WO2020125789A1 - 屏幕振动发声装置和电子产品 - Google Patents

屏幕振动发声装置和电子产品 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020125789A1
WO2020125789A1 PCT/CN2019/127241 CN2019127241W WO2020125789A1 WO 2020125789 A1 WO2020125789 A1 WO 2020125789A1 CN 2019127241 W CN2019127241 W CN 2019127241W WO 2020125789 A1 WO2020125789 A1 WO 2020125789A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
screen
coil
magnet
magnetic field
vibration
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/127241
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱跃光
刘春发
毛东升
史德璋
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歌尔股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2020125789A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020125789A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/02—Constructional features of telephone sets
    • H04M1/0202—Portable telephone sets, e.g. cordless phones, mobile phones or bar type handsets
    • H04M1/026—Details of the structure or mounting of specific components
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/16—Constructional details or arrangements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/16—Constructional details or arrangements
    • G06F1/1613—Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers
    • G06F1/1633—Constructional details or arrangements of portable computers not specific to the type of enclosures covered by groups G06F1/1615 - G06F1/1626
    • G06F1/1637—Details related to the display arrangement, including those related to the mounting of the display in the housing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/16—Constructional details or arrangements
    • G06F1/1613—Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers
    • G06F1/1633—Constructional details or arrangements of portable computers not specific to the type of enclosures covered by groups G06F1/1615 - G06F1/1626
    • G06F1/1684—Constructional details or arrangements related to integrated I/O peripherals not covered by groups G06F1/1635 - G06F1/1675
    • G06F1/1688—Constructional details or arrangements related to integrated I/O peripherals not covered by groups G06F1/1635 - G06F1/1675 the I/O peripheral being integrated loudspeakers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K9/00—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers
    • G10K9/12—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K33/00—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system
    • H02K33/18—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system with coil systems moving upon intermittent or reversed energisation thereof by interaction with a fixed field system, e.g. permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/02—Constructional features of telephone sets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/02—Constructional features of telephone sets
    • H04M1/03—Constructional features of telephone transmitters or receivers, e.g. telephone hand-sets

Definitions

  • the technical field of electronic products of the present invention in particular, relates to a screen vibration sound generating device and electronic products.
  • the sound-generating device is an important electroacoustic transducing element in electronic products, which is used to convert current signals into sound. With the rapid development of electronic products in recent years, the sound-generating devices used in electronic products have also been improved accordingly.
  • the principle used by the conventional sound-generating device for the handset of the mobile phone is that the diaphragm pushes the air to vibrate and sound.
  • the linear vibration motor uses a linear vibration motor to drive the screen to vibrate, as shown in Figure 1.
  • the linear vibration motor has a vibrator 01 connected to the spring 03.
  • the linear vibration motor has a housing 02 which encloses the vibrator 01, spring 03 and other components therein.
  • the motor case 02 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the mobile phone screen 04.
  • the vibrator 01 will vibrate, which in turn causes the spring 03 to elastically deform.
  • the vibration generated by the elastic deformation of the spring 03 is transmitted to the screen through the housing 02, and then the screen vibrates and sounds.
  • a person skilled in the art directly converts the existing linear vibration motor into a technical solution for screen sound generation, thereby realizing screen vibration sound generation.
  • the disadvantage of this technical solution is that the vibration generated by the vibrator 01 is transmitted to the entire motor through the spring 03, so that the motor and the housing 02 vibrate together.
  • the vibrator 01 resonates with the case 02 and the screen to drive the screen to vibrate and sound.
  • the vibrator of the vibration motor needs to generate vibration with a larger amplitude. Therefore, the vibration motor itself needs to occupy more space in the vibration direction of the vibrator, which is very disadvantageous for the design of the thin and light structure of the mobile phone.
  • the internal structure of the linear vibration motor is relatively complex and has many parts, which increases the difficulty of assembly and increases the cost of the product.
  • FIG. 2 Another technical solution adopted by those skilled in the art is shown in FIG. 2.
  • This technical solution adopts a structure distribution manner in which one electromagnet 05 and one magnet 06 are placed relative to each other, by opening and closing the electromagnet 05, or switching the electromagnet 05
  • the magnetic pole makes the electromagnet 05 and the magnet 06 have varying adsorption and repulsion effects. Then, the magnet 06 is fixed on the mobile phone screen 04, and the electromagnet 05 is fixed on the stationary parts of the mobile phone, so that the mobile phone screen 04 can be vibrated.
  • B is the equivalent magnetic induction strength
  • H is the equivalent magnetic field strength
  • S is the equivalent area of the interaction between the two permanent magnets.
  • this technical solution also has the problem of taking up more space, which is not conducive to the thin and thin structure design of the mobile phone.
  • the direction of the mutually attracting and repelling force between the magnets is affected by the axial direction of the coil and the magnetic pole direction of the magnet. Even a slight deviation of the magnetic poles will cause the two magnets to receive forces that are not perpendicular to the screen , Which in turn makes the screen vulnerable to vibration.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a new technical solution for screen vibration and sound.
  • a screen vibration sound generating device including:
  • a vibration component the vibration component includes a screen and a fixing member, the screen is configured to be able to vibrate relative to the fixing member;
  • a driving assembly includes at least one coil and at least one magnet, the coil is wound by a wire in one direction to form a closed ring structure, the middle of the coil has a through hole, and the surrounding of the through hole is the walking of the coil In the line area, the coil is fixedly connected to one of the screen or the fixing member, and the magnet is fixedly connected to one of the screen and the fixing member that is not fixedly connected to the coil;
  • the axis of the coil is parallel to the surface of the screen, the coil is in a vertical posture with respect to the screen, the magnet is located on one side of the coil, and the annular end face of the coil faces the magnet, so
  • the trace area includes a first trace area close to the screen and a second trace area away from the screen, and the trace directions of the first trace area and the second trace area are parallel to the trace area
  • On the surface of the screen at least one of the two routing areas passes through the magnetic field generated by the magnet, the coil is configured to pass an alternating current signal, and the energized routing area passes through the magnet
  • the generated magnetic field generates an ampere force between the coil and the magnet in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the screen;
  • the alternating current signal passed into the coil alternately reverses the direction of the ampere force, and the vibration component is subjected to the alternating ampere force transmitted by the drive component to make the screen relative to the The fixing parts vibrate and sound.
  • the driving assembly is configured to provide two magnets corresponding to one coil, the coil is disposed between the two magnets, and the two annular end faces of the coil face the two magnets respectively, A magnetic field is formed between the two magnets.
  • the magnetic pole direction of one of the magnets is: the N pole is close to the screen, and the S pole is far from the screen;
  • N pole is far from the screen, S pole is close to the screen;
  • a magnetic field is formed between the magnetic poles of the two magnets close to the screen, and the first routing area passes through the magnetic field; a magnetic field is formed between the magnetic poles of the two magnets far away from the screen, and the second The trace area passes through this magnetic field.
