WO2021128176A1 - 一种线性电机 - Google Patents
一种线性电机 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021128176A1 WO2021128176A1 PCT/CN2019/128743 CN2019128743W WO2021128176A1 WO 2021128176 A1 WO2021128176 A1 WO 2021128176A1 CN 2019128743 W CN2019128743 W CN 2019128743W WO 2021128176 A1 WO2021128176 A1 WO 2021128176A1
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- vibrator
- linear motor
- fixed
- magnetic
- housing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K33/00—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system
Definitions
- the utility model relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to a linear motor.
- the existing linear motors on the market are solenoid magnetic circuit components, and the driving force is small.
- the foam provides system damping, so that the linear motor responds quickly when starting and stopping vibration, and tends to stabilize vibration faster.
- the purpose of the utility model is to provide a linear motor with large driving force and good system damping stability.
- the present utility model provides a linear motor
- the linear motor includes a housing with an accommodation space, an elastic support provided in the accommodation space, supported by the elastic support and suspended in the housing
- the vibrator in the housing and the stator fixed to the housing; one of the vibrator and the stator includes a magnetic circuit assembly, and the other includes a coil assembly;
- the coil assembly includes two vibrations perpendicular to the vibrator Copper sheets arranged at intervals in the direction, an iron core fixed between the two copper sheets, and a drive coil sleeved outside the iron core, the winding plane of the drive coil is parallel to the vibration direction of the vibrator;
- the magnetic circuit assembly includes magnet parts disposed on both sides of the drive coil along the vibrating direction of the vibrator, wherein the magnet part located on one side of the drive coil along the vibrating direction of the vibrator includes at least two magnets.
- the two adjacent magnetic steels have opposite polarities, and the orthographic projection of the iron core on the magnet part is located between the two adjacent magnetic steels.
- the magnetic steel is magnetized in a direction perpendicular to the vibration direction of the vibrator.
- the magnet part further includes a magnetic member sandwiched between two adjacent magnetic steels on the same side of the drive coil along the vibrating direction of the vibrator, and the magnetizing direction of the magnetic member It is perpendicular to the magnetizing direction of the magnetic steel.
- the magnetic circuit assembly further includes a magnetic conductive plate fixed on the side of the magnetic steel away from the coil assembly.
- the vibrator includes the magnetic circuit assembly and a mass that fixes the magnetic circuit assembly, the elastic support is connected to the mass, and the mass is opened along a direction perpendicular to the vibration direction of the vibrator
- the mass includes a first side wall that is opposed and spaced apart and a second side wall that is opposed and spaced apart, and the first side wall and the second side wall are connected end to end to enclose the containment
- the magnetic circuit component is fixed in the receiving cavity
- the coil component is fixed to the housing and extends into the receiving cavity
- the magnetic conductive plate is sandwiched between the magnet part and the first Between the side walls.
- the length of the copper sheet along the vibrating direction of the vibrator is greater than the outer diameter of the drive coil, and the side of the second side wall facing the copper sheet is recessed for avoiding the The first avoidance groove of the copper sheet.
- the iron core and the magnetic element are directly opposite, and the magnetic elements are respectively arranged on both sides of the coil assembly along the vibration direction perpendicular to the vibrator, and located on the same side of the coil assembly
- the magnetic parts and the iron cores are arranged in one-to-one correspondence, and the iron cores are arranged side by side between the two copper sheets along the vibrating direction of the vibrator, and each of the driving coils is sleeved on the corresponding Outside the iron core.
- the elastic support includes a first fixed arm fixed on the housing, a second fixed arm spaced apart from the first fixed arm and fixed on the vibrator, and connected to the The elastic arm of the first fixed arm and the second fixed arm.
- the vibrator is provided with a second avoiding groove for avoiding the first fixed arm and a fixing groove for fixing the second fixed arm, and the second avoiding groove and the fixing groove are opposite to each other.
- the back is arranged on both sides of the vibrator.
- the linear motor further includes a plurality of limit blocks located in the accommodation space to limit the movement of the vibrator, and a third block for matching with the limit block is correspondingly provided on the vibrator. Avoidance slot.
- the outer shell includes a bottom shell and a cover plate connected to the bottom shell, the bottom shell and the cover plate enclose the accommodation space, and the vibrator is located in the bottom shell ,
- the two limit blocks are both fixed on the side of the cover plate facing the vibrator.
