WO2021000090A1 - 振动电机 - Google Patents

振动电机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021000090A1
WO2021000090A1 PCT/CN2019/093986 CN2019093986W WO2021000090A1 WO 2021000090 A1 WO2021000090 A1 WO 2021000090A1 CN 2019093986 W CN2019093986 W CN 2019093986W WO 2021000090 A1 WO2021000090 A1 WO 2021000090A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
magnetic
magnet
conductive plate
magnetic conductive
magnetic steel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/093986
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
毛路斌
张子洁
陈召宪
Original Assignee
瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司
瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司, 瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司 filed Critical 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2019/093986 priority Critical patent/WO2021000090A1/zh
Priority to CN201921022936.9U priority patent/CN210167934U/zh
Publication of WO2021000090A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021000090A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K33/00—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K33/00—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system
    • H02K33/02—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system with armatures moved one way by energisation of a single coil system and returned by mechanical force, e.g. by springs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K33/00—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system
    • H02K33/12—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system with armatures moving in alternate directions by alternate energisation of two coil systems

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of vibration motors, and in particular to a vibration motor.
  • a vibration motor is a component that uses the principle of electromagnetic force to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy.
  • the vibration motor is usually installed in a portable mobile device to generate vibration feedback, such as the vibration of a mobile phone or a game console.
  • the vibration motor usually only provides the driving force through the Lorentz force generated by the interaction between the coil and the magnetic field of the magnet to drive the vibrator to reciprocate.
  • the driving force of the above-mentioned vibration motor is relatively small, so the response time of vibration is relatively long. long.
  • the vibration motor usually only provides the driving force through the Lorentz force generated by the interaction between the coil and the magnetic field of the magnet to drive the vibrator to reciprocate.
  • the driving force of the above-mentioned vibration motor is relatively small, so the response time of vibration is relatively long. long.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide a vibrating motor with a large driving force when the vibrator vibrates and a fast response speed.
  • the present application provides a vibration motor, including a housing with an accommodation space and a vibrator and a stator accommodated in the accommodation space.
  • the vibrator includes a magnetic circuit structure for vibration
  • the stator includes a structure for driving the magnetic circuit Vibrating coil
  • the winding plane of the coil is parallel to the vibration direction of the vibrator
  • the magnetic circuit structure includes a first magnetic steel group arranged on one side of the coil along the vibrating direction of the vibrator and The vibration direction of the vibrator is set in the second magnetic steel group on the other side of the coil.
  • the first magnetic steel group and the second magnetic steel group are arranged symmetrically.
  • the first magnetic steel group and the second magnetic steel group Each steel group includes a plurality of magnets arranged in a row. The magnets are magnetized along the vibration direction perpendicular to the vibrator. The magnetizing directions of two adjacent magnets are opposite.
  • the first magnet group is opposite to the The magnetizing direction of the magnets opposite to each other in the second magnet group is the same.
  • the magnetic circuit structure further includes a magnetic conductive frame fixedly connected to the magnetic steel, and the magnetic conductive frame includes a first magnetic conductive plate attached to the first magnetic steel group and a magnetic conductive plate attached to the The third magnetic conductive plate of the second magnetic steel group, the first magnetic conductive plate is arranged on the side of the first magnetic steel group away from the second magnetic steel group, and the third magnetic conductive plate is arranged on the The second magnetic steel group is away from the side of the first magnetic steel group.
  • the magnetic conductive frame further includes a second magnetic conductive plate fixed to one end of the first magnetic conductive plate and connected to the third magnetic conductive plate, and a second magnetic conductive plate fixed to the other end of the first magnetic conductive plate and connected to the The fourth magnetic conductive plate of the third magnetic conductive plate, the third magnetic conductive plate and the fourth magnetic conductive plate are arranged in parallel and spaced apart.
  • the vibrator further includes a counterweight, the magnetic circuit structure is assembled in the counterweight, the counterweight is suspended in the containing space, and the counterweight includes two parallel and spaced apart And two short side walls arranged at both ends of the long side wall and connected to the two long side walls, the long side wall and the short side wall are connected end to end to form a receiving cavity, The magnetic conductive frame and the coil are accommodated in the containing cavity.
  • the first magnetic conductive plate is sandwiched between the first magnetic steel group and one of the long side walls
  • the second magnetic conductive frame is sandwiched between the second magnetic steel group and the other Between the long side walls.
  • both ends of the short side wall along the height direction of the housing are recessed and formed with clamping slots
  • the vibration motor further includes a limit block provided corresponding to the clamping slot, the limit block and the The housing is fixedly connected, and the card slot cooperates with the limiting block to limit the displacement of the vibrator.
