WO2020238670A1 - 调光玻璃 - Google Patents

调光玻璃 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020238670A1
WO2020238670A1 PCT/CN2020/090770 CN2020090770W WO2020238670A1 WO 2020238670 A1 WO2020238670 A1 WO 2020238670A1 CN 2020090770 W CN2020090770 W CN 2020090770W WO 2020238670 A1 WO2020238670 A1 WO 2020238670A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
substrate
layer
crystal cell
electrode
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PCT/CN2020/090770
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
武晓娟
王建
袁洪亮
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
北京京东方光电科技有限公司
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Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司, 北京京东方光电科技有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to US17/251,853 priority Critical patent/US11294252B2/en
Publication of WO2020238670A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020238670A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/13756—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering the liquid crystal selectively assuming a light-scattering state
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G02F1/133753—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers with different alignment orientations or pretilt angles on a same surface, e.g. for grey scale or improved viewing angle
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/13306—Circuit arrangements or driving methods for the control of single liquid crystal cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
    • G02F1/13471—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells in which all the liquid crystal cells or layers remain transparent, e.g. FLC, ECB, DAP, HAN, TN, STN, SBE-LC cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/13731—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on a field-induced phase transition
    • G02F1/13737—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on a field-induced phase transition in liquid crystals doped with a pleochroic dye
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
    • B60J3/00—Antiglare equipment associated with windows or windscreens; Sun visors for vehicles
    • B60J3/04—Antiglare equipment associated with windows or windscreens; Sun visors for vehicles adjustable in transparency
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
    • E06B2009/2464—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds featuring transparency control by applying voltage, e.g. LCD, electrochromic panels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
    • G02F1/13475—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells in which at least one liquid crystal cell or layer is doped with a pleochroic dye, e.g. GH-LC cell
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2202/00—Materials and properties
    • G02F2202/04—Materials and properties dye

Definitions

  • the present disclosure belongs to the technical field of smart glass, and specifically relates to dimming glass.
  • dimming glass in the fields of construction and transportation is more and more extensive, and there are already interested in dye liquid crystal dimming glass in the fields of automobiles, high-speed railways, and passenger aircraft.
  • PDLC Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal
  • electrochromic smart glass can only switch between transparency and haze, without shading or heat insulation; electrochromic smart glass has problems such as complex film process, slow response time (8-20s), and blueish dark color.
  • Dye liquid crystal dimming glass uses the selective absorption of light by dichroic dye molecules in the liquid crystal to realize the switch between the bright state and the dark state.
  • the existing dye liquid crystal dimming glass can only realize the adjustment of the black state, the bright state and the gray-scale state, and can only perform the entire surface dimming.
  • dimming glass is used in transportation fields such as trains, there are often the same window corresponding to different passengers, or passengers have different requirements for light transmission between the upper and lower parts of the glass, but the current dimming glass cannot meet the needs of these applications.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a dimming glass including at least one liquid crystal cell, and each liquid crystal cell includes two substrates arranged opposite to each other, and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the two substrates; wherein,
  • Each substrate includes a base and an electrode layer arranged on the side of the base close to the liquid crystal layer;
  • At least one electrode layer of at least one liquid crystal cell includes a plurality of electrode blocks arranged at intervals, and each of the electrode blocks is controlled by a separate driving circuit.
  • the at least one liquid crystal cell includes: a first liquid crystal cell and a second liquid crystal cell; wherein,
  • the first liquid crystal cell includes a first substrate and a second substrate disposed oppositely, and a first liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate
  • the second liquid crystal cell includes a third substrate and a third substrate disposed oppositely.
  • a fourth substrate and a second liquid crystal layer disposed between the third substrate and the fourth substrate, and the second substrate of the first liquid crystal cell and the third substrate of the second liquid crystal cell are laminated.
  • the first substrate of the first liquid crystal cell includes a first substrate, a first electrode layer disposed on a side of the first substrate close to the first liquid crystal layer, and a first electrode layer disposed on a side of the first electrode layer close to the first substrate.
  • the second substrate of the first liquid crystal cell includes a second substrate, a second electrode layer disposed on the side of the second substrate close to the first liquid crystal layer, and The second alignment layer on the side of the second electrode layer close to the first liquid crystal layer; wherein the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer have the same pretilt angle relative to the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer;
  • the third substrate of the second liquid crystal cell includes a third substrate, a third electrode layer disposed on the side of the third substrate close to the second liquid crystal layer, and a third electrode layer disposed on the third electrode layer close to the second liquid crystal layer.
  • Side of the third alignment layer the fourth substrate of the second liquid crystal cell includes a fourth substrate, a fourth electrode layer disposed on the side of the fourth substrate close to the second liquid crystal layer, and disposed on the fourth electrode layer.
  • the fourth alignment layer on the side close to the second liquid crystal layer; wherein the pretilt angles of the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer relative to the third alignment layer and the fourth alignment layer are the same, and are the same as those in the first liquid crystal layer.
  • the pretilt angle with respect to the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer differs by 90°.
  • At least one electrode layer of each liquid crystal cell includes a plurality of electrode blocks arranged at intervals; and the arrangement of the plurality of electrode blocks of each electrode layer in different liquid crystal cells is the same.
  • the at least one liquid crystal cell includes a plurality of liquid crystal cells, and at least one electrode layer in only one liquid crystal cell includes a plurality of electrode blocks arranged at intervals.