- the coil assembly is fixed to the housing, and the housing is provided with a mounting slot corresponding to the copper sheet, and the copper sheet is fixed to the mounting slot on the side of the copper sheet away from the vibrator.
- the magnet part located on one side of the driving coil along the vibration direction of the vibrator in the present utility model includes at least two magnets, and the polarities of the adjacent two magnets are opposite, and the winding plane of the driving coil is the same as that of the vibrator.
- the vibration direction is parallel, and the magnetic circuit structure is optimized.
- the copper sheet will generate eddy currents in the changing magnetic field to cut the magnetic induction line, generate a force that hinders the movement of the vibrator, and provide electromagnetic damping for the linear motor vibration, so that the linear motor responds faster when it starts and stops, and it tends faster when it vibrates. To stabilize vibration, and the linear motor assembly is simple and reliable.
- Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the linear motor of the utility model
- Figure 2 is an exploded view 1 of the linear motor of the utility model
- Figure 3 is the second exploded view of the linear motor of the utility model
- Figure 4 is a top view of the linear motor of the utility model
- Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of A-A in Figure 4.
- Figure 6 is a front view of the linear motor of the utility model
- Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of B-B in Figure 6;
- Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mass block of the utility model
- Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the elastic support of the present invention.
- Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the linear motor of the utility model after the cover plate and the limit block are removed when the number of third magnets, iron cores and driving coils are multiple.
- An embodiment of the present invention provides a linear motor.
- the linear motor includes a housing 10, an elastic support 20, a vibrator 30, and a stator 40.
- the housing 10 has an accommodating space 11 and an elastic support 20
- the vibrator 30 and the stator 40 are both contained in the containing space 11, one end of the elastic support 20 is connected to the housing 10, and the other end of the elastic support 20 is connected to the vibrator 30 and the vibrator 30 is suspended in the housing space 11 of the housing 10.
- the vibrator 30 does not directly contact the housing 10, the stator 40 is fixed on the housing 10, and the stator 40 is stationary.
- One of the vibrator 30 and the stator 40 includes a magnetic circuit assembly 31, and the other includes a coil assembly 41.
- the vibrator 30 includes a magnetic circuit assembly 31, and the stator 40 includes a coil assembly 41.
- the stator 40 can drive the vibrator 30 to reciprocate left and right in the horizontal direction, so that the linear motor realizes vibration.
- the vibrator 30 further includes a mass 32 that fixes the magnetic circuit assembly 31.
- the mass 32 is connected to the elastic support 20 and is suspended in the accommodating space through the elastic support 20 In 11, the middle position of the mass 32 is perpendicular to the vibration direction of the vibrator 30 with a receiving cavity 321 penetrating the upper and lower ends of the mass 32.
- the mass 32 includes a first side wall 322 that is opposed and spaced apart, and is opposed and spaced apart.
- the first side wall 322 is perpendicular to the second side wall 323, the first side wall 322 and the second side wall 323 are connected end to end to form the receiving cavity 321, and the magnetic circuit assembly 31 is fixed in the receiving cavity In 321, the coil assembly 41 is fixed on the housing 10 and extends into the receiving cavity 321, so as to better drive the vibrator 30 to reciprocate left and right.
- the coil assembly 41 includes two copper sheets 411 arranged on the housing 10 at intervals along the vibration direction of the vertical vibrator 30, an iron core 412 fixed between the two copper sheets 411, and a driving coil 413 sleeved outside the iron core 412, wherein
- the housing 10 is provided with a mounting slot 12 corresponding to the copper sheet 411, the side of the copper sheet 411 away from the vibrator 30 is fixed in the mounting slot 12, the coil assembly 41 is fixed on the housing 10, and the copper sheet 411 and the iron core 412 can be riveted Or other installation methods are fixed and connected.
- the driving coil 413 is in the form of a solenoid, the winding plane of the driving coil 413 is parallel to the vibration direction of the vibrator 30, and the driving coil 413 is stationary relative to the housing 10.
