WO2020216365A1 - 一种发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理系统和方法 - Google Patents

一种发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理系统和方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020216365A1
WO2020216365A1 PCT/CN2020/086861 CN2020086861W WO2020216365A1 WO 2020216365 A1 WO2020216365 A1 WO 2020216365A1 CN 2020086861 W CN2020086861 W CN 2020086861W WO 2020216365 A1 WO2020216365 A1 WO 2020216365A1
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Prior art keywords
electric field
anode
cathode
exhaust gas
vocs
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PCT/CN2020/086861
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
唐万福
赵晓云
王大祥
段志军
邹永安
奚勇
Original Assignee
上海必修福企业管理有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN202010295734.2A external-priority patent/CN113521984A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202010296602.1A external-priority patent/CN113522023A/zh
Application filed by 上海必修福企业管理有限公司 filed Critical 上海必修福企业管理有限公司
Priority to CN202080030932.4A priority Critical patent/CN113748258A/zh
Publication of WO2020216365A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020216365A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/38—Removing components of undefined structure
    • B01D53/44—Organic components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/01—Pretreatment of the gases prior to electrostatic precipitation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/01—Pretreatment of the gases prior to electrostatic precipitation
    • B03C3/011—Prefiltering; Flow controlling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/01—Pretreatment of the gases prior to electrostatic precipitation
    • B03C3/016—Pretreatment of the gases prior to electrostatic precipitation by acoustic or electromagnetic energy, e.g. ultraviolet light
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
    • B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
    • B03C3/06—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by presence of stationary tube electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/38—Particle charging or ionising stations, e.g. using electric discharge, radioactive radiation or flames
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/01—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust by means of electric or electrostatic separators

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of environmental protection, and relates to a system and method for processing VOCs in engine tail gas.
  • the engine's pollution to the environment mainly comes from engine exhaust, which is engine exhaust.
  • Engine exhaust contains a large amount of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NO x ), etc.
  • VOCs contained in engine exhaust mainly include hydrocarbons (alkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons, olefins), and hydrocarbon derivatives (halogenated hydrocarbons, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, structures containing N/S atoms) and so on.
  • VOCs are substances that can directly harm the human body and affect the health of the human body. They not only have a stimulating effect on human vision, smell, and respiratory systems, but also damage the heart, lungs and other organs and the nervous system.
  • VOCs can react with other pollutants in the atmospheric environment, causing local or global environmental problems.
  • sunlight ultraviolet light
  • VOCs can react photochemically with NOx to form fine suspended particles and photochemical smog. Harm to health and reduce crop production.
  • VOCs For high-concentration VOCs (greater than 5000mg/m 3 ), it is suitable for recovery and recycling. There are adsorption method, absorption method, membrane separation method, etc.
  • the physical adsorption method only converts VOCs from gaseous form to adsorbed state.
  • the organic matter of VOCs needs further treatment, and the adsorbent has to undergo repeated regeneration processes.
  • molecular degradation technology is often used to control, mainly including catalytic combustion method, photocatalysis method, low temperature plasma method, photolysis method, photocatalytic oxidation method, etc.
  • catalytic combustion technology is limited by high-priced metal catalysts, excessive energy consumption, catalyst poisoning and deactivation, and the flammable and explosive characteristics of VOCs at high temperatures.
  • the photocatalytic oxidation technology is a method that can achieve the decomposition of low-concentration VOCs at room temperature. It is considered a promising treatment process, but it is also limited by the deactivation of the catalyst and the regeneration of holes by electrons.
  • the photocatalytic oxidation technology can achieve high VOCs removal efficiency at the beginning of the reaction, but during the reaction process, photocatalytic oxidation intermediate deposits will be formed on the surface of the photocatalyst, resulting in a decrease in the catalytic activity of the photocatalyst.
  • UV degradation of VOCs technology is a simple method to eliminate VOCs.
  • UV degradation technology does not use catalysts, has lower cost and operability, and has attracted the attention of the industry.
  • UV photodegradation of VOCs has two reaction pathways: one reaction pathway is photolysis reaction, which can also be called photodissociation.
  • the typical technology is UV lamp, because the energy of short-wavelength ultraviolet photons is higher than that of chemical bonds in most pollutant molecules.
  • Bond energy the 185nm wavelength ultraviolet light emitted by the UV lamp has a higher energy (6.7eV), which can be used to destroy and decompose the chemical bond structure of various VOCs, including benzene, toluene, xylene and other difficult organic Molecular structure; another reaction pathway is the photooxidation reaction.
  • the high-energy photons produced by ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 185nm can activate O 2 and H 2 O water vapor molecules to produce a large number of active free radicals with strong oxidizing properties, such as O(1D ), O(3P), hydroxyl radicals (*OH), O 3, etc., can continue to oxidize and decompose VOCs molecules and their newly generated intermediate small molecules, thereby reducing the concentration of pollutants.
  • Electrostatic dust removal is a gas dust removal method, usually used in metallurgy, chemistry and other industrial fields to purify gas or recover useful dust particles.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a system and method for processing VOCs in engine exhaust, which is used to solve at least one of the problems of the prior art engine exhaust treatment system requiring regular maintenance and unstable effects. Solve the problem that the prior art cannot effectively remove the VOCs component in the engine exhaust.
  • the inventor of the present application has discovered new problems in the technology of ultraviolet treatment of exhaust gas containing VOCs through research, and found corresponding technical means to solve these problems.
  • the prior art did not recognize it, but the inventor of the present application found that the product after UV irradiation treatment of exhaust gas containing VOCs contains nanoparticles, especially particles below 50nm, especially particles around 23nm, so it needs to be discharged to The operation of removing nanoparticles is carried out before the air.
  • the inventors of the present application found that the electric field dust removal system they invented can effectively remove the nanoparticles in the products after UV treatment of the exhaust gas containing VOCs, especially the particles below 50nm, and avoid secondary pollution, thus solving the problem for those skilled in the art. Did not recognize the technical problems, and achieved unexpected technical effects.
  • the inventors of the present application have discovered new problems in the existing ionization dust removal technology through research, and solved them through a series of technical means.
  • the present invention installs a water removal device in front of the tail gas electric field device to remove liquid water in the tail gas, and improve the effect of photolysis VOCs and ionization dust removal; under high temperature conditions, by controlling the dust collecting area of the tail gas electric field device anode and the cathode
  • the discharge area ratio, the length of the cathode/anode, the distance between the electrodes and the auxiliary electric field, etc. effectively reduce the electric field coupling, and make the exhaust electric field device still have a high-efficiency dust collection capacity under high temperature impact. Therefore, the present invention is suitable for operation under severe conditions and ensures the removal efficiency of VOCs and the removal efficiency of nanoparticles in the exhaust gas. Therefore, from a commercial point of view, the present
  • Example 1 provided by the present invention: a system for processing VOCs in engine exhaust, including:
  • It also includes an ultraviolet device and a tail gas electric field device, and the ultraviolet device and the tail gas electric field device are sequentially arranged along the flow channel from the inlet to the outlet.
  • Example 2 provided by the present invention: including the above example 1, wherein the ultraviolet device includes at least one ultraviolet lamp.
  • Example 3 provided by the present invention including the above example 1 or 2, wherein the ultraviolet light provided by the ultraviolet lamp is single-peak ultraviolet light or double-peak ultraviolet light.
  • Example 4 provided by the present invention includes any one of the foregoing Examples 1-3, wherein the main peak of the single-peak ultraviolet light provided by the ultraviolet lamp is 253.7 nm or 185 nm.
  • Example 5 provided by the present invention includes any one of the above examples 1-4, wherein the main peaks of the double-peak ultraviolet light provided by the ultraviolet lamp are 253.7 nm and 185 nm, respectively.
  • Example 6 provided by the present invention: including the above example 1, wherein the exhaust electric field device includes an electric field device inlet, an electric field device outlet, an electric field cathode and an electric field anode, and the electric field cathode and the electric field anode are used to generate exhaust gas ionization Dust removal electric field.
  • the exhaust electric field device includes an electric field device inlet, an electric field device outlet, an electric field cathode and an electric field anode, and the electric field cathode and the electric field anode are used to generate exhaust gas ionization Dust removal electric field.
  • Example 7 provided by the present invention: including the above example 6, wherein the electric field anode includes a first anode part and a second anode part, the first anode part is close to the entrance of the electric field device, and the second anode part is close to the outlet of the electric field device At least one cathode support plate is arranged between the first anode part and the second anode part.
  • Example 8 provided by the present invention: It includes any one of the above examples 1-7, wherein the exhaust electric field device further includes an exhaust gas insulation mechanism for realizing the connection between the cathode support plate and the electric field anode insulation.
  • Example 9 provided by the present invention: including the above example 8, wherein an electric field flow channel is formed between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode, and the exhaust gas insulation mechanism is arranged outside the electric field flow channel.
  • Example 10 provided by the present invention: including the above examples 8 or 9, wherein the exhaust gas insulation mechanism includes an insulating part and a heat insulating part; the material of the insulating part is a ceramic material or a glass material.
  • Example 11 provided by the present invention: including the above example 10, wherein the insulating portion is an umbrella-shaped string ceramic column, an umbrella-shaped string glass column, a columnar string ceramic column or a columnar glass column, with glaze on the inside and outside of the umbrella or the inside and outside of the column.
  • the insulating portion is an umbrella-shaped string ceramic column, an umbrella-shaped string glass column, a columnar string ceramic column or a columnar glass column, with glaze on the inside and outside of the umbrella or the inside and outside of the column.
  • Example 12 provided by the present invention: including the above example 11, wherein the distance between the outer edge of the umbrella string ceramic column or the umbrella string glass column and the electric field anode is more than 1.4 times the electric field distance, and the umbrella string ceramic column Or the sum of the pitch of the umbrella ledge of the umbrella-shaped glass column is 1.4 times or more of the insulation pitch of the umbrella-shaped ceramic column or umbrella-shaped glass column.
  • the total length of the umbrella edge of the umbrella-shaped ceramic column or umbrella-shaped glass column is the umbrella.
  • the insulation distance of the shaped string ceramic column or umbrella string glass column is more than 1.4 times.
  • Example 13 provided by the present invention: including any one of the above examples 7 to 12, wherein the length of the first anode portion is 1/10 to 1/4, 1/4 to the length of the electric field anode 1/3, 1/3 to 1/2, 1/2 to 2/3, 2/3 to 3/4, or 3/4 to 9/10.
  • Example 14 provided by the present invention includes any one of the above examples 7 to 13, wherein the length of the first anode part is long enough to remove some dust and reduce accumulation in the exhaust gas insulation mechanism and The dust on the cathode support plate reduces electric breakdown caused by dust.
  • Example 15 provided by the present invention includes any one of the above examples 7 to 14, wherein the second anode part includes a dust accumulation section and a reserved dust accumulation section.
  • Example 16 provided by the present invention: includes any one of the above examples 6 to 15, wherein the electric field cathode includes at least one electrode rod.
  • Example 17 provided by the present invention: including the above example 16, wherein the diameter of the electrode rod is not greater than 3 mm.
  • Example 18 provided by the present invention: including the above examples 16 or 17, wherein the shape of the electrode rod is needle-like, polygonal, burr-like, threaded rod-like or column-like.
  • Example 19 provided by the present invention: including any one of the above examples 6 to 18, wherein the electric field anode is composed of a hollow tube bundle.
  • Example 20 provided by the present invention: includes the above example 19, wherein the hollow cross section of the electric field anode tube bundle is circular or polygonal.
  • Example 21 provided by the present invention: includes the above example 20, wherein the polygon is a hexagon.
  • Example 22 provided by the present invention: includes any one of the above examples 19 to 21, wherein the tube bundle of the electric field anode is in a honeycomb shape.
  • Example 23 provided by the present invention: includes any one of the above examples 6 to 22, wherein the electric field cathode penetrates the electric field anode.
  • Example 24 provided by the present invention: includes any one of the foregoing Examples 6 to 23, wherein the length of the electric field anode is 10-90 mm, and the length of the electric field cathode is 10-90 mm.
  • Example 25 provided by the present invention: including the above example 24, wherein when the electric field temperature is 200°C, the corresponding dust collection efficiency is 99.9%.
  • Example 26 provided by the present invention: including the above examples 24 or 25, wherein when the electric field temperature is 400° C., the corresponding dust collection efficiency is 90%.
  • Example 27 provided by the present invention: includes any one of the foregoing Examples 24 to 26, wherein when the electric field temperature is 500° C., the corresponding dust collection efficiency is 50%.
  • Example 28 includes any one of the foregoing Examples 1 to 27, wherein the exhaust electric field device further includes an auxiliary electric field unit for generating an auxiliary electric field that is not parallel to the exhaust ionization and dust removal electric field.
  • Example 29 includes any one of the foregoing Examples 1 to 27, wherein the exhaust electric field device further includes an auxiliary electric field unit, the exhaust ionization dust removal electric field includes a flow channel, and the auxiliary electric field unit uses To generate an auxiliary electric field that is not perpendicular to the flow channel.
  • the example 30 provided by the present invention includes the above example 28 or 29, wherein the auxiliary electric field unit includes a first electrode, and the first electrode of the auxiliary electric field unit is arranged at or near the entrance of the exhaust gas ionization and dust removal electric field.
  • Example 31 provided by the present invention: includes the above example 30, wherein the first electrode is a cathode.
  • Example 32 provided by the present invention: includes the above example 30 or 31, wherein the first electrode of the auxiliary electric field unit is an extension of the electric field cathode.
  • Example 34 includes any one of the foregoing Examples 28 to 33, wherein the auxiliary electric field unit includes a second electrode, and the second electrode of the auxiliary electric field unit is arranged at or near the exhaust gas ionization The outlet of the dedusting electric field.
  • Example 35 provided by the present invention: including the above example 34, wherein the second electrode is an anode.
  • Example 36 provided by the present invention: includes the above example 34 or 35, wherein the second electrode of the auxiliary electric field unit is an extension of the electric field anode.
  • Example 38 provided by the present invention: includes any one of the foregoing Examples 28 to 31, 34, and 35, wherein the electrode of the auxiliary electric field and the electrode of the exhaust gas ionization dust removal electric field are arranged independently.
  • Example 39 provided by the present invention: includes any one of the foregoing Examples 6 to 38, wherein the ratio of the dust accumulation area of the electric field anode to the discharge area of the electric field cathode is 1.667:1 to 1680:1.
  • Example 40 provided by the present invention: includes any one of the foregoing Examples 6 to 38, wherein the ratio of the dust accumulation area of the electric field anode to the discharge area of the electric field cathode is 6.67:1 to 56.67:1.
  • Example 41 provided by the present invention: includes any one of the above examples 6 to 40, wherein the diameter of the electric field cathode is 1-3 mm, and the distance between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode is 2.5-139.9 Mm; the ratio of the dust accumulation area of the electric field anode to the discharge area of the electric field cathode is 1.667:1 to 1680:1
  • Example 42 provided by the present invention: includes any one of the foregoing Examples 6 to 40, wherein the distance between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode is less than 150 mm.
  • Example 43 provided by the present invention: includes any one of the foregoing Examples 6 to 40, wherein the distance between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode is 2.5-139.9 mm.
  • Example 44 provided by the present invention: includes any one of the foregoing Examples 6 to 40, wherein the distance between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode is 5-100 mm.
  • Example 45 provided by the present invention: includes any one of the foregoing Examples 6 to 44, wherein the length of the electric field anode is 10-180 mm.
  • Example 46 provided by the present invention: includes any one of the foregoing Examples 6 to 44, wherein the length of the electric field anode is 60-180 mm.
  • Example 47 provided by the present invention: includes any one of the foregoing Examples 6 to 46, wherein the length of the electric field cathode is 30-180 mm.
  • Example 48 provided by the present invention: includes any one of the foregoing Examples 6 to 46, wherein the electric field cathode length is 54-176 mm.
  • Example 49 provided by the present invention: includes any one of the foregoing Examples 39 to 48, wherein, when operating, the number of coupling times of the exhaust gas ionization and dust removal electric field is ⁇ 3.
  • Example 50 provided by the present invention: includes any one of the foregoing Examples 28 to 48, wherein, when operating, the number of coupling times of the exhaust gas ionization and dust removal electric field is ⁇ 3.
  • Example 51 provided by the present invention: includes any one of the foregoing Examples 6 to 50, wherein the electric field voltage of the tail gas ionization and dust removal has a value range of 1kv-50kv.
  • Example 52 includes any one of the above examples 6 to 51, wherein the exhaust electric field device further includes a number of connecting shells, and the series electric field stages are connected through the connecting shells.
  • Example 53 provided by the present invention: includes the above example 52, wherein the distance between adjacent electric field levels is greater than 1.4 times the pole pitch.
  • Example 54 provided by the present invention: includes any one of the above-mentioned Examples 1 to 53, which further includes a water removal device for removing liquid water before the entrance of the electric field device.
  • Example 55 includes the above-mentioned example 54, wherein, when the exhaust gas temperature or the engine temperature is lower than a certain temperature, the water removal device removes liquid water in the exhaust gas.
  • Example 56 provided by the present invention: including the above example 55, wherein the certain temperature is above 90°C and below 100°C.
  • Example 57 provided by the present invention: including the above example 55, wherein the certain temperature is above 80°C and below 90°C.
  • Example 58 provided by the present invention: includes the above example 55, wherein the certain temperature is below 80°C.
  • Example 59 provided by the present invention: includes any one of the foregoing Examples 1 to 58, wherein the exhaust gas cooling device is further included for reducing the exhaust gas temperature before the entrance of the electric field device.
  • Example 60 provided by the present invention: includes the above example 59, wherein the exhaust gas cooling device includes a heat exchange unit for performing heat exchange with the exhaust gas of the engine to heat the liquid heat exchange medium in the heat exchange unit into a gaseous state The heat exchange medium.
  • Example 61 provided by the present invention: includes the above example 60, wherein the heat exchange unit includes:
  • the exhaust gas passage cavity is connected with the exhaust pipe of the engine, and the exhaust gas passage cavity is used for the exhaust gas of the engine to pass through;
  • the medium gasification chamber is used for converting the liquid heat exchange medium into a gas after heat exchange with the tail gas.
  • Example 62 provided by the present invention: includes any one of the above examples 60 to 61, wherein the exhaust gas cooling device further includes a heat preservation pipe connected to the exhaust pipe of the engine and the heat exchange unit between.
  • Example 63 provided by the present invention: includes any one of the above examples 59 to 62, wherein the exhaust gas cooling device includes a fan that cools the exhaust gas before passing air into the entrance of the electric field device The role of.
  • Example 64 provided by the present invention: including the above example 63, wherein the air introduced is 50% to 300% of the exhaust gas.
  • Example 65 provided by the present invention: including the above example 63, wherein the air introduced is 100% to 180% of the exhaust gas.
  • Example 66 provided by the present invention: including the above example 63, wherein the air introduced is 120% to 150% of the exhaust gas.
  • Example 67 provided by the present invention: includes any one of the foregoing Examples 1 to 66, wherein the engine further includes an engine.
  • Example 68 includes any one of the above examples 1 to 67, wherein the VOCs processing system in the engine exhaust further includes an adsorption device, and the adsorption device is arranged between the ultraviolet device and the electric field Between devices.
  • Example 69 provided by the present invention: includes the above example 68, wherein the adsorption device is provided with an adsorption material.
  • Example 70 provided by the present invention: includes the above example 69, wherein the adsorption material includes at least one of activated carbon and molecular sieve.
  • Example 71 provided by the present invention: A method for processing VOCs in engine exhaust, including the following steps:
  • the engine exhaust is subjected to UV treatment to obtain the product after UV treatment;
  • the product after UV treatment of engine exhaust is subjected to electric field dust removal treatment to remove particulate matter in the product after UV treatment.
  • Example 72 provided by the present invention: including Example 71, wherein the method for treating VOCs in engine exhaust gas further includes subjecting the product after UV treatment to adsorption treatment before the electric field dust removal treatment.
  • Example 73 provided by the present invention: including Example 72, wherein the adsorbent for the adsorption treatment is activated carbon and/or molecular sieve.
  • Example 74 provided by the present invention: includes any one of Examples 71-73, wherein at least one ultraviolet lamp is used during UV treatment.
  • Example 75 provided by the present invention: includes any one of the foregoing Examples 71-74, wherein the ultraviolet light provided by the ultraviolet lamp is single-peak ultraviolet light or double-peak ultraviolet light.
