WO2021000190A1 - 一种天线振子单元、基站阵列天线及其装配方法 - Google Patents

一种天线振子单元、基站阵列天线及其装配方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021000190A1
WO2021000190A1 PCT/CN2019/094090 CN2019094090W WO2021000190A1 WO 2021000190 A1 WO2021000190 A1 WO 2021000190A1 CN 2019094090 W CN2019094090 W CN 2019094090W WO 2021000190 A1 WO2021000190 A1 WO 2021000190A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna element
element unit
coupling circuit
circuit board
insulating support
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/094090
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
褚庆臣
韩莉
岳月华
Original Assignee
瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司
瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司, 瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司 filed Critical 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2019/094090 priority Critical patent/WO2021000190A1/zh
Priority to CN201910591584.7A priority patent/CN110299608A/zh
Priority to US16/996,930 priority patent/US11108138B2/en
Publication of WO2021000190A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021000190A1/zh

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/1207—Supports; Mounting means for fastening a rigid aerial element
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0087—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing antenna arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H01Q21/065—Patch antenna array
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/045—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means
    • H01Q9/0457—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means electromagnetically coupled to the feed line

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of mobile communication technology, and in particular to an antenna element unit, a base station array antenna, and an assembly method of the antenna element unit.
  • Big data refers to the large amount of data, high data rate, and data service-oriented, providing support for the development of the mobile Internet; crowd connection is the access of a large number of IoT terminal users, providing the ability to connect everything; scene experience is to provide corresponding different scenarios High user experience.
  • crowd connection is the access of a large number of IoT terminal users, providing the ability to connect everything; scene experience is to provide corresponding different scenarios High user experience.
  • mobile communication data and IoT communication data have seen explosive growth of orders of magnitude.
  • the array antenna technology can greatly improve the processing capacity of the network system by arranging dozens or hundreds of antenna-scale antenna matrices at the base station. Therefore, as the mobile communication network is deployed in the direction of refined and deep-covered base station integration, the next-generation mobile communication technology 5G, which is about to be commercialized, is compared with the current 3G and 4G mobile communication technologies. It uses the application of large-scale array antennas. The frequency band is higher and the number of ports is more. Therefore, the communication system puts forward higher requirements for the miniaturization, light weight, and low cost of the antenna.
  • Existing base station antennas mostly use metal die-casting or sheet metal oscillators or integrated circuit oscillator antennas.
  • metal die-casting or sheet metal vibrators the die-casting antenna is too heavy.
  • integrated circuit dipole antennas the existing integrated circuit dipole antennas are complicated to assemble and produce, and the precision after assembly is not high, which is not suitable for automated production.
  • the current antenna oscillator unit has assembly errors due to its oscillator structure design, coupled with manufacturing precision errors, resulting in poor consistency of the antenna oscillator units produced.
  • the method of manufacturing antenna element units using new process plastic plating or LDS and other technologies because there is no systematic reliability verification method and the high cost, it is still not used in the 5G base station layout of equipment manufacturers.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide an assembly method for an antenna element unit, a base station array antenna, and an antenna element unit that has a variety of disposable fixed structures that are simple and efficient to assemble, have fewer feeder welding points, are suitable for automated production and have high assembly accuracy.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna element unit, including a radiating sheet, an insulating bracket, a plurality of coupling circuit sheets, and a feeder network circuit board.
  • the radiating sheet is provided with an elastic first fixing portion, and the insulating support
  • the bracket includes a frame body and a plurality of mounting parts arranged on the frame body, a second fixing part and a first assembly part, the second fixing part is arranged on the top of the frame body, and the first assembly part is arranged on the frame body
  • the coupling circuit is provided on one side of each coupling circuit piece, and each coupling circuit piece is fixed in the slide rail of the corresponding mounting portion so that the feeder pin at the bottom of the coupling circuit piece extends out of the mounting portion.
  • the first fixing portion In cooperation with the second fixing part, the radiator is mounted on the insulating support.
  • the feeder network circuit board includes a second assembling part and a feeder network. The second assembling part and the first assembling part are fixedly matched to the insulating support.
  • the bracket is installed to the feeder network circuit board, and the feeder network is electrically connected to the feeder pin to feed signals.
  • the frame body is an annular frame body
  • the plurality of mounting parts are evenly distributed along the circumference of the frame body
  • the top end of the frame body extends upwards with two pairs of top connecting pieces
  • the bottom end of the frame body extends downwards with two pairs of bottoms Connecting piece
  • the second fixing part is four bosses, each boss is respectively arranged on the corresponding top connecting piece
  • the first assembly part includes a first positioning post, a second positioning post, a first buckle and a second A buckle, the first positioning column and the second positioning column are arranged on a group of opposite bottom connecting pieces, and the first buckle and the second buckle are arranged on another group of opposite bottom connecting pieces.
  • the first fixing portion is provided with four bosses corresponding to each of the first fixing portions including a first rectangular spring corner and a second rectangular spring corner, each convex
  • the platform is inserted between the opposite first rectangular spring corner and the second rectangular spring corner, and the first rectangular spring corner and the second rectangular spring corner generate elastic deformation force and are clamped on the corresponding boss.
  • the first fixing portion is provided with four bosses corresponding to each one of the first fixing portions including a number of acute angle spring angles, and each boss is inserted into the several acute angle spring angles In between, the several acute angle spring angles produce elastic deformation force and are clamped on the corresponding boss.
  • the second assembly part includes a first positioning hole, a second positioning hole, a first slot, and a second slot provided on the feeder network circuit board.
  • the first positioning pillar Pre-positioned in the first positioning hole
  • the second positioning post is pre-positioned in the second positioning hole, pressing the insulating bracket, the first buckle can be fixedly connected in the first groove, and the second buckle is fixed Connected in the second card slot.
  • the coupling circuit sheet is a single-sided copper-clad PCB circuit board, including a base layer and a circuit layer, the coupling circuit is arranged on the circuit layer, and the coupling circuit sheet is provided with a fixing hole on the side close to the feeding pin;
  • the antenna element unit It includes four mounting parts, the sliding rail includes a first sliding rail and a second sliding rail, each mounting part includes a body, the first sliding rail and the second sliding rail are formed on both sides of the body, and the body has One side of the slide rail is provided with an oblique boss, and the other side is provided with a reinforcing rib.
  • Each coupled circuit board slides into the first slide rail and the second slide rail of the corresponding mounting part until the oblique boss slides into the fixing hole.
