WO2020259131A1 - Water cooling unit and control method - Google Patents

Water cooling unit and control method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020259131A1
WO2020259131A1 PCT/CN2020/091093 CN2020091093W WO2020259131A1 WO 2020259131 A1 WO2020259131 A1 WO 2020259131A1 CN 2020091093 W CN2020091093 W CN 2020091093W WO 2020259131 A1 WO2020259131 A1 WO 2020259131A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pressure
exhaust
gas
outlet
port
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/091093
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王书森
王铁伟
邓善营
殷志文
张捷
孟庆超
Original Assignee
青岛海尔空调电子有限公司
海尔智家股份有限公司
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Application filed by 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司, 海尔智家股份有限公司 filed Critical 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司
Publication of WO2020259131A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020259131A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B7/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with cascade operation, i.e. with two or more circuits, the heat from the condenser of one circuit being absorbed by the evaporator of the next circuit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F25B1/10—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with multi-stage compression
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to a heat pump system, and specifically relates to a chiller.
  • Two-stage compression refrigeration cycles are widely used in some refrigeration compressors.
  • the existing heat pump system adopts the method of intermediate gas supplementation. Specifically, the liquid from the condenser is separated from the gas and liquid, and the separated gas is used as the intermediate gas supplement to directly enter the high pressure chamber of the compressor; the separated liquid enters the evaporation
  • the evaporator evaporates and absorbs cold energy, and the low pressure vapor from the evaporator enters the low pressure cavity of the compressor. Because the gaseous refrigerant from the outlet of the evaporator is usually in a slightly liquid state, the compressor will increase power consumption when compressed by liquid, especially for centrifugal refrigeration compressors. Liquid compression will easily penetrate the blades of the impeller and directly damage the compressor. The key components of the compressor reduce the operating reliability of the compressor and shorten its service life.
  • the current heat pump system has a low degree of subcooling of the refrigerant liquid at the outlet of the gas-liquid separation device, which causes part of the liquid in front of the throttling device to vaporize, and there is a technical problem that the unit cooling capacity drops and the expansion valve does not work properly.
  • the present invention proposes a chiller to solve the above problems.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions to achieve it.
  • a chiller includes: a compressor, which includes a first-stage compression chamber and a second-stage compression chamber that are communicated, and the compressor has an air suction port and a low-pressure supplementary port that are connected to the first-stage compression chamber, respectively, and The intermediate pressure air supplement port and the exhaust port communicated with the secondary compression chamber.
  • the condenser has a condensation inlet and a condensation outlet, and the condensation inlet is connected with the exhaust port.
  • the heat exchanger has a heat absorption channel and a heat release channel.
  • the evaporator has an evaporation inlet and an evaporation outlet, and the evaporation outlet is connected with the suction port.
  • a gas-liquid separation device which has a liquid inlet, a first outlet, and a second outlet, the liquid inlet is connected to the condensation outlet, the first outlet is connected to the medium pressure supplementary gas port, and the second outlet Connected to the inlet of the heat release channel, one of the outlets of the heat release channel is connected to the evaporation inlet, and the other is connected to the inlet of the heat absorption channel through a throttling element, and the outlet of the heat absorption channel is connected to the heat absorption channel. Connect to the low-pressure air supply port.
  • a first-level throttling device is provided between the condenser and the gas-liquid separation device.
  • a secondary throttling device is arranged between the gas-liquid separation device and the evaporator.
  • a first liquid level detection device is provided in the condenser.
  • the gas-liquid separation device is provided with a second liquid level detection device.
  • the suction port is provided with a suction temperature sensor and a suction pressure sensor.
  • the exhaust port is provided with an exhaust temperature sensor and an exhaust pressure sensor.
  • the low pressure supplemental gas port is provided with a first supplemental gas temperature sensor and a first supplementary gas pressure sensor.
  • the high-pressure air supplement port is provided with a second air supplement temperature sensor and a second air supplement pressure sensor.
  • a flow regulating device is provided between the first outlet and the intermediate pressure supplementary air port.
  • the compressor is a two-stage centrifugal compressor
  • a guide vane is provided at the entrance of the one-stage compression chamber
  • a drive motor is connected to the guide vane.
  • the present invention also proposes a control method of a water chiller, including the aforementioned water chiller, and the control method of the control method of the water chiller is as follows.
  • the liquid level of the condenser is detected, and the opening degree of the primary throttling device is adjusted according to the liquid level of the condenser.
  • the liquid level of the gas-liquid separation device is detected, and the opening degree of the secondary throttling device is adjusted according to the liquid level of the gas-liquid separation device.
  • the compressor protection step includes any combination of the suction pressure protection step, the discharge pressure and discharge temperature protection step, and the discharge superheat protection step.
  • the method for adjusting the opening degree of the secondary throttling device according to the liquid level of the gas-liquid separation device is as follows. When the liquid level of the gas-liquid separation device is lower than the first set value, the opening degree of the secondary throttling device is reduced, and when the liquid level of the gas-liquid separation device is higher than the second set value, the The opening degree of the secondary throttling device, wherein the first setting value is greater than 0, and the second setting value is greater than the first setting value.
  • a flow adjustment device is provided between the first outlet and the intermediate pressure supplementary port, and the control method further includes the step of calculating the inhalation superheat of the intermediate pressure supplemental port, When the popularity is less than 0, perform the following operations.
  • the suction pressure protection step includes: detecting suction pressure, deloading the unit when the suction pressure is lower than the low-pressure warning set value, and shutting down the unit when the suction pressure is lower than the low-pressure protection setting value.
  • Exhaust pressure and exhaust temperature protection steps include: detecting exhaust pressure and exhaust temperature, when the exhaust pressure and exhaust temperature are higher than the high-pressure warning set value, the unit deloads, when the exhaust pressure is higher than the high-pressure protection value The unit shuts down.
  • Exhaust superheat protection steps include: calculating the exhaust superheat, when the exhaust superheat is lower than the exhaust pre-warning setting value, the unit deloads, when the exhaust gas superheat is lower than the exhaust protection setting value, the unit shuts down.
  • Exhaust superheat is the saturation temperature difference between exhaust temperature and exhaust pressure.
  • the chiller of the present invention adds a heat exchanger behind the gas-liquid separation device, so that the refrigerant from the gas-liquid separation device enters the heat release channel of the heat exchanger ,
  • One of the refrigerant flowing out of the heat release channel enters the heat absorption channel of the heat exchanger, absorbs the refrigerant in the heat release channel, vaporizes and evaporates, and becomes a low-pressure gaseous refrigerant through the low-pressure air supply port to supplement the first-stage compression chamber, and the other way enters the evaporation In the evaporator, it absorbs heat and evaporates into a gaseous state and enters the compressor.
  • the refrigerant passes through the heat release channel to release heat before entering the evaporator, it can increase the supercooling degree of the refrigerant before entering the evaporator and improve the unit mass refrigerant cooling Reduce the amount of flash gas before the refrigerant enters the evaporator, adjust the opening of the throttling element according to the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant, and then adjust the amount of refrigerant entering the evaporator to improve the compressor suction liquid.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the chiller proposed by the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a p-h diagram of the chiller in Figure 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the chiller control method proposed by the present invention.
  • this embodiment proposes a chiller, as shown in Figure 1, including a compressor 11, a condenser 12, a heat exchanger 13, a gas-liquid separation device 14, and an evaporator 15.
  • the compressor 11 includes a stage The compression cavity and the secondary compression cavity, the primary compression cavity and the secondary compression cavity are connected, and the primary compression cavity is also connected with an air suction port 112 and a low pressure air supplement port 115, and the secondary compression cavity is also connected with an intermediate pressure air supplement port 114
  • the exhaust port 113, the condenser 12 has a condensation inlet 121 and a condensation outlet 122, the condensation inlet 121 is connected to the exhaust port 113 of the secondary compression chamber;
  • the evaporator 15 has an evaporation inlet 151 and an evaporation outlet 152, and the heat exchanger 13 has The heat absorption channel 131 and the heat release channel 132;
  • the gas-liquid separation device 14 has a liquid inlet 141, a first outlet 142 and a second outlet 143, the
  • the heat absorption channel 131 The outlet is connected to the low-pressure supplementary air port 115, and the evaporation outlet 152 is connected to the suction port 112.
  • the working principle of this chiller is: the low-pressure steam produced in the evaporator 15 is first sucked into the first-stage compression chamber by the compressor 11.
  • the first-stage compression chamber compresses the steam to an intermediate pressure, and then enters the second-stage compression chamber to be further compressed to the condensing pressure p k, It then enters the condenser 12 and is condensed into liquid.
  • the refrigerant from the condenser 12 enters the gas-liquid separation device 14 for gas-liquid separation.
  • the separated medium-pressure gas is used as intermediate supplementary gas, enters the intermediate-pressure supplementary port, and merges with the exhaust from the first-stage compression chamber to enter the second-stage compression chamber; the liquid refrigerant separated by the gas-liquid separation device 14 enters the heat exchanger to release heat Channel, one of the refrigerant flowing out of the heat release channel enters the heat absorption channel of the heat exchanger, absorbs the refrigerant in the heat release channel, vaporizes and evaporates, becomes a low-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and supplies air to the first-stage compression chamber through the low-pressure air inlet.
