WO2020243017A1 - Multivalent binding composition for nucleic acid analysis - Google Patents
Multivalent binding composition for nucleic acid analysis Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2020243017A1 WO2020243017A1 PCT/US2020/034409 US2020034409W WO2020243017A1 WO 2020243017 A1 WO2020243017 A1 WO 2020243017A1 US 2020034409 W US2020034409 W US 2020034409W WO 2020243017 A1 WO2020243017 A1 WO 2020243017A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- nucleotide
- nucleic acid
- polymer
- target nucleic
- binding
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6869—Methods for sequencing
- C12Q1/6874—Methods for sequencing involving nucleic acid arrays, e.g. sequencing by hybridisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6869—Methods for sequencing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q2521/00—Reaction characterised by the enzymatic activity
- C12Q2521/10—Nucleotidyl transfering
- C12Q2521/101—DNA polymerase
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q2537/00—Reactions characterised by the reaction format or use of a specific feature
- C12Q2537/10—Reactions characterised by the reaction format or use of a specific feature the purpose or use of
- C12Q2537/157—A reaction step characterised by the number of molecules incorporated or released
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q2563/00—Nucleic acid detection characterized by the use of physical, structural and functional properties
- C12Q2563/107—Nucleic acid detection characterized by the use of physical, structural and functional properties fluorescence
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q2563/00—Nucleic acid detection characterized by the use of physical, structural and functional properties
- C12Q2563/149—Particles, e.g. beads
Definitions
- Nucleic acid sequencing can be used to obtain information in a wide variety of biomedical contexts, including diagnostics, prognostics, biotechnology, and forensic biology.
- Various sequencing methods have been developed including Maxam-Gilbert sequencing and chain- termination methods, or de novo sequencing methods including shotgun sequencing and bridge PCR, or next-generation methods including polony sequencing, 454 pyrosequencing, Illumina sequencing, SOLiD sequencing, Ion Torrent semiconductor sequencing, HeliScope single molecule sequencing, SMRT® sequencing, and others.
- next-generation methods including polony sequencing, 454 pyrosequencing, Illumina sequencing, SOLiD sequencing, Ion Torrent semiconductor sequencing, HeliScope single molecule sequencing, SMRT® sequencing, and others.
- Despite advances in DNA sequencing many challenges to cost effective, high throughput sequencing remain unaddressed.
- the present disclosure provides novel solutions and approaches to addressing many of the shortcomings of existing technologies.
- the contacting comprises use of three types of polymer-nucleotide conjugate and wherein each type of the three types of polymer-nucleotide conjugate comprises a different type of nucleotide moiety.
- the polymer-nucleotide conjugate comprises a blocked nucleotide moiety.
- the blocked nucleotide is a 3 '-0-azidomethyl nucleotide, a 3 '-0-methyl nucleotide, or a 3 '-0-alkyl hydroxylamine nucleotide.
- said contacting occurs in the presence of an ion that stabilizes said multivalent binding complex.
- the method can be carried out at a temperature within a range of 25°C to 62°C.
- the polymer-nucleotide conjugate further comprises one or more fluorescent labels and the two or more copies of the target nucleic acid sequence are deposited on, attached to, or hybridized to a surface, wherein a fluorescence image of the multivalent binding complex on the surface has a contrast to noise ratio in the detecting step of greater than 20.
- the composition of (a) is deposited on a surface using a buffer that incorporates a polar aprotic solvent.
- the contacting is performed under a condition that stabilizes said multivalent binding complex when said nucleotide moiety is complementary to a next base of said target nucleic acid sequence and destabilizes said multivalent binding complex when said nucleotide moiety is not complementary to said next base of said target nucleic acid sequence.
- said polymer-nucleotide conjugate comprises a polymer having a plurality of branches and said two or more nucleotide moieties are attached to said branches.
- said polymer has a star, comb, cross- linked, bottle brush, or dendrimer configuration.
