WO2020254524A1 - Système et réseau pour la communication optique sans fil - Google Patents

Système et réseau pour la communication optique sans fil Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020254524A1
WO2020254524A1 PCT/EP2020/067015 EP2020067015W WO2020254524A1 WO 2020254524 A1 WO2020254524 A1 WO 2020254524A1 EP 2020067015 W EP2020067015 W EP 2020067015W WO 2020254524 A1 WO2020254524 A1 WO 2020254524A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
signal
optical communication
wireless
wireless optical
designed
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PCT/EP2020/067015
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
René Kirrbach
Tobias Schneider
Alexander Noack
Michael Faulwasser
Frank Deicke
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.
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Publication of WO2020254524A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020254524A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/11—Arrangements specific to free-space transmission, i.e. transmission through air or vacuum
    • H04B10/114—Indoor or close-range type systems
    • H04B10/1149—Arrangements for indoor wireless networking of information

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for wireless, optical communication and to a network for wireless, optical communication.
  • the present invention further relates to a communication system with a plurality of optical wireless transceivers arranged in series for linear, dynamic communication scenarios.
  • One object of the present invention is therefore to create a wireless, optical communication network and a device for wireless, optical communication that can be replaced therein and that enables reliable communication over long ranges.
  • the inventors have recognized that by converting an optical signal into an electrical signal for processing the electrical signal and generating an optical signal again from the processed electrical signal, both a signal adaptation can be carried out and an optical signal can be carried out through the renewed generation Power can be generated again so that a long range of the communication link can be achieved.
  • a device comprises a communication device which has a receiving device, a processing device and a transmitting device.
  • the receiving device is designed to receive a first wireless, optical communication signal in order to generate an electrical signal from the wireless, optical communication signal.
  • the processing device is designed to process the electrical signal in order to obtain a processed electrical signal.
  • the transmitting device is designed to convert the processed electrical signal into a second wireless, optical communication signal, so that the second wireless, optical communication signal at least partially corresponds to the first wireless, optical communication signal, and to the second wireless, optical communication signal to send. This enables the signal to be prepared and processed and the optical signal to be generated again in order to bridge large distances if necessary.
  • a wireless, optical communication network comprises at least one described device and a base station which is used for wireless, optical communication using the wireless, optical signal is set up.
  • the subscriber device is arranged to be movable with respect to the base station. This enables a flexible wireless, optical communication network with a long range.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a device according to an exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic block diagram of a device according to an exemplary embodiment, which has an amplifier device
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic block diagram of a device according to an exemplary embodiment, in which the processing device has an amplifier element which is designed to amplify an electrical signal based on signal compression;
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic block diagram of a device according to an exemplary embodiment, in which a processing device is designed for digital data processing
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic block diagram of a device according to an exemplary embodiment, in which the processing device is designed to directly forward a first signal without a time delay caused by digital data processing and to send a digitally processed electrical signal in a later time interval ;
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic block diagram of a device according to an exemplary embodiment, which is designed to transmit the wireless optical communication signal along a direction from which a wireless optical communication signal is received;
  • 7 shows a schematic block diagram of a wireless, optical communication network according to an exemplary embodiment, in which a directional deflection of beam paths between a communication axis and subscriber devices takes place;
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic block diagram of a wireless, optical communication network according to an exemplary embodiment, in which the communication axis is deflected;
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic block diagram of a wireless, optical communication network according to an exemplary embodiment, in which the base station is designed to transmit wireless, optical signals along at least a first direction and a second direction;
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic block diagram of a wireless, optical communication network according to an exemplary embodiment, the base station being designed to transmit the wireless, optical communication signals parallel to one another along an identical direction;
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic block diagram of part of a wireless, optical communication system according to an embodiment in which two communication directions are assigned the same transmitter and / or the same receiver;
  • FIG. 12 shows a schematic block diagram of a wireless optical communication network according to a further exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 13 shows a schematic block diagram of a wireless optical communication network according to a further exemplary embodiment in which a ring configuration is implemented.
  • the following exemplary embodiments relate to wireless optical signal transmission or data transmission.
  • this is also referred to as Li-Fi (light fidelity; light transmission).
  • Li-Fi refers to the terms IrDA (Infra red Data Association) or OWC (Optical Wireless Communication; optical wireless communication).
  • Optical wireless data transmission is understood here to mean transmitting an electromagnetic signal through a free transmission medium, for example air or another gas or fluid.
  • a free transmission medium for example air or another gas or fluid.
