WO2020239047A1 - Detection brake pad, and brake clamp unit fault detection device and detection method - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided are a detection brake pad (1), and a brake clamp unit fault detection device and detection method. The detection brake pad (1) is used for fault detection of a vehicle brake device, and the detection brake pad (1) comprises a brake pad body (100), a support chamber (200), a moving member (300), an elastic force transmission medium (600) and an extension member (400), wherein the brake pad body (100) has a second mounting portion (110) and a displacement detection mounting portion (120), the support chamber (200) is provided with an access port (210), the moving member (300) is sleeved with the support chamber (200), the elastic force transmission medium (600) is located between the moving member (300) and the brake pad body (100), the extension member (400) is fixedly connected to the moving member (300), the extension member (400) corresponds to the access port (210), and the extension member (400) corresponds to the displacement detection mounting portion (120). According to the brake clamp unit fault detection device and detection method, a brake clamp unit can still be accurately tested without removing the brake clamp unit.

Description

Device and method for detecting brake pads and brake caliper unit failure

This application requires the priority of the Chinese patent application submitted to the Chinese Patent Office on May 29, 2019, with the application number 201910456829.5, and the application titled "Detection of brake pads, brake caliper unit failure detection device and detection method", and its entire content Incorporated in this application by reference.

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle brake fault detection, and in particular relates to a fault detection device and a detection method for detecting brake pads and brake caliper units.

Background technique

The brake caliper unit, the brake disc and the brake pads together constitute the basic braking device of the rolling stock. During the operation of rolling stock, keeping the gap between the brake pads and the brake discs stable is a necessary condition to ensure the reliable braking performance of the rolling stock and the normal wear of the brake discs and brake pads. The brake sensitivity of the unit, the amount of adjustment once, and the relief clearance are important indicators to determine the stability of the gap between the brake pads and the brake disc. Therefore, before the brake caliper unit is installed, it runs to a certain mileage. And when a brake failure occurs, the above performance parameters need to be tested to assess whether the brake caliper unit meets the requirements for use.

The United States invention US6357291B1 discloses a brake deviation measuring device, which includes a load measuring mechanism for testing the load applied by the brake caliper piston to the brake disc for measuring brake deviation. When the wheels are braking, in order to enhance the stability and control of the vehicle, the brake system brakes forward. The brake deviation measuring device can be used to measure the deviation between the braking force distributed by the brake system on different wheels through the brake line , But does not involve the measurement of brake clearance.

Existing accurate measurement of performance parameters such as the braking sensitivity, one-time adjustment amount, and relief clearance of the brake caliper unit are all done on the test bench, that is, the brake caliper unit is used to a certain After the mileage needs to be repaired and when a brake failure occurs, the brake caliper unit needs to be separated from the frame and placed in the test bed, so that the brake caliper unit is in an independent state, and the brake caliper unit is measured by the test bed. Performance parameters such as braking sensitivity, primary adjustment amount, clearance relief and other performance parameters of the movable caliper unit. Among them, the test bench provides the necessary testing environment that simulates the real working conditions for the fault detection of the brake caliper unit, and is necessary for testing performance parameters Of testing equipment. When performing fault detection on the brake caliper unit, it is necessary to separate the brake caliper unit from the frame and perform fault detection in the test bench. Therefore, there is a certain difference between the detection environment and the actual application environment of the brake caliper unit. Gap, resulting in low accuracy of the test results.

Summary of the invention

The present application provides a detection brake pad for fault detection of a vehicle braking device, and the detection brake pad includes:

A brake shoe body, the brake shoe body having: a second mounting part, and a displacement detecting mounting part for setting or connecting a displacement detecting element;

A support chamber, the support chamber is formed in the brake disc body, and the support chamber has:

Entrance and exit, the entrance and exit and the second mounting part are respectively located on both sides of the brake disc body;

A moving part, the moving part is sleeved in the supporting chamber;

An elastic force transmitting medium, the elastic force transmitting medium is located between the moving part and the brake disc body;

An extension piece, the extension piece is fixedly connected with the moving piece, the extension piece is arranged corresponding to the inlet and outlet, and the extension piece is arranged corresponding to the displacement detection mounting part;

Wherein, when the moving part overcomes the elastic support force transmitted by the elastic force transmission medium, the moving part drives the extension part to move toward the inside of the support chamber, and the displacement detection mounting portion can detect all the parts. The movement displacement of the protrusion.

Preferably, there are a plurality of said support chambers, a plurality of said support chambers are distributed at intervals, there are a plurality of said moving parts, and the plurality of said moving parts are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of said support chambers, so There are a plurality of the protruding members, and the plurality of protruding members are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of moving members.

Preferably, the elastic force transmission medium is a fluid or an elastic element.

Preferably, the brake disc body further has:

A load detection installation part, the load detection installation part and the second installation part are respectively located on both sides of the brake pad body;

The detection brake disc further includes:

The load detection sensor is fixed on the load detection mounting part.

Preferably, there are a plurality of the load detection mounting parts, the plurality of the load detection mounting parts are distributed at intervals, the load detection sensor is a plurality, and the plurality of load detection sensors and the plurality of load detection mounting parts are one One corresponding setting.

Preferably, there is at least one load detection mounting part that is a first load detection mounting part, at least one load detection mounting part is a second load detection mounting part, and at least one load detection mounting part is a third load The detection mounting part, wherein the first load detection mounting part and the second load detection mounting part are respectively located at two ends of the brake pad body, and the third load detection mounting part is located at the first load detection mounting Between the second load detection installation part and the second load detection installation part, the first load detection installation part, the second load detection installation part and the third load detection installation part are distributed in a triangle.

The present application also provides a brake caliper unit failure detection device. The brake caliper unit includes a brake pad holder, and the brake caliper unit failure detection device includes:

In the aforementioned detection brake disc, the second installation part is fixedly connected with the first installation part formed by the brake disc holder;

A displacement detection element, the displacement detection element is connected to the displacement detection mounting part, and the displacement detection element is arranged corresponding to the extension piece; and

A signal receiving unit, the signal receiving unit is in communication connection with the displacement detecting element.

