WO2020240143A1 - Dispositif de refroidissement et/ou de chauffage d'une batterie de véhicule électrique - Google Patents
Dispositif de refroidissement et/ou de chauffage d'une batterie de véhicule électrique Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020240143A1 WO2020240143A1 PCT/FR2020/050924 FR2020050924W WO2020240143A1 WO 2020240143 A1 WO2020240143 A1 WO 2020240143A1 FR 2020050924 W FR2020050924 W FR 2020050924W WO 2020240143 A1 WO2020240143 A1 WO 2020240143A1
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- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
- C08J5/0405—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material with inorganic fibres
- C08J5/043—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material with inorganic fibres with glass fibres
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- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
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- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
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- C08J2377/00—Characterised by the use of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2377/02—Polyamides derived from omega-amino carboxylic acids or from lactams thereof
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- C08J2377/00—Characterised by the use of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
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- C08J2477/00—Characterised by the use of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2477/10—Polyamides derived from aromatically bound amino and carboxyl groups of amino carboxylic acids or of polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to the field of electric or hybrid type motor vehicles, requiring the use of electric batteries.
- the invention relates more precisely to a device for cooling and / or heating a battery for an electric or hybrid motor vehicle.
- the electric or hybrid motor vehicle thus requires a device for cooling and / or heating the battery.
- Devices for cooling a battery consisting in the circulation of a heat transfer fluid around the battery are known, as are batteries comprising a protective box.
- batteries today are equipped with a metal case.
- the shapes imparted to a metal structure are obtained by a stamping process.
- the process stamping is not the most efficient for obtaining this type of specificity.
- This safe also has the drawback of being relatively heavy and of degrading relatively quickly over time, especially if it is located in a humid environment.
- barrier property means that the structure is impermeable to automotive air conditioning line fluids and therefore does not allow air conditioning line fluids to be released into the atmosphere.
- an outer envelope made up of a composition comprising:
- the remainder being a matrix comprising mainly at least one polyamide chosen from semi-aromatic polyamides and polyamides consisting of units having an average number of carbon atoms per nitrogen atom ranging from 7 to 10, advantageously from 7.5 at 9.5;
- the device delimiting a cooling and / or heating volume of the battery.
- the device for cooling and / or heating a battery according to the invention has the advantage of being lighter than a device comprising a metal structure. This weight gain contributes to the energy or fuel savings sought for so-called clean vehicles.
- this device may be in contact with an aggressive environment, such as a high temperature in summer or a very low temperature in winter, in contact with zinc chloride, shocks, or even high humidity. It has been observed that the device according to the invention exhibits satisfactory resistance to these external stresses.
- Figure 1 is a sectional view of a device for cooling and / or heating a battery for an electric or hybrid motor vehicle.
- Figure 2 is a sectional view of a portion of a device for cooling and / or heating a battery for an electric or hybrid motor vehicle, Figure 2 illustrating a configuration of the outer casing alternative to the outer casing shown in Figure 1.
- FIG. 3 represents a cooling and / or heating circuit of a battery incorporating the device according to the invention.
- Figure 4 shows a cooling and / or heating circuit of a battery incorporating the device according to the invention, comprising two heat transfer loops.
- the device according to the invention comprises:
- the device delimiting a cooling and / or heating volume of the battery.
- the outer shell consists of a composition comprising:
- the remainder being a matrix predominantly comprising at least one polyamide.
- polyamide denotes both a homopolyamide and a copolyamide.
- the polyamide can be obtained from the polycondensation of lactam units, of amino acid units and / or of XY units, X denoting a diamine and Y denoting a dicarboxylic acid (or diacid).
- Lactams and amino acids contain from 4 to 12 carbon atoms.
- they are chosen from pyrrolidinone, 2-piperidinone, caprolactam, aminohexanoic acid, pelargolactam, decanolactam, undecanolactam, 10-aminoundecanoic acid, amino-11-undecanoic acid, l 12-amino-dodecanoic acid, lauryllactam, enantholactam, caprylolactam.
- the lactams and the amino acids are C11 and C12.
- the diamine can be aliphatic, linear or branched, or cycloaliphatic, preferably it is linear or branched aliphatic, in particular linear.
- the dicarboxylic acid can be aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic, preferably it is aliphatic or aromatic.
- the diamine (X) can be C4 to C36, in particular C6 to C22, in particular C6 to C18 and the dicarboxylic acid (Y) in C4 to C36, in particular in C6 to C22, in particular in C6 to C18.
- the diamine is chosen from butanediamine, pentanediamine, 2-methyl-1, 5-pentanediamine, 1, 6-hexamethylenediamine, 1, 7-heptanediamine, 1, 8-octanediamine, 1 , 9-nonanediamine, 2-methyl- 1, 8-octane-diamine, 2,2,4-trimethylhexamethylenediamine, 2,4,4-trimethylhexamethylenediamine, 1, 10-decanediamine, 1, 11 -undecanediamine, la 2-Butyl-2-ethyl-1, 5-pentanediamine, 1, 12-dodecanediamine, 1, 13- tridecanediamine, 1, 14-tetradecanediamine, hexadecanediamine, octadecanediamine, octadecenediamine, eicosanediamine , docosanediamine and diamines obtained from fatty acids, 1, 3-xylylenediamine (denoted MXD) and 1, 4-
- the dicarboxylic acid is chosen from succinic acid, pentanedioic acid, adipic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, undecanedioic acid, dodecanedioic acid, brassylic acid, tetradecanedioic acid, hexadecanedioic acid, octadecanoic acid, octadecenoic acid, eicosanedioic acid, docosanedioic acid and dimers of fatty acids containing 36 carbons, terephthalic acid (denoted T), isophthalic acid (denoted I), in particular dodecanedioic acid.