  • the plurality of electrode blocks of each electrode layer are arranged in an array.
  • the plurality of electrode blocks of each electrode layer are arranged side by side along the row direction or the column direction.
  • the liquid crystal layer includes dye liquid crystal molecules.
  • the liquid crystal layer is doped with chiral additives.
  • the second substrate of the first liquid crystal cell is shared with the third substrate of the second liquid crystal cell.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first case of a dimming glass provided by an embodiment of the disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second case of the dimming glass provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a third case of the dimming glass provided by the embodiments of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a dimming glass provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a dimming glass, the dimming glass includes at least one liquid crystal cell; each liquid crystal cell includes two substrates and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the two substrates; wherein each substrate includes The substrate, and the electrode layer on the side of the substrate close to the liquid crystal layer.
  • at least one electrode layer in at least one liquid crystal cell includes a plurality of electrode blocks arranged at intervals, and each electrode block is controlled by a separate driving circuit.
  • an electrode layer in a liquid crystal cell includes multiple electrode blocks
  • multiple electrode blocks are equivalent to dividing the liquid crystal cell into multiple regions, and each electrode block is controlled by a separate drive circuit
  • different voltages can be applied to different electrode blocks to generate different electric fields between each electrode block and the electrode layer disposed opposite to it, so that the liquid crystal layer corresponding to each electrode block
  • the deflection angles of the liquid crystal molecules are different, so that the transmittance of the area corresponding to each electrode block of the liquid crystal cell is different, that is, the transmittance of different areas of the dimming glass is different.
  • each of the two electrode layers of a liquid crystal cell may include multiple electrode blocks.
  • each electrode block in each electrode layer is at least one of the other electrode layer.
  • the electrode blocks overlap at least partially.
  • the transmittance of different areas of the dimming glass can also be different.
  • At least one of the two electrode layers of each of the multiple liquid crystal cells may include multiple electrode blocks, and each electrode block is controlled by a different driving circuit. At this time, for each liquid crystal cell, the transmittance of different regions is different. Through the cooperation of multiple liquid crystal cells, more precise control of the transmittance of different regions of the dimming glass can be achieved.
  • the liquid crystal layer may specifically include dye liquid crystals, that is, liquid crystal molecules and doped dichroic dye molecules.
  • the liquid crystal layer can be doped with chiral additives, which can reduce the transmittance of the dimming glass in the dark state and increase the contrast.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a dimming glass, which includes a plurality of stacked liquid crystal cells; wherein, each liquid crystal cell includes two substrates and sandwiched between the two substrates Wherein, each substrate includes a substrate and an electrode layer located on the side of the substrate close to the liquid crystal layer, wherein at least one of the two electrode layers in each liquid crystal cell includes a plurality of electrodes Blocks, and each electrode block is controlled by a separate drive circuit.
  • the dimming glass includes two liquid crystal cells (respectively a first liquid crystal cell and a second liquid crystal cell), and an electrode layer in the first liquid crystal cell includes a plurality of electrode blocks, and an electrode layer in the second liquid crystal cell includes Multiple electrode blocks are described as an example.
  • the dimming glass is simply partitioned.
  • the first liquid crystal cell in the dimming glass includes a first substrate 10, a second substrate 20, and a first substrate 10.
  • the first liquid crystal layer 30 between and the second substrate 20, the first substrate 10 includes a first base 11, a first electrode layer 12 disposed on a side of the first base 11 close to the first liquid crystal layer 30;
  • a second substrate 20 includes a second substrate 21 disposed opposite to the first substrate 11, and a second electrode layer 22 disposed on the side of the second substrate 21 close to the first liquid crystal layer 30; wherein, the first electrode layer 12 of the first liquid crystal cell As a plate-shaped electrode, the second electrode layer 22 includes a plurality of electrode blocks arranged side by side in the row direction.
  • the second electrode layer 22 includes two electrode blocks arranged left and right; correspondingly, the second The liquid crystal cell includes a third substrate 40, a fourth substrate 50, and a second liquid crystal layer 60 disposed between the third substrate 40 and the fourth substrate 50.
  • the third substrate 40 includes a third substrate 41 and is disposed on the third substrate 41.
  • the third electrode layer 42 on the side close to the second liquid crystal layer 60;
  • the fourth substrate 50 includes a fourth substrate 51 disposed opposite to the third substrate 41, and one disposed on the fourth substrate 51 close to the second liquid crystal layer 60
  • the fourth electrode layer 52 on the side; wherein, the third electrode layer 42 of the second liquid crystal cell includes a plurality of electrode blocks arranged side by side in the row direction.
  • FIG. 1 the third electrode layer 42 of the second liquid crystal cell includes a plurality of electrode blocks arranged side by side in the row direction.
  • the third electrode layer of the second liquid crystal cell 42 includes two electrode blocks arranged left and right; the fourth electrode layer 52 is a plate electrode.
  • the two electrode blocks of the second electrode layer 22 in the first liquid crystal cell correspond to the two electrode blocks of the third electrode layer 42 in the second liquid crystal cell, and each electrode block is controlled by a separate driving circuit; the first liquid crystal cell
  • the second substrate 21 and the third substrate 41 of the second liquid crystal cell are connected together by an adhesive layer 70. If this kind of dimming glass is applied to a car window, at this time, the passenger on the left side of the dimming glass can adjust the voltage on the left electrode block to adjust the transmittance of the left area of the dimming glass. Meet the needs of the passengers on the left; accordingly, the passengers on the right side of the dimming glass can adjust the voltage on the right electrode block to adjust the transmittance of the right area of the dimming glass to meet the needs of the right passengers .