Preferably, the brake caliper unit further includes a brake cylinder, the brake cylinder is connected to the brake pad holder, the brake cylinder has an air inlet, and the brake caliper unit failure detection device further includes:

A brake control mechanism, the brake control mechanism is connected to a brake cylinder, and the brake control mechanism includes:

Wind source interface;

A relay valve, the relay valve having an inlet end, a control end and an outlet end, and the inlet end is connected to the air source interface;

An air pressure control unit, which is connected to the control terminal;

The brake cylinder interface is connected to the air outlet, and the brake cylinder interface is connected to the air inlet of the brake cylinder.

Preferably, the brake control mechanism is fixedly connected to the signal receiving unit, and the signal receiving unit is communicatively connected to the brake control mechanism.

The present application also provides a method for detecting a failure of a brake caliper unit, using the aforementioned device for detecting a failure of the brake caliper unit, and the method for detecting a failure of the brake caliper unit includes the following steps:

Fixing the second mounting portion of the detection brake pad and the first mounting portion composed of the brake pad holder, and at the same time contacting the extension piece with the brake disc, at this time, record this state as the initial state;

In the initial state, is applied to the brake caliper units desired braking pressure, referred to the pressure of the air pressure is P _A, this time, this state is referred to a first state;

In the first state, the movement displacement of the protrusion is detected from the displacement detection mounting part to obtain the movement displacement of the protrusion, which is recorded as h ₁ , and h _{1 is} the brake caliper The single-side braking sensitivity of the unit, set the braking sensitivity of the brake caliper unit as a, then: a=2h ₁ .

A method for detecting a failure of a brake caliper unit applies the aforementioned device for detecting a failure of the brake caliper unit, and the method for detecting a failure of the brake caliper unit includes the following steps:

Fixing the second mounting portion of the detection brake pad and the first mounting portion composed of the brake pad holder, and at the same time contacting the extension piece with the brake disc, at this time, record this state as the initial state;

In the initial state, apply the air pressure required for braking to the brake caliper unit, record the pressure of the air pressure as P _B , at this time, record this state as the second state;

In the second state, the movement displacement of the protrusion is detected from the displacement detection mounting portion to obtain the movement displacement of the protrusion, which is denoted as h ₂ ;

In the second state, the air pressure with a pressure of P _B is evacuated, and the movement displacement of the extension piece is detected from the displacement detection mounting part to obtain the movement displacement of the extension piece, denoted as h ₃ , h _{3 is} the one-time adjustment amount of the brake caliper unit, set the one-time adjustment amount of the brake caliper unit as b, then:

b=2h ₃ .

Preferably, in the first state, the pressure P _A of the pressure evacuation, the motion of the displacement detecting member projecting from the mounting portion of the displacement detector to obtain the displacement movement of the projecting member, Denoted as h ₄ , at this time, denote this state as the third state;

Apply the air pressure required for braking to the brake caliper unit, record the pressure of the air pressure as P _B , at this time, record this state as the fourth state;

In the fourth state, the movement displacement of the protrusion is detected from the displacement detection mounting portion to obtain the movement displacement of the protrusion, which is denoted as h ₅ ;

In the fourth state, the air pressure with a pressure of P _B is evacuated, and the movement displacement of the extension piece is detected from the displacement detection mounting part to obtain the movement displacement of the extension piece, denoted as h ₆ , h _{6 is} the one-time adjustment amount of the brake caliper unit, then:

b=2(h ₆ -h ₄ ).

Preferably, on the basis of one adjustment test, the brake caliper unit is repeatedly inflated and vented until the extension displacement of the extension member is not in the state of inflating and venting the brake caliper unit. Another change occurs. At this time, in the state of inflating the brake caliper unit, the extension displacement of the extension piece detected from the displacement detecting element is h _m , which is set in the brake caliper unit In the state of exhaust, the extension displacement of the extension piece detected from the displacement detection element is h _n , and the relief gap of the brake caliper unit is c, then: c=2(h _m − h _n ).

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are:

In this application, a detection brake pad is provided. At the same time, the detection brake pad has a support chamber, a moving part and an extension part. The moving part and the brake pad body are supported by elastic force. When it is necessary to perform fault detection on the brake device of the rail vehicle, The detection brake pads can replace the brake pads of the vehicle brake device and are fixedly connected to the power actuator. At the same time, when the extension piece is in contact with the brake disc, the movement and displacement of the extension piece under different conditions can be detected. Accurately obtain performance parameters such as braking sensitivity, one-time adjustment, clearance relief and other performance parameters of the power actuator. During the detection process, the power actuator does not need to be removed, and there is no need to use the test bench to detect the power actuator failure, thereby ensuring the detection environment The authenticity of the test results improves the accuracy of the test results.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a brake caliper unit according to an embodiment;

2 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a brake caliper unit failure detection device according to an embodiment;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the brake disc body in Fig. 2;

Figure 4 is a side view of Figure 2;

Figure 5 is a sectional view along the A-A direction in Figure 2;

6 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the brake control mechanism and the detection brake pad and the brake caliper unit of an embodiment;

7 is a schematic structural diagram of a brake control mechanism of a brake caliper unit failure detection device according to an embodiment;

8 is a schematic diagram of the principle of detecting the braking sensitivity and the primary adjustment amount of the brake caliper unit by the brake caliper unit failure detection device of an embodiment;

9 is a schematic diagram of the principle of detecting the primary adjustment amount of the brake caliper unit by the brake caliper unit failure detection device of an embodiment;

10 is a schematic diagram of the principle of detecting the relief gap of the brake caliper unit by the brake caliper unit failure detection device of an embodiment;

Number in the figure: 10, brake pad composition; 101, first installation part; 11, brake pad; 12, brake cylinder; 1, detection brake pad; 100, brake pad body; 110, second installation part; 120. Moving detection installation part; 200, support chamber; 300, moving part; 310, grating ruler installation seat; 320, synchronization part; 400, extension part; 500, load detection sensor; 501, load detection installation part; 600 2. Spring; 2. Displacement sensor; 21. Main grating ruler; 22. Indicating grating ruler; 23. Light source; 24. Photosensitive element; 3. Signal receiving unit; 31. Test information collection box; 32. Test host; 4. Motion control mechanism; 41, air source interface; 42, relay valve; 43, air pressure control unit; 431, charging solenoid valve; 432, exhaust solenoid valve; 433, second pressure sensor; 44, brake cylinder interface; 45 , Exhaust plug door on the side of the live contact; 46, the third pressure sensor; 51, the adapter.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, it should be understood that without further description, elements, structures and features in one embodiment can also be beneficially combined into other embodiments.

