WO2020237774A1 - 一种浮液吸收装置及其围栏和吸污系统 - Google Patents

一种浮液吸收装置及其围栏和吸污系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020237774A1
WO2020237774A1 PCT/CN2019/094576 CN2019094576W WO2020237774A1 WO 2020237774 A1 WO2020237774 A1 WO 2020237774A1 CN 2019094576 W CN2019094576 W CN 2019094576W WO 2020237774 A1 WO2020237774 A1 WO 2020237774A1
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Prior art keywords
floating
absorption
collection branch
floating liquid
tube
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PCT/CN2019/094576
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈大海
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深圳海洋卫士环保科技有限公司
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Application filed by 深圳海洋卫士环保科技有限公司 filed Critical 深圳海洋卫士环保科技有限公司
Publication of WO2020237774A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020237774A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
    • E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
    • E02B15/06—Barriers therefor construed for applying processing agents or for collecting pollutants, e.g. absorbent
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
    • E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
    • E02B15/10—Devices for removing the material from the surface
    • E02B15/101—Means floating loosely on the water absorbing the oil

Definitions

  • This application relates to water cleaning equipment, and more specifically to a floating liquid absorption device and its enclosure and dirt suction system.
  • pollutants such as oil spills, chemical liquids, etc.
  • pollutants float on the water surface, they are highly uncertain, spread quickly, and the polluted area is large and difficult to collect. Once contaminated, failure to intercept in time will cause more serious consequences.
  • the existing interception or absorption fence generally has fewer collection points and lower collection efficiency. After a large area is contaminated, the collection time is longer, and it is easy to form a second pollution, with disastrous consequences.
  • the purpose of this application is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a floating liquid absorption device and its enclosure and dirt suction system.
  • a floating liquid absorption device includes a floating body, a plurality of interconnected collection branch pipes arranged below the floating body, and an absorption tube arranged on one side of the collection branch pipe; the lower side of the floating body is connected with a fixed plate; the collection branch pipe is hinged to The fixed plate; the collection branch of the absorption tube is connected; one end of the collection branch is closed, and the other end is connected with the air source device.
  • the collection branch pipe and the floating body are arranged in parallel, and are fixed to each other by the provided connecting rod; the connecting rod is hinged with the fixed plate.
  • the further technical proposal is: a transition pipe is provided between the collection branch pipe and the absorption pipe; the two ends of the transition pipe are closed, one side of which is connected to the absorption pipe, and the other side is connected to the collection branch pipe.
  • the absorption pipes are all provided with pneumatic switches, and the air inlet ends of the pneumatic switches are in communication with each other; the air inlet ends of the pneumatic switches are in communication with the air source device through a pipe provided.
  • the end of the absorption tube is provided with a horn-shaped suction head, and the absorption tube is a hose; and the side of the horn-shaped suction head facing the water surface is evenly distributed with a plurality of suction ports.
  • the end of the absorption tube is provided with a blocking block that melts in contact with water; or, the end of the absorption tube is provided with a pressure sensor for detecting water pressure; the absorption tube is provided with a pneumatic switch; the pressure The sensor detects the set water pressure, and the pneumatic switch is turned on.
  • the fixed plate extends downward with a balance plate; the lower end of the balance plate is provided with a counterweight.
  • the collection branch pipes are connected through a connecting pipe provided; the connecting pipe is a soft pipe.
  • the upper end of the floating body is provided with a baffle; the floating body is in communication with the air source device.
  • the further technical solution is: a plurality of the collection branch pipes are connected with a collection main pipe; the collection main pipe is connected with a gas source device.
  • a dirt suction fence includes the above-mentioned several floating liquid absorbing devices, and the several floating liquid absorbing devices are connected in sequence to form a fence; the floating bodies of adjacent floating liquid absorbing devices are connected to each other by connecting pieces.
  • the further technical solution is that the collection main pipe is connected through a provided joint.
  • a sewage suction system includes the above-mentioned sewage suction fence, a recovery pump station for providing pressurized air and vacuum, and a hoisting mechanism for winding and storing the sewage suction fence; the recovery pump station and the hoisting mechanism are arranged on the shore or On board; the recovery pump station is a gas source device.
