WO2020231365A2 - Ultrasonic nozzle for anti-solvent assisted spray coating method - Google Patents
Ultrasonic nozzle for anti-solvent assisted spray coating method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2020231365A2 WO2020231365A2 PCT/TR2020/050260 TR2020050260W WO2020231365A2 WO 2020231365 A2 WO2020231365 A2 WO 2020231365A2 TR 2020050260 W TR2020050260 W TR 2020050260W WO 2020231365 A2 WO2020231365 A2 WO 2020231365A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- solvent vapor
- coated
- carrier gas
- ultrasonic nozzle
- onto
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
- B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
- B05B13/04—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation
- B05B13/0405—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation with reciprocating or oscillating spray heads
- B05B13/041—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation with reciprocating or oscillating spray heads with spray heads reciprocating along a straight line
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B17/00—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups
- B05B17/04—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods
- B05B17/06—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations
- B05B17/0607—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations generated by electrical means, e.g. piezoelectric transducers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
- B05B7/08—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point
- B05B7/0807—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets
- B05B7/0815—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets with at least one gas jet intersecting a jet constituted by a liquid or a mixture containing a liquid for controlling the shape of the latter
Definitions
- the invention relates to an ultrasonic nozzle to be used in a method for making film forming process at a single point and high speed by means of spray coating together with anti-solvent vapor and carrier gas to form thin polycrystalline films.
- perovskite thin films directly from the solution without using anti-solvent in a simpler manner by using spin coating method.
- chlorine and a small amount of iodide in a molar concentration under 25 %) can be used as a halogen source in these studies.
- Perovskite films can be obtained due to the high reactivity of chlorine.
- the wavelength at which the absorption of methyl ammonium-lead- chloride/iodide perovskite starts is in the visible region, it limits the solar cell device performance. The power conversion efficiencies cannot exceed 15 % even in the smallest devices.
- these solutions have started to be sold in the market (by the company called Ossila).
- the perovskite ink is for example coated by a desired method (for example spin coating) and is exposed to heat treatment (at 90 degrees Celsius during 2 hours).
- US2016008782 (A1), it comprises an ultrasonic device for producing a pharmaceutical agent or particles of another substance and a flow ultrasonic nozzle comprising an inner channel that is connected to the inlet for providing the flow of a fluid.
- the efficiency of the gases and solvents is low since they are not directed to the micro droplet beam and surface conically.
- the invention is an ultrasonic head and anti-solvent assisted spray coating method appropriate thereof which exceeds the state of the art, eliminates the disadvantages and has some additional features.
- the aim of the invention is to provide a new spray coating method in which the anti solvent interaction and spray coating are used together and to provide an ultrasonic nozzle.
- Another aim of the invention is to provide a new ultrasonic nozzle which enables the anti-solvent vapor to be delivered conically to the surface to be coated in the spray coating method.
- Another aim of the invention is to provide a new surface coating method with high coating efficiency at low cost.
- the ultrasonic nozzle can have any angle which can vary depending on the distance to the surface to be coated so as to direct the anti-solvent vapor and the carrier gas onto the surface to be coated by means of the guide channels.
- Another alternative of the invention is characterized in that; it is configured such that it performs coating in the X-Y plane by applying it on a slide and chassis system provided by means of motor and pistons so as to apply it on the surfaces to be coated in a serial manner and in a manner suitable to the automation.
- a coating method in which the invention is used characterized in that it comprises the following steps; sending the anti-solvent vapor and/or the carrier gas onto the surface to be coated through the axial clearance, transferring the anti-solvent vapor and/or carrier gas given from the lateral spaces into the interaction area in an angular manner through the guide channels within the air cap, directing the perovskite solution and pressurized nitrogen gas from the injector channel in the injector, coating the surface to be coated by the interaction of the solvent-anti- solvent in the interaction area of the solvent micro droplets and anti-solvent vapor formed as a result of the periodic movement in the ultrasonic head.
- Another alternative of the invention is characterized in that; the ultrasonic head moves on the chassis in X-Y directions so as to coat the surfaces in a fast manner and suitable to the automation.
- Another alternative of the invention is characterized in that; the ultrasonic head is hold; the chassis moves in X-Y directions.
- Another alternative of the invention is characterized in that; anti-solvent vapor is given through at least one of the axial clearances and lateral spaces onto the surface.