  • the pressure and temperature of part of the refrigerant can then adjust the superheat of the refrigerant entering the compressor and improve the compressor suction liquid.
  • the degree of subcooling increases the cooling capacity per unit mass of refrigerant, reduces the flash gas before the refrigerant enters the evaporator, adjusts the opening of the throttling element according to the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant, and then adjusts the amount of refrigerant entering the evaporator to improve the compressor Inhalation with liquid. Compared with the traditional anti-compressor liquid compression solution, this solution has a simple system pipeline layout structure, which is beneficial to reduce costs.
  • the liquid separated by the gas-liquid separation device 14 enters the heat release channel 132 of the heat exchanger 13 to release heat to further reduce its temperature, it is helpful to increase the subcooling degree of the evaporator after entering the evaporator and increase the cooling capacity per unit mass of refrigerant.
  • a small part of the refrigerant from the heat release channel 132 needs to enter the heat absorption channel 131 to absorb the heat of the refrigerant in the heat release channel 132. This part of the refrigerant needs to be further throttled and reduced for vaporization before entering the heat absorption channel 131.
  • a throttle element 18 at the front end of the heat absorption channel 131, it is used to throttle and reduce the pressure of the refrigerant entering the heat absorption channel 131, and the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant flowing out of the heat absorption channel 131 enters the low-pressure supplementary port 115 for Replenish refrigerant for the primary compression cavity to improve its compression energy efficiency.
  • a first-level throttling device 16 is provided between the condenser 12 and the gas-liquid separation device 14, which plays a role of throttling and reducing the pressure of the refrigerant.
  • the high-pressure liquid refrigerant from the condenser 12 is throttled by the first-stage throttling device 16, and the refrigerant pressure drops to the intermediate pressure pm.
  • the refrigerant can be initially reduced in pressure, which is beneficial to the subsequent stage Gas-liquid separation and the amount of refrigerant entering the subsequent stage.
  • the refrigerant includes liquid refrigerant and gas refrigerant that is not fully liquefied in the condenser 12, and part of the liquid refrigerant vaporizes when passing through the first-level throttling device 16, and the mixed refrigerant enters the gas-liquid In the separation device 14, gas-liquid separation is performed.
  • the separated gaseous refrigerant is still at an intermediate pressure state due to the pressure. Therefore, the separated gaseous refrigerant is directly entered into the secondary compression chamber through the air supplement port 114 for compression. After being compressed by the first-stage compression chamber, it directly enters the second-stage compression chamber as intermediate supplementary air, which can reduce the power consumption of the first-stage compression chamber and increase the unit refrigeration capacity, which increases the efficiency of the unit by about 7%.
  • the primary throttling device 16 can be implemented in the form of an electronic expansion valve, an orifice plate, and an electronic expansion valve combined with an orifice plate.
  • the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant entering the gas-liquid separation device 14 can be adjusted by adjusting the opening of the first-stage throttling device 16.
  • a secondary throttling device 17 is provided between the heat exchanger 13 and the evaporator 15.
  • the liquid refrigerant separated by the gas-liquid separation device 14 passes through the heat release channel 132 of the heat exchanger 13 and then is subcooled, and then one of them is throttled to the evaporation pressure p0 by the secondary throttling device 17, and then enters the evaporator 15 to evaporate. Take the cold.
  • the heat release passage 132 of the heat exchanger can increase the degree of subcooling of the refrigerant before entering the secondary throttling device 17, which can increase the cooling capacity per unit mass of refrigerant and reduce the presence of flash gas before the secondary throttling device 17.
  • the secondary throttling device 17 in this embodiment can also be implemented in the form of an electronic expansion valve, an orifice plate, and an electronic expansion valve combined with an orifice plate.
  • the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant entering the evaporator 15 can be adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the secondary throttling device 17.
  • the heat exchanger 13 in this embodiment can be realized by adopting an economizer, for example, a plate-type heat exchanger economizer can be adopted, which is simple to implement and is convenient for docking with products on the market.
  • an economizer for example, a plate-type heat exchanger economizer can be adopted, which is simple to implement and is convenient for docking with products on the market.
  • the gas-liquid separation device in this embodiment can be realized by a flash evaporator.
  • the condenser 12 is provided with a first liquid level detection device 123, which is used for detecting the liquid level of the liquid refrigerant in the condenser 12; detecting the liquid level of the liquid refrigerant in the condenser 12 is used to adjust the opening of the first-stage throttling device 16 For example, when the liquid level of the condenser 12 is lower than the third set value, the opening degree of the first-stage throttling device 16 is reduced, and when the liquid level of the condenser 12 is higher than the fourth set value, it is increased by one The opening degree of the throttle device 16, wherein the third setting value is greater than 0, and the fourth setting value is greater than the third setting value.
  • the gas-liquid separation device 14 is provided with a second liquid level detection device 144, which is used for the liquid level of the liquid refrigerant in the gas-liquid separation device 14. Detecting the liquid level of the liquid refrigerant in the gas-liquid separation device 14 is used to adjust the opening of the secondary throttling device 17. For example, when the liquid level of the gas-liquid separation device 14 is lower than the first set value, the secondary throttle is reduced. The opening degree of the flow device 17, when the liquid level of the gas-liquid separation device 14 is higher than the second setting value, the opening degree of the secondary throttling device 17 is increased.
  • the first setting value is greater than 0, and the second setting value The value is greater than the first set value.
  • the suction port 112 is provided with a suction temperature sensor 21 and a suction pressure sensor 22; it is used to detect suction pressure and suction temperature, and is used for suction protection of the compressor.
  • a suction temperature sensor 21 and a suction pressure sensor 22; it is used to detect suction pressure and suction temperature, and is used for suction protection of the compressor.
  • the exhaust port 113 is provided with an exhaust temperature sensor 23 and an exhaust pressure sensor 24, which are used to detect exhaust pressure and exhaust temperature, and are used for exhaust protection of the compressor.
  • an exhaust temperature sensor 23 and an exhaust pressure sensor 24 which are used to detect exhaust pressure and exhaust temperature, and are used for exhaust protection of the compressor.
  • the value detected by the above sensors can also be used to protect the compressor from overheating and to calculate the exhaust gas superheat.
  • the unit When the exhaust gas superheat is lower than the exhaust pre-warning set value, the unit will reduce load, and when the gas superheat is low When the set value of exhaust protection is stopped, the exhaust superheat is the saturation temperature difference between exhaust temperature and exhaust pressure.
  • the low-pressure supplemental gas port 115 is also provided with a first supplemental gas temperature sensor 25 and a first supplementary gas pressure sensor 26; they are respectively used to detect the temperature and pressure of the low-pressure supplementary gas, and are used to adjust the opening of the throttle element 18 to adapt it System cooling and load balance.
  • the high-pressure supplemental gas port 114 is provided with a second supplemental gas temperature sensor 27 and a second supplementary gas pressure sensor 28. They are used to detect the temperature and pressure of the high-pressure supplementary gas respectively, and are used to adjust the opening degree of the first-stage throttle device 16.
  • a flow adjustment device 28 is provided between the first outlet 142 of the gas-liquid separation device 14 and the intermediate pressure supplementary gas port 114, which is used to control the amount of supplementary gas for the secondary compression chamber, by calculating the intake of the intermediate pressure supplementary gas port 114
  • the degree of superheat when the suction superheat of the intermediate pressure supplementary port is less than 0, the opening degree of the first-level throttle device is reduced, and the opening degree of the second-stage throttle device is increased, and the opening degree of the flow regulating device is reduced Or close.
  • the compressor in this embodiment is a two-stage centrifugal compressor.
  • the inlet of the one-stage compression chamber is provided with a guide vane 116.
  • the guide vane 116 is connected to a drive motor (not shown in the figure), and the drive motor drives and guides
  • the flow sheet 116 moves to adjust the opening of the suction port 112, which can be used to assist the adjustment of the secondary throttling device and control the amount of refrigerant entering the compressor.
  • the compressor of this embodiment uses variable speed as the main capacity control method, and is assisted by the inlet guide vane 116 when necessary.
  • the refrigerant enters the primary compression chamber of the compressor through the suction port in the form of low-pressure and low-temperature superheated steam. Then, by adjusting the opening degree of the guide vane 116, it can assist the compressor control under partial load conditions.
  • the two impellers 29 and 30 are mounted on a common shaft 31.
  • the gaseous refrigerant passes through the primary impeller 29 to increase the velocity energy of the refrigerant, and in the secondary impeller 30 again increases velocity energy to the refrigerant, converts the velocity energy into the final exhaust pressure, and is discharged through the exhaust port 113.
  • the refrigerant enters the condenser 12 in the form of high-pressure superheated steam.
  • the first-stage impeller 19 is provided with a low-pressure gas supplement port 115 facing the inlet side, and a medium-pressure gas supplement port 114 is provided between the first-stage compression chamber and the second-stage compression chamber.
