WO2020224281A1 - 振动发声装置以及电子产品 - Google Patents

振动发声装置以及电子产品 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020224281A1
WO2020224281A1 PCT/CN2019/129767 CN2019129767W WO2020224281A1 WO 2020224281 A1 WO2020224281 A1 WO 2020224281A1 CN 2019129767 W CN2019129767 W CN 2019129767W WO 2020224281 A1 WO2020224281 A1 WO 2020224281A1
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Prior art keywords
coil
magnetic circuit
housing
vibration
circuit part
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PCT/CN2019/129767
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
毛东升
朱跃光
史德璋
马咪
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歌尔股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2020224281A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020224281A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to the technical field of electro-acoustic conversion, and more specifically, the utility model relates to a vibration and sound device and an electronic product.
  • the electromagnetic exciter of the screen sound device is usually divided into a resonant exciter and a direct drive exciter.
  • the direct drive exciter can directly drive the screen to vibrate. Compared with the resonant exciter, this vibration mode can reduce the energy loss in the vibration process.
  • Fig. 1 is a direct-drive exciter in the prior art.
  • the technical solution adopts a structural distribution mode in which an electromagnet 02 and a magnet 03 are placed opposite each other.
  • the electromagnet 02 is turned on and off, or the magnetic poles of the electromagnet 02 are switched. , So that the electromagnet 02 and the magnet 03 produce varying adsorption and repulsion.
  • the magnet 03 is fixed on the mobile phone screen 01, and the electromagnet 02 is fixed on the stationary part of the mobile phone, so that the mobile phone screen 01 can vibrate.
  • B is the equivalent magnetic induction intensity
  • H is the equivalent magnetic field intensity
  • S is the equivalent area of the interaction between the two permanent magnets.
  • Magnets are usually monolithic magnets, which have low magnetic field density, low magnetic field utilization, and low driving force for electronic products.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a new technical solution for the vibration and sound device.
  • a vibration and sound device includes: a vibration assembly, the vibration assembly includes a housing and a fixing member, the fixing member is arranged in the housing, the housing includes a screen and a back cover, the screen and/or the back cover As a vibrating part, the vibrating part is configured to be able to vibrate relative to the fixed part; a driving assembly, the driving assembly includes at least one coil and at least one Halbach magnet, the coil has a hollow area, the hollow area Surrounded by the wiring area of the coil, one of the coil and the Halbach magnet is fixedly connected to the housing, and the other is fixedly connected to the fixing member; the Halbach magnet forms a multilayer structure, and the Haier The Baker magnet is configured to form a magnetic field enhancement area on the side close to the coil, and the coil passes through the magnetic field enhancement area; the coil is in a parallel posture with respect to the vibrating part, and the loop end face of the coil faces For the Halbach magnet, the coil is configured to
  • the Halbach magnet includes a main magnetic circuit part and a side magnetic circuit part, the main magnetic circuit part and the side magnetic circuit part are located on different layers, and the side magnetic circuit part is arranged on the main magnetic circuit part.
  • the main magnetic circuit part is located between the side magnetic circuit part and the coil, a gap is formed in the middle of the side magnetic circuit part, and the magnetizing direction of the opposite side magnetic circuit part is parallel to The plane where the coil is located and the magnetizing direction is opposite, and the magnetizing direction of the main magnetic circuit part is perpendicular to the plane where the coil is located.
  • the magnetizing direction of the opposite side magnetic circuit part points to the gap
  • the magnetizing direction of the main magnetic circuit part points to the coil
  • the magnetizing direction of the opposite side magnetic circuit part is away from the gap, and the magnetizing direction of the main magnetic circuit part is away from the coil.
  • the side magnetic circuit parts there are an even number of the side magnetic circuit parts, and they are arranged opposite to each other around the gap.
  • the side magnetic circuit part has a ring structure.
  • the main magnetic circuit part and the side magnetic circuit part are independent of each other, there are multiple side magnetic circuit parts, and the multiple side magnetic circuit parts are independent of each other.
  • an auxiliary magnet is provided in the hollow area, and the auxiliary magnet and the main magnetic circuit partly repel each other.
  • a magnetic conductive material is arranged in the gap.
  • it further includes a first housing, the first housing having a dish-shaped structure with one end open, the Halbach magnet is located in the first housing, and the magnetic field enhancement area is located in the first housing The open side.
  • it further includes a second housing, the second housing being a dish-like structure with one end open, the coil is located in the second housing, and the open end of the first housing is connected to the second housing.
  • the open ends of the shell are opposite.
  • the first housing and the second housing are made of magnetically conductive materials.
  • a hollow structure is formed at a portion of the second housing corresponding to the hollow area.
  • an electronic product is provided.
  • the electronic products include:
  • the above-mentioned vibration and sound device and a product body
  • the fixing member is a part of the structure of the product body
  • the driving assembly is arranged in the product body.
  • the fixing member is a middle frame, PCB or side wall of the product body.
  • a magnetic field enhancement area is formed on the side of the Halbach magnet close to the coil, and the magnetic field in the area outside the magnetic field enhancement area is relatively weak, thereby effectively improving the driving force of the vibration and sound device.