  • the first magnetic steel group includes a first magnetic steel and a second magnetic steel spaced apart, and the magnetizing direction of the first magnetic steel is opposite to that of the second magnetic steel;
  • the second magnet group includes a third magnet and a fourth magnet arranged at intervals, and the magnetizing direction of the third magnet is opposite to the magnetizing direction of the fourth magnet; the magnetizing direction of the first magnet The direction is the same as the magnetizing direction of the third magnet, and the magnetizing direction of the second magnet is the same as the magnetizing direction of the fourth magnet.
  • the stator includes a coil and a soft magnetic body fixedly connected to the coil, the coil is sleeved on the soft magnetic body, and the coil is fixedly connected to the housing.
  • the number of the stators is two, the two stators are arranged side by side, and the coils of the two stators are energized in opposite directions.
  • the magnetic circuit structure of the vibration motor of the present application includes a soft magnet and a coil sleeved on the soft magnet, and a magnetic frame and a magnet are arranged on the circumference of the coil.
  • the magnetic direction is parallel to the vibration direction of the vibrator.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vibration motor provided in the first embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of the vibration motor shown in FIG. 1;
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the speaker shown in Figure 1 along the line III-III;
  • FIG. 4 is a front view of the vibration motor described in FIG. 1 without a top wall;
  • Figure 5 (a) is a schematic diagram of the magnetizing direction of the magnetic circuit structure shown in Figure 2 in a current direction;
  • Figure 5(b) is a schematic diagram of the magnetizing direction of another current direction of the magnetic circuit structure shown in Figure 2;
  • Fig. 6 is a magnetic field distribution diagram of a magnetic circuit structure according to an embodiment
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic circuit structure in the third embodiment.
  • the present application provides a vibration motor 100.
  • the vibration motor 100 includes a housing 1, a stator 2, a vibrator 3, and an elastic member 4.
  • the housing 1 includes a top wall 11, a bottom wall 13 opposite to the top wall 11, and a side wall 15 connecting the top wall 11 and the bottom wall 13.
  • the top wall 11, the bottom wall 13 and the side wall 15 cooperate to enclose a receiving space, and the vibrator 3, the stator 2 and the elastic member 4 are received in the receiving space.
  • the side wall 15 includes two long sides 151 arranged in parallel and spaced apart and two short sides 153 arranged at both ends of the long side 151 and connecting the two long sides 151.
  • the long side 151 and the short side The 153 can be formed in one piece, or it can be split-type design and fixed connection.
  • the top wall 11 and the side wall 15 are integrally formed, and the bottom wall 13 is directly covered on the side wall 15, which can facilitate the assembly of the vibration motor 100.
  • the side wall 15 may also be integrally formed with the bottom wall 13.
  • the stator 2 is fixed to the housing 1. Specifically, the stator 2 is fixed to the bottom wall 13.
  • the stator 2 includes a coil 21 and a soft magnet 22.
  • the central axis of the coil 21 is connected to the The extension direction of the short side 153 is parallel, and the winding plane of the coil 21 is parallel to the vibration direction of the vibrator 3. It should be noted that the winding plane of the coil 21 is the winding of the coil 21. The corresponding plane.
  • the soft magnet 22 is made of iron-silicon alloy and has a columnar structure.
  • the coil 21 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the soft magnet 22. During installation, the coil 21 is inserted from one end of the soft magnet 22 to facilitate assembly and disassembly.
  • the coil 21 After the coil 21 is energized, the coil 21 and the soft magnetic body 22 cooperate to form an electromagnet.
  • the coil 21 generates a magnetic field to magnetize the soft magnetic body 22.
  • the magnetic fields of the coils 21 are superimposed on each other, so that the magnetic properties of the coils 21 are greatly increased.
  • the number of the stators 2 may be multiple, and the multiple stators 2 are arranged in a row along the long side 151, and the current directions of the coils 21 in the two adjacent stators 2 are opposite, the generated magnetic field The direction is also the opposite.
  • the magnetic fields generated by the coils 21 in the two or more stators 2 act on the vibrator 3 at the same time, which can increase the driving force and improve the vibration effect of the vibrator 3.
  • the vibrator 3 is used for vibration. Specifically, the vibrator 3 includes a counterweight 31 and a magnetic circuit structure 33 assembled with the counterweight 31, and the counterweight 31 is suspended in the containing space.
  • the magnetic circuit structure 33 is driven by the magnetic field of the coil 21 to generate vibration, and the counterweight 31 is used to enhance the vibration effect of the magnetic circuit structure 33.
  • the weight 31 includes two long side walls 311 arranged in parallel and spaced apart and two short side walls 313 arranged at both ends of the long side wall 311 and connecting the two long side walls 311.
  • the long side The wall 311 and the short side wall 313 are connected end to end to form a receiving cavity 315, and the stator 2 and the magnetic circuit structure 33 are both received in the receiving cavity 315.