  • Example 76 provided by the present invention: includes any one of the foregoing Examples 71-75, wherein the main peak of the single-peak ultraviolet light provided by the ultraviolet lamp is 253.7 nm or 185 nm.
  • Example 77 provided by the present invention: includes the above examples 71-76, wherein the main peaks of the dual-peak ultraviolet light provided by the ultraviolet lamp are 253.7 nm and 185 nm, respectively.
  • Example 78 provided by the present invention: including any one of Examples 71-77, the electric field dust removal processing method further includes: a method for reducing electric field coupling of engine exhaust dust removal, including the following steps:
  • Example 79 provided by the present invention: includes Example 78, which includes selecting the ratio of the dust collection area of the electric field anode to the discharge area of the electric field cathode.
  • Example 80 provided by the present invention includes Example 79, wherein the ratio of the dust accumulation area of the electric field anode to the discharge area of the electric field cathode is selected to be 1.667:1 to 1680:1.
  • Example 81 provided by the present invention includes Example 79, wherein the ratio of the dust accumulation area of the electric field anode to the discharge area of the electric field cathode is selected to be 6.67:1 to 56.67:1.
  • Example 82 provided by the present invention: including any one of Examples 78 to 81, including selecting the electric field cathode to have a diameter of 1-3 mm, and the distance between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode to be 2.5-139.9 mm
  • the ratio of the dust accumulation area of the electric field anode to the discharge area of the electric field cathode is 1.667:1 to 1680:1.
  • Example 83 provided by the present invention: includes any one of Examples 78 to 82, wherein the distance between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode is selected to be less than 150 mm.
  • Example 84 provided by the present invention: includes any one of Examples 78 to 82, wherein the distance between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode is selected to be 2.5-139.9 mm.
  • Example 85 provided by the present invention: includes any one of Examples 78 to 82, wherein the distance between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode is selected to be 5-100 mm.
  • Example 86 provided by the present invention: includes any one of Examples 78 to 85, including selecting the electric field anode length to be 10-180 mm.
  • Example 87 provided by the present invention: includes any one of Examples 78 to 85, which includes selecting the electric field anode length to be 60-180 mm.
  • Example 88 provided by the present invention: includes any one of Examples 78 to 87, including selecting the electric field cathode length to be 30-180 mm.
  • Example 89 provided by the present invention: includes any one of Examples 78 to 87, including selecting the electric field cathode length to be 54-176 mm.
  • Example 90 provided by the present invention: includes any one of Examples 78 to 89, wherein it includes selecting that the electric field cathode includes at least one electrode rod.
  • Example 91 provided by the present invention: including Example 90, which includes selecting the electrode rod to have a diameter not greater than 3 mm.
  • Example 92 provided by the present invention: includes example 90 or 91, which includes selecting the shape of the electrode rod to be needle, polygon, burr, threaded rod, or column.
  • Example 93 provided by the present invention: includes any one of Examples 78 to 92, wherein it includes selecting that the electric field anode is composed of a hollow tube bundle.
  • Example 94 provided by the present invention: including Example 93, wherein the hollow section including the anode tube bundle is selected to be circular or polygonal.
  • Example 95 provided by the present invention: includes Example 94, which includes selecting the polygon as a hexagon.
  • Example 96 provided by the present invention: includes any one of Examples 93 to 95, wherein the tube bundle including the selection of the electric field anode is in a honeycomb shape.
  • Example 97 provided by the present invention: includes any one of Examples 78 to 96, wherein it includes selecting the electric field cathode to penetrate into the electric field anode.
  • Example 98 provided by the present invention: includes any one of Examples 78 to 97, wherein the size of the electric field anode or/and the electric field cathode is selected such that the number of electric field couplings is ⁇ 3.
  • Example 99 provided by the present invention: including any one of Examples 71-98, the electric field dust removal treatment method further includes: an engine exhaust dust removal method, including the following steps: when the exhaust gas temperature is lower than 100°C, the exhaust gas is removed The liquid water is then ionized to remove dust.
  • an engine exhaust dust removal method including the following steps: when the exhaust gas temperature is lower than 100°C, the exhaust gas is removed The liquid water is then ionized to remove dust.
  • Example 100 provided by the present invention: including Example 99, where the exhaust gas is ionized to remove dust when the exhaust gas temperature is ⁇ 100°C.
  • Example 101 provided by the present invention: including Example 99 or 100, wherein when the exhaust gas temperature is ⁇ 90°C, the liquid water in the exhaust gas is removed, and then the dust is removed by ionization.
  • Example 102 provided by the present invention: includes Example 99 or 100, wherein when the exhaust gas temperature is ⁇ 80°C, the liquid water in the exhaust gas is removed, and then the dust is removed by ionization.
  • Example 103 provided by the present invention: includes Example 99 or 100, wherein when the exhaust gas temperature is ⁇ 70°C, the liquid water in the exhaust gas is removed, and then the dust is removed by ionization.
  • Example 104 provided by the present invention: including Example 99 or 100, wherein the liquid water in the tail gas is removed by an electrocoagulation defogging method, and then ionization is used to remove dust.
  • Example 105 provided by the present invention: includes any one of Examples 71 to 104, wherein the product after UV treatment of exhaust gas contains nanoparticles, and the removal of particulate matter in the product after UV treatment of exhaust gas includes removing the UV treatment exhaust gas Nanoparticles in the final product.
  • Example 106 provided by the present invention: includes any one of Examples 71 to 105, wherein the product after UV treatment of exhaust gas contains particulate matter less than 50nm, and the removal of particulate matter in the product after UV treatment of the exhaust gas includes removing UV After processing the exhaust gas, the particulate matter smaller than 50nm in the product.
  • Example 107 provided by the present invention: includes any one of Examples 71 to 106, wherein the product after UV treatment of exhaust gas contains 15-35 nanometers of particulate matter, and the product after removal of UV treatment exhaust gas includes particulate matter Remove 15-35 nanometer particles in the product after UV treatment.
  • Example 108 provided by the present invention: includes any one of Examples 71 to 107, wherein the product after UV treatment of exhaust gas contains 23nm particulate matter, and the removal of particulate matter in the product after UV treatment of the exhaust gas includes removal of UV treatment 23nm particles in the product after the exhaust.
  • Example 109 provided by the present invention: includes any one of Examples 71 to 108, wherein the removal rate of 23nm particulate matter in the product after removing the UV-treated tail gas is ⁇ 93%.
  • Example 110 provided by the present invention: includes any one of Examples 71 to 109, wherein the removal rate of 23nm particulate matter in the product after removing the UV-treated tail gas is ⁇ 95%.
  • Example 111 provided by the present invention: includes any one of Examples 71 to 110, wherein the removal rate of 23nm particulate matter in the product after removing the UV-treated tail gas is ⁇ 99.99%.
  • the product after UV treatment of exhaust gas contains nanoparticles in the "nanoparticulate matter" refers to particulate matter with a particle size of less than 1 ⁇ m.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of an exhaust gas treatment device in an engine exhaust dust removal system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of an umbrella-shaped exhaust gas insulation mechanism in an exhaust gas treatment device of the engine exhaust dust removal system of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of an engine exhaust dust removal system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electric field generating unit in Embodiments 3-8, 10-13, and 15-18 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is an A-A view of the electric field generating unit of Fig. 4 in embodiment 3, embodiment 6 and embodiment 13 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is an A-A view of the electric field generating unit of Fig. 4 with length and angle marked in embodiment 3 and embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the electric field device structure of two electric field levels in Embodiment 3, Embodiment 6 and Embodiment 13 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric field device in Embodiment 19 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric field device in Embodiment 21 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric field device in Embodiment 22 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an exhaust gas cooling device in embodiment 24 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the flow chart of the test device of Example 25 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 13 is a curve of the VOCs concentration and the VOCs removal rate at the outlet of the electric field device of Example 25 of the present invention over time.
  • Fig. 14 is a curve of the CO 2 concentration at the outlet of the electric field device of Example 25 of the present invention as a function of processing time.
  • Fig. 15 is a curve of PM2.5 at the outlet of the electric field device of Example 25 of the present invention with processing time.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of the flow chart of the test device of Example 31 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 17 is a curve of VOCs concentration changes with time at the air inlet, air outlet, and air outlet of the adsorption device when purifying low VOCs concentration in Example 31 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 18 is a graph showing the change of CO 2 concentration at the inlet, outlet, and outlet of the adsorption device of the ultraviolet device with time when purifying low VOCs concentration in Example 31 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 19 is a curve of VOCs concentration change with time at the air inlet, air outlet, and air outlet of the adsorption device when purifying high VOCs concentration in Example 31 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 20 is a graph showing the change of CO 2 concentration at the inlet, outlet, and outlet of the adsorption device of the ultraviolet device with time when purifying high VOCs concentration in Example 31 of the present invention.
  • the engine exhaust dust removal system of the present invention is connected with the outlet of the engine.
  • the exhaust gas emitted by the engine will flow through the engine exhaust dust removal system.
  • a gas treatment system for VOCs in engine exhaust which includes: an inlet, an outlet, and a flow channel between the inlet and the outlet; and an ultraviolet device, an exhaust electric field device, and the ultraviolet device ,
  • the tail gas electric field device is arranged along the flow channel in sequence from the inlet to the outlet.
  • the technical effects obtained by the combination of UV treatment + electric field dust removal and purification of VOCs gas are as follows:
  • the research of the present invention has found that the products of the engine exhaust containing VOCs after UV irradiation treatment are not only CO 2 and H 2 O, but also large-molecular-weight nano-scale solid particles.
  • the present invention is verified by a large amount of experimental data: UV-treated exhaust The content of PM2.5 in the product after UV irradiation increased significantly, and the nano-sized particles in the UV treatment product increased significantly.
  • the PN value of solid particles with a particle size of 23nm increased by more than 1 times. If the product is directly discharged after UV irradiation , Will cause secondary pollution. Therefore, the removal of particulate matter needs to be considered in the UV treatment of gas containing VOCs.
  • the prior art has not found any relevant research on the removal of nano-particles in the product after UV irradiation treatment, nor has it disclosed a technique for effectively removing the nano-particles in the gas.
  • the invention utilizes electric field dust removal to effectively remove nano particles in the product after UV irradiation treatment, and the removal efficiency of 23nm particles reaches more than 99.99%, avoiding secondary pollution.
  • the ultraviolet device includes at least one ultraviolet lamp.
  • the UV light provided by the ultraviolet lamp is single-peak ultraviolet light or double-peak ultraviolet light.
  • the main peak of the single peak ultraviolet light provided by the ultraviolet lamp is 253.7 nm or 185 nm.
  • the main peaks of the double-peak ultraviolet light provided by the ultraviolet lamp are 253.7 nm and 185 nm, respectively.
  • the VOCs processing system in engine exhaust further includes an adsorption device, and the adsorption device is arranged in the flow channel of the VOCs processing system in engine exhaust.
  • the adsorption device is located between the ultraviolet device and the electric field device.
  • the adsorption device includes an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet of the adsorption device communicates with the air outlet of the ultraviolet device, and the air outlet of the adsorption device is connected to the electric field.
  • the electric field device inlet of the device is connected.
  • the adsorption device is provided with an adsorption material
  • the adsorption material includes but not limited to activated carbon, molecular sieve, and also includes other adsorbable VOCs, VOCs in the photolysis process, ozone oxidation process, UV light the product and any intermediate product at least one substance adsorbent material excitation oxide generated during, for example, photolysis products adsorbing material 3 O VOCs.
  • the adsorption material includes at least one of hydrophilic engineered activated carbon and hydrophobic engineered molecular sieve.
  • the adsorption purification technology has the following functions:
  • UV light cannot completely treat VOCs in engine exhaust into CO 2 and H 2 O during the ultraviolet treatment stage, and will produce intermediate products, and cannot degrade all VOCs components.
  • H 2 O and UV light products are produced. e.g. O 3, OH -, and the intermediate product is not enough time to degradation and agglomeration VOCs are adsorbed component is adsorbed on the adsorbent material in the pores of the intermediate product and not enough time to UV degradation of the VOCs component O 3, OH - and other strong oxidants Under the action, it is further decomposed into CO 2 and H 2 O, desorbed from the pores of the adsorbent material, and assisted in the UV light treatment of VOCs. At the same time, it realizes online desorption to avoid adsorbent failure and ensure that the adsorbent can be reused. VOCs processing efficiency.
  • VOCs the amount of VOCs released is not constant in actual application operations.
  • concentration of VOCs is high, UV light cannot completely degrade VOCs, and the remaining VOCs (VOCs that are not degraded by UV during the UV purification stage) are adsorbed It is stored in the adsorbent material, concentrated and concentrated, and is further oxidized and decomposed again under the action of strong oxidizing agents such as O 3 , OH - and other products of UV light; when the concentration of VOCs is very low, the strong oxidizing ion hydroxyl radical ( *OH) Enter the adsorption device to further catalyze the VOCs stored in the adsorption material into CO 2 and H 2 O. This improves the efficiency of VOCs gas treatment, saves energy consumption, and can also realize the miniaturization of VOCs gas treatment equipment.
  • the adsorption material can absorb the ozone produced by photolysis.
  • the adsorbed ozone oxidizes the VOCs accumulated in the adsorption material, so that O 3 can be fully utilized, and the secondary pollution caused by ozone can be avoided.
  • the combination of ultraviolet purification and adsorption purification improves the efficiency of UV purification of VOCs gas, saves energy consumption, and makes the VOCs processing system in engine exhaust miniaturized.
  • a method for processing VOCs in engine exhaust includes the following steps:
  • the engine exhaust is subjected to UV treatment to obtain the product after UV treatment;
  • the product after UV treatment of exhaust gas is subjected to electric field dust removal treatment to remove particulate matter.
  • the method for treating VOCs in engine exhaust further includes performing electric field dust removal treatment on the gas before UV treatment.
  • the method for treating VOCs in engine exhaust further includes subjecting the product after UV treatment to the exhaust gas to be adsorbed, and then subjected to electric field dust removal treatment.
  • the adsorbent for the adsorption treatment is activated carbon and/or molecular sieve.
  • At least one ultraviolet lamp is used during the UV irradiation treatment.
  • the UV light provided by the ultraviolet lamp is single-wave peak ultraviolet light or double-wave peak ultraviolet light.
  • the main peak of the single peak ultraviolet light provided by the ultraviolet lamp is 253.7 nm or 185 nm.
  • the main peaks of the dual peak ultraviolet light provided by the ultraviolet lamp are 253.7 nm and 185 nm, respectively.
  • the product after UV treatment of exhaust gas contains nanoparticles
  • the removal of particles in the product after UV treatment of exhaust gas includes the removal of nanoparticles in the product after UV treatment of exhaust gas.
  • the product after UV treatment exhaust gas contains particles smaller than 50nm, and the product after removing UV treatment exhaust gas includes particles smaller than 50nm in the product after removing UV treatment exhaust gas.
  • the product after UV treatment of exhaust gas contains 15-35 nanometer particles
  • the product after removal of UV treatment exhaust gas includes 15-35 nanometers in the product after removing UV treatment exhaust gas. 35-nanometer particles.
  • the product after UV treatment of exhaust gas contains 23nm particulate matter
  • the product after removal of UV treatment exhaust gas includes 23nm particulate matter in the product after removal of UV treatment exhaust gas.
  • the removal rate of 23nm particles in the product after removing the UV-treated tail gas is ⁇ 93%.
  • the removal rate of 23nm particulate matter in the product after removing the UV treatment tail gas is ⁇ 95%.
  • the removal rate of 23nm particles in the product after removing the UV-treated tail gas is ⁇ 99.99%.
  • the inlet of the electric field device is connected with the outlet of the engine.
  • the exhaust electric field device may include an electric field cathode and an electric field anode, and an ionization dust removal electric field is formed between the electric field cathode and the electric field anode.
  • an ionization dust removal electric field is formed between the electric field cathode and the electric field anode.
  • the oxygen ions in the exhaust gas will be ionized and form a large amount of charged oxygen ions.
  • the oxygen ions combine with dust and other particles in the exhaust gas to charge the particles, and the electric field anode adsorbs the negatively charged particles Force, the particles are adsorbed on the anode of the electric field to remove the particles in the exhaust gas.
  • the electric field cathode includes a plurality of cathode wires.
  • the diameter of the cathode wire can be 0.1mm-20mm, and the size parameter can be adjusted according to the application situation and dust accumulation requirements. In an embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the cathode wire is not greater than 3 mm.
  • the cathode wire uses a metal wire or an alloy wire that is easy to discharge, is temperature-resistant, can support its own weight, and is electrochemically stable.
  • the material of the cathode wire is titanium. The specific shape of the cathode wire is adjusted according to the shape of the electric field anode.
  • the cathode wire For example, if the dust accumulation surface of the electric field anode is flat, the cross section of the cathode wire is circular; if the dust accumulation surface of the electric field anode is an arc surface, the cathode wire needs to be designed as Polyhedral. The length of the cathode wire is adjusted according to the electric field anode.
  • the electric field cathode includes a plurality of cathode rods.
  • the diameter of the cathode rod is not greater than 3 mm.
  • the cathode rod uses a metal rod or alloy rod that is easy to discharge.
  • the shape of the cathode rod can be needle-like, polygonal, burr-like, threaded rod-like or column-like. The shape of the cathode rod can be adjusted according to the shape of the electric field anode.
  • the cross section of the cathode rod needs to be designed to be circular; if the dust accumulation surface of the electric field anode is an arc surface, the cathode The rod needs to be designed in a multi-faceted shape.
  • the electric field cathode is penetrated in the electric field anode.
  • the electric field anode includes one or more hollow anode tubes arranged in parallel. When there are multiple hollow anode tubes, all the hollow anode tubes constitute a honeycomb electric field anode.
  • the cross section of the hollow anode tube may be circular or polygonal. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is circular, a uniform electric field can be formed between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode, and the inner wall of the hollow anode tube is not easy to accumulate dust. If the hollow anode tube has a triangular cross section, 3 dust accumulation surfaces and 3 remote dust holding angles can be formed on the inner wall of the hollow anode tube.
  • the hollow anode tube with this structure has the highest dust holding rate. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is quadrilateral, 4 dust accumulation surfaces and 4 dust holding angles can be obtained, but the assembly structure is unstable. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is hexagonal, 6 dust accumulation surfaces and 6 dust retention angles can be formed, and the dust accumulation surface and dust retention rate are balanced. If the cross section of the hollow anode tube is more polygonal, more dust accumulation edges can be obtained, but the dust holding rate is lost. In an embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the tube inscribed circle of the hollow anode tube ranges from 5 mm to 400 mm.
  • the electric field cathode is installed on the cathode support plate, and the cathode support plate and the electric field anode are connected through an exhaust gas insulation mechanism.
  • the electric field anode includes a first anode part and a second anode part, that is, the first anode part is close to the inlet of the dust removal device, and the second anode part is close to the outlet of the dust removal device.
  • the cathode support plate and the exhaust gas insulation mechanism are between the first anode part and the second anode part, that is, the exhaust gas insulation mechanism is installed in the middle of the ionization electric field or the middle of the electric field cathode, which can play a good supporting role for the electric field cathode. Play a fixed role relative to the electric field anode, keeping the set distance between the electric field cathode and the electric field anode.
  • the support point of the cathode is at the end of the cathode, and it is difficult to maintain the distance between the cathode and the anode.
  • the exhaust gas insulation mechanism is arranged outside the dust removal channel to prevent or reduce dust in the exhaust gas from accumulating on the exhaust gas insulation mechanism, causing the exhaust gas insulation mechanism to breakdown or conduct electricity.
  • the exhaust gas insulation mechanism uses high-voltage resistant ceramic insulators to insulate the electric field cathode and the electric field anode.
  • the electric field anode is also called a kind of housing.
  • the first anode part is located before the cathode support plate and the exhaust gas insulation mechanism in the gas flow direction.
  • the first anode part can remove water in the exhaust gas and prevent water from entering the exhaust gas insulation mechanism, causing short circuit of the exhaust gas insulation mechanism. Fire up.
  • the third anode part can remove a considerable part of the dust in the exhaust gas. When the exhaust gas passes through the exhaust gas insulation mechanism, a considerable part of the dust has been eliminated, reducing the possibility of short circuit caused by the exhaust gas insulation mechanism.
  • the exhaust gas insulation mechanism includes an insulating ceramic column. The design of the first anode part is mainly to protect the insulating ceramic pillars from being polluted by particles in the gas.