  • the compressor 11 of this embodiment can also be implemented by other compressors with two-stage compression functions, such as a screw compressor unit or a scroll compressor unit.
  • the ph diagram (pressure enthalpy diagram) of the chiller of this embodiment in the figure, 1'-2' represents the compression process of the first-stage compression chamber, and 2'-10-3 represents the first-stage compression chamber
  • 3-4 represents the compression process in the secondary compression chamber
  • 4-6 represents the cooling, condensation and subcooling process in the condenser 12
  • 6 7 represents the throttling process of the primary throttling device 16
  • the refrigerant at 7 o'clock is separated into saturated gas at 10 o'clock
  • the separated liquid is supercooled to 8'o'clock
  • 8'by the heat exchanger 13 -9' denotes the throttling process through the secondary throttling device 17
  • 9'-1' denotes the superheating process after being evaporated and cooled in the evaporator 15 and mixed with the superheated gas in the heat releasing passage 132
  • this embodiment proposes a method for controlling a chiller, which includes the chiller described in the first embodiment.
  • a chiller which includes the chiller described in the first embodiment.
  • the control method of the unit is.
  • the liquid level of the condenser 16 is detected, and the opening degree of the primary throttling device 16 is adjusted according to the liquid level of the condenser 16.
  • the liquid level of the gas-liquid separation device 14 is detected, and the opening degree of the secondary throttling device 17 is adjusted according to the liquid level of the gas-liquid separation device 14.
  • the compressor protection step includes any combination of the suction pressure protection step, the discharge pressure and discharge temperature protection step, and the discharge superheat protection step.
  • the method of adjusting the opening degree of the secondary throttling device 17 according to the liquid level of the gas-liquid separation device 14 is: when the liquid level of the gas-liquid separation device 14 is lower than the first set value, reduce the secondary throttling device 17 Opening degree.
  • reduce the opening degree of the secondary throttling device 17 When the liquid level of the gas-liquid separation device 14 is higher than the second set value, increase the opening degree of the secondary throttling device 17, wherein the first set value is greater than 0, and the second set value is greater than the first set value.
  • Set value the opening degree of the secondary throttling device 1 becomes larger.
  • the throttling device resumes the PID adjustment of the liquid level.
  • the opening degree of the primary throttling device 16 is forced to decrease, and the opening degree of the secondary throttling device 17 becomes larger.
  • the throttling device restores the PID adjustment of the liquid level.
  • Detecting the liquid level of the liquid refrigerant in the condenser 12 is used to adjust the opening of the first-stage throttling device 16.
  • the adjustment method is: when the liquid level of the condenser 12 is lower than the third set value, reduce the first-stage throttling The opening of the device 16, when the liquid level of the condenser 12 is higher than the fourth set value, increase the opening of the first-stage throttling device 16, where the third set value is greater than 0, and the fourth set value is greater than the fourth set value.
  • the opening of the first-level throttling device 16 is adjusted by PID with the detection value of the condenser liquid level, and finally stabilizes.
  • a flow adjusting device 28 is provided between the first outlet 142 and the intermediate pressure supplementary port 117.
  • the control method further includes the step of calculating the inhalation superheat of the intermediate pressure supplementary port.
  • the inspiratory superheat of the intermediate pressure supplementary port is less than 0
  • the throttling device resumes PID adjustment and the flow adjustment device opens.
  • the suction pressure protection step includes: detecting suction pressure, when the suction pressure is lower than the low-pressure warning set value, the unit deloads, and when the suction pressure is lower than the low-pressure protection set value, the unit shuts down;
  • Exhaust pressure and exhaust temperature protection steps include: detecting exhaust pressure and exhaust temperature, when the exhaust pressure and exhaust temperature are higher than the high-pressure warning set value, the unit deloads, when the exhaust pressure is higher than the high-pressure protection value Unit shutdown;
  • exhaust gas superheat protection steps include: calculating the exhaust gas superheat degree, when the exhaust gas superheat degree is lower than the exhaust gas warning setting value, the unit deloads, when the gas superheat degree is lower than the exhaust gas protection setting value, the unit shuts down ,
  • the exhaust superheat is the saturation temperature difference corresponding to the exhaust temperature and the exhaust pressure.
  • the control method of the throttling element 18 is: after the compressor is started, the opening degree of the throttling element 18 is controlled according to the target setting value of the superheat degree of the heat release passage 132 (default 8° C.).

Abstract

Disclosed is a water cooling unit, comprising: a compressor, wherein the compressor comprises a primary compression cavity and a secondary compression cavity communicating with each other, and has a gas suction port, a low-pressure gas supply port, an intermediate-pressure gas supply port, and a gas discharging port; a condenser having a condensation inlet and a condensation outlet; a heat exchanger having a heat absorption channel and a heat discharging channel; an evaporator having an evaporation inlet and an evaporation outlet, wherein the evaporation outlet is connected to the gas suction port; and a gas-liquid separator having a liquid inlet, a first outlet, and a second outlet, wherein the first outlet is connected to the intermediate-pressure gas supply port, and the second outlet is connected to an inlet of the heat discharging channel. One path from an outlet of the heat discharging channel is connected to the evaporation inlet, and the other path is connected to an inlet of the heat absorption channel. In the water cooling unit of the invention, before entering the evaporator, a refrigerant passes through the heat discharging channel so as to discharge heat, thereby increasing the degree of supercooling of the refrigerant before the refrigerant enters the evaporator, increasing a cooling capacity per unit mass of the refrigerant, reducing flash gas in the refrigerant before same enters the evaporator, and decreasing a pressure and the temperature of the refrigerant.

Description

一种冷水机组及控制方法Water chiller and control method 技术领域Technical field
本发明属于热泵系统，具体地说，涉及一种冷水机组。The invention belongs to a heat pump system, and specifically relates to a chiller.
背景技术Background technique
两级压缩制冷循环在一些制冷压缩机中具有广泛应用。现有的热泵系统构成采用中间补气的方式，具体地讲，从冷凝器出来的液体进行气液分离，分离出来的气体作为中间补气直接进入压缩机的高压腔；分离出来的液体进入蒸发器中蒸发，吸取冷量，蒸发器出来的低压蒸气进入压缩机的低压腔。由于从蒸发器出气口的气态冷媒，通常都处于轻微带液的状态，压缩机液压缩时会增加功耗，特别是离心式制冷压缩机，液压缩容易打穿叶轮的叶片，直接损坏压缩机的关键零部件，降低了压缩机运行可靠性，缩短了其使用寿命。Two-stage compression refrigeration cycles are widely used in some refrigeration compressors. The existing heat pump system adopts the method of intermediate gas supplementation. Specifically, the liquid from the condenser is separated from the gas and liquid, and the separated gas is used as the intermediate gas supplement to directly enter the high pressure chamber of the compressor; the separated liquid enters the evaporation The evaporator evaporates and absorbs cold energy, and the low pressure vapor from the evaporator enters the low pressure cavity of the compressor. Because the gaseous refrigerant from the outlet of the evaporator is usually in a slightly liquid state, the compressor will increase power consumption when compressed by liquid, especially for centrifugal refrigeration compressors. Liquid compression will easily penetrate the blades of the impeller and directly damage the compressor. The key components of the compressor reduce the operating reliability of the compressor and shorten its service life.
此外，目前的热泵系统从气液分离装置出口冷媒液体过冷度很小，导致节流装置前部分液体汽化，存在单位制冷量下降、膨胀阀不能正常工作的技术问题。In addition, the current heat pump system has a low degree of subcooling of the refrigerant liquid at the outlet of the gas-liquid separation device, which causes part of the liquid in front of the throttling device to vaporize, and there is a technical problem that the unit cooling capacity drops and the expansion valve does not work properly.
技术问题technical problem
本发明针对现有技术中从蒸发器出气口排出的冷媒包含液态，增加功耗，容易损坏压缩机的技术问题，提出了一种冷水机组，可以解决上述问题。Aiming at the technical problem that the refrigerant discharged from the air outlet of the evaporator in the prior art contains liquid, which increases power consumption and is easy to damage the compressor, the present invention proposes a chiller to solve the above problems.
技术解决方案Technical solutions
为实现上述发明目的，本发明采用下述技术方案予以实现。In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions to achieve it.
一种冷水机组，包括： 压缩机，其包括相连通的一级压缩腔和二级压缩腔，所述压缩机具有分别与所述一级压缩腔连通的吸气口和低压补气口、分别与所述二级压缩腔连通的中压补气口和排气口。A chiller includes: a compressor, which includes a first-stage compression chamber and a second-stage compression chamber that are communicated, and the compressor has an air suction port and a low-pressure supplementary port that are connected to the first-stage compression chamber, respectively, and The intermediate pressure air supplement port and the exhaust port communicated with the secondary compression chamber.
冷凝器，其具有冷凝入口和冷凝出口，所述冷凝入口与所述排气口连接。The condenser has a condensation inlet and a condensation outlet, and the condensation inlet is connected with the exhaust port.
换热器，其具有吸热通道和放热通道。The heat exchanger has a heat absorption channel and a heat release channel.
