WO2020249582A1

WO2020249582A1 - Balloon-guided high-altitude wind turbine generator for generating electric energy

Info

Publication number: WO2020249582A1
Application number: PCT/EP2020/066014
Authority: WO
Inventors: Andreas Nuske; Edmund Schiessle
Original assignee: Andreas Nuske
Priority date: 2019-06-12
Filing date: 2020-06-10
Publication date: 2020-12-17
Also published as: DE102019004106B3

Abstract

There has been a considerable amount of research and development in the use of high-altitude wind energy in the last 15 years. Vastly different theoretical concepts have therefore been proposed, and some prototypes have impressively demonstrated the feasibility as well as the potential of using high-altitude wind energy. To date, however, there does not exist, either in theory or in practice, a wind turbine that operates in particular at high-altitudes (10 km or more) using balloon technology and extensions thereof with the possibility of a sensor-monitored continuous operation that is controlled using signal processors (microprocessors, microcomputers, or measuring PCs), and the published patents and patent applications known until now have always described devices based on completely different technological foundations (as described in chapter 2 "Prior Art"). The aforementioned technological gap is to be filled by the described subject matter of the present invention.

Description

Balloon-guided high altitude wind turbine generator for generating electrical energy 1. Purpose of the invention

Studies and studies by the Ministry of the Environment, the World Wide Fund of Nature and the Federal Association of German Industry have shown that a large part of renewable energy generation can best be achieved with wind energy in addition to photovoltaics, while hydropower, biomass and geothermal energy play a rather subordinate role. In the energetically particularly interesting area of using high-altitude wind energy to generate or convert it into electrical energy, there has been a lively research and development activity in the last 15 years. Today more than 50 companies u. Research institutes active in this technical field. While various theoretical concepts have been proposed and the feasibility as well as the potential of the use of high-altitude wind energy have been impressively demonstrated by some prototypes, theoretically and practically, to our knowledge, there is still no wind turbine that is particularly at greater heights (from 1 km or higher) with the possibility of one sensor-monitored, with signal processors or measuring PC, controlled automated continuous operation, whereby the patent and published documents known today always describe devices based on a different technological basis (as in chapter 2 "State of the art"). This existing gap is to be closed with the subject matter of the invention and its different design variants. In particular, owed to the fact that near the ground the average

Wind speed is approx. 5 m / s (onshore; approx. 8m / s nearshore) and approx. 10 m / s (offshore) and in the area of jet streams is approx. 80 m / s. Since the usable wind power P physically increases with the third power of the wind speed v, this means for example at

Doubling the wind speed eight times the wind power. Under one

If the significantly lower air density at an altitude of approx. 10-18 km is neglected, the average theoretical energy density (kinetic energy) is then around 4,096 times as large as in the vicinity of the ground. Therefore, it must be taken into account that the higher

Wind energies give a higher mechanical strength to the technical components of a

"High altitude wind turbine generator", which can only be achieved through suitable material and constructional measures.

In addition, the high-altitude winds (= e.g. the polar front jet streams, as well as the subtropical jet stream) with their wind outflows in northern regions (40-60th and 20-30th degrees of latitude) in the northern hemisphere and in southern regions southern hemisphere with am Strongest and move in the upper troposphere or lower stratosphere (in approx. 10-18 km altitude). The speeds are between 180 and 540 km / h (50 - 150 m / s) and even higher, the average width of a jet stream (wind band) in the core extends to approx. 150 to 200 km. In addition, there are no turbulent flow fields at great heights, which are caused by obstacles (tall trees or buildings).

The use of solar energy (with the help of photovoltaic systems) is an interesting alternative and environmentally friendly generation of energy; however, it is extremely unfortunate that this type of energy production, due to significantly less

Hours of sunshine, especially in the more northerly latitudes (e.g. at the height of Germany), in relation to the Mediterranean or Sahel zone, is extremely low; In addition, Germany is extremely poorly equipped with regard to usable, climate-friendly raw materials for electricity generation. The fact is, however, that the high winds and their strong winds above> 5,000 m

(Breitengrand Deutschland) are among the most intensive and can therefore be used competitively. Owing to this knowledge, our endeavor was to develop the subject of the invention in its different design variants. Of course is ours

Subject of the invention for global use, preferably for areas with few energy resources, has been developed so that in these countries it is also more than inexpensive

Electricity generation becomes feasible and, moreover, an extremely environmentally friendly one, since the C02 balance in electricity generation operation (electricity harvesting process) tends towards 0%. in the

In contrast to the large wind turbines used in conventional wind energy generation

(“GROWIAN”; wind converter). Cleaning, maintaining and repairing the cost-intensive repair, cleaning and maintenance costs of the rotor blades up to> 100m long and a total height of up to 260 m is a stressful situation for man and machine; while our subject matter and their

system-related, more efficient "elevator operation option" that maintenance, repair and cleaning work can be carried out in a user-friendly manner almost from floor level; This would be an eminent additional benefit, especially in developing countries. Another not too

The underestimating advantage of our subject of the invention is its mobile readiness for use and its adaptability to existing, vertical wind conditions

("Elevator Effect"). The overall structure is designed in such a way that the complete wind converter system including the ground station can be dismantled and reassembled in just a few simple steps.

The search for a location as such is also simplified by our subject matter.

Incidentally, we calculate that the electricity price will be around 3 cents / kW / h; on this scale, the production of synthetic fuel production (fossil fuels: diesel, gas, kerosene) would be a synergetic and sensible addition. Commercialization would therefore not only have an economic, but also an ecological one The advantage is that the low-cost generation of electricity can be carried out in a particularly CO2-neutral way and the fuels produced with it would emit almost CO2-neutrally; This clear and evident advantage is of eminent and future-oriented importance for various economic sectors (airlines, private heating, automobile use, cement production, etc.) and would thus counter the impending climate change in an elegant way; Last but not least, nothing stands in the way of hydrogen production at feasible, low energy prices. With this evolutionary further development of wind power generation through our development object, a “smoother” transition (economy meets ecology) into the hydrogen age would not only be resource-saving and ecologically sensible, but also to the predicted, gloomy climate change (ecologically) more than indicated. Due to its high degree of mobility and flexibility, our development item can be set up directly at a hydrogen producer. The subject of our development and the inexpensive generation of electricity that can be realized with it could also already be desolate

Use areas or regions to operate system-related, energy-hungry and thus cost-intensive desalination plants.

In further design variants of the subject matter of the invention, the wind turbine or

The wind converter is not attached directly to the gas balloon and / or a separate supply kite, but is used to generate electricity by additionally coupling a hybrid air kite, which acts as a transport vehicle. The hybrid air kite is either attached directly to the ground station, if the power generation should take place at lower heights of <1,000 m or attached to a gas balloon or a separate supply air kite at heights of> 1,000 m, but then in a kind of tandem design or . "Petrol station supply unit"; In this way, two independent flying machines are connected to form a hybrid system, so that a strict separation between the supply of the overall system and the actual power generation (Stromemte) is made possible. This has the advantage that the high weight loads of the units / systems described and taken into account (e.g. heavy AC and / or DC generators or up to several

Kilometers of multiple holding ropes, etc.) can sensibly be divided into the functions of "harvesting and supply". Ultimately, this variant should help optimize or maximize electricity generation.

On the basis of our experiments in the "small laboratory", we have found that of the geometrical shapes under consideration, a sphere for stationary, passive use in

Strong wind regions and the associated secure controllability of the overall system (in contrast to actively moving airships [zeppelins]) represent the best choice. Because at the anticipated kinetic forces or wind strengths in the lower stratosphere and / or upper troposphere, it is extremely important that any resistance that occurs from the airworthy, stationary but passive supply units used is kept as low as possible so that the entire system can cope with the massive climatic conditions in continuous use - Can withstand the prevailing changing conditions. In such a tandem system, the focus is on an ideal payload distribution for included emergency situations, which makes it best to implement and, last but not least, significantly economical.

Basically, it must be noted that a pure hybrid air-kite construction for power generation through high winds> 1,000 m is extremely difficult to control and the payload is also significantly reduced due to the construction (sail area vs.

Energy yield and controllability), so that this systemic disadvantage is compensated by a flying supply unit (balloon and separate supply kite) so that automatically or inevitably the total sail area in relation to the wind turbine size or weight can be significantly reduced. The icing problem of the air-kite area alone is more difficult to guarantee from a ground station.

Our subject matter of the invention can of course also be used for other additional benefits, such as: time-related climate measurements, time-related weather data and forecasts, observations of migratory birds and insects, etc .; ideally it would be a stationary, relatively ground-level GPS system.

In order to get a better idea of the meaningfulness and predictive power of the project implementation, we have used the following facts and basic conditions and supplemented them with our own, deliberately simple calculations:

1. An XXL large wind turbine (- "GROWIAN)", like the latest 12 MW Haliade-X

The wind turbine is over 300 m high, a single rotor blade length is approx. 107 m and the wing area is approx. 330 square meters / rotor blade, the total wing area at 3

Rotor blades is therefore approx. 1,000 square meters

2. A GROWIAN weighs approx. 7,000 - 10,000 t, the tower plus foundation weighs approx.

6,500 - 9,000 1, the rotors weigh a total of approx. 75-150 1 and the alternating current generator weighs approx. 250-600 1.

3. a 12 megawatt GROWIAN has an annual electricity yield of approx. 67 GW and can thus supply approx. 22,000 households (each 3,000 kW / year) with electricity

4. The assumed wind speed for calculating the yield is im

Average 5m / s (= 18 km / h; onshore) or 8m / s (= approx. 29 km / h; offshore) 5. A GROWIAN costs between 2.4 to 4.0 million EUR per megawatt of output. vs. Offshore without the laborious and costly maintenance, cleaning and repair work

6. The high altitude winds have an average speed of up to 100m / s (at 180-540 km / h wind speeds)

7. This results in a wind power (theoretical, kinetic energy) of: approx.

• At only 80m / s divided by 5m / s (close to the ground) = factor 20

* Factor 20 power 3 = 4096 - times higher kinetic energy than near the ground (simple, linear calculations [rough approximate value])

8. The theoretical (unimaginable) power generation of a 12 MW Haliade-X wind turbine would amount to approx. 50,000 megawatts of electricity in a linear, simplified view and could thus supply approx would use a jet stream and the resulting

Could control or master rotational speeds and corresponding centrifugal and centripetal forces. This calculation only serves to clarify that an altitude wind turbine, due to the significantly high wind strength, has sufficient structural reserves without having to accept electricity generation losses

9. Because of this incredible potential for kinetic energy, there is a

significant reduction of the wing area of a wind turbine without fear of electricity yield more than possible; Which of course was defined as the declared goal for our high-altitude project, the object of development, so that the weight of the gas balloon system and the associated gas balloon diameter can be relatively small overall and still achieve a significant electricity yield.

10. A balloon with a diameter of e.g. Example 56 m can lift a payload of approx. 701 and the weight of the balloon is approx. 2 liters, the 3 retaining ropes provided (each 14 km long) weigh approx. 5.0 t and the alternating current generator weighs approx. 5.01; so approx. 11.01 total weight.