  • the extending direction of the long side wall 311 is consistent with the extending direction of the long side 151
  • the extending direction of the short side wall 313 is consistent with the extending direction of the short side 153.
  • the long side wall 311 is spaced from the long side 151
  • the short side wall 313 is spaced from the short side 153.
  • the short side wall 313 is recessed at both ends of the height direction of the housing 1 to form a locking groove 3130, and the two locking grooves 3130 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the short side wall 313.
  • the slot 3130 communicates with the receiving space, and the slot 3130 is disposed on the side of the short side wall 313 away from the receiving cavity 315.
  • the vibration motor 100 further includes a limit block 5 corresponding to the card slot 3130, and the limit block 5 is fixedly connected to the housing 1.
  • the slot 3130 cooperates with the limiting block 5 to limit the displacement of the vibrator 3 and avoid excessive vibration of the vibrator 3.
  • the number of the limiting blocks 5 is four, and the two limiting blocks 5 corresponding to the two grooves 3130 at the top of the short side wall 313 are fixedly connected to the top wall 11, and Two stop blocks 5 corresponding to the two grooves 3130 at the bottom end of the short side wall 313 are fixedly connected to the bottom wall 13.
  • the depth of the slot 3130 along the X axis direction is the vibration amount of the vibrator 3, where the X axis direction is the vibration direction of the vibrator 3, that is, the X axis shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 Direction.
  • the magnetic circuit structure 33 includes a magnetic conductive frame 331 accommodated in the accommodating cavity 315, a first magnetic steel group 333 arranged on one side of the coil 21 along the vibration direction of the vibrator 3, and The vibration direction of is set at the second magnet group 335 on the other side of the coil 21, and the first magnet group 333 and the second magnet group 335 are symmetrically arranged.
  • the magnetic conductive frame 331 has a rectangular frame structure, which includes a first magnetic conductive plate 3311, a second magnetic conductive plate 3312, and a third magnetic conductive plate 3313 that are connected end to end in sequence.
  • the fourth magnetic conductive plate 3314, the first magnetic conductive plate 3311, the second magnetic conductive plate 3312, the third magnetic conductive plate 3313, and the fourth magnetic conductive plate 3314 are integrally formed, the first magnetic conductive plate 3311 and the
  • the third magnetic conductive plate 3313 is fixed on two opposite long side walls 311 respectively, and the second magnetic conductive plate 3312 and the fourth magnetic conductive plate 3314 are fixed on two opposite short side walls 313 respectively.
  • the second magnetic conductive plate 3312 is fixed to one end of the first magnetic conductive plate 3311 and connected to the third magnetic conductive plate 3313; the fourth magnetic conductive plate 3314 is fixed to the first magnetic conductive plate 3311. The other end of the magnetic conductive plate 3311 is connected to the first magnetic conductive plate 3313. Further, the first magnetic conductive plate 3311 is arranged on a side of the first magnetic steel group 333 away from the second magnetic steel group 335, and the second magnetic conductive plate 33 is arranged on the second magnetic steel group 335. The steel group 335 is away from the side of the first magnetically conductive steel group 333.
  • the first magnetic steel group 333 is fixed to the first magnetic conductive plate 3311
  • the second magnetic steel group 335 is fixed to the third magnetic conductive plate 3313. That is, the first magnetic conductive plate 3311 is sandwiched between the first magnetic steel group 333 and one of the long side walls 311, and the third magnetic conductive plate 3313 is sandwiched between the second magnetic steel group 335 And the other long side wall 311.
  • the first magnet steel group 333 and the second magnet steel group 335 both include magnets arranged in multiple rows.
  • the magnets are magnetized along the vibration direction perpendicular to the vibrator 3, and two adjacent magnets
  • the magnetizing directions of the magnets are opposite, and the magnetizing directions of the corresponding magnets in the first magnet group 333 and the second magnet group 335 are the same.
  • the first magnet group 333 includes a first magnet 3331 and a second magnet 3332; the second magnet group 335 includes a third magnet 3351 and a fourth magnet 3352 , wherein the magnetizing direction of the first magnet 3331 is opposite to the magnetizing direction of the second magnet 3332, and the magnetizing direction of the first magnet 3331 is the same as that of the third magnet 3351 The magnetizing direction is the same; the magnetizing direction of the fourth magnet 3352 is opposite to the magnetizing direction of the third magnet 3352.
  • the side of the first magnetic steel 3331 close to the first magnetic conductive plate 3311 is an S pole, and the side far away from the first magnetic conductive plate 3311 is an N pole;
  • the side of the second magnet 3332 close to the first magnetic conductive plate 3311 is an N pole, and the side far away from the first magnetic conductive plate 3311 is an S pole;
  • the side of the third magnet 3351 close to the first magnetic conductive plate 3311 is an N pole, and the side far away from the first magnetic conductive plate 3311 is an S pole.