  • the electrode blocks in the second electrode layer 22 of the first liquid crystal cell may not be arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the electrode blocks in the third electrode layer 41 of the second liquid crystal cell. According to the application scenario of the dimming glass, it can also be adjusted The corresponding relationship between the electrode blocks in the second electrode layer 22 of the first liquid crystal cell and the electrode blocks in the third electrode 41 layer of the second liquid crystal cell is adjusted.
  • the dimming glass can have a single louver structure.
  • the first liquid crystal cell of the dimming glass can include a first substrate 10, a second substrate 20, and a A first liquid crystal layer 30 between a substrate 10 and a second substrate 20, the first substrate 10 includes a first base 11, and a first electrode layer 12 disposed on a side of the first base close to the first liquid crystal layer 30;
  • the second substrate 20 includes a second substrate 21 disposed opposite to the first substrate 11, and a second electrode layer 22 disposed on the side of the second substrate 21 close to the first liquid crystal layer 30; wherein, the first liquid crystal cell
  • the electrode layer 12 is a plate-shaped electrode
  • the second electrode layer 22 includes a plurality of electrode blocks arranged side by side in a column direction.
  • the second electrode layer 22 includes a plurality of electrode blocks arranged up and down.
  • the second liquid crystal cell may include a third substrate 40, a fourth substrate 50, and a second liquid crystal layer 60 disposed between the third substrate 40 and the fourth substrate 50, the third substrate 40 includes a third base 41
  • the third electrode layer 42 is disposed on the side of the third substrate 41 close to the second liquid crystal layer 60;
  • the fourth substrate 50 includes a fourth substrate 51 disposed opposite to the third substrate 41, and disposed close to the fourth substrate 51
  • the fourth electrode layer 52 on one side of the second liquid crystal layer 60; wherein, the third electrode layer 42 of the second liquid crystal cell includes a plurality of electrode blocks arranged side by side in the column direction, as shown in FIG.
  • the third electrode layer 42 of the second liquid crystal cell includes a plurality of electrode blocks arranged up and down; the fourth electrode layer 52 is a plate-shaped electrode.
  • the multiple electrode blocks of the second electrode layer 22 of the first liquid crystal cell correspond to the multiple electrode blocks of the third electrode layer 42 of the second liquid crystal cell, and each electrode block is controlled by a separate drive circuit;
  • the second substrate 21 of the liquid crystal cell and the third substrate 41 of the second liquid crystal cell are connected together by an adhesive layer 70. In this way, the corresponding voltage signal can be applied to the corresponding electrode block through each drive circuit, so as to realize that the transmittance of the position of the dimming glass corresponding to different electrode blocks is different, that is, the light adjustment glass is vertically aligned along its vertical direction.
  • the transmittance of each area is different, similar to the effect of blinds. It should be noted here that the gray scale of the first liquid crystal cell corresponding to each area of each electrode block can be adjusted, that is, the transmittance is adjustable, and the corresponding second liquid crystal cell corresponds to each area of each electrode block.
  • the gray scale is also adjustable, that is, the transmittance is also adjustable.
  • the electrode blocks in the second electrode layer of the first liquid crystal cell may not be arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the electrode blocks in the third electrode layer of the second liquid crystal cell.
  • the first The corresponding relationship between the electrode blocks in the second electrode layer of the liquid crystal cell and the electrode blocks in the third electrode layer of the second liquid crystal cell is adjusted.
  • the dimming glass may have multiple shutter structures, and the first liquid crystal cell in the dimming glass may include a first substrate 10, a second substrate 20, and a first substrate 10 and The first liquid crystal layer 30 between the second substrates 20, the first substrate 10 may include a first base 11, a first electrode layer 12 disposed on a side of the first base 11 close to the first liquid crystal layer 30; a second substrate 20 may include a second substrate 21 disposed opposite to the first substrate 11, and a second electrode layer 22 disposed on the side of the second substrate 21 close to the first liquid crystal layer 30; wherein the first electrode layer of the first liquid crystal cell 12 may be a plate-shaped electrode, and the second electrode layer 22 may include a plurality of electrode blocks arranged in an array.
  • the second electrode layer 22 includes a plurality of electrode blocks arranged in an array;
  • the second liquid crystal cell may include a third substrate 40, a fourth substrate 50, and a second liquid crystal layer 60 disposed between the third substrate 40 and the fourth substrate 50.
  • the third substrate 40 includes a third base 41, The third electrode layer 42 on the side of the third substrate 41 close to the second liquid crystal layer 60;
  • the second substrate 50 includes a fourth substrate 51 disposed opposite to the third substrate 41, and a second substrate 51 disposed on the fourth substrate 51 close to the second substrate.
  • the fourth electrode layer 52 on one side of the liquid crystal layer 60; wherein, the third electrode layer 42 of the second liquid crystal cell includes a plurality of electrode blocks arranged in an array.
  • the second liquid crystal cell may be shown in FIG. 3
  • the three electrode layer 42 includes a plurality of electrode blocks arranged in an array; the fourth electrode layer 52 is a plate-shaped electrode.