  • the plurality of coupling circuit pieces are set to four, and the feeder network circuit board is correspondingly provided with four polarized power dividing lines, and the polarization direction of the four polarized power dividing lines is + /-45 degrees, the connection ends of the four polarization power sub-circuits are respectively connected to the feed pins of the corresponding coupled circuit pieces by welding.
  • the insulating support is made by a plastic injection integral molding process
  • the radiating sheet is a square or circular metal sheet
  • the thickness of the radiating sheet is less than 0.2 mm.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a base station array antenna, including a feed network circuit board and a plurality of the aforementioned antenna element units welded on the feed network circuit board.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a method for assembling an antenna element unit, including the following steps:
  • the first fixing part of the radiating sheet is matched with the second fixing part of the top end of the insulating support, and the radiating sheet is mounted on the insulating support.
  • the beneficial effects of the implementation of the present application are: the antenna element unit, the base station array antenna, and the assembly method of the antenna element unit of this embodiment, the feed structure adopts the coupling circuit piece of the same structure of the small-size circuit board, so as to reduce each antenna element The weight of the unit.
  • the antenna element unit has a variety of disposable fixing structures.
  • the first fixing part of the radiating sheet can be assembled with the second fixing part on the top of the insulating bracket at one time.
  • the first fixing part can be rectangular or multi- A zigzag spring angle can be directly inserted into the second fixing part of the insulating bracket; for another example, the second assembling part of the feeder network circuit board and the first assembling part of the insulating bracket can be assembled in one operation
  • each coupling circuit piece is stably supported on the insulating support through the corresponding mounting part and is once again connected to the feeder network circuit board, so that the subsequent welding operation is effective It is better to ensure product stability; and the feeding solder joints are only used to connect the coupled circuit pieces, and the feeding solder joints are few.
  • a plurality of mounting parts are evenly distributed on the frame along the circumference of the frame to obtain better polarization performance.
  • the antenna element unit of this embodiment can be firmly pre-installed on the feed network circuit board through the first assembling part and the second assembling part, which is suitable for subsequent automated production and processing and has high assembly accuracy.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station array antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional exploded structure of an antenna element unit provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged structure of a coupling circuit sheet of an antenna element unit provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged structure of part A of the antenna element unit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the bottom end structure of the insulating support of the antenna element unit provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the radiating sheet of the antenna element unit provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a main flow chart of an assembling method of an antenna element unit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • This application relates to an antenna element unit, an array antenna using the antenna element unit, and an assembly method of the antenna element unit.
  • the array antenna is manufactured by welding several antenna element units 2 to the feed network circuit board 1. It is suitable for 5G large-scale array antenna.
  • each antenna element unit includes a radiating sheet 10, an insulating support 13 and a plurality of coupling circuit sheets.
  • the feeding structure adopts the coupling circuit piece of the same structure of the small-size circuit board to reduce the weight of each antenna element unit and improve the signal feed quality.
  • the installation of the radiating sheet 10 adopts a disposable elastic buckle method that is convenient to operate and is directly and efficiently inserted into the second fixing part of the insulating bracket 13, and the assembly is convenient and efficient.
  • the coupling circuit piece is first fixed in the slide rail of the installation part of the insulating bracket 13 and then welded to the feeder network circuit board 1, and the feeder welding point is only used to connect the coupling circuit piece, and there are few feeder welding points.
  • the mounting parts are evenly distributed on the frame along the circumferential direction of the frame to obtain better antenna polarization performance.
  • the antenna element unit is matched with the second assembling part provided on the feed network circuit board 1 through the first assembling part, which can quickly and firmly realize the pre-installation of the insulating bracket 13 at one time, so as to facilitate the subsequent welding and the production process of assembling the radiating sheet .
  • the antenna element unit of the array antenna is set as an insulating support 13 integrally formed by plastic injection molding, and a plurality of coupling circuit pieces are fixedly installed on the outer slide rail of the insulating support 13, and the polarization directions of the multiple coupling circuit pieces are set to ⁇ 45°, the feeder network circuit board 1 is provided with four polarization power sub-lines correspondingly, the polarization direction of the four polarization power sub-lines is +/-45 degrees, the connection of the four polarization power sub-lines
  • the terminals are respectively connected with the feed pins of the corresponding coupled circuit pieces by welding to ensure the characteristics of multi-polarization, multi-frequency band, high power capacity, and strong anti-interference ability of the antenna element unit.
  • This embodiment relates to a base station array antenna and an antenna element unit used in the base station array antenna.
  • the base station array antenna includes a feeder network circuit board 1 and a number of antenna element units 2 welded on the feeder network circuit board 1.
  • the feeder network circuit board 1 includes a feeder network 3.
  • the feeder network 3 is provided with four polarized power sub-lines for electrically connecting the coupling circuit pieces corresponding to each antenna element unit.
  • the two antenna element units are connected in parallel to the feeder network 3.
  • the antenna element unit 21 and the antenna element unit 22 are connected to the feed network 3 in parallel.
  • the antenna element unit 23 and the antenna element unit 24 are connected to the feed network 3 in parallel.
  • Each antenna element unit 2 includes a radiating sheet 12, an insulating support 13, a plurality of coupling circuit sheets, and a feed network circuit board 1.
  • there are four coupling circuit sheets including a first coupling circuit sheet 31, a second coupling circuit sheet 32, a third coupling circuit sheet 33, and a fourth coupling circuit sheet 34. The following description is based on the first coupling circuit sheet 31, and the other coupling circuit sheets have the same structure.
  • the insulating support 13 includes a frame body, a plurality of mounting parts, a second fixing part, and a first assembly part arranged on the frame body.
  • the second fixing part is arranged at the top end of the frame body
  • the first assembling part is arranged at the bottom end of the frame body.
  • there are four mounting parts including a first mounting part 14A, a second mounting part 14B, a third mounting part 14C, and a fourth mounting part 14D.
  • the first mounting part 14A will be introduced, and the structure of the other mounting parts is the same.
  • the frame of the insulating support 13 is a ring frame.
  • the multiple mounting portions are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the frame, and the top of the frame extends upwards with two pairs of top connecting pieces 131.
  • Two pairs of bottom connecting pieces extend downward from the bottom end of the frame, including a first pair of bottom connecting pieces 132 and a second pair of bottom connecting pieces 133.