- the magnetic circuit assembly 31 includes magnet parts 311 disposed on both sides of the driving coil 413 along the vibration direction of the vibrator 30, wherein the magnets located on one side of the driving coil 413 along the vibration direction of the vibrator 30
- the portion 311 includes at least two magnets 312, which can be defined as a first magnet 313 and a second magnet 314, respectively, and the polarities of two adjacent magnets 312 are opposite, that is, the first magnet 313
- the polarity of the second magnet 314 is opposite, the two first magnets 313 and the two second magnets 314 are arranged diagonally on both sides of the coil assembly 41, and the orthographic projection of the iron core 412 on the magnet part 311 is located Between two adjacent magnets 312.
- the magnetic circuit assembly 31 also includes a magnetic conductive plate 315 fixed on the side of the magnetic steel 312 away from the coil assembly 41.
- the magnetic conductive plate 315 is sandwiched between the magnet portion 311 and the first side wall 322.
- the first magnetic steel 313 Both the second magnet 314 and the second magnet 314 are fixed on the first side wall 322 through the magnetic conductive plate 315.
- the driving coil 413 Since the driving coil 413 is still, the first magnet 313, the second magnet 314 and the mass 32 belong to the vibrator 30, and the driving coil 413 will drive The vibrator 30, that is, the mass 32 and the magnetic circuit assembly 31 reciprocate left and right in the horizontal direction together.
- the driving coil 413 is arranged along the direction of vibration perpendicular to the vibrator 30, which optimizes the magnetic circuit structure. After the coil assembly 41 is supplied with alternating current, the first magnet 313 and the second magnet 314 will emit magnetic induction lines, and a greater driving force will be generated between the coil assembly 41 and the magnetic circuit assembly 31 to drive the vibrator 30 in the horizontal direction. It reciprocates up and down to drive the linear motor to realize vibration.
- a copper sheet 411 is added to the magnetic circuit.
- the copper sheet 411 will generate eddy currents in the changing magnetic field to cut the magnetic induction lines, generate a force that hinders the movement of the vibrator 30, and provide electromagnetic damping for the linear motor vibration so that the linear motor is The response is faster when stopped, the vibration tends to stabilize faster when vibrating, and the frequency band can be wider.
- the length of the copper sheet 411 along the vibration direction of the vibrator 30 is greater than the outer diameter of the driving coil 413. Since the driving coil 413 and the copper sheet 411 are the stator 40, they are not moving. The mass 32 can move left and right in the horizontal direction. When the copper sheet 411 is large enough, the copper sheet 411 will hit the mass block 32. Therefore, in order to avoid collision between the mass block 32 and the copper sheet 411, The side of the second side wall 323 facing the copper sheet 411 is recessed with a first avoiding groove 324 for avoiding the copper sheet 411.
- the size of the electromagnetic damping is positively related to the volume of the copper sheet 411. Therefore, the copper sheet 411 can be designed to be lengthened, and a first avoidance groove 324 designed to match the copper sheet 411 is correspondingly provided on the mass block 32.
- the number of elastic support members 20 is two, and the two elastic support members 20 are respectively disposed on both sides of the vibrator 30.
- the elastic support member 20 includes a first fixed arm 21 fixed on the housing 10, The second fixed arm 22 is arranged spaced apart from the first fixed arm 21 and fixed on the vibrator 30, and the elastic arm 23 connecting the first fixed arm 21 and the second fixed arm 22, the elastic arm 23 is respectively connected to the first fixed arm 21 and The second fixed arms 22 are respectively arranged and connected at an included angle, and the vibrator 30 is suspended in the accommodating space 11 through the elastic support 20.
- the outer side wall of the mass 32 in the vibrator 30 is provided with a second avoiding groove 325 for avoiding the first fixed arm 21 and a fixing groove for fixing the second fixed arm 22 326.
- the second avoiding groove 325 and the fixing groove 326 are arranged opposite to the two sides of the vibrator 30 to reduce the structural size of the linear motor.
- the linear motor further includes a number of limit blocks 50 located in the accommodating space 11 and fixed on the housing 10 to limit the movement of the vibrator 30, corresponding to the mass 32 of the vibrator 30
- a third escape groove 327 for matching with the limiting block 50 is provided.
- the housing 10 includes a bottom shell 13 and a cover plate 14 connected to the bottom shell 13.
- the bottom shell 13 and the cover plate 14 enclose a containing space 11, the vibrator 30 is located in the bottom shell 13, and two limit blocks 50 are fixed to the side of the cover plate 14 facing the vibrator 30.