- Figure - 1 is a sectional view of the inventive ultrasonic nozzle.
- Figure - 2 is a representative view of the coating device which enables the ultrasonic nozzle to perform surface coating according to the automation.
- the ultrasonic nozzle (10) comprises one axial clearance (101) and a lateral space (102) on each lateral sides.
- both the conical coating profile is linearized and becomes more appropriate to mass production and pin holes that may occur on the surface to be coated (A) are reduced by means of realizing the solution-anti-solvent interaction in a place near to the surface.
- carrier gas and anti-solvent vapor or only carrier gas are transferred onto the surface (A) through the axial clearance (101).
- the carrier gas and the anti-solvent vapor are sprayed onto the surface by means of the guide channels (105) through the lateral spaces (102).
- at least one of the axial clearance (101) and lateral spaces (102) comprises anti solvent vapor. It does not matter which one among the axial clearance (101) and lateral spaces (102) will contain anti-solvent vapor.
- FIG 2 a representative view showing the condition in which the inventive ultrasonic head (10) is used in a coating device (1) suitable for automation is given.
- the surface to be coated (A) can be coated in a faster and automatic manner by the ultrasonic nozzle (10) which is connected to a chassis (11) and slide (12) mechanism moving in X-Y plane so as to make coating in a suitable manner for the automation and serial production.
- the slide (12) may perform linear motion on the chassis (11), simultaneously the ultrasonic head (10) located on the slide (12) may perform linear motion on the slide (12).
- Ultrasonic nozzle (10) is suitable for bidirectional automation.
Landscapes
- Special Spraying Apparatus (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention is an ultrasonic nozzle (10) to be used in a method for performing film forming process at a single point and high speed by means of using spray coating together with anti-solvent vapor and carrier gas which is a known method used for forming thin polycrystalline films, characterized in that; lateral spaces (102) on both sides where the anti-solvent vapor and/or the carrier gas entry is performed, an axial clearance (101) at its axis where perovskite solution (103) and the pressurized nitrogen gas are sprayed onto the surface to be coated (A), an air cap (104) which enables to transfer the anti-solvent vapor and the carrier gas coming from the lateral space (102) onto the surface to be coated (A) in a conical angular manner, guide channels (105) which guide the anti-solvent vapor and the carrier gas included in the air cap (104) in an angular manner onto the surface to be coated (A).
Description
ULTRASONIC NOZZLE FOR ANTI-SOLVENT ASSISTED SPRAY
COATING METHOD
Technological Field
The invention relates to an ultrasonic nozzle to be used in a method for making film forming process at a single point and high speed by means of spray coating together with anti-solvent vapor and carrier gas to form thin polycrystalline films.
State of the Art:
Although articles related to organo-lead-halide perovskite solar cells have increased significantly in the last 6 years, spin coating method is used in the majority of these studies (approximately 90 %). In most of these, single-step anti-solvent assisted method is used and higher efficiency is obtained compared to its two-step counterpart. In this manner, producing high quality films in small areas in a very simple manner is possible. Therefore, many different thin film formation parameters can be examined in the research scale, important contributions can be made to the literature and technology. For example, in a recent study made by Singh, et.al., stable and efficient solar cells are provided such that the fabrication of all layers thereof is performed in ambient conditions by spin coating one of the perovskite compositions consisting of three different cations. It is possible to encounter many similar studies in the literature. However, it is not possible to realize this on large surfaces by the spin coating method used in these studies.
In addition, it is possible to obtain perovskite thin films directly from the solution without using anti-solvent in a simpler manner by using spin coating method. However, only chlorine and a small amount of iodide (in a molar concentration under 25 %) can be used as a halogen source in these studies. Perovskite films can be obtained due to the high reactivity of chlorine. However, since the wavelength at which the absorption of methyl ammonium-lead- chloride/iodide perovskite starts is in the visible region, it limits the solar cell device performance. The power conversion efficiencies cannot exceed 15 % even in the smallest devices. Even, due to its ease of application, these solutions
have started to be sold in the market (by the company called Ossila). In this type of application, the perovskite ink is for example coated by a desired method (for example spin coating) and is exposed to heat treatment (at 90 degrees Celsius during 2 hours).
