WO2020248684A1 - 一种全热回收型一体式燃气热泵供热机组及其应用 - Google Patents

一种全热回收型一体式燃气热泵供热机组及其应用 Download PDF

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WO2020248684A1
WO2020248684A1 PCT/CN2020/084015 CN2020084015W WO2020248684A1 WO 2020248684 A1 WO2020248684 A1 WO 2020248684A1 CN 2020084015 W CN2020084015 W CN 2020084015W WO 2020248684 A1 WO2020248684 A1 WO 2020248684A1
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flue gas
heat recovery
air
evaporator
internal combustion
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PCT/CN2020/084015
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English (en)
French (fr)
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韩广钧
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山东省食品发酵工业研究设计院
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Publication of WO2020248684A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020248684A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
    • F25B27/02—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using waste heat, e.g. from internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D15/00—Other domestic- or space-heating systems
    • F24D15/04—Other domestic- or space-heating systems using heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H4/00—Fluid heaters characterised by the use of heat pumps
    • F24H4/02—Water heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00—Heat pumps
    • F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00—Heat pumps
    • F25B30/06—Heat pumps characterised by the source of low potential heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/12—Heat pump
    • F24D2200/123—Compression type heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/16—Waste heat
    • F24D2200/18—Flue gas recuperation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/16—Waste heat
    • F24D2200/26—Internal combustion engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2327/00—Refrigeration system using an engine for driving a compressor
    • F25B2327/001—Refrigeration system using an engine for driving a compressor of the internal combustion type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/047—Water-cooled condensers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
    • Y02A30/274—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies using waste energy, e.g. from internal combustion engine
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/52—Heat recovery pumps, i.e. heat pump based systems or units able to transfer the thermal energy from one area of the premises or part of the facilities to a different one, improving the overall efficiency

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of gas-driven air source heat pump heating, and in particular relates to a total heat recovery type integrated gas heat pump heating unit and its application.
  • Gas engine driven Heat Pump mainly refers to the multi-purpose unit used in multi-unit refrigerant air conditioning systems.
  • the main manufacturers have two Japanese brands and one Korean brand, namely Panasonic Refrigeration Dalian Co., Ltd. (formerly Dalian Sanyo Refrigeration Co., Ltd.), Yanmar Co., Ltd., and South Korea LS Group Air Conditioning Division.
  • the characteristics of its products are all using refrigerant (refrigerant) as the circulating medium of the indoor unit, and heating in winter is completed by the air conditioner sending hot air.
  • Dalian Panasonic and Nanjing Tianjia respectively launched gas-driven air source heat pump units based on refrigerant circulation that can be used for district heating at the Shanghai International Refrigeration Exhibition in April 2019, but their evaporators (condensers) )
  • Defrosting uses traditional methods such as heating circulating water or using cylinder liner hot water to defrost the flue gas, which increases the power consumption and the complexity of the device; secondly, the gas engine, bearings, compression Surface heat dissipation of machines, heat exchangers, pipes, etc. are not recycled.
  • air source heat pump units have been listed as renewable energy equipment by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, and natural gas is a clean energy popularized and applied in the field of central heating.
  • natural gas still has the problem of flue gas emission, which requires a certain height of chimney and a certain concentration of nitrogen oxides.
  • Existing gas-fired air source heat pumps require external heat replacement equipment and smoke exhaust devices due to their complex structure, and large-scale units also need to be assembled on site.
  • the inventor’s previous application 201610203393.5 discloses a gas-driven air source heat pump heating unit for a central heating system; however, during the prototype trial production process, it was found that its efficiency was not ideal and the defrosting control problem was not very good. To resolve.
  • the inventor found that although the existing GHP technology can be used for indoor heating through air conditioning, it is not suitable for heating systems with radiators at the end.
  • the main technical reasons are compression ratio and condensation. (Evaporation) pressure limitation, the best design value of condensing temperature is about 50°C. If the hot water is produced through the plate heat exchanger, the actual water supply temperature is about 45°C, which can only be used for floor heating or fan coil.
  • the present invention provides a total heat recovery type integrated gas heat pump heating unit and its application.
  • the invention further increases the circulating water temperature through a condensation heat exchanger arranged at the tail of the flue gas, and the actual water supply temperature is up to 85°C, which fully meets the heating demand in the form of radiators.
  • the first objective of the present invention is to provide a total heat recovery type integrated gas heat pump heating unit.
  • the second objective of the present invention is to provide an application of the total heat recovery type integrated gas heat pump heating unit.
  • the present invention discloses a total heat recovery type integrated gas heat pump heating unit, including: internal combustion engine, transmission coupling, compressor, condenser, expansion valve, evaporator, flue gas waste heat recovery device, and smoke exhaust control valve , Smoke and air mixing chamber, air inlet window and shell.
  • the internal combustion engine, the transmission coupling, the compressor, and the condenser are connected in sequence; the expansion valve is arranged on the communication pipeline between the condenser and the evaporator, and the evaporator is connected back to the compressor to form an air source heat pump refrigerant system
  • the flue gas waste heat recovery device is arranged on the flue gas pipe of the internal combustion engine, the flue gas and air mixing chamber communicates with the air inlet of the evaporator, and the smoke exhaust control valve is arranged between the internal combustion engine and the flue gas waste heat recovery device On the flue gas pipe between the internal combustion engine and the air mixing chamber; the heating water pipe is divided into two paths. The first path is sequentially heat exchanged with the condenser and the flue gas waste heat recovery device.