  • Halbach magnets have a multilayer structure. In this way, the Halbach magnet forms a closed magnetic circuit in a three-dimensional space, and the magnetic induction intensity is higher.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a direct drive exciter in the prior art.
  • Fig. 2 is an exploded view of a driving assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a Halbach magnet according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of another Halbach magnet according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a drive assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 7 is a partial schematic diagram of an electronic product according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a vibration sounding device includes a vibration component and a driving component.
  • the vibration assembly includes a housing and a fixing part.
  • the fixing member is provided in the housing.
  • the housing includes a screen 18 and a back cover.
  • the screen 18 is arranged opposite to the back cover.
  • the screen and/or the back cover serve as a vibration part.
  • the vibrating part is a part of the housing for vibration and sound.
  • the vibrating part is configured to be able to vibrate relative to the fixing member; the following takes the screen 18 as an example for description.
  • the fixing part may be a fixed part in the electronic product applied to the sound generating device, or may be a fixed part configured separately.
  • the driving assembly includes at least one coil 15 and Halbach magnet 130.
  • the coil 15 is wound by a wire in one direction in a closed loop structure.
  • the coil 15 has a hollow area, and the surrounding of the hollow area is a wiring area of the coil.
  • the routing area of the coil 15 includes two straight edges along the long axis (as shown in A in FIG. 2) and two connecting edges for connecting the two straight edges.
  • the Halbach magnet 130 includes multiple parts with different magnetizing directions.
  • the magnetizing direction is the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 4, and the polarity of the end indicated by the arrow is N pole.
  • the Halbach magnet 130 forms a multilayer structure.
  • the multilayer structure refers to the formation of multiple layers perpendicular to the plane of the coil.
  • the Halbach magnet 130 is configured to form a magnetic field enhancement area on the side close to the coil 15, while the magnetic field strength is significantly reduced in other areas of the Halbach magnet 130.
  • the coil 15 passes through the magnetic field enhancement area, and the Halbach magnet 130 vibrates relative to the coil 15 in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the coil 15.
  • the plane of the coil 15 is parallel to the circular end surface of the coil. For example, at least one straight edge of the coil 15 passes through the magnetic field enhancement area.
  • the coil 15 is in a parallel posture with respect to the vibrating part (for example, the screen 18).
  • the annular end surface of the coil 18 faces the Halbach magnet 130.
  • the coil 15 is configured to pass an alternating current signal.
  • the energized wiring area passes through the magnetic field enhancement area.
  • the coil 15 and the Halbach magnet 130 generate an Ampere force in a direction perpendicular to the main body direction of the vibrating part.
  • the main body direction of the vibrating part is the extension direction of the main surface of the screen or the back cover.
  • the alternating current signal passed through the coil 18 makes the direction of the ampere force alternately and reversely, and the vibrating component receives the alternating ampere force transmitted by the driving component to make the vibrating part relative to The fixing member vibrates and produces sound.
  • a magnetic field enhancement area is formed on the side of the Halbach magnet 130 close to the coil 15, and the magnetic field outside the magnetic field enhancement area is relatively weak, thereby effectively improving the driving force of the vibration and sound device.
  • the Halbach magnet 130 has a multilayer structure. In this way, the Halbach magnet 130 forms a closed magnetic circuit in a three-dimensional space, and the magnetic induction intensity is higher.
  • the Halbach magnet 130 includes a main magnetic circuit part and a side magnetic circuit part.
  • the main magnetic circuit part and the side magnetic circuit part are located on different layers.
  • the side magnetic circuit part is provided on the main magnetic circuit part.
  • the side magnetic circuit part is fixed to the main magnetic circuit part by an adhesive.
  • the main magnetic circuit part is located between the side magnetic circuit part and the coil.
  • a gap 20 is formed in the middle of the side magnetic circuit part.
  • the magnetizing direction of the opposite side magnetic circuit part is parallel to the plane where the coil is located and the magnetizing direction is opposite.
  • the magnetizing direction of the main magnetic circuit part is perpendicular to the plane where the coil is located.
  • the magnetic field lines of the side magnetic circuit part are connected with the main magnetic circuit part by the gap 20. Or, the magnetic field lines of the main magnetic circuit part are connected with the side magnetic circuit part through the gap 20.
  • the main magnetic circuit part and the side magnetic circuit part are independent of each other. That is, the main magnet 14 and the side magnet 13 are independent of each other.
  • both the main magnet 14 and the side magnet 13 are bar magnets.
  • a plurality of the side magnetic circuit parts are independent of each other. That is, the plurality of side magnets 13 are independent of each other.
  • the Halbach magnet 130 is a magnet array formed by arranging a plurality of bar magnets with predetermined magnetizing directions. This arrangement makes the preparation of the Halbach magnet 130 easy.
  • the side magnetic circuit part has a ring structure.
  • a ring structure For example, circular ring, rectangular ring, elliptical ring, etc.
  • the side magnetic circuit portion is a ring-shaped side magnet 13. The magnetization direction of the side magnet 13 points to the gap 20 or away from the gap 20.
  • This structure can also form a magnetic field enhancement area on the side close to the coil.
  • the magnetizing direction of the opposite side magnetic circuit part points to the main magnetic circuit part.