  • UV ultraviolet
  • a wireless optical data transmission is also to be distinguished from a wired optical data transmission, which is obtained, for example, by means of optical waveguides or optical waveguide cables.
  • the device 10 comprises a communication device 12.
  • the communication device 12 comprises a receiving device 14 which is designed to receive a wireless, optical communication signal 16.
  • the receiving device 14 is designed to receive an electrical signal 18 based on the wireless, optical communication signal.
  • the receiving device 14 can include, for example, a photodetector, a photodiode, a phototransistor or the like, which is designed to receive the wireless, optical communication signal 16 and convert it into the electrical signal 18.
  • the communication device 12 comprises a processing device 22 which is designed to process the electrical signal 18 in order to obtain a processed electrical signal 24.
  • the processing can include an amplification and / or change of the information content of the electrical signal 18, but the electrical signal 24 is still based, at least in part, on the wireless, optical communication signal 16.
  • the processed electrical signal 24 is therefore to be distinguished from a response signal to the wireless, optical communication signal 16, which would also be generated based on the wireless, optical communication signal 16, but would have any information content and would be returned, while the optical communication signal 28 is used to forward the optical communication signal 16 .
  • the communication device 12 comprises a transmission device 26 which is designed to convert the processed electrical signal 24 into a wireless, optical communication signal 28.
  • the transmitting device 26 can for example have an emitter, for example a light emitting diode, a laser diode, a laser or the like.
  • the wireless, optical communication signal 28 can be completely or partially the wireless, optical communication signal 16 with regard to correspond to the information content, even if individual signal parameters can differ between the wireless, optical communication signal 28 and the wireless, optical communication signal 16, for example a wavelength range, a polarization, a type of modulation, a spatial shape of the beam, a timing or similar.
  • the transmitting device 26 is designed to transmit the wireless, optical communication signal 28.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic block diagram of a device 20 according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • the device 20 can be embodied such that the processing device 22 comprises an amplifier device 31 which is designed to amplify the electrical signal 18. That is, the processed electrical signal 24 can be obtained based on a gain of the electrical signal 18.
  • the amplifier device 31, which has, for example, an amplifier element 32, for example a transimpedance amplifier or a current amplifier.
  • the receiving device is equipped with a photodetector, which can generate an electrical current from the optical signal, which is why a current amplifier or a trans-impedance amplifier can be used for this purpose.
  • the device 20 can furthermore be configured such that the transmitting device 26 comprises a driver circuit 34 which is designed to convert the processed electrical signal 24 into a control signal 36 for an optical emitter 38, for example a light-emitting diode, a laser diode, a laser or to convict the like.
  • a external modulator eg Mach-Zehnder modulator
  • modulates the optical intensity may be provided, which modulates the optical intensity.
  • the device 20 can be designed to provide the optical communication signal 28 corresponding to the wireless, optical communication signal 16, this being able to take place without restrictions while making changes in a wavelength range or spectrum of the signals.
  • This means that the wireless, optical communication signal 28 can correspond to a version of the wireless, optical communication signal 16 that is amplified in relation to the signal amplitude.
  • the transmission device 26 can, for example, comprise an optical system for shaping the wireless, optical communication signal 28, for example a collecting lens or the like. This enables the collimation of optical beams, which can enable a long range.
  • the receiving device 14 can have optics, for example in order to focus or bundle the wireless optical communication signal 16 onto the detector 14.
  • the incidence of the communication signal 16 can initially be detected by means of photodetector 14 (for example photodiode, phototransistor, the like) will.
  • the signal can first be amplified by means of an amplifier 32 (for example a transimpedance amplifier) and then fed directly into the driver 34 of the transmitter. This then controls an emitter 38 (light-emitting diode, laser diode, laser or the like) so that the signal 24 is converted into an optical communication signal 28.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic block diagram of a device 30 according to an exemplary embodiment, in which the processing device 22 has an amplifier device 3 T compared to the device 20, which, as an alternative or in addition to the amplifier element 32, has an amplifier element 38 which is designed to provide a Input signal based on electrical signal 24, that is to say to amplify electrical signal 24 or, for example, a version thereof amplified by optional amplifier element 32, based on signal compression, in order to obtain electrical signal 24 based thereon.
  • This means that the signal 18 can be amplified up to the signal compression.
  • the signal compression makes it possible to prepare the signal form without having to provide digital signal processing with a dedicated analog / digital converter have to.
  • the processing device 22 can thus be designed to process or prepare the electrical signal 24 without digital data processing.