  • the electric field anode and the electric field cathode will be connected, which will invalidate the dust accumulation function of the electric field anode.
  • the design of the first anode part can effectively reduce the pollution of the insulating ceramic pillar and increase the service time of the product.
  • the first anode part and the electric field cathode first contact the polluting gas, and the exhaust gas insulation mechanism contacts the gas to achieve the purpose of first removing dust and then passing the exhaust gas insulation mechanism, reducing the impact on the exhaust gas insulation mechanism The pollution caused by the prolonged cleaning and maintenance cycle, the corresponding electrode insulation support after use.
  • the length of the first anode portion is long enough to remove some dust, reduce dust accumulated on the exhaust gas insulation mechanism and the cathode support plate, and reduce electric shock caused by dust wear.
  • the length of the first anode portion occupies 1/10 to 1/4, 1/4 to 1/3, 1/3 to 1/2, 1/2 to 2/3 of the total length of the electric field anode. 2/3 to 3/4, or 3/4 to 9/10.
  • the second anode part is located behind the cathode support plate and the exhaust gas insulation mechanism in the exhaust gas flow direction.
  • the second anode part includes a dust accumulation section and a reserved dust accumulation section.
  • the dust accumulation section uses static electricity to adsorb particulate matter in the exhaust gas.
  • the dust accumulation section is to increase the dust accumulation area and prolong the use time of the exhaust gas electric field device.
  • the reserved dust section can provide failure protection for the dust section.
  • the dust accumulation section is reserved to further increase the dust accumulation area under the premise of meeting the design dust removal requirements.
  • the dust accumulation section is reserved to supplement the dust accumulation in the front section.
  • the reserved dust accumulation section and the first anode part can use different power sources.
  • the exhaust gas insulation mechanism is arranged in the second-stage flow channel between the electric field cathode and the electric field anode. outer. Therefore, the exhaust gas insulation mechanism is suspended outside the electric field anode.
  • the exhaust gas insulation mechanism can be made of non-conductor temperature-resistant materials, such as ceramics, glass, etc.
  • the material insulation requirement for completely airtight air-free insulation requires insulation thickness> 0.3 mm/kv; air insulation requirement> 1.4 mm/kv.
  • the insulation distance can be set at more than 1.4 times the distance between the electric field cathode and the electric field anode.
  • the exhaust gas insulation mechanism uses ceramics, and the surface is glazed; adhesives or organic materials cannot be used for filling connections, and the temperature resistance is greater than 350 degrees Celsius.
  • the exhaust gas insulation mechanism includes an insulation part and a heat insulation part.
  • the material of the insulation part is ceramic material or glass material.
  • the insulating part may be an umbrella-shaped string of ceramic pillars or glass pillars with glaze on the inside and outside of the umbrella.
  • the distance between the outer edge of the umbrella string ceramic column or the glass column and the electric field anode is greater than or equal to 1.4 times the electric field distance, that is, greater than or equal to 1.4 times the electrode spacing.
  • the sum of the pitches of umbrella protrusions of the umbrella string ceramic columns or glass columns is greater than or equal to 1.4 times the insulation pitch of the umbrella string ceramic columns.
  • the total inner depth of the umbrella side of the umbrella string ceramic column or the glass column is greater than or equal to 1.4 times the insulation distance of the umbrella string ceramic column.
  • the insulating part can also be a columnar string of ceramic columns or glass columns with glaze on the inside and outside of the columns. In an embodiment of the present invention, the insulating portion may also be tower-shaped.
  • a heating rod is arranged in the insulating part, and when the temperature around the insulating part approaches the dew point, the heating rod is activated and heated. Due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the insulating part during use, condensation is likely to occur on the inside and outside of the insulating part.
  • the outer surface of the insulating part may spontaneously or be heated by gas to generate high temperature, and necessary isolation protection is required to prevent burns.
  • the heat insulation part includes a protective enclosure and a denitration purification reaction chamber located outside the second insulation part.
  • the end of the insulating part that needs condensation location also needs to be insulated to prevent the environment and the heat dissipation high temperature heating condensation component.
  • the lead-out line of the power supply of the exhaust electric field device is connected through the wall using umbrella-shaped string ceramic pillars or glass pillars, using flexible contacts to connect the cathode support plate in the wall, and plugging and unplugging the sealed insulating protective wiring cap outside the wall ,
  • the insulation distance between the lead wire and the wall conductor and the wall is greater than the ceramic insulation distance of the umbrella string ceramic column or glass column.
  • the high voltage part removes the lead wire and is directly installed on the end to ensure safety.
  • the overall external insulation of the high voltage module is protected by ip68, and the medium is used for heat exchange and heat dissipation.
  • the electric field anode and the electric field cathode are respectively electrically connected to the two electrodes of the power supply.
  • the voltage applied to the electric field anode and the electric field cathode needs to select an appropriate voltage level.
  • the specific voltage level selected depends on the volume, temperature resistance, and dust holding rate of the exhaust electric field device.
  • the voltage is from 1kv to 50kv; first consider the temperature resistance conditions in the design, the parameters of the pole spacing and temperature: 1MM ⁇ 30 degrees, the dust area is greater than 0.1 square / thousand cubic meters / hour, and the electric field length is greater than 5 of the inscribed circle of a single tube
  • the air flow velocity of the control electric field is less than 9 m/s.
  • the electric field anode is composed of a second hollow anode tube and has a honeycomb shape.
  • the shape of the second hollow anode tube port may be circular or polygonal.
  • the inscribed circle of the second hollow anode tube ranges from 5-400mm, and the corresponding voltage is between 0.1-120kv, and the corresponding current of the second hollow anode tube is between 0.1-30A;
  • the tangent circle corresponds to different corona voltages, about 1KV/1MM.
  • the exhaust electric field device includes a second electric field stage, and the second electric field stage includes a plurality of second electric field generating units, and there may be one or more second electric field generating units.
  • the second electric field generating unit is also called the second dust collecting unit.
  • the second dust collecting unit includes the above-mentioned electric field anode and the electric field cathode. There are one or more second dust collecting units.
  • the dust collection efficiency of the exhaust electric field device can be effectively improved.
  • each electric field anode has the same polarity
  • each electric field cathode has the same polarity.
  • each second electric field level is connected in series.
  • the exhaust electric field device further includes a plurality of connecting shells, and the series-connected second electric field stages are connected by the connecting shells; the distance between the second electric field stages of two adjacent stages is greater than 1.4 times of the pole pitch.
  • the inventor of the present invention has discovered through research that the shortcomings of the electric field dust removal device in the prior art are caused by electric field coupling.
  • the invention can significantly reduce the size (namely volume) of the electric field dust removal device by reducing the number of electric field couplings.
  • the size of the ionization dust removal device provided by the present invention is about one-fifth of the size of the existing ionization dust removal device.
  • the gas flow rate in the existing ionization dust removal device is set to about 1m/s, and the present invention can still obtain a higher gas flow rate when the gas flow rate is increased to 6m/s. Particle removal rate.
  • the size of the electric field dust removal device can be reduced.
  • the present invention can significantly improve the particle removal efficiency. For example, when the gas flow rate is about 1m/s, the prior art electric field dust removal device can remove about 70% of the particulate matter in the engine exhaust, but the present invention can remove about 99% of the particulate matter, even when the gas flow rate is 6m/s . Therefore, the present invention can meet the latest emission standards.
  • the present invention can be used to manufacture an electric field dust removal device suitable for vehicles.
  • an asymmetric structure is adopted between the electric field cathode and the electric field anode.
  • polar particles are subjected to a force of the same magnitude but opposite in direction, and the polar particles reciprocate in the electric field; in an asymmetric electric field, the polar particles are subjected to two different forces, and the polar particles act towards Move in the direction of great force to avoid coupling.
  • a system for treating VOCs in engine exhaust gas which includes: an inlet, an outlet, and a flow channel between the inlet and the outlet; and an ultraviolet device, an exhaust electric field device, and the ultraviolet device ,
  • the exhaust electric field device is arranged along the flow channel in sequence from the inlet to the outlet;
  • the exhaust electric field device includes: an electric field device inlet, an electric field device outlet, an electric field cathode and an electric field anode, the electric field cathode and the electric field anode are used To generate an ionization dust removal electric field; the ratio of the dust accumulation area of the electric field anode to the discharge area of the electric field cathode is 1.667:1 to 1680:1.
  • the ratio of the dust accumulation area of the electric field anode to the discharge area of the electric field cathode is 6.67:1 to 56.67:1.
  • the ratio of the dust accumulation area of the electric field anode to the discharge area of the electric field cathode is such that the coupling times of the ionization dust removal electric field are ⁇ 3.
  • the ratio of the dust accumulation area of the electric field anode to the discharge area of the electric field cathode, the distance between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode, the length of the electric field anode, and the The length of the electric field cathode makes the coupling times of the ionization dust removal electric field ⁇ 3.
  • a method for processing VOCs in engine exhaust gas which includes the following steps:
  • the engine exhaust is subjected to UV treatment to obtain the product after UV treatment;
  • the product after UV treatment is subjected to electric field dust removal treatment to remove particles in the product after UV treatment;
  • the electric field dust removal treatment further includes a method for reducing the coupling of the dust removal electric field, and the method for reducing the coupling of the dust removal electric field includes the following steps: including selecting the ratio of the dust collecting area of the electric field anode to the discharge area of the electric field cathode to make the electric field coupling Times ⁇ 3.
  • the ratio of the dust accumulation area of the electric field anode to the discharge area of the electric field cathode is selected to be 1.667:1 to 1680:1. In an embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of the dust accumulation area of the electric field anode to the discharge area of the electric field cathode is selected to be 6.67:1 to 5.67:1. In an embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the electric field cathode is selected to be 1-3 mm, and the distance between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode is 2.5-139.9 mm; the dust accumulation area of the electric field anode and the The ratio of the discharge area of the electric field cathode is 1.667:1 to 1680:1.
  • a system for treating VOCs in engine exhaust gas which includes: an inlet, an outlet, and a flow channel between the inlet and the outlet; and an ultraviolet device, an exhaust electric field device, and the ultraviolet device ,
  • the exhaust electric field device is arranged along the flow channel in sequence from the inlet to the outlet;
  • the exhaust electric field device includes: an electric field device inlet, an electric field device outlet, an electric field cathode and an electric field anode, the electric field cathode and the electric field anode are used To generate an ionization dust removal electric field; the length of the electric field anode is 10-180mm.
  • the length of the electric field anode is 60-180 mm.
  • the length of the anode of the electric field is such that the coupling times of the ionization dust removal electric field are ⁇ 3.
  • a method for processing VOCs in engine exhaust includes the following steps:
  • the engine exhaust is subjected to UV treatment to obtain the product after UV treatment;
  • the product after UV treatment is subjected to electric field dust removal treatment to remove particles in the product after UV treatment;
  • the electric field dust removal treatment further includes a method for reducing the coupling of the dust removal electric field.
  • the method for reducing the coupling of the dust removal electric field includes the following steps: including selecting the length of the electric field anode so that the number of electric field couplings is less than or equal to 3.
  • it includes selecting the length of the electric field anode to be 10-180 mm.
  • it includes selecting the length of the electric field anode to be 60-180 mm.
  • a system for treating VOCs in engine exhaust gas which includes: an inlet, an outlet, and a flow channel between the inlet and the outlet; and an ultraviolet device, an exhaust electric field device, and the ultraviolet device ,
  • the exhaust electric field device is arranged along the flow channel in sequence from the inlet to the outlet;
  • the exhaust electric field device includes: an electric field device inlet, an electric field device outlet, an electric field cathode and an electric field anode, which are used for the electric field cathode and the electric field anode To generate an ionization dust removal electric field; the length of the electric field cathode is 30-180mm.
  • the length of the electric field cathode is 54-176 mm.
  • the length of the anode of the electric field is such that the coupling times of the ionization dust removal electric field are ⁇ 3.
  • a method for processing VOCs in engine exhaust includes the following steps:
  • the engine exhaust is subjected to UV treatment to obtain the product after UV treatment;
  • the product after UV treatment is subjected to electric field dust removal treatment to remove particles in the product after UV treatment;
  • the electric field dust removal treatment further includes a method for reducing the coupling of the dust removal electric field, and the method for reducing the coupling of the dust removal electric field includes the following steps:
  • it includes selecting the electric field cathode length to be 30-180 mm.
  • it includes selecting the length of the electric field cathode to be 54-176 mm.
  • a system for treating VOCs in engine exhaust gas which includes: an inlet, an outlet, and a flow channel between the inlet and the outlet; and an ultraviolet device, an exhaust electric field device, and the ultraviolet device ,
  • the exhaust electric field device is arranged along the flow channel in sequence from the inlet to the outlet;
  • the exhaust electric field device includes: an electric field device inlet, an electric field device outlet, an electric field cathode and an electric field anode, the electric field cathode and the electric field anode are used To generate an ionization dust removal electric field; the distance between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode is less than 150 mm.
  • the distance between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode is 2.5-139.9 mm.
  • the distance between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode is 5-100 mm.
  • the distance between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode is such that the coupling times of the ionization dust removal electric field are ⁇ 3.
  • a method for processing VOCs in engine exhaust includes the following steps:
  • the engine exhaust is subjected to UV treatment to obtain the product after UV treatment;
  • the product after UV treatment is subjected to electric field dust removal treatment to remove particles in the product after UV treatment;
  • the electric field dust removal treatment further includes a method for reducing the coupling of the dust removal electric field, and the method for reducing the coupling of the dust removal electric field includes the following steps:
  • It includes selecting the distance between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode so that the number of electric field couplings is less than or equal to 3.
  • the distance between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode is selected to be 2.5-139.9 mm.
  • the distance between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode is selected to be 5-100 mm.
  • the method for reducing electric field coupling includes the following steps: selecting the ratio of the dust collection area of the electric field anode to the discharge area of the electric field cathode, so that the number of electric field couplings ⁇ 3 .
  • the ratio of the dust collecting area of the electric field anode to the discharge area of the electric field cathode may be: 1.667:1 to 1680:1; 3.334:1 to 13.34:1; 6.67:1-56.67:1; 13.34: 1-28.33:1.
  • This embodiment selects the dust collecting area of the electric field anode with a relatively large area and the discharge area of the relatively small electric field cathode.
  • the specific selection of the above area ratio can reduce the discharge area of the electric field cathode, reduce the suction force, and expand the dust collecting area of the electric field anode.
  • the suction that is, the asymmetric electrode suction between the electric field cathode and the electric field anode, so that the charged dust falls on the dust collecting surface of the electric field anode, although the polarity is changed, it can no longer be sucked away by the electric field cathode, reducing the electric field coupling to achieve The number of electric field coupling ⁇ 3. That is, when the electric field distance is less than 150mm, the number of electric field couplings is less than or equal to 3, the electric field energy consumption is low, and the electric field can reduce the coupling consumption of aerosol, water mist, oil mist, loose and smooth particles, and save electric field power by 30-50%.
  • the dust collection area refers to the area of the working surface of the electric field anode.
  • the dust collection area is the inner surface area of the hollow regular hexagon tube, and the dust collection area is also called the dust accumulation area.
  • the discharge area refers to the area of the working surface of the electric field cathode.
  • the electric field cathode is rod-shaped, the discharge area is the rod-shaped outer surface area.
  • the length of the electric field anode can be 10 to 180 mm, 10 to 20 mm, 20 to 30 mm, 60 to 180 mm, 30 to 40 mm, 40 to 50 mm, 50 to 60 mm, 60 to 70 mm, 70 to 80 mm, 80 mm. ⁇ 90mm, 90 ⁇ 100mm, 100 ⁇ 110mm, 110 ⁇ 120mm, 120 ⁇ 130mm, 130 ⁇ 140mm, 140 ⁇ 150mm, 150 ⁇ 160mm, 160 ⁇ 170mm, 170 ⁇ 180mm, 60mm, 180mm, 10mm or 30mm.
  • the length of the electric field anode refers to the minimum length from one end to the other end of the working surface of the electric field anode. Choosing this length of the electric field anode can effectively reduce the electric field coupling.
  • the length of the electric field anode can be 10 ⁇ 90mm, 15 ⁇ 20mm, 20 ⁇ 25mm, 25 ⁇ 30mm, 30 ⁇ 35mm, 35 ⁇ 40mm, 40 ⁇ 45mm, 45 ⁇ 50mm, 50 ⁇ 55mm, 55mm ⁇ 60mm, 60 ⁇ 65mm, 65 ⁇ 70mm, 70 ⁇ 75mm, 75 ⁇ 80mm, 80 ⁇ 85mm or 85 ⁇ 90mm.
  • the design of this length can make the electric field anode and exhaust electric field device have high temperature resistance characteristics, and make the exhaust electric field device It has high efficiency dust collection ability under high temperature impact.
  • the length of the electric field cathode can be 30 ⁇ 180mm, 54 ⁇ 176mm, 30 ⁇ 40mm, 40 ⁇ 50mm, 50 ⁇ 54mm, 54 ⁇ 60mm, 60 ⁇ 70mm, 70 ⁇ 80mm, 80 ⁇ 90mm, 90mm. ⁇ 100mm, 100-110mm, 110-120mm, 120-130mm, 130-140mm, 140-150mm, 150-160mm, 160-170mm, 170-176mm, 170-180mm, 54mm, 180mm, or 30mm.
  • the length of the electric field cathode refers to the minimum length from one end to the other end of the working surface of the electric field cathode. Choosing this length of the electric field cathode can effectively reduce the electric field coupling.
  • the length of the electric field cathode may be 10 to 90 mm, 15 to 20 mm, 20 to 25 mm, 25 to 30 mm, 30 to 35 mm, 35 to 40 mm, 40 to 45 mm, 45 to 50 mm, 50 to 55 mm, 55 mm.
  • the design of this length can make the electric field cathode and exhaust electric field device have high temperature resistance characteristics, and make the exhaust electric field device It has high efficiency dust collection ability under high temperature impact.
  • the corresponding dust collection efficiency is 99.9%; when the electric field temperature is 400°C, the corresponding dust collection efficiency is 90%; when the electric field temperature is 500°C, the corresponding dust collection efficiency is 50 %.
  • the distance between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode may be 5-30mm, 2.5-139.9mm, 9.9-139.9mm, 2.5-9.9mm, 9.9-20mm, 20-30mm, 30-40mm, 40mm. ⁇ 50mm, 50 ⁇ 60mm, 60 ⁇ 70mm, 70 ⁇ 80mm, 80 ⁇ 90mm, 90 ⁇ 100mm, 100 ⁇ 110mm, 110 ⁇ 120mm, 120 ⁇ 130mm, 130 ⁇ 139.9mm, 9.9mm, 139.9mm, or 2.5mm.
  • the distance between the anode of the electric field and the cathode of the electric field is also referred to as the electrode pitch.
  • the pole distance specifically refers to the minimum vertical distance between the working surfaces of the electric field anode and the electric field cathode. The selection of this pole spacing can effectively reduce the electric field coupling and make the exhaust electric field device have high temperature resistance characteristics.
  • the diameter of the electric field cathode is 1-3 mm, and the distance between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode is 2.5-139.9 mm; the dust accumulation area of the electric field anode and the electric field cathode The ratio of the discharge area is 1.667:1 to 1680:1.
  • the electric field dust removal treatment method provided by the present invention further includes: a method for reducing the coupling of the exhaust gas dust removal electric field, including the following steps:
  • the electric field anode or/and the electric field cathode are selected.
  • the size of the electric field anode or/and the electric field cathode is selected such that the number of electric field couplings is ⁇ 3.
  • the ratio of the dust collection area of the electric field anode to the discharge area of the electric field cathode is selected.
  • the ratio of the dust accumulation area of the electric field anode to the discharge area of the electric field cathode is selected to be 1.667:1 to 1680:1.
  • the ratio of the dust accumulation area of the electric field anode to the discharge area of the exhaust dust removal electric field cathode is selected to be 6.67:1 to 56.67:1.
  • the diameter of the electric field cathode is 1-3 mm, and the distance between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode is 2.5-139.9 mm; the dust accumulation area of the electric field anode and the electric field cathode The ratio of the discharge area is 1.667:1 to 1680:1.
  • the distance between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode is selected to be less than 150 mm.
  • the distance between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode is selected to be 2.5 to 139.9 mm. More preferably, the distance between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode is selected to be 5.0 to 100 mm.