  • the second circuit exchanges heat with the internal combustion engine and merges with the first circuit, and then supplies high-temperature water to the user;
  • the above-mentioned components are arranged in the housing, the air inlet window is arranged on the housing, and the inlet
  • the setting position of the wind window is based on the fact that the air can flow at least through the internal combustion engine, the transmission coupling, and the compressor after entering; the exhaust port of the evaporator is located outside the casing.
  • the outlet of the flue gas waste heat recovery device is connected to the flue gas and air mixing chamber, and the flue gas exchanges heat with the heating water in the flue gas waste heat recovery device and then enters the air mixing chamber again for reuse.
  • the compressor is a screw or scroll compressor.
  • the main function of the compressor is to compress a low-temperature refrigerant (or refrigerant) into a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas, which flows through When the condenser releases heat, it exchanges heat with the heating water in the condenser and becomes liquid.
  • the liquid refrigerant flows to the evaporator after being throttled and depressurized by the throttle valve, absorbing a large amount of heat energy of air and flue gas and then returning to In the compressor.
  • a baffle is provided in the air inlet window, and the main function of the baffle is to ensure that the inlet air first passes through the internal combustion engine, coupling, compressor, heat exchangers, pipelines and other heat dissipation components. In order to be able to fully absorb the waste heat.
  • a cylinder liner is provided on the exterior of the internal combustion engine to facilitate heating of the heating water.
  • the surfaces of the evaporator and the flue gas and air mixing cavity are treated with corrosion and scale prevention.
  • the total heat recovery type integrated gas heat pump heating unit further includes a unit support, which is arranged at the bottom of the shell to support the entire heating unit and ensure good air intake aisle.
  • the present invention discloses the first method of using the total heat recovery type integrated gas heat pump heating unit to heat the heating water: the gas is burned in the internal combustion engine to push the transmission coupling to compress the refrigerant in the compressor, and the low temperature refrigerant After being compressed, it becomes a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas. When it flows through the condenser, it exchanges heat with the heating water in the condenser.
  • the heating water is heated and enters the flue gas waste heat recovery device; the exhaust smoke after the combustion of the gas is divided into Two paths, one enters the flue gas waste heat recovery device to further heat the heating hot water temperature entering it; the other flue gas enters the evaporator flue gas and air mixing chamber to mix with the air that has absorbed heat from the surface of the unit components to further improve the evaporator
  • the inlet air temperature and the relative humidity of the inlet air are reduced. This way is mainly used during the period of low temperature and high humidity in the deep winter.
  • the flue gas control valve can be closed during the rest of the operation period; the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant gas becomes The liquid refrigerant enters the evaporator after being throttled and depressurized by the throttle valve, absorbing a large amount of air heat and flue gas heat energy, and then returning to the compressor for circulation; the other heating water directly passes through the internal combustion engine cylinder liner and the internal combustion engine Heat exchange is performed between the two channels, and the two-way heated heating water is combined and supplied to the user.
  • the present invention discloses a second method for heating heating water using the full heat recovery type integrated gas heat pump heating unit: the exhaust gas after the combustion of gas is divided into two ways, one way enters the flue gas waste heat recovery device and the other The heating water temperature is further heated, and then the flue gas enters the flue gas and air mixing chamber of the evaporator again to mix with the air that has absorbed heat from the surface of the unit components; the other flue gas directly enters the flue gas and air mixing chamber of the evaporator , The flue gas entering the flue gas and air mixing chamber is mixed with the air that has absorbed heat from the surface of the unit components to further increase the inlet air temperature of the evaporator and reduce the relative humidity of the inlet air.
  • the other methods are the same as the first method.
  • the present invention discloses the application of the total heat recovery type integrated gas heat pump heating unit and method in the field of environmental protection.
  • the key technical principle of the present invention is to directly convert the primary energy into mechanical energy (saving electricity conversion).
  • the mechanical energy absorbs the heat in the air and transmits it to indoor heating. After the primary energy is done, there is basically no loss of thermal energy. More than 90% of the heat is recovered for use
  • the cascade utilization of energy is realized through the principle of gas entropy increase. Or it can be explained by exergy analysis theory. If the boiler gas process is regarded as a process of natural gas exergy loss, then the gas heat pump uses the exergy of natural gas to convert outdoor air into indoor air exergy. The amount of primary energy consumed by gas-fired air source heat pumps is much lower than the amount of primary energy consumed by gas-fired power generation and then driving the heat pump for heating.
  • the present invention has achieved the following beneficial effects:
  • the unit of the present invention is an integrated integral box structure and is a complete set of equipment. Although the volume is slightly larger than the gas boiler with the same heat supply, the chimney can be omitted in most cases. Due to the small gas consumption and the absence of pressure vessels such as boiler drums, the safety is much better than that of gas boilers, so there is no need to supervise special equipment, and the original boiler room can be fully utilized in the replacement of existing gas boilers.
