WO2020240133A1 - Copolyesteramide auto-ignifuge - Google Patents
Copolyesteramide auto-ignifuge Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020240133A1 WO2020240133A1 PCT/FR2020/050890 FR2020050890W WO2020240133A1 WO 2020240133 A1 WO2020240133 A1 WO 2020240133A1 FR 2020050890 W FR2020050890 W FR 2020050890W WO 2020240133 A1 WO2020240133 A1 WO 2020240133A1
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- copolyesteramide
- phosphorus
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- diol
- polyamide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G69/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G69/44—Polyester-amides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G69/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G69/42—Polyamides containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L77/12—Polyester-amides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K21/00—Fireproofing materials
- C09K21/14—Macromolecular materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G69/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G69/40—Polyamides containing oxygen in the form of ether groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
Definitions
- the invention relates to a thermoplastic elastomeric polyamide-based polymer (hereinafter TPE-A) flame-retardant without halogen, and more particularly to a copolymer comprising at least one polyamide monomer, its process for obtaining it by copolymerization, and its process.
- TPE-A thermoplastic elastomeric polyamide-based polymer
- a copolymer comprising at least one polyamide monomer, its process for obtaining it by copolymerization, and its process.
- use as a flame-retardant material in all types of objects for which resistance to fire is desired, for example in the fields of electricity, consumer electronics, and electrical engineering.
- copolymers targeted by the present invention are manufactured, in particular from polyamide monomers comprising at least 8 carbon atoms, preferably at least 10 carbon atoms; as opposed to monomers comprising less than 8 carbon atoms used for the so-called "convenience" polyamides, such as PA6 and PA66, the quantities (by volume) of which marketed are much greater and the costs much lower than those of technical polyamides or specialties.
- non-halogenated flame retardants are required to replace halogenated flame retardants which have the disadvantage of producing toxic and corrosive vapors if ignited.
- Patent documents WO 2010/047469, JP 2009 215347, WO 2006/121549, or else EP2571939 describe in particular TPE (thermoplastic elastomeric polymer) compositions which are both halogen-free flame retardant and have good mechanical properties.
- TPE thermoplastic elastomeric polymer
- the UL 94 test (Standard NF T 51-072) makes it possible to establish a classification of materials according to their fire behavior.
- the materials receive ratings ranging from V0, for a material with very good flame propagation resistance properties, to unclassified (NC), for materials with no fire resistance.
- the criteria for this classification are summarized in Table 1 of the examples below.
- TPE creeps in the flame and forms flaming drops from the first ignition and it is therefore impossible to carry out the second ignition according to the UL 94 test.
- This type of material which creeps (or flows) during the application of a flame cannot be used in the electrical, electrotechnical fields, nor a fortiori in electrical safety.
- anti-drip additives into the material, such as PTFE, talc, mineral nanofillers of the organophilic modified clay type, silicone agents.
- these anti-drip additives not only are these anti-drip additives not sufficient to pass from the V2 classification to the V1 or V0 classification of the UL 94 test, but in addition these additives have the drawback of stiffening and reducing the elongation at the break, therefore to modify the properties
- thermoplastic elastomers mechanical characteristics of thermoplastic elastomers.
- TPE-A Polyamide-based TPE structures
- the object of the present invention is therefore to provide thermoplastic polymers
- TPE-A flame-retardant polyamide-based elastomers
- the object of the present invention is in particular to provide thermoplastic polymer compositions, fulfilling at least the following 3 criteria:
- a subject of the present invention is therefore a self-flame-retardant copolyesteramide, characterized in that it is obtained by polycondensation of at least one polyamide monomer with at least one phosphorus diol.
- the phosphorus diol is advantageously chosen from: phosphine oxides, phosphinates, phosphonates, phosphates, phosphines, phosphites, phosphonites, phosphorites, phosphoranes, and / or their derivatives.
- the phosphorus diol is chosen from one of the compounds of the following formulas:
- R 1 represents a methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, isobutyl group, or a group
- R 4 represents a methyl, ethyl, propyl or butyl group
- R2 and R3 are identical or different, preferably identical, and represent a methylene, ethylene or propylene group, and
- x and y are the same or different, preferably identical, and each represents a number from 1 to 10.
- said phosphorus diol is chosen from oligomeric phosphonate diols of formula:
- R1 represents a methyl, ethyl or propyl group
- R2 and R3 are the same or different and represent a methylene, ethylene or propylene group
- x, y each represent a number from 1, 2 to 1, 9.
- R 1 represents a methyl group and x, y each represents a number from 1.5 to 1.7.