  • the incoming communication signal 16 can first be detected by means of a photodetector 14 (for example a photodiode, phototransistor or the like).
  • the signal can first be amplified by means of an amplifier 32 (for example a transimpedance amplifier) and then processed without digital data processing. This can be done, for example, by means of an electrical amplifier 42 with a very high gain (for example limiting amplifier, comparator or the like) by driving the signal into compression.
  • the signal can be driven into compression by amplifier element 32, i. H. it is clipped. I.e. the amplifier would generate a signal whose amplitude is significantly larger than the supply voltages, which is why it is cut off. I.e.
  • the gain of the amplifier element 32 can be so great that compression / clipping occurs. If the signal is an analog, narrowband signal, a very linear electrical amplifier can alternatively be used in order to avoid distortions.
  • the signal can then be fed into the driver 34 of the transmitter 26. This then controls an emitter 38 (light-emitting diode, laser diode, laser, or the like) so that the signal is converted into an optical communication signal 28.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic block diagram of a device 40 according to an exemplary embodiment, in which the processing device 22 is designed to carry out digital data processing of the electrical signal 18.
  • the processing device 22 can comprise the amplifier device 3T or, alternatively, the amplifier device 31.
  • the processing device 22 can be designed to change a data content of the electrical signal 18.
  • a signal processing device 44 can be provided which can be connected after the amplifier device 3T.
  • the signal processing device 44 can have one or more switching circuits.
  • An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) can be provided at a signal input in order to obtain a digital version of the electrical signal 18 or the amplified version of the signal 18.
  • a digital-to-analog converter (DAG) can be provided at a signal output to get an analog signal again.
  • ADC analog-to-digital converter
  • DAG digital-to-analog converter
  • the data can be checked for errors, the data can be changed by variation, addition or removal or the like.
  • the signal processing unit can be used for this Direction 44 have, for example, a processor, a microcontroller, a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC).
  • FPGA field-programmable gate array
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
  • the information content of the wireless, optical communication signal 16 can thus be changed by the signal processing device 44.
  • the wireless optical communication signal 28 is a possibly modified version thereof, but not a response signal. It is conceivable, for example, to use the devices described herein as devices that can be used sequentially to one another in a communication bus or other optical wireless communication network, in which the wireless, optical communication signal 16 is possibly in a manipulated manner to subsequent devices in the form of the signal 28 is sent on.
  • the incoming communication signal 16 can first be detected by means of a photodetector 14 (for example a photodiode, phototransistor or the like).
  • the signal is amplified by means of an amplifier 32 (for example a transimpedance amplifier).
  • an amplifier 42 with a very high gain, as described in connection with FIG. 3, can also be used here.
  • the use of digital data processing is decisive for the device 40.
  • This includes a circuit 44 in which the signal is fed in via an input (with ADC) and at which it is output at an output by means of a DAG.
  • Digital data processing here means both a check of the data for errors, such as also a change in the data (for example it is possible for the mobile station to add or remove data).
  • the signal is then fed into the driver 34 of the transmitter. This then controls an emitter 38 (light-emitting diode, laser diode, laser, or the like) so that the signal is converted into an optical communication signal 28.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic block diagram of a device 50 according to an exemplary embodiment in which the processing device 22 is designed to receive the processed electrical signal 24 based on a forwarding of the electrical signal 18 to the transmitting device 26, ie the electrical signal 18 may be forwarded more intensively without further processing.
  • the processing device 22 can be designed to additionally process the electrical signal 18 digitally, as is described in connection with FIG. 4 with reference to the signal processing device 44.
  • the signal processing in the signal processing device 44 can lead to time delays which mean that the processed electrical signal 24 of the device 40 can be viewed as being delayed in relation to the electrical signal 18.
  • the processing device 22 can comprise a signal splitter 46 which can be designed to alternately convey a processed electrical signal 24 and the processed electrical signal 24 received by the signal processing device 44 to the transmitting device 26 or to provide it.
  • the signal splitter 46 can, for example, be a switch or adder or comprise such an element.
  • the signal splitter 46 can also be integrated in the receiving device 26 and / or implemented in such a way that the transmitting device 26 receives the possibly undelayed output signal of the amplifier device 31 or 31 in order to forward it with the lowest possible signal delay.
  • the processed electrical signal 24 can be received by the signal processing device 44 and this can then be sent as a new, additional wireless, optical communication signal.
  • a base station can be designed to address several devices at the same time.