  • the side of the fourth magnet 3352 close to the second magnetic conductive frame 3312 is an S pole, and the side far away from the second magnetic conductive frame 3312 is an N pole.
  • the coil 21 cooperates with the soft magnet 22 to form an electromagnet, which generates an electromagnetic force after being energized.
  • the magnetic circuit structure 33 generates a Lorentz force.
  • the superposition of the electromagnetic force and the Lorentz force pushes the vibrator 3 in
  • the vibration in the accommodating space is transmitted to the housing 1 through the elastic member 4 to drive the housing 1 to vibrate, and then the vibration motor 100 outputs a vibration sensation to the outside.
  • the vibration direction of the vibrator 3 is the extending direction of the long side 151, that is, the direction shown by the X axis in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2. Please refer to FIG. 5( b ). It should be noted that by adjusting the direction of the current in the coil 21, the direction of the magnetic field of the coil 21 can be changed, thereby changing the vibration direction of the vibrator 3.
  • the magnetically permeable frame 331 is made of permeable material, which plays a role of permeable magnetism, which can avoid the dispersion of magnetic lines of induction, strengthen the Lorentz force, and increase the vibration force.
  • the size increases the vibration effect of the vibration motor 100.
  • the elastic member 4 and the counterweight 31 and/or the connection place of the housing 1 are preferably provided with reinforcing welding tabs, which can not only enhance the bonding force of the elastic member 4, but also prevent the elastic member 4 from excessive bending Fold and break.
  • the magnetic conductive frame 331 omits the structure of the second magnetic conductive plate 3312 and the fourth magnetic conductive plate 3314. Both ends of the first magnetic conductive plate 3311 and the third magnetic conductive plate 3313 directly abut the short The side wall 313. That is, the magnetic conductive frame 331 only includes the first magnetic conductive plate 3311 and the third magnetic conductive plate 3313 arranged in parallel and spaced apart.
  • the other structures of the vibration motor 100 are the same as those in the first embodiment, which will not be repeated in this embodiment.
  • the first magnet group 333 also includes a fifth magnet 3333, the fifth magnet 3333 is arranged on the side of the second magnet 3332 away from the first magnet 3331, and the fifth magnet
  • the steel 3333 and the first magnet 3331 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the second magnet 3332;
  • the second magnet group 335 also includes a sixth magnet 3353, and the sixth magnet 3353 is arranged on the fourth magnet.
  • the magnet 3352 is far away from the third magnet 3351, and the third magnet 3351 and the sixth magnet 3353 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the fourth magnet 3352.
  • the magnetizing direction of the fifth magnet 3333 is the same as the magnetizing direction of the first magnet 3331, and the magnetizing direction of the sixth magnet 3353 is the same as that of the third magnet 3351. The same direction.
  • the number of the stators 2 is two, the two stators 2 can abut or be spaced apart, and the current directions of the coils 21 in the two stators 2 are opposite, so that the two stators 2 The direction of the magnetic field generated by the middle coil 21 is also opposite.
  • the magnetic fields generated by the coils 21 in the two stators 2 are superimposed on each other, which strengthens the electromagnetic force and improves the driving force. Size, thereby increasing the vibration effect of the vibration motor.
  • the magnetic circuit structure of the vibration motor of the present application includes a soft magnet and a coil sleeved on the soft magnet, and a magnetic frame and a magnet are arranged on the circumference of the coil.