  • the magnetizing direction of the main magnetic circuit part points to the coil 15.
  • the magnetic field enhancement area is located below the layer where the main magnetic circuit part is located.
  • the two straight sides of the coil 15 pass through the magnetic field enhancement area. The direction of the ampere force received by the two straight edges is the same.
  • the magnetic field lines of the Halbach magnet 130 are emitted by the main magnet 14 and point outwards to the two straight sides of the coil 15 respectively. After passing through the two straight sides, return to the respective side magnets 13 to form a closed magnetic circuit.
  • the lines of magnetic force are horizontal or approximately horizontal when passing through two straight sides.
  • the magnetizing direction of the opposite side magnetic circuit part is away from the main magnetic circuit part.
  • the magnetizing direction of the main magnetic circuit part is away from the coil 15.
  • the magnetic field enhancement area is also formed under the layer where the main magnet 14 is located.
  • the two straight sides of the coil 15 pass through the magnetic field enhancement area. The direction of the ampere force received by the two straight edges is the same.
  • the magnetic field lines of the Halbach magnet 130 are emitted by the side magnets 13 and respectively point inward to the two straight sides of the coil 15. After passing through the two straight edges, it returns to the main magnet 14 at the lower level, thereby forming a closed magnetic circuit.
  • the lines of magnetic force are horizontal or approximately horizontal when passing through two straight sides.
  • Both of the above two structures can form a magnetic field enhancement area under the layer where the main magnet 14 is located.
  • both side magnets 13 are bar magnets.
  • the main magnet 14 is a rectangular sheet magnet.
  • the two side magnets 13 are located on both sides of the gap 20 along the long axis.
  • the straight sides of the coil 15 are opposed to the two side magnets 13 respectively.
  • the four side magnets 13 are all bar magnets.
  • the main magnet 14 is a rectangular sheet magnet.
  • the four side magnets 13 are located above the main magnet 14.
  • the two longer side magnets 1 are parallel to the long sides of the main magnet 14.
  • the two shorter side magnets are parallel to the short sides of the main magnet 14.
  • the straight sides of the coil 15 respectively correspond to the two longer side magnets, and the two connecting sides of the coil 15 respectively correspond to the two shorter side magnets.
  • the magnetic field enhancement area formed by the Halbach magnet 130 has a greater magnetic induction intensity. The driving force of the vibration sound device is greater.
  • an auxiliary magnet 17 is provided in the hollow area of the coil 15.
  • the auxiliary magnet 17 and the main magnetic circuit part repel each other.
  • the position of the auxiliary magnet 17 corresponds to the gap 20.
  • the auxiliary magnet 17 is a bar magnet.
  • the lines of magnetic force reaching the bottom wall of the second housing 12 can be reduced, thereby enabling more lines of magnetic force to pass through the coil 15 (for example, the straight side of the coil 15) . In this way, the magnetic field lines will be more concentrated, and the magnetic induction intensity of the area where the coil 15 is located will be greater.
  • the vibration and sound device further includes a first housing 11.
  • the first housing 11 has a dish-like structure with one end open.
  • the dish-like structure surrounds and forms a cavity.
  • the Halbach magnet 130 is located in the first housing 11.
  • the main magnet 14 is close to the open end.
  • the magnetic field enhancement area is located on the open side of the first housing 11.
  • the open side is the open end side of the dish-like structure.
  • the Halbach magnet 130 is fixed in the first housing 11 by an adhesive.
  • the first housing 11 makes the Halbach magnet 130 form an integral structure. When assembling, the operator directly fixes the bottom wall of the first housing 11 to the housing or the fixing member. This makes the assembly of the Halbach magnet 130 easy.
  • the Halbach magnet 130 further includes a second housing 12. Similar to the first housing 11.
  • the second housing 12 has a dish-like structure with one end open.
  • the dish-like structure surrounds and forms a cavity.
  • the coil 15 is located in the second housing 12.
  • the end surface of the coil 15 is bonded in the second housing 12 by an adhesive.
  • One end surface of the coil 15 is opposed to the Halbach magnet 130.
  • the open end of the first housing 11 is opposite to the open end of the second housing 12.
  • an FPCB is also provided in the second housing 12.
  • the FPCB is connected to the coil 15.
  • the external circuit supplies power to the coil 15 through the FPCB.
  • the driving assembly of the vibration and sound device forms two independent parts, namely the first part 110 and the second part 120.
  • the first part 110 includes a first housing 11 and a Halbach magnet 130.
  • the second part 120 includes a second housing 12 and a coil 15. The open ends of the two parts face each other. In this way, the structure of the driving device is simple and the installation is easy.
  • the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 are made of magnetically conductive materials.
  • magnetically permeable materials include SPCC, low carbon steel and so on.
  • the magnetic conductive material can effectively reduce the magnetic leakage phenomenon, so that more magnetic lines of force can pass through the coil 15, which significantly improves the driving force of the vibration and sound device.
  • first housing 11 and the second housing 12 are both rectangular, and the sizes of the two open ends are the same or equivalent.
  • the lines of magnetic force can reach the side wall of the first housing 11 via the side wall of the second housing 12. It does not pass through the first casing 11 and the second casing 12. This arrangement can more effectively reduce the magnetic leakage phenomenon.