- the phosphorus diol is chosen from bis (hydroxyalkyl) phosphine oxides, such as isobutyl bis (hydroxymethyl) phosphine oxide, isobutyl bis ( hydroxyethyl) phosphine, or isobutyl bis (hydroxypropyl) phosphine oxide (IHPO) of the formula:
- the polyamide monomer is chosen from: 12, 1 1, 10.10, 6, 59, 510, 512, 513, 514, 516, 518, 536, 69, 610, 612, 613 , 614, 616, 618, 636, 109, 1010, 1012, 1013, 1014, 1016, 1018, 1036, 10T, 129, 1210, 1212, 1213, 1214, 1216, 1218, 1236, 9T, 10T, 11 T, 12T and their mixtures.
- the percentage by weight of atomic phosphorus in the copolymer is in the range from 0.1 to 10%, preferably from 0.2 to 5%, preferably between 0.5 and 3%, preferably between 0.5 and 2%, on the total weight of
- copolyesteramide representing 100%.
- the copolyesteramide according to the invention further comprises at least one other constituent monomer of polymer, in the form of another di-functional block of polymer terminated by alcohol or amine functions.
- said polymer is chosen from: polyether; polyester; polysiloxane, such as polydimethylsiloxane; polyolefin; polycarbonate; and their mixtures.
- said coopolyesteramide comprises a polyether diol, preferably chosen from poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG), poly (1, 2-propylene glycol) (PPG),
- polytetramethylene glycol PTMG
- polyhexamethylene glycol poly (1, 3-propylene glycol) (P03G)
- polyether diol preferably the polyether diol comprising PTMG.
- the percentage by weight of atomic phosphorus in the copolyesteramide is between 1 and 3%, of preferably between 1 and 2%, on the total weight of copolyesteramide representing 100%.
- a subject of the present invention is also a process for the synthesis of the copolyesteramide according to the invention, as defined above, comprising the polycondensation of at least one precursor polyamide monomer with at least one phosphorus-containing diol, and optionally at least one other block. difunctional polymer as defined above terminated with alcohol or amine functions.
- a subject of the present invention is also a non-halogenated flame-retardant composition, characterized in that it comprises at least one copolyesteramide according to the invention, diluted in a thermoplastic polymer matrix.
- said polymer matrix comprises at least one thermoplastic, homopolymer or copolymer polymer, chosen from: polyolefins, polyamides, fluoropolymers, saturated polyesters, polycarbonate, styrenic resins, PMMA, thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU), copolymers of ethylene and vinyl acetate (EVA), copolymers with polyamide blocks and polyether blocks, copolymers with polyester blocks and polyether blocks, copolymers with polyamide blocks, with polyether blocks and with polyester blocks, copolymers of ethylene and an alkyl (meth) acrylate, copolymers of ethylene and vinyl alcohol (EVOH), ABS, SAN, ASA, polyacetal, polyketones and mixtures thereof.
- said composition comprises from 1 to 99% by weight of said copolyesteramide according to the invention and from 1 to 99% by weight of said polymer matrix, on the total weight of the composition representing 100%.
- composition according to the invention does not contain a flame-retardant additive, the only flame-retardant effect being provided by the copolyesteramide itself.
- the composition of the invention further comprises at least one flame retardant additive, preferably in an amount of less than 10%, preferably less than 5%, added by physical mixing, preferably by compounding, and chosen from: hydrated fillers of the aluminum tri-hydroxide and / or magnesium di-hydroxide type, melamine derivatives, phosphorus-containing flame retardants, in particular chosen from metal salts of phosphinic acid, metal salts of diphosphinic acid, and mixtures thereof.
- at least one flame retardant additive preferably in an amount of less than 10%, preferably less than 5%, added by physical mixing, preferably by compounding, and chosen from: hydrated fillers of the aluminum tri-hydroxide and / or magnesium di-hydroxide type, melamine derivatives, phosphorus-containing flame retardants, in particular chosen from metal salts of phosphinic acid, metal salts of diphosphinic acid, and mixtures thereof.
- a subject of the present invention is also the use of a copolyesteramide or of a composition according to the invention, for the manufacture of electrical and / or electrotechnical objects, tubes, cables, electrical safety objects, etc. 'molded objects and / or objects obtained by 3D printing.
- a subject of the present invention is also an article obtained by injection, extrusion, coextrusion, hot compression, multi-injection, or by 3D printing, from at least one copolyesteramide or from a composition according to the invention.
- the percentages expressed are percentages by weight. Unless otherwise stated, the parameters referred to are measured at atmospheric pressure, and ambient temperature (20-25 ° C, generally 23 ° C).
- the polymer according to the invention is "self-flame-retardant", thanks to its phosphorus content internal to the polymer chain. It is a copolyesteramide derived from at least one polyamide monomer and at least one phosphorus diol which has reacted directly by polycondensation, and not obtained by compounding (physical mixture) of polyamide with any flame retardant additive.