  • the floating liquid absorption device of the present application is provided with several collection branch pipes on one or both sides of the floating body, and the collection branch pipes are connected with several absorption pipes. So that the absorption tube absorbs the contaminated liquid on the water surface.
  • the application has a simple structure, can absorb contaminated liquid at multiple points, and improves the absorption efficiency.
  • the pollution absorption fence formed by the floating liquid absorption device can intercept and collect pollutants on the water, can adapt to a large area of polluted waters, has high interception and collection efficiency, and can effectively reduce secondary pollution.
  • the system formed by the dirt suction fence is easy to use, simple to transport and store.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic top view of a floating liquid absorption device of this application
  • Figure 2 is a schematic side view of a floating liquid absorption device of the present application
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a single side view of a floating liquid absorption device of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a horn-shaped suction head of a floating liquid absorption device according to the present application
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of a horn-shaped suction head of a floating liquid absorption device according to the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the horn-shaped suction heads of a floating liquid absorption device of this application being arranged at intervals;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a horn floating body of a floating liquid absorption device of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an absorption tube with a pneumatic switch of a floating liquid absorption device according to the present application.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an absorption tube with a blocking block of a floating liquid absorption device of the present application.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram and an enlarged view of a dirt suction fence of this application.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a sewage suction system of the present application.
  • FIGS 1 to 11 are drawings of embodiments of the present application.
  • a floating liquid absorption device Q please refer to Figs. 1 to 3, comprising a floating body 10, a plurality of interconnected collection branch pipes 11 arranged below the floating body 10, and an absorption pipe 12 arranged on one side of the collecting branch pipe 11.
  • a fixed plate 13 is connected to the lower side of the floating body 10.
  • the collection branch pipe 11 is hinged to the fixed plate 13.
  • the absorption pipe 12 and the collection branch pipe 11 communicate with each other.
  • One end of the collection branch pipe 11 is closed, and the other end is communicated with an air source device.
  • the collection branch pipe 11 and the floating body 10 are arranged in parallel, and are fixed to each other by a connecting rod 14 provided.
  • the connecting rod 14 is hinged to the fixed plate 13, and the connecting rod 14 and the floating body 10 are arranged transversely.
  • the two ends of the fixed plate 13 extend to both sides of the floating body 10, and the collection branch pipe 11 is fixed on both ends of the fixed plate 13.
  • the collection branch pipes 11 can be symmetrically arranged on the fixed plate 13 and are respectively located on both sides of the floating body 10.
  • the collection branch pipe 11 can also be arranged at one end of the fixed plate 13 and located on one side of the floating body 10.
  • the collection branch pipe 11 may be arranged on one side or both sides of the floating body 10.
  • the floating body 10 may be an air bag, foam, or the like.
  • the floating body 10 is a soft material product that has high toughness and can be folded and wound.
  • the airbag is inflated by the air source device during operation to increase the buoyancy of the entire device. Controlling the inflation of the airbag can control the buoyancy of the entire device. After the collection is completed, the gas in the airbag can be released and the airbag can be wound up.
  • a transition pipe 15 is provided between the collection branch pipe 11 and the absorption pipe 12.
  • the two ends of the transition pipe 15 are closed, one side of which is in communication with the absorption pipe 12 and the other side is in communication with the collection branch pipe 11.
  • the transition pipe 15 may be a buffer area between the collection branch pipe 11 and the absorption pipe 12, and a filter material may be installed.
  • the transition pipe 15 is filled with a lipophilic and hydrophobic material 28, such as filter cotton, filter cloth, felt, etc., so that the collected mixture is filtered.
  • a lipophilic and hydrophobic material 28 such as filter cotton, filter cloth, felt, etc.
  • the absorption tube 12 is provided with a pneumatic switch 16, and the air inlet ends of the pneumatic switch 16 are in communication with each other.
  • the air inlet end of the pneumatic switch 16 communicates with the air source device through a pipe 17 provided.