- succinic acid pentanedioic acid
- adipic acid suberic acid
- azelaic acid sebacic acid
- undecanedioic acid dodecanedioic acid
- brassylic acid t
- the diamine is chosen from 1, 8-octanediamine, 1, 9-nonanediamine, 2-methyl-1, 8-octane-diamine, 2,2,4-trimethylhexamethylenediamine, 2,4 , 4-trimethylhexamethylenediamine, 1,10- decanediamine, 1,11 -undecanediamine, 2-butyl-2-ethyl-1, 5-pentanediamine, 1, 12-dodecanediamine, 1, 13-tridecanediamine, 1, 14-tetradecanediamine, in particular 1, 10-decanediamine, and the dicarboxylic acid is chosen from sebacic acid, undecanedioic acid, dodecanedioic acid, brassylic acid, tetradecanedioic acid, terephthalic acid (noted T), isophthalic acid (noted I), in particular dodecanedioic acid.
- the lactam is lauryllactam
- the amino acid is chosen from 10-aminoundecanoic acid, 11-amino-undecanoic acid, 12-amino-dodecanoic acid
- the diamine is chosen from 2 -methyl-1, 5- pentanediamine, 1, 6-hexamethylenediamine, 1, 9-nonanediamine, 2-methyl-1, 8-octanediamine, 1, 10-decanediamine and 1, 12-dodecanediamine
- the dicarboxylic acid is chosen from adipic acid, sebacic acid, dodecanedioic acid, terephthalic acid (denoted T) and isophthalic acid (denoted I).
- the lactam is lauryllactam
- the amino acid is chosen from 10-aminoundecanoic acid, 11-amino-undecanoic acid, 12-amino-dodecanoic acid
- diamine is chosen from 2-methyl-1, 5-pentanediamine, 1, 6-hexamethylenediamine, 1, 10-decanediamine and 1, 12-dodecanediamine
- the dicarboxylic acid is chosen from adipic acid, sebacic acid , dodecanedioic acid, terephthalic acid (noted T) and isophthalic acid (noted I).
- the outer shell comprises a polyamide matrix comprising at least one polyamide chosen from semi-aromatic polyamides and polyamides consisting of units having an average number of carbon atoms per nitrogen atom ranging from 9 to 18.
- the average number of carbon atoms per nitrogen atom is understood to mean the average of the number of carbon atoms per unit, that is to say, by chain between two nitrogen atoms.
- the units are linked to each other by amide functions: -CO-NFI-.
- -CO-NFI- there are as many nitrogen atoms as there are amide groups (-CO-NFI-).
- the number of carbon atoms per nitrogen atom is the average of the X unit and of the Y unit.
- the PA612 resulting from the polycondensation of hexanediamine and of l dodecanedioic acid is an AP with 9 carbon atoms per nitrogen atom, in other words is a C9 AP, according to the following calculation: (6 + 12) / 2.
- the number of carbon atoms per nitrogen atom is calculated according to the same principle. The calculation is carried out on a molar basis for the various amide units.
- the polyamide present in the composition of the outer shell is chosen from PA612, PA1010, PA10T, PA10T / 1010, PA11, PA12, PA11 / 10T, PA12 / 10T, PA 1012, PA 618, PA 12T , PA 1010/1012, PA BACT / 6T, PA BACT / 10T, PA BACT / 12T, PA MPMDT / 6T, PA MPMDT / 10T, PA MPMDT / 12T, PA MXDT / 6T, PA MXDT / 10T, PA MXDT / 12T , PA11 / BACT / 6T, PA 11 / BACT / 10T, PA 11 / BACT / 12T, PA 11 / MPMDT / 6T, PA 11 / MPMDT / 10T, PA 11 / MPMDT / 12T, PA 11 / MXDT / 6T, PA 11 / MPMDT / 12T, PA 11 / MXDT / 6
- the polyamide (s) represent from 50 to 80% by weight, relative to the total weight of the matrix.
- the composition of the outer shell comprises more than 25% by weight of polyamide relative to the total weight of the composition.
- composition constituting an outer shell according to the invention comprises 20 to 65% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition of reinforcing fibers.
- the fibers present in the composition of the envelope can be of different dimensions.
- the reinforcing fibers can be qualified as short, long or continuous fibers. A mixture of these fibers of different dimensions and / or of different nature can also be used.
- the so-called short fibers are of length between 200 and 400 ⁇ m.
- the so-called long fibers preferably have a length greater than 1000 ⁇ m.
- the length of the glass fibers is measured according to ISO 22314: 2006 (E).
- These reinforcing fibers can be chosen from:
- carbon fibers which includes fibers of carbon nanotubes or nanotubes (CNTs), carbon nanofibers or graphenes; silica fibers such as glass fibers, in particular of type E, R or S2; boron fibers; ceramic fibers, in particular silicon carbide fibers, boron carbide fibers, boron carbonitride fibers, silicon nitride fibers, boron nitride fibers, basalt fibers; fibers or filaments based on metals and / or their alloys; fibers of metal oxides, in particular of alumina (Al2O3); fibers metallized such as metallized glass fibers and metallized carbon fibers or mixtures of the aforementioned fibers.
- CNTs carbon nanotubes or nanotubes
- silica fibers such as glass fibers, in particular of type E, R or S2
- boron fibers ceramic fibers, in particular silicon carbide fibers, boron carbide fibers, boron carbonitride fiber
- thermoplastic polymers based on amorphous thermoplastic polymer and have a glass transition temperature Tg greater than the Tg of the polyamide or mixture of polyamides, present in the matrix, when the latter is amorphous; or greater than the Tm of the polyamide or mixture of polyamides present in the matrix, when the latter is semi-crystalline.
- they are based on a semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymer and have a melting point Tm greater than the Tg of the polyamide or mixture of polyamides present in the matrix, when the latter is amorphous; or greater than the Tm of the polyamide or mixture of polyamides present in the matrix when the latter is semi-crystalline.