蒸发器，其具有蒸发入口和蒸发出口，所述蒸发出口与所述吸气口连接。The evaporator has an evaporation inlet and an evaporation outlet, and the evaporation outlet is connected with the suction port.
气液分离装置，其具有进液口、第一出口和第二出口，所述进液口与所述冷凝出口连接，所述第一出口与所述中压补气口连接，所述第二出口与所述放热通道的进口连接，所述放热通道出口其中一路与所述蒸发入口连接，另外一路通过节流元件与所述吸热通道的进口连接，所述吸热通道的出口与所述低压补气口连接。A gas-liquid separation device, which has a liquid inlet, a first outlet, and a second outlet, the liquid inlet is connected to the condensation outlet, the first outlet is connected to the medium pressure supplementary gas port, and the second outlet Connected to the inlet of the heat release channel, one of the outlets of the heat release channel is connected to the evaporation inlet, and the other is connected to the inlet of the heat absorption channel through a throttling element, and the outlet of the heat absorption channel is connected to the heat absorption channel. Connect to the low-pressure air supply port.
进一步的，所述冷凝器与所述气液分离装置之间设置有一级节流装置。Further, a first-level throttling device is provided between the condenser and the gas-liquid separation device.
所述气液分离装置与所述蒸发器之间设置有二级节流装置。A secondary throttling device is arranged between the gas-liquid separation device and the evaporator.
进一步的，所述冷凝器中设置有第一液位检测装置。Further, a first liquid level detection device is provided in the condenser.
所述气液分离装置中设置有第二液位检测装置。The gas-liquid separation device is provided with a second liquid level detection device.
进一步的，所述吸气口设置有吸气温度传感器和吸气压力传感器。Further, the suction port is provided with a suction temperature sensor and a suction pressure sensor.
所述排气口设置有排气温度传感器和排气压力传感器。The exhaust port is provided with an exhaust temperature sensor and an exhaust pressure sensor.
所述低压补气口设置有第一补气温度传感器和第一补气压力传感器。The low pressure supplemental gas port is provided with a first supplemental gas temperature sensor and a first supplementary gas pressure sensor.
所述高压补气口设置有第二补气温度传感器和第二补气压力传感器。The high-pressure air supplement port is provided with a second air supplement temperature sensor and a second air supplement pressure sensor.
进一步的，所述第一出口和所述中压补气口之间设置有流量调节装置。Further, a flow regulating device is provided between the first outlet and the intermediate pressure supplementary air port.
进一步的，所述压缩机为双级离心式压缩机，所述一级压缩腔的入口部位设置有导流片，所述导流片连接有驱动电机。Further, the compressor is a two-stage centrifugal compressor, a guide vane is provided at the entrance of the one-stage compression chamber, and a drive motor is connected to the guide vane.
本发明同时提出了一种冷水机组的控制方法，包括前面所记载的冷水机组，该冷水机组的控制方法的控制方法为。The present invention also proposes a control method of a water chiller, including the aforementioned water chiller, and the control method of the control method of the water chiller is as follows.
检测所述冷凝器的液位，并根据所述冷凝器的液位调节所述一级节流装置的开度。The liquid level of the condenser is detected, and the opening degree of the primary throttling device is adjusted according to the liquid level of the condenser.
检测所述气液分离装置的液位，并根据所述气液分离装置的液位调节所述二级节流装置的开度。The liquid level of the gas-liquid separation device is detected, and the opening degree of the secondary throttling device is adjusted according to the liquid level of the gas-liquid separation device.
压缩机保护步骤，包括吸气压力保护步骤、排气压力及排气温度保护步骤和排气过热度保护步骤的任意组合。The compressor protection step includes any combination of the suction pressure protection step, the discharge pressure and discharge temperature protection step, and the discharge superheat protection step.
进一步的，根据所述气液分离装置的液位调节所述二级节流装置的开度的方法为。当气液分离装置的液位低于第一设定值时，减小所述二级节流装置的开度，当气液分离装置的液位高于第二设定值时，增加所述二级节流装置的开度，其中，第一设定值大于0，第二设定值大于第一设定值。Further, the method for adjusting the opening degree of the secondary throttling device according to the liquid level of the gas-liquid separation device is as follows. When the liquid level of the gas-liquid separation device is lower than the first set value, the opening degree of the secondary throttling device is reduced, and when the liquid level of the gas-liquid separation device is higher than the second set value, the The opening degree of the secondary throttling device, wherein the first setting value is greater than 0, and the second setting value is greater than the first setting value.
进一步的，所述第一出口和所述中压补气口之间设置有流量调节装置，所述控制方法还包括计算中压补气口的吸气过热度的步骤，当中压补气口的吸气过热度小于0时，执行以下操作。Further, a flow adjustment device is provided between the first outlet and the intermediate pressure supplementary port, and the control method further includes the step of calculating the inhalation superheat of the intermediate pressure supplemental port, When the popularity is less than 0, perform the following operations.
减小所述一级节流装置开度，并且增加所述二级节流装置的开度，将所述流量调节装置的开度减小或者关闭。Decrease the opening degree of the primary throttling device, increase the opening degree of the secondary throttling device, and reduce or close the opening degree of the flow regulating device.
进一步的，吸气压力保护步骤包括：检测吸气压力，当吸气压力低于低压预警设定值时机组减载，当吸气压力低于低压保护设定值时机组停机。Further, the suction pressure protection step includes: detecting suction pressure, deloading the unit when the suction pressure is lower than the low-pressure warning set value, and shutting down the unit when the suction pressure is lower than the low-pressure protection setting value.
排气压力及排气温度保护步骤包括：检测排气压力和排气温度，当排气压力及排气温度高于高压预警设定值时机组减载，当排气压力高于高压保护值时机组停机。Exhaust pressure and exhaust temperature protection steps include: detecting exhaust pressure and exhaust temperature, when the exhaust pressure and exhaust temperature are higher than the high-pressure warning set value, the unit deloads, when the exhaust pressure is higher than the high-pressure protection value The unit shuts down.
排气过热度保护步骤包括：计算排气过热度，当排气过热度低于排气预警设定值时机组减载，当气过热度低于排气保护设定值时机组停机，所述排气过热度为排气温度和排气压力对应的饱和温度差值。Exhaust superheat protection steps include: calculating the exhaust superheat, when the exhaust superheat is lower than the exhaust pre-warning setting value, the unit deloads, when the exhaust gas superheat is lower than the exhaust protection setting value, the unit shuts down. Exhaust superheat is the saturation temperature difference between exhaust temperature and exhaust pressure.
有益效果Beneficial effect
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点和积极效果是：本发明的冷水机组通过在气液分离装置后面增加换热器，使得从气液分离装置出来的冷媒进入换热器的放热通道，从放热通道流出的冷媒其中一路进入换热器的吸热通道，吸收放热通道中的冷媒汽化蒸发，变成低压气态冷媒通过低压补气口为一级压缩腔补气，另外一路进入蒸发器，在蒸发器中吸热蒸发成气态进入压缩机，由于该路冷媒在进入蒸发器之前经过放热通道进行了放热，可以增加进入蒸发器前冷媒的过冷度，提高单位质量冷媒制冷量、减少冷媒在进入蒸发器之前的闪蒸气体，根据冷媒的压力和温度，调节节流元件的开度，进而调节进入蒸发器冷媒的量，改善压缩机吸气带液情况。Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are: the chiller of the present invention adds a heat exchanger behind the gas-liquid separation device, so that the refrigerant from the gas-liquid separation device enters the heat release channel of the heat exchanger , One of the refrigerant flowing out of the heat release channel enters the heat absorption channel of the heat exchanger, absorbs the refrigerant in the heat release channel, vaporizes and evaporates, and becomes a low-pressure gaseous refrigerant through the low-pressure air supply port to supplement the first-stage compression chamber, and the other way enters the evaporation In the evaporator, it absorbs heat and evaporates into a gaseous state and enters the compressor. Because the refrigerant passes through the heat release channel to release heat before entering the evaporator, it can increase the supercooling degree of the refrigerant before entering the evaporator and improve the unit mass refrigerant cooling Reduce the amount of flash gas before the refrigerant enters the evaporator, adjust the opening of the throttling element according to the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant, and then adjust the amount of refrigerant entering the evaporator to improve the compressor suction liquid.
附图说明Description of the drawings
结合附图阅读本发明的具体实施方式后，本发明的其他特点和优点将变得更加清楚。After reading the specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, other features and advantages of the present invention will become clearer.
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to explain the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative work, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.
图1 是本发明所提出的冷水机组的一种实施例原理图。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the chiller proposed by the present invention.
图2是图1中冷水机组的p-h图。Figure 2 is a p-h diagram of the chiller in Figure 1.
图3是本发明所提出的冷水机组控制方法的一种实施例流程图。Figure 3 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the chiller control method proposed by the present invention.