  • the device 50 can be designed to decouple and / or process a portion determined for it, while the signal is passed on in parallel to this in order to keep a delay low for devices located behind it.
  • the processing device 22 can be designed to process the electrical signal digitally in order to forward a time-delayed processed electrical signal to the same device 22 with a time delay in relation to the processed electrical signal 24.
  • An output signal 48 of the amplifier device 31 can thus be passed on by the signal splitter 46 so that the electrically processed signal 24 can correspond to the output signal 48 of the amplifier device 31 '.
  • the time-delayed, electrically processed signal 24 ′ of the device 50 can correspond to the processed electrical signal 24 of the device 40.
  • the processing device 22 can be designed to set a time delay of the time-delayed electrical signal 24 'based on a communication protocol that is implemented by the device 50 and / or is specified by a base station with which the device 50 communicates.
  • a wireless, optical communication signal that is generated with the transmitting device 26 from the time-delayed processed electrical signal 24 ' can thus be used at a later time Time interval are sent than the wireless, optical communication signal 28. For example, this can be a later time interval of a time division multiplex.
  • the time delays mentioned under (1) and (2) can be taken into account in the system.
  • An exemplary implemented communication protocol for transmitting / receiving the wireless optical communication signals 16 and / or 28 can be based on TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access), i.e. H. each communication participant is assigned a time interval in which it is allowed to send data. The time delay until the next interval results from the protocol
  • the time delays mentioned under (3) can be reduced or avoided, for example, by means of frequency division multiple access (FDMA).
  • FDMA frequency division multiple access
  • Several devices can transmit at the same time, but transmit, for example, in the baseband on different frequencies (e.g. trolley 1: 10-12 MHz, trolley 2: 12 ... 14 MHz, etc.) or use other carrier wavelengths (e.g. 400nm, 500nm, 600nm, 700nm, 850nm, 940nm, ...) whereby frequency bandwidths can be arbitrary.
  • the signal 28 can, for example, be sent in a subsequent time slot.
  • the processing device 22 can be designed to forward a first signal directly without a time delay caused by digital data processing and to send a digitally processed electrical signal in a different time interval.
  • the devices 10, 20, 30, 40 and / or 50 can each form a sink for the wireless, optical communication signal 16. At the same time, they can form a signal source for the wireless, optical communication signal 28.
  • devices 20 and 30 can be configured as amplify and forward devices
  • devices 40 and / or 50 can be configured as decode and forward devices.
  • the wireless, optical communication signals 16 can travel along at least within a tolerance range of ⁇ 10 °, ⁇
  • a complete trolley therefore comprises, for example, the device 50 as shown, but without the signal switch 46 and the time-delayed electrical signal 24 'for the route from the base station to the trolley; as well as the illustrated components of the device 50 in order to implement the communication for the return path.
  • This return path can have both connections to the signal processing device 44. Since the signal either has to be forwarded from a previous trolley to the base station or the trolley recognizes that it is currently its own time slot in which it is authorized to send and it therefore sends data itself.
  • a first path for example an outward path
  • a pure signal distribution which is designed such that each device in the network is supplied with the wireless optical signal 16, which is individual information assigned to a device or a group of devices or can have information associated with all devices (broadcast).
  • the return of information to the base station can take place via a ring configuration or via a return channel which, based on the signal splitter 46 and the time-delayed processed signal 24 ', enables signals from the devices to be collected along the second direction, for example the return path.
  • a separate return channel can be provided for this purpose.
  • the implementation of the mobile station 50 may be similar to the implementation of the mobile station 40.
  • the use of an additional component 46 can be at least partially decisive here.
  • the detected signal is fed directly into the circuit 44 and additionally sent via the component 46 directly to the driver 34 of the transmitter.
  • the element 46 can be implemented as an adder or switch, for example. This configuration enables the detected signal to reach the transmitter particularly quickly and be sent to the next station. In this way, all mobile stations initially receive the data and can process them in parallel in the respective circuits 44, if available.
  • FIGS. 2 to 5 show several possible embodiments of the mobile stations which enable the signal to be passed on to the next mobile station.
  • the variants are described for a unidirectional design; a second channel is implemented analogously for the inverse direction by arranging a further communication device.
  • An optical, wireless transmitter can have at least one emitter (light-emitting diode, laser diode, laser) and a driver and optionally optics.
  • the driver can be a circuit that varies the current through the emitter with the aim of modulating the radiation intensity.
  • the driver can also be an external modulator (for example an electro-optical modulator such as Mach-Zehner modulator, acousto-optical modulator, electro-absorption modulator, polarization modulator, liquid crystal light modulator, or the like) that controls the emitted radiation intensity varies.
