second lens are circular lenses, and a space is formed between the first lens and the second lens; the space can be filled with air or liquid, or other lenses and other lens combinations meeting higher imaging requirements are arranged in the space.
Further, the front surface and the rear surface of the first lens are aspheric or custom curved surfaces, and the front surface and the rear surface of the second lens are aspheric or custom curved surfaces. The surface of the aspheric surface or the custom curved surface is used, so that the design of the optical system can more easily meet the requirement of miniaturization, and the design of the optical system can also be more easily optimized, thereby completely meeting the requirement of system performance. In the case of using a conventional spherical surface, a larger area lens or a longer optical system distance is required to achieve the performance requirement of the optical system, in short, the surface of an aspheric surface or a custom curved surface is used, under the constraints of miniaturization and high performance requirement of the optical system, the optimization of the design of the optical system is more perfect, and the spherical surface cannot meet the constraints of both the high performance requirement and the miniaturization requirement.
Compared with the prior art, the large-field high-performance microminiature microscope objective has the following performances and application advantages:
(1) The large-view high-performance microminiature microscope objective optical system adopts the catadioptric structure, so that the high-performance optical microscope objective can be realized by a small number of lenses, the path length of light rays transmitted in the optical system is prolonged, the microscope objective reaches the diffraction limit of the light rays, and the optical performance of the two lenses is brought into play extremely;
(2) The large-field high-performance microminiature microscope objective of the invention reduces the number of lenses while ensuring high performance, thereby bringing about great reduction of the volume of the objective, great saving of the production cost and great reduction of the production difficulty;
(3) The large-view high-performance microminiature microscope objective can realize the convergence of imaging light, form a high-energy imaging focus, greatly improve the signal-to-noise ratio of imaging and realize high-quality clear imaging in a large microscopic view;
(4) The large-field high-performance microminiature microscope objective completely meets the miniaturization requirement of an optical microscope, particularly completely meets the requirement of high-speed digital pathology scanning, can improve the traditional digital pathology scanning time by more than 10 times, and completely meets the high-efficiency and accurate application requirement of the digital pathology technology in clinical pathology diagnosis.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the structure and optical path of a large field high performance microminiature objective optical system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a first lens of the large field high performance subminiature objective optical system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a second lens of the large field high performance subminiature objective optical system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the modulation transfer function MTF of a large field high performance subminiature objective optical system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of a light ray characteristic fan of a longitudinal section of a large field high performance microminiature objective optical system of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a light ray characteristic fan diagram of a cross section of a large field high performance subminiature objective optical system of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the optical path and fan of the longitudinal section of the present invention for a large field high performance microminiature microscope objective optical system;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the optical path and fan of a cross section of a large field high performance microminiature microscope objective optical system of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a point-to-point diagram of a large field high performance subminiature objective optical system of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a field curvature of field diagram of a large field high performance subminiature objective optical system of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a distortion diagram of a large field high performance microminiature microscope objective optical system of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1-object plane, 2-cover glass, 301-first semi-transparent semi-reflecting medium light-splitting film, 302-first lens, 303-first lens rear surface, 401-second lens front surface, 402-second lens, 403-second semi-transparent semi-reflecting medium light-splitting film and 5-image plane.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that, if directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) are included in the embodiments of the present invention, the directional indications are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement conditions, etc. between the components in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are correspondingly changed.
The following describes the large-field high-performance microminiature microscope objective optical system in further detail, but should not limit the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a large-field high-performance microminiature microscope objective optical system, a device miniaturization realization scheme and an imaging optical system are provided for the field of optical microscopy, and particularly, a hypervelocity and device miniaturization realization scheme and an imaging optical system are provided for the field of digital pathology.
An embodiment of the large-field high-performance microminiature microscope objective optical system comprises the following specific performance parameters: the diameter of the visual field range is 1 mm, the numerical aperture is 0.6, the effective focal length is 0.78 mm, the entrance pupil diameter is 1.17 mm, the visual field range is 1.17 mm, the total length of the system is 4.23 mm, the magnification is 5.14 times, the imaging resolution is 0.24 microns/pixel, the working wavelength is in the visible light wavelength region of 0.4-0.7 microns, the design wavelength is 0.643 microns, 0.591 microns, 0.542 microns, 0.5 microns and 0.466 microns, the design center wavelength is 0.542 microns, and the parameters meet the realization requirements of optical microscope imaging and equipment miniaturization and the realization requirements of digital pathology scanning efficiency improvement and high-quality microscopic imaging.