  • the multiple electrode blocks of the second electrode layer 22 of the first liquid crystal cell correspond to the multiple electrode blocks of the third electrode layer 42 of the second liquid crystal cell, and each electrode block is controlled by a separate driving circuit; the first liquid crystal cell
  • the second substrate 21 and the third substrate 41 of the second liquid crystal cell are connected together by an adhesive layer 70. In this way, the corresponding voltage signals can be applied to the corresponding electrode blocks through each drive circuit to control the voltages on the electrode blocks in the same column to be different, so that the dimmer glass corresponding to the positions of the different electrode blocks in a row can be transparent.
  • the transmissivity is different, that is, the area corresponding to one row of electrode blocks of the dimming glass is similar to a blind, and the area corresponding to multiple rows of electrode blocks is similar to multiple blinds; in practical applications, the transmittance of each blind area of the dimming glass can be the same It can also be different.
  • the gray scale of the first liquid crystal cell corresponding to each area of each electrode block can be adjusted, that is, the transmittance is adjustable, and the corresponding second liquid crystal cell corresponds to each area of each electrode block.
  • the gray scale is also adjustable, that is, the transmittance is also adjustable.
  • the electrode blocks in the second electrode layer of the first liquid crystal cell may not be arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the electrode blocks in the third electrode layer of the second liquid crystal cell.
  • the first The corresponding relationship between the electrode blocks in the second electrode layer of the liquid crystal cell and the electrode blocks in the third electrode layer on the second liquid crystal cell is adjusted.
  • dimming glass is only a few specific implementation structures of dimming glass.
  • one electrode layer of a liquid crystal cell includes multiple electrode blocks, and each electrode block is controlled by a separate driving circuit, at this time, different regions of the dimming glass can have different transmittances.
  • the two electrode layers in each liquid crystal cell include multiple electrode blocks, and each electrode block is controlled by a separate driving circuit, it is also possible to realize that different regions of the dimming glass have different transmittances.
  • the working principles of the various implementation structures are the same, so they will not be repeated here.
  • it can also include a first alignment layer arranged on the side of the first electrode layer of the first liquid crystal cell close to the first liquid crystal layer, and a first alignment layer arranged on the first liquid crystal cell of the first liquid crystal cell.
  • the pretilt angles of the liquid crystal molecules in the third alignment layer and the fourth alignment layer are the same, and the pretilt angles of the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer relative to the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer are different by 90°.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned dimming glass.
  • the dimming glass includes two liquid crystal cells, namely a first liquid crystal cell and a second liquid crystal cell; and the first liquid crystal cell is The second electrode layer includes a plurality of electrode blocks, and the third electrode layer in the second liquid crystal cell includes a plurality of electrode blocks as an example for description.
  • the method may specifically include the steps of preparing the first liquid crystal cell, preparing the second liquid crystal cell, and connecting the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell.
  • the preparation steps of the first liquid crystal cell may specifically include the following steps S11 to S13.
  • the preparation steps of the second liquid crystal cell may specifically include the following steps S21 to S23.
  • a third electrode layer is formed on the third substrate, wherein the third electrode layer includes a plurality of bulk electrodes; and a plate-shaped fourth electrode layer is formed on the fourth substrate.
  • S22 Perform coating and rubbing processes of PI liquid on the third electrode layer and the fourth electrode layer, respectively, to form the third alignment layer and the fourth alignment layer.
  • sealant Seal glue
  • the third alignment layer and the fourth alignment layer Apply sealant (Seal glue) on one of the third alignment layer and the fourth alignment layer to mix the liquid crystal molecules with the dichroic dye molecules to form a black dye liquid crystal, which is dropped on the third alignment layer And the other of the fourth alignment layer; then the third substrate and the fourth substrate are opposed to each other to form a second liquid crystal cell.
  • the step of connecting the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell includes: bonding the second substrate of the first liquid crystal cell and the third substrate of the second liquid crystal cell through an adhesive layer to form a dimming glass.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a dimming glass.
  • the structure of the dimming glass is substantially the same as that in the above embodiments. The difference is that in the dimming glass in this embodiment, any two phases One substrate of one of the adjacent liquid crystal cells is shared with one substrate of the other.
  • the dimming glass includes two liquid crystal cells, which are divided into a first liquid crystal cell and a second liquid crystal cell. In this embodiment, the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell require three substrates (for example, transparent substrates). As shown in FIG. 4, the second substrate 21 in the first liquid crystal cell is simultaneously used as the third substrate 41 of the second liquid crystal cell.
  • the dimming glass in this embodiment omits a substrate (for example, the third substrate 41 of the second liquid crystal cell) and the first liquid crystal cell connected to the first substrate.
  • the adhesive layer 70 of the second substrate 21 and the first substrate 41 of the second liquid crystal cell therefore, the thickness of the dimming glass can be reduced and the cost can be reduced.

