WO2020220634A1 - Brise-lames flottant en forme de boîte rectangulaire muni d'un dispositif de génération d'énergie des vagues utilisant une colonne d'eau oscillante - Google Patents

Brise-lames flottant en forme de boîte rectangulaire muni d'un dispositif de génération d'énergie des vagues utilisant une colonne d'eau oscillante Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020220634A1
WO2020220634A1 PCT/CN2019/116458 CN2019116458W WO2020220634A1 WO 2020220634 A1 WO2020220634 A1 WO 2020220634A1 CN 2019116458 W CN2019116458 W CN 2019116458W WO 2020220634 A1 WO2020220634 A1 WO 2020220634A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
floating breakwater
square box
air chamber
wave
water column
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2019/116458
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
崔杰
嵇春艳
柳辉
郭建廷
李子超
李千
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江苏科技大学
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Publication of WO2020220634A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020220634A1/fr

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
    • E02B3/062—Constructions floating in operational condition, e.g. breakwaters or wave dissipating walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/141—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy with a static energy collector
    • F03B13/142—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy with a static energy collector which creates an oscillating water column
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
    • Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of ocean engineering, and specifically relates to a square box type floating breakwater with an oscillating water column type wave energy generating device.
  • New energy sources including ocean energy, biomass energy, wind energy, solar energy, geothermal energy, nuclear energy, etc.
  • ocean energy has attracted the attention of scientific researchers from all over the world because of its unique charm.
  • the earth’s surface is divided by continents into vast waters that are connected to each other, called the ocean. Its total area is about 360 million square kilometers, accounting for about 71% of the earth’s surface area, and the average water depth is about 3,795 meters. Therefore, the ocean has huge energy reserves.
  • floating breakwaters can adapt to conditions such as larger water depths, weak foundations, large tidal ranges, and the introduction of water exchange. It has excellent economic and ecological environmental protection. Many fields such as port and coastal engineering, ocean engineering, and mariculture have broad application prospects.
  • the current wave breakers have more or less defects.
  • the most important factors affecting the wave suppression performance of floating breakwaters are the width and draft of the floating breakwater. The wider the dike and the deeper the draft, the wave will be eliminated. The better the effect, but with the increase in the main dimensions of the floating breakwater, its cost will greatly increase, and the wave force received will also increase, which will put greater requirements on the strength of the structure and the design of the mooring system, and Floating breakwaters have good wave-elimination effects for short-period waves, but are not obvious for long-period waves. Therefore, most current engineering applications also place floating breakwaters in wave areas with smaller wave heights and shorter periods. .
  • the objective of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a square box type floating breakwater with an oscillating water column wave energy generating device.
  • the present invention combines floating breakwater and oscillating water column wave energy generation
  • the device not only realizes the protection of offshore marine structures, but also generates electric energy. It has the advantages of being movable, repeatable, free from water depth and geological restrictions, etc.; the present invention has simple structure, easy production and maintenance, and no pollution to the marine environment. have a broad vision of application.
  • the square box type floating breakwater with oscillating water column type wave energy generating device of the present invention includes a plurality of single-section square box type floating breakwaters, and each single-section square box type floating breakwater is connected by a connecting device.
  • the single-section square box floating breakwater is connected to the seabed anchor block by an anchor chain.
  • the wave-facing surface of each single-section square box floating breakwater is provided with a wave inlet.
  • the upper end of the wave inlet is below the waterline, and the wave enters
  • the water port communicates with the air chamber inside the single-section square box floating breakwater so that the water at the bottom of the air chamber is connected with seawater; the upper space of the air chamber is air and the lower space of the air chamber is seawater, and the top of the air chamber communicates with the air flow channel ,
  • the airflow channel is provided with a generator set, and the airflow channel is connected to the outside through the vent.
  • the seawater when the water surface is stationary, the seawater will submerge the wave inlet. When encountering waves, the entire box-shaped floating breakwater will move with the waves. The wave inlet sometimes appears on the sea surface, and the seawater enters the air chamber through the wave inlet. .
  • each single-section square box floating breakwater is fixed to each other by a rubber ring and an anchor chain to form a floating breakwater body; each single-section square box floating breakwater Both sides are connected with concrete anchor blocks by two anchor chains.
  • the bottom of each single-section square box floating breakwater is provided with a number of nets (such as six) at equal intervals, and a sinker is hung on the bottom of the net.