  • an external modulator for example an electro-optical modulator such as Mach-Zehner modulator, acousto-optical modulator, electro-absorption modulator, polarization modulator, liquid crystal light modulator, or the like
  • the optics for example lens
  • directs the emitted radiation into the field of view that is, in the direction of the axis 58/58 'from FIG May include ⁇ 5 °, ⁇ 2 or ⁇ 1 ° with it.
  • Receiver can have at least one photodetector (e.g. photodiode, phototransistor, ).
  • the processing device can have an electrical amplifier, which can alternatively also be assigned to the optical, wireless receiver.
  • the optically wireless receiver can have receiving optics that focus the incident radiation onto the photodetector.
  • a further exemplary embodiment relates to a modification of the device 50 against the background that the signal is only sent to those trolleys that join the current trolley / device in the case of unidirectional communication and with a base station as the source.
  • a further communication device could be provided in order to send in a second direction, which allows a high degree of flexibility and possibly two individual communication channels, but involves a certain amount of hardware complexity.
  • both communication devices can be controlled, for example, by the same or a combined signal processing device 44.
  • a device has at least one further communication device which enables communication in a further, possibly opposite direction, so that bidirectional communication is made possible.
  • the bidirectional communication can take place using different wavelength ranges, different time intervals and / or different spatial sections.
  • Embodiments create devices that are constructed similarly to device 50, but without the direct forwarding of the processed electrical signal 24.
  • Two variants can be implemented in connection with ring-shaped communication:
  • All devices can only communicate in one direction.
  • a receiver that detects the signal and forwards it to the base station via a wired connection, as FIG. 13 illustrates.
  • Devices described herein can be, for example, mobile devices that are set up for a transport system.
  • these can be trolleys.
  • the devices can be set up, for example, for crane systems, production lines and / or other devices for reloading transport goods.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic block diagram of a device 60 according to an exemplary embodiment which is designed to transmit the wireless, optical communication signal 28 along a direction 52 which is opposite or antiparallel to a Direction 54 is arranged, from which the wireless, optical communication signal 16 is received.
  • directions 52 and 54 are anti-parallel within the aforementioned tolerance range, while they can be approximately parallel to one another in FIGS. 1 to 5.
  • Forwarding to devices located behind it can take place by means of beam deflection of wireless optical communication signals outside the device.
  • the wireless, optical communication network 70 has a base station 56, which is designed to transmit the wireless, optical communication signal 16 along a communication axis 58.
  • the wireless, optical communication signal 16 can occupy or illuminate a spatial area.
  • the wireless, optical communication network 70 comprises at least one, for example two or more, three or more, five or more or a higher number of subscriber devices, which are formed, for example, similar to the device 60 from FIG Communication are designed.
  • the direction can be changed passively, that means without renewed signal processing.
  • the number of subscriber devices 60'1 to 60 '3 is arbitrary, and in particular to loading subjected to almost any range can be implemented, since det an intermediate amplification take place in the respective subscriber devices on the wireless optical signal sixteenth
  • the arrangement of the beam-deflecting elements can be dispensed with and / or a Course of the optical axis 58 can be adjusted.
  • the communication system 70 is designed in such a way that the mobile stations 60 1 to 60 3 do not have to be located on the axis 58; they can also be placed next to it.
  • beam-deflecting elements 62 can ensure that the optical signal is deflected from the axis 58 to the mobile station 60. This deflection can be based on reflection, total reflection, refraction or diffraction, for example.
  • An optical signal which is to be sent from the base station 56 to the mobile station 62 3 can be reflected by the element 6O 1 and move as an optical signal in the direction of the mobile station 60 ′ 1 .
  • This sends the signal on in the form of the wireless, optical communication signal 28i, which serves as an input signal 162 for the subscriber device located behind it.
  • the subscriber device 60'i sends the signal further in the direction of the axis 52.
  • the optical element 62 1 reflects the beam, so that the signal transmitted by the device 60'i now propagates in the direction of the following optical element 62 2 .
  • the element 62 2 in turn then directs the optical signal to the mobile optical station 60 '.
  • the 62 m motion gene to the same extent along the axis 58 such as the devices 60'1 to 60 '3, provided that they are movably arranged.
  • the subscriber devices can be movably arranged parallel to the axis 58 and / or parallel to the directions 52 and / or 54.