  • the length of the electric field anode is selected to be 10 to 180 mm. More preferably, the length of the electric field anode is selected to be 60-180 mm.
  • the length of the electric field cathode is selected to be 30-180 mm. More preferably, the length of the electric field cathode is selected to be 54-176 mm.
  • a gas treatment system for VOCs in engine exhaust which includes: an inlet, an outlet, and a flow channel between the inlet and the outlet; and an ultraviolet device, an exhaust electric field device, and the ultraviolet device ,
  • the exhaust electric field device is arranged along the flow channel in sequence from the inlet to the outlet;
  • the exhaust electric field device includes: an electric field device inlet, an electric field device outlet, an electric field cathode and an electric field anode, the electric field cathode and the electric field anode are used In order to generate an ionization dust removal electric field;
  • the electric field device further includes an auxiliary electric field unit for generating an auxiliary electric field that is not parallel to the ionization dust removal electric field.
  • a gas treatment system for VOCs in engine exhaust which includes: an inlet, an outlet, and a flow channel between the inlet and the outlet; and an ultraviolet device, an exhaust electric field device, and the ultraviolet device ,
  • the exhaust electric field device is arranged along the flow channel in sequence from the inlet to the outlet;
  • the exhaust electric field device includes: an electric field device inlet, an electric field device outlet, an electric field cathode and an electric field anode, the electric field cathode and the electric field anode are used
  • the electric field device further includes an auxiliary electric field unit, the ionization dust removal electric field includes a flow channel, and the auxiliary electric field unit is used to generate an auxiliary electric field that is not perpendicular to the flow channel.
  • the auxiliary electric field unit includes a first electrode, and the first electrode of the auxiliary electric field unit is disposed at or near the entrance of the ionization dust removal electric field.
  • the first electrode is a cathode.
  • the first electrode of the auxiliary electric field unit is an extension of the electric field cathode.
  • the auxiliary electric field unit includes a second electrode, and the second electrode of the auxiliary electric field unit is arranged at or near the outlet of the ionization dust removal electric field.
  • the second electrode is an anode.
  • the second electrode of the auxiliary electric field unit is an extension of the electric field anode.
  • the electrode of the auxiliary electric field and the electrode of the ionization dust removal electric field are arranged independently.
  • the electric field dust removal treatment method provided by the present invention further includes a method of providing an auxiliary electric field, including the following steps:
  • An auxiliary electric field is generated in the flow channel, and the auxiliary electric field is not perpendicular to the flow channel.
  • the auxiliary electric field ionizes the gas.
  • the auxiliary electric field is generated by the auxiliary electric field unit, and the structure of the auxiliary electric field unit is the same as that of the auxiliary electric field unit in the electric field device.
  • the ionization dust removal electric field between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode in the exhaust electric field device of the present invention is also called the third electric field.
  • a fourth electric field that is not parallel to the third electric field is formed between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode.
  • the flow channel of the fourth electric field and the ionization dust removal electric field are not perpendicular.
  • the fourth electric field is also called an auxiliary electric field and can be formed by one or two auxiliary electrodes. When the fourth electric field is formed by an auxiliary electrode, the auxiliary electrode can be placed at the inlet or outlet of the ionization electric field, and the auxiliary electrode can be charged with a negative or positive potential.
  • the fourth electric field is formed by two auxiliary electrodes
  • one of the auxiliary electrodes can have a negative potential and the other auxiliary electrode can have a positive potential
  • one auxiliary electrode can be placed at the entrance of the ionization dust removal electric field
  • the other auxiliary electrode can be placed at the ionization dust removal The exit of the electric field.
  • the auxiliary electrode may be a part of the electric field cathode or the electric field anode, that is, the auxiliary electrode may be an extension of the electric field cathode or the electric field anode, and the length of the electric field cathode and the electric field anode are different.
  • the auxiliary electrode may also be a separate electrode, that is, the auxiliary electrode may not be a part of the electric field cathode or the electric field anode.
  • the voltage of the fourth electric field is different from the voltage of the third electric field and can be controlled separately according to the working conditions.
  • the engine exhaust dust removal system further includes a water removal device for removing liquid water before the entrance of the electric field device.
  • the engine exhaust gas when the exhaust gas temperature or the engine temperature is lower than a certain temperature, the engine exhaust gas may contain liquid water, and the water removing device removes the liquid water in the exhaust gas.
  • the certain temperature is above 90°C and below 100°C.
  • the certain temperature is above 80°C and below 90°C.
  • the certain temperature is below 80°C.
  • the electric field dust removal treatment method provided by the present invention further includes: a tail gas dust removal method, including the following steps: when the temperature of the tail gas is lower than 100°C, liquid water in the tail gas is removed, and then ionization is used to remove dust.
  • the exhaust gas when the temperature of the exhaust gas is ⁇ 100°C, the exhaust gas is ionized to remove dust.
  • the liquid water in the exhaust gas is removed, and then ionized to remove dust.
  • the liquid water in the exhaust gas is removed, and then ionization is performed to remove dust.
  • the liquid water in the exhaust gas is removed, and then ionized to remove dust.
  • the liquid water in the tail gas is removed by the electrocoagulation defogging method, and then ionization is used to remove dust.
  • the water removal device When the engine is cold-started, the water removal device removes water droplets or liquid water in the tail gas before the tail gas enters the entrance of the electric field device, thereby reducing water droplets or liquid water in the tail gas, and reducing the uneven discharge of the tail gas ionization dust removal electric field and the electric field
  • the cathode and the anode of the electric field are broken down, thereby improving the efficiency of ionization and dust removal, and achieving unexpected technical effects.
  • the water removal device is not particularly limited, and the present invention can be used to remove liquid water in the tail gas in the prior art.
  • the VOCs treatment system in engine exhaust described in this embodiment includes an exhaust gas treatment device, and the exhaust gas treatment device is used to treat exhaust gas to be discharged into the atmosphere after being treated by an ultraviolet device.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of an exhaust gas treatment device in an embodiment.
  • the exhaust gas treatment device 102 includes an exhaust gas electric field device 1021, an exhaust gas insulation mechanism 1022, a water removal device.
  • the exhaust electric field device 1021 includes an electric field anode 10211 and an electric field cathode 10212 arranged in the electric field anode 10211.
  • An asymmetric electrostatic field is formed between the electric field anode 10211 and the electric field cathode 10212, wherein the gas to be contained in particulate matter passes through the exhaust port After entering the exhaust electric field device 1021, the electric field cathode 10212 discharges and ionizes the gas, so that the particles obtain a negative charge, move to the electric field anode 10211, and deposit on the electric field cathode 10212.
  • the inside of the electric field cathode 10212 is composed of a honeycomb-shaped and hollow anode tube bundle group, and the shape of the port of the anode tube bundle is a hexagon.
  • the electric field cathode 10212 includes a plurality of electrode rods, each of which penetrates each anode tube bundle in the anode tube bundle group one by one, wherein the shape of the electrode rods is needle-like, polygonal, burr-like, and threaded rod. Shaped or columnar.
  • the ratio of the dust collecting area of the electric field anode 10211 to the discharge area of the electric field cathode 10212 is 1680:1, the distance between the electric field anode 10211 and the electric field cathode 10212 is 9.9 mm, the electric field anode 10211 length is 60 mm, and the electric field cathode 10212 length It is 54mm.
  • the inlet end of the electric field cathode 10212 is lower than the inlet end of the electric field anode 10211, and the outlet end of the electric field cathode 10212 is flush with the outlet end of the electric field anode 10211.
  • There is an angle ⁇ between the inlet end of the electric field cathode 10212 and the inlet end of the electric field anode 10211, and ⁇ 90°, so that an accelerating electric field is formed inside the exhaust electric field device 1021, which can save more to be processed The substance is collected.
  • the exhaust gas insulation mechanism 1022 suspended from the airway includes an insulation part and a heat insulation part.
  • the insulating part is made of ceramic material or glass material.
  • the insulating part is an umbrella-shaped string of ceramic pillars, and the umbrella is covered with glaze.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of an umbrella-shaped exhaust gas insulation mechanism in an embodiment.
  • the electric field cathode is mounted on the cathode support plate 10213, and the cathode support plate 10213 and the electric field anode 10211 are connected through an exhaust gas insulation mechanism 1022.
  • the electric field anode 10211 includes a first anode portion 102112 and a second anode portion 102111, that is, the first anode portion 102112 is close to the inlet of the dust removal device, and the second anode portion 102111 is close to the outlet of the dust removal device.
  • the cathode support plate 10213 and the exhaust gas insulation mechanism 1022 are located between the first anode portion 102112 and the second anode portion 102111, that is, the exhaust gas insulation mechanism 1022 is installed in the middle of the ionization electric field or the electric field cathode 10212, which can play a good role in the electric field cathode 10212. It supports and fixes the electric field cathode 10212 relative to the electric field anode 10211, and keeps a set distance between the electric field cathode 10212 and the electric field anode 10211.
  • the dewatering device is used to remove liquid water before the entrance of the electric field device.
  • the dewatering device removes the liquid water in the exhaust gas, and the dewatering device is an electrocoagulation defogging device.
  • the engine exhaust dust removal system includes a water removal device 207 and an exhaust electric field device.
  • the exhaust electric field device includes an electric field anode 10211 and an electric field cathode 10212, and the electric field anode 10211 and the electric field cathode 10212 are used to generate an exhaust gas ionization and dust removal electric field.
  • the water removal device 207 is used to remove liquid water before the entrance of the electric field device. When the exhaust gas temperature is lower than 100°C, the water removal device removes the liquid water in the tail gas.
  • the water removal device 207 is an electrocoagulation device. The direction of the arrow in the figure is the direction of exhaust gas flow.
  • the product after the ultraviolet device has processed the VOCs in the exhaust gas of the engine is processed.
  • the processing method includes: a method for removing dust from the exhaust gas, including the following steps: when the temperature of the exhaust gas is lower than 100°C, the liquid water in the exhaust gas is removed, and then ionization and dust removal , Wherein the electrocoagulation defogging method is used to remove the liquid water in the tail gas.
  • the tail gas is the tail gas during the cold start of the gasoline engine, which reduces the water droplets in the tail gas, that is, liquid water, and reduces the uneven discharge of the tail gas ionization and dust removal electric field and the electric field cathode and The anode breakdown of the electric field improves the ionization dust removal efficiency.
  • the ionization dust removal efficiency is more than 99.9%, and the ionization dust removal efficiency of the dust removal method without removing the liquid water in the tail gas is less than 70%. Therefore, when the exhaust gas temperature is lower than 100°C, the liquid water in the exhaust gas is removed, and then the liquid water is ionized to reduce the water droplets in the exhaust gas, which reduces the uneven discharge of the exhaust gas ionization and dust removal electric field and the breakdown of the electric field cathode and the electric field anode. Ionization dust removal efficiency.
  • the electric field generating unit is applied to an exhaust electric field device, as shown in FIG. 4, including an electric field anode 4051 and an electric field cathode 4052 for forming an exhaust ionization and dust removal electric field.
  • Each electrode is electrically connected
  • the power source is a DC power source
  • the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are electrically connected to the anode and cathode of the DC power source, respectively.
  • the electric field anode 4051 has a positive electric potential
  • the electric field cathode 4052 has a negative electric potential.
  • the DC power supply in this embodiment may specifically be a DC high-voltage power supply.
  • a tail gas ionization and dust removal electric field is formed between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052, and the tail gas ionization and dust removal electric field is an electrostatic field.
  • the electric field anode 4051 has a hollow regular hexagonal tube shape
  • the electric field cathode 4052 has a rod shape
  • the electric field cathode 4052 penetrates the electric field anode 4051.
  • the product after the ultraviolet device has processed the VOCs in the engine exhaust gas is processed.
  • the processing method includes: a method of reducing electric field coupling, including the following steps: selecting the ratio of the dust collecting area of the electric field anode 4051 to the discharge area of the electric field cathode 4052 is 6.67 :1.
  • the distance L3 between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 is 9.9 mm, the electric field anode 4051 length L1 is 60 mm, and the electric field cathode 4052 length L2 is 54 mm.
  • the exhaust electric field device in this embodiment includes electric field stages composed of a plurality of the above-mentioned electric field generating units, and there are multiple electric field stages so as to effectively improve the dust collection efficiency of the exhaust electric field device by using multiple dust collecting units.
  • each tail gas ionization dust removal electric field anode has the same polarity
  • each tail gas ionization dust removal electric field cathode has the same polarity.
  • the electric field stages of the plurality of electric field stages are connected in series, and the series electric field stages are connected by a connecting shell.
  • the distance between the electric field stages of two adjacent stages is greater than 1.4 times of the pole spacing.
  • the electric field has two levels, namely, the first electric field 4053 and the second electric field 4054.
  • the first electric field 4053 and the second electric field 4054 are connected in series through the connecting housing 4055.
  • the above-mentioned substance to be processed may be granular dust.
  • the above-mentioned gas is the product after the ultraviolet device treats VOCs in engine exhaust.
  • the electric field generating unit is applied to an exhaust electric field device, as shown in FIG. 4, including an electric field anode 4051 and an electric field cathode 4052 for forming an exhaust ionization and dust removal electric field.
  • Each electrode is electrically connected
  • the power source is a DC power source
  • the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are electrically connected to the anode and cathode of the DC power source, respectively.
  • the electric field anode 4051 has a positive electric potential
  • the electric field cathode 4052 has a negative electric potential.
  • the DC power supply in this embodiment may specifically be a DC high-voltage power supply.
  • a tail gas ionization and dust removal electric field is formed between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052, and the tail gas ionization and dust removal electric field is an electrostatic field.
  • the electric field anode 4051 has a hollow regular hexagonal tube shape
  • the electric field cathode 4052 has a rod shape
  • the electric field cathode 4052 penetrates the electric field anode 4051.
  • the treatment method includes: a method of reducing electric field coupling, including the following steps: selecting the ratio of the dust collecting area of the electric field anode 4051 to the discharge area of the electric field cathode 4052 to 1680 :1.
  • the distance between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 is 139.9 mm, the electric field anode 4051 is 180 mm in length, and the electric field cathode 4052 is 180 mm in length.
  • the electric field anode 4051 includes an exhaust fluid channel, and the exhaust fluid channel includes an inlet end and At the outlet end, the electric field cathode 4052 is placed in the exhaust fluid channel, the electric field cathode 4052 extends along the direction of the electric field anode exhaust fluid channel, and the inlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the near inlet end of the electric field cathode 4052.
  • the exit end of the anode 4051 is flush with the near exit end of the electric field cathode 4052.
  • the above-mentioned substance to be processed may be granular dust.
  • the above-mentioned gas is the product after the ultraviolet device treats VOCs in engine exhaust.
  • the electric field generating unit is applied to an exhaust electric field device, as shown in FIG. 4, including an electric field anode 4051 and an electric field cathode 4052 for forming an exhaust ionization and dust removal electric field.
  • Each electrode is electrically connected
  • the power source is a DC power source
  • the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are electrically connected to the anode and cathode of the DC power source, respectively.
  • the electric field anode 4051 has a positive electric potential
  • the electric field cathode 4052 has a negative electric potential.
  • the DC power supply in this embodiment may specifically be a DC high-voltage power supply.
  • a tail gas ionization and dust removal electric field is formed between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052, and the tail gas ionization and dust removal electric field is an electrostatic field.
  • the electric field anode 4051 has a hollow regular hexagonal tube shape
  • the electric field cathode 4052 has a rod shape
  • the electric field cathode 4052 penetrates the electric field anode 4051.
  • the treatment method includes: a method of reducing electric field coupling, including the following steps: selecting the ratio of the dust collecting area of the electric field anode 4051 to the discharge area of the electric field cathode 4052 to 1.667 :1.
  • the distance between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 is 2.4mm, the electric field anode 4051 is 30mm in length, and the electric field cathode 4052 is 30mm in length.
  • the electric field anode 4051 includes an exhaust fluid channel, and the exhaust fluid channel includes an inlet end and At the outlet end, the electric field cathode 4052 is placed in the exhaust fluid channel, the electric field cathode 4052 extends along the direction of the electric field anode exhaust fluid channel, and the inlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the near inlet end of the electric field cathode 4052.
  • the exit end of the anode 4051 is flush with the near exit end of the electric field cathode 4052.
  • the above-mentioned substance to be processed may be granular dust.
  • the above-mentioned gas is the product after the ultraviolet device treats VOCs in engine exhaust.
  • the electric field generating unit is applied to an exhaust electric field device, as shown in FIG. 4, including an electric field anode 4051 and an electric field cathode 4052 for forming an exhaust ionization and dust removal electric field.
  • the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are respectively connected to the two power supplies.
  • Each electrode is electrically connected, the power source is a DC power source, and the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are electrically connected to the anode and cathode of the DC power source, respectively.
  • the electric field anode 4051 has a positive electric potential
  • the electric field cathode 4052 has a negative electric potential.
  • the DC power supply in this embodiment may specifically be a DC high-voltage power supply.
  • a tail gas ionization and dust removal electric field is formed between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052, and the tail gas ionization and dust removal electric field is an electrostatic field.
  • the electric field anode 4051 in this embodiment is a hollow regular hexagonal tube, the electric field cathode 4052 is rod-shaped, and the electric field cathode 4052 penetrates the electric field anode 4051.
  • the dust collection of the electric field anode 4051 The ratio of the area to the discharge area of the electric field cathode 4052 is 6.67:1, the distance L3 between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 is 9.9 mm, the electric field anode 4051 length L1 is 60 mm, and the electric field cathode 4052 length L2 is 54 mm.
  • the electric field anode 4051 includes an exhaust gas fluid channel, the exhaust fluid channel includes an inlet end and an outlet end, the electric field cathode 4052 is placed in the exhaust fluid channel, and the electric field cathode 4052 extends along the direction of the electric field anode exhaust fluid channel.
  • the entrance end of the anode 4051 is flush with the near entrance end of the electric field cathode 4052.
  • the typical tail gas particle pm0.23 dust collection efficiency is 99.99%, and the typical 23nm particle removal efficiency is 99.99% .
  • the exhaust electric field device in this embodiment includes electric field stages composed of a plurality of the above-mentioned electric field generating units, and there are multiple electric field stages so as to effectively improve the dust collection efficiency of the exhaust electric field device by using multiple dust collecting units.
  • each electric field anode has the same polarity
  • each electric field cathode has the same polarity.
  • the electric field stages of the plurality of electric field stages are connected in series, and the series electric field stages are connected by a connecting shell.
  • the distance between the electric field stages of two adjacent stages is greater than 1.4 times of the pole spacing.
  • the electric field has two levels, namely, the first electric field 4053 and the second electric field 4054.
  • the first electric field 4053 and the second electric field 4054 are connected in series through the connecting housing 4055.
  • the above-mentioned substance to be processed may be granular dust.
  • the above-mentioned gas is the product after the ultraviolet device treats VOCs in engine exhaust.
  • the electric field generating unit is applied to the exhaust electric field device, as shown in FIG. 4, including an electric field anode 4051 and an electric field cathode 4052 for generating an electric field.
  • the power supply is a DC power supply
  • the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are electrically connected to the anode and the cathode of the DC power supply, respectively.
  • the electric field anode 4051 has a positive electric potential
  • the electric field cathode 4052 has a negative electric potential.
  • the DC power supply in this embodiment may specifically be a DC high-voltage power supply.
  • a tail gas ionization and dust removal electric field is formed between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052, and the tail gas ionization and dust removal electric field is an electrostatic field.
  • the electric field anode 4051 has a hollow regular hexagonal tube shape
  • the electric field cathode 4052 has a rod shape
  • the electric field cathode 4052 penetrates the electric field anode 4051.
  • the ratio of the dust collection area of the electric field anode 4051 to the discharge area of the electric field cathode 4052 is 1680. :1.
  • the distance between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 is 139.9 mm
  • the electric field anode 4051 has a length of 180 mm
  • the electric field cathode 4052 has a length of 180 mm.
  • the electric field anode 4051 includes an exhaust fluid channel, and the exhaust fluid channel includes an inlet.
  • the electric field cathode 4052 is placed in the exhaust fluid channel, the electric field cathode 4052 extends in the direction of the electric field anode exhaust fluid channel, and the inlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the near inlet end of the electric field cathode 4052 , The outlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the near outlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, and then under the action of the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052, more materials to be processed can be collected to ensure the dust collection efficiency of the electric field device Even higher, the typical tail gas particle pm0.23 dust collection efficiency is 99.99%, and the typical 23nm particle removal efficiency is 99.99%.