In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are only used for description purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features.

In the description of this application, it needs to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "bottom", "inner", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and only In order to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description, it does not indicate or imply that the pointed device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention.

In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral Ground connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meaning of the above-mentioned terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations.

The described implementations are merely descriptions of the preferred implementations of the application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the application. Without departing from the design spirit of the application, various modifications made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the application And improvements should fall within the scope of protection determined by the claims of this application.

The general idea of the technical solution provided by this application is as follows:

In order to accurately detect the power actuator without removing the power actuator (such as the brake caliper unit) of the brake device of the vehicle (such as rail vehicle), this application provides a detection brake pad The detection brake pad is used for fault detection of the vehicle brake device. The brake pad body of the detection brake pad is arranged corresponding to the power actuator of the vehicle brake device. The detection brake pad has a support chamber, a moving part, and an elastic force transmission medium. When it is necessary to detect the failure of the vehicle brake device, the detection brake pad can replace the brake pad of the vehicle brake device to be fixedly connected to the power actuator. At the same time, the extension piece contacts the brake disc. By detecting the movement displacement of the extension member in different states, the braking sensitivity, one-time adjustment amount, clearance relief and other performance parameters of the power actuator can be accurately obtained. During the process, the power actuator does not need to be removed, and no With the help of the test bench, the power actuator is used for fault detection, thus ensuring the authenticity of the detection environment, thereby improving the accuracy of the detection results. Further, the present application also provides a brake caliper unit failure detection device that uses the detection brake pad to detect the failure of the brake caliper unit, and the brake caliper unit failure detection device is used to detect the brake caliper unit. The detection method of the fault detection of the caliper unit can still achieve accurate detection of the brake caliper unit without removing the brake caliper unit, thereby improving the accuracy of the detection result.

In order to better understand the inventive concept of the present application, the above technical solution will be described in detail with reference to the drawings of the specification and specific implementations by taking the detection of brake pads applied to the failure detection of the rail vehicle brake caliper unit as an example.

2 to 3, in order to accurately detect the brake caliper unit without removing the brake caliper unit, this application proposes a brake caliper unit failure detection device, which Used for fault detection of the brake caliper unit, as the power actuator of the basic braking device of rail vehicles, as shown in Figure 1, the brake caliper unit includes a brake pad assembly 10 and a brake cylinder 12, The cylinder 12 is connected with the brake pad assembly 10 to drive the brake pad assembly 10 to move. The brake pad assembly 10 has a first mounting portion 101, which is used to connect with the brake pad 11, and the brake pad The clamping unit fault detection device includes a detection brake disc 1, a displacement detection element 2 and a signal receiving unit 3. The detection brake disc 1 includes a brake disc body 100, a supporting chamber 200, a moving part 300, an elastic force transmission medium and an extension part 400, among them:

The brake pad body 100 has a second mounting portion 110 and a displacement detecting mounting portion 120. The structure of the second mounting portion 110 is adapted to the first mounting portion 101, so that the first mounting portion 101 can be fixedly connected to the second mounting portion 110, That is, when it is necessary to perform fault detection on the brake caliper unit, the detection brake lining 1 replaces the brake lining 11, and then the first mounting part 101 formed by the second mounting part 110 and the brake lining holder is fixedly connected. The connection relationship between the second mounting portion 110 and the first mounting portion 101 is the same as the connection relationship between the brake pad 11 and the brake pad assembly 10, that is, the connection relationship between the brake pad 1 and the brake pad assembly 10 is detected, It is the same as the connection relationship between the brake pad 11 and the brake pad support assembly 10. The extension piece 400 is fixedly connected to the moving piece 300, or the extension piece 400 and the moving piece 300 are integrally formed, that is, the extension piece 400 may be a part of the moving piece 300. The displacement detection mounting part 120 is used to set or connect a displacement detection element (or a displacement detection instrument, for example, a grating displacement sensor, a resistive displacement sensor, a laser rangefinder, etc.) to provide conditions for detecting the movement displacement of the protrusion 400, Therefore, as long as the detection brake 1 has the ability to detect the movement and displacement of the protrusion 400, that is, it can be combined with the displacement detection element to detect the movement and displacement of the protrusion 400, it can be determined that the brake body 100 has the displacement detection mounting portion 120. .

Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 3, the brake shoe body 100 is integrally formed. For example, the brake shoe body 100 is integrally formed by precision casting and then finished by finishing. As shown in FIG. 4, the second mounting part 110 is a dovetail structure installed on the back of the brake pad body 100 (that is, after the detection brake pad 1 is installed on the brake pad holder assembly 10, the second installation location 110 is on the side close to the brake pad holder assembly 10). The first mounting part 101 composed of the brake pad holder has a first interface, and the second mounting part 110 has a second interface. The second interface is set up with the brake pad, that is, the second interface is set to be connected to the brake pad 11 The connecting interfaces of the brake shoe holder assembly 10 are the same, and the second interface is adapted to the first interface to be fixedly connected to the first interface.