  • all optical transmitters and / or receivers of the mobile stations can be arranged on one and the same side, the side being related to the course of the axis 58. It is conceivable here that not all mobile stations 62 are located along an axis parallel to axis 58, but rather are arranged around axis 58.
  • Wireless, optical communication signals 16 'or 28' refer to the return signals of the bidirectional communication directed to the base station 56.
  • the wireless, optical communication network 80 includes, for example, two or more wireless, optical subscriber devices 10'1 and 10 '2, the munikations worn relative to the device 10 by an additional com- are set up for bidirectional communication.
  • the wireless optical communication networks described herein always use
  • similarly formed subscriber devices are described, the subscriber devices can also be configured differently from one another, for example by combining some subscriber devices with a beam deflection and / or different signal processing takes place.
  • the subscriber device can 10'i relative to the optical communications signal 16 1 may be disposed between the base station and the subscriber device 10 '. 2
  • the subscriber device 10 '2 may be configured to receive the wireless, optical communication onssignal 16 2 from the subscriber device 10'1.
  • the T can eil thriftvoriques 10'1 be formed to the wireless, optical communication 2 for receiving nikationssignal 28'1 from the subscriber device 10 '.
  • the base station and / or the subscriber devices can be equipped with relative mobility to one another.
  • these explanations refer to the fact that the base station 56 is arranged, for example, in a stationary manner for the relative movement and the subscriber devices are arranged movably, this does not rule out a movement of the base station 56.
  • the wireless, optical communication network 80 can have a reversing element 64 which is designed to change a course of the communication axis 58 in relation to a direction in space, which is indicated by the communication axis 58 '.
  • the deflecting element 64 can, for example, have a reflector, a refractive prism or the like, in order to enable a change in direction of the linear communication channel.
  • the mobile stations can also be moved on a curve or in accordance with the deflection.
  • the communication axes 58/58 ' can in this respect also be understood as a coherent variable axis.
  • a movement of the participants along a corresponding axis of movement can take place along the axis 58/58 'or within the axis 58/58'.
  • the movement axis can have a plurality of areas 66 1 , 662 and / or 663 as well as further areas that can each be straight or curved. While, according to FIG. 8, the movement axis can be essentially completely parallel to the optical axis 58/58 ', the movement axis 66, as described in connection with FIG. 7, can also be inclined thereto, for example perpendicular. Law. Both movements can be combined with each other as you like, because through suitable beam deflection can be ensured that a wireless, optical communication link can always be established.
  • the communication axis 58 can be deflected onto another second communication axis 58 'by means of a deflection element 84 (for example reflector, refractive prism, or the like).
  • the deflecting element deflects the incident beams onto the respective receiver 10 1 or 10 2 .
  • the mobile stations can also drive a curve.
  • the deflection element can be designed in such a way that the connection to the neighboring mobile station does not break off during the entire cornering, for example at the distance 66 2 .
  • the deflecting device can be a complex structure, unlike that shown in FIG. 8.
  • the deflection element can be designed in such a way that data transmission is also made possible at every point along the curve.
  • a mirror can be uneven, that is to say, not planar, for example curved.
  • its surface can be a free form.
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic block diagram of a wireless, optical communication network 90, in which the base station 56 is designed to transmit wireless, optical signals 16a and 16b along at least a first direction and a second direction.
  • the corresponding directions can run antiparallel to one another, that is, opposite to one another.
  • any other angle to one another can also be set.
  • Subscriber devices such as devices 10 1 and 10 2 and / or any other device described herein, can be arranged along either direction.
  • the two wireless, optical communication signals 16a and 16b, which are transmitted along different directions, can have the same information content or information content that differs from one another.
  • the communication axes 58 1 and 58 2 running opposite one another can represent a continuation of the respective other axis in relation to one another. Alternatively, they can also be offset and / or inclined to one another.
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic block diagram of a wireless, optical communication network 100 according to an exemplary embodiment, which can be constructed in a manner similar to that of the wireless, optical communication network 90, the base station being designed is to transmit the wireless, optical communication signals 16a and 16b along an identical direction parallel to one another, wherein a beam-deflecting element 68, which can be formed identically or similarly to the beam-deflecting elements 62 and / or 64, can be arranged around redirect the wireless optical signals between that direction and communication axes 58i and 58 2 .
  • the beam-deflecting element 68 can also be designed to deflect the corresponding return signals 28'a n and 28'b n .
  • the base station has two transmitters and two receivers for bidirectional communication, so that it can communicate with the mobile devices 10‘1, 10‘2,... In both directions along the axis 58 or 58 '.