In this manner, polycrystalline structure is formed. On the other hand, spray-based methods suitable for industrial application is shown in the literature. In one of these studies (Barrows et al.), the aforementioned chloride perovskite was applied, the efficiency obtained from even the smallest apparatuses was limited again (11 %). The only difference of this study and a few similar studies from the above Ossila application was that they applied the same solvent by means of spray coating instead of spin coating. Subsequently, crystallization is again achieved by heat treatment.
In the US patent document numbered US5874029 (A) mentioned in the literature research conducted, a method and an apparatus which is useful for the production of micro particles and nanoparticles are disclosed in which in order to produce a mixture, a solvent and a compressed fluid and a solution are introduced into a nozzle. There is no statement in the document related to the use of anti-solvent vapor. The use of inert gas (carrier gas) is not mentioned.
In the literature research, in the US patent document numbered US2016008782 (A1), it comprises an ultrasonic device for producing a pharmaceutical agent or particles of another substance and a flow ultrasonic nozzle comprising an inner channel that is connected to the inlet for providing the flow of a fluid.
The efficiency of the gases and solvents is low since they are not directed to the micro droplet beam and surface conically.
As a result, an ultrasonic head and anti-solvent assisted spray coating method appropriate thereof which exceeds the state of the art, that eliminates the disadvantages are required.
Brief Description of the Invention
The invention is an ultrasonic head and anti-solvent assisted spray coating method appropriate thereof which exceeds the state of the art, eliminates the disadvantages and has some additional features.
The aim of the invention is to provide a new spray coating method in which the anti solvent interaction and spray coating are used together and to provide an ultrasonic nozzle.
Another aim of the invention is to provide a new ultrasonic nozzle which enables the anti-solvent vapor to be delivered conically to the surface to be coated in the spray coating method.
Another aim of the invention is to provide a new surface coating method with high coating efficiency at low cost.
In order to fulfill the above mentioned aims and aims achieved from the following description, the invention is an ultrasonic nozzle to be used in a method for performing film forming process at a single point and high speed by means of using spray coating together with anti-solvent vapor and carrier gas for forming thin polycrystalline films, characterized in that, it comprises, lateral spaces on both sides where the anti-solvent vapor and/or the carrier gas inlet is performed, an injector which sprays the perovskite solution and the pressurized nitrogen gas onto the surface to be coated, is located in the axial clearance, an injector channel which is at the central axis of said injector, through which perovskite solution and pressurized nitrogen gas are sprayed onto the surface to be coated, an axial clearance at its axis where anti-solvent vapor and/or the carrier gas inlet is realized and sprayed onto the surface, an air cap which enables to transfer the anti-solvent vapor and the carrier gas coming from the lateral space onto the surface to be coated in a linear manner, numerous guide channels which guide the anti-solvent vapor and the carrier gas included in the air cap in an angular manner onto the surface to be coated.
Another alternative of the invention is characterized in that; the ultrasonic nozzle can have any angle which can vary depending on the distance to the surface to be coated
so as to direct the anti-solvent vapor and the carrier gas onto the surface to be coated by means of the guide channels.
Another alternative of the invention is characterized in that; it is configured such that it performs coating in the X-Y plane by applying it on a slide and chassis system provided by means of motor and pistons so as to apply it on the surfaces to be coated in a serial manner and in a manner suitable to the automation.
A coating method in which the invention is used, characterized in that it comprises the following steps; sending the anti-solvent vapor and/or the carrier gas onto the surface to be coated through the axial clearance, transferring the anti-solvent vapor and/or carrier gas given from the lateral spaces into the interaction area in an angular manner through the guide channels within the air cap, directing the perovskite solution and pressurized nitrogen gas from the injector channel in the injector, coating the surface to be coated by the interaction of the solvent-anti- solvent in the interaction area of the solvent micro droplets and anti-solvent vapor formed as a result of the periodic movement in the ultrasonic head.
Another alternative of the invention is characterized in that; the ultrasonic head moves on the chassis in X-Y directions so as to coat the surfaces in a fast manner and suitable to the automation.
Another alternative of the invention is characterized in that; the ultrasonic head is hold; the chassis moves in X-Y directions.
Another alternative of the invention is characterized in that; anti-solvent vapor is given through at least one of the axial clearances and lateral spaces onto the surface.
