WO2020238396A1 - 一种基于冲击试验的熔断型挂钩装置及工作方法 - Google Patents

一种基于冲击试验的熔断型挂钩装置及工作方法 Download PDF

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WO2020238396A1
WO2020238396A1 PCT/CN2020/082490 CN2020082490W WO2020238396A1 WO 2020238396 A1 WO2020238396 A1 WO 2020238396A1 CN 2020082490 W CN2020082490 W CN 2020082490W WO 2020238396 A1 WO2020238396 A1 WO 2020238396A1
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fuse
control device
impact test
switch
laser signal
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PCT/CN2020/082490
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王步
毛校鹏
孙振月
毕铁川
宋宇
杨威
梁家琦
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长安大学
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Publication of WO2020238396A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020238396A1/zh

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M7/00Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
    • G01M7/08Shock-testing

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of impact testing, and specifically relates to a fuse type hook device based on an impact test and a working method.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above shortcomings and provide a fuse type hook device based on an impact test and a working method, which can eliminate the impact of various non-human factors of the hook on the falling weight and improve the test accuracy.
  • a fuse type hook device based on an impact test includes a fuse structure device, a control device and an attitude adjustment device;
  • the fuse structure device includes a transverse steel beam, a fuse is arranged under the transverse steel beam, the drop hammer can be fixed on the fuse, and the fuse is connected to the control device;
  • the control device is connected to the power supply, and a fuse switch is provided on the control device;
  • the posture adjustment device includes a lifting platform, and the top of the lifting platform is provided with a mechanical arm for grabbing the drop hammer.
  • the lower surface of the transverse steel beam is provided with memory metal, and the lower part of the memory metal is provided with a fuse.
  • Nitinol is used as the memory metal.
  • the melt material in the fuse is lead alloy.
  • the vertical steel beam of the fuse structure device is provided with a laser signal transmitter and a laser signal collector.
  • the laser signal transmitter points to the laser signal collector.
  • Both the laser signal transmitter and the laser signal collector are connected to the control device, and the control device is connected to the upper computer. .
  • the fuse can adjust the fusing current.
  • a warning switch and a warning light are arranged on the control device, and the warning switch is connected to the warning light.
  • the warning switch is a mechanical switch, and the fuse switch is a button switch.
  • the control device is connected with the fuse through the power supply line.
  • a bubble level is set on the drop hammer.
  • a working method of a fuse hook device based on an impact test includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 Grab the falling weight by the mechanical arm of the posture adjustment device, adjust the position of the lifting platform, install the falling weight on the fuse, and adjust the horizontal and vertical positions of the falling weight to place it in the test position.
  • Step two press the fuse switch to turn on the fuse, and the melt material in the fuse will continue to heat until it melts and breaks, causing the drop hammer to fall;
  • Step 3 When the falling hammer falls, record the falling time and speed of the falling hammer, and send the falling time and speed to the host computer through the control device.
  • the warning switch In the second step, before pressing the fuse switch, first press the warning switch to turn on the warning light 10, the warning light will light up and an audible warning will sound to remind the surrounding staff that the device is about to operate.
  • step three the calculation method of the time and speed of the falling weight is as follows:
  • the vertical steel beam is equipped with a laser signal transmitter and a laser signal collector.
  • the signal emitted by the laser signal transmitter is blocked.
  • the laser signal collector cannot collect information.
  • the control device calculates the time and speed of the falling hammer according to the interval of receiving the signal.
  • the present invention fixes the drop weight on the fuse at the designated position through the cooperation of the lifter of the attitude adjustment device and the mechanical arm, the fuse is fixed on the lower surface of the transverse steel beam, and the fuse on the control device