- composition exhibits in addition to good flame retardant properties, good mechanical properties, for example, good ductility and good impact resilience.
- the phosphorus diol is advantageously chosen from phosphine oxides, phosphinates, phosphonates, phosphates, phosphines, phosphites, phosphonites, phosphorites, phosphoranes, and / or their derivatives.
- the phosphorus diol is chosen from one of the compounds of the following formulas:
- R 1 represents a methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, isobutyl group, or a group
- R represents a methyl, ethyl, propyl or butyl group
- R2 and R3 are the same or different and represent a methylene, ethylene or propylene group
- x and y are the same or different and each represents a number from 1 to 10.
- said phosphorus diol is chosen from oligomeric phosphonate diols of formula:
- R1 represents a methyl, ethyl or propyl group
- R2 and R3 are the same or different and represent a methylene, ethylene or propylene group and x, y each represent a number from 1, 2 to 1, 9.
- R 1 represents a methyl group and x a number of 1.5 to 1.7.
- the phosphorus diol is chosen from bis (hydroxyalkyl) phosphine oxides, such as isobutyl bis (hydroxymethyl) phosphine oxide, isobutyl bis ( hydroxyethyl) phosphine, or isobutyl bis (hydroxypropyl) phosphine oxide (IHPO) of the formula:
- Three types of polyamide monomers can advantageously be used.
- the polyamide monomers consist of:
- dicarboxylic acid X (aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic), chosen in particular from those having from 4 to 36 carbon atoms, preferably those having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms, and
- Y diamine aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic
- Y diamine chosen in particular from those having from 2 to 36 carbon atoms, preferably those having from 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
- aliphatic diacids mention may be made of butanedioic, adipic, suberic, azelaic, sebacic, dodecanedicarboxylic, myristic,
- tetradecanedicarboxylic hexadecanedicarboxylic, octadecanedicarboxylic and dimerized fatty acids.
- cycloaliphatic diacids mention may be made of 1,4-cyclohexyldicarboxylic acid.
- aromatic diacids we can mention terephthalic acids
- T isophthalic (I) and the sodium, potassium or lithium salt of 5-sulfo isophthalic acid.
- aliphatic diamines there may be mentioned tetramethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, 1, 10-decamethylenediamine, dodecamethylenediamine, trimethylhexamethylene diamine.
- cycloaliphatic diamines By way of example of cycloaliphatic diamines, mention may be made of the isomers of bis- (4- aminocyclohexyl) -methane (BACM or PACM), bis- (3-methyl-4-aminocyclohexyl) methane (BMACM or MACM), and 2 -2-bis- (3-methyl-4-aminocyclohexyl) -propane (BMACP), isophoronediamine (IPDA), 2,6-bis- (aminomethyl) -norbornane (BAMN) and piperazine (Pip).
- BAMN 2,6-bis- (aminomethyl) -norbornane
- Pip piperazine
- the copolyesteramide according to the invention comprises at least one XY type monomer chosen from: 59, 510, 512, 513, 514, 516, 518, 536, 69, 610, 612, 613, 614, 616, 618, 636 , 109, 1010, 1012, 1013, 1014, 1016, 1018, 1036, 10T, 129, 1210, 1212, 1213,
- the polyamide monomers comprise one or more alpha, omega-aminocarboxylic acids and / or one or more Z lactams having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, in the presence of a dicarboxylic acid having 4 to 36 carbon atoms.
- lactams examples include caprolactam, enantholactam and lauryllactam.
- alpha, omega-amino carboxylic acid mention may be made of aminocaproic, 7-amino-heptanoic, 11-amino-undecanoic and 12-amino-dodecanoic acids.
- the polyamide monomers of the second type consist of amino 1 1, 12 or 6
- the polyamide monomers consist of at least one monomer of the first type XY and at least one monomer of the second type Z.
- the polyamide monomers result from the condensation of minus one alpha omega aminocarboxylic acid (or a lactam), with at least one diamine and one dicarboxylic acid.
- the mixtures consist of:
- s chosen from lactams and alpha-omega-aminocarboxylic acids having Z carbon atoms; - in the presence of a chain limiter chosen from dicarboxylic acids or diamines or of an excess of diacid or diamine used as structural unit.
- the dicarboxylic acid having Y carbon atoms which is introduced in excess relative to the stoichiometry of the diamine (s), is used as chain limiter.
- the polyamide monomers comprise at least two different alpha omega-aminocarboxylic acids or at least two different lactams having 6 to 12 carbon atoms or a lactam and an aminocarboxylic acid not having the same number of carbon atoms. carbon in the possible presence of a chain limiter.