  • a hollow structure 16 is formed in a part of the second housing 12 corresponding to the hollow area of the coil 15.
  • the hollow structure 16 prevents the magnetic lines of force from passing through this part and directly reaching the side walls via the bottom wall of the second housing 12, so that more magnetic lines of force can pass through the coil 15.
  • the hollow structure 16 effectively improves the utilization rate of the magnetic field and improves the driving force of the vibration and sound device.
  • an electronic product is provided.
  • Electronic products can be but not limited to mobile phones, laptops, electronic watches, tablet computers, walkie-talkies, etc.
  • the electronic product includes the vibration and sound device provided by the present invention and the product body.
  • the screen 18 is arranged on the product body and used as a display screen of an electronic product.
  • the screen 18 can be arranged in a form such that one end is rotatably connected to the product body and the other end is freely movable; or, the screen 18 can also be made of a material with good elastic deformation ability, and the screen 18 is fixedly connected to the other end with one end.
  • the fixed part and the other end are arranged in a freely movable form. In this way, the screen 18 can vibrate relative to the product body.
  • a part of the structure of the product body can be used as the fixing member, and the drive assembly is arranged in the product body.
  • the first housing 11 and the Halbach magnet 130 are fixedly arranged on the screen 18, and the coil 15 and the second housing 12 are fixedly arranged on a part of the product body that is equivalent to a fixing member.
  • the ampere force generated by the driving component can drive the screen 18 to vibrate and produce sound. Because the electronic product provided by the present invention adopts the vibration and sound device provided by the present invention, it occupies less space in the thickness direction of the electronic product parallel to the screen 18, which is more conducive to making the electronic product thinner and meets the needs of electronic products. Lightweight design requirements.
  • the fixing member may be a structure such as a middle frame 19, a PCB, a side wall, etc. in the product body.
  • the main body of the product in order to install other electronic devices, the main body of the product is often equipped with structural components such as a partition plate and a middle frame 19.
  • a back cover is provided on the side of the middle frame 19 opposite to the screen 18.