  • the pneumatic switch 16 is supplied with pressure gas, the pneumatic switch 16 is turned on, and then the absorption tube 12 can absorb the floating liquid.
  • the air inlet end of each pneumatic switch 16 is connected with the air source device. When pressure air is passed in, each pneumatic switch 16 can act simultaneously to make the absorption tube 12 conductive, which increases the automation level of the device.
  • the end of the absorption tube 12 is provided with a horn-shaped suction head 18, and the absorption tube 12 is a hose.
  • a plurality of suction ports 181 are uniformly distributed on the side of the horn-shaped suction head 18 facing the water surface.
  • the collecting end of the horn-shaped suction head 18 always floats on the water surface, and can collect the floating liquid with a low density and a small thickness floating on the water surface.
  • a horn-shaped suction head 18 with a larger diameter suction port 181 may be installed, and the absorption tube 12 may not be provided with a lipophilic and hydrophobic material 28; when the water surface is light oil, there may be multiple suction ports 181 , And the diameter can be set smaller, and the absorption tube 12 is provided with a lipophilic and hydrophobic material 28.
  • the outer edge of the side of the horn-shaped suction head 18 floating on the water surface is provided with a floating body 183 (such as plastic, foam, wood, etc.), so that the horn-shaped suction head 18 forms a cavity structure 182, and the suction port 181 is provided In the cavity structure 182.
  • a negative pressure is formed in the cavity structure 182 to suck up the pollutants on the water surface.
  • the absorption tube 12 is provided with a lipophilic and hydrophobic material 28 to separate the collected oil-water mixture.
  • the horn-shaped suction heads 18 are arranged on the absorption tube 12 at intervals, that is, half of the absorption tube 12 is a straight tube, and half is provided with a horn-shaped suction head 18, which can absorb different floating liquids. .
  • the dirt suction port 181 of the horn-shaped suction head 18 floats on the water surface to absorb the thin oil slick layer on the water surface.
  • the horizontal absorption tube 12 has greater absorption efficiency when the thickness of the floating liquid is large.
  • the air inlet ends of the pneumatic switch 16 of the absorber tube 12 with the horn-shaped suction head 18 communicate with each other, and the air inlet ends of the pneumatic switch 16 of the absorber tube 12 without the horn-shaped suction head 18 communicate with each other.
  • the two sets of pneumatic switches 16 are independently controlled and do not affect each other.
  • the pneumatic switch 16 of the absorption tube 12 without the horn-shaped tip 18 is turned on to absorb the floating liquid; when the thickness of the polluted floating liquid on the water surface becomes smaller, turn off the horn-shaped tip
  • the pneumatic switch 16 of the absorption tube 12 of 18, and the pneumatic switch 16 of the absorption tube 12 provided with the horn-shaped suction head 18 are turned on at the same time, so that the horn-shaped suction head 18 absorbs the floating liquid with a small thickness, which increases the absorption efficiency.
  • the end of the absorption tube 12 is provided with a blocking block 19 that melts in water.
  • the blocking block 19 can replace the pneumatic switch 16.
  • the plugging block 19 is made of materials that are soluble in water, such as gelatin, sodium hydroxide products, sodium chloride products, etc., and the plugging block 19 has a block structure when it is not wetted. When the entire device is placed on the water surface, and the blocking block 19 in the absorption tube 12 encounters water, the blocking block 19 will melt, and the absorption tube 12 will be connected to absorb the floating liquid on the water surface.
  • the blocking block 19 will not melt and the absorption tube 12 will not conduct, so as to prevent the absorption tube 12 from being emptied.
  • the end of the absorption tube 12 is provided with a pressure sensor 21 for detecting water pressure
  • the absorption tube 12 is provided with a pneumatic switch 16.
  • the pressure sensor 21 detects the set water pressure, and the pneumatic switch 16 is turned on to prevent a certain absorption tube 12 that is not immersed in the water surface or floating liquid from being emptied.
  • the pressure sensor 21 is arranged at the end of the absorption tube 12, after detecting the water pressure, the pressure sensor 21 sends a signal to the control center, and then the control center sends an instruction to the pneumatic switch 16 to turn it on to prevent the absorption tube 12 from being emptied.