  • the feeder network circuit board 1 is provided with a second assembly part matching the first assembly part corresponding to each antenna element unit 2.
  • the second assembling part includes a first positioning hole, a second positioning hole, a first card slot, and a second card slot provided on the feeder network circuit board 1.
  • the first positioning hole, the second positioning hole, the first card slot, and the second card slot are common structures in the mechanical structure field, so they are not marked in the drawings.
  • the coupling circuit is a single-sided copper-clad PCB circuit board, including a base layer and a circuit layer.
  • the coupling circuit sheet is provided with a fixing hole on the side close to the feeding pin.
  • the first coupling circuit sheet 31 includes a base layer 31 and a circuit layer, and the coupling circuit 311 is disposed on the circuit layer.
  • the first coupling circuit sheet 31 is provided with a feeding pin 312 at one end, and a fixing hole 313 is provided at the side close to the feeding pin 312.
  • the feeder network circuit board 1 is provided with four polarization power distribution lines corresponding to each antenna element unit.
  • the connection ends of the four polarization power dividing lines are respectively welded to the feeding pins 312 of the corresponding coupling circuit pieces to realize the feeding connection.
  • the polarization directions of the four polarization power dividing lines are +/-45 degrees.
  • the antenna element unit 2 includes a radiating sheet 12, an insulating support 13 and a plurality of coupling circuit sheets.
  • there are four coupling circuit sheets including a first coupling circuit sheet 31, a second coupling circuit sheet 32, a third coupling circuit sheet 33, and a fourth coupling circuit sheet 34. The following is an introduction based on the first coupling circuit piece 31.
  • the radiating sheet 12 is provided with an elastic first fixing portion.
  • the second fixing portion is four bosses, and each boss is respectively disposed on the corresponding top connecting piece 131.
  • boss 1311 For example, boss 1311.
  • the first assembling part includes a first positioning post 1321, a second positioning post 1322, a first buckle 1331, and a second buckle 1332.
  • the first and second positioning posts are arranged on an opposite set of bottom connecting pieces 132
  • the first buckle 1331 and the second buckle 1332 are arranged on the opposite bottom connecting piece 133.
  • Each coupling circuit piece is provided with a coupling circuit on one side thereof, and each coupling circuit piece is fixed in the corresponding sliding rail of the mounting portion and the feeder pin at the bottom end of the coupling circuit piece extends out of the mounting portion.
  • a coupling circuit 311 is provided on a single side of the first coupling circuit sheet 31, the first coupling circuit sheet 31 is fixed in the corresponding mounting portion 14A and the feeding pin 312 at the bottom end of the first coupling circuit sheet 31 extends out of the The first mounting part 14A.
  • the first fixing part cooperates with the second fixing part to mount the radiating sheet 12 on the insulating support 13.
  • the feeder network circuit board 1 includes a second assembling part and a feeder network 3, the second assembling part and the The first assembling part fixes and fits the insulating support 13 to the feeder network circuit board 1, and the feeder network 3 is electrically connected to the feeder pin to feed signals.
  • the first fixing portion is provided with four bosses corresponding to each of the first fixing portions including a first rectangular spring corner 121 and a second Rectangular bullet corner 122.
  • the first rectangular spring corner 121 and the second rectangular spring corner 122 are made by wire cutting or stamping technology.
  • the first rectangular elastic corner 121 includes a connecting end and an elastic free end, the connecting end is connected to the radiating sheet as a whole, and the elastic free end has a rectangular shape.
  • the second rectangular spring corner 122 has the same structure as the first rectangular spring corner, and the difference is that the direction of the elastic free end of the second rectangular spring corner 122 is opposite to that of the first rectangular spring corner 121.
  • Each boss is inserted between the opposite first rectangular spring corner 121 and the second rectangular spring corner 122.
  • the first rectangular spring corner 121 and the second rectangular spring corner 122 generate elastic deformation force and are clamped to the corresponding convex corner in the opposite direction.
  • the radiating sheet 12 and the insulating support 13 utilize the rectangular spring corners on the radiating sheet sheet and the boss of the insulating support 13 to lock the radiation sheet 12 to achieve the fixation.
  • each first fixing part includes a number of acute angles 125.
  • the sharp angles are formed on the radiating sheet 12B by using a Pozi-shaped wire cutting or punching process, and the slots are cut in the center.
  • the eight free ends of the eight pieces of acute angled elastic corners are formed, and the free ends of the eight pieces of acute angled elastic corners are arranged around the central slot. When assembled, the eight pieces of acute angled elastic corners can produce eight uniformly around the boss of the insulating support 13 The distributed focus points make the assembly of the radiator and the insulating support more stable.
  • Each boss is inserted between the several acute-angled elastic corners 125, and the several acute-angled elastic corners 125 generate elastic deformation force and are clamped on the corresponding boss.
  • the radiating sheet 12B and the insulating support 13 utilize the acute angle 125 on the radiating sheet sheet to be locked with the boss of the insulating support 13 to realize the fixing of the radiating sheet 12B.
  • the first positioning post 1321 is pre-positioned in the first positioning hole
  • the second positioning post 1322 is pre-positioned in the second positioning hole. Press the insulating support 13 to buckle the first buckle 1331. It is fixedly connected in the first slot, and the second buckle 1332 is fixedly connected in the second slot.
  • the sliding rail formed at each mounting part includes a first sliding rail 141 and a second sliding rail 142.
  • the first mounting portion 14A includes a body, and the first sliding rail 141 and the second sliding rail 142 are formed on both sides of the body.
  • the main body is provided with an inclined boss 143 on one side with a sliding rail, and a reinforcing rib is provided on the other side.
  • the second installation portion 14B is provided with a second reinforcement rib
  • the third installation portion 14C is provided with a third reinforcement rib 15C
  • the fourth installation portion 14D is provided with a fourth reinforcement rib 15D.
  • a guiding inclined surface 1431 is formed on the inclined boss 143, and the guiding inclined surface 1431 can facilitate the corresponding coupling circuit piece to slide into the fixing hole 313 smoothly and quickly.
  • the first coupling circuit board 31 slides into the first sliding rail 141 and the second sliding rail 142 corresponding to the first mounting portion 14A until the inclined boss 143 slides into the fixing hole 313.
  • the plurality of coupling circuit pieces are set to four, and the feeder network circuit board 1 is correspondingly provided with four polarized power dividing lines, and the polarization directions of the four polarized power dividing lines are +/-45 degrees, the connection ends of the four polarization power sub-circuits are respectively connected to the feed pins of the corresponding coupling circuit pieces by welding.