  • the exhaust electric field device in this embodiment includes electric field stages composed of a plurality of the above-mentioned electric field generating units, and there are multiple electric field stages so as to effectively improve the dust collection efficiency of the exhaust electric field device by using multiple dust collecting units.
  • each electric field anode has the same polarity
  • each electric field cathode has the same polarity.
  • the above-mentioned substance to be processed may be granular dust.
  • the above-mentioned gas is the product after the ultraviolet device treats VOCs in engine exhaust.
  • the electric field generating unit is applied to the exhaust electric field device, as shown in FIG. 4, including an electric field anode 4051 and an electric field cathode 4052 for generating an electric field.
  • the power supply is a DC power supply
  • the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are electrically connected to the anode and the cathode of the DC power supply, respectively.
  • the electric field anode 4051 has a positive electric potential
  • the electric field cathode 4052 has a negative electric potential.
  • the DC power supply in this embodiment may specifically be a DC high-voltage power supply.
  • a tail gas ionization and dust removal electric field is formed between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052, and the tail gas ionization and dust removal electric field is an electrostatic field.
  • the electric field anode 4051 has a hollow regular hexagonal tube shape
  • the electric field cathode 4052 has a rod shape
  • the electric field cathode 4052 penetrates the electric field anode 4051.
  • the ratio of the dust collection area of the electric field anode 4051 to the discharge area of the electric field cathode 4052 is 1.667 :1.
  • the distance between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 is 2.4 mm.
  • the electric field anode 4051 has a length of 30 mm
  • the electric field cathode 4052 has a length of 30 mm.
  • the electric field anode 4051 includes an exhaust fluid channel.
  • the exhaust fluid channel includes an inlet end and an outlet end.
  • the electric field cathode 4052 is placed in the exhaust fluid channel.
  • the electric field cathode 4052 extends along the direction of the electric field anode tail gas fluid channel, the inlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the proximal inlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, and the outlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the proximal outlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, and then Under the action of electric field anode 4051 and electric field cathode 4052, more materials to be processed can be collected, ensuring higher dust collection efficiency of the electric field device.
  • the dust collection efficiency of typical tail gas particles pm0.23 is 99.99%, and typical 23nm particles The removal efficiency is 99.99%.
  • the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 constitute a dust collection unit, and there are multiple dust collection units, so that the use of multiple dust collection units can effectively improve the dust collection efficiency of the exhaust electric field device.
  • the above-mentioned substance to be treated may be particulate dust.
  • the above-mentioned gas is the product of the ultraviolet device processing VOCs in the exhaust gas of the engine.
  • the VOCs gas treatment system in the engine exhaust in this embodiment includes the exhaust electric field device in the above-mentioned embodiment 6, embodiment 7 or embodiment 8.
  • the exhaust gas discharged from the engine must first flow through the ultraviolet device, and the product after the ultraviolet device treats VOCs and then flows through the exhaust gas electric field device, so that the exhaust gas electric field device can effectively remove the dust and other pollutants in the gas; The latter gas is then discharged to the atmosphere to reduce the impact of engine exhaust on the atmosphere.
  • the electric field generating unit is applied to an exhaust electric field device, as shown in FIG. 4, including an electric field anode 4051 and an electric field cathode 4052 for forming an exhaust ionization and dust removal electric field.
  • Each electrode is electrically connected
  • the power source is a DC power source
  • the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are electrically connected to the anode and cathode of the DC power source, respectively.
  • the electric field anode 4051 has a positive electric potential
  • the electric field cathode 4052 has a negative electric potential.
  • the DC power supply in this embodiment may specifically be a DC high-voltage power supply.
  • a tail gas ionization and dust removal electric field is formed between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052, and the tail gas ionization and dust removal electric field is an electrostatic field.
  • the electric field anode 4051 is in the shape of a hollow regular hexagon
  • the electric field cathode 4052 is in the shape of a rod
  • the electric field cathode 4052 is inserted in the electric field anode 4051.
  • the electric field anode 4051 has a length of 5 cm and the electric field cathode 4052 has a length of 5 cm.
  • the 4051 includes an exhaust fluid channel, the exhaust fluid channel includes an inlet end and an outlet end, the electric field cathode 4052 is placed in the exhaust fluid channel, the electric field cathode 4052 extends in the direction of the electric field anode exhaust fluid channel, and the electric field anode 4051
  • the inlet end of the electric field is flush with the near inlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, and the outlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the near outlet end of the electric field cathode 4052.
  • the distance between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 is 9.9 mm.
  • An electric field temperature of 200°C corresponds to a dust collection efficiency of 99.9%; an electric field temperature of 400°C corresponds to a dust collection efficiency of 90%; an electric field temperature of 500°C corresponds to a dust collection efficiency of 50%.
  • the exhaust electric field device in this embodiment includes an electric field stage composed of a plurality of the above-mentioned electric field generating units, and there are multiple electric field stages to effectively improve the dust collection efficiency of the electric field device by using a plurality of dust collecting units.
  • each electric field anode has the same polarity
  • each electric field cathode has the same polarity.
  • the above-mentioned substance to be processed may be granular dust.
  • the above-mentioned gas is the product after the ultraviolet device treats VOCs in engine exhaust.
  • the electric field generating unit is applied to the exhaust electric field device, as shown in FIG. 4, including an electric field anode 4051 and an electric field cathode 4052 for generating an electric field.
  • the power supply is a DC power supply
  • the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are electrically connected to the anode and the cathode of the DC power supply, respectively.
  • the electric field anode 4051 has a positive electric potential
  • the electric field cathode 4052 has a negative electric potential.
  • the DC power supply in this embodiment may specifically be a DC high-voltage power supply.
  • a tail gas ionization and dust removal electric field is formed between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052, and the tail gas ionization and dust removal electric field is an electrostatic field.
  • the electric field anode 4051 is in the shape of a hollow regular hexagon
  • the electric field cathode 4052 is in the shape of a rod
  • the electric field cathode 4052 is inserted in the electric field anode 4051.
  • the electric field anode 4051 has a length of 9 cm
  • the electric field cathode 4052 has a length of 9 cm.
  • the 4051 includes an exhaust fluid channel, the exhaust fluid channel includes an inlet end and an outlet end, the electric field cathode 4052 is placed in the exhaust fluid channel, the electric field cathode 4052 extends in the direction of the electric field anode exhaust fluid channel, and the electric field anode 4051
  • the inlet end of the electric field cathode 4052 is flush with the near inlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, and the outlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the near outlet end of the electric field cathode 4052.
  • the distance between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 is 139.9 mm.
  • An electric field temperature of 200°C corresponds to a dust collection efficiency of 99.9%; an electric field temperature of 400°C corresponds to a dust collection efficiency of 90%; an electric field temperature of 500°C corresponds to a dust collection efficiency of 50%.
  • the exhaust electric field device in this embodiment includes an electric field stage composed of a plurality of the above-mentioned electric field generating units, and there are multiple electric field stages to effectively improve the dust collection efficiency of the electric field device by using a plurality of dust collecting units.
  • each storage electric field anode has the same polarity
  • each electric field cathode has the same polarity.
  • the above-mentioned substance to be processed may be granular dust.
  • the above-mentioned gas is the product after the ultraviolet device treats VOCs in engine exhaust.
  • the electric field generating unit is applied to the exhaust electric field device, as shown in FIG. 4, including an electric field anode 4051 and an electric field cathode 4052 for generating an electric field.
  • the power supply is a DC power supply
  • the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are electrically connected to the anode and the cathode of the DC power supply, respectively.
  • the electric field anode 4051 has a positive electric potential
  • the electric field cathode 4052 has a negative electric potential.
  • the DC power supply in this embodiment may specifically be a DC high-voltage power supply.
  • a tail gas ionization and dust removal electric field is formed between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052, and the tail gas ionization and dust removal electric field is an electrostatic field.
  • the electric field anode 4051 is in the shape of a hollow regular hexagon
  • the electric field cathode 4052 is in the shape of a rod
  • the electric field cathode 4052 is inserted in the electric field anode 4051.
  • the electric field anode 4051 has a length of 1 cm and the electric field cathode 4052 has a length of 1 cm.
  • the 4051 includes an exhaust fluid channel, the exhaust fluid channel includes an inlet end and an outlet end, the electric field cathode 4052 is placed in the exhaust fluid channel, the electric field cathode 4052 extends in the direction of the electric field anode exhaust fluid channel, and the electric field anode 4051
  • the inlet end of the electric field cathode 4052 is flush with the near inlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, and the outlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the near outlet end of the electric field cathode 4052.
  • the distance between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 is 2.4 mm.
  • An electric field temperature of 200°C corresponds to a dust collection efficiency of 99.9%; an electric field temperature of 400°C corresponds to a dust collection efficiency of 90%; an electric field temperature of 500°C corresponds to a dust collection efficiency of 50%.
  • the exhaust electric field device in this embodiment includes an electric field stage composed of a plurality of the above-mentioned electric field generating units, and there are multiple electric field stages to effectively improve the dust collection efficiency of the electric field device by using a plurality of dust collecting units.
  • each electric field anode has the same polarity
  • each electric field cathode has the same polarity.
  • the electric field stages of the plurality of electric field stages are connected in series, and the series electric field stages are connected by a connecting shell.
  • the distance between the electric field stages of two adjacent stages is greater than 1.4 times of the pole spacing.
  • the electric field has two levels, namely a first electric field and a second electric field, and the first electric field and the second electric field are connected in series through the connecting shell.
  • the above-mentioned substance to be processed may be granular dust.
  • the above-mentioned gas is the product after the ultraviolet device treats VOCs in engine exhaust.
  • the electric field generating unit is applied to the exhaust electric field device, as shown in FIG. 4, including an electric field anode 4051 and an electric field cathode 4052 for generating an electric field.
  • the power supply is a DC power supply
  • the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are electrically connected to the anode and the cathode of the DC power supply, respectively.
  • the electric field anode 4051 has a positive electric potential
  • the electric field cathode 4052 has a negative electric potential.
  • the DC power supply in this embodiment may specifically be a DC high-voltage power supply.
  • a tail gas ionization and dust removal electric field is formed between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052, and the tail gas ionization and dust removal electric field is an electrostatic field.
  • the electric field anode 4051 in this embodiment is a hollow regular hexagonal tube, the electric field cathode 4052 is rod-shaped, and the electric field cathode 4052 penetrates the electric field anode 4051.
  • the electric field anode 4051 has a length of 3 cm. 4052 is 2cm in length.
  • the electric field anode 4051 includes an exhaust fluid channel, the exhaust fluid channel includes an inlet end and an outlet end, the electric field cathode 4052 is placed in the exhaust fluid channel, and the electric field cathode 4052 runs along the electric field anode exhaust
  • the distance between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 is 20 mm, and under the action of the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052, it can withstand high temperature impact, and can collect more materials to be processed to ensure the occurrence of the electric field
  • the dust collection efficiency of the unit is higher.
  • An electric field temperature of 200°C corresponds to a dust collection efficiency of
  • the exhaust electric field device in this embodiment includes an electric field stage composed of a plurality of the above-mentioned electric field generating units, and there are multiple electric field stages to effectively improve the dust collection efficiency of the electric field device by using a plurality of dust collecting units.
  • each dust collection is extremely the same polarity, and each discharge is extremely the same polarity.
  • the electric field stages of the plurality of electric field stages are connected in series, and the series electric field stages are connected by a connecting shell.
  • the distance between the electric field stages of two adjacent stages is greater than 1.4 times of the pole spacing.
  • the electric field has two levels, namely, the first electric field and the second electric field, and the first electric field and the second electric field are connected in series through the connecting shell.
  • the above-mentioned substance to be processed may be granular dust.
  • the above-mentioned gas is the product after the ultraviolet device treats VOCs in engine exhaust.
  • the VOCs gas treatment system in the engine exhaust in this embodiment includes the exhaust electric field device in the above-mentioned embodiment 10, embodiment 11, embodiment 12 or embodiment 13.
  • the exhaust gas discharged from the engine must first flow through the ultraviolet device, and the product after the ultraviolet device treats the VOCs and then flows through the exhaust electric field device, so that the exhaust electric field device can effectively remove the dust and other pollutants in the exhaust gas; The latter gas is then discharged to the atmosphere to reduce the impact of engine exhaust on the atmosphere.
  • the electric field generating unit is applied to the exhaust electric field device, as shown in FIG. 4, including an electric field anode 4051 and an electric field cathode 4052 for generating an electric field.
  • the power supply is a DC power supply
  • the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are electrically connected to the anode and the cathode of the DC power supply, respectively.
  • the electric field anode 4051 has a positive electric potential
  • the electric field cathode 4052 has a negative electric potential.
  • the DC power supply in this embodiment may specifically be a DC high-voltage power supply.
  • a tail gas ionization and dust removal electric field is formed between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052, and the tail gas ionization and dust removal electric field is an electrostatic field.
  • the electric field anode 4051 is in the shape of a hollow regular hexagon
  • the electric field cathode 4052 is in the shape of a rod
  • the electric field cathode 4052 is inserted in the electric field anode 4051.
  • the ratio of the dust collection area of the electric field anode 4051 to the discharge area of the electric field cathode 4052 is 27.566 :1, the distance between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 is 2.3 mm.
  • the electric field anode 4051 has a length of 5 mm
  • the electric field cathode 4052 has a length of 4 mm.
  • the electric field anode 4051 includes an exhaust fluid channel.
  • the exhaust fluid channel includes an inlet end and an outlet end.
  • the electric field cathode 4052 is placed in the exhaust fluid channel.
  • the electric field cathode 4052 extends along the direction of the electric field anode exhaust fluid channel, the inlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the proximal inlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, and the outlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the proximal outlet end of the electric field cathode 4052.
  • the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 Under the action of the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052, more materials to be processed can be collected, and the dust collection efficiency of the electric field device can be guaranteed higher.
  • the above-mentioned substance to be processed may be granular dust.
  • the above-mentioned gas is the product after the ultraviolet device treats VOCs in engine exhaust.
  • the electric field generating unit is applied to the exhaust electric field device, as shown in FIG. 4, including an electric field anode 4051 and an electric field cathode 4052 for generating an electric field.
  • the power supply is a DC power supply
  • the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are electrically connected to the anode and the cathode of the DC power supply, respectively.
  • the electric field anode 4051 has a positive electric potential
  • the electric field cathode 4052 has a negative electric potential.
  • the DC power supply in this embodiment may specifically be a DC high-voltage power supply.
  • a tail gas ionization and dust removal electric field is formed between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052, and the tail gas ionization and dust removal electric field is an electrostatic field.
  • the electric field anode 4051 has a hollow regular hexagonal tube shape
  • the electric field cathode 4052 has a rod shape
  • the electric field cathode 4052 penetrates the electric field anode 4051.
  • the ratio of the dust collection area of the electric field anode 4051 to the discharge area of the electric field cathode 4052 is 1.108 :1
  • the distance between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 is 2.3 mm.
  • the electric field anode 4051 has a length of 60 mm
  • the electric field cathode 4052 has a length of 200 mm.
  • the electric field anode 4051 includes an exhaust fluid channel.
  • the exhaust fluid channel includes an inlet end and an outlet end.
  • the electric field cathode 4052 is placed in the exhaust fluid channel.
  • the electric field cathode 4052 extends along the direction of the electric field anode tail gas fluid channel, the inlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the proximal inlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, and the outlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the proximal outlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, and then Under the action of the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052, more materials to be processed can be collected, ensuring higher dust collection efficiency of the electric field device
  • the above-mentioned substance to be processed may be granular dust.
  • the above-mentioned gas is the product after the ultraviolet device treats VOCs in engine exhaust.
  • the electric field generating unit is applied to the exhaust electric field device, as shown in FIG. 4, including an electric field anode 4051 and an electric field cathode 4052 for generating an electric field.
  • the power supply is a DC power supply
  • the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are electrically connected to the anode and the cathode of the DC power supply, respectively.
  • the electric field anode 4051 has a positive electric potential
  • the electric field cathode 4052 has a negative electric potential.
  • the DC power supply in this embodiment may specifically be a DC high-voltage power supply.
  • a tail gas ionization and dust removal electric field is formed between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052, and the tail gas ionization and dust removal electric field is an electrostatic field.
  • the electric field anode 4051 is in the shape of a hollow regular hexagon
  • the electric field cathode 4052 is in the shape of a rod
  • the electric field cathode 4052 is inserted in the electric field anode 4051.
  • the ratio of the dust collection area of the electric field anode 4051 to the discharge area of the electric field cathode 4052 is 3065. :1.
  • the distance between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 is 249 mm.
  • the electric field anode 4051 has a length of 2000 mm
  • the electric field cathode 4052 has a length of 180 mm.
  • the electric field anode 4051 includes an exhaust fluid channel.
  • the exhaust fluid channel includes an inlet end and an outlet end.
  • the electric field cathode 4052 is placed in the exhaust fluid channel.
  • the electric field cathode 4052 extends along the direction of the electric field anode tail gas fluid channel, the inlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the proximal inlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, and the outlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the proximal outlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, and then Under the action of the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052, more materials to be processed can be collected, ensuring higher dust collection efficiency of the electric field device
  • the above-mentioned substance to be processed may be granular dust.
  • the above-mentioned gas is the product after the ultraviolet device treats VOCs in engine exhaust.
  • the electric field generating unit is applied to the exhaust electric field device, as shown in FIG. 4, including an electric field anode 4051 and an electric field cathode 4052 for generating an electric field.
  • the power supply is a DC power supply
  • the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 are electrically connected to the anode and the cathode of the DC power supply, respectively.
  • the electric field anode 4051 has a positive electric potential
  • the electric field cathode 4052 has a negative electric potential.
  • the DC power supply in this embodiment may specifically be a DC high-voltage power supply.
  • a tail gas ionization and dust removal electric field is formed between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052, and the tail gas ionization and dust removal electric field is an electrostatic field.
  • the electric field anode 4051 has a hollow regular hexagonal tube shape
  • the electric field cathode 4052 has a rod shape
  • the electric field cathode 4052 penetrates the electric field anode 4051.
  • the ratio of the dust collection area of the electric field anode 4051 to the discharge area of the electric field cathode 4052 is 1.338 :1, the distance between the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052 is 5 mm.
  • the electric field anode 4051 has a length of 2 mm
  • the electric field cathode 4052 has a length of 10 mm.
  • the electric field anode 4051 includes an exhaust fluid channel.
  • the exhaust fluid channel includes an inlet end and an outlet end.
  • the electric field cathode 4052 is placed in the exhaust fluid channel.
  • the electric field cathode 4052 extends along the direction of the electric field anode tail gas fluid channel, the inlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the proximal inlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, and the outlet end of the electric field anode 4051 is flush with the proximal outlet end of the electric field cathode 4052, and then Under the action of the electric field anode 4051 and the electric field cathode 4052, more materials to be processed can be collected, ensuring higher dust collection efficiency of the electric field device
  • the above-mentioned substance to be processed may be granular dust.
  • the above-mentioned gas is the product after the ultraviolet device treats VOCs in engine exhaust.
  • the electric field device is applied to the VOCs gas treatment system in engine exhaust, and includes a dust removal electric field cathode 5081 and a dust removal electric field anode 5082 electrically connected to the cathode and anode of the DC power supply, respectively, and the auxiliary electrode 5083 is electrically connected to the anode of the DC power supply.
  • the dust removal electric field cathode 5081 has a negative electric potential
  • the dust removal electric field anode 5082 and the auxiliary electrode 5083 both have a positive electric potential.
  • the auxiliary electrode 5083 and the dust removal electric field anode 5082 are fixedly connected in this embodiment.
  • the auxiliary electrode 5083 is also electrically connected to the anode of the DC power supply, and the auxiliary electrode 5083 and the dust removal electric field anode 5082 have the same positive potential.
  • the auxiliary electrode 5083 in this embodiment can extend in the front-to-back direction, that is, the length direction of the auxiliary electrode 5083 can be the same as the length direction of the dust removal electric field anode 5082.
  • the dust removal electric field anode 5082 is tubular, the dust removal electric field cathode 5081 is rod-shaped, and the dust removal electric field cathode 5081 is inserted in the dust removal electric field anode 5082.
  • the auxiliary electrode 5083 in this embodiment is also tubular, and the auxiliary electrode 5083 and the dust removal electric field anode 5082 constitute an anode tube 5084.