  • the absorption tube 12 is specially provided with a channel 27 parallel to the pneumatic switch 16, and the pressure sensor 21 is provided on the channel 27. After the collection branch tube 11 is vacuumed, the role of water or floating liquid in the vacuum After the pressure is detected by the pressure sensor 21, the pneumatic switch 16 is controlled to turn on. The control is more precise and avoids affecting the operation of the pneumatic switch 16.
  • the pressure sensor 21 is arranged on an independent channel 27 to ensure that the absorption tube 12 is floating on the water surface.
  • the fixing plate 13 in order to make the device overturned on the water surface, the fixing plate 13 extends downward with a balance plate 22.
  • a counterweight 23 is provided at the lower end of the balance plate 22.
  • the balance plate 22 is arranged along the axial direction of the floating body 10, and when the floating body 10 receives forces from both sides, the balance plate 22 can keep the device from overturning.
  • the collection branch pipes 11 are connected through a connecting pipe 24 provided.
  • the connecting pipe 24 is a soft pipe, so that the collection branch pipe 11 can undergo a certain range of deformation to offset the impact of water waves.
  • the upper end of the floating body 10 is provided with a baffle 25 to prevent the floating liquid on the uncollected side from spreading to the collected side under the action of water waves.
  • the floating body 10 when the floating body 10 is an airbag, it communicates with an air source device. Before the start of collection, the air source device inflates the airbag as a buoyancy support for the entire device. After the collection or storage, the airbag is not inflated and is in a flat state for easy rolling.
  • a number of the collection branch pipes 11 are in communication with the collection main pipe 26 provided.
  • the main collection pipe 26 is in communication with a gas source device.
  • One end of the collection branch pipe 11 is gathered together and communicated with the collection main pipe 26, and the air source device generates a vacuum to suck away the polluted floating liquid.
  • the collecting branch pipe 11 communicates with the collecting main pipe 26 through a bellows 29 provided so that the liquid in the collecting branch pipe 11 can be collected to the collecting main pipe 26.
  • the bell tube 29 is a soft tube.
  • a dirt suction fence Q1 please refer to FIG. 10, including the above-mentioned several floating liquid absorbing devices Q, and several floating liquid absorbing devices Q are connected in sequence to form a fence Q1; floating bodies 10 of adjacent floating liquid absorbing devices Q They are connected to each other through the provided connecting pieces, and communicate with each other.
  • the collection main pipe 26 is connected through a connector Q4 provided.
  • a sewage suction system please refer to Figure 11, including the above-mentioned sewage suction fence Q1, a recovery pump station Q2 for providing pressure and vacuum, and a hoisting mechanism Q3 for winding and storing the sewage fence.
  • the recovery pump station Q2 and the hoisting mechanism Q3 are located on the shore or on the ship.
  • the recovery pump station Q3 is a gas source device. If the floating body 10 is an airbag, when the hoisting mechanism Q3 is retracted, the airbag is in a flat state where the air is released.
  • the floating liquid absorption device Q absorbs the polluted liquid floating on the water surface, and the recovery pump station Q3 recovers the mixture of polluted liquid and water in the collection main pipe 26.
  • the polluted liquid can be light oil, heavy oil, chemical liquid that floats on the water and is insoluble in water, and the like.
  • the floating liquid absorption device of the present application is provided with several collection branch pipes on one or both sides of the floating body, and the collection branch pipes are connected with several absorption pipes, and a vacuum is introduced in the collection branch pipe to make the absorption pipe pollute the water surface.
  • the liquid is absorbed.
  • the application has a simple structure, can absorb contaminated liquid at multiple points, and improves the absorption efficiency.
  • the pollution absorption fence formed by the floating liquid absorption device can intercept and collect pollutants on the water, can adapt to a large area of polluted waters, has high interception and collection efficiency, and can effectively reduce secondary pollution.
  • the system formed by the dirt suction fence is easy to use, simple to transport and store.