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Abstract

一种调光玻璃，调光玻璃包括至少一个液晶盒，每个液晶盒包括相对设置的两个基板（10，20）、以及夹设在两个基板（10，20）之间的液晶层（30）；其中，每个基板（10，20）包括基底、设置在基底的靠近液晶层的侧面上的电极层；至少一个液晶盒的至少一个电极层包括间隔设置的多个电极块，且每个电极块由单独的驱动电路控制。

Description

调光玻璃
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2019年5月24日提交的中国专利申请No.201910442144.5的优先权，该中国专利申请的内容通过引用的方式整体合并与此。
技术领域
本公开属于智能玻璃技术领域，具体涉及调光玻璃。
背景技术
目前，调光玻璃在建筑、交通领域的应用越来越广泛，现已有汽车、高铁、客机等领域对染料液晶调光玻璃感兴趣。现有智能玻璃市场中有PDLC(聚合物分散液晶)智能玻璃、电致变色智能玻璃等产品。PDLC智能玻璃只能实现透明与雾度切换，不遮光、不隔热；电致变色智能玻璃存在膜层工艺复杂、响应时间慢(8～20s)、暗态颜色偏蓝等问题。染料液晶调光玻璃利用液晶中二向色性染料分子对光的选择性吸收，实现亮态与暗态的切换，相较现有PDLC智能玻璃、电致变色智能玻璃，在黑态纯度、响应时间等光学性能上有大幅提升。但现有染料液晶调光玻璃只能实现黑态、亮态及灰阶状态的调节，并且只能进行整面调光。调光玻璃应用于火车等交通领域时，经常有同一块窗户对应不同的乘客，或者乘客对玻璃上下部分透光的需求不同，但目前调光玻璃无法满足这些应用的需求。
公开内容
本公开的实施例提供一种调光玻璃，包括至少一个液晶盒，每个液晶盒包括相对设置的两个基板、以及夹设在所述两个基板之间的液晶层；其中，
每个基板包括基底、设置在所述基底的靠近所述液晶层的侧面上的电极层；
至少一个液晶盒的至少一个电极层包括间隔设置的多个电极块，且每个所述电极块由单独的驱动电路控制。
在一些实施方式中，所述至少一个液晶盒包括：第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒；其中，
所述第一液晶盒包括相对设置的第一基板和第二基板、以及设置在第一基板和第二基板之间的第一液晶层，所述第二液晶盒包括相对设置的第三基板和第四基板、以及设置在第三基板和第四基板之间的第二液晶层，所述第一液晶盒的第二基板和所述第二液晶盒的第三基板叠层设置。
在一些实施方式中，所述第一液晶盒的第一基板包括第一基底、设置在第一基底的靠近第一液晶层的一侧的第一电极层、设置在第一电极层的靠近第一液晶层的一侧的第一取向层，所述第一液晶盒的第二基板包括第二基底、设置在第二基底的靠近第一液晶层的一侧的第二电极层、设置在第二电极层的靠近第一液晶层的一侧的第二取向层；其中，所述第一液晶层中的液晶分子相对于第一取向层和第二取向层的预倾角相同；
所述第二液晶盒的第三基板包括第三基底、设置在第三基底的靠近第二液晶层的一侧的第三电极层、以及设置在第三电极层的靠近第二液晶层的一侧的第三取向层，所述第二液晶盒的第四基板包括第四基底、设置在第四基底的靠近第二液晶层的一侧的第四电极层、以及设置在第四电极层的靠近第二液晶层的一侧的第四取向层；其中，第二液晶层中的液晶分子相对于第三取向层和第四取向层的预倾角相同，且与第一液晶层中的液晶分子相对于所述第一取向层和所述第二取向层的预倾角相差90°。
在一些实施方式中，每个液晶盒的至少一个电极层包括间隔设置的多个电极块；且不同的液晶盒中的各电极层的多个电极块的排布方式相同。
在一些实施方式中，所述至少一个液晶盒包括多个液晶盒，仅 一个液晶盒中的至少一个电极层包括间隔设置的多个电极块。
在一些实施方式中，每个电极层的所述多个电极块呈阵列排布。
在一些实施方式中，每个电极层的所述多个电极块沿行方向或列方向并排设置。
在一些实施方式中，所述液晶层包括染料液晶分子。
在一些实施方式中，所述液晶层中掺杂有手性添加剂。
在一些实施方式中，所述第一液晶盒的第二基底与所述第二液晶盒的第三基底共用。
附图说明
图1为本公开的实施例提供的调光玻璃的第一种情况的结构示意图；
图2为本公开的实施例提供的调光玻璃的第二种情况的结构示意图；
图3为本公开的实施例提供的调光玻璃的第三种情况的结构示意图；以及
图4为本公开的实施例提供的调光玻璃的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本领域技术人员更好地理解本公开的技术方案，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本公开的技术方案作进一步详细描述。
本公开的实施例提供一种调光玻璃，该调光玻璃包括至少一个液晶盒；每个液晶盒包括两个基板、以及夹设在两个基板之间的液晶层；其中，每个基板包括基底、以及位于基底的靠近液晶层的侧面上的电极层。在本实施例中，至少一个液晶盒中的至少一个电极层包括：间隔设置的多个电极块，且每个电极块由单独的驱动电路进行控制。