  • the magnetic direction is parallel to the vibration direction of the vibrator.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)

Abstract

一种振动电机，包括壳体（1）、振子（3）和定子（2），所述振子（3）包括用于振动的磁路结构（33），所述定子（2）包括驱动所述磁路结构（33）振动的线圈（21），所述线圈（21）的绕线平面平行于所述振子（3）的振动方向，所述磁路结构（33）包括沿所述振子（3）的振动方向设置于所述线圈（21）一侧的第一磁钢组（333）和沿所述振子（3）的振动方向设置于所述线圈（21）另一侧的第二磁钢组（335），所述第一磁钢组（333）与所述第二磁钢组（335）对称设置，所述第一磁钢组（333）和所述第二磁钢组（335）均包括多个排列设置的磁钢，所述磁钢沿垂直于所述振子（3）的振动方向充磁，相邻两个磁钢的充磁方向相反，所述第一磁钢组（333）与所述第二磁钢组（335）中位置相对的磁钢充磁方向相同。该振动电机增加了驱动的大小，使响应速度快，振动效果更佳。

Description

振动电机 技术领域
本申请涉及振动电机领域，尤其涉及一种振动电机。
 背景技术
振动电机是一种利用电磁力的产生原理将电能转换为机械能的部件，振动电机通常安装在便携式移动设备内，以产生振动反馈，如手机的振动或者游戏机的振动反馈等。
相关技术中，振动电机通常仅通过线圈与磁钢的磁场相互作用产生的洛伦兹力提供驱动力，以驱动振子往复振动，但上述振动电机的驱动力较小，因此导致振动的响应时间较长。
因此，实有必要提供一种新的振动电机以解决上述问题。
 技术问题
相关技术中，振动电机通常仅通过线圈与磁钢的磁场相互作用产生的洛伦兹力提供驱动力，以驱动振子往复振动，但上述振动电机的驱动力较小，因此导致振动的响应时间较长。
 技术解决方案
本申请的目的在于提供一种振子振动时的驱动力大，响应速度快的振动电机。
本申请提供一种振动电机，包括具有收容空间的壳体及收容于所述收容空间内的振子和定子，所述振子包括用于振动的磁路结构，所述定子包括驱动所述磁路结构振动的线圈，所述线圈的绕线平面平行于所述振子的振动方向，所述磁路结构包括沿所述振子的振动方向设置于所述线圈一侧的第一磁钢组和沿所述振子的振动方向设置于所述线圈另一侧的第二磁钢组，所述第一磁钢组与所述第二磁钢组对称设置，所述第一磁钢组和所述第二磁钢组均包括多个排列设置的磁钢，所述磁钢沿垂直于所述振子的振动方向充磁，相邻两个磁钢的充磁方向相反，所述第一磁钢组与所述第二磁钢组中位置相对的磁钢充磁方向相同。
优选的，所述磁路结构还包括与所述磁钢固定连接的导磁框，所述导磁框包括贴附于所述第一磁钢组的第一导磁板和贴附于所述第二磁钢组的第三导磁板，所述第一导磁板设置于所述第一磁钢组远离所述第二磁钢组的一侧，所述第三导磁板设置于所述第二磁钢组远离所述第一磁钢组的一侧。
优选的，所述导磁框还包括固定于所述第一导磁板一端并连接所述第三导磁板的第二导磁板以及固定于所述第一导磁板另一端并连接所述第三导磁板的第四导磁板，所述第三导磁板与所述第四导磁板平行间隔设置。
优选的，所述振子还包括配重块，所述磁路结构组装于所述配重块内，所述配重块悬置于所述收容空间内，所述配重块包括两平行间隔设置的长侧壁及设置于所述长侧壁的两端并连接两个所述长侧壁的两个短侧壁，所述长侧壁和所述短侧壁首尾相接围成收容腔，所述导磁框和所述线圈收容于所述收容腔内。
优选的，所述第一导磁板夹设于所述第一磁钢组和一个所述长侧壁之间，所述第二导磁框夹设于所述第二磁钢组和另一个所述长侧壁之间。
优选的，所述短侧壁沿所述壳体高度方向的两端凹陷形成有卡槽，所述振动电机还包括与所述卡槽对应设置的限位块，所述限位块与所述壳体固定连接，所述卡槽与所述限位块配合用于限制所述振子的位移量。
优选的，所述第一磁钢组包括间隔设置的第一磁钢和第二磁钢，所述第一磁钢的充磁方向与所述第二磁钢的充磁方向相反；所述第二磁钢组包括间隔设置的第三磁钢和第四磁钢，所述第三磁钢的充磁方向与所述第四磁钢的充磁方向相反；所述第一磁钢的充磁方向与所述第三磁钢的充磁方向相同，所述第二磁钢的充磁方向与所述第四磁钢的充磁方向相同。
优选的，所述定子包括线圈和与所述线圈固定连接的软磁体，所述线圈套设于所述软磁体上，且所述线圈与所述壳体固定连接。
优选的，所述定子的数量为两个，两个所述定子排列设置，且两个所述定子的线圈通电方向相反。
 有益效果
与相关技术相比，本申请的振动电机的磁路结构包括软磁体和套设于所述软磁体的线圈，并在所述线圈周侧设置导磁框和磁钢，所述磁钢的充磁方向与所述振子的振动方向平行，定子通电后产生电磁力，与所述磁钢的洛伦兹力相叠加，产生驱动力驱动所述配重块振动，增加了所述驱动的大小，使响应速度快，振动效果更佳。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图，其中：
图1为实施例一提供的振动电机的立体结构示意图；