  • the insulating support 13 is made by a plastic injection integral molding process.
  • the radiation sheet 12 and the radiation sheet 12B are square or circular metal sheets.
  • the radiation sheet 12 and the radiation The thickness of the sheet 12B is less than 0.2 mm.
  • the feed pins of the four coupled circuit pieces are respectively welded to the connection ends of the four polarization power sub-circuits with polarization directions of +/-45 degrees on the feed network circuit board 1 to realize the feed connection.
  • the radiating sheet 12 and several rectangular or acute-angled spring corners of the radiating sheet 12B are inserted into the four bosses on the top of the insulating support 13 to complete the assembly of an antenna element unit 2.
  • FIG. 7 shows a flowchart of the method for assembling the antenna element unit of this embodiment.
  • the assembly method of the antenna element unit mainly includes the following steps:
  • Step 101 Slide a plurality of coupled circuit boards into the corresponding mounting part of the insulating support 13 along the slide rail and fasten it on the corresponding mounting part, and at the same time make the feed pin at the bottom of each coupled circuit stick out of the corresponding mounting part.
  • the slide rail includes a first slide rail and a second slide rail, and both sides of each coupled circuit piece slide into the corresponding mounting part under the guidance of the first slide rail and the second slide rail;
  • Step 102 Install the insulating support 13 to the feeder network circuit board 1 through a fixed fit between the first assembling part of the feeder network circuit board 1 and the second assembling part at the bottom end of the insulating support;
  • Step 103 Weld and connect the coupling lines of the multiple coupling circuit pieces and the feeder network 3 of the feeder network circuit board 1 through the feeder pins to feed signals;
  • Step 104 Install the radiating sheet on the insulating support 13 through the cooperation of the first fixing part of the radiating sheet and the second fixing part on the top end of the insulating support 13.
  • the radiation sheet may be the radiation sheet 12 shown in FIG. 2 or the radiation sheet 12B shown in FIG. 6 may also be used.
  • the feed structure adopts the coupling circuit piece of the same structure of the small-sized circuit board to reduce the weight of each antenna element unit.
  • the antenna element unit 2 has a variety of disposable fixing structures.
  • the first fixing part of the radiating sheet can be assembled with the second fixing part on the top of the insulating support 13 at one time.
  • the first fixing part can be rectangular.
  • multiple zigzag spring angles can be directly plugged into the second fixing part of the insulating support 13; for another example, the second assembly part of the feeder network circuit board 1 and the first assembly part of the insulating support 13 are also operated in one operation
  • the assembled one-time fixed structure can be completed, and the assembly is simple to improve the assembly efficiency of the antenna element unit.