The support chamber 200 is formed in the brake disc body 100. The support chamber 200 has an inlet and outlet 210. The inlet and outlet 210 and the second mounting portion 110 are respectively located on both sides of the brake disc body 100 to detect when the brake disc 1 is connected to the gate. When the plate holder assembly 10 is mounted, the second mounting portion 110 is fixedly connected to the first mounting portion 101, and the inlet and outlet 210 faces the brake disc (or the inlet and outlet 210 faces away from the brake pad assembly 10), so that the extension piece 400 is driven by the moving part 300 to contact the brake disc, so that the detection brake pad 1 enters and maintains the initial detection state, so that the extension part 400 can be pressed back into the support chamber 200 during the subsequent detection process, thereby passing the extension The displacement of the output reflects the change of the gap between the brake pad body and the brake disc. The support chamber 200 is arranged to provide support and guidance for the movement of the moving part 300 and the extension part 400.

Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the support chamber 200 is surrounded by two protrusions, both of which are plate-shaped, and both of the protrusions have a circular arc plate portion 201 and a first straight plate. In the part 202 and the second straight plate part 203, two protrusions are spaced apart and arranged side by side to form a cylindrical support chamber 200, a first installation chamber 204, and a second installation chamber 205. Between the arc plate portions 201 of the two protrusions is the supporting chamber 200, the first straight plate portion 202 of the two protrusions forms the first installation cavity 204, and the second straight plate portion 203 of the two protrusions forms the second Install the chamber 205. The displacement detecting element 2 is preferably a grating-type displacement sensor, which includes a main grating ruler 21, an indicating grating ruler 22, a light source 23 and a photosensitive element 24. The main grating ruler 21 is located in the support chamber 200 (including part of the grating ruler extending out into the support chamber 200). The exit situation), and is fixedly connected with the moving part 300, and then moves synchronously with the moving part 300, indicating that the grating ruler 22 is fixed in the first installation chamber 204, and the position of the indicating grating ruler 22 corresponds to the main grating ruler 21, The light source 23 is fixed in the first installation chamber 204, and the photosensitive element 24 is fixed in the second installation chamber 205. The main grating ruler 21 generates a relative displacement relative to the indicating grating ruler 22 under the driving of the moving part 300, so that the light irradiated from the light source 23 to the photosensitive element 24 is changed, and the photosensitive element 24 measures the main grating ruler 21 according to the change in the irradiated light. Then, the displacement of the extension member 400 that is also fixed on the moving member can be measured. Based on the foregoing, those skilled in the art can use the grating displacement sensor to accurately measure the movement displacement of the protrusion 400, and then obtain the performance parameters of the brake caliper unit through the displacement of the protrusion.

The moving part 300 is sleeved in the supporting chamber 200 to move along the supporting chamber 200. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, the moving part 300 includes a grating ruler mounting base 310 and a synchronizing member 320. The grating ruler mounting base 310 is slidingly fitted with the supporting chamber 200, and the grating ruler mounting base 310 is fixedly connected to the main grating ruler 21, The synchronizing piece 320 is located above the grating ruler mounting base 310. The synchronizing piece 320 is cylindrical, and the synchronizing piece 320 extends in the vertical direction. The bottom of the synchronizing piece 320 is fixedly connected with the top of the grating ruler mounting base 310 to be installed with the grating ruler. The base 310 moves synchronously, and the synchronizer 320 is fixedly connected with the main grating ruler 21 to ensure the stability of the main grating ruler 21.

The elastic force transmission medium is located between the moving part 300 and the brake body 100 to provide elastic support to the moving part 300 under the support of the brake body 100. Therefore, as long as the detection brake 1 has a supporting cavity for the moving part 300 The elastic support force of the inlet and outlet of the chamber 200 can confirm that the detection brake 1 has an elastic force transmission medium. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, the elastic force transmission medium is an elastic element, and the elastic force transmission medium is preferably a spring 600 (for example, a tower spring as shown in FIG. 5). The bottom of the spring 600 is in contact with the brake disc body 100 to receive For the support of the brake disc body 100, the top of the spring 600 contacts the bottom of the scale mounting base 310 to elastically support the scale mounting base 310. Of course, in other embodiments, the elastic force transmission medium may also be a fluid, and the elastic force transmission medium is preferably gas. At this time, the grating ruler mounting base 310 and the supporting chamber 200 are hermetically connected, and the grating ruler mounting base 310 and the brake disc body 100 A sealed gas chamber is formed between the gas chambers, and the movable member 300 can also be elastically supported by supplying gas to the inside of the gas chamber and maintaining the gas content.

The extension piece 400 is fixedly connected with the moving piece 300 to move synchronously with the moving piece 300. The extension piece 400 is arranged corresponding to the entrance and exit of the support chamber 200, and the extension piece 400 can extend out of the support chamber 200 and engage with the brake. The disc is in contact and can be further squeezed when the distance between the detection brake pad 1 and the brake disc becomes smaller, so that the moving part 400 moves toward the inside of the support chamber 200, thereby facilitating the subsequent braking sensitivity of the brake caliper unit, A measurement of performance parameters such as adjustment amount and relief gap. The extension member 400 is provided corresponding to the displacement detection mounting part, so that the movement displacement of the extension member 400 can be detected when the displacement detection mounting part is provided or connected with a displacement sensor. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, the extension piece 400 is a test probe, which is located above the synchronization piece 320, and the bottom of the test probe is fixedly connected with the top of the synchronization piece 320 to move synchronously with the synchronization piece 320.

Above, the detection brake pad 1 in the initial state of detection has its extension 400 contacting the brake disc. At this time, the brake caliper unit is charged with the pressure required for braking, and the brake pad body 100 of the detection brake pad is close to When the brake disc moves, the elastic force transmission medium is squeezed by the brake pad body 100 and the brake disc. When the moving part 300 overcomes the elastic support force of the elastic force transmission medium, the moving part 300 drives the extension part 400 toward the inside of the support chamber 200 Moving, the movement and displacement of the extension member 400 can be detected from the displacement detection mounting part 120. The extension piece 400 supported by the elastic force transmission medium is in contact with the brake disc. During detection, the brake caliper unit drives the detection brake pad 1 to continue to approach the brake disc, and the extension piece 400 is pressed by the brake disc to support As the interior of the chamber 200 moves, the distance that the detection brake pad 1 approaches the brake disc is equal to the distance the protrusion 400 moves into the support chamber 200. Therefore, the displacement of the detection brake pad protrusion 400 reflects the brake caliper The gap between the brake pad and the brake disc changes during unit braking.