Description of the Figures:
The invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, thus the characteristics of the invention will be understood clearly. However, the aim of this is not to limit the invention with such determined embodiments. On the contrary, it is aimed to cover all alternatives, amendments and
equivalents which may be contained in the field defined by the accompanying claims. It is to be understood that the details shown are only shown for the sake of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and presented for both illustrating the methods and for providing description of the rules of the invention and the conceptual features of the invention to be easily understood.
In these figures;
Figure - 1 is a sectional view of the inventive ultrasonic nozzle.
Figure - 2 is a representative view of the coating device which enables the ultrasonic nozzle to perform surface coating according to the automation.
The figures which enable to clarify this invention are enumerated as mentioned in the attached figure and they are given with their names herein below.
Description of the References:
I . Coating device
10. Ultrasonic nozzle
101. Axial clearance
102. Lateral space
103. Perovskite solution
104. Air cap
105. Guide channel
106. Injector
107. Injector channel
I I . Chassis
12. Slide
13. Piston
14. Motor
15. Hydraulic drive chamber
16. Ultrasonic generator
A. Surface to be coated
B. Interaction area
Description of the Invention:
In this detailed description, the inventive ultrasonic nozzle (10) and coating method accordingly are described by means of examples only for clarifying the subject matter such that no limiting effect is created. In the invention, an ultrasonic nozzle (10) to be used in a method for performing film forming process at a single point and high speed by means of using spray coating together with anti-solvent vapor and carrier gas which is a known method used for forming thin polycrystalline films is described.
In Figure 1 , the cross-sectional view of the ultrasonic nozzle (10) used in the inventive method is given. The ultrasonic nozzle (10) comprises one axial clearance (101) and a lateral space (102) on each lateral sides.
There is one injector (106) at the center of the axial clearance (101). There is an injector channel (107) in the central axis of the injector (106). Pressurized nitrogen gas perovskite solution (103) is sent onto the surface (A) to be coated through the injector channel (107). From the lateral spaces (102), the anti-solvent vapor and the carrier gas are sent onto the surface to be coated (A) in an angular manner by means of the guide channels (105) contained in the air cap (104). There are many guide channels (105) in the air cap (104) of the ultrasonic head (10), it is seen as one on the right and one on the left in the cross-sectional view of the figure. Thus, the micro droplets obtained as a result of the high frequency movements of the ultrasonic nozzle (10) are combined in an interaction area (B) close to the surface to be coated (A), both the conical coating profile is linearized and becomes more appropriate to mass production and pin holes that may occur on the surface to be coated (A) are reduced by means of realizing the solution-anti-solvent interaction in a place near to the surface. In the invention, carrier gas and anti-solvent vapor or only carrier gas are transferred onto the surface (A) through the axial clearance (101).
In the same way, the carrier gas and the anti-solvent vapor are sprayed onto the surface by means of the guide channels (105) through the lateral spaces (102). Here, at least one of the axial clearance (101) and lateral spaces (102) comprises anti solvent vapor. It does not matter which one among the axial clearance (101) and lateral spaces (102) will contain anti-solvent vapor.
In Figure 2, a representative view showing the condition in which the inventive ultrasonic head (10) is used in a coating device (1) suitable for automation is given. The surface to be coated (A) can be coated in a faster and automatic manner by the
ultrasonic nozzle (10) which is connected to a chassis (11) and slide (12) mechanism moving in X-Y plane so as to make coating in a suitable manner for the automation and serial production. The slide (12) may perform linear motion on the chassis (11), simultaneously the ultrasonic head (10) located on the slide (12) may perform linear motion on the slide (12).
These movements are enabled by means of the piston (13) and motors (14) located on the slide (12) and ultrasonic nozzle (10). A hydraulic drive chamber (15) provides fluid supply to the pistons (13). The operation of the ultrasonic nozzle (10) is ensured by an ultrasonic generator (16) and frequency values of the same for its operation may be adjusted. Any surface (A) to be positioned on the chassis (11) may be coated by means of engaging the ultrasonic nozzle (10) with a fixed element by moving the chassis (11). Ultrasonic nozzle (10) is suitable for bidirectional automation.