- the present disclosure provides methods of determining the identity of a nucleotide in a target nucleic acid comprising the steps, without regard to any particular order of operations, 1) providing a composition comprising: a target nucleic acid comprising two or more repeats of an identical sequence; two or more primer nucleic acids complementary to one or more regions of said target nucleic acid; and two or more polymerase molecules; 2) contacting said composition with a multivalent binding or incorporation composition comprising a polymer- nucleotide conjugate under conditions sufficient to allow a binding or incorporated complex to be formed between said polymer-nucleotide conjugate and the composition of step (a), wherein the polymer-nucleotide conjugate comprises two or more copies of a nucleotide and optionally one or more detectable labels; and 3) detecting said binding or incorporated complex, thereby establishing the identity of said nucleotide in the target nucleic acid polymer.
- the present disclosure provides said method wherein said polymer-nucleotide conjugate comprises a polymer having a plurality of branches and said plurality of copies of said first nucleotide are attached to said branches, especially wherein said first polymer has a star, comb, cross-linked, bottle brush, or dendrimer configuration.
- said polymer-nucleotide conjugate comprises one or more binding groups selected from the group consisting of avidin, biotin, affinity tag, and combinations thereof.
- the present disclosure provides said method further comprising a dissociation step that destabilizes said binding complex formed between the composition of (a) and the polymer-nucleotide conjugate to remove said polymer-nucleotide conjugate.
- the present disclosure provides said method further comprising an extension step to incorporate into said primer nucleic acid a nucleotide that is complementary to said next base of the target nucleic acid, and optionally wherein the extension step occurs currently as or after said dissociation step.
- the present disclosure provides said composition wherein the nucleotide or nucleotide analog is attached to the branch or arm through a linker; and especially wherein the linker comprises PEG, and wherein the PEG linker moiety has an average molecular weight of about IK Da, about 2K Da, about 3K Da, about 4K Da, about 5K Da, about 10K Da, about 15K Da, about 20K Da, about 50K Da, about 100K Da, about 150K Da, or about 200K Da, or greater than about 200K Da. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides said composition wherein the linker comprises PEG, and wherein the PEG linker moiety has an average molecular weight of between about 5K Da and about 20K Da.
- the present disclosure provides said composition wherein at least one nucleotide or nucleotide analog comprises a deoxyribonucleotide, a ribonucleotide, a deoxyribonucleoside, or a ribonucleoside; and/or wherein the nucleotide or nucleotide analog is conjugated to the linker through the 5’ end of the nucleotide or nucleotide analog.
- the present disclosure provides said method, wherein said nucleic acid molecule has been clonally-amplified on a solid support.
- the present disclosure provides said method, wherein the clonal amplification comprises the use of a polymerase chain reaction (PCR), multiple displacement amplification (MDA), transcription- mediated amplification (TMA), nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (NASBA), strand displacement amplification (SDA), real-time SDA, bridge amplification, isothermal bridge amplification, rolling circle amplification (RCA), circle-to-circle amplification, helicase-dependent amplification, recombinase-dependent amplification, single-stranded binding (SSB) protein- dependent amplification, or any combination thereof.
- PCR polymerase chain reaction
- MDA multiple displacement amplification
- TMA transcription- mediated amplification
- NASBA nucleic acid sequence-based amplification
- SDA strand displacement amplification
- bridge amplification isothermal bridge
- the present disclosure provides said method, wherein the one or more nucleic acid binding compositions are labeled with fluorophores and the detecting step comprises use of fluorescence imaging; and especially wherein the fluorescence imaging comprises dual wavelength excitation/four wavelength emission fluorescence imaging.
- the present disclosure provides said method, wherein four different nucleic acid binding compositions, each comprising a different nucleotide or nucleotide analog, are used to determine the identity of the terminal nucleotide, wherein the four different nucleic acid binding compositions are labeled with separate respective fluorophores, and wherein the detecting step comprises simultaneous excitation at a wavelength sufficient to excite all four fluorophores and imaging of fluorescence emission at wavelengths sufficient to detect each respective fluorophore.
- the present disclosure provides said method, wherein four different nucleic acid binding compositions, each comprising a different nucleotide or nucleotide analog, are used to determine the identity of the terminal nucleotide, wherein the four different nucleic acid binding compositions are labeled with cyanine dye 3 (Cy3), cyanine dye 3.5 (Cy3.5), cyanine dye 5 (Cy5), and cyanine dye 5.5.