  • the magnet is a Halbach magnet
  • the side of the magnet near the coil corresponds to the side where the magnetic field of the Halbach magnet is enhanced.
  • At least one of the first routing area and the second routing area is facing the magnetic pole on the side where the magnetic field of the Halbach magnet is enhanced.
  • the driving assembly is configured to provide two of the coils corresponding to one of the magnets, the two of the coils are respectively located on both sides of the magnet, and the magnets form magnetic fields on both sides thereof.
  • At least two sets of drive assemblies are included.
  • the driving assembly includes a circuit board, the circuit board and the coil are electrically connected, and the circuit board and the coil are disposed on the same component of the vibration assembly.
  • an electronic product including:
  • the screen is provided on the product body, the fixing member is a part of the structure of the product body, and the driving assembly is provided in the product body.
  • the fixing portion is a middle frame or a side wall in the product body.
  • the space occupied by the screen sounding device is effectively reduced.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic side sectional view of a screen sounding technical solution in the prior art
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic side sectional view of a screen vibration sound-generating device provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic side sectional view of another screen vibration sound-generating device provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic side sectional view of another screen vibration sound-generating device provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic side sectional view of another screen vibration sound-generating device provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic side sectional view of another screen vibration sound-generating device provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic side sectional view of another screen vibration sound-generating device provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic side sectional view of another screen vibration sound-generating device provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic partial side cross-sectional view of an electronic product provided by the present invention.
  • the invention provides a screen vibration sound-generating device, which includes a vibration component and a driving component.
  • the vibration assembly includes a screen 11 and a fixing member 12.
  • the screen 11 is configured to vibrate relative to the fixing member 12.
  • the fixing member 12 may be a certain fixing member in the electronic device to which the sound-emitting device is applied, or may be a separately arranged fixed part.
  • the driving assembly includes at least one coil 21 and at least one magnet 22.
  • the coil 21 is wound by a wire in one direction to form a closed ring structure.
  • the center of the coil 21 has a through hole 211, and the periphery of the through hole is a routing area of the coil 21.
  • the wiring area refers to an area where the leads in the coil 21 actually pass, and the entire wiring area is in a ring shape.
  • the coil 21 is fixed to one of the screen 11 or the fixing member 12, and the magnet 22 is fixed to the screen 11 or the fixing member 12 where the coil 21 is not provided. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the coil 21 is fixedly connected to the screen 11, and the magnet 22 is fixedly connected to the fixing member 12.
  • the coil 21 in a closed ring shape has an axis.
  • the axis of the coil 21 is parallel to the surface of the screen 11.
  • the coil 21 is opposite to the screen 11 Take a vertical posture.
  • the magnet 22 is located on the side of the coil 21, the annular end face of the coil 21 faces the magnet 22, the axis of the coil 21 and the surface of the screen 11 are in a horizontal posture, and the magnet 22 is located on the left side of the coil 21.
  • the magnet 22 is located on the right side of the coil 21.
  • the routing area of the coil 21 includes a first routing area 212 close to the screen, and a second routing area 213 away from the screen.
  • the routing directions of the first routing area 212 and the second routing area 213 are parallel to the surface of the screen, and in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, routing is inward and outward along the paper surface form.
  • the magnet 22 can generate a magnetic field, and at least one of the first routing area 212 and the second routing area 213 passes through the magnetic field generated by the magnet 22. In this way, when an alternating current signal is passed into the coil 21, an ampere force can be generated between the coil 21 and the magnet 22.
  • the energized trace area passes through the magnetic field and can generate ampere force.
  • the magnet 22 Since the magnet 22 is disposed on the side of the coil 21, a part of the magnetic field generated by the magnet 22 can pass through the coil 21 in a direction parallel to the surface of the screen 11, thereby generating an ampere force in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the screen 11.
  • the direction of the generated ampere force also changes alternately and inversely.
  • Ampere force can be directly transmitted to the screen through the driving component. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the coil 21 can directly drive the screen 11 after receiving the ampere force. The above-mentioned ampere force will cause a relative displacement between the screen and the fixing member, thereby causing the screen to vibrate and sound relative to the fixing portion.
  • the screen vibration sound-generating device has a simpler structure and uses fewer parts.
  • the coil 21 and the magnet 22 are directly disposed on the screen 11 and the fixing member 12, respectively, which saves the housing, spring and other components compared with the prior art, reducing the complexity of the product structure degree.
  • the direct driving method of directly connecting the driving component and the vibration component simplifies the principle of driving the vibration of the screen, and the screen can directly generate vibration after being subjected to ampere force. This design method effectively improves the vibration conversion efficiency, without the need to cause resonance through the vibration of the vibrator to drive the screen vibration.
  • This design makes the amplitude that the screen can produce basically the same as the amplitude that the driving component can produce.
  • the space reserved for the driving component can be designed according to the performance requirements for the screen amplitude. There is no need to reserve a vibration space for the drive assembly that is significantly greater than the maximum amplitude of the screen.
  • the magnet 22 is provided on the side of the coil 21, and the magnet 22 and the coil 21 do not interfere with each other in the vibration path. Through this distributed design method, the space occupied by the vibration component in the vibration direction can also be reduced. In Fig. 3, the space occupied in the up and down directions is reduced.
  • the screen vibration sound-generating device not only reduces the parts and simplifies the structure, but also significantly reduces the space occupied by the driving component in the vibration direction, and is suitable for the thin and thin design requirements of mobile phones and other electronic products.
  • the driving assembly is configured to provide two magnets 22 corresponding to one coil 21, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.
  • the two magnets 22 are located on both sides of the coil 21 along the axial direction of the coil 21, the coil 21 is sandwiched between the two magnets 22, and the two annular end surfaces of the coil 21 are respectively Oriented two pieces of magnet 22.
  • a magnetic field is formed between the two magnets 22, and the first wiring area 212 and the second wiring area 213 of the coil 21 can pass through the magnetic field, thereby generating an ampere force between the magnet 22 and the coil 21.
  • the stability, symmetry, and strength of the magnetic field generated by the two magnets make the ampere force between the coil and the magnet stronger, and the direction of the ampere force is less prone to tilt, which makes the vibration effect of the screen more stable. Moreover, by providing two magnets, the magnetic field formed between the two magnets is more concentrated and stronger than the magnetic field formed by one magnet on the side close to the coil, and the magnetic field generated by the magnet is effectively utilized.
  • the part that can cause the coil 21 to generate an ampere force that moves upward or downward is the upper and lower sections of the coil 21 (that is, the hatching in FIGS. 1-4 part). Therefore, in order to improve the utilization rate of the magnetic field, the magnetic field should be passed through the above-mentioned two-stage wiring area as much as possible.