- the magnet portion 311 also includes a magnetic member 60 sandwiched between two adjacent magnets 312 on the same side of the driving coil 413 along the vibration direction of the vibrator 30.
- the magnetizing direction of the magnetic member 60 is perpendicular to the magnetizing direction of the magnet 312, Adding a magnetic piece 60 between two adjacent magnets 312 on the same side, that is, adding a magnetic piece 60 between the first magnet 313 and the second magnet 314, can increase the level of the first magnet 313 and the second magnet 314
- the characteristics of magnetization enclose the two first magnets 313 and the two second magnets 314 to form a magnetic circuit, which further improves the force of the vibrator 30 and significantly increases the driving force of the linear motor.
- the iron core 412 and the magnetic part 60 are directly opposite, and the magnetic parts 60 are respectively arranged on both sides of the coil assembly 41 along the vibration direction perpendicular to the vibrator 30.
- the magnetic parts 60 on the same side of the coil assembly 41 and the iron core 412 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence.
- the iron core 412 is arranged side by side between the two copper sheets 411 along the vibration direction of the vibrator 30, and each driving coil 413 is sleeved outside the corresponding iron core 412 to form a stable magnetic circuit.
- each iron core 412 is arranged side by side between the two copper sheets 411 along the vibration direction of the vibrator 30, and each driving coil 413 is sleeved outside the corresponding iron core 412.
- the linear motor of the present invention can be provided with multiple drive coils 413. At this time, the driving force of the linear motor can be further improved, the volume of the copper sheet 411 is increased, and the electromagnetic damping effect is more obvious.
- the optimized magnetic circuit structure can achieve greater driving force (under the SLA1010 structure, the preliminary simulation BL can be increased from 0.6 to 0.68);