11. With a payload of 70 t, a theoretical wing area of approx. 504 square meters would be conceivable. This rotor area would result in a theoretical electricity yield of approx. 420 megawatts (assumptions: only at 20 m / s wind speed, an electricity output of approx. 0.013 megawatts / sqm rotor area, at 5 m / s wind speed; that is, far outside the core area of a jet stream) and could thus supply almost 770,000 households with electricity a year. Using this simple one The calculation example shows the potential, which possibilities of meaningful power generation are possible at great heights and how much leeway there is

12. Due to the fact that the material used to manufacture the rotor surfaces is generally hazardous waste that is difficult to dispose of, the following maxim should apply in relation to onshore and offshore wind converters: the smaller the rotor surface, the greater the distance from the ground, the greater the benefit for the environment (no conflict of interest between ecology and economy)

13. In addition, there would be neither impaired noise nor disruptive hindrances for the environment, humans and animals

2. State of the art

The generation of electrical energy by means of wind power is one of the most important uses for the generation of renewable energies worldwide. In large energy systems, the kinetic energy of the wind on rotors is converted into torque and converted into electrical energy in electrodynamic generators. Modern systems very often use rotor blades that are in the wind according to the principle of lift (such as an airplane wing). With these optimal conditions, such systems can use up to 59% of the pure wind energy to generate electrical energy. Whole “wind parks” with wind turbines on tall towers ensure clean, carbon dioxide-neutral electrical energy or electricity on land or offshore at sea.

Many skilled workers see wind turbines on high towers as being phased out.

develop a project partnership therefore test the SkySails Power GmbH, the

EnBW Energie Baden-Württemberg AG, EWE Offshore Service & Solutions GmbH and Leibniz University Hannover developed a fully automated high-altitude wind energy system based on pull-kite technology, which generates energy using a kind of "yo-yo" principle (circular ascent of the air kite in the LUV area as well as a straight one

Relegation on the LAY side; where the air kite is connected to a tether and the generator and by pulling out the tether the energy is generated) ”. The flying kites (also called kiden) generate more electricity than

conventional stationary wind turbines. It is a simple physical fact that when comparing winds close to the ground, the winds at high altitudes have many times more wind energy available. The company SkySails Power GmbH (Hamburg) develops wind power plants based on the well-known SkySails pull-out technology (= also based on the "JoJo principle"), with which the energy potential of the high-altitude wind can be used on an industrial scale for the first time. SkySails Power systems are much cheaper than conventional wind turbine power systems and generate more and more constant electrical power. This means that the costs for "wind power" are lower and the grid stability is better.

The key technology that can be used to generate electrical energy from high-altitude winds is large, fully automatic towing kites.

Solutions GmbH is developing a "kite" with a sails hanging from a steel cable that rotates and replaces the rotor of conventional wind turbines. This means that the new systems can do without costly, very high masts and still use the high-yield wind layers at heights of up to 450 meters.

The “kite” should ascend computer-controlled with an ideal angle of attack in a circular movement. The electrical current is generated in a generator system on the ground, which converts the rotary movement of the outgoing steel cable into electrical energy via a mechanical winch. To retrieve the kite, the umbrella slides into a position in which only a fraction of the energy generated is required to retrieve the tether.

Since there are two umbrellas on each system, a generator is driven alternately and can thus continuously produce electricity. If the wind is strong enough, the generator can work close to its optimal speed. By controlling both kites, it is possible to achieve high climbing performance even at comparatively weak wind speeds. According to the Dax group Eon, this technology has the potential to change the offshore wind energy market significantly. In direct comparison to conventional

Wind turbines allow kite power systems to be produced more cheaply and are easier to install and maintain, says Eon. The systems could also be installed in waters with a depth of more than 40 meters. This makes it possible to open up new offshore markets off the coasts of Portugal, Japan or the USA.

The Makani company is developing an “intelligent energy” that can generate around 50% more electricity than a conventional wind turbine rotor. The company has been part of Google X since 2013, which is looking for new, more efficient ways to convert wind into energy. To achieve this, Makani built an airplane that actually looks more like a drone but is tied to the ground like one. The main components are: a (or aircraft), a line, a ground station, a computer and eight rotors on the kite which work similarly to the blades on a rotor of a conventional wind turbine. The main plant flies on a circular path. Air movements over the rotors drive you Generator that generates electrical energy. The electrical energy is transferred down to the ground station through the wire straps. A station generally takes up significantly less space than a conventional wind turbine. However, it cannot be used in places (which are suitable for conventional wind turbines) such as areas that are very hilly or of the

Ground station too far away to be installed. If it is technically necessary, the ground station makes it possible to hold the main plant easily, as it can be unwound with a strap.

It was important for us to develop a system that can basically cope with unpredictable weather turbulence and that can theoretically be used anywhere on earth. The maximum claim should be for a significantly better cost / benefit ratio, im

Relation to the previously documented competition ideas and systems that have already been implemented. The control and utilization of high-altitude winds, including the most extreme weather conditions, is an extremely demanding challenge that ours

Subject of the invention or its design variants optimally solves. Of course, our subject matter of the invention can also be used in x <1,000 m; however that lies

Mainly used in much higher regions in order to achieve maximum power generation and this in continuous operation with low maintenance intervals. Our

The subject of the invention will largely act autonomously under software control and take over the control, operation and control function of the entire unit using self-optimizing algorithms.

The weather balloons consist e.g. made of extremely elastic rubber. They can easily reach an altitude of 38 km before they burst and the probe returns to the ground with a radio-controlled parachute. Hot air balloons are e.g. Made of a special, tear-resistant nylon material, which is also used to make spinnakers or stunt kites. Gas balloons are made of a specially sealed fabric that resembles that of an air mattress or one of the well-known yellow rain jackets. Further materials are carbon fiber reinforced polyamides which, thanks to their integrated carbon fibers or artificial spinning side (biological steel), have very high strength, impact resistance and increased elongation at break. The material is particularly suitable for the use of mechanically highly stressed components that require a minimum of toughness. Next are flame retardant polyamides due to their special properties

Properties of interest for good detail resolutions, especially for housings and stressed fasteners, in which increased flame protection and thin wall thicknesses are advantageous. Materials with hollow glass spheres made of polyamide and carbon fiber filling are suitable for applications in components with small mass, high strength and the like. Require rigidity and a high thermal load. Sensors record a wide variety of physical parameters such as air pressure, temperature and humidity while the balloon is gaining altitude and continuously transmit all measurement data, e.g. via radio data transmission, to the ground station. The measurement of the air pressure is nowadays only optional with many probes, since the mathematical determination from the GPS height replaces a measurement, but not in cases where a very high measurement accuracy is necessary. There are also so-called wind probes, which are optically tracked instead of the earlier ones

Wind rises, ie balloon with radar reflector without radiosonde, were used. This means that only the wind direction and wind speed should be recorded. These sensors have a simpler structure and are therefore cheaper, since no sensors and their signal processing are necessary. Some probes are particularly light and simple in design, characterized by a low battery capacity and lower transmission power, but they are only suitable for measurements in the troposphere. Today, temperature sensors are rarely used because they can only transmit one temperature. Provided with simple electronic analog circuits that changed the frequency of a tone according to the temperature and transmitted it to the ground station in a frequency-modulated manner via a small transmitter. In the event of small measurement errors, the ascending height could only be recorded using radar with appropriate reflectors. Today, data is transmitted in the frequency range from 400 MHz to 406 MHz. Depending on the sensor type, channels are assigned different bandwidths. Modern sensor systems only occupy around 5 kHz. Each point of ascent uses the frequencies assigned to it. As a rule, there is a main frequency and an alternate / restart frequency that is used if the probe that has already started is faulty and a restart is necessary or the main frequency can no longer be used due to interference. There are also radio sensor systems which transmit data in the frequency range of 1.68 GHz. Many systems also have adjustable mechanisms to switch off according to defined, defined malfunctions in flight. In addition to the transmission of physical measurement data, telemetry is usually also possible for the internal measurement variables for monitoring, e.g. battery voltage, temperature of the microprocessor or a current and voltage measurement of external sensors for function monitoring. Despite ever lighter systems, a balloon volume of the appropriate size is required for physical reasons in order to achieve the required operating altitude. According to the WMO recommendation, the ascent should take place at around 300 m per minute. If systems fall back to the ground due to malfunctions or collisions with other physical airworthy objects, autonomous or automatic radio-controlled parachutes can be used very helpful to reduce the falling speed. The speed of fall achieved cannot be reliably predicted when using simple parachutes because the function of the parachute is caused by tangled ropes or Impact with system residues or foreign bodies can always be affected to different degrees.

3. Technical structure and physical effect of the subject matter of the invention and different embodiments

High wind is the name for the essentially horizontal constant air movement in the free atmosphere, in which the influence of the ground due to frictional forces is no longer or only slightly aerodynamically effective. The direction and speed of the high-altitude wind, however, depend on the respective weather conditions and the like. are physically determined by the horizontal pressure and temperature distribution. The high wind in the troposphere (from 0 to 20 km) increases with altitude and reaches below the tropopause in the

Jet streams at their greatest speed. These atmospheric wind bands reach wind speeds of up to 150 m / s (540 km / h) with an almost horizontal flow axis (jet axis), decreasing rapidly both vertically and horizontally with increasing distance from the flow center. They are formed by the global

Compensatory movements between different temperature regions or high pressure and low pressure areas and represent the strongest naturally occurring winds, whereby they always occur very reliably and stable over several days compared to the other weather phenomena. Warm and cold air masses can separate briefly. However, they swirl quickly through vertical movements. The warm air masses are deflected by the Earth's rotation on their way to the North Pole, but they maintain their high orbital speed.

The invention provides an apparatus for generating electrical energy which comprises at least the following:

a) A ground station that stands on the ground or is attached to it,

b) an altitude balloon filled with gas, which in an operating position of the

The ground station is vertically spaced and held at the ground station by at least one tether,

c) a wind turbine rotatably mounted on the high-altitude balloon with a wind turbine axis which drives an alternating and / or direct current generator arranged on the high-altitude balloon to generate electrical power,

d) at least one power line element, which is drawn between a first central unit arranged on the high-altitude balloon and a second central unit arranged at the ground station and which conducts the generated current from the first central unit into the second central unit. Fig.l shows a simple construction variant of the subject of the invention in a detailed

Description of all the individual units to be taken into account, i.e. a mechatronic principle structure, of a balloon-guided device of an altitude wind turbine generator for generating electrical energy or electrical current. A balloon 1.1 filled with a suitable gas is used as the buoyancy system. Recommended rate of climb approx. 5 m / s measured at the starting balloon.