  • each coupling circuit piece is stably supported on the insulating support 13 through the corresponding mounting portion and is operatively connected to the feed network circuit board 1 again, so that subsequent welding
  • the work effect is better to ensure the stability of the product; and the feeding solder joints are only used to connect the coupled circuit pieces, and the feeding solder joints are few.
  • a plurality of mounting parts are evenly distributed on the frame along the circumference of the frame to obtain better polarization performance.
  • the antenna element unit of this embodiment can be firmly pre-installed on the feed network circuit board 1 through the first assembling part and the second assembling part, and is suitable for automated production and processing with high subsequent assembly precision.
  • the antenna element unit 2 suitable for making 5G large-scale array antennas.
  • the radiating sheet 10 in the antenna element unit 2 is made of stainless steel sheet
  • the insulating bracket 13 is made of engineering plastics
  • the coupling circuit sheet is made of small-size metal sheet .
  • the overall design can reduce the weight of the antenna element unit and reduce the antenna manufacturing cost.
  • the multiple parts between the antenna element unit and the feeder network circuit board 1 of this embodiment are all one-time operation structures, and there are only four necessary feeder solder joints, fewer solder joints, easy automated production and assembly, and assembly errors Small size, good antenna performance consistency; the entire antenna element unit is light in weight, low in cost, and highly automated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
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Abstract

本申请提供一种天线振子单元、基站阵列天线以及天线振子单元的装配方法。该天线振子单元，包括一辐射片、一绝缘支架、多个耦合线路片以及馈电网络线路板，该辐射片上设置弹性的第一固定部，该绝缘支架包括架体以及设置在该架体上的多个安装部、第二固定部以及第一组装部，该第二固定部设于该架体的顶端，该第一组装部设于该架体的底端，每一耦合线路片的单侧设置耦合线路，每一耦合线路片固定在对应的安装部滑轨中并使耦合线路片底端的馈电脚伸出安装部，该第一固定部与该第二固定部配合将该辐射片安装至该绝缘支架上。本申请的天线振子单元、基站阵列天线以及装配方法具有多种一次性固定结构装配简单高效，馈电焊接点少，适于自动化生产。

Description

一种天线振子单元、基站阵列天线及其装配方法 技术领域
本申请涉及移动通信技术领域，具体涉及一种天线振子单元、基站阵列天线以及天线振子单元的装配方法。
 背景技术
随着人们对高传输速率和高稳定性的通信质量要求，移动通信技术的不断发展，刚普及的第四代(4G)通信已不能完全满足人们对大吞吐数据量的需求，第五代(5G)通信逐渐成为通信行业的研究热点。
5G最重要的特点就是大数据、众连接和场景体验。大数据，就是数据量大、数据速率高、数据服务为主，为移动互联网的发展提供支持；众连接就是大量的物联网终端用户接入，提供连接一切的能力；场景体验就是提供对应不同场景的高用户体验。应用时，移动通信数据及物联网通信数据出现数量级爆炸性的增长。
作为5G关键技术之一的阵列天线技术，通过在基站端布置几十上百个天线规模的天线矩阵，可大大提升网络系统处理能力。因此，随着移动通信网络向精细化、深度覆盖基站一体化方向布局，目前即将推向商用的下一代移动通信技术5G相比目前的3G、4G移动通信技术，其采用大规模阵列天线的应用频段更高、端口数更多，因此通信系统对天线的小型化、轻量化、低成本化等提出了更高的要求。
现有的基站天线多采用金属压铸或者钣金振子或者集成电路振子天线。采用金属压铸或者钣金振子时，压铸天线重量太大。采用集成电路振子天线时，现有的集成电路振子天线组装生产复杂，组装后的精度不高，不适于自动化生产，并且，馈电焊接点多达十几个，使得天线振子单元之间的一致性较差。
 技术问题
目前的天线振子单元因为其振子结构设计本身存在装配误差，再加上制造精度误差造成生产的天线振子单元的一致性差。而在采用新工艺塑料电镀或者LDS等技术制作天线振子单元的方式中，由于没有系统性的可靠性验证方法以及成本较高，因此在设备商的5G基站布局中仍然没有被采用。
因此，现有的天线振子单元设计还有待于改进。
 技术解决方案
本申请实施方式提供一种具有多种一次性固定结构装配简单高效，馈电焊接点少，适于自动化生产并且组装精度高的天线振子单元、基站阵列天线以及天线振子单元的装配方法。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种天线振子单元，包括一辐射片、一绝缘支架、多个耦合线路片以及馈电网络线路板，该辐射片上设置弹性的第一固定部，该绝缘支架包括架体以及设置在该架体上的多个安装部、第二固定部以及第一组装部，该第二固定部设于该架体的顶端，该第一组装部设于该架体的底端，每一耦合线路片的单侧设置耦合线路，每一耦合线路片固定在对应的安装部滑轨中并使耦合线路片底端的馈电脚伸出安装部，该第一固定部与该第二固定部配合将该辐射片安装至该绝缘支架上，该馈电网络线路板包括第二组装部和馈电网络，该第二组装部与该第一组装部固定配合将该绝缘支架安装至该馈电网络线路板，该馈电网络与该馈电脚电连接以馈送信号。