Abstract

一种浮液吸收装置（Q）及其围栏（Q1）和吸污系统。浮液吸收装置（Q）包括浮体（10），设于浮体（10）下方的若干个相互联通的收集支管（11），及设于收集支管（11）一侧的吸收管（12）；浮体（10）下侧联接有固定板（13）；收集支管（11）铰接于固定板（13）；吸收管（12）与收集支管（11）联通；收集支管（11）一端封闭，另一端与气源装置联通。浮液吸收装置能在多点对污染液体进行吸收，提高吸收效率。浮液吸收装置形成的吸污围栏，能对水上污染物进行拦截和收集，能适应大面积的污染水域，拦截和收集的效率高，能有效减少二次污染。吸污围栏形成的系统使用方便，运输存储简单。

Description

一种浮液吸收装置及其围栏和吸污系统
本申请是以申请号为201910471555.7、申请日为2019年5月31日的中国专利申请为基础，并主张其优先权，该申请的全部内容在此作为整体引入本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及水上清洁设备，更具体地说是指一种浮液吸收装置及其围栏和吸污系统。
背景技术
由于人类活动的频繁，海洋、河流、湖泊等受到的污染越来越严重，并且受到污染还会衍生出次污染。海洋、河流、湖泊等受到污染，大多数是因为水面上的漂浮物，特别是漂浮的液体，所以如何拦截、回收漂浮物成为世界难题。
由于污染物(如溢油、化学液体等)漂浮在水面，不定性强，扩散快，而且污染面积大，难于收集。一旦污染了，不及时的进行拦截会引起更加严重的后果。
而现有的拦截或者吸收围栏一般都是收集点较少，收集效率较低，在大面积受到污染后，收集时间较长，很容易形成第二次污染，后果不堪设想。
申请内容
本申请的目的在于克服现有技术的缺陷，提供一种浮液吸收装置及其围栏和吸污系统。
为实现上述目的，本申请采用以下技术方案：
一种浮液吸收装置，包括浮体，设于浮体下方的若干个相互联通的收集支管，及设于收集支管一侧的吸收管；所述浮体下侧联接有固定板；所述收集支管铰接于固定板；所述吸收管收集支管联通；所述收集支管一端封闭，另一端与气源装置联通。
其进一步技术方案为：所述收集支管与浮体并行设置，且通过设有的连接杆相互固定；所述连接杆与固定板铰接。
其进一步技术方案为：所述收集支管与吸收管之间设有过渡管；所述过渡管两 端封闭，其中一侧与吸收管联通，另一侧与收集支管联通。
其进一步技术方案为：所述吸收管均设有气动开关，且所述气动开关的进气端相互联通；所述气动开关的进气端通过设有的导管与气源装置联通。
其进一步技术方案为：所述吸收管的末端设有喇叭状吸头，且所述吸收管为软管；所述喇叭状吸头朝向水面一侧均布有若干个吸污口。
其进一步技术方案为：所述吸收管末端设有遇水融化的封堵块；或，所述吸收管末端设有用于检测水压的压力传感器；所述吸收管设有气动开关；所述压力传感器检测到设定的水压，所述气动开关开启。
其进一步技术方案为：所述固定板向下延伸有平衡板；所述平衡板下端设有配重件。
其进一步技术方案为：所述收集支管之间通过设有的连接管联通；所述连接管为软质管。
其进一步技术方案为：所述浮体上端设有挡板；所述浮体与气源装置联通。
其进一步技术方案为：若干个所述收集支管与设有的收集主管联通；所述收集主管与设有气源装置联通。
一种吸污围栏，包括上述的若干个浮液吸收装置，且若干个浮液吸收装置依次连接，以形成围栏；相邻的浮液吸收装置的浮体通过设有的连接件相互连接，且相互联通。
其进一步技术方案为：所述收集主管通过设有的接头联通。
一种吸污系统，包括上述的吸污围栏，用于提供压力气和真空的回收泵站，及用于缠绕收纳吸污围栏的卷扬机构；所述回收泵站、卷扬机构设于岸边或船上；所述回收泵站为气源装置。
本申请与现有技术相比的有益效果是：本申请浮液吸收装置在浮体的一侧或两侧设置若干个收集支管，并在收集支管联通若干个吸收管，通过在收集支管通入真空以使吸收管对水面的污染液体进行吸收。本申请结构简单，能在多点对污染液体进行吸收，提高吸收效率。