  • the device of the present invention combines the use of natural gas with the exhaust air of the evaporator, and solves the problem of local environmental pollution by diluting the exhaust smoke concentration.
  • the present invention uses an internal combustion engine to drive a heat pump to extract heat from the air, and then uses the waste heat and mechanical friction heat to continue to be used in the heating system, with a high thermal energy conversion rate. Since the return air raises the temperature by the waste heat of the flue gas, its temperature and pressure are higher than that of ordinary electric-driven air source heat pumps. With the compression ratio unchanged, the evaporation temperature can be further increased by increasing the condensing pressure, which makes the evaporator larger The evaporating temperature during part of the operation period is higher than the dew point temperature of the ambient air, and there is generally no frost under most environmental conditions without high temperature flue gas.
  • the evaporator is placed in the box of the heat pump unit, so that the inlet air first passes through all the heat dissipation components in the box, and is heated by the surface of the internal combustion engine, coupling, compressor, condenser, pipeline, etc.
  • the flue gas mixture of the flue gas waste heat recovery device further increases the temperature, which can improve the anti-frosting ability of the evaporator.
  • high-grade natural gas is first used to do work (entropy increase), and the heat generated during the work is basically not lost, or the calorific value or calorific value of natural gas does not change.
  • the gas boiler considers the recovery of the condensation heat of natural gas, the efficiency of the gas condensing boiler can exceed 100%, and it can be said that its energy efficiency ratio is about 1.0.
  • the unit of the present invention can theoretically recover the remaining heat according to 0.9 of the calorific value of the gas after the natural gas has done power. If the energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system driven by the gas-driven compression heating reaches 2.0, the heating efficiency of the two superpositions can reach 290%.
  • the present invention abandons the limitation of the gas heat pump research pursuing the comprehensive energy efficiency ratio of multi-purpose and multi-working conditions, no longer considers the summer refrigeration performance coefficient and the conversion of cold and heat, and can re-determine the ratio of evaporator, condenser and other equipment and system pressure,
  • the unit design and operating parameters fully meet the requirements of central heating. Its manufacturing and testing are carried out in accordance with gas boiler standards, which successfully enables the existing GHP technology to be used in the heating system with radiator as the end.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a total heat recovery integrated gas heat pump heating unit in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a total heat recovery type integrated gas heat pump heating unit in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the signs in the figure represent: 1- internal combustion engine, 2- transmission coupling, 3- compressor, 4- condenser, 5- expansion valve, 6-evaporator, 7- flue gas waste heat recovery device, 8- exhaust control valve , 9-Fume and air mixing chamber, 10-inlet window, 11-shell, 12-unit support.
  • the present invention proposes a total heat recovery type integrated gas heat pump heating unit; the present invention will now be further described with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
  • a total heat recovery type integrated gas heat pump heating unit refer to Figure 1, including: internal combustion engine 1, transmission coupling 2, compressor 3, condenser 4, expansion valve 5, evaporator 6, flue gas waste heat recovery device 7.
  • Smoke exhaust control valve 8 smoke and air mixing chamber 9, air inlet window 10 and housing 11.
  • the internal combustion engine 1, the transmission coupling 2, the compressor 3, and the condenser 4 are connected in sequence, and the external surface of the internal combustion engine 1 is provided with a cylinder liner; the expansion valve 5 is provided between the condenser 4 and the evaporator 6
  • the evaporator 6 is connected back to the compressor 3 to form an air source heat pump refrigerant system; the flue gas waste heat recovery device 7 is arranged on the flue gas pipe of the internal combustion engine 1, and the flue gas and air mixing chamber 9 is The air inlet of the evaporator 6 is in communication, and the smoke exhaust control valve 8 is arranged on the flue gas pipe between the internal combustion engine 1 and the flue gas waste heat recovery device 7 and on the flue gas pipe between the internal combustion engine 1 and the air mixing chamber 9;
  • the heating water pipeline is divided into two routes.
  • the first route exchanges heat with the condenser 4 and the flue gas waste heat recovery device 7 in turn to supply high-temperature water to the user.
  • the second route exchanges heat with the internal combustion engine 1 and then exchanges heat with the first route.
  • the above components are arranged in the housing 10, the air inlet window 11 is arranged on the housing 10, and the setting position of the air inlet window 11 is such that air can flow through at least The internal combustion engine 1, the transmission coupling 2, and the compressor 3 shall prevail; the exhaust port of the evaporator 6 is located outside the casing 10.
  • the heat supply unit of this embodiment is characterized by: the waste heat of flue gas is mainly used for heating and water supply, generally used to provide heating and water supply below 55°C, with low cost and high thermal efficiency, and suitable for use in cold areas with low air relative humidity.
  • a total heat recovery type integrated gas heat pump heating unit same as embodiment 1, the difference is: referring to Figure 2, the outlet of the flue gas waste heat recovery device 7 is connected to the flue gas and air mixing chamber 9, and the flue gas is in the flue gas The waste heat recovery device 7 exchanges heat with the heating water and then enters the air mixing chamber 9 again for reuse.