图2为图1所示的振动电机的分解结构示意图；
图3为图1所示的扬声器的沿III-III线的剖视图；
图4为图1所述振动电机无顶壁的正视图；
图5（a）为图2所示的磁路结构一种电流方向的充磁方向示意图；
图5（b）为图2所示的磁路结构另一种电流方向的充磁方向示意图；
图6为实施例一种磁路结构的磁场分布图；
图7为实施例二中磁路结构的示意图；
图8为实施例三中磁路结构的示意图。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
实施例一
请结合参阅图1-4，本申请提供一种振动电机100，所述振动电机100包括壳体1、定子2、振子3及弹性件4。
所述壳体1包括顶壁11、与所述顶壁11相对设置的底壁13及连接所述顶壁11和底壁13的侧壁15，所述顶壁11、底壁13及侧壁15配合围成收容空间，所述振子3、定子2及弹性件4收容于所述收容空间内。
所述侧壁15包括两平行间隔设置的长边151以及设于所述长边151两端并连接两个所述长边151的两个短边153，所述长边151和所述短边153可以采用一体成型，也可以采用分体式设计并固定连接。
在本实施方式中，所述顶壁11与所述侧壁15一体成型，所述底壁13直接盖设于所述侧壁15上，可以方便所述振动电机100的装配，在其他实施方式中，所述侧壁15还可以与所述底壁13一体成型。
所述定子2固定于所述壳体1，具体的，所述定子2固定于所述底壁13上，所述定子2包括线圈21及软磁体22，所述线圈21的中轴线与所述短边153的延伸方向平行，且所述线圈21的绕线平面平行于所述振子3的振动方向，需要说明的是，所述线圈21的绕线平面即为所述线圈21绕一圈线所对应的平面。
所述软磁体22由铁硅合金制成，其形状为柱状结构，所述线圈21套设于所述软磁体22的外圆周。安装时，所述线圈21从所述软磁体22的一端套入，方便装配和拆卸。
所述线圈21通电后，所述线圈21和所述软磁体22配合形成电磁铁，所述线圈21产生磁场，将所述软磁体22进行磁化，所述软磁体22磁化后产生的磁场与所述线圈21磁场相互叠加，使得所述线圈21的磁性大大增加。
进一步的，所述定子2的数量可以为多个，多个所述定子2沿所述长边151方向相互排列设置，且相邻两个定子2中线圈21的电流方向相反，所产生的磁场方向也相反。两个多个所述定子2中线圈21产生的磁场同时作用与所述振子3，可以增加驱动力大小，改善所述振子3的振动效果。
所述振子3用于振动，具体的，所述振子3包括配重块31及组配于所述配重块31的磁路结构33，所述配重块31悬至于所述收容空间内。
所述磁路结构33在所述线圈21磁场的驱动下，产生振动，所述配重块31用于加强所述磁路结构33的振动效果。所述配重块31包括两平行间隔设置的长侧壁311及设置于所述长侧壁311的两端并连接两个所述长侧壁311的两个短侧壁313，所述长侧壁311和所述短侧壁313首尾相接围成收容腔315，所述定子2及所述磁路结构33均收容于所述收容腔315内。所述长侧壁311的延伸方向与所述长边151的延伸方向一致，所述短侧壁313的延伸方向与所述短边153的延伸方向一致。进一步的，所述长侧壁311与所述长边151间隔设置，所述短侧壁313与所述短边153间隔设置。
所述短侧壁313沿所述壳体1高度方向的两端凹陷形成有卡槽3130，两个所述卡槽3130对称设置于所述短侧壁313两端。所述卡槽3130与所述收容空间连通，且所述卡槽3130设置于所述短侧壁313远离按所述收容腔315的一侧。
所述振动电机100还包括与所述卡槽3130对应设置的限位块5，所述限位块5与所述壳体1固定连接。所述卡槽3130与所述限位块5配合用于限制所述振子3的位移量，避免所述振子3的过度振动。进一步的，所述限位块5的数量为四个，其中与位于所述短侧壁313顶端的两个卡槽3130相对应的两个限位块5与所述顶壁11固定连接，与位于所述短侧壁313底端的两个卡槽3130相对应的两个限位块5与所述底壁13固定连接。
可以理解的是，所述卡槽3130沿X轴方向的深度即为所述振子3的振动量，其中X轴方向为所述振子3的振动方向，即图1或图2中X轴所示的方向。
所述磁路结构33包括收容于所述容纳腔315内的导磁框331、沿所述振子3的振动方向设置于所述线圈21一侧的第一磁钢组333和沿所述振子3的振动方向设置于所述线圈21另一侧的第二磁钢组335，所述第一磁钢组333和所述第二磁钢组335对称设置。
请参阅图5，在本实施方式中，所述导磁框331呈矩形框状结构，其包括依次首尾相接的第一导磁板3311、第二导磁板3312、第三导磁板3313及第四导磁板3314，所述第一导磁板3311、第二导磁板3312、第三导磁板3313及第四导磁板3314一体成型，所述第一导磁板3311与所述第三导磁板3313分别固定于二相对的长侧壁311上，所述第二导磁板3312和所述第四导磁板3314分别固定于二相对的短侧壁313上。可以理解的是，所述第二导磁板3312固定于所述第一导磁板3311的一端并连接所述第三导磁板3313；所述第四导磁板3314固定于所述第一导磁板3311的另一端并连接所述第一导磁板3313。进一步的，所述第一导磁板3311设置于所述第一磁钢组333远离所述第二磁钢组335的一侧，所述第二导磁板33设置于所述第二导磁钢组335远离所述第一导磁钢组333的一侧。