The balloon envelopes and technical applications must be as light as possible for weight reasons. You must be able to expand well without becoming leaky, in order not to let the gas in the interior escape. In addition to latex, classic materials for envelope production are mainly rubber or synthetically obtained materials. However, high-performance film for balloon envelopes as well as installation sleeves for sensors, feed-through sleeves for cables and degassing sleeves for valves must be absolutely tear-proof and perforation-resistant. For example, 15 mi ^h to 25 pm thick films made of an impact-resistant and puncture-resistant polyethylene resin or of carbon fiber-reinforced polyamide and / or artificial spinning side with integrated carbon fibers that also have very high strength, impact resistance and, for a fiber-reinforced material, increased elongation at break and flame protection. A fiber made from artificially produced spider silk, also known as biological steel (AMSilk), has a very low weight and is approx. 25 times more resilient than a comparable technical steel wire.

High-performance plastics such as semi-transparent thermoplastics based on polyamide do not burn and can withstand loads of up to around 500 ° C. Powder-based materials for additive manufacturing are also suitable for many other applications, e.g. for housing and high

Stressed fasteners in which an increased flame retardancy and thin

Wall thickness is beneficial. In order to protect the climbing balloon from extreme physical, chemical and biological environmental conditions and thus to keep it at the desired height, it should preferably also be wrapped in a multilayer or single-layer balloon bag and / or mesh / balloon net, which is also covered with the tether (1.2) can be connected to the alignment of the overall system optimally towards

Ensure the windward side (= LUV) and prevent kinking.

Consisting of adequately compatible materials of any kind that are ideally suited to meteorological weather problems, e.g. To withstand icing. Also, in the outer layer of the balloon bag, there should preferably be a de-icing and defrosting device (e.g.

thermal filament of metallic and / or plastic-technical type), which are fed from the above-mentioned energy sources (secondary circuit). The balloon is equipped with a gas differential pressure sensor (1.8) in the upper part of the balloon and with a sensor-controlled gas pressure control valve (1.9) in the lower part of the balloon. The gas balloon is mechanically rigidly connected to a stable housing (1.2) of the technical central unit 1 in the line connections of different technology, such as technical electrical u. Gas connections, are housed. A wind turbine (1.4) for generating the mechanical torque for driving the following alternating current generator (1.5) for generating the electrical energy or the electrical alternating current is installed underneath. The wind turbine (1.4) can be mechanically constructed in such a way that it has a continuous drive shaft with central ball bearings, whereby the lower shaft end is provided with a suitably shaped, not too heavy metal flywheel (1.27) which simultaneously acts as a mechanical coupling for driving an alternating current Generator (1.5) can be used. As a result of the rotation of the flywheel, the fluctuations in speed caused by the fluctuations in the wind current can be dynamically well balanced or damped. At the same time, the spatial position of the central axis of the high-altitude wind generator is well stabilized against medium gusts of wind. If necessary, the wind turbine (1.4) can be limited with a suitable eddy current brake by detecting the rectified generator voltage. The downstream electrical transformer (1.6) has a primary winding for connection to the alternating current generator (1.5) and two

Secondary windings, the secondary winding 1 for the generation of electrical energy for the end user and the secondary winding 2 for the generation of the

Supply voltages for sensory, analog and digital electronic or radio components (FM or PGM technology) in the technical central unit (1.1). In addition, a small, lightweight Li accumulator can be installed in the technical central unit, e.g. To compensate for flow fluctuations or to bridge over the

rectified AC voltage of the secondary winding 2 can be charged, and is thus generated as a buffered supply voltage. For a low-loss transmission of electrical energy over a distance of approx. 20 km with a suitable electrical line in (1.3), a high voltage and a small alternating current are generated with the help of the secondary winding 1 of the transformer (1.6). This is converted into a small direct current using a rectifier (1.7) so that only a very small voltage loss occurs in the lines (high-voltage line and return line with shielding). The lower end of the high voltage return line in the shielded cable (1.3) is connected to a suitable

Inverter (1.10), e.g. connected to precisely controlled IGBTs, which transforms a small direct current to a higher voltage level and thus generates a correspondingly large alternating voltage. A second transformer (1.11) then generates a very high AC voltage converted into a very low AC voltage. Then an electrical energy store (1.16) for energy buffering with a frequency converter (1.22) generates a frequency adjustment which feeds the AC voltage into a suitable electrical cable 2 (1.21), adapted to the consumer needs. A gas buffer (1.15) is provided for filling gas buffering. The entire tied, floating upper part of the device is anchored in a base plate (1.17) using three strong wire ropes. The wire ropes are provided with strain gauge technology so that the mechanical tension of the wire ropes can be continuously monitored. A device (1.14) is used to tighten and monitor the unwinding and winding up of the three holding wire ropes (1.12 with integrated strain gauge application and a cable hose (1.3). A thick base plate (1.17) is arranged with three, each at 120 ° against each other offset pillars (1.18), (1.19) and (1.20) anchored extremely strongly in the ground (1.23). Via the secondary winding 2 of the transformer (1.6) the DC supply voltages for sensor, analog and digital microelectronic as well as transmission components (FM technology or PCM ) in the technical central unit 2 (1.13). In the three parachute boxes (1.24), (1.25) and (1.26), equipped with the appropriate acceleration sensors or radio technology, three braking parachutes can be ejected at the same time, which for a soft landing also in the case of worry about a crash.

Fig. 1 b shows modifications to Fig. 1 to the effect that there are additional tethers (1.122) on the completely enclosing balloon net grid (1.29) with integrated, software and sensor-supported, autonomous / automatic or via remote control (emergency plan), de-icing and thawing device (e.g. Heating wires) its reinforced, stretchable but tensile central straps (1.30), which surround the balloon in the middle from north to south (180 or 360 degrees) and / or in the middle from east to west (180 or 360 degrees) as well as additional holding ropes on the upper mounting platform ( 1.29) and the lower mounting platform (1.30) of the wind turbine (1.4) including alternating / direct current generator (1.5) with preferably upstream, software and sensor-supported, autonomous / automatic or remote-controlled gears (e.g. planetary gears) with or without a supporting eddy current brake In order to accelerate or decelerate the speed of the drive shaft of the generator, the execution already described and of course the primary tether (1.12) which connects the gas balloon unit to the floor platform. The tethers (1.12 and 1.122) should preferably be attached to electrical, _S oftware- and sensor-based, autonomous / automatic or via remote control (emergency plan), Seilfixierungs- or -Straffungsvorrichtungen (1,121), optimally aligned and permanently to the riser balloon with integral wind turbine to be able to. FIG. 2 shows the simplified signaling detailing associated with the device-related FIG. 1, as well as the associated signal flows of mechanical, electrical and electronic measurement, control and regulation variables. Due to the prevailing physicochemical, aerostatic and metrological environmental influences, only one with a suitable carrier gas (such as Eh, H _e ) or with a suitable carrier gas mixture (such as Eh, CH4, CO, ...) can be used as the buoyancy system for the subject of the invention into the troposphere. ) filled climbing balloon 2.1 come into consideration. The outer boundary layer of the high-altitude winds is located on the upper outside of a balloon and the boundary layer of the carrier gas is on the inside of the balloon. At the upper measuring point of the balloon, the effective pressure difference between the external pressure of the balloon and the internal pressure of the balloon can be measured with relatively few errors.

A suitable differential gas pressure sensor (2.8) is installed at the upper measuring point. This consists of two suitable and exactly identical sensors (eg piezoelectric sensors), preferably in a common housing. These pressure sensors are each used 4 times (2.19) via two lines by clever wiring, reduced to just three, the ones with microelectronic signal processing for the evaluation and documentation of two individual and one differential pressure signals. The upper pressure sensor is in contact with the outside atmosphere and thus records the altitude pressure in the troposphere and thus the current altitude (altitude). The lower pressure sensor has contact with the carrier gas of the balloon and thus records its internal pressure (pressure rise). The two separately recorded pressure sensor signals enable a statement to be made about the filling level of the gas (gas pressure) through electronic difference formation between the voltage signals. Since the internal pressure and external pressure are almost exactly the same when the balloon is in the state of impact, this enables an electronic zero-difference signal to continuously monitor the status of the balloon and thus a possible calibration of the system during the measurement. The sensors used and their sensor lines can be printed extremely thinly on the technological basis of conductive nano inks. The advantages of printed sensors and their sensor cables are obvious, since they are not only extremely thin and therefore also very light and very flexible and can be manufactured very inexpensively, but can also perform measurement tasks very reliably. The further wiring of the lines takes place in the technical central unit (2.2) so that the differential voltage and an individual voltage are available so that they are converted into suitable frequency-analogue signals via two suitable electronic voltage-frequency converters and thus directly with a suitable one Microcomputer / signal processor in the technical central unit (2.13) can be processed algorithmically for measurement and control applications. A frequency-analog transmission of the measurement signals generally permits low-error signal transmission, since the frequency evaluation of the

Measurement signals due to the cable length of the transmission path and due to electromagnetic interference signals, there is almost no physical drop in the signal amplitudes. There is also another technical possibility for electrical signal transmission. The two electrical sensor signals can e.g. can also be converted into a suitable analog direct current signal via suitable preamplifiers and suitable DC voltage / AC current converters (DC / AC converters), which are also transmitted at the end of the cable via a suitable AC current / DC voltage converter (AC / DC Converter) is converted back into a suitable analog voltage signal. Due to the high-resistance termination of the transmission cable, almost currentless transmission is possible so that the length of the conductor causes an almost negligible attenuation of the signal strength. However, it must be ensured that the lines are very effectively shielded against electromagnetic interference signals (EMC), e.g. via high-quality shielded coaxial cables. With almost all types of signal transmission, the sensor signals can also be processed via analog / digital converters and a microcomputer for measurement and control applications. Various modulation methods are available for wireless transmission technology with a transmitter and receiver (HF technology) in the approved and suitable frequency band. In the simplest case, an amplitude modulation (AM) or somewhat more complex and interference-free with a frequency modulation (FM) in FM / FM telemetry or pulse amplitude modulation (PCM) in PCM telemetry. A suitable gas pressure regulating valve (2.9) for filling (2.12) is installed on the underside of the balloon (2.1), extremely gas-tight in the balloon envelope. Pressure increase or evacuation (2.16) i.e. Pressure reduction of the balloon pressure installed with a corresponding carrier gas. The height position can be regulated via a gas pressure control valve (2.9). The difference signal of the adjustable carrier gas density (target value) and the current air density in the troposphere (actual value) forms a signal via an electronic controller to control the actuator (2.9, gas pressure valve) to initiate a desired balloon height correction (control process) for the rebound height via a controller - valve line (2.17). The filling of the balloon with

Carrier gas takes place via a gas storage tank (2.30) with a gas line hose (2.17) and emptying with a controllable gas valve (2.9) via valve connection (2.16) for height correction. Fluctuations in the carrier gas can be buffered in predefined value ranges using a suitable gas reservoir (2.15). The climbing balloon (2.1) is with the

Technical central unit (2.2) is elastically connected directly to the technical central unit via a rigid mechanical coupling Kl or via a suitable lightweight network construction, for example consisting of an extremely resilient artificial spider side which envelops the balloon in a suitable manner. In the technical central unit (2.2) are various distribution and Linking connections for the lines (2.17), (2.18), (2.19) and (2.15) as well as the inlet and