  • These structural components have good structural stability in electronic products. On the one hand, they are used in case electronic devices, and on the other hand, they are used to protect electronic devices. Therefore, using such structural parts in the main body of the product as the fixing parts can increase the conversion rate of ampere force into vibration and improve the reliability of vibration.
  • the inner surface of the side wall of the product body can also serve as the fixing member.

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  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种振动发声装置以及电子产品。该振发声装置包括振动组件，振动组件包括外壳和固定件，固定件被设置在外壳内，外壳包括屏幕和后盖，屏幕和/或后盖作为振动部，振动部被配置为能相对于固定件振动；驱动组件，驱动组件包括至少一个线圈和至少一个海尔贝克磁体，线圈具有中空区域，中空区域的周围为线圈的走线区域，线圈和海尔贝克磁体中的一个与外壳固定连接，另一个与固定件固定连接；海尔贝克磁体形成多层结构，海尔贝克磁体被构造为在靠近线圈的一侧形成磁场增强区域，线圈穿过磁场增强区域。

Description

振动发声装置以及电子产品 技术领域
本实用新型涉及电声转换技术领域，更具体地，本实用新型涉及一种振动发声装置以及电子产品。
背景技术
屏幕发声技术越来越广泛地在电子终端中得到应用。屏幕发声装置的电磁激励器通常分为谐振式激励器和直驱式激励器。直驱激励器能够直接带动屏幕振动。相比与谐振式激励器，这种振动方式能够减少在振动过程的能量损耗。
图1是现有技术中的一种直驱式激励器，该技术方案采用一个电磁铁02和一个磁体03相对放置的结构分布方式，通过打开、关闭电磁铁02，或者切换电磁铁02的磁极，使得电磁铁02与磁体03之间产生变化的吸附、排斥作用。再将磁体03固定在手机屏幕01上，电磁铁02固定在手机中不动的部件上，从而能够使手机屏幕01产生振动。
在这种技术方案中，假定垂直方向位移是x，两磁体之间是吸引力，第一磁体和第二磁体之间有一个和位移相关的作用力F(x)。屏幕自身刚度的回复力为F(kmsx)，此时存在力平衡的状态
Figure PCTCN2019129767-appb-000001
在其电磁铁02的线圈通电后，两磁铁之间的磁场被扰动，因此电磁铁02与磁体03之间的作用力被打破平衡，例如：由于电流增强吸力的同向磁场，因此两个磁铁会有一个相互接近的趋势，同时屏幕会有一个反向的回复力，以及运动过程中一个阻尼力，因此运动方程是：
Figure PCTCN2019129767-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2019129767-appb-000003
其中B为等效磁感应强度，H为等效磁场强度，S为两永磁体之间相 互作用的等效面积。
磁铁通常为整块的磁铁，这种磁铁的磁场密度低，磁场利用率低，电子产品的驱动力小。
因此，需要提供一种新的技术方案，以解决上述技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种振动发声装置的新技术方案。
根据本发明的第一方面，提供了一种振动发声装置。该振动发声装置包括：振动组件，所述振动组件包括外壳和固定件，所述固定件被设置在所述外壳内，所述外壳包括屏幕和后盖，所述屏幕和/或所述后盖作为振动部，所述振动部被配置为能相对于所述固定件振动；驱动组件，所述驱动组件包括至少一个线圈和至少一个海尔贝克磁体，所述线圈具有中空区域，所述中空区域的周围为线圈的走线区域，所述线圈和所述海尔贝克磁体中的一个与所述外壳固定连接，另一个与所述固定件固定连接；所述海尔贝克磁体形成多层结构，所述海尔贝克磁体被构造为在靠近所述线圈的一侧形成磁场增强区域，所述线圈穿过所述磁场增强区域；所述线圈相对于所述振动部呈平行的姿态，所述线圈的环形端面朝向所述海尔贝克磁体，所述线圈被配置为能通入交变的电流信号，通电的所述走线区域穿过所述磁场增强区域，所述线圈与海尔贝克磁体之间产生方向垂直于所述振动部的主体方向的安培力；所述线圈内通入的交变的电流信号使所述安培力的方向交替反向变化，所述振动组件受到由所述驱动组件传递的交变的安培力以使所述振动部相对于所述固定件振动发声。
可选地，所述海尔贝克磁体包括主磁路部分和边磁路部分，所述主磁路部分和所述边磁路部分位于不同层，所述边磁路部分被设置在所述主磁路部分上，所述主磁路部分位于所述边磁路部分和所述线圈之间，在所述边磁路部分的中部形成间隙，相对的所述边磁路部分的充磁方向平行于所述线圈所在平面并且充磁方向相反，所述主磁路部分的充磁方向垂直于所述线圈所在平面。
可选地，相对的所述边磁路部分的充磁方向指向所述间隙，所述主磁 路部分的充磁方向指向所述线圈。
可选地，相对的所述边磁路部分的充磁方向背离所述间隙，所述主磁路部分的充磁方向背离所述线圈。
可选地，所述边磁路部分为偶数个，并且两两相对地设置在所述间隙的相对的周围。
可选地，所述边磁路部分为两个或者四个。
可选地，所述边磁路部分为环形结构。
可选地，所述主磁路部分与所述边磁路部分是相互独立的，所述边磁路部分为多个，多个所述边磁路部分是相互独立的。
可选地，在所述中空区域内设置有辅助磁体，所述辅助磁体与所述主磁路部分相互排斥。