In one embodiment of the large-field high-performance microminiature microscope objective optical system, the following relation is specifically satisfied between main performance parameters:
relationship between numerical aperture and working medium refractive index and half angle of maximum cone angle of incident light:
na=n·sin θ— the moiety of 1
Where NA denotes a numerical aperture, n denotes a refractive index of the working medium, and θ denotes a half angle of a maximum cone angle of incident light.
Relationship between half angle of maximum cone angle of incident light and entrance pupil diameter and effective focal length:
tan θ=epd/(2×efl) - -, and 2
Where θ represents the half angle of the maximum cone angle of the incident light, EPD represents the entrance pupil diameter, and EFL represents the effective focal length.
The relationship between imaging resolution and magnification and field of view:
δ=ρ 2 (Mag U) - -, 3
Wherein δ represents imaging resolution, ρ represents pixel size of the image sensor, mag represents magnification, and U represents unit length; in this example ρ is specifically 1.12 microns, U is specifically 1 micron, mag is specifically 5.14, and thus the imaging resolution is specifically 0.24 microns/pixel.
An embodiment of the large-field high-performance subminiature objective optical system specifically uses two optical lenses, and is made of glass with high melting point and high-low dispersion, specifically that the first lens 302 is made of glass with high dispersion material and the second lens 402 is made of glass with low dispersion material, or that the first lens 302 is made of glass with low dispersion material and the second lens 402 is made of glass with high dispersion material, for example, the material with the number NLAF35 (vd= -2.6444) and the material with the number NSK16 (vd= -0.0007) of the SCHOTT company, the material with the number NBF2 (vd= -0.9575) and the material with the number MBACD15 (vd= 2.1589) of the HOYA company, or the material with the number DLAF82L (vd= -2.0274) and the material with the number HZK7 (vd= -0.2680) of the dumming company, etc.
An embodiment of the large-field high-performance microminiature microscope optical system is specifically an object plane 1, a first lens 302, a second lens 402 and an image plane 5 which are respectively arranged from left to right along the optical axis direction, wherein the object plane 1 is located at the leftmost limited distance, and the image plane 5 is located at the rightmost limited distance, and the front surface of the first lens 302 and the rear surface of the second lens 402 are both coated with semi-transparent semi-reflective optical medium beam splitting films. The semi-transparent and semi-reflective optical medium light splitting film specifically comprises: the semi-transparent semi-reflective optical medium light-splitting coating film utilizes the optical performance to realize the transmission of part of light incident on the surface of the coating film and the reflection of part of light.
An embodiment of a large-field high-performance microminiature microscope objective optical system of the present invention is shown in fig. 1 to 3, wherein the propagation path of light in the system is specifically as follows: first, along the optical axis direction, light from an observed object irradiates the front surface of a first lens 302 plated with a first semi-transparent semi-reflective medium light splitting film 301, the front surface of the first lens 302 faces the object plane 1 to be concave, faces the image plane 5 to be convex, the curvature of the first semi-transparent semi-reflective medium light splitting film 301 is the same as that of the front surface of the first lens 302, the incident light is not imaged, the other part of transmitted light passes through the first lens 302 and the rear surface 303 thereof, irradiates the front surface 401 of a second lens 402, the rear surface 303 of the first lens 302 faces the object plane 1 to be concave, faces the image plane 5 to be convex, and the front surface 401 of the second lens object plane 402 faces the object plane 1 to be concave, faces the image plane 5 to be convex; the light passes through the front surface 401 of the second lens 402 and irradiates the rear surface of the second lens 402 coated with the second transflective medium light splitting film 403, the rear surface of the second lens 402 is concave facing the object plane 1 and convex facing the image plane 5, and the curvature of the optical coating film on the rear surface of the second lens 402 is the same as that of the rear surface of the second lens 402; the light reflected by the second transflective medium light splitting film 403 on the rear surface of the second lens 402 enters the optical system again, and the light transmitted through the optical film on the rear surface of the second lens 402 is scattered and irradiated to the image plane 5.
Secondly, the light entering the optical system again is focused by the second lens 402, enters the first lens 302 again, is reflected by the first semi-transparent semi-reflective medium light-splitting film 301 on the front surface of the first lens 302, and finally is focused and irradiated on the image surface 5; therefore, the image plane 5 has scattered first light and transmitted light, and has focused refraction and reflection light, but the illumination intensity of the focused light is far greater than that of the scattered light, so that a high-definition high-quality microscopic image with high signal-to-noise ratio can be formed on the image plane 5.