- thermosetting polymers and more particularly chosen from: unsaturated polyesters, epoxy resins, vinyl esters, phenolic resins, polyurethanes, cyanoacrylates and polyimides, such as bis-maleimide resins, aminoplasts resulting from the reaction of an amine such as melamine with an aldehyde such as glyoxal or formaldehyde,
- thermoplastic polymers and more particularly chosen from: polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT),
- Kevlar® aromatic polyamides
- aromatic polyamides such as those corresponding to one of the formulas: PPDT, MPDI, PAA and PPA, with PPD and MPD being respectively p- and m-phenylene diamine, PAA being the polyarylamides and PPA being the polyphthalamides,
- fibers of polyamide block copolymers such as polyamide / polyether, fibers of polyarylether ketones (PAEK) such as polyetherether ketone (PEEK), polyetherketone ketone (PEKK), polyetherketoneetherketone ketone (PEKEKK).
- PAEK polyarylether ketones
- PEEK polyetherether ketone
- PEKK polyetherketone ketone
- PEKEKK polyetherketoneetherketone ketone
- fibers of natural origin and in particular of plant origin, there may be mentioned fibers based on flax, castor, wood, kenaf, coconut, hemp, jute, lignin, bamboo , including spider silk, sisal, and other cellulosic fibers, in particular viscose.
- These fibers of plant origin can be used pure, treated or else coated with a coating layer, with a view to facilitating the adhesion and impregnation of the polymer matrix.
- the reinforcing fibers can constitute a fibrous material, which can also be a fabric, braided or woven with fibers.
- fibers with retaining threads can also correspond to fibers with retaining threads. These constitution fibers can be used alone or in mixtures.
- organic fibers can be mixed with mineral fibers to be impregnated with the polymer matrix and form the prepreg fibrous material.
- the rovings of organic fibers can have several grammages. They can also have several geometries.
- the fibers can be in the form of short fibers, which then make up the felts or nonwovens which can be in the form of strips, sheets, or pieces, or in the form of continuous fibers, which make up the 2D fabrics, the braids or wicks of unidirectional (UD) or non-woven fibers.
- the fibers constituting the fibrous material may also be in the form of a mixture of these reinforcing fibers of different geometries.
- the fibrous material consists of continuous fibers of carbon, glass or silicon carbide or their mixture, in particular carbon fibers. It is used as a wick or several wicks.
- the preferred short reinforcing fibers are short fibers chosen from: carbon fibers, including metallized, glass fibers, including metallized type E, R, S2, aramid fibers (such as Kevlar®) or aromatic polyamides, polyarylether ketone (PAEK) fibers, such as polyetherether ketone (PEEK), polyetherketone ketone (PEKK) fibers, polyetherketoneetherketone ketone (PEKEKK) fibers or mixtures thereof.
- carbon fibers including metallized, glass fibers, including metallized type E, R, S2, aramid fibers (such as Kevlar®) or aromatic polyamides, polyarylether ketone (PAEK) fibers, such as polyetherether ketone (PEEK), polyetherketone ketone (PEKK) fibers, polyetherketoneetherketone ketone (PEKEKK) fibers or mixtures thereof.
- PEEK polyetherether ketone
- PEKK polyetherketone ket
- the reinforcing fibers are selected from fibers of glass, carbon, ceramic, aramid or mixtures thereof.
- the outer casing of the device according to the invention has heat insulating properties.
- the reinforcing fibers will preferably be chosen from glass fibers, basalt fibers and aramid fibers.
- the content of reinforcing fibers may be different in the composition.
- the fiber content is preferably between 20 and 60% by weight of reinforcing fibers.
- the fiber content is preferably between 40 and 65% by weight of reinforcing fibers.
- composition constituting the outer shell of the device according to the invention may comprise at least one flame retardant.
- the flame retardant is chosen from halogen-free flame retardants, as described in US 2008/0274355 and in particular a metal salt chosen from a metal salt of phosphinic acid, a metal salt of acid diphosphinic, a polymer containing at least one metal salt of phosphinic acid, a polymer containing at least one metal salt of diphosphinic acid.
- the flame retardant can also be chosen from red phosphorus, an antimony oxide, a zinc oxide, an iron oxide, a magnesium oxide, metal borates, such as a zinc borate, melamine pyrophosphates, melamine cyanurates, anti-drip agents of silicone or fluorinated nature.
- the flame retardant can also be a mixture of the above agents.
- halogenated flame retardants such as a brominated or polybrominated polystyrene, a brominated polycarbonate or a brominated phenol.
- the flame retardant can also be chosen from the metal salt of phosphinic acid of formula (I) below and the metal salt of diphosphinic acid of formula (II) below: with
- R1 and R2 independently of each other, denote a linear or branched C1 -C6 alkyl group, or an aryl group;
- R3 represents a linear or branched C1 -C10 alkylene, C6-C10 arylene, C6-C10 alkylarylene, or C6-C10 arylalkylene group,
- M is an Mg, Ca, Al, Sb, Sn, Ge, Ti, Zn, Fe, Zr, Ce, Bi, Sr, Mn, Li, Na, K ion and / or a protonated amine base
- m denotes an integer of 1 to 4
- n denotes an integer from 1 to 4
- x denotes an integer from 1 to 4
- n and m being chosen so that the salt is neutral, that is to say that it is not a carrier of an electric charge.
- M represents a calcium, magnesium, aluminum or zinc ion.
- R1 and R2 independently of each other, denote a methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl and / or phenyl group.
- R3 represents a methylene, ethylene, n-propylene, iso-propylene, n-butylene, tert-butylene, n-pentylene, n-octylene, n-dodecylene group; phenylene, naphthylene; methylphenylene, ethylphenylene, tert-butylphenylene, methylnaphthylene, ethylnaphthylene, tert-butylnaphthylene; phenylmethylene, phenylethylene, phenylpropylene, or phenylbutylene.
- the flame retardant may be the product of the trade name Exolit OP 1230 sold by Clariant, which is the aluminum salt of the salt of diethylphosphinic acid (CAS No. 225789-38-8).
- the content of flame retardant is between 0 and 30% by weight, preferably 15 and 25% by weight, and more particularly between 17 and 22% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
- composition constituting the envelope of the device according to the invention may comprise at least one impact modifier.