Claims
1- Ultrasonic nozzle (10) to be used in a method for performing film forming process at a single point and high speed by means of using spray coating together with anti-solvent vapor and carrier gas which is a known method used for forming thin polycrystalline films, characterized in that, it comprises the following;
-lateral spaces (102) on both sides where the anti-solvent vapor and/or the carrier gas entry is performed,
- an injector (106) which sprays the perovskite solution (103) and the pressurized nitrogen gas onto the surface to be coated (A), is located in the axial clearance (101),
- an injector channel (107) which is at the central axis of said injector (106), through which solution and pressurized nitrogen gas are sprayed onto the surface to be coated (A)
- an axial clearance (101) at its axis where anti-solvent vapor and/or the carrier gas entry is made and sprayed onto the surface (A),
- an air cap (104) which enables to transfer the anti-solvent vapor and the carrier gas coming from the lateral space (102) onto the surface to be coated (A) in a linear manner,
- numerous guide channels (105) which guide the anti-solvent vapor and the carrier gas included in the air cap (104) in an angular manner onto the surface to be coated (A).
2- Ultrasonic nozzle (10) according to claim 1 , characterized in that; the ultrasonic nozzle (10) may have any angle which may vary depending on the distance to the surface to be coated (A) so as to direct the anti-solvent vapor and the carrier gas onto the surface to be coated (A) by means of the guide channels (105).
3- Ultrasonic nozzle (10) according to claim 1 , characterized in that; it is configured such that it performs coating in the X-Y plane by applying it on a slide (12) and chassis (11) system provided by means of motor (14) and pistons (13) so as to apply it on the surfaces to be coated (A) in a serial manner and in a manner suitable to automation. 4- A coating method provided by an ultrasonic nozzle (10) to be used in a method for
performing film forming process at a single point and high speed by means of using spray coating together with anti-solvent vapor and carrier gas for forming thin polycrystalline films, characterized in that, it comprises the following;
- sending the anti-solvent vapor and/or the carrier gas onto the surface to be coated (A) through the axial clearance (101),
- transferring the anti-solvent vapor and/or carrier gas given from the lateral spaces (102) into the interaction area (B) in an angular manner through the guide channels (105) within the air cap (104),
-directing the solution and the pressurized nitrogen gas from the injector channel (107) in the injector (106),
- coating the surface to be coated (A) by the interaction of the solvent-anti-solvent in the interaction area (B) of the solvent micro droplets and anti-solvent vapor formed as a result of the periodic movement in the ultrasonic nozzle (10).
5- Ultrasonic nozzle (10) according to claim 3 and 5, characterized in that; the ultrasonic nozzle moves on the chassis (11) in X-Y directions so as to coat the surfaces (A) in a fast manner and in a manner suitable to the automation.
6- Ultrasonic nozzle (10) according to claim 3, characterized in that; the ultrasonic nozzle (10) is held and moves in X-Y directions of the chassis (11).
7- Ultrasonic nozzle (10) according to claim 3, characterized in that; anti-solvent vapor is given through at least one of the axial clearance (101) and lateral spaces (102) onto the surface (A).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TR2019/07107 | 2019-05-10 | ||
| TR2019/07107A TR201907107A2 (en) | 2019-05-10 | 2019-05-10 | AN ULTRASONIC HEAD FOR ANTISOLVENT ASSISTED SPRAY COATING METHOD |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2020231365A2 true WO2020231365A2 (en) | 2020-11-19 |
| WO2020231365A3 WO2020231365A3 (en) | 2021-01-07 |
Family
ID=73290294
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/TR2020/050260 WO2020231365A2 (en) | 2019-05-10 | 2020-04-01 | Ultrasonic nozzle for anti-solvent assisted spray coating method |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| TR (1) | TR201907107A2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2020231365A2 (en) |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007059144A1 (en) * | 2005-11-15 | 2007-05-24 | Surmodics, Inc. | Ultrasonic nozzles for applying two-component coatings |
| CA2880203C (en) * | 2008-07-16 | 2017-02-21 | Vln Advanced Technologies Inc. | Method and apparatus for prepping surfaces with a high-frequency forced pulsed waterjet using a rotatable nozzle |
| CN109148644B (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2020-08-04 | 苏州大学 | Gradient annealing and anti-solvent-based all-inorganic perovskite battery and preparation method thereof |
-
2019
- 2019-05-10 TR TR2019/07107A patent/TR201907107A2/en unknown
-
2020
- 2020-04-01 WO PCT/TR2020/050260 patent/WO2020231365A2/en active Application Filing
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TR201907107A2 (en) | 2020-11-23 |
| WO2020231365A3 (en) | 2021-01-07 |
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