  • the single-section square box floating breakwater at both ends of the floating breakwater has a set of anchor chains arranged at the four outer corners, and each set of anchor chains has a total of There are three cables, and the angle between the three cables in the same group is 30°.
  • the draft of the single-section square box floating breakwater is half of its height, and the bottom of the air chamber is below sea level; the square box floating breakwater adopts a prefabricated reinforced concrete structure, and each side There are several cabins inside the box floating breakwater, which include ballast tanks and energy storage tanks.
  • the air chamber has a vertical spatial structure as a whole, and the air flow channel has a horizontal spatial structure as a whole and is smooth and flat (to facilitate air circulation).
  • the internal space is communicated with the internal space of the air flow channel, and the inlet of the air flow channel above the air chamber is in the shape of a flow collecting cover.
  • the generator set includes a two-way impulse turbine and a permanent magnet three-phase generator.
  • the two-way impulse turbine consists of a rotating impeller, a stationary blade, a bearing housing cover and a bearing housing, and the rotating impeller is installed between the bearing housings on both sides of the turbine.
  • Both sides of the rotating impeller are provided with a ring of stationary blades, the outside of the stationary blades is fixed with the protective cover of the generator set, the bearing housing cover is fixed to the protective cover through the stationary blades; one end of the permanent magnet three-phase generator passes through the rotating shaft and the two-way impact type
  • the turbine is driven and connected, and the other end of the permanent magnet three-phase generator is connected to the energy storage device.
  • the utility model has the characteristics of simple structure, and can perform unidirectional rotation in the reciprocating air flow without a rectifying device.
  • the moving blades and the stationary blades on the rotating impeller are crescent-shaped (which can improve the conversion efficiency of wave energy), and the surface area of the stationary blades is smaller than the surface area of the moving blades; the moving blades on the rotating impeller and each The measured stationary blades are equipped with 24 pieces, and the arrangement of the stationary blades on both sides is completely symmetrical.
  • a protective cover is sheathed on the outer circumference of the generator set, and the two-way impulse turbine and the permanent magnet three-phase generator are fixed in the protective cover through a supporting structure.
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the floating breakwater power generation device adopted in the present invention not only reduces the influence of waves, provides a stable water environment for the surrounding sea area, but also converts part of the wave energy into electric energy, and rationally utilizes ocean wave energy resources.
  • nets are arranged at the bottom of the floating breakwater.
  • the specific size and material of the nets can be adjusted according to specific actual sea conditions, and a sinker is hung at the bottom of the nets, which can effectively reduce long-period waves. To a certain extent, it can improve the damping performance of floating breakwaters, and at the same time, it is also beneficial to protect the structural stability of floating breakwaters.
  • the two-way impulse turbine generator set in the present invention is placed in the airflow duct.
  • the wave energy conversion rate of the device is relatively high.
  • the airflow channel entrance above the air chamber is designed into the shape of a collector cover.
  • Increasing the flow rate of the airflow that drives the two-way impulse turbine generator set can also improve the utilization of air kinetic energy in the air chamber; at the same time, the wave energy is transmitted through the compressed air in the air chamber, so that the generator set does not directly contact the sea water, which can reduce
  • the damage to its structure by waves can also avoid seawater corrosion, improve its adaptability in the marine environment, increase its service life, and facilitate subsequent maintenance and repair work.
  • the present invention can arrange multiple floating breakwater structural units according to actual sea conditions and electricity demand.
  • Each floating breakwater structural unit is connected by a rubber ring and an anchor chain, thereby improving the overall utilization of wave energy
  • the wave absorbing performance of the floating breakwater is improved accordingly.
  • the present invention has the advantages of good wave elimination effect, high power generation conversion efficiency, stable structure, convenient installation, short construction period, easy maintenance and the like.
  • Figure 1 is a front view of the single-section floating breakwater of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a top view of the single-section floating breakwater of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a left side view of the single-section floating breakwater of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a top view of the combined multi-section floating breakwater in the embodiment
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in Figure 2;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of oscillating water column wave energy generation in the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the generator set in the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the rotating impeller in the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the bearing housing cover and the stator of the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the aerodynamic principle of the two-way impact turbine in the present invention.
  • the box-shaped floating breakwater adopts a catenary mooring system.
  • the arrangement of the floating breakwater is perpendicular to the main wave direction of the protection area (the incident direction of the wave is 90°), and the main form of motion response is horizontal oscillation. , Heaving and rolling, as well as tiny swaying movements. Therefore, in the mooring system of the present invention, the control of the swaying movement of the floating breakwater is the main consideration, and the restoring force of the floating breakwater should also be considered.