浮液吸收装置形成的吸污围栏，能对水上污染物进行拦截和收集，能适应大面积的污染水域，拦截和收集的效率高，能有效减少二次污染。
吸污围栏形成的系统，使用方便，运输和存储简单。
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本申请作进一步描述。
附图说明
图1为本申请一种浮液吸收装置的俯视示意图；
图2为本申请一种浮液吸收装置的侧视示意图；
图3为本申请一种浮液吸收装置的单侧视示意图；
图4为本申请一种浮液吸收装置的设有喇叭状吸头的示意图；
图5为本申请一种浮液吸收装置的设有喇叭状吸头的侧视示意图；
图6为本申请一种浮液吸收装置的喇叭状吸头间隔设置的示意图；
图7为本申请一种浮液吸收装置的喇叭浮体的结构示意图；
图8为本申请一种浮液吸收装置的带气动开关的吸收管示意图；
图9为本申请一种浮液吸收装置的带封堵块的吸收管示意图；
图10为本申请一种吸污围栏的示意图及其放大图；
图11为本申请一种吸污系统的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了更充分理解本申请的技术内容，下面结合具体实施例对本申请的技术方案进一步介绍和说明，但不局限于此。
如图1至图11本申请实施例的图纸。
一种浮液吸收装置Q，请参阅图1至3，包括浮体10，设于浮体10下方的若干个相互联通的收集支管11，及设于收集支管11一侧的吸收管12。浮体10下侧联接有固定板13。收集支管11铰接于固定板13。吸收管12与收集支管11相互联通。收集支管11一端封闭，另一端与气源装置联通。
其中，收集支管11与浮体10并行设置，且通过设有的连接杆14相互固定。连接杆14与固定板13铰接，且连接杆14与浮体10横向设置。固定板13两端延伸至浮体10的两侧，收集支管11固定在固定板13的两端。收集支管11可以在固定板13上对称设置，分别位于浮体10的两侧。收集支管11也可以设置在固定板13的一端，且位于浮体10的一侧。收集支管11可以设置在浮体10一侧或两侧。
收集支管11至少为一个，但是一般为了收集效率和增加整个装置的真空率，收 集支管11的个数为二个、三个或四个。
其中，浮体10可以为气囊、泡沫等。浮体10为韧性大，可以折叠收卷的软质材料制品。优选的为气囊，在工作的过程，气源装置给气囊充气，以增加整个装置的浮力。控制气囊的充气量，可以控制整个装置的浮力。收集完毕后，放掉气囊内的气体，可以对气囊收卷。
收集支管11与吸收管12之间设有过渡管15。过渡管15两端封闭，其中一侧与吸收管12联通，另一侧与收集支管11联通。过渡管15可以为收集支管11与吸收管12之间缓冲区域，可以安装过滤材料。
优选的，过渡管15内填充有亲油疏水材料28，如过滤棉、过滤布，毛毡等，以使得收集到混合物进行过滤。
优选的，吸收管12均设有气动开关16，且所述气动开关16的进气端相互联通。气动开关16的进气端通过设有的导管17与气源装置联通。在收集的过程中，气动开关16通入压力气，气动开关16打开，然后吸收管12能对浮液进行吸收。每个气动开关16的进气端都与气源装置联通，在通入压力气时，每个气动开关16能同时动作，使得吸收管12导通，增加本装置的自动化水平。
优选的，请参阅图4至7，吸收管12的末端设有喇叭状吸头18，且所述吸收管12为软管。喇叭状吸头18朝向水面一侧均布有若干个吸污口181。喇叭状吸头18收集端始终漂浮于水面上，能对密度较小且漂浮在水面上厚度较小的浮液进行收集。
当水面是重油时，装配具有直径较大吸污口181的喇叭状吸头18，且吸收管12可以不设置亲油疏水材料28；当水面是轻油时，吸污口181可以是多个，且直径可以设置较小，吸收管12设置有亲油疏水材料28。
具体的，喇叭状吸头18浮于水面的一侧的外边缘设有浮体183(如塑料、泡沫、木材等)，以使喇叭状吸头18形成凹腔结构182，且吸污口181设于凹腔结构182内。在进行吸污时，凹腔结构182内形成有负压，以对水面的污染物进行吸取。