- the present disclosure provides said method, wherein four different nucleic acid binding compositions, each comprising a different nucleotide or nucleotide analog, are used to determine the identity of the terminal nucleotide, wherein one, two, three, or four different nucleic acid binding compositions are respectively labeled, each with a with distinct fluorophore or set of fluorophores, and wherein the detecting step comprises simultaneous excitation at a wavelength sufficient to excite one, two, three, or four fluorophores or sets of fluorophores, and imaging of fluorescence emission at wavelengths sufficient to detect each respective fluorophore.
- the present disclosure provides said method, wherein the first fluorophore is Cy3, the second fluorophore is Cy5, the first excitation wavelength is 532 nm or 568 nm, the second excitation wavelength is 633 nm, the first fluorescence emission wavelength is about 570 nm, and the second fluorescence emission wavelength is about 670 nm.
- the detection label can comprise one or more portions of a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) pair, such that multiple classifications can be performed under a single excitation and imaging step.
- FRET fluorescence resonance energy transfer
- the present disclosure provides said method, wherein a sequencing reaction cycle comprising the contacting, detecting, and incorporating/extending steps is performed in less than 30 minutes in less than 20 minutes, or in less than 10 minutes. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides said method, wherein an average Q-score for base calling accuracy over a sequencing run is greater than or equal to 30, and/or greater than or equal to 40. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides said method, wherein at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, or at least 90% of the terminal nucleotides identified have a Q-score of greater than 30 and/or greater than or equal to 40. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides said method, herein at least 95% of the terminal nucleotides identified have a Q-score of greater than 30.
- the present disclosure provides a reagent comprising one or more nucleic acid binding compositions as disclosed herein and a buffer.
- the present disclosure provides a reagent, wherein said reagent comprises 1, 2, 3, 4, or more nucleic acid binding or incorporation compositions, wherein each nucleic acid binding or incorporation composition comprises a single type of nucleotide.
- kits comprising the nucleic acid binding or incorporation composition of any of the embodiments disclosed herein and/or a reagent of any of the embodiments disclosed herein, and/or one or more buffers; and instructions for the use thereof.
- systems for performing the method of any embodiment disclosed herein comprising a nucleic acid binding or incorporation composition of any of the embodiments disclosed herein, and/or a reagent of any of the embodiments disclosed herein.
- a system is configured to iteratively perform the sequential contacting of tethered, primed nucleic acid molecules with said nucleic acid binding or incorporation compositions and/or said reagents; and for the detection of binding or incorporation of the disclosed nucleic acid binding or incorporation compositions to the one or more primed nucleic acid molecules.
- said substrate may comprise a nucleotide, a nucleoside, a nucleotide analog, or a nucleoside analog.
- the enzyme or protein binding or incorporation substrate may comprise an agent that can bind with a polymerase.
- the enzyme or protein may comprise a polymerase.
- said observation of the location, presence, or persistence of one or more binding or incorporation complexes may comprise fluorescence detection.
- the present disclosure provides said composition wherein the nucleoside or nucleoside analog is present at a surface density of between 0.001 and 1,000,000 per pm 2 , between 0.01 and 1,000,000 per pm 2 ” between 0.1 and 1,000,000 per pm 2 , between 1 and 1,000,000 per pm 2 , between 10 and 1,000,000 per pm 2 , between 100 and 1,000,000 per pm 2 , between 1,000 and 1,000,000 per pm 2 , between 1,000 and 100,000 per pm 2 , between 10,000 and 100,000 per pm 2 , or between 50,000 and 100,000 per pm 2 , or within a range defined by any two of the foregoing values.
- the present disclosure provides said composition wherein the nucleoside or nucleoside analog is present within a nucleotide or nucleotide analog. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides said composition wherein the composition comprises or incorporates a nucleotide or nucleotide analog that is modified so as to prevent its incorporation into an extending nucleic acid chain during a polymerase reaction. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides said composition wherein the composition comprises or incorporates a nucleotide or nucleotide analog that is reversibly modified so as to prevent its incorporation into an extending nucleic acid chain during a polymerase reaction.