- the composition constituting the envelope of the device according to the invention can comprise from 0 to 20% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition of at least one impact modifier
- the impact modifier is advantageously constituted by a polymer having a flexural modulus of less than 100 MPa measured according to the ISO 178 standard at 50% RH and of a Tg of less than 0 ° C measured according to the standard 11357-2 of 2013.
- the glass transition temperature Tg of the polyamides is measured using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), after a second heating pass, according to the ISO 1 1357-2: 2013 standard.
- the heating and cooling rate is 20 ° C / min.
- the impact modifier consists of one or more polyolefins, some or all of these bearing a function chosen from carboxylic acid, carboxylic anhydride and epoxide functions.
- the polyolefin can be chosen from a copolymer of ethylene and propylene with an elastomeric character (EPR), an ethylene-propylene-diene copolymer with an elastomeric character (EPDM) and an ethylene / (meth) acrylate copolymer.
- the composition can comprise up to 20% by weight, relative to the total weight of said composition, of a semi-crystalline polyolefin or of a mixture of polyolefins, having a flexural modulus, measured according to the ISO standard 178 at 50% RH, greater than 300 MPa, advantageously greater than 800 MPa.
- This impact modifier can be a functionalized polyolefin (B1).
- functionalized polyolefin (B1) is meant the following polymers.
- the functionalized polyolefin (B1) can be an alpha-olefin polymer having reactive units: the functionalities.
- Such reactive units are carboxylic acid, anhydride or epoxy functions.
- polyolefins of homopolymers or copolymers of alpha olefins or of diolefins, such as, for example, ethylene, propylene, butene-1, octene-1, butadiene, and more particularly:
- LDPE low density polyethylene
- HDPE high density polyethylene
- LLDPE linear low density polyethylene, or linear low density polyethylene
- VLDPE very low density polyethylene, or very low density polyethylene
- metallocene polyethylene metallocene polyethylene
- ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymers such as ethylene / propylene, EPR (abbreviation of ethylene-propylene-rubber) and ethylene / propylene / diene (EPDM), styrene / ethylene-butene / styrene (SEBS) block copolymers , styrene / butadiene / styrene (SBS), styrene / isoprene / styrene (SIS), styrene / ethylene-propylene / styrene (SEPS),
- polyolefins described above can be grafted, co-polymerized or ter polymerized by reactive units (the functionalities), such as the carboxylic acid, anhydride or epoxy functions.
- these polyolefins are grafted or co- or ter polymerized with unsaturated epoxides such as glycidyl (meth) acrylate, or with carboxylic acids or the corresponding salts or esters such as (meth) acrylic acid (it can be totally or partially neutralized by metals such as Zn, etc.) or else by carboxylic acid anhydrides such as maleic anhydride.
- the functionalized polyolefin (B1) can be chosen from the following (co) polymers, grafted with maleic anhydride or glycidyl methacrylate, in which the degree of grafting is for example from 0.01 to 5% by weight:
- ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymers such as ethylene / propylene, EPR (abbreviation of ethylene-propylene-rubber) and ethylene / propylene / diene (EPDM), styrene / ethylene-butene / styrene (SEBS) block copolymers , styrene / butadiene / styrene (SBS), styrene / isoprene / styrene (SIS), styrene / ethylene-propylene / styrene (SEPS),
- alkyl (meth) acrylate copolymers containing up to 40% by weight of alkyl (meth) acrylate,
- a functionalized polyolefin is for example a PE / EPR mixture, the weight ratio of which can vary widely, for example between 40/60 and 90/10, said mixture being co-grafted with an anhydride, in particular anhydride maleic, according to a degree of grafting, for example of 0.01 to 5% by weight.
- the functionalized polyolefin (B1) can also be chosen from ethylene / propylene copolymers predominantly in propylene grafted with maleic anhydride and then condensed with polyamide (or a polyamide oligomer) mono-amine (products described in EP-A -0342066).
- the functionalized polyolefin (B1) can also be a polymer co- or ter of at least the following units:
- anhydride such as maleic anhydride or (meth) acrylic acid or epoxy such as glycidyl (meth) acrylate.
- anhydride such as maleic anhydride or (meth) acrylic acid or epoxy such as glycidyl (meth) acrylate.
- functionalized polyolefins of the latter type mention may be made of the following copolymers, where ethylene preferably represents at least 60% by weight and where the termonomer (the function) represents for example 0, 1 to 12% by weight of the copolymer:
- (meth) acrylic acid can be salified with Zn or Li.
- alkyl (meth) acrylate denotes methacrylates and C1 alkyl acrylates to C8, and can be chosen from methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate and ethyl methacrylate.
- the aforementioned polyolefins (B1) can also be crosslinked by any suitable process or agent (diepoxy, diacid, peroxide, etc.); the term functionalized polyolefin also includes mixtures of the abovementioned polyolefins with a difunctional reagent such as diacid, dianhydride, diepoxy, etc. capable of reacting with these or mixtures of at least two functionalized polyolefins capable of reacting with each other.
- a difunctional reagent such as diacid, dianhydride, diepoxy, etc.
- copolymers mentioned above (B1) can be copolymerized in a random or block fashion and have a linear or branched structure.
- the molecular weight, the MFI index, the density of these polyolefins can also vary to a large extent, which those skilled in the art will appreciate.
- the MFI index, short for Melt Flow Index, is the melt flow index. It is measured according to the ASTM 1238 standard.
- the functionalized polyolefins (B1) are chosen from any polymer comprising alpha olefinic units and units bearing polar reactive functions such as epoxy, carboxylic acid or functions. carboxylic acid anhydride.
- carboxylic acid anhydride By way of examples of such polymers, mention may be made of the ter polymers of ethylene, of alkyl acrylate and of maleic anhydride or of glycidyl methacrylate, such as Lotader® from the Applicant or polyolefins grafted with l. maleic anhydride such as Orevac® from the Applicant, as well as terpolymers of ethylene, of alkyl acrylate and of (meth) acrylic acid.