- Standard NF EN ISO 1874-1: 201 1 defines a nomenclature of polyamides.
- the term "monomer” in this description should be taken in the sense of "repeating unit”.
- the case where a repeating unit of the polyamide consists of the association of a diacid with a diamine is particular. It is considered that it is the association of a diamine and a diacid, that is to say the “diaminedacid” couple, also called “XY”, in an equimolar amount which corresponds to the monomer. This is because, individually, the diacid or diamine is only a structural unit, which is not sufficient on its own to polymerize.
- polyamides examples include those formed by mixtures of
- said at least one polyamide monomer is chosen from: 12, 1 1, 10.10, 6, 59, 510, 512, 513, 514, 516, 518, 536, 69, 610, 612, 613, 614, 616, 618, 636, 109, 1010, 1012, 1013, 1014, 1016, 1018, 1036, 10T,
- the copolyesteramide further comprises, in addition to the polyamide monomer and the phosphorus diol, at least one other oligomer, generally terminated by alcohol (diol), or optionally amine (diamine) functions. , preferably a polymer diol, and in particular in the form of a polymer diol block.
- the copolyesteramide of the invention then forms a thermoplastic elastomer based on polyamide (abbreviated TPE-A) and comprising a diol polymer. The latter generally forms a flexible or soft block in the copolyesteramide of the invention.
- Said block is said to be “flexible” because it has a low glass transition temperature (Tg).
- Tg glass transition temperature
- Tg glass transition temperature
- Tg glass transition temperature
- the molar mass in number Mn of the diol polymers, optionally in the form of flexible blocks, according to the invention is in the range going from 250 to 5000 g / mol, preferably from 250 to 3000 g / mol, and from more preferably 500 and 2000 g / mol.
- Said difunctional polymer, preferably diol, according to the invention is in particular chosen from polyether, polyester, polysiloxane, such as polydimethylsiloxane or PDMS, polyolefin, polycarbonate blocks, and mixtures thereof.
- polyether (hereinafter abbreviated as PE) is understood to mean polyoxyalkylenes, such as polyalkylene ether polyols, in particular polyalkylene ether diols.
- the PE blocks of the copolymer of the invention comprise at least one molecule chosen from poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG), poly (1, 2-propylene glycol) (PPG), polytetramethylene glycol (PTMG), polyhexamethylene glycol , poly (1, 3-propylene glycol) (P03G), poly (3-alkyl tetrahydrofuran) in particular poly (3-methyltetrahydrofuran (poly (3MeTHF)), and mixtures thereof.
- PEG poly (ethylene glycol)
- PPG poly (1, 2-propylene glycol)
- PTMG polytetramethylene glycol
- P03G polyhexamethylene glycol
- poly (3-alkyl tetrahydrofuran) in particular
- the polyethers can also comprise PE obtained by oxyethylation of bisphenols, such as for example bisphenol-A. These latter products are described in patent EP 613 919.
- Polyethers can also include ethoxylated primary amines.
- ethoxylated primary amines mention may be made of the products of formula:
- the chain ends of the PE blocks can be diOH, diNH2, diisocyanate or diacid depending on their method of synthesis.
- the PEs used are advantageously diOH.
- the PE in the copolyesteramide according to the invention is a soft block (BM) containing tetramethylene glycol units.
- the BM block is a PTMG block.
- polyether block which is a copolymer in which the majority monomer is ethylene oxide.
- the ethylene oxide preferably represents more than 50% by weight on the total weight of the copolymer.
- polyester within the meaning of the invention is meant the polyesters usually produced by polycondensation between a dicarboxylic acid and a diol.
- Suitable carboxylic acids include those mentioned above used to form the polyamide blocks with the exception of aromatic acids, such as acid
- Suitable diols include linear aliphatic diols such as ethylene glycol, 1, 3-propylene glycol, 1, 4-butylene glycol, 1, 6-hexylene glycol, branched diols such as neopentyl glycol, 3- methylpentane glycol, 1, 2-propylene glycol, and cyclic diols such as 1, 4-bis (hydroxymethyl) cyclohexane and 1, 4-cyclohexane-dimethanol.
- linear aliphatic diols such as ethylene glycol, 1, 3-propylene glycol, 1, 4-butylene glycol, 1, 6-hexylene glycol, branched diols such as neopentyl glycol, 3- methylpentane glycol, 1, 2-propylene glycol, and cyclic diols such as 1, 4-bis (hydroxymethyl) cyclohexane and 1, 4-cyclohexane-dimethanol.
- polyester also means poly (caprolactone) and PESs based on fatty acid dimers, in particular the products of the PRIPLAST® range from the company Croda.