Conductors of the sensor signals and the energy carrier lines accommodated in an EMC-compliant manner. The technical central unit (2.2) is connected to a suitable gas or wind turbine (2.4; e.g .: with orthogonal, wing-like blades) via a rigid mechanical coupling K2. There are generally different variants or embodiments of wind turbines which are differently suitable for the subject matter of the invention. A so-called Savonius rotor (invented by Sigurd Savonius) for use in the subject matter of the invention is described as an example. See also the drawings from the Austrian patent specification by Savonius (1925). The selected embodiment consists of several shovel-shaped, overlapping, freely axially movable blades, which are installed along the vertical axis of rotation and fixed between two circular end plates with central bores in a suitable tubular housing. The upper end disk of the housing is then connected to the technical central unit (2.2) via a rigid mechanical coupling K2. The vertical axis of the wind turbine now enables it to operate independently of the wind direction. If necessary, the wind turbine (2.4) can be limited in its speed with an eddy current brake by recording the generated rectified generator voltage. The alternating current generator (2.5) is firmly connected to the wind turbine (2.4) via a rigid coupling ring K3 by means of its centrally ball-bearing drive shaft. The air currents set the wind turbine (2.4) in rotation, which in turn serves as a mechanical drive for the alternating current generator (2.5), which then supplies the electrical energy or the desired electrical current (2.20). The wind turbine (2.4) can be mechanically constructed in such a way that it has a continuous, central ball-bearing drive shaft (K3), the lower shaft end being provided with a suitably shaped, not too heavy metal flywheel (2.28) which then simultaneously acts as a mechanical coupling K3 for the drive of an alternating current generator (2.5) can be used, the fluctuations in speed caused by the rotation of the flywheel

Fluctuations in wind power can be generated, dynamically balanced or dampened. At the same time, the spatial position of the central axis of the high-altitude wind generator is well stabilized against medium gusts of wind. If necessary, the wind turbine (2.4) can be limited with a suitable eddy current brake by detecting the generated rectified generator voltage. The generated electrical energy then flows via a suitable electrical cable into the primary winding of an electrical transformer (2.6), with an electrical alternating voltage being made available in the secondary coil when there is a load. The electrical alternating current generator (2.5) is firmly connected to the electrical transformer (2.6) via a rigid mechanical coupling K4, which is connected via a primary winding for connection to the alternating current generator and two secondary windings. A secondary winding 1 is used to generate the electrical end-user energy and a secondary winding 2 is used to generate the electrical power supplies for sensor, analog and digital microelectronic and transmission components (e.g. often FM or PCM technology) in the technical central unit (2.2). Another technological possibility for generating electrical energy for the electrical partial voltages of the electrical subsystems mentioned above is that the balloon envelope is covered with a mosaic of individual small and light photocell modules based on extremely thin, elastic and stable nanomaterials, e.g. made of graphene or To cover carbon fibers with fiberglass, or similar suitable combinations. The small electrical primary voltage

(Low voltage) is transformed by the suitable electrical and magnetic properties of the transformer (2.6) with the secondary winding 1 into a relatively high secondary voltage (high voltage), which is then fed to a suitable high voltage rectifier (2.7) so that a very small secondary direct current in the electrical load case (2.25) flows. Furthermore, the secondary direct current can be connected to a suitable inverter (2.10), particularly mechanically and with little electrical loss, via a low-resistance, well electrically insulated and high-frequency-technically well-shielded light direct current cable (2.26), which can be easily controlled mechanically via a suitable and low-friction ball-bearing cable drum. with precisely controlled IGBTs. Furthermore, the high electrical alternating voltage (high voltage) is transformed into a small alternating voltage (low voltage) with the aid of a suitable transformer (2.11) and fed to a frequency converter (2.24). The frequency converter converts the alternating current of a certain voltage and frequency into an alternating current with a different voltage and frequency so that the technical data are operationally compatible with the electrical consumer data and can be adjusted as required. The electrical energy is temporarily stored with a suitable electrical buffer (2.30) for energy buffering. The electrical energy is then made available for use by a suitable low-voltage cable (2.21) for a consumer network or an electricity power station.

In the technical central unit (2.13, mechatronic central unit) pneumatic as well as electromechanical and sensory measuring, control and Control devices and a central microcomputer or signal processor installed. The central unit (2.13) is rigidly connected to the inverter (2.10) via a mechanical coupling K7. The respective surfaces of the three holding wire ropes are each provided with strain gauge technology so that the mechanical tension states of the holding wire ropes can be monitored at the same time. A suitable device (as sketched in Fig. 2 as an electromechanical tether box (2.23)) consists of a suitable electric motor that is connected to its drive shaft with its holding pulley and a suitable multi-stage potentiometric rope sensor for detecting the extended rope length, as well as for monitoring the wire rope tensioning and monitoring the unwinding and winding of the holding Wire ropes (2.14) and a central cable hose (2.26) with a shielded signal cable (2.19) for recording the current heights and monitoring the state of impact of the balloon (2.1) and a shielded signal cable (2.20) for controlling the gas pressure valve (2.9) and a coaxial cable (2.25) with a shield (2.26) for controlling the transformer (2.11) for generating the electrical consumer energy or alternating current. The data line cable 2.20 is used for the bidirectional transmission of external physical signals for the control and logging of the ongoing work processes. The sensor-controlled winding and unwinding device (1.14) provided for the holding wire ropes (1.12) for each holding rope can, in an emergency, mutate into a turbo high-speed cable winding device, so that broken holding ropes can be retrieved faster than their falling speed; as a result, they cannot cause any uncontrollable damage to the outside area of the ground station in the “worst case scenario”.

Fig. 3a Design variant 2 and the following - gas ball or gas balloon with laterally surrounded wind turbine ring ("Corona")

In addition to FIG. 1, FIG. 3ai ₊₂ shows variation variants or possibilities of the

Subject matter of the invention to the effect that the wind turbine blades (3.3) are located directly on the outer edge of the gas balloon (3.1) as a surrounding wind turbine ring. The technical structure corresponds to the design units and features of FIGS. 1 and 2 described in detail above, which are located inside or on the gas balloon and / or fastening platform of the gas balloon, the gas balloon being made up of 2 x halves or of multi-part There is balloon fragments that are attached to an axial, hermetically sealing hollow disk (3.2; a type of disc) and its gas management device as described above. Due to the design, two or more

Discus disks are taken into account in the structure, with the use of more than one discus including wind turbine blades supporting the electric motor, the respective

The direction of travel should preferably be opposite. Inside the disc (3.2) is a flat, solid and dynamically flexible wheel disc (3.4), which has a

System termination coupling (3.20) is sealed, fixed and permanently lubricated with low-viscosity oils, to which the individual wind turbine blades (3.3), which can be swiveled 360 degrees and are supported by an electric motor, are attached. Inside the disc is the AC / DC generator (3.5), preferably an additional, upstream electro- / electromechanical, speed-adaptive gear (eg planetary gear;

accelerating or decelerating) to regulate the forces acting on the generator, with the current conductor (3.10a) attached to the left and / or right, which consists in the legs (3.18) of the construction in the turntable (3.7) directly to the systemic central unit (3.0) from the design features or positions [(see Fig. 1): the technical central unit (1.2), the alternating current generator (1.5) the electrical transformer (1.6) the electrical

Rectifier (1.7) and the eddy current brake (1.28)]. The turntable (3.7) is in turn located on an anchoring plate (3.8) and the parachute boxes (3.81) attached to the side.

The entire discus disc (3.2) is secured by reinforced tethers and / or straps (3.19) as well as the intended balloon net (3.22) with integrated software and sensor-controlled autonomous and / or remote-controlled (emergency function) de-icing system (e.g. heating wires) from above directly on the turntable (3.7), additionally fastened to prevent twisting so that it cannot tip over. The reinforced tethers and / or straps are over

Rope regulation units (3.23), depending on requirements, can be tightened or adjusted. The floating balloon unit or the turntable (3.7) is connected directly to the base plate [(3.9); via the anchoring plate (3.8); analogous to Fig. 1 of the base plate (1.17) including all described components: electrical inverter (1.10), electrical transformer (1.11), tether (1.12), technical center (1.13), gas storage and buffer (1.15), electrical energy storage and energy buffer (1.16)] firmly connected. The rotating wind blades (3.3) drive the continuous, twist-stiffened, dynamic drive axle including the integrated rotor, which leads to the generation of electricity within the generator. The wind vanes (3.3) can consist of a dynamic, rather rigid and / or semi-flexible material and / or of a dynamic, flexible material (similar to sail materials); Furthermore, it is conceivable that the flexible material is a kind of tear-resistant nylon material or a similarly usable material, which is controlled by an electrical and / or electro-pneumatic winding and unwinding device integrated in the wind vanes for the entire windsail area, so that the The area exposed to the wind can be significantly reduced and thus the entire unit is significantly protected. The up and

Unwinding device is characterized in that the winding and unwinding device is integrated on one side of the windshield frame and the tensioning devices for the "canvas" are ideally located on the opposite side and / or the side windshield frame. The electricity generated by the rotating wind turbine and its rotation within the generator, including the gearbox and current vortex brake, is from the conductor (3.10 a left [= left] and / or 3.10 b right [= right]) to the power consumption unit (Fig.1.10 and following) on the base plate (3.9; 1.17).

At the same time, 2 tether ropes, which are attached to the wind turbine ring and to a turntable (3.7) attached to the base plate, so that there is no twisting of the tether ropes (3.19) in strong turbulence or severe weather conditions.

In addition to Fig. 3ai + 2, Fig. 3b shows modification variants or possibilities in that the balloon version also has a software and sensor-supported, autonomous or remote control (emergency plan) controlled air kite (3.12), in the function of a kind of " Weathercock ”, namely to align the entire system in the optimal wind direction (= LUV or LAY), which is attached to the hollow disc or disc (3.2) with tethers (3.11).

In addition to Fig. 3ai + 2 and Fig. 3b, Fig. 3c shows modification variants or - possibilities to the effect that the wheel disc (3.4) can only consist of individual, fixed but dynamic spokes or rods (3.13), which are located directly in the center of the Discus disk on the E-generator and its drive shaft (3.5) and possibly upstream, additional gear are attached; the rigid and / or pivotable wind vanes (3.3; adjustment option in the direction of "LUV or LAY") are thus attached to the spokes or rods (3.13).

In addition to FIGS. 3ai + 2 to 3c, FIG. 3d shows modification variants or possibilities to the effect that, in addition, a central axis (3.21) which is 180 degrees axial to the

Disc is positioned axially; On this central axis, the holding ropes (3.19) can be regulated either via rope regulating units (3.23) and / or via the rope regulating units (3.24), depending on the requirements, to tighten or adjust the holding ropes or straps.