具体的，假若一个液晶盒中的一个电极层包括多个电极块，此时多个电极块则相当于将该液晶盒划分为多个区域，而每个电极块是通过单独的驱动电路进行控制的，这样一来，可以通过对不同的电极 块施加不同的电压，以使各个电极块和与之相对设置的电极层之间产生不同的电场，从而使得每个电极块所对应的液晶层中的液晶分子的偏转角度不同，进而使得液晶盒对应每个电极块的区域的透过率不同，即使得调光玻璃不同区域的透过率是不同的。当然，一个液晶盒的两个电极层中的每个电极层均可以包括多个电极块，此时应当注意的是，每个电极层中的每个电极块与另一电极层中的至少一个电极块至少部分重叠，此时按照上述方法，也可以实现调光玻璃不同区域的透过率不同。
当然，在本实施例中，也可以是多个液晶盒中的每个液晶盒的两个电极层中的至少一者包括多个电极块，且每个电极块通过不同的驱动电路进行控制，此时，对于每个液晶盒而言，其不同区域的透过率均是不同的，通过多个液晶盒的配合，可以实现对调光玻璃的不同区域的透过率更精准的控制。
在本实施例中，液晶层具体可以包括染料液晶，即包括液晶分子和掺杂的二向色性染料分子。
在本实施例中，液晶层中可以掺杂手性添加剂，此时可以降低调光玻璃暗态时的透过率，以及增加对比度。
结合图1至图3所示，本公开的实施例提供一种调光玻璃，其包括多个叠置的液晶盒；其中，每个液晶盒均包括两个基板、以及夹设在两个基板之间的液晶层；其中，每个基板包括基底、以及位于该基底的靠近液晶层的侧面上的电极层，其中，每个液晶盒中的两个电极层中的至少一者包括多个电极块，且每个电极块通过单独的驱动电路进行控制。
以下以调光玻璃包括两个液晶盒(分别为第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒)、且第一液晶盒中的一个电极层包括多个电极块、第二液晶盒中的一个电极层包括多个电极块为例进行说明。
作为本实施例中的第一种情况，调光玻璃被简单分区，如图1所示，调光玻璃中的第一液晶盒包括第一基板10、第二基板20、以及位于第一基板10和第二基板20之间的第一液晶层30，第一基板 10包括第一基底11、设置在第一基底11的靠近第一液晶层30的一侧的第一电极层12；第二基板20包括与第一基底11相对设置的第二基底21、设置在第二基底21的靠近第一液晶层30的一侧的第二电极层22；其中，第一液晶盒的第一电极层12为板状电极，第二电极层22包括沿行方向并排设置的多个电极块，具体可以如图1中所示第二电极层22包括左右排布的两个电极块；相应的，第二液晶盒包括第三基板40、第四基板50、以及设置在第三基底40和第四基板50之间的第二液晶层60，第三基板40包括第三基底41、设置在第三基底41的靠近第二液晶层60的一侧的第三电极层42；第四基板50包括与第三基底41相对设置的第四基底51、设置在第四基底51的靠近第二液晶层60的一侧的第四电极层52；其中，第二液晶盒的第三电极层42包括沿行方向并排设置的多个电极块，具体可以如图1中所示，第二液晶盒的第三电极层42包括左右排布的两个电极块；第四电极层52为板状电极。第一液晶盒中第二电极层22的两个电极块和第二液晶盒中第三电极层42的两个电极块一一对应，每个电极块通过单独的驱动电路控制；第一液晶盒的第二基底21和第二液晶盒的第三基底41之间通过粘结层70连接在一起。若将该种调光玻璃应用至车窗中，此时，对应调光玻璃左侧的乘客可以通过调整位于左侧电极块上的电压，以调整调光玻璃左侧区域的透过率，以满足左侧乘客的需求；相应的，对应调光玻璃右侧的乘客可以通过调整位于右侧电极块上的电压，以调整调光玻璃右侧区域的透过率，以满足右侧乘客的需求。
当然，第一液晶盒的第二电极层22中的电极块也可以不与第二液晶盒的第三电极层41中的电极块一一对应设置，根据调光玻璃的应用场景，也可以对第一液晶盒的第二电极层22中的电极块与第二液晶盒的第三电极41层中的电极块的对应关系进行调整。
作为本实施例中的第二种情况，调光玻璃可具有单个百叶窗结构，如图2所示，调光玻璃的第一液晶盒可包括第一基板10、第二基板20、以及设置在第一基板10和第二基板20之间的第一液晶层30，第一基板10包括第一基底11、设置在第一基底的靠近第一液晶 层30的一侧的第一电极层12；第二基板20包括与第一基底11相对设置的第二基底21、设置在第二基底21的靠近第一液晶层30的一侧的第二电极层22；；其中，第一液晶盒的第一电极层12为板状电极，第二电极层22包括多个呈沿列方向并排设置的多个电极块，具体可以如图2中所示第二电极层22包括上下排布的多个电极块；相应的，第二液晶盒可包括第三基板40、第四基板50、以及设置在第三基板40和第四基板50之间的第二液晶层60，第三基板40包括第三基底41、设置在第三基底41的靠近第二液晶层60的一侧的第三电极层42；第四基板50包括与第三基底41相对设置的第四基底51、设置在第四基底51的靠近第二液晶层60的一侧的第四电极层52；其中，第二液晶盒的第三电极层42包括多个呈沿列方向并排设置的多个电极块，具体可以如图2中所示第二液晶盒的第三电极层42包括上下排布的多个电极块；第四电极层52为板状电极。其中，第一液晶盒的第二电极层22的多个电极块和第二液晶盒的第三电极层42的多个电极块一一对应，每个电极块通过单独的驱动电路控制；第一液晶盒的第二基底21和第二液晶盒的第三基底41之间通过粘结层70连接在一起。这样一来，可以通过各驱动电路给与其对应的电极块施加相应的电压信号，以实现调光玻璃对应不同的电极块的位置的透过率是不同的，即调光玻璃沿其上下方向的各个区域的透过率不同，类似于百叶窗的效果。在此需要说明的是，第一液晶盒对应每个电极块的各个区域的灰阶是可以调的，即透过率是可调的，相应的第二液晶盒对应每个电极块的各个区域的灰阶也是可调的，即透过率也是可调的。