- the present disclosure provides a reagent comprising one or more nucleic acid binding or incorporation compositions as disclosed herein, and a buffer.
- the present disclosure provides said reagent, wherein said reagent comprises 1, 2, 3, 4, or more nucleic acid binding or incorporation compositions, wherein each nucleic acid binding or incorporation composition comprises a single type of nucleotide or nucleotide analog, and wherein said nucleotide or nucleotide analog comprises a nucleotide, nucleotide analog, nucleoside, or nucleoside analog.
- the present disclosure provides a system for performing any of the methods disclosed herein; wherein said methods may comprise use of any of the compositions as disclosed herein; and/or any of the reagents as disclosed herein; one or more buffers, and one or more nucleic acid molecules optionally tethered or attached to a solid support, wherein said system is configured to iteratively perform for the sequential contacting of said nucleic acid molecules with said composition and/or said reagent; and for the detection of binding or incorporation of the nucleic acid binding or incorporation compositions to the one or more nucleic acid molecules.
- FIGS. 7B-7E fluorescence images showing multivalent PEG-nucleotide (base-labeled) ligands PB1 (FIG. 7B), PB2 (FIG. 7C), PB3 (FIG. 7D), and PB5 (FIG. 7E) having an effective nucleotide concentration of 500 nM after mixing in the exposure buffer and imaging in the imaging buffer as described above.
- FIG. 7F fluorescence image showing multivalent PEG-nucleotide (base-labeled) ligand PB5 at 2.5uM after mixing in the exposure buffer and imaging in the imaging buffer as above.
- FIGS. 9A-9J show fluorescence images of multivalent polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymer- nucleotide (base-labeled) conjugates, having an effective nucleotide concentration of 500 nM and varying PEG branch length, after contacting to a support surface comprising DNA templates (comprising G or A as the first base; prepared using rolling circle amplification (RCA)) in an exposure buffer comprising 20 nM Klenow polymerase and 2.5 mM Sr +2 . Images were acquired after washing with an imaging buffer having the same composition as the exposure buffer but lacking nucleotides and polymeras. Panels show images obtained using multivalent PEG-nucleotide ligands with arm lengths as follows.
- FIG. 1 polyethylene glycol
- FIG. 9A IK PEG.
- FIG. 9B 2K PEG.
- FIG. 9C 3K PEG.
- FIG. 9D 5K PEG.
- FIG. 9E 10K PEG.
- FIG. 9F 20K PEG.
- FIG. 9G shows images obtained using 10K PEG and an inactive klenow polymerase comprising the mutation D882H.
- FIG. 7H shows images obtained using 10K PEG and an inactive klenow polymerase comprising the mutation D882E.
- FIG. 71 shows images obtained using 10K PEG and an inactive klenow polymerase comprising the mutation D882A.
- FIG. 7J shows images obtained using 10K PEG and an active wild type klenow polymerase.
- Nucleic acids include double- and single-stranded DNA, as well as double- and single-stranded RNA, DNA/RNA hybrids, peptide-nucleic acids (PNAs), hybrids between PNAs and DNA or RNA, and may also include other types of nucleic acid modifications.
- PNAs peptide-nucleic acids
- “Complementary,” as used herein, refers to the topological compatibility or matching together of interacting surfaces of a ligand molecule and its receptor.
- the receptor and its ligand can be described as complementary, and furthermore, the contact surface characteristics are complementary to each other.
- Each of the nucleotide moieties of the multivalent binding composition may bind to a complementary N nucleotide of a primed target nucleic acid molecule, thereby forming a multivalent binding complex comprising two or more target nucleic acid molecules, two or more polymerase (or other enzyme) molecules, and the multivalent binding composition (e.g ., the polymer-nucleotide conjugate). From this bound complex the nucleotide can interrogate the complementary base prior to incorporation of a modified reversibly blocked nucleotide that elongates the replicating strand by 1 base.
- the target nucleic acid is then clonally- amplified to form clusters of amplified nucleic acids.
- the surface density of clonally-amplified nucleic acid sequences hybridized to adapter on the support surface may span the same range as the surface density of tethered adapters (or primers).