- PES of the alternate, statistical or block "copolyester” type containing a sequence of at least two types of PES mentioned above.
- polysiloxane within the meaning of the invention, is meant any organized polymer or oligomer with linear or cyclic, branched or crosslinked structure obtained by polymerization of functionalized silanes and consisting essentially of a repetition of main units in which silicon atoms are linked together by oxygen atoms (siloxane Si-O-Si bond), optionally substituted hydrocarbon radicals being directly linked via a carbon atom to said silicon atoms.
- hydrocarbon radicals are alkyl radicals, in particular C1 -C10 and in particular methyl radicals, fluoroalkyl radicals, aryl radicals and in particular phenyl, and alkenyl radicals and in particular vinyl; other types of radicals capable of being linked either directly or through the intermediary of a hydrocarbon radical, to the siloxane chain are in particular hydrogen, halogens and in particular chlorine, bromine or fluorine, thiols, alkoxy radicals, polyoxyalkylene (or polyethers) radicals and in particular polyoxyethylene and / or polyoxypropylene, hydroxyl or hydroxyalkyl radicals, substituted or unsubstituted amine groups, amide groups, acyloxy or acyloxyalkyl radicals, hydroxyalkylamino or amino radicals , quaternary ammonium groups, amphoteric groups or betaine, anionic groups such as carboxylates, thioglycolates, sulphosuccin,
- the polysiloxane comprises polydimethylsiloxane (hereinafter abbreviated PDMS blocks), polymethylphenylsiloxane, and / or polyvinylsiloxane.
- PDMS blocks polydimethylsiloxane
- polymethylphenylsiloxane polymethylphenylsiloxane
- polyvinylsiloxane polyvinylsiloxane
- polyolefin within the meaning of the invention is meant any polymer comprising as monomer an alpha-olefin, that is to say the homopolymers of an olefin or the copolymers of at least one. alpha-olefin and at least one other copolymerizable monomer, the alpha-olefin advantageously having from 2 to 30 carbon atoms.
- alpha-olefin By way of example of an alpha-olefin, mention may be made of ethylene, propylene, 1 -butene, 1 -pentene, 3-methyl-1 -butene, 1 -hexene, 4-methyl-1 -pentene, 3 -methyl-1 -pentene, 1 -octene, 1 -decene, 1 -dodecene, 1 -tetradecene, 1 -hexadecene, 1 -octadecene, 1 -eicocene, 1 -dococene, 1 - tetracocene, 1 -hexacocene, 1 -octacocene , and 1 -triacontene. These alpha-olefins can be used singly or as a mixture of two or more.
- LDPE low density polyethylene
- HDPE high density polyethylene
- LLDPE linear low density polyethylene
- VLDPE very low density polyethylene
- APAO essentially amorphous or attactic polyalphaolefins
- ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymers such as ethylene / propylene, EPR (ethylene-propylene-rubber) and EPDM (ethylene-propylene-diene) elastomers, and mixtures of polyethylene with an EPR or an EPDM,
- SEBS ethylene-butene / styrene
- SBS butadiene / styrene
- SIS styrene / isoprene / styrene
- SEPS styrene / ethylene-propylene / styrene
- unsaturated carboxylic acids such as, for example, alkyl (meth) acrylates, the alkyl possibly having up to 24 carbon atoms, vinyl esters of saturated carboxylic acids such as, for example, vinyl acetate or propionate, and dienes such as, for example, 1, 4-hexadiene or polybutadiene.
- the polyolefin comprises polyisobutylene and / or polybutadiene.
- the copolyesteramide according to the invention comprises at least one flexible polyolefin block (PO block) and at least one hydrophilic hard block (hereinafter abbreviated BDh) comprising both polyamide and polyether, such as a polyetheramide block, a polyetheresteramide block, and / or a polyetheramideimide block, etc ...
- PO block flexible polyolefin block
- BDh hydrophilic hard block
- Said PO block preferably comprises a polyolefin comprising terminal acid groups, alcohols or amines, preferably terminal alcohol groups (diol).
- PC block polycarbonate within the meaning of the invention, is meant more particularly any aliphatic polycarbonate.
- Aliphatic polycarbonates are described, for example, in documents DE2546534 and JP1009225. Such homopolymeric or copolymeric polycarbonates are also described in document US Pat. No. 471,203.
- Applications WO92 / 22600 and WO95 / 12629 describe copolymers comprising polycarbonate blocks as well as their synthesis processes. The blocks (and their synthesis) described in these documents are perfectly possible for the synthesis of a
- PC block copolyesteramide according to the invention Preferably, the polycarbonate blocks of the copolyesteramide according to the invention have the formula:
- R1 and R2 which may be identical or different, represent a straight or branched, aliphatic or alicyclic chain having from 2 to 18 carbon atoms, or else represent a polyoxyalkylene group or else represent a polyester group.