可选地，在所述间隙内设置有导磁材料。
可选地，还包括第一壳体，所述第一壳体呈一端敞开的皿状结构，所述海尔贝克磁体位于所述第一壳体内，所述磁场增强区域位于所述第一壳体的敞开侧。
可选地，还包括第二壳体，所述第二壳体呈一端敞开的皿状结构，所述线圈位于所述第二壳体内，所述第一壳体的敞开端与所述第二壳体的敞开端相对。
可选地，所述第一壳体和所述第二壳体为导磁材料。
可选地，在所述第二壳体的与所述中空区域相对应的部位形成镂空结构。
根据本公开的另一个方面，提供了一种电子产品。该电子产品包括：
上述的振动发声装置；以及产品主体，所述固定件为所述产品主体的一部分结构，所述驱动组件设置在所述产品主体中。
可选地，所述固定件为所述产品主体的中框、PCB或侧壁。
根据本公开的一个实施例，在海尔贝克磁体靠近线圈的一侧形成磁场增强区域，而在磁场增强区域以外的区域的磁场相对较弱，从而有效地提高了振动发声装置的驱动力。
此外，海尔贝克磁体为多层结构。这样，海尔贝克磁体在三维空间内 形成闭合的磁路，磁感强度更高。
通过以下参照附图对本发明的示例性实施例的详细描述，本发明的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
被结合在说明书中并构成说明书的一部分的附图示出了本发明的实施例，并且连同其说明一起用于解释本发明的原理。
图1是现有技术中的一种直驱式激励器的结构示意图。
图2是根据本公开的一个实施例的驱动组件的分解图。
图3是根据本公开的一个实施例的驱动组件的结构示意图。
图4是根据本公开的一个实施例的海尔贝克磁体的剖视图。
图5是根据本公开的一个实施例的另一种海尔贝克磁体的剖视图。
图6是根据本公开的一个实施例的驱动组件的剖视图。
图7是根据本公开的另一个实施例的电子产品的局部示意图。
附图标记说明：
11：第一壳体；12：第二壳体；13：边磁铁；14：主磁铁；15：线圈；16：镂空结构；17：辅助磁体；18：屏幕；19：中框；20：间隙；110：第一部分；120：第二部分；130：海尔贝克磁体。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图来详细描述本发明的各种示例性实施例。应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。
以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。
在这里示出和讨论的所有例子中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它例子可以具有不同的 值。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
根据本公开的一个实施例，提供了一种振动发声装置。该振动发声装置包括振动组件和驱动组件。
振动组件包括外壳和固定件。所述固定件被设置在所述外壳内。所述外壳包括屏幕18和后盖。屏幕18与后盖相对设置。所述屏幕和/或所述后盖作为振动部。振动部即外壳的用于振动发声的部位。所述振动部被配置为能相对于所述固定件振动；下面以屏幕18为例进行说明。所述固定件可以是该发声装置所应用的电子产品中的某一固定部件，也可以是单独配置的固定的零件。
如图2所示，驱动组件包括至少一个线圈15和海尔贝克磁体130。例如，线圈15由导线沿一个方向绕制呈封闭的环形结构。所述线圈15具有中空区域，所述中空区域的周围为线圈的走线区域。线圈15的走线区域包括沿长轴(如图2中A所示)的两条直边和用于连接两条直边的两条连接边。
线圈15和海尔贝克磁体130中的一个与振动部固定连接，另一个与固定件固定连接。例如，线圈15与固定件连接，海尔贝克磁体130与屏幕18固定连接。线圈15在运行过程中会产生热量，由于线圈15未与屏幕18固定连接，故不会对屏幕18造成损伤。海尔贝克磁体130包括不同充磁方向的多个部分。充磁方向为如图4中箭头所指方向，其中箭头所指的端的极性为N极。通过设置各个部分的充磁方向能够使预定区域的磁场得到加强，即形成磁场增强区域。
在该例子中，海尔贝克磁体130形成多层结构。该多层结构是指垂直于线圈所在平面方向形成多层。海尔贝克磁体130被构造为在靠近线圈15的一侧形成磁场增强区域，而在海尔贝克磁体130的其他区域磁场强度显著降低。线圈15穿过磁场增强区域，海尔贝克磁体130相对于线圈15沿垂直于线圈15所在平面的方向振动。线圈15所在平面平行于线圈的环形 端面。例如，线圈15的至少一条直边穿过磁场增强区域。所述线圈15相对于所述振动部(例如，屏幕18)呈平行的姿态。所述线圈18的环形端面朝向所述海尔贝克磁体130。所述线圈15被配置为能通入交变的电流信号。通电的所述走线区域穿过所述磁场增强区域。所述线圈15与海尔贝克磁体130之间产生方向垂直于所述振动部的主体方向的安培力。例如，振动部的主体方向为屏幕或者后盖的主表面的延伸方向。
所述线圈18内通入的交变的电流信号使所述安培力的方向交替反向变化，所述振动组件受到由所述驱动组件传递的交变的安培力以使所述振动部相对于所述固定件振动发声。
在该例子中，在海尔贝克磁体130靠近线圈15的一侧形成磁场增强区域，而在磁场增强区域以外的区域的磁场相对较弱，从而有效地提高了振动发声装置的驱动力。
此外，海尔贝克磁体130为多层结构。这样，海尔贝克磁体130在三维空间内形成闭合的磁路，磁感强度更高。
在一个例子中，所述海尔贝克磁体130包括主磁路部分和边磁路部分.所述主磁路部分和所述边磁路部分位于不同层。所述边磁路部分被设置在所述主磁路部分上。例如，通过粘结剂将边磁路部分固定在主磁路部分上。所述主磁路部分位于所述边磁路部分和所述线圈之间。在所述边磁路部分的中部形成间隙20。相对的所述边磁路部分的充磁方向平行于所述线圈所在平面并且充磁方向相反。所述主磁路部分的充磁方向垂直于所述线圈所在平面。边磁路部分的磁力线由间隙20与主磁路部分衔接。或者是主磁路部分的磁力线经过间隙20与边磁路部分衔接。本领域技术人员可以根据实际需要设置磁场增强区域的位置。