具体实施时，该架体为环形架体，该多个安装部沿该架体的周向均匀分布，该架体顶端向上延伸两对顶部连接片，该架体底端向下延伸两对底部连接片，该第二固定部为四个凸台，每一凸台分别设置在对应的顶部连接片上；该第一组装部包括第一定位柱、第二定位柱、第一卡扣以及第二卡扣，该第一定位柱和第二定位柱设置在相对的一组底部连接片上，该第一卡扣和第二卡扣设置在相对的另一组底部连接片上。
在辐射片与绝缘支架连接的第一实施例中，该第一固定部对应该凸台设置为四个，每一第一固定部包括第一矩形弹角以及第二矩形弹角，每一凸台插入相对的第一矩形弹角以及第二矩形弹角之间，该第一矩形弹角以及第二矩形弹角产生弹性变形力并卡固在对应的凸台上。
在辐射片与绝缘支架连接的第二实施例中，该第一固定部对应该凸台设置为四个，每一第一固定部包括若干锐角弹角，每一凸台插入该若干锐角弹角之间，该若干锐角弹角产生弹性变形力并卡固在对应的凸台上。
关于绝缘支架的组装结构，该第二组装部包括设置在该馈电网络线路板的第一定位孔、第二定位孔、第一卡槽以及第二卡槽，组装时，该第一定位柱预先定位在第一定位孔，该第二定位柱预先定位在第二定位孔，按压该绝缘支架，即可将该第一卡扣固定连接在该第一卡槽内，该第二卡扣固定连接在该第二卡槽内。
其中，该耦合线路片为单面覆铜PCB线路板，包括基层以及线路层，该耦合线路设置在该线路层，该耦合线路片在靠近该馈电脚一侧设置固定孔；该天线振子单元包括四个安装部，所述滑轨包括第一滑轨以及第二滑轨，每一安装部包括本体，所述第一滑轨以及第二滑轨形成在该本体两侧，该本体在具有滑轨的一侧设置斜凸台，另一侧设置加强筋，每一耦合线路板片滑入对应安装部的第一滑轨和第二滑轨，直到该斜凸台滑入该固定孔。
在馈电网络的连接中，该多个耦合线路片设置为四个，该馈电网络线路板上对应设置四个极化功分线路，该四个极化功分线路的极化方向为+/-45度，该四个极化功分线路的连接端分别与对应耦合线路片的馈电脚通过焊接方式连接。
优选地，该绝缘支架由塑料注塑一体成型工艺制作，该辐射片为方形或者圆形的金属薄片，该辐射片的厚度小于0.2毫米。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种基站阵列天线，包括馈电网络线路板以及焊接在该馈电网络线路板上的若干前述天线振子单元。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供了一种天线振子单元的装配方法，包括以下步骤：
将多个耦合线路板片沿滑轨滑入绝缘支架对应的安装部并扣紧在对应安装部上，同时使每一耦合线路片底端的馈电脚伸出对应安装部；
通过馈电网络线路板的第一组装部与绝该缘支架底端的第二组装部固定配合，将该绝缘支架安装至该馈电网络线路板；
将多个耦合线路片的耦合线路与和馈电网络线路板的馈电网络通过该馈电脚焊接连接以馈送信号；
通过辐射片的第一固定部与绝缘支架顶端的第二固定部配合，将该辐射片安装至该绝缘支架上。
 有益效果
本申请实施方式的有益效果是：本实施例的天线振子单元、基站阵列天线以及天线振子单元的装配方法，馈电结构采用构造相同的小尺寸线路板的耦合线路片，以减少每个天线振子单元的重量。并且，天线振子单元具有多种一次性固定结构，比如，辐射片的第一固定部可一次性与绝缘支架顶部的第二固定部组装，具体实施时，该第一固定部可为矩形或者多个锯齿弹角，与绝缘支架的第二固定部直接插接即可；又如，该馈电网络线路板的第二组装部与该绝缘支架的第一组装部也是一次操作即可完成组装的一次性固定结构，装配简单以提高天线振子单元的组装效率。
本实施例的天线振子单元、基站阵列天线以及天线振子单元的装配方法，各个耦合线路片通过对应的安装部稳定支撑在绝缘支架上再一次操作连接至馈电网络线路板，使得后续焊接作业效果更好以保证产品稳定性；并且馈电焊接点仅用于连接耦合线路片，馈电焊接点少。本实施例的天线振子单元、基站阵列天线以及天线振子单元的装配方法，多个安装部沿该架体的周向均匀分布在该架体上以获得更好极化性能。本实施例的天线振子单元通过第一组装部配合第二组装部可稳固地预安装在馈电网络线路板上，适于后续自动化生产加工，组装精度较高。
 附图说明
一个或多个实施例通过与之对应的附图中的图片进行示例性说明，这些示例性说明并不构成对实施例的限定，附图中具有相同参考数字标号的元件表示为类似的元件，除非有特别申明，附图中的图不构成比例限制。
图1是本申请实施例提供的基站阵列天线的结构示意图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的天线振子单元的立体分解结构示意图；
图3是本申请实施例提供的天线振子单元的耦合线路片的放大结构示意图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的天线振子单元的A部分的放大结构示意图；
图5是本申请实施例提供的天线振子单元的绝缘支架的底端结构示意图；
图6是本申请实施例提供的天线振子单元的辐射片的第二实施例的结构示意图；以及
图7是本申请实施例提供的天线振子单元的装配方法的主要流程图。
 本发明的实施方式
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本申请进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本申请，并不用于限定本申请。
需要说明，若本申请实施例中有涉及方向性指示（诸如上、下、左、右、前、后……），则该方向性指示仅用于解释在某一特定姿态（如附图所示）下各部件之间的相对位置关系、运动情况等，如果该特定姿态发生改变时，则该方向性指示也相应地随之改变。
另外，若本申请实施例中有涉及“第一”、“第二”等的描述，则该“第一”、“第二”等的描述仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示其相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。另外，各个实施例之间的技术方案可以相互结合，但是必须是以本领域普通技术人员能够实现为基础，当技术方案的结合出现相互矛盾或无法实现时应当认为这种技术方案的结合不存在，也不在本申请要求的保护范围之内。
请参考图1以及图2，本申请涉及天线振子单元、使用该天线振子单元的阵列天线以及天线振子单元的装配方法，该阵列天线由若干天线振子单元2焊接至馈电网络线路板1上制成，适用于5G大规模阵列天线。
总的来说，每一天线振子单元包括辐射片10、绝缘支架13以及多个耦合线路片。本申请的天线振子单元、基站阵列天线以及天线振子单元的装配方法，馈电结构采用构造相同的小尺寸线路板的耦合线路片，以减少每个天线振子单元的重量提高信号馈送质量。
辐射片10的安装采用操作方便的一次性弹性卡扣方式与绝缘支架13的第二固定部直接高效插接，组装方便效率高。耦合线路片先固定在绝缘支架13的安装部的滑轨内再焊接至馈电网络线路板1，并且馈电焊接点仅用于连接耦合线路片，馈电焊接点少。该安装部沿该架体的周向均匀分布在该架体上以获得更好的天线极化性能。该天线振子单元通过第一组装部配合设置在该馈电网络线路板1上的第二组装部可一次性快速稳固地实现绝缘支架13的预安装，以利于后续焊接以及组装辐射片的生产工序。
该阵列天线的天线振子单元设置为塑料注塑一体成型的绝缘支架13，并在该绝缘支架13的外侧滑轨上固定安装多个耦合线路片，该多个耦合线路片的极化方向设置为±45°，该馈电网络线路板1上对应设置四个极化功分线路，该四个极化功分线路的极化方向为+/-45度，该四个极化功分线路的连接端分别与对应耦合线路片的馈电脚通过焊接方式连接，以保证了天线振子单元的多极化、多频段、高功率容量、组阵抗干扰能力强的特征。
实施例1
请参考图1，本实施例涉及基站阵列天线以及该基站阵列天线所使用的天线振子单元。