具体的，在本实施方式中，所述第一磁钢组333固定于所述第一导磁板3311，所述第二磁钢组335固定于所述第三导磁板3313。即所述第一导磁板3311夹设于所述第一磁钢组333和一个所述长侧壁311之间，所述第三导磁板3313夹设于所述第二磁钢组335和另一个所述长侧壁311之间。
所述第一磁钢组333和所述第二磁钢组335均包括多排列设置的磁钢，所述磁钢沿垂直于所述振子3的振动方向充磁，且相邻两个所述磁钢的充磁方向相反，所述第一磁钢组333和第二磁钢组335中位置相对应的磁钢充磁方向相同。
具体的，在本实施方式中，所述第一磁钢组333包括第一磁钢3331和第二磁钢3332；所述第二磁钢组335包括第三磁钢3351和第四磁钢3352，其中，所述第一磁钢3331的充磁方向与所述第二磁钢3332的充磁方向相反，所述第一磁钢3331的充磁方向与所述和第三磁钢3351的充磁方向相同；所述第四磁钢3352的充磁方向与所述第三磁钢3352的充磁方向相反。
请参阅图5（a），为更清楚的说明本申请的内容，将各个磁钢的充磁方向定义如下：
所述第一磁钢3331靠近所述第一导磁板3311的一侧为S极，远离所述第一导磁板3311的一侧为N极；
所述第二磁钢3332靠近所述第一导磁板3311的一侧为N极，远离所述第一导磁板3311的一侧为S极；
所述第三磁钢3351靠近所述第一导磁板3311的一侧为N极，远离所述第一导磁板3311的一侧为S极。
所述第四磁钢3352靠近所述第二导磁框3312的一侧为S极，远离所述第二导磁框3312的一侧为N极。
所述线圈21与所述软磁体22配合形成电磁体，通电后产生电磁力，所述磁路结构33产生洛伦兹力，通过电磁力与洛伦兹力的叠加，推动所述振子3在所述收容空间内振动，并通过所述弹性件4传导至所述壳体1，带动所述壳体1振动，进而由所述振动电机100对外输出振感。进一步的，所述振子3的振动方向为所述长边151的延伸方向，即图1或图2中X轴所示的方向。请参阅图5（b），需要说明的是，通过调节所述线圈21中电流的方向，可以改变所述线圈21磁场的方向，从而改变所述振子3的振动方向。
请参阅图6，所述导磁板框331由导磁材料制成，起到导磁作用，可以避免磁感线的外散，加强了洛伦兹力的大小，进而加大了振动力的大小，增加了所述振动电机100的振动效果。
所述弹性件4一端固定于所述配重块31，另一端固定于所述壳体1，用于将所述振子3悬置于所述收容空间内。所述弹性件4与所述配重块31和/或所述壳体1连接处优选设置加强焊片，不但可以增强所述弹性件4的结合力，还可以防止所述弹性件4过度弯折而断裂。
实施例二
请参阅图7，与实施例一相比，本实施例的区别在于：
所述导磁框331省去第二导磁板3312和第四导磁板3314的结构，所述第一导磁板3311和所述第三导磁板3313的两端直接抵接所述短侧壁313。即所述导磁框331仅仅包括平行间隔设置的第一导磁板3311和第三导磁板3313。
本实施中，所述振动电机100的其他结构均与实施例一相同，本实施例对此不做赘述。
实施例二
请参阅图8，与实施例一相比，本实施例的区别在于：
所述第一磁钢组333还包括第五磁钢3333，所述第五磁钢3333设置于所述第二磁钢3332远离所述第一磁钢3331的一侧，且所述第五磁钢3333和所述第一磁钢3331关于所述第二磁钢3332对称设置；所述第二磁钢组335还包括第六磁钢3353，所述第六磁钢3353设置于所述第四磁钢3352远离所述第三磁钢3351的一侧，且所述第三磁钢3351和所述第六磁钢3353关于所述第四磁钢3352对称设置。
进一步的，所述第五磁钢3333的充磁方向与所述第一磁钢3331的充磁方向相同，所述第六磁钢3353的充磁方向与所述第三磁钢3351的充磁方向相同。
在本实施例中，所述定子2的数量为两个，两个所述定子2可以相互抵接或者间隔，两个所述定子2中线圈21的电流方向相反，使得两个所述定子2中线圈21所产生的磁场方向也相反。
本实施中，所述振动电机的其他结构均与实施例一相同，本实施例对此不做赘述。
在本实施中，通过设置两个定子2，且两个定子2的电流方向相反，两个所述定子2中线圈21所产生的磁场相互叠加，加强了电磁力的大小，提高了驱动力的大小，进而增加了所述振动电机的振动效果。
与相关技术相比，本申请的振动电机的磁路结构包括软磁体和套设于所述软磁体的线圈，并在所述线圈周侧设置导磁框和磁钢，所述磁钢的充磁方向与所述振子的振动方向平行，定子通电后产生电磁力，与所述磁钢的洛伦兹力相叠加，产生驱动力驱动所述配重块振动，增加了所述驱动的大小，使响应速度快，振动效果更佳。
以上所述仅为本申请的实施例，并非因此限制本申请的专利范围，凡是利用本申请说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其它相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本申请的专利保护范围内。