  • the front end of the anode tube 5084 is flush with the cathode 5081 of the dust removal electric field, and the rear end of the anode tube 5084 extends backwards beyond the rear end of the cathode 5081 of the dust removal electric field. Electrode 5083.
  • the length of the dedusting electric field anode 5082 and the dedusting electric field cathode 5081 are the same, and the dedusting electric field anode 5082 and the dedusting electric field cathode 5081 are opposite in the front and rear direction; the auxiliary electrode 5083 is located behind the dedusting electric field anode 5082 and the dedusting electric field cathode 5081. In this way, an auxiliary electric field is formed between the auxiliary electrode 5083 and the dust removal electric field cathode 5081.
  • the auxiliary electric field applies a backward force to the negatively charged oxygen ion flow between the dust removal electric field anode 5082 and the dust removal electric field cathode 5081, so that the dust removal electric field anode 5082 and The negatively charged oxygen ion flow between the cathode 5081 of the dust removal electric field has a backward moving speed.
  • the negatively charged oxygen ions will be combined with the substance to be treated in the process of moving backwards towards the anode 5082 of the dust removal electric field.
  • the oxygen ions have a backward movement Speed, when the oxygen ions are combined with the substance to be treated, there will be no strong collision between the two, so as to avoid large energy consumption due to the strong collision, making the oxygen ions easy to combine with the substance to be treated, and
  • the charging efficiency of the substances to be treated in the gas is higher, and more substances to be treated can be collected under the action of the dust removal electric field anode 5082 and the anode tube 5084, and the dust removal efficiency of the electric field device is guaranteed.
  • the dust removal electric field anode 5082, the auxiliary electrode 5083, and the dust removal electric field cathode 5081 constitute a dust removal unit, and there are multiple dust removal units to effectively improve the dust removal efficiency of the electric field device by using multiple dust removal units.
  • the above-mentioned substance to be treated may be granular dust or other impurities that need to be treated.
  • the above-mentioned gas may be a product after the ultraviolet device treats VOCs in engine exhaust.
  • the DC power supply in this embodiment may specifically be a DC high-voltage power supply.
  • a tail gas ionization and dust removal electric field is formed between the foregoing dust removal electric field cathode 5081 and the dust removal electric field anode 5082, and the tail gas ionization dust removal electric field is an electrostatic field.
  • the auxiliary electrode 5083 the ion current in the electric field between the dust removal electric field cathode 5081 and the dust removal electric field anode 5082 runs in the direction perpendicular to the electrode, and flows back and forth between the two electrodes, causing the ions to be folded back and forth between the electrodes for consumption.
  • the auxiliary electrode 5083 is used to stagger the relative positions of the electrodes to form a relative imbalance between the dust removal electric field anode 5082 and the dust removal electric field cathode 5081. This imbalance will deflect the ion current in the electric field.
  • an auxiliary electrode 5083 is used to form an electric field capable of directional ion flow.
  • the electric field device described above is also referred to as an electric field device with an acceleration direction. The collection rate of the electric field device for particles entering the electric field in the direction of ion flow is nearly double that of particles entering the electric field in the direction of counter ion flow, thereby improving the efficiency of electric field dust accumulation and reducing electric field power consumption.
  • the main reason for the low dust removal efficiency of the dust collecting electric field in the prior art is that the direction of the dust entering the electric field is opposite or perpendicular to the direction of the ion flow in the electric field, which causes the dust and the ion flow to collide violently with each other and produce large energy consumption. It also affects the charging efficiency, thereby reducing the electric field dust collection efficiency in the prior art and increasing the energy consumption.
  • the electric field device in this embodiment When the electric field device in this embodiment is used to collect dust in the gas, the gas and dust enter the electric field along the direction of ion flow, the dust is fully charged, and the electric field consumption is small; the dust collection efficiency of the unipolar electric field can reach 99.99%. When the gas and dust enter the electric field against the direction of ion flow, the dust is not fully charged, the electric power consumption of the electric field will increase, and the dust collection efficiency will be 40%-75%.
  • the ion flow formed by the electric field device in this embodiment is beneficial to the unpowered fan fluid transportation, oxygenation, heat exchange, etc.
  • the electric field device in this embodiment is applied to the VOCs gas treatment system in engine exhaust gas, and includes a dust removal electric field cathode and a dust removal electric field anode respectively electrically connected to the cathode and anode of the DC power supply, and the auxiliary electrode is electrically connected to the cathode of the DC power supply.
  • the auxiliary electrode and the cathode of the dust removal electric field both have a negative electric potential, and the anode of the dust removal electric field has a positive electric potential.
  • the auxiliary electrode can be fixedly connected to the cathode of the dust removal electric field. In this way, after the electrical connection between the cathode of the dust removal electric field and the cathode of the DC power supply is realized, the electrical connection between the auxiliary electrode and the cathode of the DC power supply is also realized. At the same time, the auxiliary electrode in this embodiment extends in the front-rear direction.
  • the anode of the dust removal electric field is tubular
  • the cathode of the dust removal electric field is rod-shaped
  • the cathode of the dust removal electric field penetrates the anode of the dust removal electric field.
  • the above-mentioned auxiliary electrode in this embodiment is also rod-shaped, and the auxiliary electrode and the dust-removing electric field cathode constitute a cathode rod. The front end of the cathode rod forwards beyond the front end of the anode of the dust removal electric field, and the part of the cathode rod that exceeds the anode of the dust removal electric field forward is the auxiliary electrode.
  • the length of the dust removal electric field anode and the dust removal electric field cathode are the same, and the dust removal electric field anode and the dust removal electric field cathode are opposite in the front and rear direction;
  • the auxiliary electrode is located in front of the dust removal electric field anode and the dust removal electric field cathode.
  • an auxiliary electric field is formed between the auxiliary electrode and the anode of the dust removal electric field.
  • the auxiliary electric field exerts a backward force on the negatively charged oxygen ion flow between the anode of the dust removal electric field and the cathode of the dust removal electric field, so that there is a gap between the anode of the dust removal electric field and the cathode of the dust removal electric field.
  • the stream of negatively charged oxygen ions has a backward moving speed.
  • the negatively charged oxygen ions will be combined with the substance to be treated in the process of moving to the dust removal electric field anode and back, because oxygen ions have a backward
  • the moving speed when the oxygen ions are combined with the substance to be treated, there will be no strong collision between the two, so as to avoid the large energy consumption caused by the strong collision, making the oxygen ions easy to combine with the substance to be treated. And it makes the charging efficiency of the substances to be treated in the gas higher, and furthermore, under the action of the anode of the dust removal electric field, more substances to be treated can be collected, and the dust removal efficiency of the electric field device is guaranteed.
  • the dust removal electric field anode, the auxiliary electrode, and the dust removal electric field cathode constitute a dust removal unit, and there are multiple dust removal units to effectively improve the dust removal efficiency of the electric field device by using multiple dust removal units.
  • the above-mentioned substance to be processed may be granular dust.
  • the electric field device in this embodiment is applied to the VOCs gas treatment system in engine exhaust, and the auxiliary electrode 5083 extends in the left and right directions.
  • the length direction of the auxiliary electrode 5083 is different from the length directions of the dust removal electric field anode 5082 and the dust removal electric field cathode 5081.
  • the auxiliary electrode 5083 may be perpendicular to the anode 5082 of the dust removal electric field.
  • the dust removal electric field cathode 5081 and the dust removal electric field anode 5082 are electrically connected to the cathode and anode of the DC power supply, respectively, and the auxiliary electrode 5083 is electrically connected to the anode of the DC power supply.
  • the dust removal electric field cathode 5081 has a negative electric potential
  • the dust removal electric field anode 5082 and the auxiliary electrode 5083 both have a positive electric potential.
  • the dust removal electric field cathode 5081 and the dust removal electric field anode 5082 are opposed to each other in the front and rear direction, and the auxiliary electrode 5083 is located behind the dust removal electric field anode 5082 and the dust removal electric field cathode 5081. In this way, an auxiliary electric field is formed between the auxiliary electrode 5083 and the dust removal electric field cathode 5081.
  • the auxiliary electric field applies a backward force to the negatively charged oxygen ion flow between the dust removal electric field anode 5082 and the dust removal electric field cathode 5081, so that the dust removal electric field anode 5082 and The negatively charged oxygen ion flow between the cathode 5081 of the dust removal electric field has a backward moving speed.
  • the negatively charged oxygen ions will interact with the material to be treated in the process of moving to the dust removal electric field anode 5082 and backward.
  • the electric field device in this embodiment is applied to the VOCs gas treatment system in engine exhaust, and the auxiliary electrode 5083 extends in the left and right directions.
  • the length direction of the auxiliary electrode 5083 is different from the length directions of the dust removal electric field anode 5082 and the dust removal electric field cathode 5081.
  • the auxiliary electrode 5083 may be perpendicular to the cathode 5081 of the dust removal electric field.
  • the dust removal electric field cathode 5081 and the dust removal electric field anode 5082 are electrically connected to the cathode and anode of the DC power supply, respectively, and the auxiliary electrode 5083 is electrically connected to the cathode of the DC power supply.
  • the dust removal electric field cathode 5081 and the auxiliary electrode 5083 both have a negative electric potential, and the dust removal electric field anode 5082 has a positive electric potential.
  • the dust removal electric field cathode 5081 and the dust removal electric field anode 5082 are positioned opposite to each other in the front and rear direction, and the auxiliary electrode 5083 is located in front of the dust removal electric field anode 5082 and the dust removal electric field cathode 5081. In this way, an auxiliary electric field is formed between the auxiliary electrode 5083 and the dedusting electric field anode 5082.
  • the auxiliary electric field applies a backward force to the negatively charged oxygen ion flow between the dedusting electric field anode 5082 and the dedusting electric field cathode 5081, so that the dedusting electric field anode 5082 and The negatively charged oxygen ion flow between the cathode 5081 of the dust removal electric field has a backward moving speed.
  • the negatively charged oxygen ions will interact with the material to be treated in the process of moving to the dust removal electric field anode 5082 and backward.
  • the VOCs gas treatment system in the engine exhaust in this embodiment includes the electric field device in the above embodiment 19, 20, 21 or 22.
  • the exhaust gas discharged from the engine needs to flow through the ultraviolet device first, and the product after the ultraviolet device treats the exhaust gas then flows through the electric field device to effectively remove the dust and other pollutants in the gas by the electric field device; then, the treated product The gas is then discharged to the atmosphere to reduce the impact of engine exhaust on the atmosphere.
  • the engine exhaust device is also called an exhaust gas treatment device
  • the dust removal electric field cathode 5081 is also called an electric field cathode
  • the dust removal electric field anode 5082 is also called an electric field anode.
  • the engine exhaust dust removal system includes an exhaust gas cooling device for reducing the exhaust gas temperature before the entrance of the electric field device.
  • the exhaust gas cooling device can be connected to the inlet of the electric field device.
  • this embodiment provides an exhaust gas cooling device, including:
  • the heat exchange unit 3071 is used for heat exchange with the exhaust gas of the engine, so as to heat the liquid heat exchange medium in the heat exchange unit 3071 into a gaseous heat exchange medium.
  • the heat exchange unit 3071 in this embodiment may include:
  • the exhaust gas passage cavity is connected to the exhaust pipe of the engine, and the exhaust gas passage cavity is used for the exhaust gas of the engine to pass through;
  • the medium gasification chamber is used to convert the liquid heat exchange medium and the exhaust gas into a gaseous heat exchange medium after heat exchange.
  • the medium vaporization cavity there is a liquid heat exchange medium in the medium vaporization cavity, and the liquid heat exchange medium is converted into a gaseous heat exchange medium after heat exchange with the tail gas in the tail gas passing through the cavity.
  • the exhaust gas passes through the cavity to realize the collection of automobile exhaust gas.
  • the length directions of the medium vaporization cavity and the tail gas passage cavity may be the same, that is, the axis of the medium vaporization cavity and the axis of the tail gas passage cavity coincide.
  • the medium vaporization chamber may be located in the exhaust gas passage cavity or outside the exhaust gas passage cavity.
  • the heat carried by the vehicle exhaust gas will be transferred to the liquid in the vaporization cavity of the medium, and the liquid will be heated above the boiling point.
  • the liquid will vaporize into a gaseous medium such as high temperature and high pressure vapor.
  • the medium gasification cavity may be fully covered or the part except the front end thereof may be covered inside and outside the exhaust gas passage cavity.
  • the exhaust gas cooling device in this embodiment further includes a power generation unit 3072, which is used to convert the thermal energy of the heat exchange medium and/or the exhaust gas into mechanical energy.
  • the exhaust gas cooling device in this embodiment may further include a power generation unit 3073, which is used to convert the mechanical energy generated by the power generation unit 3072 into electrical energy.
  • the working principle of the exhaust gas cooling device in this embodiment is: the heat exchange unit 3071 exchanges heat with the exhaust gas of the engine to heat the liquid heat exchange medium in the heat exchange unit 3071 into a gaseous heat exchange medium; the power generation unit 3072 will The thermal energy of the heat exchange medium or the thermal energy of the exhaust gas is converted into mechanical energy; if the power generation unit 3073 is included, the power generation unit 3073 converts the mechanical energy generated by the power generation unit 3072 into electrical energy, thereby realizing the use of engine exhaust gas for power generation, avoiding the heat and pressure carried by the exhaust gas.
  • the heat exchange medium in this embodiment can be water, methanol, ethanol, oil, or alkane.
  • the above-mentioned heat exchange medium is a substance that can change phase due to temperature, and its volume and pressure also change accordingly during the phase change process.
  • the heat exchange unit 3071 in this embodiment is also called a heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchange unit 3071 may adopt a tube heat exchange device.
  • the design considerations of the heat exchange unit 3071 include pressure bearing, volume reduction, and heat exchange area increase.
  • the exhaust gas cooling device in this embodiment may further include a medium transmission unit 3074 connected between the heat exchange unit 3071 and the power generation unit 3072.
  • the gaseous medium such as vapor formed in the medium gasification chamber acts on the power generation unit 3072 through the medium transmission unit 3074.
  • the medium transmission unit 3074 includes a pressure-bearing pipeline.
  • the power generation unit 3072 includes a turbofan.
  • the turbofan can convert the pressure generated by gaseous media such as steam or tail gas into kinetic energy.
  • the turbofan includes a turbofan shaft and at least one set of turbofan components fixed on the turbofan shaft.
  • the turbofan assembly includes a guide fan and a power fan. When the steam pressure acts on the turbofan assembly, the turbofan shaft will rotate with the turbofan assembly, thereby converting the steam pressure into kinetic energy.
  • the power generation unit 3072 includes a turbofan, the pressure of the exhaust gas of the engine can also act on the turbofan to drive the turbofan to rotate. In this way, the steam pressure and the exhaust gas pressure can alternately and seamlessly switch to act on the turbofan.
  • the power generation unit 3073 converts kinetic energy into electric energy to realize waste heat power generation; when the generated electric energy in turn drives the turbofan to rotate, and the turbofan rotates in the second direction.
  • the power generation unit 3073 converts electrical energy into exhaust resistance to provide exhaust resistance for the engine.
  • the turbofan will The braking energy is converted into electrical energy to realize engine exhaust braking and braking power generation.
  • a constant negative exhaust pressure can be generated through high-speed turbofan exhaust, which reduces the exhaust resistance of the engine and realizes engine assist.
  • the power generation unit 3072 also includes a turbofan adjustment module.
  • the turbofan adjustment module uses the peak of the engine exhaust pressure to push the turbofan to generate the moment of inertia, and further delay the generation of negative exhaust gas pressure to promote the engine Inhale, reduce the exhaust resistance of the engine, and increase the engine power.
  • the exhaust gas cooling device in this embodiment can be applied to a fuel engine, such as a diesel engine or a gasoline engine.
  • the exhaust gas cooling device in this embodiment can also be applied to a gas engine.
  • the present exhaust gas cooling device is used on a diesel engine of a vehicle, that is, the above-mentioned exhaust gas passage cavity communicates with the exhaust port of the diesel engine.
  • the exhaust gas cooling device in this embodiment may further include a coupling unit 3075, which is electrically connected between the power generation unit 3072 and the power generation unit 3073, and the power generation unit 3073 communicates with the power generation unit 3075 through the coupling unit 3075.
  • Unit 3072 is coaxially coupled.
  • the exhaust gas cooling device in this embodiment may further include a heat preservation pipe connected between the exhaust pipe of the engine and the heat exchange unit 3071.
  • the two ends of the thermal insulation pipeline are respectively connected with the exhaust port of the engine system and the exhaust gas passage cavity, so that the thermal insulation pipeline is used to maintain the high temperature of the exhaust gas and introduce the exhaust gas into the exhaust gas passage cavity.
  • the exhaust gas cooling device in this embodiment may further include a fan, which passes air into the exhaust gas and has a cooling effect on the exhaust gas before the entrance of the electric field device.
  • the air introduced can be 50% to 300%, or 100% to 180%, or 120% to 150% of the exhaust gas.
  • the exhaust gas cooling device in this embodiment can assist the engine system to realize the recovery and reuse of engine exhaust heat, which helps to reduce engine emissions of greenhouse gases, and also helps to reduce emissions of harmful gases from fuel-fueled engines, reduces pollutant emissions, and saves fuel. Engine emissions are more environmentally friendly.
  • the intake air of the exhaust gas cooling device can be used to purify the air, when the particle content of the exhaust gas processed by the engine exhaust dust removal system of the present invention is less than that of the air.
  • the exhaust gas cooling device can be applied to the fields of energy saving and emission reduction of diesel, gasoline, and gas engines, and is an innovative technology for improving engine efficiency, fuel saving technology, and improving engine economy.
  • the exhaust gas cooling device can help the automobile save fuel and improve the fuel economy; it can also make the waste heat of the engine be recycled and use energy efficiently.
  • the exhaust gas cooling device of the present invention can realize waste heat power generation based on automobile exhaust gas, and has high thermal energy conversion efficiency, and the heat exchange medium can be recycled; it can be applied to the fields of energy saving and emission reduction such as diesel engines, gasoline engines, and gas engines.
  • the waste heat of the engine can be recycled, thereby improving the economy of the engine; a constant negative exhaust pressure is generated through high-speed turbofan extraction, which reduces the exhaust resistance of the engine and improves the efficiency of the engine. Therefore, the present invention effectively overcomes various shortcomings in the prior art and has high industrial value.
  • This embodiment provides a method for processing VOCs in engine exhaust, including the following steps:
  • the tail gas containing VOCs is subjected to UV purification treatment to obtain the product after UV treatment tail gas;
  • the product after UV treatment tail gas is subjected to electric field dust removal treatment to remove particulate matter in the product after UV treatment tail gas.
  • the electric field dust removal treatment method includes: passing dust-containing gas through an ionization dust removal electric field generated by an electric field anode and an electric field cathode to perform dust removal treatment.
  • the electric field dust removal treatment method further includes: the ratio of the dust accumulation area of the electric field anode to the discharge area of the electric field cathode, the distance between the electric field anode and the electric field cathode, and the The length of the electric field anode and the length of the electric field cathode make the coupling times of the ionization electric field ⁇ 3.
  • the electric field dust removal processing method further includes a method of providing an auxiliary electric field, including:
  • VOCs stock solution (industrial banana water)
  • UV ultraviolet lamp U-shaped tube, 150W, 185nm+254nm mixed wavelength
  • Electric field device the electric field device of embodiment 1 is adopted;
  • VOCs concentration detection instrument CO 2 concentration detection instrument, PM2.5 detection instrument, temperature and humidity detection instrument;
  • PN value detection method PN value: the number of solid particles, using the principle of light scattering, using a laser dust particle counter to detect the solid particles in the VOC gas, the gas flow rate is 2.8L/min, and 5s is a sampling period .
  • the VOCs treatment system in engine exhaust includes an ultraviolet device 4 and an electric field device 5 connected in sequence.
  • the ultraviolet device 4 includes an air inlet 41, an air outlet 42, and an ultraviolet lamp 43.
  • the electric field device 5 provided in Embodiment 1 is used, and the air outlet 42 of the ultraviolet device 4 is in communication with the electric field device inlet 51 of the electric field device 5.