  • the present invention provides a preferred implementation of magnetic circuit distribution when two magnets 22 are used.
  • its N pole is far away from the screen 11, that is, the N pole faces upward; its S pole is close to the screen 11, that is, the S level faces downward.
  • its N pole is close to the screen 11, that is, the N pole faces downward; its S pole is far from the screen 11, that is, the S pole faces upward.
  • a magnetic field can be formed between the magnetic poles of the two magnets 22 close to the screen 11, for example, the magnetic field extending from the N pole at the bottom right to the S pole at the bottom left, the first routing area 212 passes through this magnetic field.
  • a magnetic field can be formed between the magnetic poles of the two magnets 22 far away from the screen 11, for example, the magnetic field extending from the N pole on the upper left to the S pole on the upper right, and the second wiring area 213 passes through the magnetic field.
  • a magnetic field is passed through the two sections of the routing area on the coil 21 that can effectively generate the ampere force for vibration, and the direction of the magnetic field is substantially perpendicular to the direction of the current in the coil 21, which is more efficiently converted into the ampere force.
  • the direction of the magnetic field passing through the two upper and lower wiring regions is opposite, and the current directions in the upper and lower two wiring regions are also opposite, thereby making the direction of the ampere force generated by the upper and lower two wiring regions the same, which significantly improves The magnitude of the ampere force generated between the coil and the magnet.
  • This design method can significantly improve the amplitude and sensitivity of screen vibration.
  • the magnetic pole distribution direction of the magnet 22 is preferably such that one of the magnetic poles is close to the screen 11 and the other magnetic pole is far from the screen 11. In this way, it is also possible to reverse the direction of the magnetic field passing through the two upper and lower wiring areas, improve the utilization of the wiring area of the coil, and increase the generated ampere force.
  • the present invention does not exclude the embodiment in which the magnetic pole of the magnet is arranged toward the coil. Orienting the magnetic poles of the magnet toward the coil and aligning with one of the upper and lower wiring areas of the coil can also generate an appropriate ampere force between the coil and the magnet to drive vibration.
  • the position of the first routing area 212 of the coil 21 in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the screen 11 corresponds to the positions of the two magnets 22 near the magnetic poles of the screen 11.
  • the position of the second wiring area 213 in this direction corresponds to the positions of the two magnets away from the magnetic poles of the screen 11.
  • the direction of the first signal passed in the first routing area 212 is from the inside to the outside of the paper, and the direction in the second routing area 213 is The paper surface is outward to the paper surface.
  • This signal direction characteristic is due to the fact that the coil is formed by winding the wire in one direction.
  • the magnetic fields of the two magnets 22 near the screen 11 propagate from the right N pole to the left S pole, and a downward ampere force is generated according to the left-hand rule of the ampere force.
  • the magnetic fields of the two magnets 22 away from the screen 11 propagate from the N pole on the left to the S pole on the right, and a downward ampere force is generated according to the left-hand rule of the ampere force.
  • the coil 21 directly pushes the screen 11 downward.
  • the signal Due to the alternating signal passing in the coil, the signal reverses afterwards.
  • the direction of the signal in the first routing area 212 is from the outside to the inside of the paper, and the direction in the second routing area 213 is due to
  • the paper surface is inward to the paper surface.
  • the two routing areas generate upward ampere force. After receiving the ampere force, the coil 21 directly pulls the screen to move upward.
  • the driving component realizes the effect of directly driving the screen vibration.
  • the fixing member 12 may be a plate-like structure having a notch or opening 221 through which the coil 21 passes.
  • the magnet 22 is disposed in the opening 221, and the side wall of the magnet 22 may be connected to the side wall of the opening 221.
  • the advantage of this design scheme is that the magnet itself occupies less space in the vibration direction of the screen, and a part of the thickness of the magnet itself overlaps the fixing member, which is more in line with the thin and light design of electronic products such as mobile phones.
  • the fixing member 12 may be an inner surface of a plate-shaped structure or a housing, and the magnet 22 is directly fixed on one side surface of the fixing member 12.
  • the advantage of this design scheme is that the connection between the magnet and the fixing member is higher, and the magnet is less prone to wobbling or loosening, which enables Ampere to drive the screen vibration more efficiently.
  • the magnet 22 is a Halbach magnet.
  • the Halbach magnet has the characteristics of strengthening the magnetic field on one side and weakening the magnetic field on the other side.
  • the side where the magnet 22 is close to the coil 21 corresponds to the side where the magnetic field of the Halbach magnet is enhanced.
  • the effect of strengthening the magnetic field by the Halbach magnet is obvious, and the magnetic field can radiate outward in a direction close to the side wall of the magnet 22 near the Halbach magnet.
  • even the strength of the magnetic field and the utilization rate of the magnetic field can exceed that of the embodiments where magnets are provided on both sides of the coil. Even if the Halbach magnet is provided on only one side of the coil, a strong ampere force can be generated between the coil and the magnet.
  • the invention provides a magnetic pole distribution method of the Halbach magnet.
  • the Halbach magnet includes three magnets, and the three magnets are stacked and placed in order from top to bottom.
  • the magnetic poles of the two magnets in the top layer and the bottom layer face the side of the Halbach magnet, that is, toward or away from the coil 21, and the magnetic poles of the magnet in the middle layer face the upper and lower magnets.
  • the magnetic pole of the upper magnet close to the coil 21 and the middle magnet are close to the magnetic pole of the upper magnet, and the lower magnet is close to the magnetic pole of the coil 21
  • the magnetic pole close to the middle magnet is very homogenous.
  • FIG. 7 the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the right side of the upper magnet is the N pole, and the N pole of the middle magnet is closely attached to the lower surface of the upper magnet; the right side of the lower magnet is the S pole, and the S pole of the middle magnet is closely attached to the lower On the upper surface of the magnet.
  • a strengthened magnetic field is formed on the right side of the Halbach magnet.
  • the magnetic flux radiated from the N pole of the upper magnet is repulsed by the N pole of the middle magnet and can only radiate to the right.
  • the S pole of the lower magnet receives the magnetic induction line emitted from the N pole.
  • the magnetic induction line can only be transmitted back vertically from the right side of the lower magnet and concentrated to the lower magnet S pole.
  • the magnetic induction lines on the right side of the magnet 22 are more concentrated, and the direction is substantially perpendicular to the side wall of the magnet 22, that is, perpendicular to the routing area of the coil 21. This embodiment can significantly enhance the ampere force generated between the magnet 22 and the coil 21.
  • At least one of the first routing area and the second routing area is facing the magnetic pole on the side where the magnetic field of the Halbach magnet is enhanced.
  • the utilization rate of the magnetic field is further improved.
  • the second trace area 213 of the coil 21 corresponds to the position of the N pole of the upper magnet
  • the first trace area 212 of the coil 21 corresponds to the position of the S pole of the lower magnet.