- R1 and R2 are chosen from hexylene, decylene, dodecylene, 1, 4-cyclohexylene, 2,2-dimethyl1, 3-propylene, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-hexylene or polyoxyethylene groups are preferred.
- copolyesteramides comprise at least one polyamide (optionally in the form of a rigid polyamide block), at least one phosphorus-containing diol and optionally at least one other polymer (in particular in the form of a flexible block), it is obvious that the present invention in fact covers all the copolyesteramides comprising two, three, four (or even more) different blocks chosen from those described in the present description, as soon as at least one of these blocks is a polyamide block, and that it has reacted with a diol phosphorus to form an ester bond.
- a copolyesteramide within the meaning of the invention is a polymer comprising at least one precursor polyamide monomer and a phosphorus diol.
- the percentage by weight of atomic phosphorus in the copolymer is in the range from 0.1 to 10%, preferably from 0.2 to 5%, preferably between 0.5 and 3%, preferably between 0.5 and 2%, on the total weight of copolyesteramide representing 100%, which optimizes the results of the UL94 test obtained for the self-flame-retardant copolyesteramide according to the invention.
- the copolyesteramide according to the invention can further comprise another polymer (such as PE).
- another polymer such as PE
- the percentage by weight of atomic phosphorus in the copolyesteramide is between 1 and 3%, preferably between 1 and 2%, on the total weight of copolyesteramide representing 100%. The best results are thus obtained in the UL94 test for the self-flame-retardant copolyesteramide according to the invention.
- a subject of the present invention is also a process for the synthesis of the copolyesteramide according to the invention, as defined above, comprising the polycondensation of at least one polyamide monomer with at least one phosphorus diol, and optionally at least one other polymer block. difunctional as defined above terminated by alcohol or amine functions.
- the method for synthesizing a copolyesteramide according to the invention uses any means making it possible to copolymerize the polyamide monomers with the phosphorus-containing diol, and optionally with said soft blocks.
- Several means can be considered: in solution, in bulk or via an inter-facial technique, or even by combining several of these methods, as described in chapter 9 of the Handbook of Condensation Thermoplastic Elastomers (Edited by Stoyko Fakirox, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim , 2005).
- Copolyesteramides result from the polycondensation of polyamide monomers with phosphorus diols and with soft BM blocks of polymer (eg polyether) with alcohol chain ends.
- the process for the copolymerization of polyamide monomers with BMs and phosphorus diols is carried out either in two main steps or in a single main step.
- the term “catalyst” is understood to mean any product which makes it possible to accelerate the formation of ester bonds.
- the esterification catalyst is advantageously a derivative of a metal selected from the group formed by titanium, zirconium and hafnium or a strong acid such as phosphoric acid or boric acid.
- the catalysts described in US Patents 4,331,786, US 4,115,475, US 4,195,015, US 4,839,441, US 4,864,014, US 4,230,838 and US 4,332,920, WO 04 037898, EP can be used. 1262527, EP 127021 1, EP 1 136512, EP 1046675, EP 1057870, EP 1 155065, EP 506495 and EP 504058.
- the method of the invention comprises two main steps.
- a first step (I) only the polyamide monomers polymerize, and in a second step (II), said at least the AP is reacted with at least one diol phosphorus and optionally also with a polymer diol (BM block), preferably in the presence of a catalyst and under reduced pressure.
- BM block polymer diol
- step (I) can comprise any means known to those skilled in the art for manufacturing polyamide (blocks), for example by polycondensation reaction between polyamide precursors and a dicarboxylic acid or a diamine as chain regulator.
- step I is divided into several sub-steps:
- a reactor eg an autoclave
- a mixture comprising at least one PA precursor and at least one chain regulator, such as a diacid.
- Said chain regulator is preferably selected from adipic acid, sebacic acid, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, and mixtures thereof;
- Water can optionally be added to the mixture to improve thermal conduction and / or to achieve sufficient pressure, in particular to open the cycles, of lactam 12 for example.
- (I-3) hot isothermal phase during which the temperature of the mixture is kept constant, in the range from 180 to 350 ° C, preferably from 200 to 300 ° C, preferably from 230 to 290 ° C, for a time sufficient to bring all the materials introduced in 1-1 to a fluid state, that is to say of sufficiently low viscosity to have a homogeneous mixture;
- the time of the hot isothermal phase is generally comprised in the range going from 15 minutes to 5 hours, preferably from 30 minutes to 4 hours, preferably from 30 minutes to 3 hours.
