WO2020224573A1 - 基于冠醚超分子捆绑银离子的多孔纳米镍网络结构、超电容电极及超级电容的制造方法 - Google Patents
基于冠醚超分子捆绑银离子的多孔纳米镍网络结构、超电容电极及超级电容的制造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 163
- -1 silver ions Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 150000003983 crown ethers Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 162
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910018661 Ni(OH) Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 40
- 229910003271 Ni-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010301 surface-oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 173
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 156
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229910021508 nickel(II) hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002048 multi walled nanotube Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- BFDHFSHZJLFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ni+2] BFDHFSHZJLFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007772 electroless plating Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 28
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 19
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 14
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Ni+2] VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000840 electrochemical analysis Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002071 nanotube Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003917 TEM image Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004833 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002484 cyclic voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 3
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002055 nanoplate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000026 X-ray photoelectron spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- RJTANRZEWTUVMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron;n-methylmethanamine Chemical compound [B].CNC RJTANRZEWTUVMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001453 impedance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 2
- FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N thionyl chloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)=O FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008364 bulk solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005234 chemical deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002482 conductive additive Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011262 electrochemically active material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- PQTCMBYFWMFIGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold silver Chemical compound [Ag].[Au] PQTCMBYFWMFIGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012621 metal-organic framework Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006262 metallic foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002073 nanorod Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002135 nanosheet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002070 nanowire Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001453 nickel ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
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Images
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/26—Electrodes characterised by their structure, e.g. multi-layered, porosity or surface features
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/84—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/84—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof
- H01G11/86—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof specially adapted for electrodes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
Definitions
- the specific capacitance of metal oxides has been greatly improved, and some materials can even approach their theoretical values, such as CO 3 O 4 and nickel foam on graphene/carbon fiber fabric On the Ni(OH) 2 .
- the thickness of the metal oxide layer is on the order of nanometers, resulting in a low mass load of the metal oxide on the current collector, usually less than 1 mg/cm 2 .
- Even if the specific capacitance of the metal oxide is very high, the mass of the metal oxide on the electrode is small, so the total capacitance of the electrode is usually very low.
- Today's commercial applications require electrodes with high metal oxide loading. Compared with the specific capacitance based on active materials, it is more important to evaluate the electrochemical performance of the entire electrode by the area ratio and volume ratio capacitance.
- a pioneering design is to synthesize porous nano-metal current conductors.
- the porous nano metal network has high conductivity and large surface area, which is beneficial to improve the specific capacitance and mass load of active materials.
- a typical example is nanoporous (NPG) formed by etching a gold-silver alloy film.
- NPG nanoporous
- the predecessors have successfully synthesized NPG and deposited Ni(OH) 2 and MnO 2 on nanoporous gold, respectively.
- Ni(OH) 2 (3168F/g) and MnO 2 (1145F/g) have high specific capacitance
- the electrodes of NPG@Ni(OH) 2 and NPG@MnO 2 also exhibit very high volume specific capacitance.
- Ni(OH)2 can be naturally produced into an active material during the charging process.
- Ni(OH) 2 electrodes with low conductivity or low surface area such as CNT@Ni(OH) 2 , CNT@Ni@Ni 2 (CO 3 )(OH) 2 nanotubes and Ni fiber@ Ni(OH) 2
- the Ni(OH) 2 outer porous nano-nickel electrode of this research work has high conductivity and large surface area. Since Ni(OH) 2 can be formed spontaneously, the problem of diffusion in nanopores is avoided, and therefore electrodes with very high area ratio and volume ratio capacitance can be manufactured.
- the electrode will be placed in a nitrogen environment at 350°C for curing for 20 minutes.
- a method for manufacturing supercapacitors using CNT@Ni@Ni(OH) 2 as the positive electrode and CNT@Ni-Fe@Fe 2 O 3 as the negative electrode.
- CNT@Ni@Ni(OH) 2 as the positive electrode
- CNT@Ni-Fe@Fe 2 O 3 as the negative electrode.
- Figure 4 (ab) SEM image of CNT@Ni board (a, front; b, cross section), (c) cyclic voltammetry spectrum of CNT@Ni board (illustration: sample photo of CNT@Ni board), (d) GCD spectrum, (e) electrochemical impedance spectrum, (f) cyclic voltammetry for long-term cycling test at 50mV/s (illustration: GCD line graph before and after long-term cycling test under 5mA/cm 2 condition);
- the oxidation rate of Ni will drop significantly, and only 13.1% of Ni is oxidized after 100 charge and discharge cycles. Because as the thickness of the Ni(OH) 2 layer gradually increases, the diffusion rate of OH- ions also gradually decreases, so the oxidation rate of Ni is greatly reduced. The oxidation of nickel also leads to a decrease in the coulombic efficiency of the electrode. After the GCD test, the coulombic efficiency after the first charge-discharge cycle is only 26.3%. As the oxidation rate of Ni decreases, the coulombic efficiency of the electrode increases. After the second cycle and the 100th cycle, the coulombic efficiency of the electrode improves, and increases to 87.6% and 98.4%, respectively.