  • the clean space enters the air humidification tank 1, the humidity of the clean air is adjusted in the air humidification tank 1, the VOCs stock solution is stored in the VOCs storage tank 2, and the clean air from the air humidification tank 1 is combined with the VOCs storage tank
  • the VOCs stock solution is mixed in the mixing buffer tank 3 to control the gas flow of clean air and VOCs stock solution, and the gas flow and concentration of the gas containing VOCs (referred to as VOCs gas) after mixing are controlled at 0.95m 3 /h, 320mg/m 3 .
  • the VOCs gas is transported into the ultraviolet device 4 through the air inlet 41 of the ultraviolet device for UV purification treatment, and the product after UV treatment is obtained.
  • the purified product is transported to the electric field device 5 through the air outlet 42 for electric field dust removal treatment to remove the purified product The particles are finally discharged from the outlet 52 of the electric field device 5.
  • VOCs concentration content, CO 2 concentration content and PM2.5 value in the VOCs gas at the inlet 41 of the ultraviolet device and the outlet 52 of the electric field device of the electric field device 5 respectively; respectively at the inlet 41 of the ultraviolet device and the outlet 42 of the ultraviolet device ,
  • the outlet 52 of the electric field device 5 detects the PN value of solid particles of different sizes in the gas, and the specific detection particle size is 23nm, 0.3 ⁇ m, 0.5 ⁇ m, 1.0 ⁇ m, 3.0 ⁇ m, 5.0 ⁇ m, 10 ⁇ m.
  • the main test parameters are shown in Table 1.
  • VOCs with an initial flow rate of 0.95 m 3 /h and an initial concentration of 320 mg/m 3 are passed into the ultraviolet device 4 and the electric field device 5 in sequence.
  • the DC power supply parameters of the electric field device were adjusted to 9.10kV and 2.98mA, and the organic solid particles in the product after UV purification were removed.
  • the VOCs concentration at the outlet of the electric field device and the VOCs removal rate with time are shown in Figure 13, where A shows the VOCs at the outlet of the electric field device Concentration, B shows the removal efficiency of VOCs, the concentration of VOCs within 80s is basically maintained at 320mg/m 3 without changing, the concentration of VOCs drops rapidly after 80s; the concentration of VOCs drops to 201mg/m 3 after 440s , The removal efficiency is as high as 37.1%.
  • Figure 14 is the change curve of CO 2 concentration at the outlet of the electric field device with treatment time.
  • the initial CO 2 concentration is 903.3 mg/m 3. It can be seen from Figure 14 that the CO 2 concentration increases rapidly after the UV lamp is turned on. When the treatment time reaches After 453s, the CO 2 concentration reached 1126 mg/m 3 , and then the CO 2 concentration remained relatively stable within the range of 1135 mg/m 3 . It can be seen that the opening of the dust removal electric field has little effect on the amount of CO 2 produced.
  • Figure 15 shows the change curve of PM2.5 at the outlet of the electric field device with processing time.
  • the original PM2.5 value in the VOCs gas is 25 ⁇ g/m 3 ; it can be seen from Figure 15 that when After turning on the ultraviolet device alone, PM2.5 increased rapidly, and the final PM2.5 value remained at about 5966 ⁇ g/m 3 , that is, PM2.5 increased by about 240 times.
  • the DC power supply of the electric field device was turned on at 717s, and the experiment of removing organic solid particles under the conditions of 5.13kV and 0.15mA electric field was carried out.
  • the PM 2.5 value dropped to 10 ⁇ g/m 3 within 60s of turning on the electric field device, and the removal efficiency of PM 2.5 was 99.8%.
  • the PN value content of solid particles of different sizes in the original VOCs gas is detected.
  • the particle number (PN value) distribution of the solid particles of different sizes in the original VOCs gas is shown in Table 2.
  • the PN of solid particles of various sizes in the outlet gas of the dust removal zone increases greatly.
  • Table 3 It can be seen from Table 3 that the PN value of 23nm, 0.3 ⁇ m, 0.5 ⁇ m, 1.0 ⁇ m, 3.0 ⁇ m, 5.0 ⁇ m, 10 ⁇ m solid particles increased to 2585933682 pieces/m 3 , 122762968 pieces/m 3 , 122596749 pieces/m 3 , 120574982 pieces, respectively /m 3 , 117328622 pieces/m 3 , 112109682 pieces/m 3 , 105862049 pieces/m 3 , among them, the PN value of the two solid particles of 5.0 ⁇ m and 10 ⁇ m increased the most significantly, with an increase of about 150,000 times.
  • Electric field device the electric field device of Embodiment 15 is used, and the others are the same as Embodiment 25.
  • VOCs with an initial flow rate of 0.95 m 3 /h and an initial concentration of 320 mg/m 3 are passed into the ultraviolet device 4 and the electric field device 5 in sequence.
  • the DC power supply of the electric field device was turned on at 717s, and the experiment of removing organic solid particles under the conditions of 5.13kV and 0.15mA electric field was carried out. Within 60 seconds of turning on the electric field device, the PM 2.5 value dropped to 0.02 ⁇ g/m 3 , and the removal efficiency of PM 2.5 was 99%. .
  • the DC power supply parameters of the electric field device were adjusted to 9.10kV and 2.98mA, and the experiment of removing organic solid particles was carried out.
  • the experimental data is shown in Table 9.
  • the data in Table 9 are the average values of 6 samples. Under the electric field conditions, the removal efficiency of 23nm, 0.3 ⁇ m and 0.5 ⁇ m solid particles reaches more than 99.99%.
  • Electric field device the electric field device of embodiment 16 is adopted, and the others are the same as embodiment 25.
  • VOCs with an initial flow rate of 0.95 m 3 /h and an initial concentration of 320 mg/m 3 are passed into the ultraviolet device 4 and the electric field device 5 in sequence.
  • the DC power supply of the electric field device was turned on at 717s, and the experiment of removing organic solid particles under the conditions of 5.13kV and 0.15mA electric field was carried out. Within 60 seconds of turning on the electric field device, the PM 2.5 value dropped to 0.02 ⁇ g/m 3 , and the removal efficiency of PM 2.5 was 99%. .
  • the DC power supply parameters of the electric field device were adjusted to 9.10kV and 2.98mA, and the experiment of removing organic solid particles was carried out.
  • the experimental data is shown in Table 12.
  • the data in Table 12 are the average values of 6 samples. Under this electric field condition, the solid particles of 23nm, 0.3 ⁇ m and 0.5 ⁇ m further dropped to 345 particles/m 3 , 8 particles/m 3 and 0 particles/m 3 , and the removal efficiency reached more than 99.999%.
  • Electric field device the electric field device of embodiment 17 is adopted, and the others are the same as embodiment 25.
  • VOCs with an initial flow rate of 0.95 m 3 /h and an initial concentration of 320 mg/m 3 are passed into the ultraviolet device 4 and the electric field device 5 in sequence.
  • the DC power supply of the electric field device was turned on at 717s, and the experiment of removing organic solid particles under the conditions of 5.13kV and 0.15mA electric field was carried out. Within 60 seconds of turning on the electric field device, the PM 2.5 value dropped to 0.02 ⁇ g/m 3 , and the removal efficiency of PM 2.5 was 99%. .
  • the DC power supply of the electric field device was turned on at 717s, and the experiment of removing organic solid particles under the electric field conditions of 5.13kV and 0.15mA was carried out.
  • the experimental data is shown in Table 13, and the data in Table 13 are the average values of 6 samples.
  • the PN of the gas at the outlet of the dust removal zone drops significantly.
  • the DC power supply parameters of the electric field device were adjusted to 9.10kV and 2.98mA, and the experiment of removing organic solid particles was carried out.
  • the experimental data is shown in Table 15.
  • the data in Table 15 are the average of 6 samples. Under the electric field condition, the removal efficiency of 23nm, 0.3 ⁇ m and 0.5 ⁇ m solid particles are all above 99.99%.
  • Electric field device the electric field device of embodiment 18 is used, and the others are the same as embodiment 25.
  • VOCs with an initial flow rate of 0.95 m 3 /h and an initial concentration of 320 mg/m 3 are passed into the ultraviolet device 4 and the electric field device 5 in sequence.
  • the DC power supply of the electric field device was turned on at 717s, and the experiment of removing organic solid particles under the conditions of 5.13kV and 0.15mA electric field was carried out. Within 60 seconds of turning on the electric field device, the PM 2.5 value dropped to 0.002 ⁇ g/m 3 , and the removal efficiency of PM 2.5 was 99.9% .
  • the experimental data is shown in Table 17.
  • the data in Table 17 are the average value of 6 samples; when the electric field is turned on for 60s under this condition Then, as shown in Table 17, the removal efficiency of solid particles with sizes of 23nm, 0.3 ⁇ m, 0.5 ⁇ m, 1.0 ⁇ m, 3.0 ⁇ m, 5.0 ⁇ m, and 10 ⁇ m all reached more than 99%.
  • the DC power supply parameters of the electric field device were adjusted to 9.10kV and 2.98mA, and the experiment of removing organic solid particles was carried out.
  • the experimental data is shown in Table 18.
  • the data in Table 18 are the average of 6 samplings. Under the electric field conditions, the removal efficiency of 23nm, 0.3 ⁇ m and 0.5 ⁇ m solid particles reaches more than 99.99%.
  • Electric field device the electric field device of embodiment 21 is used, and the others are the same as embodiment 25.
  • VOCs with an initial flow rate of 0.95 m 3 /h and an initial concentration of 320 mg/m 3 are passed into the ultraviolet device 4 and the electric field device 5 in sequence.
  • the DC power supply of the electric field device was turned on, and the experiment of removing organic solid particles under the conditions of 5.13kV and 0.15mA electric field was carried out.
  • the PM 2.5 value dropped to 0.21 ⁇ g/m 3 , and the removal efficiency of PM 2.5 was 99%. .
  • the DC power supply parameters of the electric field device were adjusted to 9.10kV and 2.98mA, and the experiment of removing organic solid particles was carried out.
  • the experimental data is shown in Table 21.
  • the data in Table 21 are the average values of 6 samples. Under the electric field condition, the removal efficiency of 23nm, 0.3 ⁇ m and 0.5 ⁇ m solid particles all reach more than 99.99%.
  • Example 31 Combination purification of UV + molecular sieve + activated carbon (hereinafter referred to as “combined purification”)
  • This embodiment provides a method for processing VOCs in engine exhaust gas, which includes: subjecting the exhaust gas to UV purification treatment to obtain a product after UV treatment of the exhaust gas; subjecting the product after UV treatment to the exhaust gas for adsorption purification, and then performing electric field dust removal treatment.
  • FIG. 16 for a schematic flow diagram of the main experimental device of this embodiment.
  • the VOCs treatment system in engine exhaust includes an ultraviolet device 4 and an adsorption device 6 connected in sequence.
  • the ultraviolet device 4 includes an air inlet 41, an air outlet 42, and an ultraviolet lamp 43.
  • the adsorption device 6 includes an air inlet 61 and an air outlet 62, and the air inlet 61 of the adsorption device 6 is in communication with the air outlet 42 of the ultraviolet device 4.
  • the clean space enters the air humidification tank 1, the humidity of the clean air is adjusted in the air humidification tank 1, the VOCs stock solution is stored in the VOCs storage tank 2, and the clean air from the air humidification tank 1 is combined with the VOCs storage tank
  • the VOCs stock solution is mixed in the mixing buffer tank 3, the gas flow of the clean air and the VOCs stock solution is controlled, and the mixed VOCs gas is passed into the ultraviolet device 4 and the adsorption device 6 in sequence.
  • a part of it is purified by UV photolysis and photooxidation.
  • the remaining VOCs molecules are removed by physical adsorption purification of molecular sieve with porous structure + activated carbon, and the finally purified gas is discharged through the outlet of the adsorption device to achieve the purpose of VOCs gas purification.
  • the ultraviolet device 4 is equipped with a 150W U-shaped ultraviolet lamp tube 43, and the adsorption device 6 is filled with 25.1g molecular sieve 63 and 30.8g active 64 respectively.
  • the humidity of the VOCs gas entering the air inlet 41 of the ultraviolet device 4 is controlled above 90% RH. Adjust the gas flow rate of clean air and VOCs stock solution, and control the gas flow rate and concentration of VOCs at 0.9m 3 /h and 614mg/m 3 , see 23 for other experimental parameters.
  • Figure 17 is the time-varying curve of VOCs concentration at the air inlet 41, air outlet 42, and outlet 62 of the ultraviolet device 4 when purifying low VOCs concentration, where A shows the VOCs concentration at the outlet of the buffer tank, and B shows ultraviolet The concentration of VOCs at the outlet of the device, C shows the concentration of VOCs at the outlet of the adsorption device.
  • A shows the VOCs concentration at the outlet of the buffer tank
  • B shows ultraviolet The concentration of VOCs at the outlet of the device
  • C shows the concentration of VOCs at the outlet of the adsorption device.
  • the VOCs concentration at the outlet 62 of the adsorption device 6 30mg/m 3 (when the VOCs concentration is set to 5% of the original concentration, the adsorbent penetrates), the adsorbent penetrates, and the combined purification efficiency before penetration At least 95%;
  • the combined purification efficiency gradually decreases.
  • the concentration of the outlet 62 of the adsorption device 6 rises to 197mg/m 3 , at this time the concentration of the outlet of the ultraviolet device is 219mg/m 3 , that is The concentration before and after the adsorption purification is basically the same.
  • the molecular sieve + activated carbon combined adsorbent has reached saturation and can no longer play the role of adsorbing and purifying VOCs.
  • the saturated adsorbent needs to be replaced in advance and VOCs desorption regeneration.
  • the entire combined purification process from the beginning of the purification to the saturation of the adsorbent in the adsorption device, totals about 7200 seconds. According to the statistics of this test, the VOCs purification efficiency of the UV purification device is basically maintained at about 40.9%.
  • Figure 18 shows the change curve of CO 2 concentration at the inlet, outlet and outlet of the UV device with time when purifying low VOCs concentration, where A shows the CO 2 concentration at the outlet of the buffer tank, and B shows the outlet of the UV device at the CO 2 concentration, C is the display device of the source outlet concentration of CO 2 adsorption. It can be seen from Figure 18 that the CO 2 concentration at the air inlet of the ultraviolet device is maintained at an average level of 852 mg/m 3 as a whole. When the maximum UV VOCs purification efficiency is reached, the CO 2 concentration at the air outlet of the ultraviolet device is basically maintained at a relatively stable level. 1284mg/m 3 , the new generation rate of CO 2 after UV purification is stable at about 50.7%.
  • the CO 2 concentration at the outlet of the adsorption device reached the maximum value of 1584 mg/m 3 after 360 seconds, and then remained at a relatively stable level of 1472 mg/m 3 , that is, the new CO 2 generation rate of the combined purification was stabilized at about 72.8%.
  • the PM2.5 value in the 0.9m 3 /h and 614mg/m 3 VOCs gas was 79 ⁇ g/m 3.
  • the PM2.5 value in the outlet gas of the adsorption device rose to 6096 ⁇ g/m 3 , PM2.5 increased nearly 77 times.
  • VOCs not only decompose to generate CO 2 in the process of UV photolysis and photooxidation, but also undergo photopolymerization. VOCs molecules polymerize to form organic particles with high molecular weight, which are dispersed in the gas.
  • Figure 19 shows the time-varying curve of VOCs concentration at the inlet, outlet and outlet of the ultraviolet device when purifying high VOCs concentration.
  • A shows the VOCs concentration at the outlet of the buffer tank
  • B shows the VOCs at the outlet of the ultraviolet device.
  • Concentration, C shows the VOCs concentration at the outlet of the adsorption device.
  • Figure 19 from the change curve of the VOCs concentration C7 at the outlet of the adsorption zone, it can be seen that at the beginning of the combined purification test, the VOCs concentration at the outlet of the adsorption zone within 0s-600s stabilized at 8-19mg/m 3 , and the combined purification efficiency during this period reached 98.3%.
  • the VOCs concentration at the outlet of the adsorption zone 55mg/m 3 (when the VOCs concentration is set to 5% of the original concentration, the adsorbent penetrates), the adsorbent penetrates, and the combined purification efficiency is at least 94.7% before penetration ;
  • the combined purification efficiency gradually decreases.
  • the concentration C7 at the outlet of the adsorption zone rises to 451mg/m 3
  • the concentration C5 at the outlet of the ultraviolet device is 456mg/m 3
  • molecular sieve + activated carbon The combined adsorbent has reached saturation and can no longer play the role of adsorbing and purifying VOCs.
  • the combined purification efficiency has dropped to 41.1%, and only the UV photolysis device can perform purification.
  • the entire combined purification process from the beginning of the purification to the saturation of the adsorbent in the adsorption device, takes about 7200 seconds. According to the statistics of this test, the VOCs purification efficiency of the UV purification device is basically maintained at about 41.1%.
  • Figure 20 shows the change curve of CO 2 concentration at the inlet, outlet, and adsorption device outlet of the ultraviolet device with time when purifying high VOCs concentration.
  • A shows the CO 2 concentration at the outlet of the buffer tank
  • B shows the outlet of the ultraviolet device at the CO 2 concentration
  • C is the display device of the source outlet concentration of CO 2 adsorption.
  • the CO 2 concentration at the outlet of the adsorption device reached the maximum value of 1748 mg/m 3 after 360 seconds, and then remained at a relatively stable level of 1679 mg/m 3 , that is, the new CO 2 generation rate of the combined purification stabilized at about 90.3%.
  • UV contrast at the purge outlet means and the adsorption means and a newly generated CO concentration ratio of 2 it is found, the new generation of CO concentration and the adsorption device 2 is still a substantial increase, due to the ultraviolet rays from the apparatus outlet VOCs, O 3, After entering the adsorption zone, H 2 O can be adsorbed on the outer surface of molecular sieve and activated carbon and the inner surface of the pores, and the catalytic oxidation and decomposition of VOCs will continue to generate CO 2 , which further purifies the VOCs in the exhaust gas.
  • the PM2.5 value in the 0.9m 3 /h and 1105mg/m 3 VOCs gas was 17 ⁇ g/m 3
  • the PM2.5 value in the outlet gas of the adsorption device rose to 5580 ⁇ g/m 3
  • PM 2.5 increased nearly 300 times; meanwhile, a yellow oily liquid was formed at the lower end of the 21AE molecular sieve adsorption column of the adsorption device.
  • part of the product is high molecular weight organic solid particles, which can be suspended in the gas and taken out of the UV purification unit with the airflow for discharge; the other part is liquid The state is deposited on the inner surface of the pipe.
  • the present invention effectively overcomes various shortcomings in the prior art and has high industrial value.