- detection of a polymerase complex incorporating a particle-nucleotide conjugate may be carried out using two-color detection, such that conjugates corresponding to two of the four nucleotides are present in a sample, with two conjugates having a separate label corresponding to the nucleotide conjugated thereto and two conjugates having no label or being conjugated to an undetectable label. In some embodiments, only two of the four particle-nucleotide conjugates are labeled.
- the sequencing method may further comprise incorporating the N+l or terminal nucleotide into the primed strand as shown in FIG. IF.
- the primer strand of the primed target nucleic acid 108 can be extended for one base to form an extended nucleic acid 109.
- the extension step can occur after or concurrently with the destabilization of the multivalent binding or incorporation complex.
- the primed target nucleic acid 108 can be extended using a complementary nucleotide that is attached to the particle in the particle-nucleotide conjugate or using an unconjugated or untethered free nucleotide that is provided after the multivalent binding or incorporation composition has been removed.
- the system may comprise a fluid flow controller and/or fluid dispensing system configured to sequentially and iteratively contact the primed target nucleic acid molecules attached to a solid support with the disclosed polymerase and multivalent binding or incorporation compositions and/or reagents.
- the contacting may be performed within one or more flow cells.
- said flow cells may be fixed components of the system.
- said flow cells may be removable and/or disposable components of the system.
- the dissociation can be achieved by placing the binding or incorporation complex in a condition (e.g, adding Strontium ions) that will change the conformation of the polymerase and destabilize the binding or incorporation.
- 206 may also include a step of washing or removing the dissociated particle-nucleotide conjugate and/or polymerase.
- 207 describes the step of extending the primed strand of the primed target nucleic acid by a single base addition reaction. After the single base extension, steps 204, 205, 206, and 207 can be repeated in multiple cycles to determine the sequences of the target nucleic acid.
- the particle-nucleotide conjugate can have one or more labels.
- the labels include but are not limited to fluorophores, spin labels, metals or metal ions, colorimetric labels, nanoparticles, PET labels, radioactive labels, or other such label as may render said composition detectable by such methods as are known in the art of the detection of macromolecules or molecular interactions.
- the label may be attached to the nucleotide (e.g.
- cyanine fluorophores include, for example, Cy3, (which may comprise l-[6-(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-l-yloxy)- 6-oxohexyl]-2-(3- ⁇ l-[6-(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-l-yloxy)-6-oxohexyl]-3,3-dimethyl-l,3-dihydro-2H- indol-2-ylidene ⁇ prop- 1 -en- 1 -yl)-3 ,3 -dimethyl-3H-indolium or 1 -[6-(2, 5-dioxopyrrolidin- 1 -yloxy)- 6-oxohexyl]-2-(3- ⁇ l-[6-(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-l-yloxy)-6-oxohexyl]-3,3-dimethyl-5-sulfo-l,3-
- the polymer core may have a size corresponding to an apparent molecular weight of IK Da, 2K Da, 3K Da, 4K Da, 5K Da, 10K Da, 15K Da, 20K Da, 30K Da, 50K Da, 80K Da, 100K Da, or any value within a range defined by any two of the foregoing.
- the apparent molecular weight of a polymer may be calculated from the known molecular weight of a representative number of subunits, as determined by size exclusion chromatography, as determined by mass spectrometry, or as determined by any other method as is known in the art.
- the length of the linker may range from about 1 nm to about 1,000 nm. In some instances, the length of the linker may be at least 1 nm, at least 10 nm, at least 25 nm, at least 50 nm, at least 75 nm, at least 100 nm, at least 200 nm, at least 300 nm, at least 400 nm, at least 500 nm, at least 600 nm, at least 700 nm, at least 800 nm, at least 900 nm, or at least 1,000 nm. In some instances, the length of the linker may range between any two of the values in this paragraph.
- one of the nucleotides, nucleotide analogs, nucleosides, or nucleoside analogs comprises, for example, deoxycytidine, and the length of the linker is between 1 nm and 1,000 nm. In some instances, one of the nucleotides, nucleotide analogs, nucleosides, or nucleoside analogs comprises, for example, adenosine, and the length of the linker is between 1 nm and 1,000 nm. In some instances, one of the nucleotides, nucleotide analogs, nucleosides, or nucleoside analogs comprises, for example, guanosine, and the length of the linker is between 1 and 1,000 nm.