- the copper sheet 411 generates eddy currents in the changing magnetic field, which provides electromagnetic damping when the linear motor vibrates, and the damping effect is significant;
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
Abstract
本实用新型提供一种线性电机，包括具有容纳空间的外壳、设置于容纳空间内的弹性支撑件、被弹性支撑件支撑并悬置于外壳内的振子及与外壳固定的定子；振子与定子中的其中一个包括磁路组件，另一个包括线圈组件；线圈组件包括两个沿垂直振子的振动方向间隔设置的铜片、固定于两铜片之间的铁芯及套设于铁芯外的驱动线圈，驱动线圈的绕线平面与振子的振动方向平行；磁路组件包括设置于驱动线圈沿振子的振动方向两侧的磁体部，位于驱动线圈沿振子的振动方向单侧的磁体部包括至少两个磁钢，且相邻两磁钢的极性相反，铁芯在磁体部上的正投影位于相邻两磁钢之间。本实用新型铜片会产生涡流阻碍振子运动，为线性电机振动提供电磁阻尼，使其响应更快。
Description
本实用新型涉及电机技术领域，尤其涉及一种线性电机。
现有市场上的线性电机都是螺线管磁路组件，驱动力较小，通过泡棉提供系统阻尼，以使得线性电机在启动、停止振动时响应快，更快地趋于稳定振动。
但是，由于泡棉自动化工艺仍未成熟，导致泡棉的装配复杂，系统阻尼稳定性较差，从而造成线性电机的驱动力未充分发挥。
因此，有必要提供一种新的线性电机以解决上述问题。
发明概述
本实用新型的目的在于提供一种驱动力大、且系统阻尼稳定性好的线性电机。
问题的解决方案
本实用新型的技术方案如下：
为了实现上述目的，本实用新型提供了一种线性电机，所述线性电机包括具有容纳空间的外壳、设置于所述容纳空间内的弹性支撑件、被所述弹性支撑件支撑并悬置于所述外壳内的振子及与所述外壳固定的定子；所述振子与所述定子中的其中一个包括磁路组件，另一个包括线圈组件；所述线圈组件包括两个沿垂直所述振子的振动方向间隔设置的铜片、固定于两所述铜片之间的铁芯及套设于所述铁芯外的驱动线圈，所述驱动线圈的绕线平面与所述振子的振动方向平行；所述磁路组件包括设置于所述驱动线圈沿所述振子的振动方向两侧的磁体部，其中，位于所述驱动线圈沿所述振子的振动方向单侧的所述磁体部包括至少两个磁钢，且相邻两所述磁钢的极性相反，所述铁芯在所述磁体部上的正投影位于相邻两所述磁钢之间。
作为一种改进方式，所述磁钢沿垂直于所述振子的振动方向充磁。
作为一种改进方式，所述磁体部还包括夹设在位于所述驱动线圈沿所述振子的振动方向同侧相邻两所述磁钢之间的磁性件，所述磁性件的充磁方向与所述磁钢的充磁方向垂直。
作为一种改进方式，所述磁路组件还包括固定在所述磁钢远离所述线圈组件一侧的导磁板。
作为一种改进方式，所述振子包括所述磁路组件以及固定所述磁路组件的质量块，所述弹性支撑件与质量块连接，所述质量块沿垂直于所述振子的振动方向开设有收容腔，所述质量块包括相对且间隔设置的第一侧壁及相对且间隔设置的第二侧壁，所述第一侧壁和所述第二侧壁首尾相连接围成所述收容腔，所述磁路组件固定于所述收容腔内，所述线圈组件固定于所述外壳并延伸至所述收容腔内，所述导磁板夹设于所述磁体部及所述第一侧壁之间。
作为一种改进方式，所述铜片沿所述振子的振动方向的长度大于所述驱动线圈的外径，所述第二侧壁之朝向所述铜片的一侧凹设有用于避让所述铜片的第一避让槽。
作为一种改进方式，所述铁芯与所述磁性件正对，且所述磁性件分别设于所述线圈组件沿垂直于所述振子的振动方向的两侧，位于所述线圈组件同一侧的所述磁性件与所述铁芯一一对应设置，所述铁芯沿所述振子的振动方向并排设于两所述铜片之间，各所述驱动线圈套设于相对应的所述铁芯外。
作为一种改进方式，所述弹性支撑件包括固定于所述外壳上的第一固定臂、与所述第一固定臂间隔设置且固定于所述振子上的第二固定臂、以及连接所述第一固定臂与所述第二固定臂的弹力臂。
作为一种改进方式，所述振子设有用于避让所述第一固定臂的第二避让槽以及用于固定所述第二固定臂的固定槽，所述第二避让槽和所述固定槽相背设于所述振子的两侧。
作为一种改进方式，所述线性电机还包括若干个位于所述容纳空间内以限制所述振子移动的限位块，所述振子上对应设有用于与所述限位块相配合的第三避让槽。
作为一种改进方式，所述外壳包括底壳及与所述底壳相连接的盖板，所述底壳 和所述盖板围合形成所述容纳空间，所述振子位于所述底壳内，两所述限位块都固定于所述盖板之朝向所述振子的一侧。