  • the wiring area of the coil 21 accurately corresponds to the position of the magnetic pole, which can improve the utilization rate of the magnetic field.
  • the invention does not limit to which component of the vibration assembly the coil and the magnet are to be fixed respectively.
  • the coil 21 is provided on the screen 11, and in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the coil 21 is provided on the fixing member 12, and the magnet 22 It is set on the screen 11.
  • Two fixed connection methods can be selected according to the specific application of the present invention.
  • the driving assembly may further include a magnetic conductive plate, and the magnetic conductive plate may be attached to the magnet to form a convergent and concentrated effect on the magnetic field generated by the magnet.
  • a magnetic conductive plate may be provided on the left side of the magnet 22.
  • the upper side and the lower side of the magnet 22 may be provided with magnetic conductive plates.
  • the magnetic conducting plate is usually provided on the side of the magnet 22 away from the coil 21, or other surface not facing the coil 21.
  • the present invention also provides optional embodiments.
  • two of the coils may be provided, and the two of the coils are respectively located on both sides of the magnet, and accordingly, the magnet can form a magnetic field on both sides of the magnet.
  • a magnetic field is formed around the magnet 22.
  • the magnet 22 shown in FIG. 3 a magnetic field for generating an ampere force with the coil 21 can be formed on the left and right sides of the magnet 22.
  • a coil 21 is provided on both sides of the magnet 22 as shown in FIG. 3, which can effectively improve the utilization rate of the magnetic field.
  • the two coils 21 are arranged on the same component of the vibration assembly.
  • the driving assembly may include two coils 21 and three magnets 22.
  • the three magnets 22 are arranged side by side in sequence.
  • the two coils 21 are located on both sides of the middle magnet 22.
  • the two magnets 22 at the two ends are combined with the middle magnet 22 to sandwich the two voice coils. Between the two magnets 22.
  • this preferred combination embodiment can increase the magnitude of the ampere force that the drive assembly can generate, and further, it can make the ampere force acting on the fixing member and the screen more uniform, and the vibration generated is more stable.
  • the utilization rate of the magnetic field of the drive assembly is also higher.
  • the screen driving sound generating device includes two sets of driving components. In other embodiments, more sets of driving components may be included. Corresponding to a set of vibration components, at least two sets of drive components can be configured at different positions of the screen 11.
  • This embodiment makes the ampere force generated between the screen 11 and the fixture more balanced, and the screen generates vibration under the effect of a uniform ampere force , The vibration stability is better, the screen is not easy to damage, and the acoustic performance is better.
  • the driving assembly further includes a circuit board.
  • the circuit board is electrically connected to the coil, and is used to transmit electrical signals, so that an ampere force can be formed between the coil and the magnet.
  • the circuit board is preferably disposed on the same component of the vibration assembly as the coil. As shown in FIGS. 3-5, the circuit board 23 is attached to the inner surface of the screen 11, and the voice coil is also fixedly connected to the inner surface of the screen 11.
  • the present invention also provides an electronic product, as shown in FIG. 10.
  • the electronic product includes the above-mentioned screen vibration sound generating device and the product main body 3.
  • the electronic product may be a mobile phone or a tablet computer, etc.
  • the present invention does not limit this.
  • the screen 11 is provided on the product body 3 and serves as a display screen for electronic products.
  • the screen 11 may be rotatably connected to the product body 3 at one end and freely movable at the other end; or, the screen may be made of a material with good elastic deformation ability, and the screen is fixedly connected at one end to other fixed The other end of the part can be freely moved. In this way, the screen 11 can generate vibration with respect to the product body 3.
  • a part of the structure of the product body 3 can be used as the fixing member 12, and the driving assembly is provided in the product body 3.
  • the magnet 22 is fixedly arranged on a part of the product body 3 corresponding to the fixing member 12, and the coil 21 is fixedly arranged on the screen 11.
  • the amp force generated by the drive assembly can drive the screen to vibrate and sound. Since the electronic product provided by the present invention adopts the screen vibration sound-generating device provided by the present invention, it takes up less space in the direction parallel to the thickness of the screen of the electronic product, which is more conducive to designing the electronic product thinner and satisfying the electronic product Thin and light design requirements. Further, the design method of directly driving the vibration of the screen omits parts such as shrapnel and shell, which simplifies the processing and assembly process of the product and reduces the cost.
  • the fixing part may be a structure such as a middle frame or a side wall in the product body 3.
  • the product body 3 in order to place other electronic devices, the product body 3 is often equipped with partitions, middle frames and other structural components. These structural components have good structural stability in electronic products. On the one hand, it is used to protect electronic devices. Therefore, using such structural members in the product body 3 as the fixing portion can improve the conversion rate of the ampere force into vibration, and improve the reliability of vibration.
  • the inner surface of the side wall of the product body 3 may also serve as the fixing portion, as shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 7.