本发明的最佳实施方式The best mode of the invention
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下将结合附图和实施例，对本发明作进一步详细说明。In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following will further describe the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
需要说明的是，在本发明的描述中，术语 “第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
实施例一，本实施例提出了一种冷水机组，如图1所示，包括压缩机11、冷凝器12、换热器13、气液分离装置14以及蒸发器15，压缩机11包括一级压缩腔和二级压缩腔，一级压缩腔和二级压缩腔相连通，且一级压缩腔还连通有吸气口112和低压补气口115，二级压缩腔还连通有中压补气口114和排气口113，冷凝器12具有冷凝入口121和冷凝出口122，冷凝入口121与二级压缩腔的排气口113连接；蒸发器15具有蒸发入口151和蒸发出口152，换热器13具有吸热通道131和放热通道132；气液分离装置14具有进液口141、第一出口142和第二出口143，进液口141与冷凝出口122连接，第一出口142与中压补气口114连接，第二出口143放热通道132的进口连接，从放热通道流出的冷媒其中一路与蒸发入口151连接，另外一路通过节流元件18与吸热通道131的进口连接，吸热通道131的出口与低压补气口115连接，蒸发出口152与吸气口112连接。本冷水机组的工作原理是：蒸发器15中产生低压蒸气首先被压缩机11吸入一级压缩腔，一级压缩腔将蒸汽压缩到中间压力，进入二级压缩腔进一步压缩到冷凝压力 pk，然后进入冷凝器12中被冷凝成液体。由冷凝器12出来的冷媒，进入气液分离装置14进行气液分离。分离出来的中压气体作为中间补气，进入中压补气口，和从一级压缩腔的排气汇合进入二级压缩腔；气液分离装置14分离出来的液态冷媒进入换热器的放热通道，从放热通道流出的冷媒其中一路进入换热器的吸热通道，吸收放热通道中的冷媒汽化蒸发，变成低压气态冷媒通过低压补气口为一级压缩腔补气，通过调节该部分冷媒的压力和温度，进而可以调节进入压缩机冷媒的过热度，改善压缩机吸气带液情况。另外一路进入蒸发器，在蒸发器中吸热蒸发成气态进入压缩机的一级压缩腔，由于该路冷媒在进入蒸发器之前经过放热通道进行了放热，可以增加进入蒸发器前冷媒的过冷度，提高单位质量冷媒制冷量、减少冷媒在进入蒸发器之前的闪蒸气体，根据冷媒的压力和温度，调节节流元件的开度，进而调节进入蒸发器冷媒的量，改善压缩机吸气带液情况。本方案与传统的防压缩机带液压缩的方案相比，系统管路布设结构简单，有利于降低成本。 The first embodiment, this embodiment proposes a chiller, as shown in Figure 1, including a compressor 11, a condenser 12, a heat exchanger 13, a gas-liquid separation device 14, and an evaporator 15. The compressor 11 includes a stage The compression cavity and the secondary compression cavity, the primary compression cavity and the secondary compression cavity are connected, and the primary compression cavity is also connected with an air suction port 112 and a low pressure air supplement port 115, and the secondary compression cavity is also connected with an intermediate pressure air supplement port 114 And the exhaust port 113, the condenser 12 has a condensation inlet 121 and a condensation outlet 122, the condensation inlet 121 is connected to the exhaust port 113 of the secondary compression chamber; the evaporator 15 has an evaporation inlet 151 and an evaporation outlet 152, and the heat exchanger 13 has The heat absorption channel 131 and the heat release channel 132; the gas-liquid separation device 14 has a liquid inlet 141, a first outlet 142 and a second outlet 143, the liquid inlet 141 is connected to the condensation outlet 122, and the first outlet 142 is connected to the medium pressure air supplement 114 is connected, the second outlet 143 is connected to the inlet of the heat release channel 132, one of the refrigerant flowing out of the heat release channel is connected to the evaporation inlet 151, and the other is connected to the inlet of the heat absorption channel 131 through the throttling element 18. The heat absorption channel 131 The outlet is connected to the low-pressure supplementary air port 115, and the evaporation outlet 152 is connected to the suction port 112. The working principle of this chiller is: the low-pressure steam produced in the evaporator 15 is first sucked into the first-stage compression chamber by the compressor 11. The first-stage compression chamber compresses the steam to an intermediate pressure, and then enters the second-stage compression chamber to be further compressed to the condensing pressure p k, It then enters the condenser 12 and is condensed into liquid. The refrigerant from the condenser 12 enters the gas-liquid separation device 14 for gas-liquid separation. The separated medium-pressure gas is used as intermediate supplementary gas, enters the intermediate-pressure supplementary port, and merges with the exhaust from the first-stage compression chamber to enter the second-stage compression chamber; the liquid refrigerant separated by the gas-liquid separation device 14 enters the heat exchanger to release heat Channel, one of the refrigerant flowing out of the heat release channel enters the heat absorption channel of the heat exchanger, absorbs the refrigerant in the heat release channel, vaporizes and evaporates, becomes a low-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and supplies air to the first-stage compression chamber through the low-pressure air inlet. The pressure and temperature of part of the refrigerant can then adjust the superheat of the refrigerant entering the compressor and improve the compressor suction liquid. The other way enters the evaporator, where it absorbs heat and evaporates into a gaseous state and enters the first-stage compression chamber of the compressor. Because the refrigerant passes through the heat release channel to release heat before entering the evaporator, it can increase the amount of refrigerant before entering the evaporator. The degree of subcooling increases the cooling capacity per unit mass of refrigerant, reduces the flash gas before the refrigerant enters the evaporator, adjusts the opening of the throttling element according to the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant, and then adjusts the amount of refrigerant entering the evaporator to improve the compressor Inhalation with liquid. Compared with the traditional anti-compressor liquid compression solution, this solution has a simple system pipeline layout structure, which is beneficial to reduce costs.
由于气液分离装置14分离出来的液体进入换热器13的放热通道132放热进一步降低其温度，有助于进入蒸发器后增加蒸发器的过冷度，提高单位质量冷媒制冷量，从放热通道132出来的一小部分冷媒需要进入其吸热通道131，用于吸收放热通道132中冷媒的热量，该部分冷媒在进入吸热通道131之前还需要进一步节流降压进行汽化，因此，通过在吸热通道131的前端设置节流元件18，用于对进入吸热通道131的冷媒进行节流降压，从吸热通道131流出的低压气态冷媒进入低压补气口115，用于为一级压缩腔补充冷媒，提高其压缩能效。Since the liquid separated by the gas-liquid separation device 14 enters the heat release channel 132 of the heat exchanger 13 to release heat to further reduce its temperature, it is helpful to increase the subcooling degree of the evaporator after entering the evaporator and increase the cooling capacity per unit mass of refrigerant. A small part of the refrigerant from the heat release channel 132 needs to enter the heat absorption channel 131 to absorb the heat of the refrigerant in the heat release channel 132. This part of the refrigerant needs to be further throttled and reduced for vaporization before entering the heat absorption channel 131. Therefore, by providing a throttle element 18 at the front end of the heat absorption channel 131, it is used to throttle and reduce the pressure of the refrigerant entering the heat absorption channel 131, and the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant flowing out of the heat absorption channel 131 enters the low-pressure supplementary port 115 for Replenish refrigerant for the primary compression cavity to improve its compression energy efficiency.
冷凝器12与气液分离装置14之间设置有一级节流装置16，起到对冷媒节流降压作用。从冷凝器12出来的高压液态冷媒经过一级节流装置16节流，冷媒压力下降到中间压力pm，经过一级节流装置16节流，可以对冷媒进行初步降压，有利于后级的气液分离以及进入后级冷媒的量，此时冷媒包含液态冷媒和在冷凝器12未充分液化的气态冷媒，以及经过一级节流装置16时部分液态冷媒汽化，混合状态的冷媒进入气液分离装置14中，进行气液分离，分离后的气态冷媒由于压力仍然处于中间压力状态，因此，将分离出来的气态冷媒直接通过补气口114进入二级压缩腔中进行压缩，由于该部分冷媒没有经过一级压缩腔的压缩，而直接作为中间补气进入二级压缩腔，这样可以减少一级压缩腔的功耗，并提高了单位制冷量，使得机组的效率提高了大约7%。A first-level throttling device 16 is provided between the condenser 12 and the gas-liquid separation device 14, which plays a role of throttling and reducing the pressure of the refrigerant. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant from the condenser 12 is throttled by the first-stage throttling device 16, and the refrigerant pressure drops to the intermediate pressure pm. After the first-stage throttling device 16, the refrigerant can be initially reduced in pressure, which is beneficial to the subsequent stage Gas-liquid separation and the amount of refrigerant entering the subsequent stage. At this time, the refrigerant includes liquid refrigerant and gas refrigerant that is not fully liquefied in the condenser 12, and part of the liquid refrigerant vaporizes when passing through the first-level throttling device 16, and the mixed refrigerant enters the gas-liquid In the separation device 14, gas-liquid separation is performed. The separated gaseous refrigerant is still at an intermediate pressure state due to the pressure. Therefore, the separated gaseous refrigerant is directly entered into the secondary compression chamber through the air supplement port 114 for compression. After being compressed by the first-stage compression chamber, it directly enters the second-stage compression chamber as intermediate supplementary air, which can reduce the power consumption of the first-stage compression chamber and increase the unit refrigeration capacity, which increases the efficiency of the unit by about 7%.