  • two anchor chains are arranged on each side of a single floating breakwater unit.
  • each of the four top ends Arrange a set of anchor chains, set water inlets on the face of the square box floating breakwater, install the two-way impulse turbine generator set in the air flow channel, and install the energy storage device inside the square box floating breakwater.
  • the box-shaped floating breakwater can have both power generation and wave elimination functions.
  • the box-shaped floating breakwater 1 in this embodiment adopts a catenary anchoring system, and two anchor chains 2 are set on each side of the single-section box-shaped floating breakwater 1.
  • a certain length of mopping section anchor chain is left at the end of 2
  • the end of mopping section anchor chain 2 is connected with concrete anchor block 3.
  • the bottom of the square box floating breakwater 1 is provided with six equally spaced nets 4, and at the same time, to make the net 4 not easy to deform, the net 4 Hanging sinker 5 at the bottom.
  • the wave hits the facing surface of the box-shaped floating breakwater 1, under the combined action of the net 4 and the bottom sinker 5, the wave height behind the dike can be effectively reduced, and a relatively stable water environment is provided for the surrounding sea.
  • the draft of the single-section square box floating breakwater 1 is about half of its height (adjusted by the ballast tank 13), and the whole structure is partially submerged to ensure the bottom of the air chamber 8.
  • the air chamber 8 Always below sea level, above the liquid level is the air chamber 8.
  • the lower water inlet of the air chamber 8 connects the bottom water body of the air chamber 8 with seawater, the upper part of the air chamber 8 is air, and the lower part is seawater.
  • the box-shaped floating breakwater 1 can connect multiple floating breakwater structural units to form an overall structure according to actual sea conditions and electricity demand. As shown in the figure, there are 8 floating breakwater unit structures.
  • the multiple breakwater unit modules are connected by a rubber ring plus an anchor chain (connecting device 7).
  • each group of anchor chains 2 is arranged on the four top ends of the outer side, each group of anchor chains 2 is three, the anchoring angle of the anchor chain 2 is 0°/30°/60°, and a certain length of tow is left at the end of the mooring cable.
  • the end of the lot anchor chain 2, and the end of the mopping anchor chain 2 are connected with the concrete anchor block 3.
  • Multiple floating breakwater structural units are connected into an integral structure to expand the protection sea area of the floating breakwater, and because part of the wave energy is converted into electric energy, the wave absorbing performance of the floating breakwater is correspondingly improved.
  • the above-mentioned square box floating breakwater 1 can flexibly adjust the movement range and working range of the floating body through the mooring system, and at the same time, it can adapt to the sea areas of different water depths. It is less affected by the seabed topography and geological conditions, and has a wider application range. For extensive.
  • the wave trough acts on the air chamber 8
  • the liquid level in the air chamber 8 drops, and the air pressure in the air chamber 8 decreases; when the air pressure in the air chamber 8 is lower than the outside atmospheric pressure, the air passes above the air chamber 8.
  • the airflow channel 9 of the airflow flows into the air chamber 8.
  • the air drives the generator set 10 in the airflow channel 9 to generate electricity. Therefore, the mutual conversion of wave energy to electric energy is the alternating conversion of wave crests and troughs into the up and down oscillation of the water column in the air chamber 8, thereby driving the reciprocating flow of air in the air flow channel 9, and then driving the two-way impulse turbine in the air flow channel 9 to generate electricity Unit 10 generates electricity.
  • the water column in the air chamber 8 has a fixed fluctuating frequency.
  • the water rushing into the air chamber 8 hits the back wall of the air chamber 8 and is reflected back. If it can be in the same direction as the descending water column, it will resonate with the waves.
  • the size makes the frequency of the indoor water column oscillation similar to that of the outside wave, and the amplitude of the resonant water column fluctuation will be much higher than that of the wave, which greatly increases the gas flow rate and improves the conversion efficiency of the system.
  • the generator set 10 includes a two-way impulse turbine, a permanent magnet three-phase generator 17 and a generator set protective cover 16. Since the permanent magnet three-phase generator 17 is relatively heavy, it is necessary to provide a support structure 22 inside the generator set protective cover 16 to ensure the safety and reliability of the overall structure.
  • the turbine includes a rotating impeller 20, stationary blades 19 and a bearing housing 18.