- the pressure in the reactor is established, for example, between 1 and 40 bar.
- the pressure does not exceed 30 bar, but this maximum pressure depends in fact on the reactor and on the way in which it has been constructed.
- phase of water removal by expansion (decrease in pressure) of said mixture during which the mixture returns to atmospheric pressure and / or by distillation.
- This is water optionally added during phase 1-1, I-2, and / or 1-3 or water formed during these phases; then
- the sweep time can be in the range from a few minutes to a few hours, preferably 5 minutes to 5 hours, preferably 30 minutes to 3 hours, preferably 1 hour to 2 hours.
- Step I can further comprise one or more of the following sub-steps: (1-6) optional step of maintaining under reduced pressure, for example less than 500 mbar, preferably less than 100 mbar, to increase the yield of the polymerization if necessary.
- All the raw materials necessary for the constitution of the AP can be loaded into the reactor at the start in the order that a person skilled in the art deems adequate, as is the case for example during step 1-1 of process described above by way of example, but it is of course possible to envisage the introduction of one or more raw material (s) during any sub-step 1-1 to I-7 .
- the temperature for this main stage I is in the range from 180 to 350 ° C, preferably from 200 to 300 ° C, or better still from 30 to 290 ° C.
- Said AP can be extruded for later use, stored in the reactor or transferred to another reactor, to perform step II described below.
- Step (II) comprises the following sub-step (s):
- step I (11-1) bringing together, in a reactor, at least part of the quantity of at least one phosphorus diol, and optionally of at least one soft block BM with the APs formed in step I, and adjusting the temperature of the resulting mixture if necessary, so that its temperature is in the range of 180 to 350 ° C, preferably 200 to 300 ° C, preferably 200 to 260 ° C;
- (II-2) optional step of flushing nitrogen (or another inert gas) and / or under slightly reduced pressure, for example less than 500 mbar, preferably less than 100 mbar, so as to eliminate the water which forms in the reactor during the copolymerization;
- (II-3) optional step of introducing the remaining part of said at least one BM block, if applicable.
- the temperature and duration of each step can be easily adjusted by one skilled in the art to optimize polycondensation reactivity while minimizing side reactions.
- the temperature for this main stage II is also included in the range going from 180 to 350 ° C, preferably from 200 to 300 ° C, or better from 200 to 260 ° C.
- the method according to the invention comprises a single main step characterized in that said at least one phosphorus diol, and
- the method of the invention comprises a final step III of finalization and recovery of a
- This step III comprises at least two sub-steps:
- the reactor is placed under reduced pressure, under a high vacuum, until the desired viscosity is reached, that is to say the desired molar mass for the copolymer.
- desired molar mass is understood to mean a range of molar mass by number ranging from 5000 to 100,000 g / mol, preferably ranging from 15,000 to 50,000 g / mol, preferably ranging from 10,000 g / mol to 40,000 g / mol.
- the pressure during this substep is preferably less than 100 mbar, preferably less than 50 mbar, preferably less than 10 mbar, more preferably less than 1 mbar.
- the increase in the molar mass of the copolymer, and therefore in the viscosity of the medium is for example determined by measuring the change in the value of the torque exerted by the molten polymer on the stirrer or by measuring the power power consumed by the agitator, for a given agitation speed.
- (III-3) optional step of steaming the granules to reduce the residual moisture content below 0.1% by weight.
- the stirring speed of each step is optimized depending on the rheology of the medium and the nature of the stirrer.
- the placing under reduced pressure can be done gradually or in successive stages.
- the maximum vacuum pressure level depends on the nature of the species present, their hydrophilic or hydrophobic nature and their reactivity.
- a catalyst can be added in one of steps I and / or II, preferably in one of substeps II, for a hydrolysis-sensitive catalyst.
- a subject of the present invention is also a non-halogenated flame-retardant composition characterized in that it comprises at least one copolyesteramide according to the invention, diluted in a thermoplastic polymer matrix.
- said polymer matrix comprises at least one thermoplastic, homopolymer or copolymer polymer, chosen from: polyolefins, polyamides, fluoropolymers, saturated polyesters, polycarbonate, styrenic resins, PMMA, thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU), copolymers of ethylene and vinyl acetate (EVA), copolymers with polyamide blocks and polyether blocks, copolymers with polyester blocks and polyether blocks, copolymers with polyamide blocks, with polyether blocks and with polyester blocks, copolymers of ethylene and an alkyl (meth) acrylate, copolymers of ethylene and alcohol vinyl (EVOH), ABS, SAN, ASA, polyacetal, polyketones and mixtures thereof.
- said composition comprises from 1 to 99% by weight of said copolyesteramide according to the invention and from 1 to 99% by weight of said polymer matrix, on the total weight of the composition representing 100%.