  • the switch controls the work of the fuse to make the falling weight fall to the designated test position; when the present invention is applied to the impact test, it can eliminate the impact of various non-human factors of the hook on the falling weight, such as device vibration, friction between devices, and more realistic Simulating the actual working conditions can reduce the test error, make the test results more accurate and true and credible.
  • the melt material in the fuse of the present invention is a lead alloy.
  • the lead alloy has a low melting point and is easy to fuse. The test can be started without waiting too long after the fuse is energized, and because of its high resistance, it can be made into A fuse with a larger cross-section can support a heavier drop hammer.
  • the present invention is provided with a laser signal transmitter and a laser signal collector.
  • the laser signal collector collects the signal, and can record the time when the falling hammer falls.
  • the present invention is provided with a warning switch and a warning light, which can prevent the switch from being touched by mistake, causing the operation of the device, and causing the falling hammer to cause danger.
  • the drop weight of the present invention is provided with a bubble level, and the levelness of the drop weight can be adjusted by the posture adjustment device.
  • the working method of the present invention installs the falling weight on the fuse directly above the test position through the attitude adjustment device, turns on the fuse to make the falling weight fall, and records the time and speed of the falling weight and sends it to the upper computer.
  • the process of falling weight and controlling the falling weight is completely mechanically operated, which avoids the influence of human factors on the test results, enables the test to simulate the real working conditions more realistically, and improves the test accuracy.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation of memory metal, fuse and drop weight in the present invention
  • the present invention is used in the study of impact load under axial compression, and includes a fuse structure device, a control device 8 and an attitude adjustment device;
  • the fuse structure device includes a transverse steel beam 6, a memory metal 1 is provided on the lower surface of the transverse steel beam 6, a fuse 2 is provided at the lower part of the memory metal 1, and a drop hammer 3 can be fixed on the fuse 2 to drop
  • the hammer 3 is provided with a bubble level, the fuse 2 is connected to the control device 8, and the fuse 2 can adjust the fusing current;
  • the vertical steel beam of the fuse structure device is provided with a laser signal transmitter 4 and a laser signal collector 5, laser
  • the signal transmitter 4 points to the laser signal collector 5, the laser signal transmitter 4 and the laser signal collector 5 are both connected to the control device 8, and the control device 8 is connected to the upper computer.
  • the control device 8 is connected to the power supply, the control device 8 is provided with a fuse switch 9, the control device 8 is provided with a warning switch 11 and a warning light 10, the warning switch 11 is connected to the warning light 10, and the control device 8 is connected to the fuse through the power supply line 7 2Connect.
  • the posture adjustment device includes a lifting platform 13, and the top of the lifting platform 13 is provided with a mechanical arm 12 for grabbing the drop hammer 3.
  • the memory metal 1 is a nickel-titanium alloy.
  • the melt material in the fuse 2 is a lead alloy.
  • the warning switch 11 is a mechanical switch
  • the fuse switch 9 is a button switch.
  • the working method of the present invention includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 Grab the falling weight 3 by the mechanical arm 12, adjust the position of the lifting platform 13, install the falling weight 3 on the fuse 2, and adjust the horizontal and vertical positions of the falling weight 3 to put it in the test Directly above the position;
  • Step two press the warning switch 11 to turn on the warning light 10, the warning light lights up and a sound warning is issued to remind the surrounding staff that the device is about to operate, press the fuse switch 9 to turn on the fuse 2, and the melt material in the fuse 2 continues Heat until it melts and breaks, so that the drop hammer 3 falls;
  • Step 3 When the falling weight 3 falls, the signal emitted by the laser signal transmitter 4 is blocked, and the laser signal collector 5 cannot collect information. When the falling weight 3 falls, the laser signal collector 5 collects the signal, and the control device is based on the received signal. In the interval, the time and speed of the falling weight 3 are calculated, and the falling time and speed are sent to the upper computer through the control device 8.