- Non-limiting examples of complementary interaction moieties include, for example, biotin and avidin; SNAP-benzylguanosine; antibody or FAB and epitope; IgG FC and Protein A, Protein G, ProteinA/G, or Protein L; maltose binding protein and maltose; lectin and cognate polysaccharide; ion chelation moieties, complementary nucleic acids, nucleic acids capable of forming triplex or triple helical interactions; nucleic acids capable of forming G-quartets, and the like.
- multivalent binding compositions disclosed herein associate with polymerase nucleotide complexes in order to form a ternary binding complexes with a rate that is time-dependent, though substantially slower than the rate of association known to be obtainable by nucleotides in free solution.
- the on-rate (K on ) is substantially and surprisingly slower than the on rate for single nucleotides or nucleotides not attached to multivalent ligand complexes.
- the off rate (K 0ff ) of the multivalent ligand complex is substantially slower than that observed for nucleotides in free solution.
- the persistence time may range between any two of the values specified in this paragraph. For example, in some instances, the persistence time may range from about 10 seconds to about 360 seconds. Those of skill in the art will recognize that in some instances, the persistence time may have any value within the range of values specified in this paragraph, e.g ., 78 seconds.
- suitable polymerases may include but are not limited to: Klenow DNA polymerase, Thermus aquaticus DNA polymerase I (Taq polymerase), KlenTaq polymerase, and bacteriophage T7 DNA polymerase; human alpha, delta and epsilon DNA polymerases; bacteriophage polymerases such as T4, RB69 and phi29 bacteriophage DNA polymerases, Pyrococcus furiosus DNA polymerase (Pfu polymerase); Bacillus subtilis DNA polymerase III, and E.
- coli DNA polymerase III alpha and epsilon 9 degree N polymerase, reverse transcriptases such as HIV type M or O reverse transcriptases, avian myeloblastosis virus reverse transcriptase, or Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus (MMLV) reverse transcriptase, or telomerase.
- reverse transcriptases such as HIV type M or O reverse transcriptases, avian myeloblastosis virus reverse transcriptase, or Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus (MMLV) reverse transcriptase, or telomerase.
- HIV type M or O reverse transcriptases avian myeloblastosis virus reverse transcriptase
- MMLV Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus
- a composition of the present disclosure comprises Mg 2+ .
- a composition of the present disclosure comprises Ca 2+ .
- an ion may be incorporated into the compositions of the present disclosure by the addition of one or more acids, bases, or salts, such as NiCk, CoCk, MgCk, MnCk, SrCk, CaCk, CaSCk, SrCCh, BaCk or the like.
- acids, bases, or salts such as NiCk, CoCk, MgCk, MnCk, SrCk, CaCk, CaSCk, SrCCh, BaCk or the like.
- Representative salts, ions, solutions and conditions may be found in Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, 20th. Edition, Gennaro, A.R., Ed. (2000), which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety, and especially with respect to Chapter 17 and related disclosure of salts, ions, salt solutions, and ionic solutions.
- the contacting of one or more nucleic acids with the polymer-nucleotide conjugates disclosed herein in a solution lacking strontium comprises in a separate step, without regard to the order of the steps, adding to the solution strontium.
- the disclosed supports may comprise a substrate (or support structure), one or more layers of a covalently or non-covalently attached low-binding, chemical modification layers, e.g. , silane layers, polymer films, and one or more covalently or non-covalently attached primer sequences that may be used for tethering single-stranded target nucleic acid(s) to the support surface.
- a substrate or support structure
- chemical modification layers e.g. , silane layers, polymer films
- primer sequences e.g., silane layers, polymer films
- the formulation of the surface may be varied such that specific amplification rates and/or yields on the support surface are maximized.
- Amplification levels suitable for detection are achieved in no more than 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, or more than 30 amplification cycles in some cases disclosed herein.