- the functionalized polyolefins (B1) are:
- the functionalized polyolefin (B1) is present in a content of between 0 and 20% by weight, preferably between 1 and 10% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
- composition according to the invention can comprise at least one unfunctionalized polyolefin (B2).
- An unfunctionalized polyolefin (B2) is conventionally a homopolymer or copolymer of alpha olefins or diolefins, such as, for example, ethylene, propylene, butene-1, octene-1, butadiene.
- alpha olefins or diolefins such as, for example, ethylene, propylene, butene-1, octene-1, butadiene.
- LDPE low density polyethylene
- HDPE high density polyethylene
- LLDPE linear low density polyethylene, or linear low density polyethylene
- VLDPE very low density polyethylene, or very low density polyethylene
- metallocene polyethylene metallocene polyethylene
- copolymers mentioned above (B2) can be copolymerized in a random or sequenced manner and have a linear or branched structure.
- the non-functionalized polyolefins (B2) are chosen from homopolymers or copolymers of polypropylene and any homopolymer of ethylene or copolymer of ethylene and of a higher alpha olefinic type comonomer such as butene, hexene, octene or 4-methyl-1 -pentene. Mention may be made, for example, of PP (PolyPropylene), high density polyethylenes, medium density polyethylenes, linear low density polyethylenes, low density polyethylenes, very low density polyethylenes.
- PP PolyPropylene
- polyethylenes are known to those skilled in the art as being produced according to a radical process, according to a Ziegler type catalysis or, more recently, according to a so-called metallocene catalysis.
- copolymers of ethylene and vinyl acetate (EVA) such as those sold under the trade name EVATANE® by the Applicant.
- the MFI of (A) and the MFI of (B1) and (B2) can be chosen from a wide range, it is however recommended to facilitate the dispersion of (B1) and (B2) that the viscosities of (B1) and (B2) are close.
- the unfunctionalized polyolefin is present in a content of between 0 and 20% by weight, preferably between 1 and 10% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
- the impact modifier can also be a copolymer formed from polyamide blocks and polyether blocks, the polyamide blocks and the polyether blocks being linked by an ester function. These products are described in document FR 2 273 021 and sold under the trade name PEBAX® by the company ARKEMA.
- Copolycondensation polyamide blocks (abbreviated PA below) and polyether blocks (abbreviated PE below) result from the copolycondensation of polyamide blocks having reactive ends with polyether blocks having reactive ends.
- PA polyamide blocks having reactive ends
- PE polyether blocks having reactive ends
- the polyamide blocks having dicarboxylic chain ends originate, for example, from the condensation of polyamide precursors in the presence of a dicarboxylic acid chain regulator.
- the polyamide blocks having diamine chain ends originate, for example, from the condensation of polyamide precursors in the presence of a chain regulating diamine.
- the bond between the blocks is either an ester bond or an amide bond.
- the PA block and PE block polymers can comprise a single PA block and a single PE block.
- They can also comprise several PA blocks which are identical in terms of the structure of the constituent monomer (s) of the polyamide and identical PE, distributed randomly.
- Said polymers can be prepared by simultaneous reaction of the PE blocks and of the precursors of the PA blocks.
- a polymer is then obtained having PE blocks and PA blocks of very variable length depending on the moment during which the chain regulator intervenes during the formation of the PA block, but also the various reactants having reacted randomly which are distributed in a manner random (statistical) along the polymer chain.
- composition constituting the external envelope of the device according to the invention comprises from 0 to 30% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition of at less one impact modifier, preferably from 0.1 to 25%, and more preferably from 5 to 20%.
- composition constituting the outer shell of the device according to the invention can also comprise from 0 to 20% of additives.
- the additives present in the composition constituting the envelope are chosen from thermal stabilizers, plasticizers, lubricants, organic or inorganic pigments, UV stabilizers, antistatic agents, mineral fillers, and fillers.
- organic such as, for example, talc, calcium carbonate, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide and organic fillers.
- fillers mention may in particular be made of silica, titanium oxide or else glass beads.
- the thermal stabilizer can be chosen from a copper-based stabilizer, an organic stabilizer and their mixture.
- the copper-based stabilizer may consist of one or more constituents chosen from copper-based compounds such as cuprous chloride, cupric chloride, cuprous bromide, cupric bromide, cuprous iodide, cupric iodide, cuprous acetate and cupric acetate. Mention may be made of halides and acetates of other metals such as silver. These copper-based compounds are typically associated with alkali metal halides. A well known example is the mixture of Cul and K1, where the Cul: KI ratio is typically between 1: 5 to 1: 15. An example of such a stabilizer is Polyadd P201 from the company Ciba. Further details on copper-based stabilizers can be found in US Pat. No. 2,705,227.
- copper-based stabilizers such as complexed coppers such as Bruggolen H3336, H3337, H3373 from the company Brueggemann.
- the copper-based stabilizer is chosen from copper halides, copper acetate, copper halides or copper acetate mixed with at least one alkali metal halide, and their mixtures, preferably mixtures of copper iodide and potassium iodide (Cul / Kl).
- the organic stabilizer can be chosen, without this list being restrictive, from:
- antioxidants for example Irganox 245, Irganox 1010, Irganox 1098 from the company Ciba, Irganox MD1024 from the company Ciba, Lowinox 44B25 from the company Great Lakes,
- phosphorus-based stabilizers such as phosphites, for example Nrgafos 168 from the company Ciba,
- UV absorber such as Tinuvin 312 from Ciba
- a stabilizer of amine type such as Naugard 445 from the company Crompton, or else of hindered amine type such as Tinuvin 770 from the company Ciba,
- the amount of thermal stabilizer (s) within the composition is preferably between 0.05 and 5% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.