Abstract

本发明公开了一种屏幕振动发声装置和电子产品。该屏幕振动发声装置，包括：振动组件，振动组件包括屏幕和固定件，屏幕被配置为能相对于固定件振动；驱动组件，驱动组件包括至少一个线圈和至少一块磁体，线圈由导线沿一个方向绕制呈封闭的环形结构，线圈的中间具有通孔，通孔周围为线圈的走线区域，线圈与屏幕或固定件的其中之一固定连接，磁体与屏幕和固定件中不与线圈固定连接的一个固定连接；线圈的轴线平行于屏幕的表面，磁体位于线圈的一侧，走线区域包括一段靠近屏幕的第一走线区域和一段远离屏幕的第二走线区域，上述两个走线区域至少其中之一穿过磁体产生的磁场，线圈被配置为能通入交变的电流信号，线圈与磁体之间产生方向垂直于屏幕的表面的安培力；振动组件受到由驱动组件传递的交变的安培力以使屏幕相对于固定件振动发声。

Description

屏幕振动发声装置和电子产品 技术领域
本发明电子产品技术领域，具体地，涉及一种屏幕振动发声装置和电子产品。
背景技术
发声装置是电子产品中重要的电声换能元件，用于将电流信号转换成声音。近年来随着电子产品的快速发展，应用于电子产品上的发声装置也相应的得到改进。
传统的用于手机听筒的发声装置采用的原理为振膜推动空气振动发声。近期，随着全面屏成为手机的主要发展方向，如何在屏幕无开孔设计下实现听筒功能，同时具备更好的听感体验，是当前面临的技术难题。对此，本领域技术人员开发了采用屏幕振动发声的技术方案。
其中一种技术方案采用线性振动马达驱动屏幕振动，如图1所示。线性振动马达中具有振子01，振子01连接在弹簧03上。线性振动马达具有壳体02，壳体02将振子01、弹簧03等部件封在其中。马达的壳体02固定连接在手机屏幕04的内表面上。马达通电工作后振子01会产生振动，进而拉动弹簧03发生弹性形变。弹簧03弹性形变产生的振动通过壳体02传递到屏幕上，进而是屏幕振动发声。本领域技术人员通过将现有的线性振动马达直接转用到屏幕发声的技术方案中，从而实现屏幕振动发声。但是，这种技术方案的缺点在于，振子01产生的振动通过弹簧03传递至整个马达，使马达连带壳体02一起振动。实际上，振子01是与壳体02以及屏幕产生共振后驱动屏幕振动发声的。为了形成共振，使屏幕达到性能要求的振幅，振动马达的振子需要产生更大振幅的振动。因此，振动马达自身在振子的振动方向上需要占据更大空间，这对于手机的轻薄化结构设计十分不利。另一方面，线性振动马达内部的结构相对复杂、零部件多，增 加了装配难度，也提高了产品的成本。
本领域技术人员采用的另一种技术方案如图2所示，该技术方案采用一个电磁铁05和一个磁铁06相对放置的结构分布方式，通过打开、关闭电磁铁05，或者切换电磁铁05的磁极，使得电磁铁05与磁铁06之间产生变化的吸附、排斥作用。再将磁铁06固定在手机屏幕04上，电磁铁05固定在手机中不动的部件上，从而能够使手机屏幕04产生振动。
在这种技术方案中，假定垂直方向位移是x，两磁体之间是吸引力，第一磁体和第二磁体之间有一个和位移相关的作用力F(x)。屏幕自身刚度的回复力为F(kmsx)，此时存在力平衡的状态
Figure PCTCN2019127241-appb-000001
在其电磁铁05的线圈通电后，两磁铁之间的磁场被扰动，因此电磁铁05与磁铁06之间的作用力被打破平衡，例如：由于电流增强吸力的同向磁场，因此两个磁铁会有一个相互接近的趋势，同时屏幕会有一个反向的回复力，以及运动过程中一个阻尼力，因此运动方程是：
Figure PCTCN2019127241-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2019127241-appb-000003
其中B为等效磁感应强度，H为等效磁场强度，S为两永磁体之间相互作用的等效面积。
但是，这种技术方案同样存在占用空间较大的问题，不利于手机轻薄化的结构设计。在为了使手机屏幕04产生足够大的振幅的前提下，两个磁铁之间需要留出足够的空间，否则会造成磁铁与电磁铁05之间发生碰撞，严重影响屏幕发声的声学性能。为此，必然会在手机的厚度方向占用更多空间。而且，磁铁之间相互吸附、排斥的作用力的作用方向受到线圈的轴线方向与磁铁的磁极方向的影响，即使磁极的微小偏移也会造成两个磁铁受到的作用力不是垂直于屏幕的方向，进而使屏幕容易在振动中损坏。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种屏幕振动发声的新技术方案。
根据本发明的第一方面，提供了一种屏幕振动发声装置，包括：
振动组件，所述振动组件包括屏幕和固定件，所述屏幕被配置为能相对于所述固定件振动；
驱动组件，所述驱动组件包括至少一个线圈和至少一块磁体，所述线圈由导线沿一个方向绕制呈封闭的环形结构，所述线圈的中间具有通孔，所述通孔周围为线圈的走线区域，所述线圈与所述屏幕或固定件的其中之一固定连接，所述磁体与所述屏幕和固定件中不与线圈固定连接的一个固定连接；
所述线圈的轴线平行于所述屏幕的表面，所述线圈相对于所述屏幕呈竖直的姿态，所述磁体位于所述线圈的一侧，所述线圈的环形端面朝向所述磁体，所述走线区域包括一段靠近所述屏幕的第一走线区域和一段远离所述屏幕的第二走线区域，所述第一走线区域和第二走线区域的走线方向平行于所述屏幕的表面，上述两个走线区域至少其中之一穿过所述磁体产生的磁场，所述线圈被配置为能通入交变的电流信号，通电的所述走线区域穿过所述磁体产生的磁场，所述线圈与磁体之间产生方向垂直于所述屏幕的表面的安培力；
所述线圈内通入的交变的电流信号使所述安培力的方向交替反向变化，所述振动组件受到由所述驱动组件传递的交变的安培力以使所述屏幕相对于所述固定件振动发声。
可选地，所述驱动组件配置为对应于一个线圈设置两块所述磁体，所述线圈设置在两块所述磁体之间，所述线圈的两个环形端面分别朝向两个所述磁体，两块所述磁体之间形成磁场。
可选地，其中一块所述磁体的磁极方向为：N极靠近所述屏幕，S极远离所述屏幕；
另一块所述磁体的磁极方向为：N极远离所述屏幕，S极靠近所述屏幕；
两块所述磁体的靠近所述屏幕的磁极之间形成磁场，所述第一走线区域穿过该磁场；两块所述磁体的远离所述屏幕的磁极之间形成磁场，所述第二走线区域穿过该磁场。
可选地，所述磁体采用海尔贝克磁体，所述磁体的靠近所述线圈的一 侧对应海尔贝克磁体的磁场增强的一侧。
可选地，所述第一走线区域和第二走线区域至少其中之一正对于海尔贝克磁体的磁场增强的一侧的磁极。
可选地，所述驱动组件配置为对应于一块所述磁体设置两个所述线圈，两个所述线圈分别位于所述磁体的两侧，所述磁体在其两侧形成磁场。
可选地，包括至少两组驱动组件。
可选地，所述驱动组件包括线路板，所述线路板与所述线圈电连接，所述线路板与线圈设置在所述振动组件的相同部件上。
根据本发明的另一方面，还提供了一种电子产品，包括：
上述屏幕振动发声装置；
产品主体，所述屏幕设置在所述产品主体上，所述固定件为所述产品主体的一部分结构，所述驱动组件设置在所述产品主体中。