  • the base station has two transmitters and two receivers for bidirectional communication, so that it can communicate with the mobile devices 10‘1, 10‘2,... In both directions along the axis 58 or 58 '.
  • the base station has two transmitters and two receivers for bidirectional communication, so that it can communicate with the mobile devices 10‘1, 10‘2,... In both directions along the axis 58 or 58 '.
  • a transmitter on one side and a receiver on the other for unidirectional communication, there is a transmitter on one side and a receiver on the other.
  • a further optical element 68 can alternatively be provided, which deflects the signal from the axis 58/58 'towards the base station 56. The deflection can be based on reflection, total reflection, refraction or diffraction.
  • bidirectional communication can
  • 1 1 shows a schematic block diagram of part of a wireless, optical communication system 110 according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • the same transmitter 72 and / or the same receiver 74 can be assigned to both communication directions 58/58 '.
  • the base station 56 can also have two receivers and / or two transmitters. In this case, one transmitter and one receiver are each assigned to one direction along the axis 58/58 'and the other transmitter to the other of the two directions.
  • optical elements 62 and / or 64 can also be located here along the axis 58/58 ', so that the actual mobile stations, subscriber devices, can be located next to the axis.
  • the base station can also be equipped only with receivers or only with transmitters, possibly at the same time. In this configuration it only receives or sends data / wireless, optical signals.
  • the base station can be designed to receive sensor data or the like from the mobile station.
  • a configuration can be designed in such a way that it sends commands to the mobile station.
  • the communication solution defined in the context of the exemplary embodiments uses wireless, optical communication (OEC; here also: Light-Fidelity, Li-Fi) for a linear communication scenario.
  • OEC optical communication
  • the data can be processed before forwarding.
  • no fiber optics are used.
  • a spatially defined communication channel is formed by a medium (air, water, ...) so that different systems in the same place do not interfere with one another, as the channels do not overlap.
  • Achievable data rates can range from a few bit / s to several 10 Gbit / s, although higher data rates are also possible.
  • a noteworthy advantage of this concept lies in the fact that multipath propagation is essentially avoided by a well-defined beam guidance. For example, if the base station were to have several transmitters distributed along the linear axis, this would have to be synchronized, which practically limits the maximum data rate. This problem can be completely or partially avoided with the approaches presented here. Compared to an approach based on beam splitters, this approach enables a greater range, as the signal is processed anew at each participant. In comparison to data light barriers, the concept presented enables not only communication between two participants, but also communication from a base station to any number of mobile participants who can also be referred to as trolleys in connection with the exemplary embodiments described here.
  • the wireless optical communication signal is forwarded by creating it again and sending it again.
  • 12 shows a schematic block diagram of a wireless optical communication network 120 in which subscriber devices 10'1 to 10'n modified for bidirectional communication are arranged along the axis 58.
  • FIG. 12 shows a linear communication scenario consisting of a concatenation of several optical, wireless transceivers.
  • 12 shows a simple implementation of a linear communication scenario based on several linked Li-Fi transceivers.
  • the devices form a “daisy chain”.
  • a base station 56 is located at the beginning of an axis 58 Several, possibly mobile, optical wireless transceivers 10h to 10V. If a transceiver receives an optical signal, it forwards it to the neighboring transceiver.
  • optical signal an electromagnetic wave in the ultraviolet, visible or infrared spectral range is understood to target for example, information from the base station 56 to the station 10 'are transmitted n., The base station sends this information in the form of an optical signal 161 to the mobile station 10'1 or other device according to an embodiment.
  • the mobile station 10'1 detects the signal and then sends it to the station 10 '2 in the form of the signal 28i, which serves as signal 162 for the post-following station. the station 10 '2, the signal detected as well and sends it subsequently to a subsequent station. the signal is then forwarded until it the station 10' reaches n.
  • n General may be possible the transmission in the opposite direction, which alternatively or additionally is implemented. setpoint example, a local date of the mobile station 10 'n Gesen to the base station 56 are detected, this is first sent to the next mobile station in the form of the signal 28'i. The next mobile station detects the signal and sends it in the form of a corresponding signal 28 to the nearest station.
  • the signal is so long, until it reaches in the form of signal 28Vi the device 10'1 and from there in the form of the signal 28 'n, the base station 56 reaches.
  • Communication can be unidirectional or bidirectional. Unidirectional means: only from the base station to the mobile stations or only from the mobile stations to the base station. In this case there are only signals running in one direction. Bidirectional means from the base station to the mobile stations and back. This means that signals can be sent in two directions.