  • the characteristic of the heat supply unit of this embodiment is: due to the high condensing pressure of this model, the temperature of the condenser water or the heating circulating water entering the flue gas waste heat recovery device is relatively high, resulting in the flue gas discharged from the flue gas waste heat recovery device ( The secondary flue gas) has a higher temperature, so it should all enter the evaporator for further utilization.
  • the heat supply unit of this embodiment can provide heating hot water above 55°C, which is suitable for use in severe cold areas with relatively high air humidity.
  • a total heat recovery type integrated gas heat pump heating unit the same as embodiment 1 or 2, the difference is: the air inlet window 11 is provided with a baffle; the baffle can ensure that the inlet air passes through the internal combustion engine and the coupling first. Radiating components such as the heat exchanger, compressor, various heat exchangers, pipelines, etc., so as to fully absorb the residual heat.
  • a total heat recovery type integrated gas heat pump heating unit same as Embodiment 1 or 2, the difference lies in that: the surface of the evaporator and the flue gas and air mixing cavity are treated with anti-corrosion and anti-scaling.
  • the total heat recovery type integrated gas heat pump heating unit further includes a unit support 12, which is arranged at the bottom of the housing 12 and is used to support the entire heating unit.
  • the method of using the full heat recovery integrated gas heat pump heating unit described in Example 1 to heat the heating water the gas is burned in the internal combustion engine 1 to push the transmission coupling 2 to compress the refrigerant in the compressor 3, and the low temperature refrigerant is After being compressed, it becomes a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas.
  • the flue gas control valve can be closed during the rest of the operation period; high temperature and high pressure refrigerant gas After heat exchange, it becomes a liquid refrigerant, and then enters the evaporator 6 after throttling and depressurization by the throttle valve 5, absorbing a large amount of air heat and flue gas heat energy, and returning it to the compressor 3 for recycling; another heating
  • the water directly exchanges heat between the internal combustion engine 1 and the internal combustion engine, and the two-way heated heating water is combined and supplied to the user.