  • the blades on the rotating impeller 20 are moving, and are called moving blades 23; stationary blades 19 on both sides of the moving blades It is a stationary blade (the stationary blade 19 for short), and the stationary blade 19 is fixed on the protective cover 16.
  • the rotating impeller 20 is installed between the bearing housings on both sides.
  • the bearing housing cover 18 is fixed to the protective cover 16 by the stator blade 19.
  • the generator set 10 is fixed in the airflow channel 9.
  • the rotor blades 23 of the two-way impulse turbine will rotate.
  • the blades of the rotating impeller 20 drive the middle rotating shaft 21 to rotate.
  • the magnetic three-phase generator 17 is drivingly connected with the rotating shaft 21, and the rotation of the rotating shaft 21 drives the rotation of the shaft of the permanent magnet three-phase generator 17, which drives the permanent magnet three-phase generator 17 to generate three-phase alternating current.
  • the current and voltage generated by the permanent magnet three-phase generator 17 also change.
  • the generated electricity is rectified by the controller, changed from alternating current to direct current with a certain voltage, and charged to the energy storage device 12 for subsequent use.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the rotating impeller 20. In order to improve its rotation efficiency, a total of 24 blades are provided, and the cross section of the blades is crescent-shaped.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the bearing housing cover 18 and the stator blade 19.
  • FIG. 10 As shown in FIG. 10, four moving blades 23 and the stationary blades 19 on both sides thereof are taken.
  • the middle crescent shape is the blade section of the rotating impeller 20, and the upper and lower sections are the sections of the stationary blades 19.
  • the air flow in the turbine is axial, which is the vertical direction in the figure.
  • Figure 10(a) when the air flow is flowing downwards, it is turned by the stator blade 19, and the turning air flow is sprayed to the concave surface of the rotor blade 23 to form a force F , Push the rotor 23 forward.
  • the gas after the work is discharged from the other side of the vane 19.
  • the box-shaped floating breakwater 1 of the present invention adopts a catenary mooring method.
  • a water inlet 6 is provided on the wave facing surface of the floating breakwater, and waves enter from the water inlet 6 on the wave facing surface of the floating breakwater.
  • a water column that oscillates up and down is formed inside the air chamber 8. The water column vibrates up and down to force the gas in the air chamber 8 to compress and expand, and reciprocate through the air flow channel 9 at the top of the air chamber 8, thereby pushing the two-way impulse turbine generator set in the air flow channel 9 to generate electricity , And stored in the energy storage device for use.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un brise-lames flottant en forme de boîte rectangulaire muni d'un dispositif de génération d'énergie des vagues utilisant une colonne d'eau oscillante. Une entrée de vagues d'eau est agencée sur une surface faisant face aux vagues d'eau du bise-lames flottant en forme de boîte rectangulaire. Un générateur est monté dans un canal d'écoulement d'air. Des vagues entrent dans une chambre à air par l'intermédiaire de l'entrée d'eau sur la surface faisant face aux vagues d'eau du brise-lames flottant de façon à produire une oscillation verticale d'une colonne d'eau. La colonne d'eau oscille verticalement, de telle sorte que l'air dans la chambre à air se comprime et se dilate, et effectue un mouvement de va-et-vient à travers le canal d'écoulement d'air au niveau d'une partie supérieure de la chambre à air de façon à entraîner le générateur pour générer de l'énergie, puis, l'énergie est stockée, au moyen d'un dispositif de transmission, dans un dispositif de stockage d'énergie prêt à être utilisé. L'invention présente une structure simple et stable, à faibles coûts de construction et ayant une efficacité élevée de génération et de conversion d'énergie, la structure étant facile à entretenir, et pouvant être très adaptée. L'invention peut être disposée sur une côte, près de la côte, ou dans des eaux côtières, ce qui permet d'utiliser efficacement un espace marin, et de réduire l'impact des vagues ; l'invention permet d'offrir un environnement d'eau stable dans une région marine environnante, de convertir l'énergie des vagues en électricité, et d'utiliser de manière appropriée les ressources d'énergie des vagues de l'océan.
PCT/CN2019/116458 2019-04-29 2019-11-08 Brise-lames flottant en forme de boîte rectangulaire muni d'un dispositif de génération d'énergie des vagues utilisant une colonne d'eau oscillante WO2020220634A1 (fr)

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CN201910353849.X 2019-04-29
CN201910353849.XA CN110184993A (zh) 2019-04-29 2019-04-29 一种具有振荡水柱式波浪能发电装置的方箱型浮式防波堤

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