可选地，所述固定部为所述产品主体内的中框或侧壁。
根据本公开的一个实施例，有效减小了屏幕发声装置所占用的空间。
通过以下参照附图对本发明的示例性实施例的详细描述，本发明的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
被结合在说明书中并构成说明书的一部分的附图示出了本发明的实施例，并且连同其说明一起用于解释本发明的原理。
图1是现有技术中一种屏幕发声技术方案的侧面剖视示意图；
图2是现有技术中另一种屏幕发声技术方案的侧面剖视示意图；
图3是本发明提供的一种屏幕振动发声装置的侧面剖视示意图；
图4是本发明提供的另一种屏幕振动发声装置的侧面剖视示意图；
图5是本发明提供的另一种屏幕振动发声装置的侧面剖视示意图；
图6是本发明提供的另一种屏幕振动发声装置的侧面剖视示意图；
图7是本发明提供的另一种屏幕振动发声装置的侧面剖视示意图；
图8是本发明提供的另一种屏幕振动发声装置的侧面剖视示意图；
图9是本发明提供的另一种屏幕振动发声装置的侧面剖视示意图；
图10是本发明提供的电子产品的局部侧面剖视示意图。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图来详细描述本发明的各种示例性实施例。应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。
以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。
在这里示出和讨论的所有例子中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它例子可以具有不同的值。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
本发明提供了一种屏幕振动发声装置，该发声装置包括振动组件和驱动组件。如图3、4所示，所述振动组件包括屏幕11和固定件12，所述屏幕11被配置为能相对于所述固定件12振动。所述固定件12可以是该发声装置所应用的电子设备中的某一固定部件，也可以是单独配置的固定的零件。所述驱动组件则包括至少一个线圈21和至少一块磁体22。所述线圈21由导线沿一个方向绕制呈封闭的环形结构，所述线圈21的中心具有通孔211，所述通孔的周围为线圈21的走线区域。所述走线区域指的是线圈21中的引线实际经过的区域，整个走线区域呈环状。线圈21固定在屏幕11或固定件12的其中之一上，磁体22则固定在屏幕11或固定件12中未设置线圈21的那一个上。在如图3、4所示的实施方式中，线圈21固定连接在屏幕11上，而磁体22则固定连接在固定件12上。
呈封闭环状的线圈21自身具有轴线，在本发明的实施方式中，所述线圈21的轴线平行于所述屏幕11的表面，如图3所示，所述线圈21相对 于所述屏幕11呈竖直的姿态。所述磁体22则位于所述线圈21的一侧，线圈21的环形端面是朝向所述磁体22的，线圈21的轴线和屏幕11的表面均为水平姿态，磁体22位于线圈21的左侧。而在如图4所示的另一种实施方式中，所述磁体22则位于所述线圈21的右侧。所述线圈21的走线区域包括了靠近所述屏幕的第一走线区域212，以及远离所述屏幕的第二走线区域213。所述第一走线区域212和第二走线区域213的走线方向平行于所述屏幕的表面，在如图3、4所示的实施方式中是沿着纸面向里和向外走线的形式。所述磁体22能够产生磁场，上述第一走线区域212和第二走线区域213至少其中之一要穿过所述磁体22产生的磁场。这样，当线圈21中通入交变的电流信号后，线圈21与磁体22之间能够产生安培力。通电的走线区域穿过磁场，能够产生安培力。由于磁体22设置在线圈21的侧面，因此磁体22产生的一部分磁场能够以平行于屏幕11的表面的方向穿过线圈21，进而产生方向垂直于所述屏幕11的表面的安培力。
由于线圈和磁体分别设置在屏幕和固定件上，而线圈内通入的电流信号为交变的信号，因此所产生的安培力的方向也是交替反向变化的。安培力能够通过驱动组件直接传递到屏幕上。如图3、4所示，线圈21受到安培力后能够直接带动屏幕11。上述安培力会使屏幕与固定件之间产生相对位移，进而使屏幕相对于固定部振动发声。
本发明提供的屏幕振动发声装置相对于现有技术结构更简单、所用的零部件更少。以图3所示的实施方式为例，线圈21和磁体22分别直接设置于屏幕11和固定件12上，相对于现有技术省去了壳体、弹簧等零部件，降低了产品结构的复杂度。而且，将驱动组件与振动组件直接连接的直接驱动方式简化了驱动屏幕振动的原理，屏幕在受到安培力后能够直接产生振动。这种设计方式有效提高了振动转化效率，无需通过振子振动引发共振进而带动屏幕振动。此设计使得屏幕所能产生的振幅与驱动组件所能产生的振幅基本一致，可以根据对屏幕振幅的性能要求设计预留给驱动组件的空间。无需为驱动组件预留明显大于屏幕最大振幅的振动空间。另一方面，所述磁体22设置在所述线圈21的侧面，磁体22与线圈21之间不会在振动路径上形成相互妨碍的状况。通过这种分布设计方式，也可以减小 振动组件在振动方向上所占用的空间。在图3中，即减小上下方向上所占用的空间。
综合以上优点，本发明提供的屏幕振动发声装置在减少零部件、简化结构的同时，显著降低了驱动组件在振动方向上占用的空间，适用于手机等电子产品的轻薄化设计需求。
优选地，所述驱动组件配置成对应于一个线圈21设置两块磁体22的形式，如图5、6所示。两块所述磁体22沿着所述线圈21的轴线方向分别位于所述线圈21的两侧，所述线圈21夹在两块所述磁体22之间，所述线圈21的两个环形端面分别朝向两块所述磁体22。两块所述磁体22之间形成磁场，线圈21的第一走线区域212和第二走线区域213能够穿过上述磁场，从而在磁体22与线圈21之间产生安培力。采用两块磁体产生的磁场稳定性、对称性、磁场强度更好，使得线圈与磁体之间产生的安培力更强、安培力的方向不易出现倾斜等问题，使得屏幕的振动效果更稳定。而且，通过设置两块磁体，两块磁体之间形成的磁场相对于一块磁体在靠近线圈一侧形成的磁场更集中、磁场强度更强，有效利用的磁体产生的磁场。
在如图3-6所示的实施方式中，能够促使线圈21产生向上或向下移动的安培力的部分为线圈21的上、下两段走线区域(即图1-4中有剖面线的部分)。因此，为了提高磁场利用率，应尽可能使磁场从上述两段走线区域上穿过。
如图3所示，本发明提供了采用两块磁体22时的优选实施磁路分布方式。对于位于左侧的磁体22，其N极远离所述屏幕11，即N极朝向上方；其S极靠近所述屏幕11，即S级朝向下方。对于位于右侧的磁体22，其N极靠近所述屏幕11，即N极朝向下方；其S极远离所述屏幕11，即S极朝向上方。在磁体的这种配置形式中，两块磁体22的靠近所述屏幕11的磁极之间能够形成磁场，例如从右下的N极延伸至左下的S极的磁场，所述第一走线区域212穿过该磁场。两块磁体22的远离所述屏幕11的磁极之间能够形成磁场，例如从左上的N极延伸至右上的S极的磁场，所述第二走线区域213穿过该磁场。这样，线圈21上能够有效产生用于振动的安培力的两段走线区域中均穿过有磁场，而且磁场的方向基本垂直于线圈21中 电流的方向，转化成安培力的效率更高。进一步地，穿过上下两段走线区域的磁场的方向相反，上下两段走线区域中的电流方向也相反，由此使得上下两段走线区域产生的安培力的方向相同，显著提高了线圈与磁体之间产生的安培力的大小。这种设计方式能够明显提高屏幕振动的振幅和灵敏度。