  • the method for heating the heating water using the full heat recovery type integrated gas heat pump heating unit described in Example 2 The exhaust smoke after the combustion of the gas is divided into two ways, one way enters the flue gas waste heat recovery device 7 to the heating hot water entering it The temperature is further heated, and then the flue gas is changed to enter the evaporator 6 again.
  • the flue gas and air mixing chamber 9 mix with the air that has absorbed heat from the surface of the unit components to heat the refrigerant of the evaporator 6. This flue gas is used for most of the time.
  • the control valve 8 is open.
  • the other flue gas directly enters the flue gas and air mixing cavity 9 of the evaporator 6, and the flue gas entering the flue gas and air mixing cavity 9 is mixed with the air that has absorbed heat from the surface of the unit components, and further increases the inlet air temperature of the evaporator 6 , Reduce the relative humidity of the inlet air, because the exhaust temperature is higher at one time, the evaporation temperature can be increased to a greater extent when the inlet air temperature is low.
  • This road is mainly used in the period of low temperature and high humidity in the deep winter, and the rest of the operation period
  • the flue gas control valve can be closed, and the other methods are the same as those described in Example 5.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)

Abstract

一种全热回收型一体式燃气热泵供热机组，包括：内燃机（1）、变速器联轴器（2）、压缩机（3）、冷凝器（4）、蒸发器（6）、烟气余热回收器（7）、排烟控制阀（8）、烟气与空气混合腔（9）、进风窗（10）和外壳（11）；内燃机（1）、变速器联轴器（2）、压缩机（3）、冷凝器（4）依次连接，且蒸发器（6）回连至压缩机（3）；烟气余热回收器（7）设置在内燃机（1）的烟气管道上，烟气与空气混合腔（9）与蒸发器（6）连通；供暖水管道分为两路，第一路依次与冷凝器（4）、烟气余热回收器（7）之间进行热交换，第二路与内燃机（1）之间换热后与第一路汇合后将高温水供给用户。还提供了一种全热回收型一体式燃气热泵供热机组加热供暖水的方法、以及该全热回收型一体式燃气热泵供热机组及方法在环保领域中的应用。摒弃了燃气热泵研究追求多用途多工况综合能效比的限制，不再考虑夏季制冷性能系数和冷热转换，成功使现有GHP技术能够用于以暖气片为末端的供热系统。

Description

一种全热回收型一体式燃气热泵供热机组及其应用 技术领域
本发明属于燃气驱动空气源热泵供热领域，尤其涉及一种全热回收型一体式燃气热泵供热机组及其应用。
背景技术
本发明背景技术公开的信息仅仅旨在增加对本发明总体背景的理解，而不必然被视为承认或以任何形式暗示该信息构成已经成为本领域一般技术人员所公知的现有技术。
近年来的清洁能源改造实施过程中，大多采用气代煤、电代煤，气和电都属于高品位能源，其中气代煤大多直接用燃气壁挂炉或燃气锅炉，将燃气这种高品位的能源直接燃烧，用于低品位要求的供暖需求，造成能源强度损失及能源品位的浪费。
而当前大量应用于区域集中供热的空气源热泵机组是以电为驱动能源，能效比大部分在2-2.5之间，供水温度一般在50℃左右，应用于集中供热时占地面积过大，基本在电网峰值时段运行，对电网冲击较大，而且用电量的增加意味着火电厂排放量的增加，加大了总污染。各研究机构的研发方向主要集中在如何提高电驱动热泵机组的COP值和IPLV的绝对值以及整个供暖系统的效率上，各制造厂商也推出了CO 2复叠式热泵以提高供水温度，但以适用于集中供热系统的燃气驱动型空气源热泵的专题研究目前仅处于起步阶段。
燃气引擎驱动热泵(Gas engine driven Heat Pump，缩写为GHP)主要指应用于多联式冷媒空调系统的多用途机组。主要生产商有两个日本品牌和一个韩国品牌，即松下制冷大连有限公司(原大连三洋制冷有限公司)和洋马株式 会社及韩国LS集团空调事业部。其产品特点均是以冷媒(制冷剂)为室内机循环介质，冬季供热是以空调器送热风的方式完成的。2019年洋马与南京天加空调形成战略合作推出了可以用于区域供热的燃气空气源热泵小型机组，但其用于采暖时的原理是在冷媒多联机系统的基础上外挂热水换热器完成的。