当然，第一液晶盒的第二电极层中的电极块也可以不与第二液晶盒的第三电极层中的电极块一一对应设置，根据调光玻璃的应用场景，也可以对第一液晶盒的第二电极层中的电极块与第二液晶盒的第三电极层中的电极块的对应关系进行调整。
作为本实施例中的第三种情况，调光玻璃可以具有多个百叶窗结构，调光玻璃中的第一液晶盒可以包括第一基板10、第二基板20、以及设置在第一基板10和第二基板20之间的第一液晶层30，第一 基板10可包括第一基底11、设置在第一基底11的靠近第一液晶层30的一侧的第一电极层12；第二基板20可包括与第一基底11相对设置的第二基底21、设置在第二基底21的靠近第一液晶层30的一侧的第二电极层22；其中，第一液晶盒的第一电极层12可以为板状电极，第二电极层22可以包括呈阵列排布的多个电极块，具体可以如图3中所示，第二电极层22包括呈阵列排布的多个电极块；相应的，第二液晶盒可以包括第三基板40、第四基板50、以及设置在第三基板40和第四基板50之间的第二液晶层60，第三基板40包括第三基底41、设置在第三基底41的靠近第二液晶层60的一侧的第三电极层42；第二基板50包括与第三基底41相对设置的第四基底51、设置在第四基底51的靠近第二液晶层60的一侧的第四电极层52；其中，第二液晶盒的第三电极层42包括呈阵列排布的多个电极块，具体可以如图3中所示第二液晶盒的第三电极层42包括阵列排布的多个电极块；第四电极层52为板状电极。第一液晶盒的第二电极层22的多个电极块和第二液晶盒的第三电极层42的多个电极块一一对应，每个电极块通过单独的驱动电路控制；第一液晶盒的第二基底21和第二液晶盒的第三基底41之间通过粘结层70连接在一起。这样一来，可以通过各驱动电路给与其对应的电极块施加相应的电压信号，以控制位于同一列的各个电极块上的电压不同，以使调光玻璃对应一列的不同电极块的位置的透过率不同，即调光玻璃对应一列电极块的区域类似一个百叶窗，对应多列电极块的区域则类似多个百叶窗；在实际应用中，调光玻璃的每个百叶窗区域的透过率可以相同也可以不同。在此需要说明的是，第一液晶盒对应每个电极块的各个区域的灰阶是可以调的，即透过率是可调的，相应的第二液晶盒对应每个电极块的各个区域的灰阶也是可调的，即透过率也是可调的。
当然，第一液晶盒的第二电极层中的电极块也可以不与第二液晶盒的第三电极层中的电极块一一对应设置，根据调光玻璃的应用场景，也可以对第一液晶盒的第二电极层中的电极块与第二液晶盒上的第三电极层中的电极块的对应关系进行调整。
在此需要说明是，以上只是给出几种具体调光玻璃的实现结构。 实际上，只要有一个液晶盒的一个电极层包括多个电极块，且每个电极块通过单独的驱动电路控制，此时都可以实现调光玻璃的不同区域具有不同的透过率。当然，每个液晶盒中的两个电极层均包括多个电极块、且每个电极块通过单独的驱动电路控制时，也可以实现调光玻璃的不同区域具有不同的透过率。各种实现结构的工作原理相同，故在此不再一一赘述。
当然，无论上述的哪一种调光玻璃，均还可以包括设置在第一液晶盒的第一电极层的靠近第一液晶层的侧面上的第一取向层、设置在第一液晶盒的第二电极层的靠近第一液晶层的侧面上的第二取向层、设置在第二液晶盒的第三电极层的靠近第二液晶层的侧面上的第三取向层、设置在第二液晶盒的第四电极层的靠近第二液晶层的侧面上的第四取向层；其中，第一液晶层中的液晶分子相对于第一取向层和第二取向层的预倾角相同，第二液晶层中的液晶分子相对于第三取向层和第四取向层的预倾角相同，且与第一液晶层中的液晶分子相对于第一取向层和第二取向层的预倾角相差90°。这样一来，在未施加电压时，第一液晶盒中的液晶分子和第二液晶盒中的液晶分子正交叠加，此时两个液晶盒中的液晶分子的吸收光的方向相互正交，根据马吕斯定律，入射光基本被全部吸收，调光玻璃呈现暗态。
相应的，本公开的实施例还提供了一种上述调光玻璃的制备方法，同样以调光玻璃包括两个液晶盒，分别为第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒；且第一液晶盒中的第二电极层包括多个电极块，第二液晶盒中的第三电极层包括多个电极块为例进行说明。该方法具体可以包括如下制备第一液晶盒的步骤、制备第二液晶盒的步骤、和将第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒连接的步骤
第一液晶盒的制备步骤具体可以包括如下步骤S11至S13。
S11、在第一基底上形成板状的第一电极层；在第二基底上形成第二电极层；其中，第二电极层包括多个块状电极。
S12、在第一电极层和第二电极层上分别进行PI液的涂覆、摩擦(Rubbing)工艺，以形成第一取向层和第二取向层。
S13、在第一取向层和第二取向层中的一者上涂覆封框胶(Seal胶)，将液晶分子与二向色性染料分子混合，形成黑色染料液晶，滴在第一取向层和第二取向层中的另一者上；之后将第一基底和第二基底相对盒，形成第一液晶盒。
第二液晶盒的制备步骤具体可以包括如下步骤S21至S23。
S21、在第三基底上形成第三电极层，其中，第三电极层包括多个块状电极；在第四基底上形成板状的第四电极层。
S22、在第三电极层和第四电极层上分别进行PI液的涂覆、摩擦(Rubbing)工艺，以形成第三取向层和第四取向层。