In addition to Fig. 3ai + 2 to Fig. 3d, Fig. 3e and 3f show modification variants or possibilities to the effect that swiveling turbo propellers (3.15) or

"Sideprops", similar to drone drives, are attached to the disc (3.2) offset at an angle or laterally so that they do not disrupt the primary function of the wind turbine (= power generation) in terms of turbulence. The "Sideprops" can be controlled by software and sensors, autonomously or with the help of a remote control (emergency plan) and, if necessary, not only provide additional buoyancy for the subject of the invention, but also improve alignment of the wind turbine in the wind direction (LUV or LAY [Security aspect]). The power supply of the "Sideprops" can be generated directly via the on-board power, with the help of a secondary circuit with a software-based control function and / or directly from the ground station, via a power flow reversal function of the power flow and / or directly through an additional secondary circuit, but directly from the Starting from ground station.

In addition to Fig. 3ai + 2 to 3f, Fig. 3g shows modification variants or possibilities to the effect that x-rudders (3.14), preferably 2 rudders, are angularly or laterally offset on the hollow disc or disc (3.2) , which is also controlled by a software and sensor-supported, electrical control unit (3.21) whose 360-degree pivotability, with regard to optimal alignment of the wind turbine or the entire floating unit in the wind direction (LUV or LAY), autonomously or via

Remote control controls.

Fig. 4 Design variant 3 and the following (gas ball or gas balloon with wind turbine encircling the front "type of paddle wheel principle")

Shows an additional variant of the subject matter of the invention, whereby inside the

Gas balloons (4.4) of the alternating / direct current generator (4.1) including those described above

Execution features are located, which is attached to an axially running, stable hollow cylinder (4.0). The wind turbine blades (4.5) are at the respective end of the hollow axle (4.0) which are attached to a dynamic, twist-resistant, stable drive axle (4.3), an electro- and / or electro-pneumatic axle attachment with integrated

Axle lubrication device (4.2; e.g. low-viscosity oil), which is connected to a turntable (4.7) via stable holding ropes (4.6) and / or holding rods in order to prevent any undesirable twisting, which in turn is attached to an anchoring plate (4.10) and this is as above already carried out, fixed to the base plate with tethers, like a kind of paddle wheel (Mississippi steamer) attached to orbit the balloon; Inside the hollow axle there is a continuous, twist-stiffened drive axle (4.3), which is driven directly by the wind turbine and then drives the centrally mounted rotor (4.11) in the AC / DC generator (4.1) and the current generated thereby flows through the Power cable 1 and the exemplary embodiments and units described in detail and located in FIGS. 1 and 2 on the ground station in the eg provided power supply network or sensible power storage unit. In this case, an electro / electro-mechanical, adaptive gear for reduction or acceleration should preferably be in front of the generator unit upstream, which directly drives the rotor to generate electricity in the generator (4.1). The wind turbine blades for their part (4.5) can consist of a dynamic, rather rigid material and / or of a dynamically flexible material; Preferably, the flexible material consists of a kind of tear-resistant nylon material (similar to canvas materials) or a better, meaningful material for the purpose, which is preferably by one in the

Wind scoops integrated, electrical and / or electropneumatic open and

Unwinding device for the entire windsail area is controlled so that at

Weather turbulence, the surface of the wind can be significantly reduced and thus the entire unit is significantly protected. The winding and unwinding device is characterized in that the winding and unwinding on one side in the wind vane frame

Unwinding device is integrated and ideally a tensioning device for the "canvas" is located on the opposite side.

In addition to FIG. 4a, FIG. 4b shows modification variants or options for

Subject of the invention to the effect that an air kite (4.8), which is equipped with a tether guide (4.6) and then folded ropes (4.61) and an anti-slip

Twisting unit (4.7) is connected; alternatively, the air kite can also be attached using conventional attachment options (4.9).

In addition to FIGS. 4a and b, FIG. 4c shows modification variants or possibilities of the subject matter of the invention to the effect that additionally software and sensor-supported, electric motor-controlled, 360-degree swiveling x-rudders (4.13), preferably 2

Rudder, which are attached at an angle or offset to ensure an optimal

Alignment of the wind turbine or the entire floating unit in the wind direction (LUV or LAY), autonomously or by remote control (emergency plan).

In addition to Fig. 4a to 4c, Fig. 4d shows modification variants or possibilities of the subject matter of the invention in that additional electric motor-controlled, 360 degree swivel turbo propellers or "sideprops" (4.14), analogous to drone drives on the central axis (4.0) be fastened at an angle or offset so that they do not

Power generation of the wind turbine, caused by wind turbulence, disturb. The turbo propellers are controlled by software and sensors, autonomously or with the help of a remote control (emergency plan) and, if necessary, not only provide additional buoyancy for the subject of the invention, but also ensure better alignment of the wind turbine in the wind direction (LUV or LAY [safety aspect]) . The power supply of the "Sideprops" can Electricity generated directly on board, with the help of the secondary circuit

software-based control function and / or starting directly from the ground station via a reverse function possibility of the current flow and / or directly through an additional secondary circuit, however, starting directly from the ground station.

Fig. 5 Design variant 4 and following (gas ball or gas balloon with separate, integrated hybrid proper air kite [= HPL))

In addition to FIG. 1, FIG. 5a shows modification variants or possibilities of the subject matter of the invention to the effect that electricity is not generated directly around or on the gas balloon, but indirectly, with the aid of a connected or coupled hybrid proper air kite (5.1; = HPL ), is produced. This HPL is characterized in that it is on a landing device (5.2), which is on the base plate together with the described

Additional units and already described design features and units of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is located, which is directly connected to the central axis (5.12) of the balloon unit (5.11) by means of corresponding stable holding ropes (5.3). The balloon unit can go up independently and first and the HPL follows the gas balloon with a time lag. In this tandem, the balloon unit forms the supply unit and the software and sensor-supported, autonomous / automatic and or remote-controlled HPL exclusively forms the power generator; All “ballast” that is irrelevant to electricity generation is taken over by the balloon unit.

In addition to FIG. 5a, FIG. 5b shows the structure of the HPL to the effect that the HPL (5.1) _{S is} software- and sensor-supported, autonomous or via remote control (emergency plan), electric motor-controlled, 360-degree swiveling, x-fold "sideprops" (turbo propeller ) "(5.6), preferably with 4 turbo propellers, which can be supplied with power indirectly by the ground station and / or directly with the help of an on-board battery and central electric motor or turbo propeller with integrated electric motor and / or with the help of an internal combustion engine running on fossil fuels, including control software and sensors. In addition, gas-filled zeppelins (5.5), which are attached to a hard-shell half cylinder including an enclosing, dynamically stable balloon net, which is preferably equipped with an integrated software and sensor-controlled, autonomous / automatic or via remote control (emergency plan), de-icing and defrosting unit (e.g. heating wires), firmly connected. Preferably, the Zeppeline should provide each other with one, _S oftware- and sensor-based, may be connected automatically or by remote control (emergency plan), the bypass to the gas exchange autonomously /, active and as required, to a control and Execute steering function so that a targeted position shift or maneuver of the HPL, e.g. bow lift vs. Rear lowering and vice versa) can be actively brought about.

As a result, the outer cover of the zeppelins must also be constructed accordingly. The targeted rerouting and / or pumping out of the filling gas (e.g. helium or hydrogen) from the stern to the bow area automatically leads to the ideal climbing angle or incline of the HPL so that it can turn faster and more ideally to the wind direction. In addition, rudder (5.7) and / or elevator (5.8) can be installed on the rear of the HPL.

The actual wind turbine (5.0), including the AC / DC generator, as well as the additional units and design features that support the flow of current and which have already been described, are positioned in the middle of the HPL.

In addition to FIGS. 5a and 5b, FIG. 5c shows modification variants or possibilities of the subject matter of the invention to the effect that an additional sliding surface or sail surface (5.9), preferably with the sail and gliding material described in 5e with integrated, at the side ends of the FIPL Unwinding and winding units, can be taken into account so that the FIPL can perform its power generation function in a more stable manner and even with lower winds.

In addition to FIGS. 5a to 5c, FIG. 5d shows modification variants or possibilities of the subject matter of the invention to the effect that the position of the wind turbine, including the AC or DC generator (5.0), can be changed by means of an electro- and / or electro-pneumatic position-stroke hydraulic system in 3 different positions - in the middle (5.0 A) or below (5.0C) or above (5.0 B) - can actively induce in the HPL; preferably the central position.

. In addition to Figure 5a-5d shows 5e change variants or -. Possibilities of the subject invention, that the sliding surface and the sliding or sail material (5.12), hard-wearing of HPL from a strong, tear-resistant, and in particular by an integrated, _S oftware - and sensor-controlled, autonomous / automatic or via remote control (emergency plan), de-icing and defrosting units (e.g. heating wires), which are also controlled by the secondary circuit using software and sensors. The planned gliding or sail material is either firmly and permanently connected to the retaining brackets (5.10) or preferably supplemented by a roll-up and unwinding unit (5.13) so that the HPL reduces the gliding or sail area in the event of strong weather turbulence (analogous to the sail gathering in Sailing boats) can and here- remains intact and therefore does not endanger the entire system. The unwinding unit (5.13) consists of two electrically operated drive units; once from a rotatable roll-up axis (5.11) and one or two rope winding unit (s) (5.13) which is / are each attached to the head end of the rotatable roll-up axis (5.11); it is a classic circulatory system. The gliding and sail material is neatly fixed and guided by the sail material guide rails (5.14) and the rope concerned pulls one

Guide rail (5.15) to which the gliding or sailcloth is attached at the end edge and runs in a circular manner (5.14 and 5.16) within the rope guide rails (5.14), which run in the middle or below the HPL support bars (5.10). The gliding or sail material as well as the rope are set in motion in a circular manner by one or two electric motors (5.13), which are located at the end of the reeling axle.

Claim sails

Fig. 6 Design variant 5 and following (gas ball or gas balloon with separate hybrid proper / air kite (= HPL))

In addition to FIG. 1, FIG. 6a shows modification variants or possibilities of the

Subject matter of the invention to the effect that the HPL described under Fig. 5 and following can be connected directly to the gas balloon (6.15 and Fig. 1 and following) in the x-stable anchoring rails (6.5), preferably four, which are directly on the gas balloon central axis (6.12) are attached, the gas balloon central axis being connected directly via folded cables and / or stable retaining rails ((6.7) to the turntable (6.8), which in turn is rotatably attached to the fixed platform disc (6.13). The special thing here is the separation of the wind generator unit or wind turbine unit (6.11) from the HPL

The wind turbine unit (6.11) is namely attached to the gas balloon (6.15) and is held in position by the anchoring rails (6.5); The two HPL cords (6.6 left and right) together with the electrical cable (6.14) are also attached to this; the electricity generated by the wind turbine (6.11) including the AC / DC generator (6.0) is fed directly into the technical central unit 1 with additional units [6.9; consisting of an electrical transformer 1 (Fig 1 1.6), electrical rectifier (Fig 1 1.7)]; this generated electricity is then fed to the technical center 2 (as in Fig. 1, 1.13 and the corresponding) via the electrical cable (6.14) that is led to the ground station

Design features and units described). The HPL cords (6.6) and the electrical cable (6.14) are software and through the electrical cable guide unit (6.13) Tightened with the help of sensors and controlled autonomously / automatically and / or via remote control (emergency plan). The software and sensor-supported HPL with the integrated, permanently connected alternating current generator (6.0) and the three-phase current axis (6.1) connects at the end of the flight phase, when the gas balloon is supported by its software and sensor

Control program, located in the optimal altitude wind situation, directly with the

Wind turbine unit (6.11) and by means of an electro- and / or electro-pneumatic hydraulic and / or magnetic coupling, the two components are firmly connected via the three-phase axis and, after the coupling process has been completed, software- and sensor-supported, autonomous or remote-controlled magnetic couplings (6.4 ) completely decoupled or separated from the supply station (gas balloon) and with the help of the prevailing wind force and corresponding software and sensor-based,

autonomously / automatically or via remote control (emergency plan) can be brought into its intended climbing and floating position so that the HPL can then generate its electricity via

Wind converter and AC / DC generator connected to the drive shaft.