近几年北京等地区为解决供热调峰和区域平衡问题而新增了大量燃气热电厂规模，在电网峰值和供热峰值时段使用电驱动空气源热泵实质上是增加了一个能量转换环节。大连松下和南京天加(洋马)2019年4月在上海国际冷展上分别推出了可以用于区域供暖的以冷媒循环为主的燃气驱动空气源热泵机组，但他们的蒸发器(冷凝器)除霜采用的是烟气通过加热循环水或用缸套热水等传统方式来除霜，增加了电能消耗和装置的复杂化；其次到目前为止这类机组中的燃气引擎、轴承、压缩机、换热器、管道等表面散热都没有回收利用。
目前空气源热泵机组已被住建部列为可再生能源设备，天然气又属于集中供热领域推广应用的清洁能源。但是天然气的使用仍然都存在烟气排放的问题，都需要满足一定高度的烟囱和一定浓度的氮氧化合物。现有燃气空气源热泵由于结构复杂还需要外置换热设备和排烟装置等附件，大型机组还需要现场组装。本发明人的在先申请201610203393.5公开了一种用于集中供热系统的燃气驱动空气源热泵供热机组；然而，在样机试制过程中，发现其效率不够理想，除霜控制问题也没有很好地解决。
发明内容
针对上述的问题，本发明人研究发现：现有GHP技术虽然可以通过空调方式用于室内采暖，但并不适合用于以暖气片为末端的供热系统，主要技术原因是受压缩比和冷凝(蒸发)压力的限制，最佳冷凝温度设计值是50℃左右，如果再通过板式换热器制取热水的话，实际供水温度在45℃左右，只能用于地暖 或风机盘管。为此，本发明提供一种全热回收型一体式燃气热泵供热机组及其应用。本发明在不改变冷凝(蒸发)压力的情况下，通过设置在烟气尾部的冷凝换热器进一步提高循环水温度，实际供水温度最高达85℃，完全满足暖气片形式的供暖需求。
本发明第一目的，是提供一种全热回收型一体式燃气热泵供热机组。
本发明第二目的，是提供所述全热回收型一体式燃气热泵供热机组的应用。
为实现上述发明目的，本发明公开了下述技术方案：
首先，本发明公开一种全热回收型一体式燃气热泵供热机组，包括：内燃机、变速器联轴器、压缩机、冷凝器、膨胀阀、蒸发器、烟气余热回收器、排烟控制阀、烟气与空气混合腔、进风窗和外壳。
所述内燃机、变速器联轴器、压缩机、冷凝器依次连接；所述膨胀阀设置在冷凝器和蒸发器之间的连通管路上，且蒸发器回连至压缩机，构成空气源热泵冷媒系统；所述烟气余热回收器设置在内燃机的烟气管道上，所述烟气与空气混合腔与蒸发器的进气口连通，所述排烟控制阀设置在内燃机与烟气余热回收器之间的烟气管道上以及内燃机与空气混合腔之间的烟气管道上；供暖水管道分为两路，第一路依次与冷凝器、烟气余热回收器之间进行热交换后将高温水供给用户，第二路与内燃机之间换热后与第一路汇合，然后将高温水供给用户；上述部件设置在所述外壳内，所述进风窗设置在所述外壳上，所述进风窗的设置位置以空气进入后至少能够流经内燃机、变速器联轴器、压缩机为准；所述蒸发器的排气口位于外壳外部。
作为进一步的技术方案，所述烟气余热回收器的出口与烟气与空气混合腔连通，烟气在烟气余热回收器中与供暖水换热后再次进入空气混合腔中再次进 行利用。
作为进一步的技术方案，所述压缩机为螺杆式或涡旋式压缩机，压缩机及的主要作用是将低温的冷媒(或者制冷剂)压缩后变成高温高压的冷媒气体，其在流经冷凝器时放热，与冷凝器内的供暖水进行热交换后变成液态，液态冷媒经过节流阀节流和降压后流向蒸发器，吸收大量的空气热能和烟气的热能后回流至压缩机中。
作为进一步的技术方案，所述进风窗中设置有导流板，导流板的主要作用是保证进风先经过内燃机、联轴器、压缩机、各换热器、管路等散热部件，以便于能够充分吸取余热。
作为进一步的技术方案，所述内燃机的外表设置有缸套，以便于对供暖水进行加热。
作为进一步的技术方案，所述蒸发器和烟气与空气混合腔的表面经过防腐、防垢处理。
作为进一步的技术方案，所述全热回收型一体式燃气热泵供热机组还包括机组支座，所述机组支座设置在外壳的底部，用于支撑整个供热机组并保证有良好的进风通道。
其次，本发明公开第一种使用所述全热回收型一体式燃气热泵供热机组加热供暖水的方法：燃气在内燃机中燃烧推动变速器联轴器对压缩机中的冷媒进行压缩，低温的冷媒被压缩后变成高温高压的冷媒气体，其在流经冷凝器时与冷凝器内的供暖水进行换热，供暖水被经热后进入烟气余热回收器；燃气燃烧后的排烟分为两路，一路进入烟气余热回收器对进入其中的供暖热水温度进一步加热；另一路烟气进入蒸发器的烟气与空气混合腔与已吸收机组部件表面散热的空气混合，进一步提高蒸发器的进风温度、降低进风相对湿度，这一路主 要在深冬气温过低空气湿度偏大时段使用，其余运行时段这路烟气控制阀可关闭；高温高压的冷媒气体经过换热后变成液态冷媒，然后经过节流阀节流和降压后进入蒸发器，吸收大量的空气热能和烟气的热能后回流至压缩机中进行循环使用；另一路供暖水直接通过内燃机缸套与内燃机之间进行热交换，两路加热后的供暖水汇合后供给用户。
再次，本发明公开第二种使用所述全热回收型一体式燃气热泵供热机组加热供暖水的方法：燃气燃烧后的排烟分为两路，一路进入烟气余热回收器对进入其中的供暖热水温度进一步加热，然后该烟气再次进入蒸发器的烟气与空气混合腔中与已吸收机组部件表面散热的空气混合；另一路烟气直接进入蒸发器的烟气与空气混合腔中，进入烟气与空气混合腔的烟气与已吸收机组部件表面散热的空气混合，进一步提高蒸发器的进风温度、降低进风相对湿度，其他同第一种方法。
最后，本发明公开所述全热回收型一体式燃气热泵供热机组及方法在环保领域中的应用。
本发明的关键技术原理是将一次能源直接转换为机械能(省掉电力转换)，机械能吸收空气中的热量输送到室内供暖，一次能源做功后其热能基本没有损失，90％以上热量全部回收用于供暖或生活热水，通过燃气熵增原理实现了能源的梯级利用。或者用火用分析理论解释，如果把锅炉燃气过程看作是天然气火用损失的过程的话，那么燃气热泵就是利用了天然气的火用将室外空气的火无转化为室内空气火用。燃气空气源热泵消耗一次能源的量远低于通过燃气发电再驱动热泵供热的一次能源消耗量。
与现有技术相比，本发明取得了以下有益效果：