S23、在第三取向层和第四取向层中的一者上涂覆封框胶(Seal胶)，将液晶分子与二向色性染料分子混合，形成黑色染料液晶，滴在第三取向层和第四取向层中的另一者上；之后将第三基底和第四基底相对盒，形成第二液晶盒。
将第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒连接的步骤包括：将第一液晶盒的第二基底和第二液晶盒的第三基底通过粘结层贴合一起，以形成调光玻璃。
如图4所示，本公开的实施例还提供一种调光玻璃，该调光玻璃的结构与上述实施例中的大致相同，区别在于，本实施例中的调光玻璃中，任意两相邻的液晶盒中一者的一个基底与另一者的一个基底共用。同样以调光玻璃包括两个液晶盒，分为第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒为例。在本实施例中，第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒需要三个基底(例如透明基底)。如图4所示，第一液晶盒中的第二基底21同时用做第二液晶盒的第三基底41。可以看出的是，本实施例中的调光玻璃较上述实施例中的调光玻璃而言，省略了一个基底(例如第二液晶盒的第三基底41)和连接第一液晶盒的第二基底21和第二液晶盒的第一基底41的粘结层70，因此，可以将调光玻璃的厚度减薄，同时可以降低成本。
对于本实施例中的调光玻璃的其余结构，可以采用上述实施例中相同的结构，因此在本实施例中不再一一赘述。
可以理解的是，以上实施方式仅仅是为了说明本公开的原理而采用的示例性实施方式，然而本公开并不局限于此。对于本领域内的普通技术人员而言，在不脱离本公开的精神和实质的情况下，可以做出各种变型和改进，这些变型和改进也视为落入本公开的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种调光玻璃，包括至少一个液晶盒，每个液晶盒包括相对设置的两个基板、以及夹设在所述两个基板之间的液晶层；其中，每个基板包括基底、设置在所述基底的靠近所述液晶层的侧面上的电极层；
    至少一个所述液晶盒的至少一个电极层包括间隔设置的多个电极块，且每个所述电极块由单独的驱动电路控制。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的调光玻璃，其中，所述至少一个液晶盒包括：第一液晶盒和第二液晶盒；其中，
    所述第一液晶盒包括相对设置的第一基板和第二基板、以及设置在第一基板和第二基板之间的第一液晶层，所述第二液晶盒包括相对设置的第三基板和第四基板、以及设置在第三基板和第四基板之间的第二液晶层，所述第一液晶盒的第二基板和所述第二液晶盒的第三基板叠层设置。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的调光玻璃，其中，所述第一液晶盒的第一基板包括第一基底、设置在第一基底的靠近第一液晶层的一侧的第一电极层、设置在第一电极层的靠近第一液晶层的一侧的第一取向层，所述第一液晶盒的第二基板包括第二基底、设置在第二基底的靠近第一液晶层的一侧的第二电极层、设置在第二电极层的靠近第一液晶层的一侧的第二取向层；其中，所述第一液晶层中的液晶分子相对于第一取向层和第二取向层的预倾角相同；
    所述第二液晶盒的第三基板包括第三基底、设置在第三基底的靠近第二液晶层的一侧的第三电极层、以及设置在第三电极层的靠近第二液晶层的一侧的第三取向层，所述第二液晶盒的第四基板包括第四基底、设置在第四基底的靠近第二液晶层的一侧的第四电极层、以及设置在第四电极层的靠近第二液晶层的一侧的第四取向层；其中，第二液晶层中的液晶分子相对于第三取向层和第四取向层的预倾角 相同，且与第一液晶层中的液晶分子相对于所述第一取向层和所述第二取向层的预倾角相差90°。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的调光玻璃，其中，每个液晶盒的至少一个电极层包括间隔设置的多个电极块；且不同的液晶盒中的各电极层的多个电极块的排布方式相同。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的调光玻璃，其中，所述至少一个液晶盒包括多个液晶盒，仅一个液晶盒中的至少一个电极层包括间隔设置的多个电极块。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的调光玻璃，其中，每个电极层的所述多个电极块呈阵列排布。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的调光玻璃，其中，每个电极层的所述多个电极块沿行方向或列方向并排设置。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的调光玻璃，其中，所述液晶层包括染料液晶分子。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的调光玻璃，其中，所述液晶层中掺杂有手性添加剂。
  10. 根据权利要求2所述的调光玻璃，其中，所述第一液晶盒的第二基底与所述第二液晶盒的第三基底共用。
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