作为一种改进方式，所述线圈组件固定于所述外壳，所述外壳对应所述铜片开设有安装槽，所述铜片远离所述振子的一侧固定于所述安装槽。
发明的有益效果
本实用新型的有益效果为：
与现有技术相比，本实用新型中位于驱动线圈沿振子的振动方向单侧的磁体部包括至少两个磁钢，且相邻两磁钢的极性相反，驱动线圈的绕线平面与振子的振动方向平行，优化了磁路结构，在线圈组件通入交变电流后，两侧的磁体部上的磁钢都会发出磁感应线，线圈组件和磁路组件间会产生更大的往复驱动力以驱动振子在水平方向上左右往复运动，驱动线性电机实现振动；
铜片在变化的磁场中会产生涡流以切割磁感应线，产生阻碍振子运动的力，为线性电机振动提供电磁阻尼，以使得线性电机在启动、停止时响应更快，振动时能更快地趋于稳定振动，而且该线性电机装配简单、可靠。
对附图的简要说明
图1为本实用新型的线性电机的整体结构示意图；
图2为本实用新型的线性电机的分解图一；
图3为本实用新型的线性电机的分解图二；
图4为本实用新型的线性电机的俯视图；
图5为图4中A-A的剖视图；
图6为本实用新型的线性电机的正视图；
图7为图6中B-B的剖视图；
图8为本实用新型的质量块的结构示意图；
图9为本实用新型的弹性支撑件的结构示意图；
图10为本实用新型的线性电机中第三磁钢、铁芯和驱动线圈数量为多个时，线性电机除去盖板和限位块后的结构示意图。
附图标号：
10、外壳；11、容纳空间；12、安装槽；13、底壳；14、盖板；20、弹性支撑件；21、第一固定臂；22、第二固定臂；23、弹力臂；30、振子；31、磁路组件；311、磁体部；312、磁钢；313、第一磁钢；314、第二磁钢；315、导磁板；32、质量块；321、收容腔；322、第一侧壁；323、第二侧壁；324、第一避让槽；325、第二避让槽；326、固定槽；327、第三避让槽；40、定子；41、线圈组件；411、铜片；412、铁芯；413、驱动线圈；50、限位块；60、磁性件。
发明实施例
为了使本实用新型的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本实用新型进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本实用新型，并不用于限定本实用新型。基于本实用新型中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本实用新型保护的范围。
本实用新型的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“第四”等(如果存在)是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的内容以外的顺序实施。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
需要说明的是，在本实用新型中涉及“第一”、“第二”等的描述仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示其相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。另外，各个实施例之间的技术方案可以相互结合，但是必须是以本领域普通技术人员能够实现为基础，当技术方案的结合出现相互矛盾或无法实现时应当认为这种技术方案的结合不存在，也不在本实用新型要求的保护范围之内。
请一并参阅图1至图5，本实用新型实施例提供了一种线性电机，线性电机包括外壳10、弹性支撑件20、振子30及定子40，外壳10具有容纳空间11，弹性支撑件20、振子30及定子40都收容于容纳空间11内，弹性支撑件20的一端与外壳10连接，弹性支撑件20的另一端与振子30连接并将振子30悬置于外壳10的容纳空间11内，振子30不直接与外壳10接触，定子40固定在外壳10上，定子40静止不动。
振子30与定子40中的其中一个包括磁路组件31，另一个包括线圈组件41，本实施例中振子30包括磁路组件31，定子40包括线圈组件41，当定子40上的线圈组件41通入交变电流后，定子40可驱动振子30在水平方向上左右往复移动，以使得所述线性电机实现振动。
请参阅图3、图6至图8，本实施例中，振子30还包括固定磁路组件31的质量块32，质量块32与弹性支撑件20连接并通过弹性支撑件20悬置于容纳空间11内，质量块32的中部位置沿垂直于振子30的振动方向开设有贯穿质量块32上下两端面的收容腔321，质量块32包括相对且间隔设置的第一侧壁322及相对且间隔设置的第二侧壁323，第一侧壁322垂直于第二侧壁323，第一侧壁322和第二侧壁323首尾相连接围成所述收容腔321，磁路组件31固定于收容腔321内，线圈组件41固定于外壳10上并延伸至收容腔321内，以便于更好的驱动振子30作左右往复运动。