- the volume-based electrode capacitance and the total weight-based electrode capacitance are 1232F/cm3 and 414.5F/g, respectively.
- the good electrochemical properties of the independent electrode can be attributed to the high electrical conductivity.
- the electrode resistance can be reduced from 3.4 ⁇ to 2.2 ⁇ .
- the internal resistance of the individual electrodes will gradually increase during the electrochemical test.
- the metal contact between CNT@Ni may be gradually damaged, resulting in unsatisfactory performance of the CNT@Ni electrode under long-term performance.
- the electrode In order to strengthen the contact bonding between CNT@Ni and connect them into a 3D metal network, the electrode will be placed in a nitrogen atmosphere at 350°C and cured for 20 minutes. After the curing process, the internal resistance of the electrode dropped to 1.5 ⁇ , indicating that the contact between CNT@Ni has been improved.
- the long-term cycling stability can be tested by continuous cyclic voltammetry, which was carried out 6000 cycles under the condition of 50mV/s ( Figure 4f).
- the device has an energy density of 12Wh/Kg (35mWh/cm3) based on the entire electrode.
- Another asymmetric supercapacitor uses c-CNT@Ni@Ni(OH) 2 as the positive electrode assembly for comparison.
- the supercapacitor has a capacitance of 4.24F/cm2 at a current density of 5mA/cm2, which corresponds to an energy density of 8.2Wh/Kg (23.7Wh/cm3).
- oxidized multi-walled carbon nanotubes were further modified by dibenzo[24]crown-8-CH2NH2 (DB24C8-CH2NH2).
- DB24C8-CH2NH2 dibenzo[24]crown-8-CH2NH2
- 102 mg of oxidized carbon nanotubes were suspended in 20 mL of dichloromethane solution containing 1 mL of thionyl chloride. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. Then add 42.5mg DB24C8-CH2NH2 in 5mL dichloromethane. The resulting mixture was further stirred overnight at room temperature. The solvent was removed, and the solid residue was washed with acetonitrile (20 mL ⁇ 3), water (20 mL ⁇ 5) and ethanol (20 mL ⁇ 5). The solid was vacuum dried to obtain 84.1 mg of black powder. Crown ether modified CNT is abbreviated as c-CNT herein.
- porous nano-nickel composite material has a higher specific capacity than ordinary activated carbon for supercapacitors.
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
Description
方案 | 电极材料 | 循环次数 | 初始质量比容量(mAh/g) |
A | 活性炭 | 750 | 1.72 |
B | 多孔纳米镍复合材料 | 750 | 2.25 |
Claims (10)
- 基于冠醚超分子捆绑银离子的多孔纳米镍网络结构的制造方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:S1、CNT通过浓酸活化后,CNT的表面产生了羟基和羧基;S2、AgNO3溶液中的银离子被CNT表面上的羧基吸附着,并引起CNT表面上镍原子的ELD过程;S3、利用二苯并[24]冠-8冠醚超分子捆绑银离子,催化合成了自生Ni(OH) 2外层的多孔纳米镍网络结构。
- 根据权利要求1所述的基于冠醚超分子捆绑银离子的多孔纳米镍网络结构的制造方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S2中,通过还原剂的浓度和溶液pH值的调节,在CNT表面合成了不同结构的纳米镍。
- 根据权利要求2所述的基于冠醚超分子捆绑银离子的多孔纳米镍网络结构的制造方法,其特征在于,通过加入更多的氨水把溶液的pH值调节至9时,加快了ELD反应,镍更可均匀地沉积在CNT的表面上。
- 根据权利要求3所述的基于冠醚超分子捆绑银离子的多孔纳米镍网络结构的制造方法,其特征在于,当还原剂的浓度超过1000ppm时,便能形成带有分支并互相连接的CNT@Ni。
- 根据权利要求3所述的基于冠醚超分子捆绑银离子的多孔纳米镍网络结构的制造方法,其特征在于,ELD过程通过超声波在45kHz辅助。
- 一种超电容电极的制造方法,其特征在于,将CNT@Ni通过液压方法下压制成坚固的多孔纳米镍网络板块,多孔纳米镍网络板块直接用作独立电极,所述CNT@Ni。
- 根据权利要求4所述的超电容电极的制造方法,其特征在于,CNT@Ni被高压紧密压实,密度大概为2.97g/cm 3。
- 根据权利要求5所述的超电容电极的制造方法,其特征在于,电极会放置在350℃下的氮气环境中固化20分钟。
- 根据权利要求6所述的超电容电极的制造方法,其特征在于,独立CNT@Ni带有小孔。
- 一种超级电容器的制造方法,其特征在于,采用CNT@Ni@Ni(OH) 2作为正极,CNT@Ni-Fe@Fe 2O 3作为负极,通过在CNT上依次沉积Ni和Fe,合成了CNT@Ni-Fe,并且通过在过氧化氢中表面氧化CNT@Ni-Fe进一步实现了CNT@Ni-Fe@Fe 2O 3。
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