(1)本发明机组是一体化的整体型箱体结构形式，是一台完整的成套设备，虽然体积略大于相同供热量的燃气锅炉，但在多数情况下可以省掉烟囱。由于用气量较小，又不存在锅炉的锅筒等压力容器，安全性大大优于燃气锅炉，所以不需要按特种设备进行监管，在替代现有燃气锅炉改造中完全可以利用原有锅炉房。
(2)本发明装置将天然气的使用与蒸发器的排风结合起来，通过稀释排烟浓度很好地解决了局部环境污染问题。
(3)本发明采用内燃机驱动热泵抽取空气中的热量，然后将余热和机械摩擦产热继续用于供热系统，热能转化率高。由于回气通过烟气余热提升温度，其温度和压力高于普通电驱动空气源热泵，在压缩比不变的情况下，可以通过提高冷凝压力使蒸发温度进一步提高，这样就使蒸发器在大部分运行时段的蒸发温度高于环境空气露点温度，即使没有高温烟气加入的大部分环境工况下一般也不会结霜。因此，本发明将蒸发器置于热泵机组箱体之内，使进风先经过箱体内所有散热部件，被内燃机、联轴器、压缩机、冷凝器、管道等部件的表面加热后，再与通过烟气余热回收器的烟气混合进一步升温，可提升蒸发器防结霜能力。如果本机组用户位于高湿低温环境地区或遇极端恶劣天气，可以关闭进入余热回收器之前的排烟阀，将内燃机出口的高温烟气直接进入蒸发器的烟气混合腔，以更大程度地提高蒸发器的进风温度，确保本机组成为真正的免除霜空气源热泵机组。
(4)本发明将高品位的天然气首先用来做功(熵增)，其在做功过程中产生的热量基本没有损失，或者说天然气的热值或发热量并没有变化。而燃气锅炉如果考虑回收天然气的冷凝热，燃气冷凝锅炉效率可以超过100％，可以说其能效比也就是1.0左右。本发明机组在天然气做功以后理论上可以按燃气发 热量的0.9回收其余热，如果燃气驱动压缩制热的热泵系统能效比达到2.0的话，两项叠加的制热效率可达290％。
(5)本发明摒弃了燃气热泵研究追求多用途多工况综合能效比的限制，不再考虑夏季制冷性能系数和冷热转换，可以重新确定蒸发器、冷凝器等设备配比和系统压力，机组设计和运行参数完全满足集中供热的要求，其生产制造和检测按燃气锅炉标准进行，成功使现有GHP技术能够用于以暖气片为末端的供热系统。
附图说明
构成本申请的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的不当限定。
图1为本发明实施例1中全热回收型一体式燃气热泵供热机组的结构示意图。
图2为本发明实施例2中全热回收型一体式燃气热泵供热机组的结构示意图。
图中标记代表：1-内燃机、2-变速器联轴器、3-压缩机、4-冷凝器、5-膨胀阀、6-蒸发器、7-烟气余热回收器、8-排烟控制阀、9-烟气与空气混合腔、10-进风窗、11-外壳、12-机组支座。
具体实施方式
应该指出，以下详细说明都是例示性的，旨在对本申请提供进一步的说明。除非另有指明，本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本申请所属技术领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同含义。
需要注意的是，这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式，而非意图限制根据本申请的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的，除非上下文另外明确 指出，否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式，此外，还应当理解的是，当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时，其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合。
正如背景技术所述，现有GHP技术虽然可以通过空调方式用于室内采暖，但并不适合用于以暖气片为末端的供热系统。因此，本发明提出一种全热回收型一体式燃气热泵供热机组；现结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明进一步进行说明。
实施例1
一种全热回收型一体式燃气热泵供热机组，参考图1，包括：内燃机1、变速器联轴器2、压缩机3、冷凝器4、膨胀阀5、蒸发器6、烟气余热回收器7、排烟控制阀8、烟气与空气混合腔9、进风窗10和外壳11。
所述内燃机1、变速器联轴器2、压缩机3、冷凝器4依次连接，且所述内燃机1的外表设置有缸套；所述膨胀阀5设置在冷凝器4和蒸发器6之间的连通管路上，且蒸发器6回连至压缩机3，构成空气源热泵冷媒系统；所述烟气余热回收器7设置在内燃机1的烟气管道上，所述烟气与空气混合腔9与蒸发器6的进气口连通，所述排烟控制阀8设置在内燃机1与烟气余热回收器7之间的烟气管道上以及内燃机1与空气混合腔9之间的烟气管道上；供暖水管道分为两路，第一路依次与冷凝器4、烟气余热回收器7之间进行热交换后将高温水供给用户，第二路与内燃机1之间换热后与第一路汇合，然后将高温水供给用户；上述部件设置在所述外壳10内，所述进风窗11设置在所述外壳10上，所述进风窗11的设置位置以空气进入后至少能够流经内燃机1、变速器联轴器2、压缩机3为准；所述蒸发器6的排气口位于外壳10外部。
本实施例供热机组的特点是：烟气余热利用以加热采暖供水为主，一般用 于提供55℃以下的采暖供水，造价低、热效率高，适合于空气相对湿度较低的寒冷地区使用。
实施例2
一种全热回收型一体式燃气热泵供热机组，同实施例1，区别在于：参考图2，述烟气余热回收器7的出口与烟气与空气混合腔9连通，烟气在烟气余热回收器7中与供暖水换热后再次进入空气混合腔9中再次进行利用。
本实施例供热机组的特点是：由于这一机型冷凝压力大，使得冷凝器出水或者说进入烟气余热回收器的采暖循环水温度较高，致使烟气余热回收器排出的烟气(二次烟气)温度较高，因此应全部进入蒸发器进一步充分利用。本实施例供热机组可以提供55℃以上供暖热水，适用于空气相对湿度较高的严寒地区使用。
实施例3
一种全热回收型一体式燃气热泵供热机组，同实施例1或2，区别在于：所述进风窗11中设置有导流板；导流板可以保证进风先经过内燃机、联轴器、压缩机、各换热器、管路等散热部件，以便于能够充分吸取余热。