- composition according to the invention does not contain a flame-retardant additive, the only flame-retardant effect being provided by the copolyesteramide itself.
- the composition of the invention further comprises at least one flame retardant additive, preferably in an amount of less than 10%, preferably less than 5%, added by physical mixing, preferably by compounding, and chosen from: hydrated fillers of the aluminum tri-hydroxide and / or magnesium di-hydroxide type, melamine derivatives, phosphorus-containing flame retardants, in particular chosen from metal salts of phosphinic acid, metal salts of diphosphinic acid, and mixtures thereof.
- at least one flame retardant additive preferably in an amount of less than 10%, preferably less than 5%, added by physical mixing, preferably by compounding, and chosen from: hydrated fillers of the aluminum tri-hydroxide and / or magnesium di-hydroxide type, melamine derivatives, phosphorus-containing flame retardants, in particular chosen from metal salts of phosphinic acid, metal salts of diphosphinic acid, and mixtures thereof.
- a subject of the present invention is also the use of a copolyesteramide or of a composition according to the invention, for the manufacture of electrical and / or electrotechnical objects, tubes, cables, electrical safety objects, etc. 'molded objects and / or objects obtained by 3D printing.
- a subject of the present invention is also an article obtained by injection, extrusion, coextrusion, hot compression, multi-injection, or by 3D printing, from at least one copolyesteramide or from a composition according to the invention.
- RF2 oligomeric phosphonate polyol (OP560) of the formula:
- A1 1 is 1 1 -aminoundecanoic acid for the manufacture of a prepolymer of Mn: 1000 g / mol.
- DC6 is adipic acid used as a chain limiter For tests with flexible block:
- PTMG 1000 polytetramethylene glycol (Mn: 1000 g / mol)
- polytetramethylene glycol (optional) and the phosphorus compound are introduced in the proportions described in Table 2.
- the mixture is inerted by flushing with nitrogen, and heated to a material temperature of 235 ° C with stirring.
- the polymerization takes place under nitrogen purging, an increase in the stirring torque is observed.
- a catalyst zirconium butoxide type
- NC means not classified, for a material having no fire resistance.
- the viscosity in solution is measured in metacresol according to the ISO307 standard
- the polymer according to the invention allows savings in terms of manufacturing costs of the flame retardant material, since a smaller amount of flame retardant additives is used, or even no flame retardant additive, which eliminates the step of compounding the polymer with a such additive.
- test pieces (80mm x 10mm x 4mm) were injection molded on an Xplore IM 12 press associated with the Xplore MC 15 twin-screw micro-extruder.
- the self-flame-retardant copolyesteramide of Example 3 according to the invention using the phosphorus-containing monomer RF2 and of which the percentage by weight of atomic phosphorus in the copolymer over the total weight of copolyesteramide is 0.79%, is more resilient in the test. shock than the non-flame retardant CP3 copolyesteramide and gives the best results in the UL94 test.
- the products were melted and homogenized on an Xplore Micro 5C micro-extruder and shaped on the associated micro-injector.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Polyamides (AREA)
- Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
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JP2021570403A JP2022534932A (ja) | 2019-05-27 | 2020-05-27 | 自己難燃性コポリエステルアミド |
US17/614,017 US20220220257A1 (en) | 2019-05-27 | 2020-05-27 | Self-flame-retardant copolyesteramide |
KR1020217042179A KR20220013491A (ko) | 2019-05-27 | 2020-05-27 | 자체-지연성 코폴리에스테르아미드 |
CN202080047173.2A CN114008109A (zh) | 2019-05-27 | 2020-05-27 | 自阻燃的共聚酯酰胺 |
EP20743188.3A EP3976689A1 (fr) | 2019-05-27 | 2020-05-27 | Copolyesteramide auto-ignifuge |
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FR1905595A FR3096683B1 (fr) | 2019-05-27 | 2019-05-27 | copolyesteramide auto-ignifugé |
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WO2024081448A1 (fr) * | 2022-10-14 | 2024-04-18 | Aoc, Llc | Compositions thermodurcissables ignifuges entièrement liquides, non remplies et exemptes d'halogene |
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- 2020-05-27 KR KR1020217042179A patent/KR20220013491A/ko active Search and Examination
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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FR3096683A1 (fr) | 2020-12-04 |
EP3976689A1 (fr) | 2022-04-06 |
FR3096683B1 (fr) | 2022-03-04 |
CN114008109A (zh) | 2022-02-01 |
JP2022534932A (ja) | 2022-08-04 |
KR20220013491A (ko) | 2022-02-04 |
US20220220257A1 (en) | 2022-07-14 |
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