In addition to FIG. 6a, FIG. 6b shows modification variants or options for

Subject matter of the invention to the effect that in this case the alternating current generator (6.0) and the wind turbine (6.11) are already connected as a unit on the gas balloon (Fig. 1 and the detailed design features) and can thus be software- and sensor-controlled (e.g. opto -electronic), autonomous HPL controlled by remote control (emergency plan) can be picked up and permanently connected to it and, after completion of the coupling process, completely decoupled from the supply station (gas balloon) by software and sensor-supported, autonomous or remote-controlled magnetic couplings (6.4) or separately and with the help of the prevailing wind force and

corresponding _S oftware- and sensor-based, autonomous / are brought automatically or via remote control (emergency plan), in its intended hovering position, so that the HPL then may start power generation.

Fig. 7 Design variant 6 and following (gas ball or gas balloon with separate hybrid proper / air kite [= HPL))

In addition to FIG. 1, FIG. 7a shows modification variants or possibilities of the subject matter of the invention to the effect that the gas balloon (7.0) with one of a solid,

durable, tear-resistant, dynamically flexible and, in particular, thanks to an integrated, Software and sensor-controlled, autonomous / automatic or via remote control (emergency plan), de-icing and defrosting unit (e.g. heating wires), which is also controlled by the secondary circuit with software and sensors Gas balloon network (7.2), which connects directly to the balloon guide unit (7.4) is firmly connected and this in turn on a turntable

(7.5) with integrated axis of rotation (7.51), which in turn is attached to a firmly fixed platform disc

(7.6) is attached. What is special about this variant is that the HPL (7.9) is attached directly to the holding lines (7.12) or directly to the rope tensioning and rope control units (7.14) with integrated x magnetic couplings, preferably 4 magnetic couplings, to decouple the HPL from the balloon unit system is attached. The HPL is in turn with tension-resistant holding ropes (7.3), which are connected by software and sensor-assisted automatically or remotely operating holding line unwinding and winding units (7.31), as well as with the electric cable (7.11), which in turn is connected to the wind turbine (7.10) and

AC generator generates electricity directly in the technical central unit (7.7), analogous to the s. Definition of the technical central unit A, conducts and the current is then transferred to the technical center 2 (7.15) via the electrical cable (7.11) led to the ground station, analogous to the Definition to the technical central unit B, directed.

In addition to FIG. 7a, FIG. 7b shows modification variants or possibilities for the subject matter of the invention in that the gas balloon (7.0) is not attached directly to the turntable (7.5) via the balloon guide unit (7.4), but is supported by a central axis ( 7.1) including software and sensor-based automatic or remote-controlled running

Retaining line unwinding and winding units are connected (7.31) to which the retaining lines (7.3) of the HPL are attached.

In addition to FIGS. 7a and 7b, FIGS. 7c and 7d show modification variants or possibilities of the subject matter of the invention to the effect that the HPL is in the flight position, with the HPL on the turntable (7.5) in FIG. 7c and the HPL in FIG. 7d is attached to the central axis (7.1).

Fig. 8 Design variant 7 and following (gas ball or gas balloon as connection system)

In addition to FIG. 1, FIG. 8a shows modification variants or options for

Subject matter of the invention to the effect that the wind turbine including alternating / direct current generator (8.0) is not attached directly to a gas balloon (8.1), but is attached to the holding lines (8.2) of the x gas balloons, preferably 4 gas balloons, in the center of the wind direction. The Wind turbines including alternating current generator (8.0) can also be brought in the direction of the wind using an air kite (weathercock effect), which is attached directly to the wind turbine unit and is controlled automatically or remotely via software and sensor-supported holding line unwinding units and winding units . In addition to FIG. 8a, FIG. 8b shows modification variants or options for

Subject matter of the invention to the effect that the wind turbine including alternating / direct current generator (8.0) is not attached to a gas balloon (8.1) but rather to the holding lines of two gas balloons.

Fig. 9 Design variant 8 and following (gas ball or gas balloon with an additional driving turbo propeller)

In addition to FIG. 1, FIG. 9a shows modification variants or possibilities of the

Subject matter of the invention to the effect that the wind turbine (9.10), which is attached to the gas balloon (9.8) or to the stable x-mounting bars and / or tethers (9.5) and consists of a stable housing or stable struts, which inside the rotating axle disk (9.18) and / or drives spokes or rods to which the software and sensor-supported adjustment unit (9.6), which can be controlled autonomously / automatically or via remote control (emergency plan), and the actual wind vanes (9.7) are attached. On the one hand, the wind turbine drives the drive shaft of the AC / DC generator (9.3) via its axle disk and a preferably centrally positioned deflection gear (9.12) and thus leads directly to the generation of electricity and this electricity is supplied via the electrical cable (9.4), analogous to that already

described and integrated embodiments and units in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 (see definition of technical central unit A and technical central unit B), transmitted directly from the gas balloon unit to the ground station, and on the other hand, the drive axis of the turbo propeller (9.0) is driven in parallel ;

whereby preferably the drive axis can accelerate or slow down the drive speed by an upstream software and sensor-supported gear (e.g. planetary gear) with or without an eddy current brake.

The drive axis (9.1) of the turbo propeller can be passive, ie only through the speed of the wind turbine and a preferably deflection gear (9.12), the downstream speed gear (9.2) and / or as a hybrid system additionally through the above mentioned electric motor are supported, whose power supply takes place directly through the ground station or through its secondary circuit implemented on the gas balloon unit and / or through the secondary circuit generated by the wind turbine, or exclusively by an electric motor, which is via the Secondary circuit is fed, driven. Instead of an electric motor, the turbo propellers could alternatively be driven by a classic combustion engine with fossil fuels and an integrated fuel tank. In the case of an internal combustion engine, which can be driven with gas or hydrogen, for example, a direct gas or hydrogen supply is of interest (particularly if the subject matter of the invention in

is built in the immediate vicinity of a hydrogen producer) via the ground station and / or from the platform of the gas balloon unit through its integrated gas management and would thus make the fuel tank superfluous.

In addition to FIG. 9a, FIG. 9b shows modification variants or possibilities of the

Subject matter of the invention to the effect that the turbo propeller (9.0) runs through a drive shaft (9.23), which in turn runs directly through the entire balloon within a drive shaft housing (9.24) running through the center and preferably upstream, centrally positioned deflection gear (9.12) is connected to the wind turbine (9.10) and the alternating / direct current generator (9.3) attached below the wind turbine. The electric cable (9.4) is connected via the alternator to the floor platform and the technical central unit II as described in FIG. 1 (see definition as an assembly) and the design features and units described in more detail. The turbo propellers or their housings are firmly connected to a stable spacer plate (9.11), which in turn is connected to the stable x-mounting struts or tension-resistant retaining ropes (9.5) which are sheathed on the balloon side and which are firmly connected to the housings of the wind turbines (9.10). The turbo propellers should preferably be equipped with an upstream, software and sensor-based,

autonomous / automatic or remote-controlled gear (e.g. planetary gear), with or without a supporting eddy current brake to accelerate or brake the speed of the drive shafts (9.1).

In addition to FIG. 9b, FIG. 9c shows modification variants or possibilities of the

Subject of the invention to the effect that the turbo propeller (9.0) or its housing and its drive shaft (9.1) in contrast to 9b directly, that is, without a connection through a balloon-passing drive axle, but with the aid of an independent drive axle (9.1), which is driven by an electric motor (9.21 ) is driven directly. The integrated drive / crankshaft (9.1) of the turbo propeller is actively driven by an electric motor (9.21), preferably a software and sensor-supported, autonomous / automatic and / or remote-controlled gear (e.g. planetary gear), with or without an eddy current brake , is connected downstream, which receives its energy through the secondary circuit and / or through the current from the ground station or its secondary circuit, which is implemented on the gas balloon unit. The wind turbine including the electric motor is attached to a stable spacer (9.11).

In addition to FIGS. 9a to 9c, FIG. 9d shows modification variants or possibilities of the subject matter of the invention to the effect that the turbo propeller (9.0) is below the

Wind turbine housing (9.10) is located. The turbo propeller (9.0) is also operated via the

Wind turbines and preferably a centrally positioned deflection gear (9.12) and a preferably downstream, software and sensor-supported, autonomous / automatic and / or remote-controlled speed-regulating (accelerate or brake) gear (e.g. planetary gear), with or without an eddy current brake. Whereby the

Drive axle (9.1) of the turbo propeller passive, i.e. can only be done by the speed of the wind turbine and the deflection gear (9.12), the downstream speed gear (9.2) and / or as a hybrid system additionally supported by the above-mentioned electric motor, whose power supply is directly through the ground station and / or by the secondary circuit, which is generated by the wind turbine, or is driven exclusively by an electric motor (9.21). Instead of an electric motor, the turbo propeller could alternatively be driven by an internal combustion engine with fossil fuels with an integrated fuel tank. At a

Combustion engine, which can be driven with gas or hydrogen, for example, a direct gas / hydrogen supply via the ground station and / or from the platform of the gas balloon unit is possible through its integrated gas management and would thus make the fuel tank superfluous.

In addition to FIGS. 9a to 9d, FIG. 9e shows modification variants or possibilities of the subject matter of the invention to the effect that instead of a central turbo-propeller (9.0), the axle disk and / or spokes / rods (9.18) are fed directly into a preferably deflection gear (9.12; = Deflection of the horizontal, axial direction of rotation into a vertical rotation) open out, which drives a second axle drive pulley (9.19) and / or drive spokes or rods, which preferably also opens into another speed-influencing deflection gear (9.12) and from there with the help of a drive axle ( 9.20) drives the turbo propeller (9.0). This construction with several or x-turbo propellers, preferably 4 turbo propellers, in contrast to the single-central turbo propeller described above, can as in FIGS. 9b and 9c described above or as in FIGS 9d below the Gas balloons are positioned. Alternatively, this passive drive variant could be extended by a hybrid drive variant in the electric motors (9.21), by an upstream or downstream axis, through direct frictional connection starting from the wind turbine blades (9.7) up to the x-turbo propellers - Deflection gear or, after the deflection gear, actively support the axle drive (9.20) of the turbo propellers.