- the additives are present in the composition generally in a content of 0.1 to 15% by weight, preferably 1 to 15 by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
- the outer shell consists of a composition consisting of: - from 20 to 65% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition of reinforcing fibers, which do not exhibit thermal conduction properties,
- the outer shell consists of a composition comprising
- the outer shell consists of a composition comprising
- the outer shell consists of a composition consisting of - from 40 to 65% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition of reinforcing fibers, which do not exhibit thermal conduction properties,
- the internal envelope arranged opposite the battery and intended to be in contact with a heat transfer fluid consists of a composition comprising:
- the remainder being a matrix mainly comprising at least one polyamide chosen from semi-aromatic polyamides and polyamides consisting of units having an average number of carbon atoms per nitrogen atom ranging from 7 to 10, advantageously from 7.5 to 9.5.
- suitable polyamides for the inner shell can be homopolyamides or copolyamides.
- the lactams and the amino acids used to obtain homopolyamides must have an average number of carbon atoms per nitrogen atom of between 7 and 10.
- the lactams and the amino acids are C10.
- the monomers useful for obtaining the polyamide (s) present in the matrix of the composition constitute the internal envelope are chosen from the lists of polyamides of the external layer.
- the polyamide of the inner layer is chosen from PA610, PA410, PA412, PA612, PA1010, PA6T, PA6I, PA9T, PA10T, PA6T / 6I, PA6T / 10T, PA6T / 1010, PA10T / 1010, and their mixture.
- the polyamide constituting the matrix of the inner shell is chosen from PA 610, PA612, PA9T, PA10T, and PA 1010.
- the reinforcing fibers present in the composition constituting the inner shell are identical to those listed above for the outer shell.
- composition constituting the inner shell of the device according to the invention comprises 10 to 20% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition of at least one thermally conductive component, preferably 12 to 18%.
- thermally conductive components make it possible to give the polymer matrix, which receives them, thermal conductivity, or else to increase its thermal conductivity.
- the thermally conductive components may be chosen from carbon, carbon fibers, carbon black such as for example that sold by the company Imerys under the name Ensaco 250G, carbon nanotubes (denoted CNT) such as for example those sold by Arkema in the form of MB Graphistrength®, expanded graphite such as for example the Timrex®C-THERM TM range, and in particular the product of the trade name Timrex®C-THERM TM 001 sold by the company Imerys, the nitride of aluminum and boron nitride.
- the chosen reinforcing fibers exhibit thermal conduction properties, such as, for example, carbon fibers, CNTs, carbon nanofibers or graphenes.
- the composition may not comprise a thermally conductive component.
- the flame retardants present in the composition constituting the internal envelope are identical to those listed above for the external envelope.
- the impact modifiers present in the composition constituting the inner shell are identical to those listed above for the outer shell.
- the inner shell consists of a composition comprising:
- the inner shell consists of a composition comprising:
- the inner shell consists of a composition consisting of:
- the inner shell consists of a composition comprising:
- the inner shell consists of a composition comprising:
- the inner shell consists of a composition comprising:
- the inner shell consists of a composition consisting of:
- the internal envelope encapsulates all of the cells by complementarity of shape.
- the internal envelope and / or the external envelope may / may be coated internally and / or externally with a layer having a low permeability to water.
- a layer having a low permeability to water makes it possible to confer a barrier effect to humidity, that is to say to ensure the tightness of the battery vis-à-vis, depending on its location, the heat transfer fluid or the external environment of the device according to the invention.
- the term “internal” is understood to mean a layer placed opposite the passage of the heat transfer fluid.
- the layer (s) having a low permeability to water makes it possible / makes it possible to avoid, depending on its / their location, fluid leaks to the coil or to the outside of the cooling and / or heating device.
- this / these layer (s) can / can be made of EVOH, of polyolefins, such as polypropylene or of polyethylenes: HDPE, LDPE.
- the ratio of the thermal conductivity (l) of the inner shell to the thermal conductivity (l) of the outer shell is at least greater than 1.5, preferably ranging from 1.5 to 300. , more particularly from 2 to 100, and more preferably from 2 to 50.
- the thermal conductivity (l) of the outer casing is less than or equal to 10 W.nrr 1 .K 1 , preferably between 0.1 and 10 W.nrr 1.K 1 , more particularly between 0.3 and 1 W. nrr 1 . K 1 .
- the thermal conductivity measurements of materials are carried out using the HOT DISK technology as detailed in the ISO 22007-2 standard.
- the convection coefficient can also be used to qualify the heat transfer between an envelope and the fluid circulating in the device.
- the outer casing does not or little heat transfer between the fluid and the shell material.
- the material of the internal envelope is chosen so as to allow a maximum of heat transfer between the internal envelope close to or in contact with the battery and the fluid.
- the invention also relates to a process for preparing the composition as defined above.
- the composition can be prepared by any method, which makes it possible to obtain a homogeneous mixture containing the composition according to the invention, and optionally other additives, such as extrusion in the molten state, compaction, or even a roller mixer, while taking into account the size of the reinforcing fibers.
- thermoplastics industry such as extruders, such as twin-screw type extruders, and mixers, for example BUSS co-mixers.
- the battery device according to the invention can be produced by different techniques.
- the battery device according to the invention can be obtained by injection, extrusion, coextrusion, hot compression, multi-injection from at least one composition as defined above.
- the battery device according to the invention can be produced by various techniques chosen from: pultrusion, filament winding, thermocompression, infusion molding, resin transfer molding (RTM), structured molding by injection and reaction (S-RIM) or injection-compression molding.
- RTM resin transfer molding
- S-RIM structured molding by injection and reaction
- a particular closed-mold technique is RTM or S-RIM or injection-compression.
- the term "resin" in RTM is identified here with the composition according to the invention without the reinforcing fibers.
- the manufacturing process can comprise
- the present invention also relates to a cooling and / or heating circuit for an electric or hybrid motor vehicle battery, comprising a main circulation loop for a heat transfer fluid provided with means intended for the circulation of the heat transfer fluid. heat transfer fluid in the main loop.
- the main loop is connected to a reversible heat pump and to a cooling and / or heating device as described above.
- the heat transfer fluid is chosen from a gas, for example air, a liquid, for example glycol water, hydrocarbon compounds, hydrofluorocarbons, ethers, hydrofluoroethers, C02, NH3, SO2 and fluoroolefins.