对于如图1、2所示的只采用一个磁体22与线圈21配合产生安培力的实施方式，所述磁体22的磁极分布方向优选为其中一个磁极靠近屏幕11，另一个磁极远离屏幕11。这样，也能够使穿过上下两段走线区域的磁场的方向相反，提高线圈的走线区域的利用率，提高产生的安培力。
本发明并不排出将磁体的磁极朝向线圈设置的实施方式。将磁体的磁极朝向线圈，并且对准线圈的上下两端走线区域的其中一个，也能够是线圈与磁体之间产生适当的安培力进而驱动振动。
以图5所示的实施方式为例，在屏幕11相对于固定件12处在静止的位置时，所述线圈21的第一走线区域212在垂直于屏幕11的表面的方向上的位置，与两块磁体22的靠近所述屏幕11的磁极的位置相对应。相应地，第二走线区域213在该方向上的位置，与两块磁体的远离所述屏幕11的磁极的位置相对应。这样，上述两个走线区域分别穿过两块磁体的两对磁极之间所形成的平行于屏幕表面的磁场。
在所述线圈21中通入电流信号后，例如，首先通入的信号在第一走线区域212中的方向为由纸面内向纸面外，在第二走线区域213中的方向为由纸面外向纸面内。这种信号方向特点是由于线圈由导线沿一个方向绕制形成而带来的。此时，两个磁体22的靠近屏幕11的磁场由右侧N极向左侧S极传播，根据安培力的左手定则，产生向下的安培力。两个磁体22的远离屏幕11的磁场由左侧的N极向右侧的S极传播，根据安培力的左手定则，产生向下的安培力。线圈21在受到安培力作用后，直接推动屏幕11向下移动。
由于线圈内通入的交变的信号，之后，信号反向转变，信号在第一走线区域212中的方向为由纸面外向纸面内，在第二走线区域213中的方向为由纸面内向纸面外。根据安培力的左右定则，两个走线区域产生向上的 安培力。线圈21在受到安培力作用后，直接拉动屏幕向上移动。
通过上述原理，驱动组件实现直接驱动屏幕振动的效果。
本发明提供了两种磁体与固定件之间的具体连接形式。如图3、5所示，所述固定件12可以是具有缺口或开口221的板状结构，该缺口或开口221供所述线圈21穿过。所述磁体22则设置在所述开口221中，磁体22的侧壁可以连接在所述开口221的侧壁上。这种设计方案的优点在于，所述磁体自身在屏幕振动方向占用的空间更少，磁体自身的厚度有一部分与所述固定件重叠，更符合手机等电子产品的轻薄化设计。
如图6所示，所述固定件12可以是板状结构或壳体的内表面，所述磁体22直接固定在固定件12的一侧表面上。这种设计方案的优点在于，所述磁体与固定件的连接可靠性更高，磁体不易出现晃动、松动的情况，使得安培力能够更高效的驱动屏幕振动。
优选地，如图7所示，所述磁体22采用海尔贝克磁体。海尔贝克磁体具有强化其自身一侧的磁场，减弱其自身另一侧磁场的特点。在本发明的实施方式中，使磁体22靠近所述线圈21的一侧对应于海尔贝克磁体的磁场增强的一侧。海尔贝克磁体强化磁场的效果明显，并且在靠近海尔贝克磁体的位置，其磁场能够以接近垂直于磁体22侧壁的方向向外辐射。根据所采用的磁体的充磁程度，甚至可以使其磁场强度和磁场利用率超过在线圈两侧均设置磁体的实施方式。即使只在线圈的一侧设置海尔贝克磁体，也能够使线圈与磁体之间产生较强的安培力。
本发明提供了一种海尔贝克磁体的磁极分布方式。如图7所示，所述海尔贝克磁体包括三个磁铁，三个磁铁依次由上至下堆叠放置。其中顶层和底层的两块磁铁的磁极朝向海尔贝克磁体的侧面，即朝向或背离线圈21，位于中间层的磁铁的磁极朝向上下两块磁铁。在靠近所述线圈21的一侧，也即海尔贝克磁体的磁场被强化的一侧，上磁铁靠近线圈21的磁极与中间磁铁贴近于上磁铁的磁极为同性极，下磁铁靠近线圈21的磁极与中间磁铁贴近于下磁铁的磁极为同性级。如图7所示的实施方式中，上磁铁右侧为N极，中间磁铁的N极紧贴在上磁铁的下表面上；下磁铁的右侧为S极，中间磁铁的S极紧贴在下磁铁的上表面上。这样，在海尔贝克磁体的右侧 形成强化的磁场。从上磁铁的N极辐射出的磁感线受到中间磁铁的N极的排斥，只能集中向右辐射。进一步地，下磁铁的S极接收从N极射出的磁感线，由于该S极受到中间磁铁的S极的排斥，磁感线只能从下磁铁的右侧垂直的、集中传回下磁铁的S极。在这种组合磁铁的作用下，磁体22右侧的磁感线更集中，并且方向基本垂直于磁体22的侧壁，也即垂直于线圈21的走线区域。这种实施方式能够显著增强磁体22与线圈21之间产生的安培力。
优选地，所述第一走线区域和第二走线区域至少其中之一正对于海尔贝克磁体的磁场增强的一侧的磁极。通过这种设计进一步提高磁场的利用率。如图7所示，线圈21的第二走线区域213对应在上磁铁的N极的位置处，线圈21的第一走线区域212对应在下磁铁的S极的位置处。线圈21的走线区域准确对应在磁极的位置处，能够提高磁场的利用率。
本发明并不限制线圈和磁体分别要固定在振动组件的哪个部件上。在如图3-6所示的实施方式中，所述线圈21设置在屏幕11上，而在如图7所示的实施方式中，所述线圈21设置在固定件12上，所述磁体22则设置在屏幕11上。两种固定连接方式可以根据本发明的具体应用情况进行选择。
优选地，所述驱动组件还可以包括导磁板，所述导磁板可以贴附设置在所述磁体上，从而对磁体产生的磁场形成收束、集中的作用。例如，在图3所示的实施方式中，所述磁体22的左侧可以设置有导磁板。磁体22的上侧和下侧也可以设置有导磁板。通过设置导磁板，能够使磁体22产生的磁场向未覆有导磁板的方向集中，从而提高磁场强度。所述导磁板通常设置在磁体22的远离所述线圈21的一侧，或者其它不朝向线圈21的表面上。
对于所述驱动组件的分布、组合形式，本发明还提供了可选的实施方式。例如，对应于一块磁体，可以设置两个所述线圈，两个所述线圈分别位于所述磁体的两侧，相应地，所述磁体在其两侧都能够形成磁场。通常情况下，磁体22的周围都会形成磁场，对于本发明的驱动组件而言，例如图3所示的磁体22，其左右两侧都能够形成有用于与线圈21产生安培力 的磁场。但是，只有磁体22右侧的磁场能够得到实际应用。在优选的实施方式中，在如图3所示的磁体22的两侧均设置一个线圈21，可以有效提高磁场的利用率。两个所述线圈21设置在振动组件的同一个部件上。
优选地，如图8所示，所述驱动组件可以包括两个线圈21和三块磁体22。三块所述磁体22依次并排设置，两个所述线圈21位于中间的磁体22的两侧，位于两端位置的两块磁体22分别与中间的磁体22组合，分别将两个音圈夹在两个磁体22之间。这种优选的组合实施方式一方面能够提高驱动组件所能产生的安培力的大小，进一步地，还可以使作用在固定件与屏幕上的安培力更均匀，产生的振动更稳定。另一方面，对驱动组件的磁场的利用率也更高。