In addition to FIGS. 9a to 9e, FIG. 9f shows modification variants or possibilities of the subject matter of the invention to the effect that the drive is driven by the x-turbo propellers (9.0), actively and exclusively by an upstream electric motor (9.21), here too preferably with electric motors before or after a transmission

Eddy current brake is positioned to significantly influence the orbital speed of the turbo propeller (accelerate or decelerate). The electric motors (9.21) are supplied directly by the power supply from the ground station through a branch from the installed electrical cable (1.3) and / or through the secondary circuit (9.22), which is directly from the primary circuit, which is through the wind turbine and alternating current - Generator is generated, fed or supplied or directly by the ground station or by its fed secondary power circuit implemented directly on the gas balloon unit

In addition to FIGS. 9a to 9f, FIG. 9g shows modification variants or possibilities of the subject matter of the invention to the effect that this variant has both a wind turbine (9.10) above and below the gas balloon. The two wind turbines are connected in parallel to an axially positioned drive shaft (9.23) running through the balloon, which is located inside the hermetically sealed drive shaft housing (9.11) running through the balloon on the balloon side, and each preferably positioned deflection gear (9.12). The drive shaft drives the preferably located in the center of the drive housing

AC / DC generator (9.3). The electricity generated in this way is sent directly to the ground station and the units also described in FIGS. 1 and 2 using the power cable (9.28) via the execution features and units already described in FIGS. 1 and 2 (see definition of technical central unit A) (see definition of technical central unit B). Alternatively, instead of a central AC / DC generator, there can also be a generator located below the wind turbines, including additional units described in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 (see definition of technical central unit A), in which case the continuous drive shaft (9.23) can be dispensed with ; each wind turbine then has its own drive shaft, which is driven directly by the wind turbine and preferably in front of the Electro- / electro-mechanical, adaptive gearbox connected upstream of the generator unit for

Reduction or acceleration of the drive shaft, which then directly generates the rotor for power generation in the generator (9.3), which is then passed directly to the ground station via the power cable (9.28).

This variant can of course also be equipped for stabilization purposes with the already described 360 degree, electrically pivotable, x-turbo propellers and / or also electrically, controllable rudder and / or elevator, which are preferably mounted on a horizontal gas balloon axis (9.25) can be attached. The two wind turbines should preferably also be attached via the gas balloon axis (9.25) and the stable tether or straps (9.5), the electrical, software and sensor-based, autonomous / automatic and remote control (emergency), tether fixing devices (9.24).

The two wind turbines preferably run in opposite directions to prevent any imbalance (centrifugal and centripetal forces) and thus to give the overall system more stability.

Fig. 10 Design variant 9 and following (with 2x vertical gas balls or 2x vertical gas balloons with a centrally integrated wind turbine design)

In addition to FIG. 1, FIG. 10a (side view) shows modification variants or possibilities of the subject matter of the invention to the effect that the power generation or the wind turbine (10.1) is located between two gas balloons with a vertical orientation. The two floating gas balloons (10.0) are preferably somewhat compressed in their embodiment and each fastened to the fixed platform (10.12). The two gas balloons are in turn secured with stable tethers or tensioned straps (10.11), the fully enclosing, dynamically stable balloon network, which is preferably autonomous / automatic or via remote control (emergency plan), de-icing and defrosting unit (e.g. heating wires) with an integrated software and sensor-controlled is equipped, and attached to the respective fixed upper and lower platforms (10.12), with the holding ropes (10.9) and the power cable (10.10) for the connection with the units located on the ground (see Fig.

Definition of module central unit II) connects.

The wind turbine (10.1) is located in the middle of the two floating gas balloons, i.e. completely flooded with air, i.e. the wind flow can flow through without obstacles on the balloon side and only the wind turbine ensures that the wind is slowed down. The

continuous drive shaft (10.14) of the alternating / direct current generator (10.2), which preferably connects to two wind turbines or wind turbine rotors (10.1), and / or each individual drive axle for each wind turbine rotor with preferably upstream electro / electro-mechanical, adaptive gear (10.3) for reduction or Acceleration and / or The change in the direction of travel of the drive shaft and the current generated by it is determined via the design features and units already described in FIGS. 1 and 2 with the aid of the

Power cable (10.10) directly to the ground station and also in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2

units described (see definition of assemblies central unit I and central unit II). The two wind turbine rotors should preferably rotate in opposite directions and possibly also be different in size in order to achieve optimal power generation and stabilization of the overall system.

In addition to Fig. 10a, Fig. 10b (front view) shows modification variants or possibilities of the subject matter of the invention to the effect that preferably 360 degrees, electrically pivotable, software and sensor-supported, autonomous / automatic or remote-controlled (emergency plan), x-turbo propellers (10.5) should also be taken into account for buoyancy and / or stabilization purposes. The turbo propellers can be attached to the upper and / or lower fixed platforms (10.12). The power supply of the turbo propellers as well as the interdependent power generation or power generation systems described in FIG. 1 and FIG.

Design features and power units are generated directly by the ground station and / or preferably by an additional implemented secondary circuit and / or directly by the electricity produced on board with the help of the wind turbines [(wind turbine (10.1), drive axle (10.14) and alternating / direct current generator (10.2)] preferably via the current branched off from the primary circuit (flows to the ground station) to supply the secondary circuit. Instead of an electric motor, the turbo propellers could alternatively be driven by a classic combustion engine with fossil fuels and an integrated fuel tank. In the case of an internal combustion engine, which, for example, runs on gas or hydrogen can be driven, a direct gas / hydrogen supply via the ground station and / or from the platform of the gas balloon unit is possible through its integrated gas management and would therefore make a fuel tank superfluous.

In addition to FIGS. 10a and 10b, FIG. 10c (bird's eye view) shows modification variants or possibilities of the subject matter of the invention to the effect that preferably 360 degrees, electrically pivotable, software and sensor-based, autonomous / automatic or remote-controlled (emergency plan), 4-turbo Propellem (10.5) or also electrically (10.7), controllable rudder and / or elevator (10.6), which are mounted on the upper and / or lower fixed platforms (10.12), preferably on the completely enclosing balloon net grid with integrated, software and sensor-based , autonomously / automatically or via remote control (emergency plan), de-icing and thawing device (e.g. heating wires) its reinforced, stretchable but tight central straps that surround the balloon in the middle from north to south (180 or 360 degrees) and / or in the middle from east to west (180 or 360 degrees) are attached to optimize the buoyancy and stabilization of the entire system.

Fig. 11 Design variant 10 and following (with 2x horizontal gas balls or 2x horizontal gas balloons with centrally integrated wind turbine design)

In addition to FIG. 1, FIG. 1 la (side view) shows modification variants or possibilities of the subject matter of the invention to the effect that the power generation or the wind turbine (11.1) are located above and below the compressed gas balloons (rather “donuts”). The outer ring of the "donut" is filled with gas (e.g. helium or hydrogen) and is regulated in the same way as the gas management described in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2. As with a real "donut", the inner area or inner diameter is openly accessible. The "donut" has a wind turbine, preferably two wind turbines, the first wind turbine (1 l.lo) being above and the second wind turbine (1 l.lu) below the "donut", and these are each on a stable platform (11.9) attached. The drive shaft (11.6) of the alternating / direct current generator (11.7), which runs continuously and connects to both wind turbine rotors, and / or each individual drive axis for each wind turbine rotor, with preferably upstream electro / electro-mechanical, adaptive gear (11.8) for reducing or accelerating and / or changing the direction of travel the drive shaft and the electricity generated by it is sent directly to the ground station via the design features and units already described in FIGS. 1 and 2 (see definition of central unit I assembly) with the aid of the power cable (11.13). 2 described units (see definition of module central processing unit II). The two wind turbine rotors should preferably rotate in opposite directions and possibly also be different in size (11.1a vs. 11.1b) in order to achieve optimal power generation and stabilization of the overall system. The holding ropes (11.12) can be attached directly to the outside of the donut or, preferably, to it

Completely enclosing, dynamically stable balloon / donut network, which is preferably with an integrated software and sensor-controlled, autonomous / automatic or via

Remote control (emergency plan), de-icing and defrosting unit (e.g. heating wires), or on its reinforced retaining straps. The wind turbines should preferably rotate in opposite directions in order to give the overall system more stability.

In addition to FIG. 1 la, FIG. 1 lb (bird's eye view) shows modification variants or possibilities of the subject matter of the invention to the effect that preferably 360 degrees, electrically pivotable, software and sensor-based, autonomous / automatic or remote-controlled (emergency plan), x-turbo propellers (11.11), preferably 4 turbo propellers, and / or also electrically (11.6), controllable rudder and / or elevator (11.7), which preferably also on the upper and / or fixed lower platforms (10.12) to optimize the buoyancy and the stabilization of the overall system.

In addition to Fig. 1 la and 1 lb, Fig. 1 lc (side view) shows modification variants or - possibilities of the subject of the invention to the effect that the wind turbine preferably consists of orthogonal wind blades (rotors; 11.14) and the continuous drive shaft connecting to the two wind turbine rotors (11.6 ) of the alternating / direct current generator (11.7) and / or each wind turbine rotor's own drive axle with preferably upstream electro / electro-mechanical, adaptive gear (11.8) for reducing or accelerating and / or changing the direction of rotation of the drive shaft and the current generated by this is already Design features and units described in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 (see definition of technical central unit A) using the power cable (11.13) directly to the ground station and the units also described in Fig. 1 and 2 (see definition of technical central unit B) directed.

In addition to Fig. 1 lc, Fig. 1 ld (bird's eye view) shows modification variants or - possibilities of the subject of the invention to the effect that preferably 360 degrees, electrically pivotable, software and sensor-based, autonomous / automatic or remote-controlled (emergency plan), x-turbo Propellers (11.11), preferably 4 turbo propellers, and / or also electrically (11.6), controllable rudder and / or elevator (11.7), which are attached to the upper and / or lower fixed platforms (11.9), preferably directly on the " Donut "itself, namely on its completely enclosing" donut mesh grid "with integrated, software and sensor-supported, autonomous / automatic or via remote control (emergency plan), de-icing and thawing device (e.g. heating wires) its reinforced, stretchable but high-tensile central ligaments, which center the balloon from north to south (180 or 360 degrees) and / or in the middle from east to west (180 or 360 degrees) to be attached to the buoyancy and the S to optimize stabilization of the overall system.

In order to prevent redundancies, we allow ourselves the described components of Fig. I and Fig. II to be combined into assemblies and can have the following units:

The technical central unit A = • technical central unit I

Electric cable 1

• wind turbine

AC generator

• Electrical transformer

• Electric rectifier

• Gas differential pressure sensor

The technical central unit B =

• technical central unit II

• Electrical energy storage and energy buffer

Gas storage and buffer

Electric winding and unwinding unit

• Electric cable II

• Frequency converter

• Stabilizer and flywheel

Eddy current brake

The proposed turbo propellers ("side props") should preferably be equipped with a double function in all of the embodiments described here, which on the one hand ensure the primary function of lift and downforce of the HPL and on the other hand with the help of recuperation (current reversal function) of the central electric motor or the in the turbo propellers integrated, software and sensor-supported, autonomous / automatic and / or via remote control (emergency plan), individual electric motors and additional induction of a change in the angle of the rotor blades, so that additional power generation is enabled and thus the overall output of power generation is increased.