- the refrigerant is chosen from among the compounds of hydrocarbons, hydrofluorocarbons, ethers, hydrofluoroethers, halocarbons, CO2, NH3, SO2 and fluoroolefin.
- the heat transfer fluid is a refrigerant selected from C02, haloalkanes, haloalkenes, fluoropropenes, fluoropropanes and fluoroethanes; preferably among the
- HFO-1234yf refers to
- HCFO-1233zd refers to 1 -chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene
- HCFO-1224yd refers to 1 -chloro-2, 3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene
- HFO-1336mzz refers to 1, 1, 1 , 4,4,4-hexafluorobut-2-ene.
- the heat transfer fluid is a refrigerant selected from 1, 3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (1234ze), 2, 3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf or 1234yf), difluoromethane (HFC-32); in particular the heat transfer fluid is 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (1234yf) and difluoromethane, alone or as a mixture.
- the heat transfer fluid can be a mixture of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf) and difluoromethane (HFC-32) in proportions ranging from 20 to 95% by weight of HFO- 1234yf based on the total weight of the mixture, the balance at 100% being HFC-32.
- the transfer fluid can be one of the following mixtures of HFO-1234yf / HFC-32 of 27.5 / 72.5; 35/65; 42.5 / 57.5; 45/55; 55/45; 57.5 / 42.5; 70/30; 78.5 / 21.5; 80/20 and 90/10 as a percentage by weight relative to the total weight of the mixture.
- the refrigerant contains a lubricant, preferably chosen from mineral oils, silicone oils, paraffins of natural origin, naphthenes, synthetic paraffins, alkylbenzenes, poly-alpha olefins, polyalkylenes. glycols, polyol esters and / or polyvinyl ethers; the lubricant being more particularly preferably a polyalkylene glycol or a polyol ester.
- a lubricant preferably chosen from mineral oils, silicone oils, paraffins of natural origin, naphthenes, synthetic paraffins, alkylbenzenes, poly-alpha olefins, polyalkylenes. glycols, polyol esters and / or polyvinyl ethers; the lubricant being more particularly preferably a polyalkylene glycol or a polyol ester.
- the circuit may comprise at least one secondary loop connected to the main loop, the secondary loop (s) being connected to the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle and / or to an electronic circuit connected to an electric motor of the motor vehicle and / or to an internal combustion engine of the motor vehicle, when the motor vehicle is of the hybrid type.
- the circuit can comprise a control device configured to control the heat transfer from the main loop to the at least one secondary loop as defined above.
- Figure 1 is a sectional view of a device for cooling and / or heating a battery for an electric or hybrid motor vehicle, the device comprising an inner casing and an outer casing.
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a portion of a device for cooling and / or heating a battery for an electric or hybrid motor vehicle, the device comprising internal and external envelopes, FIG. 2 illustrating a configuration of the outer shell alternative to the outer shell shown in Figure 1.
- Figures 1 and 2 illustrate two embodiments of a device for cooling and / or heating an electric or hybrid vehicle battery according to the invention.
- the cooling and / or heating device according to the invention 1 illustrated comprises two envelopes.
- An inner casing 2 is arranged opposite the battery 3.
- An outer casing 4 forms with the inner casing 2 a passage for the flow of the heat transfer fluid s.
- the device 1 is provided with an inlet 6 and an outlet 7 for the passage of the heat transfer fluid 5.
- a space 8 is arranged between the battery 3 and the internal casing 2.
- the battery 3 comprises a plurality of adjacent cell packs.
- the internal envelope 2 is inserted between two packs of adjacent cells.
- FIG. 2 schematically represents a portion of the battery 3 comprising three packs of identical cells 9, 10 and 11. Reference will be made to the adjacent packs 9 and 10 each comprising four walls, respectively 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d and 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d.
- the internal casing 2 is disposed in part facing the walls 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d of the pack 9 and the walls 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d of the pack 10.
- the internal casing 2 thus extends as close as possible to the cell packs of the battery 3 so as to conform to their shape, thus making it possible to improve the heat transfer between the battery 3 and the heat transfer fluid 5. for better energy recovery.
- the polyamide composition advantageously makes it possible to easily and quickly manufacture such a casing 2 adapted to the complex geometry of the battery 3.
- the internal and external envelopes can / can be coated with a layer having a low permeability to water.
- the layer (s) (not shown in the figures) can / can be internal (s) or external (s).
- At least one layer having a low permeability to water is placed in contact with the inner shell 2, internally, that is to say in contact with the heat transfer fluid 5.
- the function of the heat transfer fluid 5 is to transfer heat between two or more temperature sources.
- This fluid can be a gas, air or else a liquid.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a circuit according to a particular embodiment of the invention.
- the circuit 20 comprises a device according to the invention 21 encapsulating a battery, a regulator 22, a heat exchanger 23, a four-way valve 24, and a compressor 25.
- the heat exchanger 23 is of the air / fluid type. heat transfer, preferably refrigerant.
- the heat exchanger 23 is traversed by the refrigerant from circuit 20 and by the air flow supplied by a fan. Part or all of this same air flow, for example, can pass through a heat exchanger of the cooling circuit of a heat engine for a hybrid vehicle (not shown in the figure) or else of the passenger compartment.
- the direction of air circulation depends on the operating mode of circuit 20, the needs of the battery and the needs of the heat engine, for hybrid vehicles
- heat pump mode that is to say when the battery needs to be heated
- the direction of flow of the refrigerant is reversed via the valve 24
- the heat exchanger 23 acts as a condenser, while the device 21 acts as an evaporator.
- the heat exchanger 23 then makes it possible to heat the air flow intended for the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle.
- the cooling circuit exchangers can be activated using valves according to the needs of the heat engine (heating of the air entering the engine or recovery of energy produced by this engine).
- the vapor compression circuit may include different branches equipped with separate heat exchangers, the refrigerant circulating or not circulating in these branches, depending on the mode of operation.
- the vapor compression circuit may include means for changing the direction of circulation of the refrigerant, comprising for example one or more three-way or four-way valves.