优选地，在如图9所示的实施方式中，屏幕驱动发声装置包括了两组驱动组件。在其它实施方式中，还可以包括更多组驱动组件。对应于一组振动组件，可以至少在屏幕11的不同位置配置两组驱动组件，这种实施方式使得屏幕11与固定件之间产生的安培力更均衡，屏幕在均匀的安培力作用下产生振动，振动稳定性更好、屏幕不易损坏，并且声学性能更好。
可选地，所述驱动组件还包括线路板。所述线路板与所述线圈电连接，其用于传输电信号，以使线圈与磁体之间能够形成安培力。所述线路板优选与线圈设置在所述振动组件的相同部件上。如图3-5所示，所述线路板23贴附在所述屏幕11的内表面上，所述音圈也固定连接在所述屏幕11的内表面上。
本发明还提供了一种电子产品，如图10所示。所述电子产品包括上述屏幕振动发声装置和产品主体3。所述电子产品可以是手机或平板电脑等，本发明不对此进行限制。所述屏幕11设置在所述产品主体3上，用作电子产品的显示屏。所述屏幕11可以以一端可旋转的连接在产品主体3上、另一端可自由移动的形式设置；或者，也可以采用具有良好弹性形变能力的材料制成屏幕，屏幕以一端固定连接在其它固定的部件上、另一端可自由移动的形式设置。这样，所述屏幕11能够相对于产品主体3产生振动。所述产品主体3的一部分结构可以作为所述固定件12，所述驱动组件则设置在所述产品主体3内。例如图10所示，所述磁体22固定设置在产品主 体3上相当于固定件12的一个部件上，所述线圈21则固定设置在所述屏幕11上。通过驱动组件产生的安培力，能够驱使屏幕振动发声。本发明提供的电子产品因采用了本发明提供的屏幕振动发声装置，因此在电子产品的平行于屏幕的厚度方向上占用的空间更少，更有利于将电子产品设计的更薄，满足电子产品轻薄化的设计需求。进一步地，采用直接驱动屏幕振动的设计方式省去了弹片、壳体等零部件，简化了产品的加工、装配工艺，降低了成本。
优选地，所述固定部可以为产品主体3内的中框、侧壁等结构。在产品主体3中，为了安置其它电子器件，产品主体3往往配置有隔板、中框等结构部件，这些结构部件在电子产品中具有良好的结构稳定性，一方面用于案子电子器件，另一方面用于保护电子器件。因此，将产品主体3中的这类结构件作为所述固定部，能够提高安培力转化成振动的转化率，提高振动可靠性。产品主体3的侧壁的内表面也可以作为所述固定部，如图3、4、7所示。
虽然已经通过例子对本发明的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解，以上例子仅是为了进行说明，而不是为了限制本发明的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解，可在不脱离本发明的范围和精神的情况下，对以上实施例进行修改。本发明的范围由所附权利要求来限定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种屏幕振动发声装置，其特征在于，包括：
    振动组件，所述振动组件包括屏幕和固定件，所述屏幕被配置为能相对于所述固定件振动；
    驱动组件，所述驱动组件包括至少一个线圈和至少一块磁体，所述线圈由导线沿一个方向绕制呈封闭的环形结构，所述线圈的中间具有通孔，所述通孔周围为线圈的走线区域，所述线圈与所述屏幕或固定件的其中之一固定连接，所述磁体与所述屏幕和固定件中不与线圈固定连接的一个固定连接；
    所述线圈的轴线平行于所述屏幕的表面，所述线圈相对于所述屏幕呈竖直的姿态，所述磁体位于所述线圈的一侧，所述线圈的环形端面朝向所述磁体，所述走线区域包括一段靠近所述屏幕的第一走线区域和一段远离所述屏幕的第二走线区域，所述第一走线区域和第二走线区域的走线方向平行于所述屏幕的表面，上述两个走线区域至少其中之一穿过所述磁体产生的磁场，所述线圈被配置为能通入交变的电流信号，通电的所述走线区域穿过所述磁体产生的磁场，所述线圈与磁体之间产生方向垂直于所述屏幕的表面的安培力；
    所述线圈内通入的交变的电流信号使所述安培力的方向交替反向变化，所述振动组件受到由所述驱动组件传递的交变的安培力以使所述屏幕相对于所述固定件振动发声。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的屏幕振动发声装置，其特征在于，所述驱动组件配置为对应于一个线圈设置两块所述磁体，所述线圈设置在两块所述磁体之间，所述线圈的两个环形端面分别朝向两个所述磁体，两块所述磁体之间形成磁场。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的屏幕振动发声装置，其特征在于，其中一块所述磁体的磁极方向为：N极靠近所述屏幕，S极远离所述屏幕；
    另一块所述磁体的磁极方向为：N极远离所述屏幕，S极靠近所述屏幕；
    两块所述磁体的靠近所述屏幕的磁极之间形成磁场，所述第一走线区域穿过该磁场；两块所述磁体的远离所述屏幕的磁极之间形成磁场，所述第二走线区域穿过该磁场。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的屏幕振动发声装置，其特征在于，所述磁体采用海尔贝克磁体，所述磁体的靠近所述线圈的一侧对应海尔贝克磁体的磁场增强的一侧。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的屏幕振动发声装置，其特征在于，所述第一走线区域和第二走线区域至少其中之一正对于海尔贝克磁体的磁场增强的一侧的磁极。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的屏幕振动发声装置，其特征在于，所述驱动组件配置为对应于一块所述磁体设置两个所述线圈，两个所述线圈分别位于所述磁体的两侧，所述磁体在其两侧形成磁场。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的屏幕振动发声装置，其特征在于，包括至少两组驱动组件。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的屏幕振动发声装置，其特征在于，所述驱动组件包括线路板，所述线路板与所述线圈电连接，所述线路板与线圈设置在所述振动组件的相同部件上。
  9. 一种电子产品，其特征在于，包括：
    权利要求1-7任意之一所述的屏幕振动发声装置；
    产品主体，所述屏幕设置在所述产品主体上，所述固定件为所述产品主体的一部分结构，所述驱动组件设置在所述产品主体中。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电子产品，其特征在于，所述固定部为所述产品主体内的中框或侧壁。
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