Based on the above, this application has at least the following technical effects or advantages:

In this application, the detection brake 1 is provided, and at the same time, the detection brake 1 has a supporting chamber 200, a moving part 300 and an extension part 400. The moving part 300 and the brake body 100 are supported by elastic force. When the driving device performs fault detection, the detection brake pad 1 can replace the brake pads of the vehicle brake device and be fixedly connected to the power actuator. At the same time, when the protrusion 400 is in contact with the brake disc, the detection brake pad 400 The movement displacement in different states can accurately obtain the performance parameters of the power actuator's braking sensitivity, one-time adjustment, and clearance relief. During the detection process, there is no need to disassemble the power actuator, and there is no need to use a test bench to perform fault detection on the power actuator, thereby ensuring the authenticity of the detection environment and improving the accuracy of the detection results.

In order to further improve the accuracy of the detection results, continue to refer to Figures 2 and 3, there are multiple support chambers 200, and the multiple support chambers 200 are distributed at intervals. Correspondingly, there are multiple moving parts 300, and multiple moving parts 300 and the plurality of supporting chambers 200 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence, and there are also multiple protrusions 400, and the plurality of protrusions 400 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the multiple moving parts 300. Of course, there are also multiple displacement detection mounting parts. Therefore, the detection brake pad can separately detect the performance parameters of the brake caliper unit at different positions of the brake pad, such as the braking sensitivity, one-time adjustment amount, and relief clearance, etc., and then through the comparative evaluation of the detection results, the detection results can be based on different positions Adjust the brake caliper unit to maintain consistency in performance at different positions, thereby improving the accuracy and comprehensiveness of the detection results. Preferably, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, there are two supporting chambers 200, and the two supporting chambers 200 are respectively located at both ends of the brake pad body 100, so as to allow the upper and lower clearances of the discs on each side of the brake caliper unit. Whether the identification is performed consistently ensures the accuracy of the test results. Of course, the detection brake pads can also be used to detect whether the gaps between the discs on both sides of the brake caliper unit are consistent, so as to determine whether the brake caliper unit and the brake disc are aligned.

Continuing to refer to FIG. 6, the signal receiving unit 3 is communicatively connected with the displacement detecting element 2 to receive the displacement signal detected by the displacement detecting element 2. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, the signal receiving unit 3 includes a test information acquisition box 31 and a test host 32. As shown in FIG. 2, the test information acquisition box 31 is fixedly arranged on the brake body, and the test information acquisition box 31 is connected to the The displacement detection element 2 and other detection elements (including the load detection sensor 500 mentioned below) are connected in communication for data collection and transmission of the signals detected by the displacement detection element 2 and other detection elements to the test host 32. In addition, the test The information collection box 31 has a charging module, which is communicatively connected with detection elements such as the displacement detection element 2 to charge the detection elements. The test host 32 is used to process and display signals. The test host 32 is equipped with a power interface, displacement reset button and display screen. The power interface is used for external power supply. The displacement reset button is used to set the program back to the initial state. The processed signal is displayed for the user to view.

In order to improve the comprehensiveness of the failure detection of the brake caliper unit, continue to refer to Figures 2 and 3, the brake pad body 100 also has a load detection mounting portion 501, the load detection mounting portion 501 and the second mounting portion 110 of the brake pad body 100 They are respectively located on both sides of the brake pad body 100, so that when the load detection mounting portion 501 is provided with or connected with a load detection element (such as a load detection sensor, etc.), when the elastic force transmission medium is pressed, the moving part drives the extension part 400 to the brake After the pad body 100 advances a certain distance, the load detection sensor 500 will contact the brake disc, and the brake pad pressure can be detected by contact with the brake disc. The detection brake disc 1 also includes a load detection sensor 500, which is fixed on the load detection installation part 501, so as to realize the detection of the detection brake disc pressure, and provide the parameters required for the test in the output force and static transmission efficiency test Therefore, while improving the detection efficiency and detection accuracy, the comprehensiveness of the failure detection of the brake caliper unit is improved. In addition, the pressure detection result of the load detection sensor can be used to determine whether the brake caliper unit is in a fully adjusted state and the gap is stable. When the brake caliper unit is fully adjusted, the load detection sensor is not in contact with the brake disc, and the display pressure is 0; When the brake caliper unit is in a stable state, the pressure value displayed by the load detection sensor is the same every time the brake caliper unit brakes. Preferably, in order to prevent eccentric wear of the brake pads when the brake caliper unit is working, there are multiple load detection mounting parts 501, and the multiple load detection mounting parts 501 are distributed at intervals. Correspondingly, there are multiple load detection sensors 500. A, a plurality of load detection sensors 500 and a plurality of load detection mounting parts 501 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence, therefore, the detection brake pads can respectively detect the performance parameters of the brake caliper unit at different positions of the detection brake pads, and then pass the detection result Comparative evaluation can test whether the brake pad pressure at different positions on one side of each brake caliper unit is evenly distributed. If the distribution is uneven, the brake pads and the brake caliper unit can be adjusted to prevent braking. Partial wear of the brake pads occurs when the movable clamp unit is working. Specifically, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, the number of load detection mounting parts 501 is at least three (preferably three), that is, there is at least one load detection mounting part as the first load detection mounting part, and there is at least one The load detection mounting part is the second load detection mounting part, and there is at least one load detection mounting part that is the third load detection mounting part, wherein the first load detection mounting part and the second load detection mounting part are respectively located on two sides of the brake pad body 100 At the end, the third load detection installation part is located between the first load detection installation part and the second load detection installation part, the first load detection installation part, the second load detection installation part and the third load detection installation part are distributed in a triangle shape, This detects the performance parameters of the brake caliper unit at different positions on the upper, middle and lower brake pads, and then compares and evaluates the detection results of the brake pads, which can fully reflect the brake caliper unit at different positions on one side. Whether the brake pad pressure is evenly distributed, if the distribution is uneven, the brake pads and the brake caliper unit can be adjusted to better prevent the brake pads from eccentric wear when the brake caliper unit is working .