线圈组件41包括两个沿垂直振子30的振动方向间隔设置于外壳10上的铜片411、固定于两铜片411之间的铁芯412及套设于铁芯412外的驱动线圈413，其中，外壳10对应铜片411开设有安装槽12，铜片411远离振子30的一侧固定于安装槽12内，线圈组件41固定于外壳10上，铜片411和铁芯412之间可以通过铆接或别的安装方式固定连接，相较于原有的泡棉工艺，铜片411与铁芯412之间的装配方式比较成熟，可以实现自动化。驱动线圈413采用螺线管形式，驱动线圈413的绕线平面与振子30的振动方向平行，驱动线圈413相对于外壳10是静止不动的。
请参阅图2、图3和图7，磁路组件31包括设置于驱动线圈413沿振子30的振动方向两侧的磁体部311，其中，位于驱动线圈413沿振子30的振动方向单侧的磁体部311包括至少两个磁钢312，这两个磁钢312可分别定义为第一磁钢313和第二 磁钢314，且相邻两磁钢312的极性相反，即第一磁钢313和第二磁钢314的极性相反，两第一磁钢313和两第二磁钢314都呈对角分布设于线圈组件41的两侧，铁芯412在磁体部311上的正投影位于相邻两磁钢312之间。
磁路组件31还包括固定在磁钢312远离线圈组件41一侧的导磁板315，导磁板315夹设于磁体部311及第一侧壁322之间，具体地，第一磁钢313和第二磁钢314都通过导磁板315固定于第一侧壁322上，当驱动线圈413通入交变电流后，磁钢312沿垂直于振子30的振动方向充磁，铁芯412和第一磁钢313与第二磁钢314之间就会产生磁场，由于驱动线圈413静止不动，第一磁钢313、第二磁钢314和质量块32属于振子30，驱动线圈413将驱动振子30即质量块32和磁路组件31一起在水平方向上左右往复运动。
在驱动线圈413的端部并列放置两个极性不同的磁钢312即第一磁钢313和第二磁钢314，驱动线圈413沿垂直于振子30的振动方向设置，优化了磁路结构，在线圈组件41通入交变电流后，第一磁钢313和第二磁钢314会发出磁感应线，线圈组件41和磁路组件31间将产生更大的驱动力以驱动振子30在水平方向上左右往复运动，驱动线性电机实现振动。
而且，在磁路中增加铜片411，铜片411在变化的磁场中会产生涡流以切割磁感应线，产生阻碍振子30运动的力，为线性电机振动提供电磁阻尼，以使得线性电机在启动、停止时响应更快，振动时能更快地趋于稳定振动，而且频带可以更宽。
请参阅图7和图8，作为优选地实施方式，铜片411沿振子30的振动方向的长度大于驱动线圈413的外径，由于驱动线圈413和铜片411是定子40，是不动的，质量块32可在水平方向上左右移动，当铜片411足够大时，铜片411将会撞击到质量块32，因此，为了避免质量块32与铜片411间发生碰撞，在质量块32的第二侧壁323之朝向铜片411的一侧凹设有用于避让铜片411的第一避让槽324。
本实施例中，电磁阻尼的大小与铜片411体积正相关，因此，可加长设计铜片411，并在质量块32上对应设置设计与铜片411相配合的第一避让槽324。
请参阅图7和图9，弹性支撑件20的数量为两个，两个弹性支撑件20分别设置于振子30的两侧，弹性支撑件20包括固定于外壳10上的第一固定臂21、与第一固 定臂21间隔设置且固定于振子30上的第二固定臂22、以及连接第一固定臂21与第二固定臂22的弹力臂23，弹力臂23分别与第一固定臂21和第二固定臂22分别成夹角设置连接，通过弹性支撑件20以将振子30悬置于容纳空间11内。
请参阅7和图8，作为优选地实施方式，振子30中质量块32的外侧壁上设有用于避让第一固定臂21的第二避让槽325以及用于固定第二固定臂22的固定槽326，第二避让槽325和固定槽326相背设于振子30的两侧，以缩小线性电机的结构尺寸。
请参阅图4和图5，作为优选地实施方式，线性电机还包括若干个位于容纳空间11内且固定于外壳10上以限制振子30移动的限位块50，振子30的质量块32上对应设有用于与限位块50相配合的第三避让槽327。
作为优选地实施方式，外壳10包括底壳13及与底壳13相连接的盖板14，底壳13和盖板14围合形成容纳空间11，振子30位于底壳13内，两限位块50都固定于盖板14之朝向振子30的一侧。
磁体部311还包括夹设在位于驱动线圈413沿振子30的振动方向同侧相邻两磁钢312之间的磁性件60，磁性件60的充磁方向与磁钢312的充磁方向垂直，在同侧相邻两磁钢312之间增加磁性件60，即在第一磁钢313和第二磁钢314之间增加磁性件60，可增加第一磁钢313和第二磁钢314水平充磁的特性，将两第一磁钢313和两第二磁钢314围合形成一个磁回路，进一步提升振子30的受力，显著增加线性电机的驱动力。