Abstract

一种基于冲击试验的熔断型挂钩装置,包括熔断构造装置、控制装置(8)和姿态调整装置;熔断构造装置包括横向钢梁(6),横向钢梁(6)下设置有熔断器(2),熔断器(2)上能够固定落锤(3),熔断器(2)连接控制装置(8);控制装置(8)连接电源,控制装置(8)上设置有熔断器开关(9);姿态调整装置包括升降台(13),升降台(13)的顶部设置有用于抓取落锤(3)的机械臂(12)。通过姿态调整装置的升降台(13)和机械臂(12)相配合,将落锤(3)固定在指定位置上的熔断器(2)上,熔断器(2)固定在横向钢梁(6)下表面,控制装置(8)上的熔断器开关(9)控制熔断器(2)工作,使落锤(3)落到指定试验位置。还公开了基于冲击试验的熔断型挂钩装置的工作方法,运用于冲击实验时,可以消除挂钩对落锤的各种非人为因素影响,例如装置振动,装置间摩擦作用,更真实的模拟实际工况,能够降低试验误差,使实验结果更加精确,且真实可信。

Description

一种基于冲击试验的熔断型挂钩装置及工作方法 技术领域
本发明属于冲击试验领域,具体涉及一种基于冲击试验的熔断型挂钩装置及工作方法。
背景技术
建筑物在使用过程中除了要承受静荷载外,还要承受动荷载。其中冲击荷载影响尤为重要,通常采用落锤冲击试验装置进行结构构件冲击荷载试验。
然而,现有的用于冲击试验的装置大多只是考虑装置的理想状态,而在实际工程中装置的理想状态基本是不存在的,这样严重影响了实际的试验结果的准确性。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述不足,提供一种基于冲击试验的熔断型挂钩装置及工作方法,能够消除挂钩对落锤的各种非人为因素影响,提高试验精度。
为了达到上述目的,一种基于冲击试验的熔断型挂钩装置包括熔断构造装置、控制装置和姿态调整装置;
熔断构造装置包括横向钢梁,横向钢梁下设置有熔断器,熔断器上能够固定落锤,熔断器连接控制装置;
控制装置连接电源,控制装置上设置有熔断器开关;
姿态调整装置包括升降台,升降台的顶部设置有用于抓取落锤的机械臂。
横向钢梁下表面设置有记忆金属,记忆金属的下部设置有熔断器。
记忆金属采用镍钛合金。
熔断器中的熔体材料采用铅合金。
熔断构造装置的竖向钢梁上设置有激光信号发射器和激光信号采集器,激光信号发射器指 向激光信号采集器,激光信号发射器和激光信号采集器均连接控制装置,控制装置连接上位机。
熔断器能够调整熔断电流。
控制装置上设置有警示开关和警示灯,警示开关连接警示灯。
警示开关采用机械开关,熔断器开关采用按钮开关。
控制装置通过供能线路与熔断器连接。
落锤上设置有气泡式水准器。
一种基于冲击试验的熔断型挂钩装置的工作方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一,通过姿态调整装置的机械臂将落锤抓起,调整升降台的位置,将落锤安装到熔断器上,并调整落锤的水平位置和竖直位置,使其置于试验位置的正上方;
步骤二,按动熔断器开关,开启熔断器,熔断器中的熔体材料持续加热直至融化后断裂,使落锤落下;
步骤三,落锤落下时,记录落锤下落的时间和速度,并将下落时间和速度通过控制装置发送至上位机。
步骤二中,按动熔断器开关前,首先按动警示开关开启警示灯10,警示灯亮起并发出声音示警,提示周围工作人员装置即将运行。
步骤三中,落锤下落的时间和速度的计算方法如下:
竖向钢梁上设置有激光信号发射器和激光信号采集器,落锤落下时,阻挡激光信号发射器发射的信号,激光信号采集器采集不到信息,当落锤下落后激光信号采集器采集到信号,控制装置根据接收到信号的间隔,计算出落锤下落的时间和速度。
与现有技术相比,本发明通过姿态调整装置的升降机和机械臂相配合,将落锤固定在指定位置上的熔断器上,熔断器固定在横向钢梁下表面,控制装置上的熔断器开关控制熔断器工作,使落锤落到指定试验位置;本发明在运用于冲击实验时,可以消除挂钩对落锤的各种非人为因 素影响,例如装置振动,装置间摩擦作用,更真实的模拟实际工况,能够降低试验误差,使实验结果更加精确,且真实可信。
进一步的,本发明熔断器中的熔体材料采用铅合金,铅合金的熔点低,容易熔断,在熔断器通电后不需要等太久就可以开始试验,而且由于其电阻较大,能够制作成截面较大的熔断器,支撑重量更大的落锤。
进一步的,本发明设置有激光信号发射器和激光信号采集器,当落锤下落时激光信号采集器采集到信号,就可以记录下落锤下落的时间。
进一步的,本发明设置有警示开关和警示灯,能够防止人为误触开关,造成装置运行,使落锤下落造成危险。
进一步的,本发明的落锤上设置有气泡式水准器,能够通过姿态调整装置对落锤的水平度进行调整。
本发明的工作方法通过姿态调整装置将落锤安装到试验位置的正上方的熔断器上,开启熔断器使落锤落下,并记录落锤下落的时间和速度发送至上位机,本发明在放置落锤和控制落锤下落的过程完全通过机械操作,避免了人为因素对试验结果的影响,使试验能够更加真实的模拟真实工况,提高了试验精度。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构示意图;
图2为本发明中记忆金属、熔断器和落锤的配合示意图;
其中,1、记忆金属;2、熔断器;3、落锤;4、激光信号发射器;5、激光信号采集器;6、横向钢梁;7、供能线路;8、控制装置;9、熔断器开关;10、警示灯;11、警示开关;12、机械臂;13、升降台。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步说明。
参见图1,本发明用于在轴压状态下,对冲击荷载的研究,包括熔断构造装置、控制装置8和姿态调整装置;