  • Fig. 13 is a schematic block diagram showing a wireless optical communication onsnetztechniks 130, by way of example, the base station 56 and mobile Vorrich- more optionally obligations 10i to 10 comprises n (trolleys).
  • the mobile devices can be optically connected in series so that a wireless optical communication signal (Output signal) of a preceding device represents a wireless optical communication signal (input signal!) Of a subsequent device and thus, for example, a daisy-chain configuration is implemented, which is formed unidirectionally and uses the base station as a source.
  • the (subscriber) devices can be arranged along a route or an area which can also be referred to as a wireless optical data path and which can refer to the area in which the wireless optical signal 16 or forwarded versions thereof can be received .
  • the base station 56 can form a first end of at least one communication section or a communication area or a wireless optical data path.
  • the base station can maintain several such communication areas or supply them with wireless optical communication signals, as is described, for example, for the communication networks 90, 100 or 110, in that the base station sets up wireless optical communication along several directions.
  • Several base stations can also be arranged.
  • a wireless optical receiver 91 can be arranged which is designed to receive the wireless optical communication signal 28 n of the device arranged last in the series 10 n to be received. The receiver can thus receive the forwarded optical signal.
  • the recom- can drip be formed to a data signal, the optical on a received wireless data signal, eg., The wireless optical data signal 28 n of the last trolley along the chain of devices basieret, wired to the base station shall forward.
  • a fiber optic cable can be used for conducting wired optical signals or a cable for conducting electrical signals.
  • the receiver 91 can be designed to forward the signal to the base station 56 via a wired or wireless communication channel 90, for example a cable.
  • the receiver of the base station 56 can be, for example, a wired receiver.
  • All of the trolleys 10 can receive data from the base station 56, but can also send data to the base station 56 in that the receiver 91 transmits this to the base station 56. So it is also a bidirectional communication or a ring configuration.
  • the communication can be carried out, for example, in half-duplex mode.
  • the devices 10i can be carried out individually, in groups or as a global network both in the network 130 and in other networks as devices 10 ′, 20, 30, 40, 50 or 40 will.
  • the hardware expenditure can be considerably reduced here, since devices 40 or 50 are only required once for bi-directional communication. This means that a separate signal can be transmitted and / or received to the base station.
  • a double design for both communication paths can be omitted, which enables simple devices.
  • a further exemplary embodiment relates to a configuration inverted from FIG. 13, in which the base station is a data sink and the device 91 is set up as a transmitter / source of the wireless optical communication signal 167.
  • communication networks described herein with a number of one base station are described, a different, higher number of base stations can alternatively be provided, which communicate with one another using the same or a different communication channel, which can be wired or wireless, for example - ren and / or can be synchronized.
  • one or more devices can also be designed to generate or create signals per se and to send them to the by means of other devices To transmit base station.
  • a base station described herein can be formed from one or more transmitters or one or more receivers for unidirectional communication.
  • the base station can have one or more transmitters and one or more receivers.
  • the base station 56 can be distinguished by the fact that it is the first or the last communication element that detects or transmits the corresponding signal, even if it is arranged in the middle of the axis 58/58 ”, since it provides an information source or information sink, for example can.
  • the base station can also communicate with all mobile stations.
  • the mobile stations / devices / subscriber devices can be designed in such a way that they have a transmitter on one side and a receiver on another or the same side for unidirectional communication.
  • Senders and receivers watch, for example along the axis 58/58 "but for example in different directions. It is only possible to send / forward to the base station or receive / forward to another mobile station.
  • the device can have two or more transmitters or two or more receivers.
  • a transmitter or a receiver look along one direction and another transmitter and another receiver look along another, possibly opposite direction along the axis 58/58 ", or are oriented in that direction.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Optical Communication System (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système comportant un dispositif de communication, qui comprend : un dispositif de réception conçu pour recevoir un premier signal de communication optique sans fil afin d'obtenir un signal électrique sur la base du signal de communication optique sans fil ; un dispositif de traitement conçu pour traiter le signal électrique afin d'obtenir un signal électrique traité ; et un dispositif d'émission conçu pour convertir le signal électrique traité en un deuxième signal de communication optique sans fil de telle manière que le deuxième signal de communication optique sans fil corresponde au moins partiellement au premier signal de communication optique sans fil, et pour envoyer le deuxième signal de communication optique sans fil.
PCT/EP2020/067015 2019-06-19 2020-06-18 Système et réseau pour la communication optique sans fil WO2020254524A1 (fr)

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