在其他实施例中，请参阅图8至9，为了收集到的浮液纯度更加高，如浮液为轻油，吸收管12内设有亲油疏水材料28，以对收集油水混合物进行分离。
在其他实施例中，请参阅图6，喇叭状吸头18间隔设置在吸收管12上，即吸收管12一半是直管，一半设有喇叭状吸头18，可以对不同的浮液进行吸收。喇叭状吸头18的吸污口181漂浮于水面，以对水面较薄的浮油层进行吸收。水平的吸收管12在浮液厚度大的时候，水平的吸收管12具有更大吸收效率。在此种情况下，设置有喇叭状吸头18的吸收管12的气动开关16的进气端相互联通，没有设置有喇叭状吸头18的吸收管12的气动开关16的进气端相互联通，两组气动开关16独自控制，互不影响。在水面污染浮液厚度较大时，没有设置喇叭状吸头18的吸收管12的气动开关16打开，对浮液进行吸收；在水面污染浮液厚度变小时，关掉没有设置喇叭状吸头18的吸收管12的气动开关16，同时打开设置喇叭状吸头18的吸收管12的气动开关16，从而使得喇叭状吸头18对厚度较小的水面浮液进行吸收，这样增加吸收效率，适应不同的环境。
在其他实施例中，请参阅图9，为了结构的复杂性，吸收管12末端设有遇水融化的封堵块19。其中，封堵块19可以替代气动开关16。封堵块19为遇水即溶的材料做成，比如明胶、氢氧化钠制品、氯化钠制品等，在不沾水的情况下，封堵块19为块状结构。当整个装置放置在水面上，吸收管12内的封堵块19遇到水，封堵块19即会溶化，吸收管12导通，进而能吸收水面上的浮液。如果吸收管12由于某种情况不与水相遇，如吸收管12背向水面翘起，那么封堵块19不溶化，吸收管12不导通，避免吸收管12吸空的情况。
优选的，请参阅图8，吸收管12末端设有用于检测水压的压力传感器21，同时吸收管12设有气动开关16。压力传感器21检测到设定的水压，所述气动开关16开启，避免其中某个没有浸泡在水面或浮液中的吸收管12吸空。压力传感器21设置在吸收管12的末端，在检测到水压后，压力传感器21给控制中心发送信号，然后控制中心给气动开关16发送指令，使其开启，避免吸收管12吸空。
更加优化的，请参阅图9，吸收管12专门设置有与气动开关16并行的通道27，压力传感器21设置在通道27上，在收集支管11通入真空后，水或浮液在真空的作用下从通道27吸入，压力传感器21检测到压力后，进而控制气动开关16开启，控制更加精准，避免影响气动开关16的工作。压力传感器21设置在独立的通道27上，确保吸收管12浮于水面。
请参阅图1至3，为了使得本装置在水面上被倾覆，固定板13向下延伸有平衡板22。平衡板22下端设有配重件23。平衡板22沿浮体10的轴向设置，在浮体10受到两侧力时，平衡板22能保持装置不倾覆。
其中，收集支管11之间通过设有的连接管24联通。连接管24为软质管，使得收集支管11能发生一定范围的形变，抵消水浪的冲击。
优选的，浮体10上端设有挡板25，避免在水浪的作用下，未收集一侧的浮液扩散到已收集的一侧。其中，浮体10是气囊时，与气源装置联通。在收集开始前，气源装置向气囊充气，作为整个装置的浮力支撑，在收集完成后或储藏时，气囊内不充气体，处于扁平状态，以便于卷收。
若干个所述收集支管11与设有的收集主管26联通。收集主管26与设有气源装置联通。收集支管11的一端集合在一起并与收集主管26联通，气源装置产生真空将污染浮液吸走。
收集支管11通过设有的吼管29与收集主管26联通，使得收集支管11的液体能汇集到收集主管26。其中，吼管29为软质管。
一种吸污围栏Q1，请参阅图10，包括上述的若干个浮液吸收装置Q，且若干个浮液吸收装置Q依次连接，以形成围栏Q1；相邻的浮液吸收装置Q的浮体10通过设有的连接件相互连接，且相互联通。
其中，收集主管26通过设有的接头Q4联通。