In order to achieve portable operation, continue to refer to Figures 6 and 7, the brake caliper unit failure detection device of the present invention also includes a brake control mechanism 4, which is connected to the brake cylinder of the brake caliper unit to brake The control mechanism 4 is used to replace the rail vehicle brake control system, and is used to control the brake cylinder of the brake caliper unit during fault detection. It is based on the air supply principle of the rail vehicle to supply the basic electrical The components are integrated. The brake control mechanism 4 includes an air source interface 41, a relay valve 42, a pneumatic control unit 43, and a brake cylinder interface 44, among which:

The wind source interface 41 is used to connect an external wind source device to provide a wind source;

The relay valve 42 has an inlet end, a control end and an outlet end, and the inlet end is connected with the air source interface;

The air pressure control unit 43 is connected to the control end of the relay valve 42 to control the air pressure at the outlet end of the relay valve 42. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, the air pressure control unit 43 includes an inflation solenoid valve 431, an exhaust solenoid valve 432, and a second pressure sensor 433. One end of the inflation solenoid valve 431 is connected to the air source interface 41, and the air pressure solenoid valve 431 The other end is connected to the exhaust solenoid valve 432, one end of the exhaust solenoid valve 432 is connected to the charging solenoid valve 431, the other end of the exhaust solenoid valve 432 is connected to the atmosphere, and the control end of the relay valve 42 is connected to the charging solenoid valve 431 and Between the exhaust solenoid valve 432, the second pressure sensor 433 is connected between the charging solenoid valve 431 and the exhaust solenoid valve 432 to detect the pressure of the gas supplied to the control end of the relay valve 42;

The brake cylinder interface 44 is connected to the air outlet of the relay valve 42, and the brake cylinder interface 44 is connected to the air inlet of the brake cylinder of the brake caliper unit. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the brake cylinder interface 44 is rotated The connector 51 is connected to the air inlet of the brake cylinder, so as to realize the communication between the relay valve 42 and the brake cylinder 12.

Above, when the air source interface 41 is connected to an external air source, the wind enters the brake control mechanism 4 from the air source interface 41, and the inflation and exhaust volume of the inflation solenoid valve 431 and the exhaust solenoid valve 432 are adjusted. The flow of the relay valve 42, so that the required wind is output from the air outlet of the relay valve 42, and then sent to the brake cylinder of the brake caliper unit through the brake cylinder interface to realize the control of the brake caliper unit Brake control. Therefore, the brake caliper unit failure detection device of the present application has a simple structure and is convenient to move and operate by providing the brake control mechanism 4, and at the same time, it does not rely on the rail vehicle brake control system to independently complete the brake caliper adjustment. The detection of unit performance reduces the detection cost and improves the detection efficiency.

In addition, continuing to refer to Fig. 7, the brake caliper unit fault detection device of the present invention also includes a live contact side exhaust plug door 45, an opening and closing handle that controls the opening and closing of the live contact side exhaust plug door 45, and a third The pressure sensor 46 and the exhaust valve 45 on the live contact side are connected between the outlet end of the relay valve 42 and the brake cylinder interface 44 to ensure that the brake caliper unit failure detection device is in exhaust during the pressure holding test State, that is, disconnect the brake cylinder and the relay valve, no longer inflating, can accurately measure the pressure holding characteristics of the brake caliper unit, the third pressure sensor 46 is connected to the exhaust valve on the side of the live contact 45 and the brake cylinder interface 44 to monitor the air supply pressure.

Preferably, as shown in FIG. 6, the brake control mechanism 4 is fixedly connected to the signal receiving unit 3. Specifically, the brake control mechanism 4 is integrated with the test host 32 of the signal receiving unit 3, thereby increasing the degree of integration of the brake caliper unit failure detection device, and further improves the performance of the brake caliper unit failure detection device Portability. The signal receiving unit 3 is in communication connection with the brake control mechanism 4 to adjust the air supply pressure of the brake control mechanism 4.

Referring to Figs. 8 to 10 and in conjunction with Figs. 2 to 7, the present application also provides a brake caliper unit failure detection method, which applies the above-mentioned brake caliper unit failure detection device, and includes the following steps:

The second mounting part 110 of the detection brake pad 1 is fixedly connected with the first installation part 101 composed of the brake pad holder, that is, the brake pad of the brake caliper unit is removed, the detection brake pad 1 is installed, and the brake is turned The manual adjustment nut of the caliper unit adjusts the disc gap (that is, the gap between the brake disc and the detection brake disc), so that the protrusions 400 on both sides of the brake disc are in contact with the disc surface of the brake disc;

Set the initial state, fix the second mounting part of the brake pad and the first mounting part composed of the brake pad holder, and at the same time make the extension piece contact the brake disc. At this time, remember this state In the initial state, as shown in Figure 8, in the initial state, the brake cylinder pressure is 0, and the displacement of the extension member 400 is 0 (the moving member 300 does not apply force to the elastic force transmission medium, and the extension member 400 is opposed to the brake pad body The displacement is recorded as 0) At this time, the position indicated by the grating ruler 22 on the main grating ruler 21 is the zero position, which is recorded as h ₀ . The load detection sensor 500 is not in contact with the brake disc, so the detected pressure is zero.

The following assumes that the disc gap and output force on both sides of the brake caliper unit are the same, and the brake caliper unit brake sensitivity test, one adjustment test, relief gap test, air tightness test and output force static transmission efficiency test .