实施例4
一种全热回收型一体式燃气热泵供热机组，同实施例1或2，区别在于：所述蒸发器和烟气与空气混合腔的表面经过防腐、防垢处理。所述全热回收型一体式燃气热泵供热机组还包括机组支座12，所述机组支座12设置在外壳12的底部，用于支撑整个供热机组。
实施例5
使用实施例1所述的全热回收型一体式燃气热泵供热机组加热供暖水的方法：燃气在内燃机1中燃烧推动变速器联轴器2对压缩机3中的冷媒进行压缩， 低温的冷媒被压缩后变成高温高压的冷媒气体，其在流经冷凝器44时与冷凝器4内的供暖水进行换热，供暖水被经热后进入烟气余热回收器7；燃气燃烧后的排烟分为两路，一路进入烟气余热回收器7对进入其中的供暖热水温度进一步加热；另一路烟气进入蒸发器6的烟气与空气混合腔9与已吸收机组部件表面散热的空气混合，进一步提高蒸发器6的进风温度、降低进风相对湿度，这一路主要在深冬气温过低空气湿度偏大时段使用，其余运行时段这路烟气控制阀可关闭；高温高压的冷媒气体经过换热后变成液态冷媒，然后经过节流阀5节流和降压后进入蒸发器6，吸收大量的空气热能和烟气的热能后回流至压缩机3中进行循环使用；另一路供暖水直接通过内燃机1与内燃机之间进行热交换，两路加热后的供暖水汇合后供给用户。
实施例6
使用实施例2所述的全热回收型一体式燃气热泵供热机组加热供暖水的方法：燃气燃烧后的排烟分为两路，一路进入烟气余热回收器7对进入其中的供暖热水温度进一步加热，然后改烟气再次进入蒸发器6的烟气与空气混合腔9中与已吸收机组部件表面散热的空气混合，用于加热蒸发器6的制冷剂，大部分时段这路烟气控制阀8处开启状态。另一路烟气直接进入蒸发器6的烟气与空气混合腔9中，进入烟气与空气混合腔9的烟气与已吸收机组部件表面散热的空气混合，进一步提高蒸发器6的进风温度、降低进风相对湿度，因一次排烟温度较高，可以在进风温度较低时更大程度地提高蒸发温度，这一路主要在深冬气温过低空气湿度偏大时段使用，其余运行时段这路烟气控制阀可关闭，其他同实施例5所述的方法。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内， 所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种全热回收型一体式燃气热泵供热机组，其特征在于，包括：内燃机、变速器联轴器、压缩机、冷凝器、蒸发器、烟气余热回收器、排烟控制阀、烟气与空气混合腔、进风窗和外壳；
    所述内燃机、变速器联轴器、压缩机、冷凝器依次连接，且蒸发器回连至压缩机，构成空气源热泵冷媒系统；
    所述烟气余热回收器设置在内燃机的烟气管道上，所述烟气与空气混合腔与蒸发器的进气口连通；所述排烟控制阀设置在内燃机与烟气余热回收器之间的烟气管道上以及内燃机与空气混合腔之间的烟气管道上；
    供暖水管道分为两路，第一路依次与冷凝器、烟气余热回收器之间进行热交换后将高温水供给用户，第二路与内燃机之间换热后与第一路汇合，然后将高温水供给用户；
    上述部件设置在所述外壳内，所述进风窗设置在所述外壳上，所述进风窗的设置位置以空气进入后至少能够流经内燃机、变速器联轴器、压缩机为准；所述蒸发器的排气口位于外壳外部。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的全热回收型一体式燃气热泵供热机组，其特征在于，所述烟气余热回收器的出口与烟气与空气混合腔连通。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的全热回收型一体式燃气热泵供热机组，其特征在于，还包括膨胀阀，所述膨胀阀设置在冷凝器和蒸发器之间的连通管路上。
  4. 如权利要求1或2所述的全热回收型一体式燃气热泵供热机组，其特征在于，所述压缩机为螺杆式或涡旋式压缩机。
  5. 如权利要求1或2所述的全热回收型一体式燃气热泵供热机组，其特征在于，所述进风窗中设置有导流板。
  6. 如权利要求1或2所述的全热回收型一体式燃气热泵供热机组，其特 征在于，所述内燃机的外表设置有缸套。
  7. 如权利要求1或2所述的全热回收型一体式燃气热泵供热机组，其特征在于，所述蒸发器和烟气与空气混合腔的表面经过防腐、防垢处理；
    优选地，所述全热回收型一体式燃气热泵供热机组还包括机组支座，所述机组支座设置在外壳的底部。
  8. 使用权利要求1所述的全热回收型一体式燃气热泵供热机组加热供暖水的方法，其特征在于，燃气在内燃机中燃烧推动变速器联轴器对压缩机中的冷媒进行压缩，低温的冷媒被压缩后变成高温高压的冷媒气体，其在流经冷凝器时与冷凝器内的供暖水进行换热，供暖水被经热后进入烟气余热回收器；燃气燃烧后的排烟分为两路，一路进入烟气余热回收器对进入其中的供暖热水温度进一步加热；另一路烟气进入蒸发器的烟气与空气混合腔与已吸收机组部件表面散热的空气混合，进一步提高蒸发器的进风温度、降低进风相对湿度，这一路主要在深冬气温过低空气湿度偏大时段使用，其余运行时段这路烟气控制阀可关闭；高温高压的冷媒气体经过换热后变成液态冷媒，然后经过节流阀节流和降压后进入蒸发器，吸收大量的空气热能和烟气的热能后回流至压缩机中进行循环使用；另一路供暖水直接通过内燃机与内燃机之间进行热交换，两路加热后的供暖水汇合后供给用户。
  9. 使用权利要求2所述的全热回收型一体式燃气热泵供热机组加热供暖水的方法，其特征在于，燃气燃烧后的排烟分为两路，一路进入烟气余热回收器对进入其中的供暖热水温度进一步加热，然后改烟气再次进入蒸发器的烟气与空气混合腔中与已吸收机组部件表面散热的空气混合；另一路烟气直接进入蒸发器的烟气与空气混合腔中，进入烟气与空气混合腔的烟气与已吸收机组部件表面散热的空气混合，进一步提高蒸发器的进风温度、降低进风相对湿度， 其他同权利要求8所述的方法。
  10. 如权利要求1-7任一项所述的全热回收型一体式燃气热泵供热机组和/会如权利要求8或9所述的方法在环保领域中的应用。
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