一种吸污系统，请参阅图11，包括上述的吸污围栏Q1，用于提供压力气和真空的回收泵站Q2，及用于缠绕收纳吸污围栏的卷扬机构Q3。回收泵站Q2、卷扬机构Q3设于岸边或船上。回收泵站Q3为气源装置。如浮体10为气囊，则在卷扬机构Q3卷收时，气囊处于放掉气体，为平铺状态。
浮液吸收装置Q对水面上漂浮的污染液体进行吸收，回收泵站Q3对收集主管26内的污染液和水的混合物进行回收。
其中，污染液可以为轻油、重油、浮于水面且不溶于水的化学液体等。
综上所述，本申请浮液吸收装置在浮体的一侧或两侧设置若干个收集支管，并在收集支管联通若干个吸收管，通过在收集支管通入真空以使吸收管对水面的污染液体进行吸收。本申请结构简单，能在多点对污染液体进行吸收，提高吸 收效率。
浮液吸收装置形成的吸污围栏，能对水上污染物进行拦截和收集，能适应大面积的污染水域，拦截和收集的效率高，能有效减少二次污染。
吸污围栏形成的系统，使用方便，运输和存储简单。
上述仅以实施例来进一步说明本申请的技术内容，以便于读者更容易理解，但不代表本申请的实施方式仅限于此，任何依本申请所做的技术延伸或再创造，均受本申请的保护。本申请的保护范围以权利要求书为准。
发明概述
技术问题
问题的解决方案
发明的有益效果

Claims (10)

  1. 一种浮液吸收装置，其特征在于，包括浮体，设于浮体下方的若干个相互联通的收集支管，及设于收集支管一侧的吸收管；所述浮体下侧联接有固定板；所述收集支管铰接于固定板；所述吸收管与收集支管相互联通；所述收集支管一端封闭，另一端与气源装置联通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种浮液吸收装置，其特征在于，所述收集支管与浮体并行设置，且通过设有的连接杆相互固定；所述连接杆与固定板铰接。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种浮液吸收装置，其特征在于，所述收集支管与吸收管之间设有过渡管；所述过渡管两端封闭，其中一侧与吸收管联通，另一侧与收集支管联通。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种浮液吸收装置，其特征在于，所述吸收管均设有气动开关，且所述气动开关的进气端相互联通；所述气动开关的进气端通过设有的导管与气源装置联通。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种浮液吸收装置，其特征在于，所述吸收管的末端设有喇叭状吸头，且所述吸收管为软管；所述喇叭状吸头朝向水面一侧均布有若干个吸污口。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种浮液吸收装置，其特征在于，所述吸收管末端设有遇水融化的封堵块；
    或，
    所述吸收管末端设有用于检测水压的压力传感器；所述吸收管设有气动开关；所述压力传感器检测到设定的水压，所述气动开关开启。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种浮液吸收装置，其特征在于，所述固定板向下延伸有平衡板；所述平衡板下端设有配重件。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种浮液吸收装置，其特征在于，所述收集支管之间通过设有的连接管联通；所述连接管为软质管。
  9. 一种吸污围栏，其特征在于，包括权利要求1至8任一项所述的若干个浮液吸收装置，且若干个浮液吸收装置依次连接，以形成围栏；相邻的浮液吸收装置的浮体通过设有的连接件相互连接，且相互联通。
  10. 一种吸污系统，其特征在于，包括权利要求9所述的吸污围栏，用于提供压力气和真空的回收泵站，及用于缠绕收纳吸污围栏的卷扬机构；所述回收泵站、卷扬机构设于岸边或船上；所述回收泵站为气源装置。
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