 本发明的实施方式
在此处键入本发明的实施方式描述段落。
 工业实用性
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Claims (10)

  1. 一种振动电机，包括具有收容空间的壳体及收容于所述收容空间内的振子和定子，其特征在于，所述振子包括用于振动的磁路结构，所述定子包括驱动所述磁路结构振动的线圈，所述线圈的绕线平面平行于所述振子的振动方向，所述磁路结构包括沿所述振子的振动方向设置于所述线圈一侧的第一磁钢组和沿所述振子的振动方向设置于所述线圈另一侧的第二磁钢组，所述第一磁钢组与所述第二磁钢组对称设置，所述第一磁钢组和所述第二磁钢组均包括多个排列设置的磁钢，所述磁钢沿垂直于所述振子的振动方向充磁，相邻两个磁钢的充磁方向相反，所述第一磁钢组与所述第二磁钢组中位置相对的磁钢充磁方向相同。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的振动电机，其特征在于，所述磁路结构还包括与所述磁钢固定连接的导磁框，所述导磁框包括贴附于所述第一磁钢组的第一导磁板和贴附于所述第二磁钢组的第三导磁板，所述第一导磁板设置于所述第一磁钢组远离所述第二磁钢组的一侧，所述第三导磁板设置于所述第二磁钢组远离所述第一磁钢组的一侧。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的振动电机，其特征在于，所述导磁框还包括
    固定于所述第一导磁板一端并连接所述第三导磁板的第二导磁板以及固定于所述第一导磁板另一端并连接所述第三导磁板的第四导磁板，所述第三导磁板与所述第四导磁板平行间隔设置。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的振动电机，其特征在于，所述振子还包括配重块，所述磁路结构组装于所述配重块内，所述配重块悬置于所述收容空间内，所述配重块包括两平行间隔设置的长侧壁及设置于所述长侧壁的两端并连接两个所述长侧壁的两个短侧壁，所述长侧壁和所述短侧壁首尾相接围成收容腔，所述导磁框和所述线圈收容于所述收容腔内。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的振动电机，其特征在于，所述第一导磁板夹设于所述第一磁钢组和一个所述长侧壁之间，所述第二导磁框夹设于所述第二磁钢组和另一个所述长侧壁之间。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的振动电机，其特征在于，所述短侧壁沿所述壳体高度方向的两端凹陷形成有卡槽，所述振动电机还包括与所述卡槽对应设置的限位块，所述限位块与所述壳体固定连接，所述卡槽与所述限位块配合用于限制所述振子的位移量。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的振动电机，其特征在于，所述第一磁钢组包括间隔设置的第一磁钢和第二磁钢，所述第一磁钢的充磁方向与所述第二磁钢的充磁方向相反；所述第二磁钢组包括间隔设置的第三磁钢和第四磁钢，所述第三磁钢的充磁方向与所述第四磁钢的充磁方向相反；所述第一磁钢的充磁方向与所述第三磁钢的充磁方向相同，所述第二磁钢的充磁方向与所述第四磁钢的充磁方向相同。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的振动电机，其特征在于，所述定子包括线圈和与所述线圈固定连接的软磁体，所述线圈套设于所述软磁体上，且所述线圈与所述壳体固定连接。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的振动电机，其特征在于，所述定子的数量为两个，两个所述定子排列设置，且两个所述定子的线圈通电方向相反。
  10. 在此处键入权利要求项10。
PCT/CN2019/093986 2019-06-29 2019-06-29 振动电机 WO2021000090A1 (zh)

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CN111641322B (zh) * 2020-06-30 2022-03-25 歌尔股份有限公司 振动装置以及电子设备
CN213461487U (zh) * 2020-09-25 2021-06-15 瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司 振动电机
CN112803697B (zh) * 2021-01-18 2022-03-25 深圳市泓之发机电有限公司 线性驱动组件
CN114221511B (zh) * 2021-12-13 2023-07-14 歌尔股份有限公司 振动装置及电子产品

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