The aforementioned first lens 302 and second lens 402 may each be a circular lens. There is a space between the first lens 302 and the second lens 402. The space can be filled with air or liquid, or other lenses and other lens combinations are arranged in the space. The front and rear surfaces of the first lens 302 may each be aspherical in shape, and the front and rear surfaces of the second lens 402 may each be aspherical.
Design data of the disclosed large-field high-performance microminiature microscope objective optical system are shown in table 2. Table 2 shows one example of the above: the specific design parameter values of the semi-transparent semi-reflective medium light splitting film are the surface of each lens in the large-view high-performance ultra-small micro objective optical system.
Table 2 shows the design parameters of a large-field high-performance microminiature microscope objective optical system of the present invention.
Fig. 4 shows the modulation transfer function MTF of the large field high performance subminiature objective optical system of this example, approaching the diffraction limit. Fig. 5 shows the light ray characteristics of the longitudinal section of the optical system of the present embodiment, and fig. 6 shows the light ray characteristics of the cross section of the optical system of the present embodiment. Fig. 7 shows an optical path characteristic diagram of a longitudinal section of the optical system of the present embodiment, and fig. 8 shows an optical path characteristic diagram of a cross section of the optical system of the present embodiment. Fig. 9 shows a point diagram of the optical system of the present embodiment. Fig. 10 shows a field curvature of field of the optical system of the present embodiment, and fig. 11 shows a distortion diagram of the optical system of the present embodiment. The performance graphs show that the large-field high-performance microminiature microscope objective optical system has good optical performance, the imaging quality is close to perfect imaging, and the requirements of optical microscopic observation and digital pathological imaging are completely met.
What needs to be explained here is: under the condition of no conflict, the technical features related to the examples can be combined with each other according to actual situations by a person skilled in the art so as to achieve corresponding technical effects, and specific details of the combination situations are not described in detail herein.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and all technical solutions belonging to the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and adaptations to the present invention may occur to one skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention and are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. The utility model provides a high performance microminiature microscope of large visual field, along its optical axis direction, includes first lens and second lens from object plane to image plane in proper order, its characterized in that: the first lens is a meniscus lens, the front surface facing the object plane is a concave surface, and the rear surface facing the image plane is a convex surface; the second lens is a concave-convex lens, the front surface facing the object plane is a concave surface, and the rear surface facing the image plane is a convex surface; front and rear surface curvatures of the first lens and the second lens are different; the aperture diaphragm is positioned at the rear surface of the first lens, a first semi-transparent semi-reflective medium light splitting film is plated on the concave surface of the first lens, a second semi-transparent semi-reflective medium light splitting film is plated on the convex surface of the second lens, and a space is reserved between the first lens and the second lens so as to form a repeated refraction and reflection type optical mechanism; the performance parameters of the microminiature microscope objective are as follows: the numerical aperture is 0.4-0.9 mm, the effective focal length is 0.5-1.0 mm, the entrance pupil diameter is 1.0-2.0 mm, the total length of the optical system is less than 25 mm, the visual field range is greater than 1 mm, the optical magnification is 4-10 times, the imaging resolution is 0.1-1.0 microns/pixel, the working wavelength is 0.466-0.643 microns in the visible light range, and the center wavelength is 0.542 microns;
converging the light to the convex surface of the second lens according to the curvature of the concave surface of the first lens, and continuously converging the light to form a focus with high illumination intensity, wherein the focus is the image plane position;
the performance parameters of the microminiature microscope objective lens meet the following relation:
the relationship between the numerical aperture NA and the half angle of the maximum cone angle θ of the incident light is:
NA=n*sinθ
wherein NA represents a numerical aperture, n represents a refractive index of the working medium, and θ represents a half angle of a maximum cone angle of incident light;
the relationship between the half angle of the incident light maximum cone angle θ and the entrance pupil diameter EPD and the effective focal length EFL is:
tanθ=EPD/(2*EFL)
where θ represents the half angle of the maximum cone angle of the incident light, EPD represents the entrance pupil diameter, and EFL represents the effective focal length;
the relationship between imaging resolution δ and magnification Mag and field of view is:
δ=ρ2/(Mag*U)
where δ represents imaging resolution, ρ represents pixel size of the image sensor, mag represents magnification, and U represents unit length.
2. The subminiature objective according to claim 1, wherein the space is filled with air or liquid.
3. The subminiature objective according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the concave and convex surfaces of the first lens are aspherical surfaces and the concave and convex surfaces of the second lens are aspherical surfaces.
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