如图1所示，该基站阵列天线包括馈电网络线路板1以及焊接在该馈电网络线路板1上的若干天线振子单元2。比如图1所示的天线振子单元21、天线振子单元22、天线振子单元23以及天线振子单元24。该馈电网络线路板1包括馈电网络3。该馈电网络3对应每一天线振子单元设置用于电气连接耦合线路片的四个极化功分线路，在天线集成时，两个天线振子单元的并接在该馈电网络3上。如图1所示，比如天线振子单元21和天线振子单元22并联连接至该馈电网络3。天线振子单元23和天线振子单元24并联连接至该馈电网络3。
请一并参考图2以及图5，每一天线振子单元2包括一辐射片12、一绝缘支架13、多个耦合线路片以及馈电网络线路板1。本实施例中为四个耦合线路片包括第一耦合线路片31、第二耦合线路片32、第三耦合线路片33以及第四耦合线路片34。以下基于第一耦合线路片31进行介绍，其它耦合线路片结构相同。
该绝缘支架13包括架体以及设置在该架体上的多个安装部、第二固定部以及第一组装部。该第二固定部设于该架体的顶端，该第一组装部设于该架体的底端。本实施例中，该多个安装部为四个，包括第一安装部14A、第二安装部14B、第三安装部14C以及第四安装部14D。以下以第一安装部14A进行介绍，其它安装部的结构相同。
该绝缘支架13的架体为环形架体。该多个安装部沿该架体的周向均匀分布，该架体顶端向上延伸两对顶部连接片131。该架体底端向下延伸两对底部连接片，包括第一对底部连接片132以及第二对底部连接片133。
该馈电网络线路板1对应每一天线振子单元2设置与该第一组装部配合的第二组装部。该第二组装部包括设置在该馈电网络线路板1的第一定位孔、第二定位孔、第一卡槽以及第二卡槽。该第一定位孔、第二定位孔、第一卡槽以及第二卡槽属于机械结构领域的常见结构，因此未标注在附图中。
如图3所示，本实施例中，为了减少每个天线振子单元2的重量提高信号馈送质量，该耦合线路片为单面覆铜PCB线路板，包括基层以及线路层，该耦合线路设置在该线路层，该耦合线路片在靠近该馈电脚一侧设置固定孔。比如，第一耦合线路片31包括基层31以及线路层，该耦合线路311设置在该线路层。该第一耦合线路片31在一端设置馈电脚312，并在靠近该馈电脚312一侧设置固定孔313。
该馈电网络线路板1对应每个天线振子单元设置四个极化功分线路。该四个极化功分线路的连接端分别与对应耦合线路片的馈电脚312焊接以实现馈电连接。本实施例中，该四个极化功分线路的极化方向为+/-45度。
请一并参考图5，以下介绍该天线振子单元的结构：
该天线振子单元2包括一辐射片12、一绝缘支架13以及多个耦合线路片。本实施例中为四个耦合线路片包括第一耦合线路片31、第二耦合线路片32、第三耦合线路片33以及第四耦合线路片34。以下基于第一耦合线路片31进行介绍。
该辐射片12上设置弹性的第一固定部。
该第二固定部为四个凸台，每一凸台分别设置在对应的顶部连接片131上。比如凸台1311。
该第一组装部包括第一定位柱1321、第二定位柱1322、第一卡扣1331以及第二卡扣1332，该第一定位柱和第二定位柱设置在相对的一组底部连接片132上，该第一卡扣1331和第二卡扣1332设置在相对的另一组底部连接片133上。
每一耦合线路片的单侧设置耦合线路，每一耦合线路片固定在对应的安装部滑轨中并使耦合线路片底端的馈电脚伸出安装部。比如，该第一耦合线路片31的单侧设置耦合线路311，该第一耦合线路片31固定在对应的安装部14A中并使该第一耦合线路片31底端的馈电脚312伸出该第一安装部14A。
该第一固定部与该第二固定部配合将该辐射片12安装至该绝缘支架13上，该馈电网络线路板1包括第二组装部和馈电网络3，该第二组装部与该第一组装部固定配合将该绝缘支架13安装至该馈电网络线路板1，该馈电网络3与该馈电脚电连接以馈送信号。
如图2所示，在辐射片与绝缘支架连接的第一实施例中，该第一固定部对应该凸台设置为四个，每一第一固定部包括第一矩形弹角121以及第二矩形弹角122。该第一矩形弹角121以及第二矩形弹角122采用线切割或者冲压工艺制作。该第一矩形弹角121包括连接端以及弹性自由端，该连接端与辐射片连为一体，该弹性自由端为矩形外形。该第二矩形弹角122与第一矩形弹角结构相同，不同之处在该第二矩形弹角122的弹性自由端与该第一矩形弹角121的弹性自由端的方向相反。每一凸台插入相对的第一矩形弹角121以及第二矩形弹角122之间，该第一矩形弹角121以及第二矩形弹角122产生弹性变形力并反向卡固在对应的凸台上。该辐射片12与绝缘支架13利用辐射片薄片上的矩形弹角与绝缘支架13的凸台卡位实现辐射片12的固定。
如图6所示，在辐射片与绝缘支架13连接的第二实施例中，该第一固定部对应该凸台设置为四个，每一第一固定部包括若干锐角弹角125。本实施例中，该若干锐角弹角为在该辐射片12B上采用米字形线切割或者冲压工艺制作而成，并在中心切割形成插槽。形成八片自由端呈锐角的弹角，该八片锐角弹角的自由端围绕中心的插槽排布，在组装时，该八片锐角弹角可围绕绝缘支架13的凸台产生八个均匀分布的着力点，使得辐射片与绝缘支架的组装更稳定。每一凸台插入该若干锐角弹角125之间，该若干锐角弹角125产生弹性变形力并卡固在对应的凸台上。该辐射片12B与绝缘支架13利用辐射片薄片上的锐角弹角125与绝缘支架13的凸台卡位实现辐射片12B的固定。
该绝缘支架在组装时，该第一定位柱1321预先定位在第一定位孔，该第二定位柱1322预先定位在第二定位孔，按压该绝缘支架13，即可将该第一卡扣1331固定连接在该第一卡槽内，该第二卡扣1332固定连接在该第二卡槽内。
形成于每一安装部的滑轨包括第一滑轨141以及第二滑轨142。
请一并参考图4所示局部放大图，该第一安装部14A包括本体，该第一滑轨141以及第二滑轨142形成在该本体的两侧。该本体在具有滑轨的一侧设置斜凸台143，另一侧设置加强筋。同理，该第二安装部14B设置第二加强筋，该第三安装部14C设置第三加强筋15C，该第四安装部14D设置第四加强筋15D。
本实施例中，该斜凸台143上形成引导斜面1431，该引导斜面1431可利于对应的耦合线路片顺利和快速地滑入该固定孔313中。
该第一耦合线路板片31滑入对应第一安装部14A的第一滑轨141和第二滑轨142，直到该斜凸台143滑入该固定孔313。
在馈电网络的连接中，该多个耦合线路片设置为四个，该馈电网络线路板1上对应设置四个极化功分线路，该四个极化功分线路的极化方向为+/-45度，该四个极化功分线路的连接端分别与对应耦合线路片的馈电脚通过焊接方式连接。
本实施例中，为了增加支架结构强度同时简化组装工序，该绝缘支架13由塑料注塑一体成型工艺制作，该辐射片12以及辐射片12B为方形或者圆形的金属薄片，该辐射片12以及辐射片12B的厚度小于0.2毫米。
生产组装时，将四个耦合线路片分别滑入对应安装部的第一滑轨141和第二滑轨142，直到对应的斜凸台143滑入固定孔中，并使耦合线路片底端的馈电脚伸出安装部。然后将绝缘支架13直接插入馈电网络线路板1上，绝缘支架13底端的第一定位柱1321、第二定位柱1322与馈电网络线路板1的第一定位孔、第二定位孔配合实现该绝缘支架13的预固定。用力按压该绝缘支架13，使得该绝缘支架13底部的第一卡扣1331以及第二卡扣1332固定连接在该馈电网络线路板1上的第一卡槽以及第二卡槽内。接着，分别将四个耦合线路片的馈电脚与馈电网络线路板1上四个极化方向为+/-45度的极化功分线路的连接端焊接在一起以实现馈电连接。最后将该辐射片12以及辐射片12B的若干矩形弹角或者锐角弹角插入绝缘支架13顶部的四个凸台上，从而完成一个天线振子单元2的组装。
实施例2
请参考图7，所示为本实施例的天线振子单元的装配方法的流程图。