铁芯412与磁性件60正对，且磁性件60分别设于线圈组件41沿垂直于振子30的振动方向的两侧，位于线圈组件41同一侧的磁性件60与铁芯412一一对应设置，铁芯412沿振子30的振动方向并排设于两铜片411之间，各驱动线圈413套设于相对应的铁芯412外，以形成稳定的磁回路。
请参阅图10，当驱动线圈413、铁芯412和磁性件60的数量为多个时，各磁性件60分别设于线圈组件41的两侧并都位于第一磁钢313与第二磁钢314之间，各铁芯412都沿振子30的振动方向并排设于两铜片411之间，各驱动线圈413套设于相对应的铁芯412外。在线性电机尺寸允许的情况下，本实用新型的线性电机可设置多个驱动线圈413，此时线性电机的驱动力可进一步提升，铜片411体积增加 ，电磁阻尼效果也更明显。
本实用新型中的线性电机具有以下优点：
1、优化的磁路结构可实现较大的驱动力(SLA1010结构下，初步仿真BL可由0.6提升至0.68)；
2、铜片411在变化的磁场中产生涡流，为线性电机振动时提供电磁阻尼，阻尼效果显著；
3、线性电机装配简单、可靠。
以上所述的仅是本实用新型的实施方式，在此应当指出，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本实用新型创造构思的前提下，还可以做出改进，但这些均属于本实用新型的保护范围。
Claims (12)
- 一种线性电机，所述线性电机包括具有容纳空间的外壳、设置于所述容纳空间内的弹性支撑件、被所述弹性支撑件支撑并悬置于所述外壳内的振子及与所述外壳固定的定子；所述振子与所述定子中的其中一个包括磁路组件，另一个包括线圈组件；其特征在于：所述线圈组件包括两个沿垂直所述振子的振动方向间隔设置的铜片、固定于两所述铜片之间的铁芯及套设于所述铁芯外的驱动线圈，所述驱动线圈的绕线平面与所述振子的振动方向平行；所述磁路组件包括设置于所述驱动线圈沿所述振子的振动方向两侧的磁体部，其中，位于所述驱动线圈沿所述振子的振动方向单侧的所述磁体部包括至少两个磁钢，且相邻两所述磁钢的极性相反，所述铁芯在所述磁体部上的正投影位于相邻两所述磁钢之间。
- 如权利要求1所述的线性电机，其特征在于，所述磁钢沿垂直于所述振子的振动方向充磁。
- 如权利要求1所述的线性电机，其特征在于，所述磁体部还包括夹设在位于所述驱动线圈沿所述振子的振动方向同侧相邻两所述磁钢之间的磁性件，所述磁性件的充磁方向与所述磁钢的充磁方向垂直。
- 如权利要求1所述的线性电机，其特征在于，所述磁路组件还包括固定在所述磁钢远离所述线圈组件一侧的导磁板。
- 如权利要求3或4所述的线性电机，其特征在于，所述振子包括所述磁路组件以及固定所述磁路组件的质量块，所述弹性支撑件与质量块连接，所述质量块沿垂直于所述振子的振动方向开设有收容腔，所述质量块包括相对且间隔设置的第一侧壁及相对且间隔设置的第二侧壁，所述第一侧壁和所述第二侧壁首尾相连接围成所述收容腔，所述磁路组件固定于所述收容腔内，所述线圈组件固定于所述外壳并延伸至所述收容腔内，所述导磁板夹设于所述 磁体部及所述第一侧壁之间。
- 如权利要求5所述的线性电机，其特征在于，所述铜片沿所述振子的振动方向的长度大于所述驱动线圈的外径，所述第二侧壁之朝向所述铜片的一侧凹设有用于避让所述铜片的第一避让槽。
- 如权利要求3所述的线性电机，其特征在于，所述铁芯与所述磁性件正对，且所述磁性件分别设于所述线圈组件沿垂直于所述振子的振动方向的两侧，位于所述线圈组件同一侧的所述磁性件与所述铁芯一一对应设置，所述铁芯沿所述振子的振动方向并排设于两所述铜片之间，各所述驱动线圈套设于相对应的所述铁芯外。
- 如权利要求1所述的线性电机，其特征在于，所述弹性支撑件包括固定于所述外壳上的第一固定臂、与所述第一固定臂间隔设置且固定于所述振子上的第二固定臂、以及连接所述第一固定臂与所述第二固定臂的弹力臂。
- 如权利要求8所述的线性电机，其特征在于，所述振子设有用于避让所述第一固定臂的第二避让槽以及用于固定所述第二固定臂的固定槽，所述第二避让槽和所述固定槽相背设于所述振子的两侧。
- 如权利要求1所述的线性电机，其特征在于，所述线性电机还包括若干个位于所述容纳空间内以限制所述振子移动的限位块，所述振子上对应设有用于与所述限位块相配合的第三避让槽。
- 如权利要求10所述的线性电机，其特征在于，所述外壳包括底壳及与所述底壳相连接的盖板，所述底壳和所述盖板围合形成所述容纳空间，所述振子位于所述底壳内，两所述限位块都固定于所述盖板之朝向所述振子的一侧。
- 如权利要求5所述的线性电机，其特征在于，所述线圈组件固定于所述外壳，所述外壳对应所述铜片开设有安装槽，所述铜片远离所述振子的一侧固定于所述安装槽。
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