- the substrate or support structure that comprises the one or more chemically-modified layers, e.g ., layers of a low non-specific binding polymer, may be independent or integrated into another structure or assembly.
- the substrate or support structure may comprise one or more surfaces within an integrated or assembled microfluidic flow cell.
- the substrate or support structure may comprise one or more surfaces within a microplate format, e.g. , the bottom surface of the wells in a microplate.
- the substrate or support structure comprises the interior surface (such as the lumen surface) of a capillary.
- the substrate or support structure comprises the interior surface (such as the lumen surface) of a capillary etched into a planar chip.
- radioisotope labeling and counting methods may be used for quantitative assessment of the degree to which non specific binding is exhibited by the different support surface formulations of the present disclosure.
- Some surfaces disclosed herein exhibit a ratio of specific to nonspecific binding of a fluorophore such as Cy3 of at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 50, 75, 100, or greater than 100, or any intermediate value spanned by the range herein.
- Some surfaces disclosed herein exhibit a ratio of specific to nonspecific fluorescence of a fluorophore such as Cy3 of at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 50, 75, 100, or greater than 100, or any intermediate value spanned by the range herein.
- a fluorophore such as Cy3 of at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 50, 75, 100, or greater than 100, or any intermediate value spanned by the range herein.
- the hydrophilic surfaces disclosed herein facilitate reduced wash times for bioassays, often due to reduced nonspecific binding of biomolecules to the low-binding surfaces.
- adequate wash steps may be performed in less than 60, 50, 40, 30, 20, 15, 10, or less than 10 seconds.
- adequate wash steps may be performed in less than 30 seconds.
- the degree of change in the fluorescence used to assess the quality of the surface may be less than 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, or 25% over a time period of 1 minute, 2 minutes, 3 minutes, 4 minutes, 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 20 minutes, 30 minutes, 40 minutes, 50 minutes, 60 minutes, 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours, 5 hours, 6 hours, 7 hours, 8 hours, 9 hours, 10 hours, 15 hours, 20 hours, 25 hours, 30 hours, 35 hours, 40 hours, 45 hours, 50 hours, or 100 hours of exposure to solvents and/or elevated temperatures (or any combination of these percentages as measured over these time periods).
- fluorescence images of the disclosed low background surfaces when used in nucleic acid hybridization or amplification applications to create clusters of hybridized or clonally- amplified nucleic acid molecules exhibit contrast-to-noise ratios (CNRs) of at least 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190, 20, 210, 220, 230, 240, 250, or greater than 250.
- CNRs contrast-to-noise ratios
- the surface density of primers may range from about 10,000 molecules per pm 2 to about 100,000 molecules per pm 2 . Those of skill in the art will recognize that the surface density of primer molecules may have any value within this range, e.g ., about 455,000 molecules per pm 2 .
- the surface density of target library nucleic acid sequences initially hybridized to adapter or primer sequences on the support surface may be less than or equal to that indicated for the surface density of tethered primers.
- the surface density of clonally-amplified target library nucleic acid sequences hybridized to adapter or primer sequences on the support surface may span the same range as that indicated for the surface density of tethered primers.
- incorporation of a nucleotide may be achieved by the provision of a cofactor or activator such as a metal ion.
- the use of multivalent substrates that are capable of incorporation into the elongating strand by providing increased probabilities of rebinding upon premature dissociation of a ternary polymerase complex, can reduce the frequency of“skipped” cycles in which a base is not incorporated.
- the present disclosure contemplates the use of multivalent substrates as disclosed herein in which the nucleoside moiety is comprised within a nucleotide having a free, or reversibly modified, 5’ phosphate, diphosphate, or triphosphate moiety, and wherein the nucleotide is connected to the particle or polymer as disclosed herein, through a labile or cleavable linkage.
- the method of obtaining nucleic acid sequence information can include contacting a target nucleic acid, or multiple target nucleic acids, wherein said templet nucleic acid or multiple target nucleic acids comprise multiple linked or unlinked copies of a target sequence, with one or more particle-nucleotide conjugates.
- This method results in an increase in average read length of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%, 150%, 200%, 300%, or more compared to the average read length observed using monovalent ligands, including free nucleotides, labeled free nucleotides, protein or peptide bound nucleotides, or labeled protein or peptide bound nucleotides.