例如，如图2、4所示，主磁路部分与边磁路部分是相互独立的。即主磁铁14和边磁铁13是相互独立的。例如，主磁铁14和边磁铁13均为条形磁铁。边磁路部分为多个。多个所述边磁路部分是相互独立的。即多个边磁铁13是相互独立的。在该例子中，海尔贝克磁体130为多个具有预定充磁方向的条形磁铁排列形成的磁铁阵列。这种设置方式使得海尔贝克磁体130的制备变得容易。
还可以是，边磁路部分为环形结构。例如，圆环形、矩形环状、椭圆形环状等。主磁路部分边磁路部分的下方。在该例子中，边磁路部分为环形的边磁铁13。边磁铁13的充磁方向指向间隙20或者背离间隙20。该结构同样能够在靠近线圈一侧形成磁场增强区域。
在一个例子中，如图4所示，相对的边磁路部分的充磁方向指向主磁路部分。主磁路部分的充磁方向指向线圈15。在该例子中，磁场增强区域位于主磁路部分所在层的下方。线圈15的两条直边穿过磁场增强区域。两条直边受到的安培力的方向相同。
具体地，海尔贝克磁体130的磁力线由主磁铁14发出，并分别向外指向线圈15的两条直边。在穿过两条直边后回到各自对应的边磁铁13，从而形成闭合磁路。磁力线在穿过两条直边时为水平方向或者近似水平方向。
在一个例子中，如图7所示，相对的边磁路部分的充磁方向背离主磁路部分。主磁路部分的充磁方向背离线圈15。在该例子中，磁场增强区域同样形成在主磁铁14所在层的下方。线圈15的两条直边穿过磁场增强区域。两条直边受到的安培力的方向相同。
具体地，海尔贝克磁体130的磁力线由边磁铁13发出，分别向内指向线圈15的两条直边。在穿过两条直边后回到位于下层的主磁铁14，从而形成闭合磁路。磁力线在穿过两条直边时为水平方向或者近似水平方向。
上述两种结构均能在主磁铁14所在层的下方形成磁场增强区域。
在一个例子中，边磁路部分为偶数个，并且两两相对地设置在间隙20的相对的周围。本领域技术人员可以根据实际需要设置边磁路部分的数量。
例如，边磁路部分为两个。如图2所示，两个边磁铁13均为条形磁铁。主磁铁14为矩形片状磁铁。两个边磁铁13位于间隙20沿长轴的两侧。线圈15的直边分别与两个边磁铁13相对。
还可以是，边磁路部分为四个。四个边磁铁13均为条形磁铁。主磁铁14为矩形片状磁铁。四个边磁铁13位于主磁铁14的上方。其中，两个较长的边磁铁1平行于主磁铁14的长边。两个较短的边磁铁平行于主磁铁14的短边。线圈15的直边分别与两个较长的边磁铁相对应，线圈15的两 条连接边分别与两条较短的边磁铁相对应。在该例子中，海尔贝克磁体130形成的磁场增强区域的磁感强度更大。振动发声装置的驱动力更大。
在一个例子中，如图7所示，在线圈15的中空区域内设置有辅助磁体17。辅助磁体17与主磁路部分相互排斥。辅助磁体17的位置与间隙20相对应例如，辅助磁体17为条形磁铁。在该例子中，由于辅助磁体17与主磁铁14排斥作用，故能够减少到达第二壳体12的底壁的磁力线，从而能够促使更多的磁力线经过线圈15(例如，线圈15的直边)。这样，磁力线会更加集中，线圈15所在区域的磁感强度更大。
在一个例子中，如图2-6所示，振动发声装置还包括第一壳体11。第一壳体11呈一端敞开的皿状结构。皿状结构包围形成腔体。海尔贝克磁体130位于第一壳体11内。主磁铁14靠近开口端。磁场增强区域位于第一壳体11的敞开侧。敞开侧即皿状结构的敞开端一侧。例如，通过粘结剂将海尔贝克磁体130固定在第一壳体11内。第一壳体11使得海尔贝克磁体130形成整体结构。在进行组装时，操作者直接将第一壳体11的底壁固定到外壳或者固定件上。这使得海尔贝克磁体130的装配变得容易。
在一个例子中，如图2-3、6-7所示，海尔贝克磁体130还包括第二壳体12。与第一壳体11类似。第二壳体12呈一端敞开的皿状结构。皿状结构包围形成腔体。线圈15位于第二壳体12内。例如，线圈15的端面通过粘结剂粘结在第二壳体12内。线圈15的一个端面与海尔贝克磁体130相对。第一壳体11的敞开端与第二壳体12的敞开端相对。在进行组装时，操作者直接将第二壳体12的底壁固定到外壳或者固定件上。这使得线圈15的装配变得容易。
例如，在第二壳体12内还设置有FPCB。FPCB与线圈15连接。外部线路通过FPCB向线圈15供电。
在该例子中，如图3所示，通过设置第一壳体11和第二壳体12，振动发声装置的驱动组件形成独立的两部分，即第一部分110和第二部分120。第一部分110包括第一壳体11和海尔贝克磁体130。第二部分120包括第二壳体12和线圈15。两部分的敞开端相对。这样，驱动装置的结构简单，安装容易。
在一个例子中，第一壳体11和第二壳体12为导磁材料。例如，导磁材料包括SPCC、低碳钢等。导磁材料能够有效地降低漏磁现象，从而使得更多的磁力线能够经过线圈15，这使得振动发声装置的驱动力显著提高。
例如，第一壳体11和第二壳体12均为矩形，且两个开口端的尺寸相同或者相当。磁力线能够经由第二壳体12的侧壁到达第一壳体11的侧壁。而不会穿过第一壳体11和第二壳体12。这种设置方式能够更有效地降低漏磁现象。
在一个例子中，如图6所示，在第二壳体12的与线圈15的中空区域相对应的部位形成镂空结构16。镂空结构16防止磁力线从该部位经过并经由第二壳体12的底壁直接到达侧壁，从而使得更多的磁力线能够经过线圈15。镂空结构16有效地提高了磁场利用率，提高了振动发声装置的驱动力。
根据本公开的另一个实施例，提供了一种电子产品。电子产品可以是但不局限于手机、笔记本电脑、电子手表、平板电脑、对讲机等。
如图7所示，该电子产品包括本发明提供的振动发声装置以及产品主体。所述屏幕18设置在所述产品主体上，用作电子产品的显示屏。所述屏幕18可以以一端可旋转的连接在产品主体上、另一端可自由移动的形式设置；或者，也可以采用具有良好弹性形变能力的材料制成屏幕18，屏幕18以一端固定连接在其它固定的部件上、另一端以可自由移动的形式设置。这样，所述屏幕18能够相对于产品主体产生振动。所述产品主体的一部分结构可以作为所述固定件，所述驱动组件则设置在所述产品主体内。例如，所述第一壳体11和海尔贝克磁体130固定设置在屏幕18上，所述线圈15和第二壳体12则固定设置在产品主体上相当于固定件的一个部件上。通过驱动组件产生的安培力，能够驱使屏幕18振动发声。本发明提供的电子产品因采用了本发明提供的振动发声装置，因此在电子产品的平行于屏幕18的厚度方向上占用的空间更少，更有利于将电子产品设计的更薄，满足电子产品轻薄化的设计需求。