参见图1和图2,熔断构造装置包括横向钢梁6,横向钢梁6下表面设置有记忆金属1,记忆金属1的下部设置有熔断器2,熔断器2上能够固定落锤3,落锤3上设置有气泡式水准器,熔断器2连接控制装置8,熔断器2能够调整熔断电流;熔断构造装置的竖向钢梁上设置有激光信号发射器4和激光信号采集器5,激光信号发射器4指向激光信号采集器5,激光信号发射器4和激光信号采集器5均连接控制装置8,控制装置8连接上位机。
控制装置8连接电源,控制装置8上设置有熔断器开关9,控制装置8上设置有警示开关11和警示灯10,警示开关11连接警示灯10,控制装置8通过供能线路7与熔断器2连接。
姿态调整装置包括升降台13,升降台13的顶部设置有用于抓取落锤3的机械臂12。
优选的,记忆金属1采用镍钛合金。
优选的,熔断器2中的熔体材料采用铅合金。
优选的,警示开关11采用机械开关,熔断器开关9采用按钮开关。
本发明的工作方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一,通过机械臂12将落锤3抓起,调整升降台13的位置,将落锤3安装到熔断器2上,并调整落锤3的水平位置和竖直位置,使其置于试验位置的正上方;
步骤二,按动警示开关11开启警示灯10,警示灯亮起并发出声音示警,提示周围工作人员装置即将运行,按动熔断器开关9,开启熔断器2,熔断器2中的熔体材料持续加热直至融化后断裂,使落锤3落下;
步骤三,落锤3落下时,阻挡激光信号发射器4发射的信号,激光信号采集器5采集不到信息,当落锤3下落后激光信号采集器5采集到信号,控制装置根据接收到信号的间隔,计算 出落锤3下落的时间和速度,并将下落时间和速度通过控制装置8发送至上位机。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种基于冲击试验的熔断型挂钩装置,其特征在于,包括熔断构造装置、控制装置(8)和姿态调整装置;
    熔断构造装置包括横向钢梁(6),横向钢梁(6)下设置有熔断器(2),熔断器(2)上能够固定落锤(3),熔断器(2)连接控制装置(8);
    控制装置(8)连接电源,控制装置(8)上设置有熔断器开关(9);
    姿态调整装置包括升降台(13),升降台(13)的顶部设置有用于抓取落锤(3)的机械臂(12)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基于冲击试验的熔断型挂钩装置,其特征在于,横向钢梁(6)下表面设置有记忆金属(1),记忆金属(1)的下部设置有熔断器(2)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种基于冲击试验的熔断型挂钩装置,其特征在于,记忆金属(1)采用镍钛合金,熔断器(2)中的熔体材料采用铅合金。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基于冲击试验的熔断型挂钩装置,其特征在于,熔断构造装置的竖向钢梁上设置有激光信号发射器(4)和激光信号采集器(5),激光信号发射器(4)指向激光信号采集器(5),激光信号发射器(4)和激光信号采集器(5)均连接控制装置(8),控制装置(8)连接上位机。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基于冲击试验的熔断型挂钩装置,其特征在于,熔断器(2)能够调整熔断电流。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基于冲击试验的熔断型挂钩装置,其特征在于,控制装置(8)上设置有警示开关(11)和警示灯(10),警示开关(11)连接警示灯(10),警示开关(11)采用机械开关,熔断器开关(9)采用按钮开关。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基于冲击试验的熔断型挂钩装置,其特征在于,落锤(3)上设置有气泡式水准器。
  8. 权利要求1所述的一种基于冲击试验的熔断型挂钩装置的工作方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
    步骤一,通过姿态调整装置的机械臂(12)将落锤(3)抓起,调整升降台(13)的位置,将落锤(3)安装到熔断器(2)上,并调整落锤(3)的水平位置和竖直位置,使其置于试验位置的正上方;
    步骤二,按动熔断器开关(9),开启熔断器(2),熔断器(2)中的熔体材料持续加热直至融化后断裂,使落锤(3)落下;
    步骤三,落锤(3)落下时,记录落锤(3)下落的时间和速度,并将下落时间和速度通过控制装置(8)发送至上位机。
  9. 权利要求8所述的一种基于冲击试验的熔断型挂钩装置的工作方法,其特征在于,步骤二中,按动熔断器开关(9)前,首先按动警示开关(11)开启警示灯10,警示灯亮起并发出声音示警,提示周围工作人员装置即将运行。
  10. 权利要求8所述的一种基于冲击试验的熔断型挂钩装置的工作方法,其特征在于,步骤三中,落锤(3)下落的时间和速度的计算方法如下:
    竖向钢梁上设置有激光信号发射器(4)和激光信号采集器(5),落锤(3)落下时,阻挡激光信号发射器(4)发射的信号,激光信号采集器(5)采集不到信息,当落锤(3)下落后激光信号采集器(5)采集到信号,控制装置根据接收到信号的间隔,计算出落锤(3)下落的时间和速度。
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