- nucleic acids are extracted from diseased cells, such as cancerous cells, or from pathogenic cells that are infecting a host.
- Some nucleic acids may be extracted from a distinct subset of cell types, e.g., immune cells (such as T cells, cytotoxic (killer) T cells, helper T cells, alpha beta T cells, gamma delta T cells, T cell progenitors, B cells, B-cell progenitors, lymphoid stem cells, myeloid progenitor cells, lymphocytes, granulocytes, Natural Killer cells, plasma cells, memory cells, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, monocytes, dendritic cells, and/or macrophages, or any combination thereof), undifferentiated human stem cells, human stem cells that have been induced to differentiate, rare cells (e.g ., circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating epithelial cells, circulating endothelial cells, circulating end
- the computer system may also include memory or memory locations (e.g ., random-access memory, read-only memory, flash memory, Intel® OptaneTM technology), electronic storage units (e.g., hard disks), communication interfaces (e.g, network adapters) for communicating with one or more other systems, and peripheral devices, such as cache, other memory, data storage and/or electronic display adapters.
- the memory, storage units, interfaces and peripheral devices may be in communication with the one or more processors, e.g, a CPU, through a communication bus, e.g, as is found on a motherboard.
- the storage unit(s) may be data storage unit(s) (or data repositories) for storing data.
- the system software may provide integrated real-time image analysis and instrument control, so that sample loading, reagent addition, rinse, and/or imaging / base-calling steps may be prolonged, modified, or repeated as necessary until, e.g, optimal base-calling results are achieved.
- Any of a variety of image processing and analysis algorithms known to those of skill in the art may be used to implement real-time or post-processing image analysis capability. Examples include, but are not limited to, the Canny edge detection method, the Canny-Deriche edge detection method, first-order gradient edge detection methods (e.g. the Sobel operator), second order differential edge detection methods, phase congruency (phase coherence) edge detection methods, other image segmentation algorithms (e.g.
- One type of multi-armed substrate, as shown in FIG. 5A were made by reacting propargylamine dNTPs with Biotin-PEG-NHS. This aqueous reaction was driven to completion and purified; resulting in a pure Biotin-PEG-dNTP species. In separate reactions, several different PEG lengths were used, corresponding to average molecular weights varying from IK Da to 20K Da.
- the Biotin-PEG-dNTP species were mixed with either freshly prepared or commercially-sourced dye- labeled streptavidin (SA) using a Dye:SA ratio of 3-5: 1.
- FIG. 7G-7I the fluorescence images showing further base discrimination by exposure of multivalent ligands to inactive mutants of Klenow polymerase (FIG. 7G: D882H; FIG. 7H: D882E; FIG. 71: D882A, and the wild type Klenow (control) enzyme is shown in FIG. 7J).
Abstract
Description
Claims
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US11287422B2 (en) | 2019-09-23 | 2022-03-29 | Element Biosciences, Inc. | Multivalent binding composition for nucleic acid analysis |
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KR102607124B1 (en) | 2023-11-29 |
KR20230165871A (en) | 2023-12-05 |
EP3947731A4 (en) | 2022-06-29 |
AU2020285657B2 (en) | 2022-10-06 |
CN113939601A (en) | 2022-01-14 |
KR20210144929A (en) | 2021-11-30 |
IL287528B2 (en) | 2023-08-01 |
AU2020285657A1 (en) | 2021-11-18 |
GB202115667D0 (en) | 2021-12-15 |
DE112020002516T5 (en) | 2022-03-24 |
JP2022535187A (en) | 2022-08-05 |
IL287528A (en) | 2021-12-01 |
EP3947731A1 (en) | 2022-02-09 |
GB2597398B (en) | 2024-03-06 |
AU2022291540A1 (en) | 2023-02-02 |
SG11202112049VA (en) | 2021-12-30 |
GB2597398A (en) | 2022-01-26 |
IL287528B1 (en) | 2023-04-01 |
IL301380A (en) | 2023-05-01 |
CA3137120A1 (en) | 2020-12-03 |
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