作为一个优选的实施例，一级节流装置16可以采用电子膨胀阀、孔板、电子膨胀阀结合孔板的形式实现。通过调节一级节流装置16的开度调节实现调节进入气液分离装置14冷媒的温度和压力。As a preferred embodiment, the primary throttling device 16 can be implemented in the form of an electronic expansion valve, an orifice plate, and an electronic expansion valve combined with an orifice plate. The temperature and pressure of the refrigerant entering the gas-liquid separation device 14 can be adjusted by adjusting the opening of the first-stage throttling device 16.
为了调节和控制进入蒸发器15中的冷媒剂量，使之适应制冷负荷的变化，同时可防止压缩机发生液击现象，换热器13与蒸发器15之间设置有二级节流装置17。气液分离装置14分离出的液态冷媒经过换热器13的放热通道132后过冷，然后其中一路经过二级节流装置17节流到蒸发压力p0后，进入蒸发器15中蒸发，制取冷量。In order to adjust and control the amount of refrigerant entering the evaporator 15 to adapt it to changes in refrigeration load and prevent the compressor from liquid hammer, a secondary throttling device 17 is provided between the heat exchanger 13 and the evaporator 15. The liquid refrigerant separated by the gas-liquid separation device 14 passes through the heat release channel 132 of the heat exchanger 13 and then is subcooled, and then one of them is throttled to the evaporation pressure p0 by the secondary throttling device 17, and then enters the evaporator 15 to evaporate. Take the cold.
换热器的放热通道132可以增加进入二级节流装置17前的冷媒过冷度，可以提高单位质量冷媒制冷量、减少二级节流装置17前的闪蒸气体存在。The heat release passage 132 of the heat exchanger can increase the degree of subcooling of the refrigerant before entering the secondary throttling device 17, which can increase the cooling capacity per unit mass of refrigerant and reduce the presence of flash gas before the secondary throttling device 17.
为了便于调节冷媒的压力，本实施例中二级节流装置17同样可以采用电子膨胀阀、孔板、电子膨胀阀结合孔板的形式实现。通过调节二级节流装置17的开度调节实现调节进入蒸发器15冷媒的温度和压力。In order to facilitate the adjustment of the pressure of the refrigerant, the secondary throttling device 17 in this embodiment can also be implemented in the form of an electronic expansion valve, an orifice plate, and an electronic expansion valve combined with an orifice plate. The temperature and pressure of the refrigerant entering the evaporator 15 can be adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the secondary throttling device 17.
本实施例中的换热器13可以采用经济器实现，例如可以采用板式换热经济器，实现简单，便于与市场上的产品对接适用。The heat exchanger 13 in this embodiment can be realized by adopting an economizer, for example, a plate-type heat exchanger economizer can be adopted, which is simple to implement and is convenient for docking with products on the market.
本实施例中的气液分离装置可以采用闪蒸器实现。The gas-liquid separation device in this embodiment can be realized by a flash evaporator.
冷凝器12中设置有第一液位检测装置123，其用于检测冷凝器12中液态冷媒的液位；检测冷凝器12中液态冷媒的液位用于调节一级节流装置16的开度，例如，当冷凝器12的液位低于第三设定值时，减小一级节流装置16的开度，当冷凝器12的液位高于第四设定值时，增加一级节流装置16的开度，其中，第三设定值大于0，第四设定值大于第三设定值。The condenser 12 is provided with a first liquid level detection device 123, which is used for detecting the liquid level of the liquid refrigerant in the condenser 12; detecting the liquid level of the liquid refrigerant in the condenser 12 is used to adjust the opening of the first-stage throttling device 16 For example, when the liquid level of the condenser 12 is lower than the third set value, the opening degree of the first-stage throttling device 16 is reduced, and when the liquid level of the condenser 12 is higher than the fourth set value, it is increased by one The opening degree of the throttle device 16, wherein the third setting value is greater than 0, and the fourth setting value is greater than the third setting value.
气液分离装置14中设置有第二液位检测装置144，其用于气液分离装置14中液态冷媒的液位。检测气液分离装置14中液态冷媒的液位用于调节二级节流装置17的开度，例如，当气液分离装置14的液位低于第一设定值时，减小二级节流装置17的开度，当气液分离装置14的液位高于第二设定值时，增加二级节流装置17的开度，其中，第一设定值大于0，第二设定值大于第一设定值。The gas-liquid separation device 14 is provided with a second liquid level detection device 144, which is used for the liquid level of the liquid refrigerant in the gas-liquid separation device 14. Detecting the liquid level of the liquid refrigerant in the gas-liquid separation device 14 is used to adjust the opening of the secondary throttling device 17. For example, when the liquid level of the gas-liquid separation device 14 is lower than the first set value, the secondary throttle is reduced. The opening degree of the flow device 17, when the liquid level of the gas-liquid separation device 14 is higher than the second setting value, the opening degree of the secondary throttling device 17 is increased. The first setting value is greater than 0, and the second setting value The value is greater than the first set value.
吸气口112设置有吸气温度传感器21和吸气压力传感器22；其用于检测吸气压力和吸气温度，用于对压缩机的吸气保护，当吸气压力低于预警设定值时机组减载，当吸气压力低于保护设定值时机组紧急停机。The suction port 112 is provided with a suction temperature sensor 21 and a suction pressure sensor 22; it is used to detect suction pressure and suction temperature, and is used for suction protection of the compressor. When the suction pressure is lower than the warning set value When the unit reduces load, when the suction pressure is lower than the protection set value, the unit will stop emergency.
排气口113设置有排气温度传感器23和排气压力传感器24，其用于检测排气压力和排气温度，用于对压缩机的排气保护，当排气压力及温度高于预警设定值时机组减载，当吸气压力高于保护值时机组紧急停机。The exhaust port 113 is provided with an exhaust temperature sensor 23 and an exhaust pressure sensor 24, which are used to detect exhaust pressure and exhaust temperature, and are used for exhaust protection of the compressor. When the exhaust pressure and temperature are higher than the warning device When the value is set, the unit will reduce the load, and the unit will stop emergency when the suction pressure is higher than the protection value.
此外，上述传感器所检测到的值还可以用于对压缩机进行过热度保护，计算排气过热度，当排气过热度低于排气预警设定值时机组减载，当气过热度低于排气保护设定值时机组停机，排气过热度为排气温度和排气压力对应的饱和温度差值。In addition, the value detected by the above sensors can also be used to protect the compressor from overheating and to calculate the exhaust gas superheat. When the exhaust gas superheat is lower than the exhaust pre-warning set value, the unit will reduce load, and when the gas superheat is low When the set value of exhaust protection is stopped, the exhaust superheat is the saturation temperature difference between exhaust temperature and exhaust pressure.
低压补气口115还设置有第一补气温度传感器25和第一补气压力传感器26；其分别用于检测低压补气的温度和压力，用于调节节流元件18的开度，使其适应系统的制冷以及负载的平衡。The low-pressure supplemental gas port 115 is also provided with a first supplemental gas temperature sensor 25 and a first supplementary gas pressure sensor 26; they are respectively used to detect the temperature and pressure of the low-pressure supplementary gas, and are used to adjust the opening of the throttle element 18 to adapt it System cooling and load balance.
高压补气口114设置有第二补气温度传感器27和第二补气压力传感器28。其分别用于检测高压补气的温度和压力，用于调节一级节流装置16的开度。The high-pressure supplemental gas port 114 is provided with a second supplemental gas temperature sensor 27 and a second supplementary gas pressure sensor 28. They are used to detect the temperature and pressure of the high-pressure supplementary gas respectively, and are used to adjust the opening degree of the first-stage throttle device 16.
气液分离装置14的第一出口142和中压补气口114之间设置有流量调节装置28，其用于控制为二级压缩腔进行补气的量，通过计算中压补气口114的吸气过热度，当中压补气口的吸气过热度小于0时，减小一级节流装置开度，并且增加所述二级节流装置的开度，将所述流量调节装置的开度减小或者关闭。A flow adjustment device 28 is provided between the first outlet 142 of the gas-liquid separation device 14 and the intermediate pressure supplementary gas port 114, which is used to control the amount of supplementary gas for the secondary compression chamber, by calculating the intake of the intermediate pressure supplementary gas port 114 The degree of superheat, when the suction superheat of the intermediate pressure supplementary port is less than 0, the opening degree of the first-level throttle device is reduced, and the opening degree of the second-stage throttle device is increased, and the opening degree of the flow regulating device is reduced Or close.
本实施例中的压缩机为双级离心式压缩机，一级压缩腔的入口部位设置有导流片116，导流片116连接有驱动电机（图中未示出），驱动电机通过带动导流片116运动，调节吸气口112的开度，可用于辅助二级节流装置的调节，控制进入压缩机的冷媒量。The compressor in this embodiment is a two-stage centrifugal compressor. The inlet of the one-stage compression chamber is provided with a guide vane 116. The guide vane 116 is connected to a drive motor (not shown in the figure), and the drive motor drives and guides The flow sheet 116 moves to adjust the opening of the suction port 112, which can be used to assist the adjustment of the secondary throttling device and control the amount of refrigerant entering the compressor.