All surface materials (outer skin) that are provided for the subject matter of the invention and their airworthy design variants should preferably have a

Wind flow-optimizing, streamlined microstructure skin, similar to a shark skin, and at the same time preventive protection against any pollution (lotus effect), from the atmosphere or possibly animals.

All gas balloons, zeppelins and "donuts" or their described execution

Can ariants _V with different gases (for example helium or hydrogen) are filled. All gas balloons preferably have electrical, software and sensor-supported, autonomous or automatic and / or remote-controlled (emergency situation) x-turbo propellers and electrical, software and sensor-supported, autonomous or automatic and / or remote-controlled (emergency situation) ) Adjustable elevator and / or rudder for stabilization and position purposes.

In addition, all turbo propellers should preferably be adjustable to rotate clockwise or anti-clockwise and should preferably run in the opposite direction to the rotation of the wind turbine.

The hang glider hulls / sail material (= similar to sails in sailing boats) as well as that of the wind blades (rotors) of the wind turbines should be rolled up in the inner area of the frame and / or gathered like a blind and only in the area of the wind emte zone Canvas with the help of an electro-mechanical or electro-hydraulic or purely electrical sail tensioning device, which is driven by the power supply from the ground or on-board power generation, pulled out and firmly fixed; as a result, the entire system with the intended use of HPL remains more controllable during the ascent and descent phase and consumes even less energy. In addition, the entire system can be better protected in extreme weather conditions (massive turbulence). The turbo propellers (= “side props”) can also be equipped with such a “canvas device”, so that on the one hand the mechanics of the side props are protected and on the other hand the additional surface can act to support the overall kite system. The interior of the "donut" can also be efficiently protected in this way.

The "canvas material" could also consist of flexible solar modules, if these should have the same usage properties that characterize high-performance sail materials.

In addition, several HPLs can be stacked on top of each other; sensibly

only in the wind Emte zone as a kind of "multiple tandem / chain" around the energy yield

to be able to increase

In addition, extendable telescopic arms would also be conceivable, which can expand the frame to which the surface material of the HPLs is attached. The extension and retraction of these Telescopic arms are ensured with the help of electrical and / or electropneumatic hydraulics and should preferably only take place in the wind emte zone

The subject matter of the invention and its described embodiment variants are preferably with a computer-aided ground control system, navigation (GPS and / or

Inertial navigation system for position determination), radar, infrared, sonar systems, high frequency, turbo fans (Sideprops) equipped or computer supporting software including a Vorhersageanalyse- algorithm and digital array control logic, the collision protection and ^'Wamsytem for the entire plant and its operation. As a simple, preventative

Protective measures should also be implemented in addition to audiovisual warning systems. All design variants should preferably also be equipped with effective lightning protection. The climbing balloon 1.1, 2.1 can also be provided with an airbag device with at least one airbag, the at least one airbag deploying when the climbing balloon 1.1, 2.1 suddenly loses gas and falls to the ground.

1.1 climbing balloon 1.18 to 1.20 ground pillar

1.2 Technical center 1 1.21 Electric cables 2

1.3 Electric cables 1.22 frequency converter

1.4 Wind turbine (gas turbine) 1.23 Floor

1.5 AC generator 1.24 to 1.26 parachute boxes

1.6 Electrical transformer 1 1.27 Stabilizing and

1.7 Electric rectifier flywheel

1.8 Gas differential pressure sensor 1.28 Eddy current brake

1.9 Gas pressure regulating valve

1.10 Electric inverters

1.11 Electrical transformer 2

1.12 Three holding wire ropes

1.13 T echnical center 2

1.14 Electromechanical opening and closing Unwinder

1.15 gas storage tank a. Gas buffer

1.16 Electrical energy storage u. Energy buffer

1.17 base plate

1.18 to 1.20 ground pillars

1.21 Electric cable 2

1.22 frequency converter 1.23 floor

1.24 to 1.26 parachute boxes

1.27 Stabilizer and flywheel

1.28 Eddy current brake

2.1 climbing balloon

2.2 Technical center 1

2.3 Electric cables

2.4 gas turbine (wind turbine)

2.5 AC generator

2.6 Electrical transformer 1

2.7 Electric rectifier

2.8 Gas differential pressure sensor

2.9 Gas pressure regulating valve

2.10 Electric inverters

2.11 Electrical transformer 2

2.12 Three holding wire ropes

2.13 T echnical center 2

2.14 Electromechanical opening u. Unwinder

2.15 gas buffer

2.16 Electrical energy storage

2.17 base plate

2.18 to 2.20 floor pillars

2.21 Electric cable 2

2.22 frequency converter

2.23 soil

2.24 to 2.26 parachute boxes

2.28 Stabilizer and flywheel

2.29 eddy current brake

Claims

(1) Device for generating electrical energy, which comprises at least the following: a) A ground station that stands on the ground or is attached to it,

b) a high altitude balloon (1.1) precipitated with gas, which in an operating position is vertically spaced from the ground station and is held at the ground station by at least one tether,

b) a wind turbine (1.4) rotatably mounted on the high-altitude balloon (1.1) with a wind turbine axis which drives an alternating or direct current generator (1.5) arranged on the high-altitude balloon (1.1) to generate electrical power, c) at least one power line element which is drawn between a first central unit (1.2) arranged on the high-altitude balloon (1.1) and a second central unit (1.13) arranged at the ground station and conducts the generated current from the first central unit (1.2) into the second central unit (1.13).

(2) Device according to claim 1 to the effect that the wind turbine is positioned as a ring (corona) axially around the gas balloon (3.1) and the alternating or direct current generator (3.5) is located in the middle of the turbine hollow disk “discus disk” (3.2) and is driven by a wheel disc (3.4) or wheel spokes or rods (3.13) to generate electricity.

(3) Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the wound turbine (4.15) encircles the gas balloon (4.4) like a paddle wheel, consisting of wind turbine blades (4.5), an axially running drive shaft (4.3) which includes an alternating / direct current generator (4.1) to generate electricity.

(4) Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas balloon is connected to a separated hybrid proper air kite (= HPL) via tension-resistant holding ropes (5.3), the wind turbine (5.0) in the HPL in the middle (5.0 A) or above ( 5.0 B) or below (5.0 C), preferably controllable with the aid of a hydraulic unit, and preferably this HPL has x-turbopropeller (5.6) and / or elevator (5.8) and / or rudder (5.7), preferably also gas-filled x -Zeppelins (5.

5) and a sliding surface extension device (5.9) with eini; Roll-up and unwind unit (5.13) of the gliding or sail surface (5.12) of the HPL. (5) Device according to claim 5 to the effect that the wind turbine unit (6.11) is separated from the HPL and attached to the gas balloon (6.15), the alternating / direct current generator (6.0) being on the HPL and with an automatic docking maneuver Wind turbine separates from the gas balloon and can then produce electricity as a closed system.

(6) Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the HPL (7.9) is attached directly to the tension-resistant holding ropes (7.12) leading to the ground station (7.13) and is automatically decoupled with the aid of magnetic couplings (7.14) and the HPL is either directly attached the turntable (7.5) or attached to the central axis (7.1) of the gas balloon (7.0).

(7) Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the wind turbine (8.0) is fastened centrally in a gas balloon assembly consisting of 2 gas balloons (8.1), preferably 4 gas balloons.

(8) Device according to claim 1 to the effect that the gas balloon (9.8) is additionally driven by a turbo-propeller 9.0, which is below or above, with a drive axle running through the balloon, directly or by an or x-electric motor (9.21), so that a Ascent and stabilization support is made possible for the gas balloon unit.

(9) Device according to claim 1 to the effect that the vertical

attached wind turbine (10.1) is located between two preferably compressed gas balloons, preferably two wind turbines or two wind turbine rotors (1Ό-.1) are connected by a continuous drive shaft (10.14), preferably the wind turbine rotors should rotate in opposite directions.

(10) Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the horizontally attached wind turbine, preferably two wind turbines, one above (1 l.lo) and one below (1 l.lu), is located within an empty space of a gas-filled "donut", wherein the wind turbines preferably have an orthogonal wind blade or rotor (11.14).

(11) Device according to claim 9 and 10 characterized in that this

preferably via electrically operated x turbopropellers (10.5 and 11.11) and / or have additional rudder (10.6, 11.7) and elevators so that the balloon / donat unit experiences greater stability in the wind.

(12) Device according to claim 1 to the effect that preferably all turbo propellers ("side props") should be equipped with a double function in all the embodiments described here, which on the one hand ensure the primary function of the lift and downforce of the HPL and on the other hand with help Recuperation (current reversal function) of the central electric motor or the software and sensor-supported integrated in the turbo propellers, autonomous / automatic and / or via

Remote control (emergency plan), individual electric motors and additional induction of a change in the angle of the rotor blades, thereby an additional

Electricity generation is enabled and thus the overall output of electricity generation is increased.

(13) Device according to claim 1, characterized in that all

Surface materials (outer skin), which are intended for the subject of the invention and its flightable design variants, should preferably be provided with a windflow-optimizing, streamlined microstructure skin, similar to a shark skin, and at the same time preventive protection against any contamination (lotus effect), from the atmosphere or possibly animals .

(14) Device according to claim 1 to the effect that all

Gas balloons / donuts preferably via electrical, software and sensor-supported, autonomous or automatic and / or remote-controlled (emergency situation) x-turbo propellers and electrical, software and sensor-supported, autonomous or

automatic and / or remote-controlled (emergency situation) adjustable elevator and / or rudder for stabilization and position purposes.

(15) Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the hang glider hulls / sail material (= analogous to sails in sailing boats) as well as that of the wind blades (rotors) of the wind turbines are preferably rolled up in the interior of the frame and / or gathered like a blind and only in the area of the wind emte zone is the sailcloth with the help of an electro-mechanical or electrohydraulic or purely electrical sail tensioning device, which by the Power supply from the ground or on-board power generation is driven, pulled out and firmly fixed.

(16) Device according to claim 1, characterized in that a type of "weathercock alignment effect" is taken into account with the help of elevator and / or rudder, so that the wind vanes basically run optimally in the LUV of the wind direction.

(17) Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the wind blades (rotors) of the wind turbines are made of a dynamic rather rigid and / or semi-flexible material and / or a dynamic flexible material that is a kind of tear-resistant nylon material (similar to sail materials) or better material , which is controlled by an electrical and / or electro-pneumatic winding and unwinding device for the entire windsail area integrated in the wind vanes, so that the surface of the wind can be significantly reduced in the event of turbulence and thus the entire unit is significantly protected, preferably on the opposite side and / or the side wind vane frame

Tensioning devices for the "canvas" are located.