Braking sensitivity test:

8, in the initial state, is applied to the brake caliper units desired braking pressure, referred to the pressure of the air pressure is P _A, this time, this state is referred to a first state;

In the first state, the movement displacement of the protrusion is detected from the displacement detection mounting part to obtain the movement displacement of the protrusion, which is recorded as h ₁ , and h _{1 is} the brake caliper The single-side braking sensitivity of the unit, set the braking sensitivity of the brake caliper unit as a, then:

a=2h ₁ ;

It should be noted that, as shown in FIG. 8, h _{1 is} the relative displacement of the main grating ruler 21 and the indicating grating ruler 22. During the detection process, because the extension piece 400 is in contact with the brake disc, there is no relative displacement between the extension piece 400 and the brake disc, indicating that the grating ruler 22 is fixed in the first installation cavity 204 of the brake pad body 100 Therefore, after the brake cylinder is charged with a certain air pressure, the brake pad body 100 moves closer to the brake disc, so that the main grating ruler 21 and the indicating grating ruler 22 are relatively displaced.

One adjustment test:

As shown in Figure 9, in the initial state, the air pressure required for braking is applied to the brake caliper unit, and the pressure of the air pressure is recorded as P _B. At this time, this state is recorded as the second state;

In the second state, the movement displacement of the protrusion is detected from the displacement detection mounting portion to obtain the movement displacement of the protrusion, which is denoted as h ₂ ;

In the second state, the air pressure with a pressure of P _B is evacuated, and the movement displacement of the extension piece is detected from the displacement detection mounting part to obtain the movement displacement of the extension piece, denoted as h ₃ , h _{3 is} the one-time adjustment amount of the brake caliper unit, set the one-time adjustment amount of the brake caliper unit as b, then:

b=2h ₃ .

An adjustment test can also be carried out through the following steps:

8, in the first state, the pressure of the pressure P _A is evacuated, the motion detecting displacement of the member projecting from the mounting portion of the displacement detector to obtain the projecting member Movement displacement, denoted as h ₄ , at this time, denote this state as the third state;

Apply the air pressure required for braking to the brake caliper unit, record the pressure of the air pressure as P _B , at this time, record this state as the fourth state;

In the fourth state, the movement displacement of the protrusion is detected from the displacement detection mounting portion to obtain the movement displacement of the protrusion, which is denoted as h ₅ ;

In the fourth state, the air pressure with a pressure of P _B is evacuated, and the movement displacement of the extension piece is detected from the displacement detection mounting part to obtain the movement displacement of the extension piece, denoted as h ₆ , h _{6 is} the one-time adjustment amount of the brake caliper unit, then:

b=2(h ₆ -h ₄ );

It should be noted that when testing the adjustment value once, you can only select the displacement difference of the extension piece 400 in the two relieved states when the load detection sensor 500 pressure is 0 in the braking state. This is because only when there is no pressure between the discs In order to ensure that the brake caliper unit is fully adjusted. The braking state means that the brake caliper unit has been charged with the air pressure required to apply braking, and the protrusion of the detection brake pad is in contact with the brake disc, and between the protrusion and the brake disc When the pressure is 0, the brake caliper unit is considered to be fully adjusted.

Mitigation gap test:

As shown in Figure 10, on the basis of one adjustment test, the brake caliper unit is inflated and vented repeatedly until the pressure value of the load detection sensor 500 is in the state of inflating and venting the brake caliper unit No longer changes (except 0), or the extension displacement of the extension member 400 no longer changes. At this time, the extension member 400 detected from the displacement detection element 2 in the state of inflating the brake caliper unit The extension displacement of the brake caliper unit is h _m , and the extension displacement of the extension member 400 detected from the displacement detection element 2 is h _n in the state of exhausting the brake caliper unit. The relief gap is c, then:

c=2(h _m -h _n ).

During the gap relief test, the air pressure is the same every time, and the air pressure can be P _B.

Air tightness test:

After completing the gap relief test, the brake control mechanism 4 is controlled through the display screen of the signal receiving unit 3, and the control pressure P _{C is} applied to the brake cylinder. After the pressure is stabilized, the exhaust plug 45 on the side of the live contact is closed, and the test The pressure change ΔP _C in the predetermined time of the third pressure sensor 46 can reflect the sealing performance of the brake caliper unit.

Output force and static transmission efficiency test:

On the basis of completing the gap relief test, the brake control mechanism 4 is controlled through the display screen of the signal receiving unit 3, and the control pressure _{PD is} repeatedly applied to the brake cylinder until the pressure value of the load detection sensor 500 does not change in the inflated state. The sum of the pressure displayed by the hour load detection sensor 500 F _D , F _D is the one-side brake pressure when the corresponding brake cylinder pressure is _PD , and the output force of the brake caliper unit is 2F _D. At this time, set the system The theoretical output force of the movable clamp unit is _FL . As known to those skilled in the art, _{FL is} related to the performance parameters of the brake clamp unit (such as cylinder diameter, clamp magnification, etc.). Set the static transmission efficiency as η, then:

Claims (13)

1. A detection brake pad used for fault detection of a vehicle braking device, characterized in that the detection brake pad includes:

   A brake shoe body, the brake shoe body having: a second mounting part, and a displacement detecting mounting part for setting or connecting a displacement detecting element;

   A support chamber, the support chamber is formed in the brake disc body, and the support chamber has:

   Entrance and exit, the entrance and exit and the second mounting part are respectively located on both sides of the brake disc body;

   A moving part, the moving part is sleeved in the supporting chamber;

   An elastic force transmitting medium, the elastic force transmitting medium is located between the moving part and the brake disc body;

   An extension piece, the extension piece is fixedly connected with the moving piece, the extension piece is arranged corresponding to the inlet and outlet, and the extension piece is arranged corresponding to the displacement detection mounting part;

   Wherein, when the moving part overcomes the elastic support force transmitted by the elastic force transmission medium, the moving part drives the extension part to move toward the inside of the support chamber, and the displacement detection mounting portion can detect all the parts. The movement displacement of the protrusion.
2. The detection brake pad according to claim 1, wherein there are a plurality of said supporting chambers, and the plurality of said supporting chambers are distributed at intervals, and there are a plurality of said moving parts. Each of the supporting chambers is arranged in one-to-one correspondence, the number of protruding members is multiple, and the plurality of protruding members are provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple moving members.
3. The detection brake disc according to claim 1, wherein the elastic force transmission medium is a fluid or an elastic element.
4. The detection brake disc according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the brake disc body further has:

   The load detection installation part, the load detection installation part and the second installation part are respectively located at the

   The two sides of the brake disc body;

   The detection brake disc further includes:

   The load detection sensor is fixed on the load detection mounting part.
5. The detection brake pad according to claim 4, wherein there are a plurality of load detection mounting parts, the plurality of load detection mounting parts are distributed at intervals, the load detection sensor is plural, and the load The detection sensors are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of load detection mounting parts.
6. The detection brake pad according to claim 5, wherein at least one of the load detection mounting parts is a first load detection mounting part, at least one of the load detection mounting parts is a second load detection mounting part, and there is At least one of the load detection mounting parts is a third load detection mounting part, wherein the first load detection mounting part and the second load detection mounting part are respectively located at both ends of the brake disc body, and the third The load detection installation part is located between the first load detection installation part and the second load detection installation part, the first load detection installation part, the second load detection installation part and the third load detection installation The parts are distributed in a triangle.
7. A fault detection device for a brake caliper unit. The brake caliper unit includes a brake pad holder. The fault detection device for the brake caliper unit includes:

   A detection brake disc, the detection brake disc being the detection brake disc according to any one of claims 1-6, and the second mounting part is fixedly connected with the first mounting part formed by the brake disc holder;

   A displacement detection element, the displacement detection element is connected to the displacement detection mounting part, and the displacement detection element is arranged corresponding to the extension piece; and

   A signal receiving unit, the signal receiving unit is in communication connection with the displacement detecting element.
8. The brake caliper unit fault detection device according to claim 7, wherein the brake caliper unit further comprises a brake cylinder, the brake cylinder is connected to the brake pad holder, and the brake cylinder has an air inlet, It is characterized in that the brake caliper unit fault detection device further includes:

   A brake control mechanism, the brake control mechanism is connected to a brake cylinder, and the brake control mechanism includes:

   Wind source interface;

   A relay valve, the relay valve having an inlet end, a control end and an outlet end, and the inlet end is connected to the air source interface;

   An air pressure control unit, which is connected to the control terminal;

   The brake cylinder interface is connected to the air outlet, and the brake cylinder interface is connected to the air inlet of the brake cylinder.
9. 8. The brake caliper unit failure detection device according to claim 8, wherein the brake control mechanism is fixedly connected with the signal receiving unit, and the signal receiving unit is communicatively connected with the brake control mechanism.
10. A brake caliper unit failure detection method, applying the brake caliper unit failure detection device of any one of claims 7-9, characterized in that the brake caliper unit failure detection method includes the following steps :

    Fixing the second mounting portion of the detection brake pad and the first mounting portion composed of the brake pad holder, and at the same time contacting the extension piece with the brake disc, at this time, record this state as the initial state;

    In the initial state, is applied to the brake caliper units desired braking pressure, referred to the pressure of the air pressure is P _A, this time, this state is referred to a first state;

    In the first state, the movement displacement of the protrusion is detected from the displacement detection mounting part to obtain the movement displacement of the protrusion, which is recorded as h ₁ , and h _{1 is} the brake caliper The single-side braking sensitivity of the unit, set the braking sensitivity of the brake caliper unit as a, then:

    a=2h ₁ .
11. A brake caliper unit failure detection method, applying the brake caliper unit failure detection device of any one of claims 7-9, characterized in that the brake caliper unit failure detection method includes the following steps :

    Fixing the second mounting portion of the detection brake pad and the first mounting portion composed of the brake pad holder, and at the same time contacting the extension piece with the brake disc, at this time, record this state as the initial state;

    In the initial state, apply the air pressure required for braking to the brake caliper unit, record the pressure of the air pressure as P _B , at this time, record this state as the second state;

    In the second state, the movement displacement of the protrusion is detected from the displacement detection mounting portion to obtain the movement displacement of the protrusion, which is denoted as h ₂ ;

    In the second state, the air pressure with a pressure of P _B is evacuated, and the movement displacement of the extension piece is detected from the displacement detection mounting part to obtain the movement displacement of the extension piece, denoted as h ₃ , h _{3 is} the one-time adjustment amount of the brake caliper unit, set the one-time adjustment amount of the brake caliper unit as b, then:

    b=2h ₃ .
12. The fault detection method of a brake caliper unit according to claim 10, wherein:

    In the first state, the pressure of the pressure P _A is evacuated, the motion detecting displacement of the member projecting from the mounting portion of the displacement detector to obtain the displacement movement of the projecting member, denoted h _4. At this time, record this state as the third state;

    Apply the air pressure required for braking to the brake caliper unit, record the pressure of the air pressure as P _B , at this time, record this state as the fourth state;

    In the fourth state, the movement displacement of the protrusion is detected from the displacement detection mounting portion to obtain the movement displacement of the protrusion, which is denoted as h ₅ ;

    In the fourth state, the air pressure with a pressure of P _B is evacuated, and the movement displacement of the extension piece is detected from the displacement detection mounting part to obtain the movement displacement of the extension piece, denoted as h ₆ , h _{6 is} the one-time adjustment amount of the brake caliper unit, then:

    b=2(h ₆ -h ₄ ).
13. The fault detection method of a brake caliper unit according to claim 11, characterized in that:

    On the basis of one adjustment test, the brake caliper unit is repeatedly inflated and vented until the extension displacement of the extension member no longer changes when the brake caliper unit is inflated and vented At this time, in the state of inflating the brake caliper unit, the extension displacement of the extension piece detected from the displacement detecting element is h _m , and it is set at the exhaust gas to the brake caliper unit In the state, the extension displacement of the extension piece detected from the displacement detection element is h _n , and the relief gap of the brake caliper unit is c, then: c=2(h _m -h _n ) .

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