本实施例的压缩机利用变速作为主要的容量控制方式，并在需要时通过入口导流片116加以辅助。冷媒以低压低温的过热蒸汽形式通过吸气口进入压缩机的一级压缩腔。然后通过调节导流片116的开度，其可在部分负载条件下辅助压缩机控制。两只叶轮29、30安装在一个共用轴31上。气态冷媒通过一级叶轮29增加冷媒的速度能，在二级叶轮30中再次向冷媒增加速度能，并将速度能转换为最终排气压力，通过排气口113排出。从二级叶轮30开始，冷媒以高压过热蒸汽形式进入冷凝器12内。一级叶轮19朝向入口侧设有低压补气口115，一级压缩腔与二级压缩腔之间设有中压补气口114。The compressor of this embodiment uses variable speed as the main capacity control method, and is assisted by the inlet guide vane 116 when necessary. The refrigerant enters the primary compression chamber of the compressor through the suction port in the form of low-pressure and low-temperature superheated steam. Then, by adjusting the opening degree of the guide vane 116, it can assist the compressor control under partial load conditions. The two impellers 29 and 30 are mounted on a common shaft 31. The gaseous refrigerant passes through the primary impeller 29 to increase the velocity energy of the refrigerant, and in the secondary impeller 30 again increases velocity energy to the refrigerant, converts the velocity energy into the final exhaust pressure, and is discharged through the exhaust port 113. Starting from the secondary impeller 30, the refrigerant enters the condenser 12 in the form of high-pressure superheated steam. The first-stage impeller 19 is provided with a low-pressure gas supplement port 115 facing the inlet side, and a medium-pressure gas supplement port 114 is provided between the first-stage compression chamber and the second-stage compression chamber.
本实施例的压缩机11还可以采用螺杆式压缩机组或者涡旋式压缩机组等其他具有两级压缩功能的压缩机实现。The compressor 11 of this embodiment can also be implemented by other compressors with two-stage compression functions, such as a screw compressor unit or a scroll compressor unit.
如图2所示，为本实施例冷水机组的p-h图（压焓图），图中，1’-2’代表一级压缩腔的压缩过程，2’-10-3表示一级压缩腔的排气2’和中间补气10混合成3点状态的过程，3-4表示二级压缩腔内的压缩过程，4-6表示在冷凝器12内的冷却、凝结和过冷过程，6-7表示经过一级节流装置16的节流过程，此后冷媒进行气液分离，7点的冷媒分离为10点的饱和气体，分离的液体经过换热器13过冷到8’点，8’-9’表示经过二级节流装置17的节流过程，9’-1’表示在蒸发器15内蒸发制冷后与放热通道132中过热气体混合后过热过程。As shown in Figure 2, the ph diagram (pressure enthalpy diagram) of the chiller of this embodiment, in the figure, 1'-2' represents the compression process of the first-stage compression chamber, and 2'-10-3 represents the first-stage compression chamber The process in which exhaust 2'and intermediate supplemental air 10 are mixed into a three-point state, 3-4 represents the compression process in the secondary compression chamber, 4-6 represents the cooling, condensation and subcooling process in the condenser 12, 6 7 represents the throttling process of the primary throttling device 16, after which the refrigerant undergoes gas-liquid separation, the refrigerant at 7 o'clock is separated into saturated gas at 10 o'clock, and the separated liquid is supercooled to 8'o'clock, 8'by the heat exchanger 13 -9' denotes the throttling process through the secondary throttling device 17, and 9'-1' denotes the superheating process after being evaporated and cooled in the evaporator 15 and mixed with the superheated gas in the heat releasing passage 132.
实施例二，本实施例提出了一种冷水机组的控制方法，其包括实施例一中所记载的冷水机组，该冷水机组的系统组成可参见实施例一记载，在此不做赘述，该冷水机组的控制方法为。In the second embodiment, this embodiment proposes a method for controlling a chiller, which includes the chiller described in the first embodiment. For the system composition of the chiller, please refer to the record in the first embodiment, which will not be repeated here. The control method of the unit is.
检测冷凝器16的液位，并根据冷凝器16的液位调节一级节流装置16的开度。The liquid level of the condenser 16 is detected, and the opening degree of the primary throttling device 16 is adjusted according to the liquid level of the condenser 16.
检测气液分离装置14的液位，并根据气液分离装置14的液位调节二级节流装置17的开度。The liquid level of the gas-liquid separation device 14 is detected, and the opening degree of the secondary throttling device 17 is adjusted according to the liquid level of the gas-liquid separation device 14.
压缩机保护步骤，包括吸气压力保护步骤、排气压力及排气温度保护步骤和排气过热度保护步骤的任意组合。The compressor protection step includes any combination of the suction pressure protection step, the discharge pressure and discharge temperature protection step, and the discharge superheat protection step.
根据气液分离装置14的液位调节二级节流装置17的开度的方法为：当气液分离装置14的液位低于第一设定值时，减小二级节流装置17的开度，当气液分离装置14的液位高于第二设定值时，增加二级节流装置17的开度，其中，第一设定值大于0，第二设定值大于第一设定值，二级节流装置1开度变大，当液位低于保护值后，节流装置恢复液位PID调节。当气液分离装置14液位检测值大于上限保护值时，则强制一级节流装置16开度变小，二级节流装置17开度变大，当液位低于上限保护值后，节流装置恢复液位PID调节。The method of adjusting the opening degree of the secondary throttling device 17 according to the liquid level of the gas-liquid separation device 14 is: when the liquid level of the gas-liquid separation device 14 is lower than the first set value, reduce the secondary throttling device 17 Opening degree. When the liquid level of the gas-liquid separation device 14 is higher than the second set value, increase the opening degree of the secondary throttling device 17, wherein the first set value is greater than 0, and the second set value is greater than the first set value. Set value, the opening degree of the secondary throttling device 1 becomes larger. When the liquid level is lower than the protection value, the throttling device resumes the PID adjustment of the liquid level. When the liquid level detection value of the gas-liquid separation device 14 is greater than the upper limit protection value, the opening degree of the primary throttling device 16 is forced to decrease, and the opening degree of the secondary throttling device 17 becomes larger. When the liquid level is lower than the upper limit protection value, The throttling device restores the PID adjustment of the liquid level.
检测冷凝器12中液态冷媒的液位用于调节一级节流装置16的开度，其调节方法为：当冷凝器12的液位低于第三设定值时，减小一级节流装置16的开度，当冷凝器12的液位高于第四设定值时，增加一级节流装置16的开度，其中，第三设定值大于0，第四设定值大于第三设定值，一级节流装置16开度随冷凝器液位检测值进行PID调节，最终达到稳定。Detecting the liquid level of the liquid refrigerant in the condenser 12 is used to adjust the opening of the first-stage throttling device 16. The adjustment method is: when the liquid level of the condenser 12 is lower than the third set value, reduce the first-stage throttling The opening of the device 16, when the liquid level of the condenser 12 is higher than the fourth set value, increase the opening of the first-stage throttling device 16, where the third set value is greater than 0, and the fourth set value is greater than the fourth set value. With three setting values, the opening of the first-level throttling device 16 is adjusted by PID with the detection value of the condenser liquid level, and finally stabilizes.
第一出口142和中压补气口117之间设置有流量调节装置28，该控制方法还包括计算中压补气口的吸气过热度的步骤，当中压补气口的吸气过热度小于0时，执行以下操作：减小一级节流装置开度，并且增加二级节流装置的开度，将流量调节装置28的开度减小或者关闭。当吸气过热度大于0后，节流装置恢复PID调节，流量调节装置打开。A flow adjusting device 28 is provided between the first outlet 142 and the intermediate pressure supplementary port 117. The control method further includes the step of calculating the inhalation superheat of the intermediate pressure supplementary port. When the inspiratory superheat of the intermediate pressure supplementary port is less than 0, Perform the following operations: reduce the opening degree of the primary throttle device, increase the opening degree of the secondary throttle device, and reduce or close the opening degree of the flow regulating device 28. When the suction superheat is greater than 0, the throttling device resumes PID adjustment and the flow adjustment device opens.
优选在本实施例中，吸气压力保护步骤包括：检测吸气压力，当吸气压力低于低压预警设定值时机组减载，当吸气压力低于低压保护设定值时机组停机；排气压力及排气温度保护步骤包括：检测排气压力和排气温度，当排气压力及排气温度高于高压预警设定值时机组减载，当排气压力高于高压保护值时机组停机；排气过热度保护步骤包括：计算排气过热度，当排气过热度低于排气预警设定值时机组减载，当气过热度低于排气保护设定值时机组停机，所述排气过热度为排气温度和排气压力对应的饱和温度差值。Preferably, in this embodiment, the suction pressure protection step includes: detecting suction pressure, when the suction pressure is lower than the low-pressure warning set value, the unit deloads, and when the suction pressure is lower than the low-pressure protection set value, the unit shuts down; Exhaust pressure and exhaust temperature protection steps include: detecting exhaust pressure and exhaust temperature, when the exhaust pressure and exhaust temperature are higher than the high-pressure warning set value, the unit deloads, when the exhaust pressure is higher than the high-pressure protection value Unit shutdown; exhaust gas superheat protection steps include: calculating the exhaust gas superheat degree, when the exhaust gas superheat degree is lower than the exhaust gas warning setting value, the unit deloads, when the gas superheat degree is lower than the exhaust gas protection setting value, the unit shuts down , The exhaust superheat is the saturation temperature difference corresponding to the exhaust temperature and the exhaust pressure.