该天线振子单元的装配方法，主要包括以下步骤：
步骤101：将多个耦合线路板片沿滑轨滑入绝缘支架13对应的安装部并扣紧在对应安装部上，同时使每一耦合线路片底端的馈电脚伸出对应安装部，该滑轨包括第一滑轨以及第二滑轨，每一耦合线路片的两侧在第一滑轨与第二滑轨的引导下滑入对应的安装部；
步骤102：通过馈电网络线路板1的第一组装部与绝该缘支架底端的第二组装部固定配合，将该绝缘支架13安装至该馈电网络线路板1；
步骤103：将多个耦合线路片的耦合线路与和馈电网络线路板1的馈电网络3通过该馈电脚焊接连接以馈送信号；
步骤104：通过辐射片的第一固定部与绝缘支架13顶端的第二固定部配合，将该辐射片安装至该绝缘支架13上。
本实施例中，该辐射片可以图2所示的辐射片12或者也可以采用图6所示的辐射片12B。
本实施例的天线振子单元、基站阵列天线以及天线振子单元的装配方法，馈电结构采用构造相同的小尺寸线路板的耦合线路片，以减少每个天线振子单元的重量。并且，天线振子单元2具有多种一次性固定结构，比如，辐射片的第一固定部可一次性与绝缘支架13顶部的第二固定部组装，具体实施时，该第一固定部可为矩形或者多个锯齿弹角，与绝缘支架13的第二固定部直接插接即可；又如，该馈电网络线路板1的第二组装部与该绝缘支架13的第一组装部也是一次操作即可完成组装的一次性固定结构，装配简单以提高天线振子单元的组装效率。
本实施例的天线振子单元、基站阵列天线以及天线振子单元的装配方法，各个耦合线路片通过对应的安装部稳定支撑在绝缘支架13上再一次操作连接至馈电网络线路板1，使得后续焊接作业效果更好以保证产品稳定性；并且馈电焊接点仅用于连接耦合线路片，馈电焊接点少。本实施例的天线振子单元、基站阵列天线以及天线振子单元的装配方法，多个安装部沿该架体的周向均匀分布在该架体上以获得更好极化性能。本实施例的天线振子单元通过第一组装部配合第二组装部可稳固地预安装在馈电网络线路板1上，适于后续组装精度较高的自动化生产加工，实践中，该天线振子单元2适用于制作5G大规模阵列天线。
另外，本实施例的天线振子单元、基站阵列天线以及天线振子单元的装配方法，天线振子单元2中的辐射片10采用不锈钢薄板，该绝缘支架13为工程塑料，耦合线路片为小尺寸金属薄片，总体设计可减轻天线振子单元的重量以及降低天线制作成本。此外，本实施例的天线振子单元以及馈电网络线路板1之间的多个零件均为一次性操作结构，而且仅有四处必须的馈电焊点，焊点少，易于自动化生产组装，装配误差小，天线性能一致性好；整个天线振子单元重量轻，成本低，自动化程度高。
以上所述仅为本申请的实施方式，并非因此限制本申请的专利范围，凡是利用本申请说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本申请的专利保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种天线振子单元，其特征在于，包括一辐射片、一绝缘支架、多个耦合线路片以及馈电网络线路板，所述辐射片上设置弹性的第一固定部，所述绝缘支架包括架体以及设置在所述架体上的多个安装部、第二固定部以及第一组装部，所述第二固定部设于所述架体的顶端，所述第一组装部设于所述架体的底端，每一耦合线路片的单侧设置耦合线路，每一耦合线路片固定在对应的安装部滑轨中并使耦合线路片底端的馈电脚伸出安装部，所述第一固定部与所述第二固定部配合将所述辐射片安装至所述绝缘支架上，所述馈电网络线路板包括第二组装部和馈电网络，所述第二组装部与所述第一组装部固定配合将所述绝缘支架安装至所述馈电网络线路板，所述馈电网络与所述馈电脚电连接以馈送信号。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的天线振子单元，其特征在于，所述架体为环形架体，所述多个安装部沿所述架体的周向均匀分布，所述架体顶端向上延伸两对顶部连接片，所述架体底端向下延伸两对底部连接片，所述第二固定部为四个凸台，每一凸台分别设置在对应的顶部连接片上；所述第一组装部包括第一定位柱、第二定位柱、第一卡扣以及第二卡扣，所述第一定位柱和第二定位柱设置在相对的一组底部连接片上，所述第一卡扣和第二卡扣设置在相对的另一组底部连接片上。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的天线振子单元，其特征在于，所述第一固定部对应所述凸台设置为四个，每一第一固定部包括第一矩形弹角以及第二矩形弹角，每一凸台插入相对的第一矩形弹角以及第二矩形弹角之间，所述第一矩形弹角以及第二矩形弹角产生弹性变形力并卡固在对应的凸台上。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的天线振子单元，其特征在于，所述第一固定部对应所述凸台设置为四个，每一第一固定部包括若干锐角弹角，每一凸台插入所述若干锐角弹角之间，所述若干锐角弹角产生弹性变形力并卡固在对应的凸台上。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的天线振子单元，其特征在于，所述第二组装部包括设置在所述馈电网络线路板的第一定位孔、第二定位孔、第一卡槽以及第二卡槽，组装时，所述第一定位柱预先定位在第一定位孔，所述第二定位柱预先定位在第二定位孔，按压所述绝缘支架，即可将所述第一卡扣固定连接在所述第一卡槽内，所述第二卡扣固定连接在所述第二卡槽内。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的天线振子单元，其特征在于，所述耦合线路片为单面覆铜PCB线路板，包括基层以及线路层，所述耦合线路设置在所述线路层，所述耦合线路片在靠近所述馈电脚一侧设置固定孔；所述天线振子单元包括四个安装部，所述滑轨包括第一滑轨以及第二滑轨，每一安装部包括本体，所述第一滑轨以及第二滑轨形成在所述本体两侧，所述本体在具有滑轨的一侧设置斜凸台，另一侧设置加强筋，每一耦合线路板片滑入对应安装部的第一滑轨和第二滑轨，直到所述斜凸台滑入所述固定孔。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的天线振子单元，其特征在于，所述多个耦合线路片设置为四个，所述馈电网络线路板上对应设置四个极化功分线路，所述四个极化功分线路的极化方向为+/-45度，所述四个极化功分线路的连接端分别与对应耦合线路片的馈电脚通过焊接方式连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的天线振子单元，其特征在于，所述绝缘支架由塑料注塑一体成型工艺制作，所述辐射片为方形或者圆形的金属薄片，所述辐射片的厚度小于0.2毫米。
  9. 一种基站阵列天线，其特征在于，包括馈电网络线路板以及焊接在所述馈电网络线路板上的如权利要求1-8任意一项所述的若干天线振子单元。
  10. 一种天线振子单元的装配方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    将多个耦合线路板片沿滑轨滑入绝缘支架对应的安装部并扣紧在对应安装部上，同时使每一耦合线路片底端的馈电脚伸出对应安装部；
    通过馈电网络线路板的第一组装部与所述绝缘支架底端的第二组装部固定配合，将所述绝缘支架安装至所述馈电网络线路板；
    将多个耦合线路片的耦合线路与和馈电网络线路板的馈电网络通过所述馈电脚焊接连接以馈送信号；
    通过辐射片的第一固定部与绝缘支架顶端的第二固定部配合，将所述辐射片安装至所述绝缘支架上。
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