在一个例子中，所述固定件可以为产品主体内的中框19、PCB、侧壁等结构。在产品主体中，为了安置其它电子器件，产品主体往往配置有隔 板、中框19等结构部件。在中框19的与屏幕18相背的一侧设置有后盖。这些结构部件在电子产品中具有良好的结构稳定性，一方面用于案子电子器件，另一方面用于保护电子器件。因此，将产品主体中的这类结构件作为所述固定件，能够提高安培力转化成振动的转化率，提高振动可靠性。产品主体的侧壁的内表面也可以作为所述固定件。
虽然已经通过例子对本发明的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解，以上例子仅是为了进行说明，而不是为了限制本发明的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解，可在不脱离本发明的范围和精神的情况下，对以上实施例进行修改。本发明的范围由所附权利要求来限定。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种振动发声装置，其特征在于：
    振动组件，所述振动组件包括外壳和固定件，所述固定件被设置在所述外壳内，所述外壳包括屏幕和后盖，所述屏幕和/或所述后盖作为振动部，所述振动部被配置为能相对于所述固定件振动；
    驱动组件，所述驱动组件包括至少一个线圈和海尔贝克磁体，所述线圈具有中空区域，所述中空区域的周围为线圈的走线区域，所述线圈和所述海尔贝克磁体中的一个与所述外壳固定连接，另一个与所述固定件固定连接；所述海尔贝克磁体形成多层结构，所述海尔贝克磁体被构造为在靠近所述线圈的一侧形成磁场增强区域，所述线圈穿过所述磁场增强区域；
    所述线圈相对于所述振动部呈平行的姿态，所述线圈的环形端面朝向所述海尔贝克磁体，所述线圈被配置为能通入交变的电流信号，通电的所述走线区域穿过所述磁场增强区域，所述线圈与海尔贝克磁体之间产生方向垂直于所述振动部的主体方向的安培力；
    所述线圈内通入的交变的电流信号使所述安培力的方向交替反向变化，所述振动组件受到由所述驱动组件传递的交变的安培力以使所述振动部相对于所述固定件振动发声。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的振动发声装置，其特征在于：所述海尔贝克磁体包括主磁路部分和边磁路部分，所述主磁路部分和所述边磁路部分位于不同层，所述边磁路部分被设置在所述主磁路部分上，所述主磁路部分位于所述边磁路部分和所述线圈之间，在所述边磁路部分的中部形成间隙，相对的所述边磁路部分的充磁方向平行于所述线圈所在平面并且充磁方向相反，所述主磁路部分的充磁方向垂直于所述线圈所在平面。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的振动发声装置，其特征在于：相对的所述边磁路部分的充磁方向指向所述间隙，所述主磁路部分的充磁方向指向所述线圈。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的振动发声装置，其特征在于：相对的所述边磁路部分的充磁方向背离所述间隙，所述主磁路部分的充磁方向背离所述线圈。
  5. 根据权利要求2-4中的任意一项所述的振动发声装置，其特征在于：所述边磁路部分为偶数个，并且两两相对地设置在所述间隙的相对的周围。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的振动发声装置，其特征在于：所述边磁路部分为两个或者四个。
  7. 根据权利要求2-4中的任意一项所述的振动发声装置，其特征在于：所述边磁路部分为环形结构。
  8. 根据权利要求2-4中的任意一项所述的振动发声装置，其特征在于：所述主磁路部分与所述边磁路部分是相互独立的，所述边磁路部分为多个，多个所述边磁路部分是相互独立的。
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的振动发声装置，其特征在于：在所述中空区域内设置有辅助磁体，所述辅助磁体与所述主磁路部分相互排斥。
  10. 根据权利要求2-4以及9中的任意一项所述的振动发声装置，其特征在于：在所述间隙内设置有导磁材料。
  11. 根据权利要求1-4中的任意一项所述的振动发声装置，其特征在于：还包括第一壳体，所述第一壳体呈一端敞开的皿状结构，所述海尔贝克磁体位于所述第一壳体内，所述磁场增强区域位于所述第一壳体的敞开侧。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的振动发声装置，其特征在于：还包括第二壳体，所述第二壳体呈一端敞开的皿状结构，所述线圈位于所述第二壳体内，所述第一壳体的敞开端与所述第二壳体的敞开端相对。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的振动发声装置，其特征在于：所述第一壳体和所述第二壳体为导磁材料。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的振动发声装置，其特征在于：在所述第二壳体的与所述中空区域相对应的部位形成镂空结构。
  15. 一种电子产品，其特征在于，包括：
    如权利要求1-14任意之一所述的振动发声装置；以及
    产品主体，所述固定件为所述产品主体的一部分结构，所述驱动组件设置在所述产品主体中。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的电子产品，其特征在于，所述固定件为所述产品主体的中框、PCB或侧壁。
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