- Figure 4 illustrates a circuit according to another embodiment of the invention.
- the circuit 30 includes two heat transfer fluid circulation loops 32 and 36, a loop 32 in which air circulates and a loop 36 in which a refrigerant circulates.
- the loop 32 comprises a device according to the invention 31 encapsulating a battery and a heat exchanger 33 of the air / fluid type.
- This loop 32 includes an air flow for heating or cooling the battery.
- a fan can be incorporated in this loop to circulate the air.
- the heat exchanger 33 is also part of the loop 36, which comprises a compressor 34, a heat exchanger 35 and a pressure reducer 37.
- the exchanger 35 can be connected to the passenger compartment of the vehicle or to the heat engine for the special case of a hybrid vehicle.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020217042109A KR20220012907A (ko) | 2019-05-29 | 2020-05-29 | 전기 차량 배터리를 냉각 및/또는 가열하기 위한 디바이스 |
US17/613,977 US20220223935A1 (en) | 2019-05-29 | 2020-05-29 | Device for cooling and/or heating an electric vehicle battery |
JP2021570147A JP2022534487A (ja) | 2019-05-29 | 2020-05-29 | 電気自動車バッテリーを冷却および/または加熱するためのデバイス |
EP20739758.9A EP3977554A1 (fr) | 2019-05-29 | 2020-05-29 | Dispositif de refroidissement et/ou de chauffage d'une batterie de véhicule électrique |
CN202080039305.7A CN113906103A (zh) | 2019-05-29 | 2020-05-29 | 用于冷却和/或加热电动车电池组的装置 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1905717A FR3096836A1 (fr) | 2019-05-29 | 2019-05-29 | Dispositif de refroidissement et/ou de chauffage d’une batterie de véhicule électrique |
FR1905717 | 2019-05-29 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2020240143A1 true WO2020240143A1 (fr) | 2020-12-03 |
Family
ID=68210928
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2020/050924 WO2020240143A1 (fr) | 2019-05-29 | 2020-05-29 | Dispositif de refroidissement et/ou de chauffage d'une batterie de véhicule électrique |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20220223935A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3977554A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2022534487A (fr) |
KR (1) | KR20220012907A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN113906103A (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3096836A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2020240143A1 (fr) |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2705227A (en) | 1954-03-15 | 1955-03-29 | Du Pont | Heat stabilization of polyamides |
FR2273021A1 (fr) | 1974-05-31 | 1975-12-26 | Ato Chimie | |
EP0342066A1 (fr) | 1988-03-24 | 1989-11-15 | Elf Atochem S.A. | Copolymère greffé à base d'alpha-mono-oléfine, son procédé de fabrication, son application à la fabrication d'alliages thermoplastiques, alliages thermoplastiques obtenus |
US20080274355A1 (en) | 2007-05-03 | 2008-11-06 | Ems-Patent Ag | Semiaromatic polyamide molding compositions and their use |
WO2019068599A1 (fr) * | 2017-10-02 | 2019-04-11 | Arkema France | Coffre a batterie |
WO2019101716A1 (fr) * | 2017-11-24 | 2019-05-31 | Arkema France | Dispositif de refroidissement et/ou chauffage d'une batterie de vehicule automobile electrique ou hybride |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10011452A1 (de) * | 2000-03-10 | 2001-09-13 | Bayer Ag | Hydrolyseresistente PA66-Formmassen für GIT |
DE102009047695A1 (de) * | 2009-12-09 | 2011-06-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Steuerbar wärmeisolierendes Gehäuse und Verfahren zur Steuerung hierfür |
KR20140097137A (ko) * | 2011-09-27 | 2014-08-06 | 로디아 오퍼레이션스 | 열전도도가 높은 폴리아미드 조성물 |
CN208862131U (zh) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-05-14 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | 一种无人测量平台的电池包热管理系统 |
-
2019
- 2019-05-29 FR FR1905717A patent/FR3096836A1/fr active Pending
-
2020
- 2020-05-29 CN CN202080039305.7A patent/CN113906103A/zh active Pending
- 2020-05-29 EP EP20739758.9A patent/EP3977554A1/fr active Pending
- 2020-05-29 KR KR1020217042109A patent/KR20220012907A/ko unknown
- 2020-05-29 JP JP2021570147A patent/JP2022534487A/ja active Pending
- 2020-05-29 WO PCT/FR2020/050924 patent/WO2020240143A1/fr unknown
- 2020-05-29 US US17/613,977 patent/US20220223935A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2705227A (en) | 1954-03-15 | 1955-03-29 | Du Pont | Heat stabilization of polyamides |
FR2273021A1 (fr) | 1974-05-31 | 1975-12-26 | Ato Chimie | |
EP0342066A1 (fr) | 1988-03-24 | 1989-11-15 | Elf Atochem S.A. | Copolymère greffé à base d'alpha-mono-oléfine, son procédé de fabrication, son application à la fabrication d'alliages thermoplastiques, alliages thermoplastiques obtenus |
US20080274355A1 (en) | 2007-05-03 | 2008-11-06 | Ems-Patent Ag | Semiaromatic polyamide molding compositions and their use |
WO2019068599A1 (fr) * | 2017-10-02 | 2019-04-11 | Arkema France | Coffre a batterie |
WO2019101716A1 (fr) * | 2017-11-24 | 2019-05-31 | Arkema France | Dispositif de refroidissement et/ou chauffage d'une batterie de vehicule automobile electrique ou hybride |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
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CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, Columbus, Ohio, US; abstract no. 225789-38-8 |
KIRK-OTHMER: "Encyclopaedia of Chemical Technology", 1992, article "Cycloaliphatic Amines", pages: 386 - 405 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2022534487A (ja) | 2022-08-01 |
KR20220012907A (ko) | 2022-02-04 |
EP3977554A1 (fr) | 2022-04-06 |
US20220223935A1 (en) | 2022-07-14 |
FR3096836A1 (fr) | 2020-12-04 |
CN113906103A (zh) | 2022-01-07 |
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