节流元件18控制方法为：压缩机启动完成后，根据放热通道132过热度目标设定值（默认8℃）控制节流元件18的开度。The control method of the throttling element 18 is: after the compressor is started, the opening degree of the throttling element 18 is controlled according to the target setting value of the superheat degree of the heat release passage 132 (default 8° C.).
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其进行限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，依然可以对前述实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明所要求保护的技术方案的精神和范围。The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, the technical solutions of the foregoing embodiments can still be described. The recorded technical solutions are modified, or some of the technical features are equivalently replaced; these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions claimed by the present invention.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种冷水机组，其特征在于，包括：A chiller is characterized in that it comprises:
    压缩机，其包括相连通的一级压缩腔和二级压缩腔，所述压缩机具有分别与所述一级压缩腔连通的吸气口和低压补气口、分别与所述二级压缩腔连通的中压补气口和排气口；A compressor including a first-stage compression chamber and a second-stage compression chamber that are communicated with each other. The compressor has an air suction port and a low-pressure supplementary port respectively communicating with the first-stage compression chamber, and respectively communicating with the second-stage compression chamber Medium-pressure supplement air port and exhaust port;
    冷凝器，其具有冷凝入口和冷凝出口，所述冷凝入口与所述排气口连接；A condenser, which has a condensation inlet and a condensation outlet, and the condensation inlet is connected to the exhaust port;
    换热器，其具有吸热通道和放热通道；A heat exchanger, which has a heat absorption channel and a heat release channel;
    蒸发器，其具有蒸发入口和蒸发出口，所述蒸发出口与所述吸气口连接；An evaporator, which has an evaporation inlet and an evaporation outlet, and the evaporation outlet is connected to the suction port;
    气液分离装置，其具有进液口、第一出口和第二出口，所述进液口与所述冷凝出口连接，所述第一出口与所述中压补气口连接，所述第二出口与所述放热通道的进口连接，所述放热通道出口其中一路与所述蒸发入口连接，另外一路通过节流元件与所述吸热通道的进口连接，所述吸热通道的出口与所述低压补气口连接。A gas-liquid separation device, which has a liquid inlet, a first outlet, and a second outlet, the liquid inlet is connected to the condensation outlet, the first outlet is connected to the medium pressure supplementary gas port, and the second outlet Connected to the inlet of the heat release channel, one of the outlets of the heat release channel is connected to the evaporation inlet, and the other is connected to the inlet of the heat absorption channel through a throttling element, and the outlet of the heat absorption channel is connected to the heat absorption channel. Connect to the low-pressure air supply port.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的冷水机组，其特征在于，所述冷凝器与所述气液分离装置之间设置有一级节流装置；The chiller according to claim 1, wherein a first-level throttling device is provided between the condenser and the gas-liquid separation device;
    所述气液分离装置与所述蒸发器之间设置有二级节流装置。A secondary throttling device is arranged between the gas-liquid separation device and the evaporator.
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的冷水机组，其特征在于，所述冷凝器中设置有第一液位检测装置；The chiller according to claim 2, wherein a first liquid level detection device is provided in the condenser;
    所述气液分离装置中设置有第二液位检测装置。The gas-liquid separation device is provided with a second liquid level detection device.
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的冷水机组，其特征在于，所述吸气口设置有吸气温度传感器和吸气压力传感器；The chiller according to claim 3, wherein the suction port is provided with a suction temperature sensor and a suction pressure sensor;
    所述排气口设置有排气温度传感器和排气压力传感器；The exhaust port is provided with an exhaust temperature sensor and an exhaust pressure sensor;
    所述低压补气口设置有第一补气温度传感器和第一补气压力传感器；The low-pressure air supplement port is provided with a first air supplement temperature sensor and a first air supplement pressure sensor;
    所述高压补气口设置有第二补气温度传感器和第二补气压力传感器。The high-pressure air supplement port is provided with a second air supplement temperature sensor and a second air supplement pressure sensor.
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的冷水机组，其特征在于，所述第一出口和所述中压补气口之间设置有流量调节装置。The chiller according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a flow adjustment device is provided between the first outlet and the intermediate pressure air supplement port.
  6. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的冷水机组，其特征在于，所述压缩机为双级离心式压缩机，所述一级压缩腔的入口部位设置有导流片，所述导流片连接有驱动电机。The chiller according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the compressor is a two-stage centrifugal compressor, and the inlet of the one-stage compression chamber is provided with a deflector, and the deflector The drive motor is connected to the slice.
  7. 一种冷水机组的控制方法，其特征在于，包括权利要求4所述的冷水机组，该冷水机组的控制方法的控制方法为：A control method of a water chiller, characterized by comprising the water chiller of claim 4, and the control method of the control method of the water chiller is:
    检测所述冷凝器的液位，并根据所述冷凝器的液位调节所述一级节流装置的开度；Detecting the liquid level of the condenser, and adjusting the opening degree of the primary throttling device according to the liquid level of the condenser;
    检测所述气液分离装置的液位，并根据所述气液分离装置的液位调节所述二级节流装置的开度；Detecting the liquid level of the gas-liquid separation device, and adjusting the opening degree of the secondary throttling device according to the liquid level of the gas-liquid separation device;
    压缩机保护步骤，包括吸气压力保护步骤、排气压力及排气温度保护步骤和排气过热度保护步骤的任意组合。The compressor protection step includes any combination of the suction pressure protection step, the discharge pressure and discharge temperature protection step, and the discharge superheat protection step.
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的控制方法，其特征在于，根据所述气液分离装置的液位调节所述二级节流装置的开度的方法为：当气液分离装置的液位低于第一设定值时，减小所述二级节流装置的开度，当气液分离装置的液位高于第二设定值时，增加所述二级节流装置的开度，其中，第一设定值大于0，第二设定值大于第一设定值。The control method according to claim 7, wherein the method of adjusting the opening degree of the secondary throttling device according to the liquid level of the gas-liquid separation device is: when the liquid level of the gas-liquid separation device is lower than the first At a set value, the opening of the secondary throttling device is reduced, and when the liquid level of the gas-liquid separation device is higher than the second set value, the opening of the secondary throttling device is increased, wherein: The first setting value is greater than 0, and the second setting value is greater than the first setting value.
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的控制方法，其特征在于，所述第一出口和所述中压补气口之间设置有流量调节装置，所述控制方法还包括计算中压补气口的吸气过热度的步骤，当中压补气口的吸气过热度小于0时，执行以下操作：The control method according to claim 8, wherein a flow adjustment device is provided between the first outlet and the intermediate pressure supplementary port, and the control method further comprises calculating the inhalation superheat of the intermediate pressure supplementary port When the inspiratory superheat of the intermediate pressure supplementary port is less than 0, perform the following operations:
    减小所述一级节流装置开度，并且增加所述二级节流装置的开度，将所述流量调节装置的开度减小或者关闭。Decrease the opening degree of the primary throttling device, increase the opening degree of the secondary throttling device, and reduce or close the opening degree of the flow regulating device.
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的控制方法，其特征在于，The control method according to claim 8, wherein:
    吸气压力保护步骤包括：检测吸气压力，当吸气压力低于低压预警设定值时机组减载，当吸气压力低于低压保护设定值时机组停机；The steps of suction pressure protection include: detecting suction pressure, when the suction pressure is lower than the low-pressure warning setting value, the unit deloads, and when the suction pressure is lower than the low-pressure protection setting value, the unit shuts down;
    排气压力及排气温度保护步骤包括：检测排气压力和排气温度，当排气压力及排气温度高于高压预警设定值时机组减载，当排气压力高于高压保护值时机组停机；Exhaust pressure and exhaust temperature protection steps include: detecting exhaust pressure and exhaust temperature, when the exhaust pressure and exhaust temperature are higher than the high-pressure warning set value, the unit deloads, when the exhaust pressure is higher than the high-pressure protection value Unit shutdown;
    排气过热度保护步骤包括：计算排气过热度，当排气过热度低于排气预警设定值时机组减载，当气过热度低于排气保护设定值时机组停机，所述排气过热度为排气温度和排气压力对应的饱和温度差值。Exhaust superheat protection steps include: calculating the exhaust superheat, when the exhaust superheat is lower than the exhaust pre-warning setting value, the unit deloads, when the exhaust gas superheat is lower than the exhaust protection setting value, the unit shuts down. Exhaust superheat is the saturation temperature difference between exhaust temperature and exhaust pressure.
PCT/CN2020/091093 2019-06-22 2020-05-19 Water cooling unit and control method WO2020259131A1 (en)

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