Abstract

一种发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理系统，包括：进口、出口、及位于进口和出口之间的流道；还包括紫外线装置（4）、尾气电场装置（5），紫外线装置（4）、尾气电场装置（5）从进口至出口方向依次沿流道设置。尾气电场装置（5）包括：电场装置入口、电场装置出口、电场阴极（10212）和电场阳极（10211），电场阴极（10212）和电场阳极（10211）用于产生电离除尘电场。该系统利用电场除尘有效脱除发动机尾气及UV照射发动机尾气处理气体后的产物中纳米颗粒。还公开一种发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理方法。

Description

一种发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理系统和方法 技术领域
本发明属于环保领域，涉及一种发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理系统和方法。
背景技术
发动机对环境的污染主要来自发动机的排气产物即发动机尾气，发动机尾气中含有大量的挥发性有机化合物(volatile organic compounds，VOCs)、一氧化碳(CO)、氮氧化合物(NO x)等，对环境造成严重污染。特别是发动机尾气中含有的VOCs主要有烃类(烷烃、芳烃、烯烃)，及烃类的衍生物(卤代烃、醛类、酮类、醇类、含N/S原子结构)等。VOCs能够直接危害人类身体、影响人体健康状况的物质，它不仅对人的视觉、嗅觉和呼吸等系统的器官有刺激作用，而且还会对心脏、肺等器官及神经系统有伤害。另，VOCs可以与大气环境中的其他污染物反应，导致局部区域或全球性的环境问题，如在阳光(紫外光)作用下，VOCs可与NOx发生光化学反应形成细小的悬浮颗粒物和光化学烟雾，危害身体健康和农作物减产。
鉴于VOCs来源途径较多，排放量逐年增长，且VOCs组成结构极为复杂，开发有效降低VOCs排放的方法一直是行业研究的热点和难点。减少大气中VOCs的排放量，可以从排放的源头进行控制，或者对排放的末端进行综合治理。
对于高浓度的VOCs(大于5000mg/m 3)，适合进行回收并循环利用，有吸附法、吸收法、膜分离法等，其中物理吸附方法仅仅是将VOCs由气态形式转换为吸附态，吸附态的VOCs有机物尚需要进一步处理，而且吸附剂要经过反复再生过程。
对于中低浓度的VOCs常采用分子降解技术进行控制，主要有催化燃烧法、光催化法、低温等离子体法、光分解法、光催化氧化法等。其中，催化燃烧技术受限于高价格的金属催化剂、过多的能量消耗、催化剂中毒失活及高温下VOCs的易燃易爆的特性。光催化氧化技术是一种在室温下即可以实现低浓度VOCs分解的方法，被认为是一种有前景的处理工艺，但是其同样受限于催化剂的失活、电子对孔穴的再生等，同时，光催化氧化技术在反应开始可以达到较高的VOCs脱除效率，但反应过程中会在光催化剂表面形成光催化氧化中间体沉积物，导致光催化剂的催化活性降低。
紫外光(UV)降解VOCs技术是一种消除VOCs的简单方法，同时UV光降解技术不使用催化剂，具有较低的成本及可操作性，引起行业的关注。UV光降解VOCs有两个反应途径：一个反应途径是光分解反应，也可以称做光离解，其中典型的技术是UV灯管，由于短波长紫外线光子能量高于大多数污染物质分子内部化学键的键能，UV灯发出的185nm波长紫外光，其具有较高的能量(6.7eV)，可以被用来破坏并分解各种VOCs的化学键结构，包括苯、甲苯、二甲苯等较难处理的有机分子结构；另一个反应途径是光氧化反应， 185nm波长的紫外光，其产生的高能光子可以活化O 2和H 2O水蒸汽分子，产生大量具有强氧化性的活性自由基，如O(1D)、O(3P)、羟基自由基(*OH)、O 3等，可以继续氧化分解VOCs分子及其新生成的中间体小分子，从而起到降低污染物浓度的作用。
在实际工程案例中发现，采用UV光解技术处理VOCs的过程中，光降解与光聚合反应同时发生，光降解可生成无害化CO 2与H 2O，而光聚合反应的产物为高分子聚合物，表现为粉尘颗粒(大分子量的有机固体颗粒物)，直接排放会对环境造成二次污染。但是，现有使用光解技术处理VOCs的工艺路线中，只检测VOCs的浓度变化，未考虑聚合反应的颗粒物产物，颗粒物作为光解技术的一种产物，若不对其进行截留收集，任其排放进入大气，对环境造成粉尘超标危害。
静电除尘是一种气体除尘方法，通常在冶金、化学等工业领域中用以净化气体或回收有用尘粒。现有技术中，由于占用空间较大、系统结构复杂、除尘效果差(特别是，只能去除大颗粒物，在高温或低温尾气中含有水滴的条件下，除尘效率显著降低)等问题，无法基于静电除尘对发动机尾气颗粒物进行处理。
发明内容
鉴于以上所述现有技术的缺点，本发明的目的在于提供一种发动机尾气中VOCs处理系统和方法，用于解决现有技术发动机尾气处理系统需要定期维护及效果不稳定中至少一个问题，还解决现有技术不能有效脱除发动机尾气中VOCs组分的问题。本申请发明人通过研究发现紫外线处理含VOCs的尾气技术中存在的新问题，并找到相应的技术手段来解决这些问题。例如，现有技术没有认识到、但是本申请发明人发现含有VOCs的尾气经UV照射处理后的产物中含有纳米颗粒物，尤其是50nm以下的颗粒，特别是23nm左右的颗粒物，因此需要在排放到空气中之前进行脱除纳米颗粒物的操作。另外，本申请发明人发现他们发明的电场除尘系统能有效地脱除UV处理含有VOCs的尾气后产物中的纳米颗粒，尤其是50nm以下的颗粒，避免二次污染，因此解决了本领域技术人员没有认识到的技术问题，并且取得了预料不到的技术效果。同时，本申请的发明人通过研究发现了现有电离除尘技术中存在的新问题，并通过一系列技术手段来解决，例如，当尾气温度或发动机温度低于一定温度时，发动机尾气中可能含有液体水，本发明在尾气电场装置前安装除水装置，脱除尾气中的液体水，提高光解VOCs和电离除尘效果；在高温条件下，通过控制尾气电场装置阳极的集尘面积与阴极的放电面积比、阴极/阳极的长度、极间距以及设置辅助电场等，有效减少电场耦合，并使得尾气电场装置在高温冲击下仍具有高效率的集尘能力。因此，本发明适合在苛刻条件下作业，并保证尾气中VOCs脱除效率和除纳米颗粒效率，故从商业角度出发，本发明完全可适用于发动机。
为实现上述目的及其他相关目的，本发明提供以下示例：
1.本发明提供的示例1：一种发动机尾气中VOCs处理系统，包括：
进口、出口、及位于进口和出口之间的流道；
还包括紫外线装置、尾气电场装置，所述紫外线装置、尾气电场装置从所述进口至所述出口方向依次沿所述流道设置。
2.本发明提供的示例2：包括上述示例1，其中，所述紫外线装置包括至少一个紫外灯。
3.本发明提供的示例3：包括上述示例1或2，其中，所述紫外灯提供的紫外光为单波峰紫外光或双波峰紫外光。
4.本发明提供的示例4：包括上述示例1-3中的任一项，其中，所述紫外灯提供的单波峰紫外光的主波峰为253.7nm或185nm。
5.本发明提供的示例5：包括上述示例1-4中的任一项，其中，所述紫外灯提供的双波峰紫外光的主波峰分别为253.7nm和185nm。
6.本发明提供的示例6：包括上述示例1，其中，所述尾气电场装置包括电场装置入口、电场装置出口、电场阴极和电场阳极，所述电场阴极和所述电场阳极用于产生尾气电离除尘电场。
7.本发明提供的示例7：包括上述示例6，其中，所述电场阳极包括第一阳极部和第二阳极部，所述第一阳极部靠近电场装置入口，第二阳极部靠近电场装置出口，所述第一阳极部和所述第二阳极部之间设置有至少一个阴极支撑板。
8.本发明提供的示例8：包括上述示例1-7中的任一项，其中，所述尾气电场装置还包括尾气绝缘机构，用于实现所述阴极支撑板和所述电场阳极之间的绝缘。
9.本发明提供的示例9：包括上述示例8，其中，所述电场阳极和所述电场阴极之间形成电场流道，所述尾气绝缘机构设置在所述电场流道外。
10.本发明提供的示例10：包括上述示例8或9，其中，所述尾气绝缘机构包括绝缘部和隔热部；所述绝缘部的材料采用陶瓷材料或玻璃材料。
11.本发明提供的示例11：包括上述示例10，其中，所述绝缘部为伞状串陶瓷柱、伞状串玻璃柱、柱状串陶瓷柱或柱状玻璃柱，伞内外或柱内外挂釉。
12.本发明提供的示例12：包括上述示例11，其中，伞状串陶瓷柱或伞状串玻璃柱的外缘与所述电场阳极的距离是电场距离的1.4倍以上，伞状串陶瓷柱或伞状串玻璃柱的伞突边间距总和是伞状串陶瓷柱或伞状串玻璃柱的绝缘间距1.4倍以上，伞状串陶瓷柱或伞状串玻璃柱的伞边内深总长是伞状串陶瓷柱或伞状串玻璃柱的绝缘距离1.4倍以上。
13.本发明提供的示例13：包括上述示例7至12中的任一项，其中，所述第一阳极部的长度是所述电场阳极长度的1/10至1/4、1/4至1/3、1/3至1/2、1/2至2/3、2/3至3/4，或3/4至9/10。
14.本发明提供的示例14：包括上述示例7至13中的任一项，其中，所述第一阳极部的长度是足够的长，以清除部分灰尘，减少积累在所述尾气绝缘机构和所述阴极支撑板上的灰尘，减少灰尘造成的电击穿。
15.本发明提供的示例15：包括上述示例7至14中的任一项，其中，所述第二阳极部包括积尘段和预留积尘段。
16.本发明提供的示例16：包括上述示例6至15中的任一项，其中，所述电场阴极包括至少一根电极棒。
17.本发明提供的示例17：包括上述示例16，其中，所述电极棒的直径不大于3mm。
18.本发明提供的示例18：包括上述示例16或17，其中，所述电极棒的形状呈针状、多角状、毛刺状、螺纹杆状或柱状。
19.本发明提供的示例19：包括上述示例6至18中的任一项，其中，所述电场阳极由中空的管束组成。
20.本发明提供的示例20：包括上述示例19，其中，所述电场阳极管束的中空的截面采用圆形或多边形。
21.本发明提供的示例21：包括上述示例20，其中，所述多边形为六边形。
22.本发明提供的示例22：包括上述示例19至21中的任一项，其中，所述电场阳极的管束呈蜂窝状。
23.本发明提供的示例23：包括上述示例6至22中的任一项，其中，所述电场阴极穿射于所述电场阳极内。
24.本发明提供的示例24：包括上述示例6至23中的任一项，其中，所述电场阳极长度为10-90mm，所述电场阴极长度为10-90mm。
25.本发明提供的示例25：包括上述示例24，其中，当电场温度为200℃时，对应的集尘效率为99.9％。
26.本发明提供的示例26：包括上述示例24或25，其中，当电场温度为400℃时，对应的集尘效率为90％。
27.本发明提供的示例27：包括上述示例24至26中的任一项，其中，当电场温度为500℃时，对应的集尘效率为50％。
28.本发明提供的示例28：包括上述示例1至27中的任一项，其中，所述尾气电场装置还包括辅助电场单元，用于产生与所述尾气电离除尘电场不平行的辅助电场。
29.本发明提供的示例29：包括上述示例1至27中的任一项，其中，所述尾气电场装置还包括辅助电场单元，所述尾气电离除尘电场包括流道，所述辅助电场单元用于产生与所述流道不垂直的辅助电场。
30.本发明提供的示例30：包括上述示例28或29，其中，所述辅助电场单元包括第一电极，所述辅助电场单元的第一电极设置在或靠近所述尾气电离除尘电场的进口。
31.本发明提供的示例31：包括上述示例30，其中，所述第一电极为阴极。
32.本发明提供的示例32：包括上述示例30或31，其中，所述辅助电场单元的第一电极是所述电场阴极的延伸。
33.本发明提供的示例33：包括上述示例32，其中，所述辅助电场单元的第一电极与所述电场阳极具有夹角α，且0°＜α≤125°、或45°≤α≤125°、或60°≤α≤100°、或α＝90°。
34.本发明提供的示例34：包括上述示例28至33中的任一项，其中，所述辅助电场单元包括第二电极，所述辅助电场单元的第二电极设置在或靠近所述尾气电离除尘电场的出口。
35.本发明提供的示例35：包括上述示例34，其中，所述第二电极为阳极。
36.本发明提供的示例36：包括上述示例34或35，其中，所述辅助电场单元的第二电极是所述电场阳极的延伸。
37.本发明提供的示例37：包括上述示例36，其中，所述辅助电场单元的第二电极与所述电场阴极具有夹角α，且0°＜α≤125°、或45°≤α≤125°、或60°≤α≤100°、或α＝90°。
38.本发明提供的示例38：包括上述示例28至31、34和35中的任一项，其中，所述辅助电场的电极与所述尾气电离除尘电场的电极独立设置。
39.本发明提供的示例39：包括上述示例6至38中的任一项，其中，所述电场阳极的积尘面积与所述电场阴极的放电面积的比为1.667：1-1680：1。
40.本发明提供的示例40：包括上述示例6至38中的任一项，其中，所述电场阳极的积尘面积与所述电场阴极的放电面积的比为6.67：1-56.67：1。
41.本发明提供的示例41：包括上述示例6至40中的任一项，其中，所述电场阴极直径为1-3毫米，所述电场阳极与所述电场阴极的极间距为2.5-139.9毫米；所述电场阳极的积尘面积与所述电场阴极的放电面积的比为1.667：1-1680：1
42.本发明提供的示例42：包括上述示例6至40中的任一项，其中，所述电场阳极和所述电场阴极的极间距小于150mm。
43.本发明提供的示例43：包括上述示例6至40中的任一项，其中，所述电场阳极与所述电场阴极的极间距为2.5-139.9mm。
44.本发明提供的示例44：包括上述示例6至40中的任一项，其中，所述电场阳极与所述电场阴极的极间距为5-100mm。
45.本发明提供的示例45：包括上述示例6至44中的任一项，其中，所述电场阳极长度为10-180mm。
46.本发明提供的示例46：包括上述示例6至44中的任一项，其中，所述电场阳极长度为60-180mm。
47.本发明提供的示例47：包括上述示例6至46中的任一项，其中，所述电场阴极长度为30-180mm。
48.本发明提供的示例48：包括上述示例6至46中的任一项，其中，所述电场阴极长度为54-176mm。
49.本发明提供的示例49：包括上述示例39至48中的任一项，其中，当运行时，所述尾气电离除尘电场的耦合次数≤3。
50.本发明提供的示例50：包括上述示例28至48中的任一项，其中，当运行时，所述尾气电离除尘电场的耦合次数≤3。
51.本发明提供的示例51：包括上述示例6至50中的任一项，其中，所述尾气电离除尘电场电压的取值范围为1kv-50kv。
52.本发明提供的示例52：包括上述示例6至51中的任一项，其中，所述尾气电场装置还包括若干连接壳体，串联电场级通过所述连接壳体连接。
53.本发明提供的示例53：包括上述示例52，其中，相邻的电场级的距离大于所述极间距的1.4倍。
54.本发明提供的示例54：包括上述示例1至53中的任一项，其中，还包括除水装置，用于在所述电场装置入口之前去除液体水。
55.本发明提供的示例55：包括上述示例54，其中，当尾气温度或发动机温度低于一定温度时，所述除水装置脱除尾气中的液体水。
56.本发明提供的示例56：包括上述示例55，其中，所述一定温度在90℃以上、100℃以下。
57.本发明提供的示例57：包括上述示例55，其中，所述一定温度在80℃以上、90℃以下。
58.本发明提供的示例58：包括上述示例55，其中，所述一定温度为80℃以下。
59.本发明提供的示例59：包括上述示例1至58中的任一项，其中，还包括尾气降温装置，用于在所述电场装置入口之前降低尾气温度。
60.本发明提供的示例60：包括上述示例59，其中，所述尾气降温装置包括换热单元，用于与发动机的尾气进行热交换，以将换热单元中液态的换热介质加热成气态的换热介质。
61.本发明提供的示例61：包括上述示例60，其中，所述换热单元包括：
尾气通过腔，与发动机的排气管路相连通，所述尾气通过腔用于供发动机的尾气通过；
介质气化腔，所述介质气化腔用于将液态换热介质与尾气发生热交换后转化成气态。
62.本发明提供的示例62：包括上述示例60至61中的任一项，其中，所述尾气降温装置还包括保温管路，所述保温管路连接于发动机的尾气管路和换热单元之间。
63.本发明提供的示例63：包括上述示例59至62中的任一项，其中，所述尾气降温装置包括风机，所述风机将空气通入所述电场装置入口之前，对尾气起到降温的作用。
64.本发明提供的示例64：包括上述示例63，其中，通入的空气是尾气的50％至300％。
65.本发明提供的示例65：包括上述示例63，其中，通入的空气是尾气的100％至180％。
66.本发明提供的示例66：包括上述示例63，其中，通入的空气是尾气的120％至150％。
67.本发明提供的示例67：包括上述示例1至66中的任一项，其中，还包括发动机。
68.本发明提供的示例68：包括上述示例1至67中的任一项，其中，所述发动机尾气中VOCs处理系统还包括吸附装置，所述吸附装置设置于所述紫外线装置与所述电场装置之间。
69.本发明提供的示例69：包括上述示例68，其中，所述吸附装置内设有吸附材料。
70.本发明提供的示例70：包括上述示例69，其中，所述吸附材料包括活性炭、分子筛中的至少一种。
71.本发明提供的示例71：一种发动机尾气中VOCs处理方法，包括如下步骤：
将发动机尾气进行UV处理，得到UV处理后的产物；
将UV处理发动机尾气后的产物进行电场除尘处理，去除UV处理后的产物中的颗粒物。
72.本发明提供的示例72：包括示例71，其中，所述发动机尾气中VOCs处理方法中在电场除尘处理前还包括将UV处理后的产物进行吸附处理。
73.本发明提供的示例73：包括示例72，其中，所述吸附处理的吸附剂为活性炭和/或分子筛。
74.本发明提供的示例74：包括示例71-73任一项，其中，UV处理时采用至少一个紫外灯。
75.本发明提供的示例75：包括上述示例71-74任一项，其中，所述紫外灯提供的紫外光为单波峰紫外光或双波峰紫外光。
76.本发明提供的示例76：包括上述示例71-75任一项，其中，所述紫外灯提供的单波峰紫外光的主波峰为253.7nm或185nm。
77.本发明提供的示例77：包括上述示例71-76，其中，所述紫外灯提供的双波峰紫外光的主波峰分别为253.7nm和185nm。
78.本发明提供的示例78：包括示例71-77任一项，所述电场除尘处理方法还包括：一种减少发动机尾气除尘电场耦合的方法，包括以下步骤：
选择电场阳极参数或/和电场阴极参数以减少电场耦合次数。
79.本发明提供的示例79：包括示例78，其中，包括选择所述电场阳极的集尘面积与电场阴极的放电面积的比。
80.本发明提供的示例80：包括示例79，其中，包括选择所述电场阳极的积尘面积与所述电场阴极的放电面积的比为1.667：1-1680：1。
81.本发明提供的示例81：包括示例79，其中，包括选择所述电场阳极的积尘面积与所述电场阴极的放电面积的比为6.67：1-56.67：1。
82.本发明提供的示例82：包括示例78至81任一项，其中，包括选择所述电场阴极直径为1-3毫米，所述电场阳极与所述电场阴极的极间距为2.5-139.9毫米；所述电场阳极的积尘面积与所述电场阴极的放电面积的比为1.667：1-1680：1。
83.本发明提供的示例83：包括示例78至82任一项，其中，包括选择所述电场阳极和所述电场阴极的极间距小于150mm。
84.本发明提供的示例84：包括示例78至82任一项，其中，包括选择所述电场阳极与所述电场阴极的极间距为2.5-139.9mm。
85.本发明提供的示例85：包括示例78至82任一项，其中，包括选择所述电场阳极与所述电场阴极的极间距为5-100mm。
86.本发明提供的示例86：包括示例78至85任一项，其中，包括选择所述电场阳极长度为10-180mm。
87.本发明提供的示例87：包括示例78至85任一项，其中，包括选择所述电场阳极长度为60-180mm。
88.本发明提供的示例88：包括示例78至87任一项，其中，包括选择所述电场阴极长度为30-180mm。
89.本发明提供的示例89：包括示例78至87任一项，其中，包括选择所述电场阴极长度为54-176mm。
90.本发明提供的示例90：包括示例78至89任一项的，其中，包括选择所述电场阴极包括至少一根电极棒。
91.本发明提供的示例91：包括示例90，其中，包括选择所述电极棒的直径不大于3mm。
92.本发明提供的示例92：包括示例90或91，其中，包括选择所述电极棒的形状呈针状、多角状、毛刺状、螺纹杆状或柱状。
93.本发明提供的示例93：包括示例78至92任一项，其中，包括选择所述电场阳极由中空的管束组成。
94.本发明提供的示例94：包括示例93，其中，包括选择所述阳极管束的中空的截面 采用圆形或多边形。
95.本发明提供的示例95：包括示例94，其中，包括选择所述多边形为六边形。
96.本发明提供的示例96：包括示例93至95任一项，其中，包括选择所述电场阳极的管束呈蜂窝状。
97.本发明提供的示例97：包括示例78至96任一项，其中，包括选择所述电场阴极穿射于所述电场阳极内。
98.本发明提供的示例98：包括示例78至97任一项，其中，包括选择的所述电场阳极或/和电场阴极尺寸使电场耦合次数≤3。
99.本发明提供的示例99：包括示例71-98任一项，所述电场除尘处理方法还包括：一种发动机尾气除尘方法，包括以下步骤：尾气温度低于100℃时，脱除尾气中的液体水，然后电离除尘。
100.本发明提供的示例100：包括示例99，其中，尾气温度≥100℃时，对尾气进行电离除尘。
101.本发明提供的示例101：包括示例99或100，其中，尾气温度≤90℃时，脱除尾气中的液体水，然后电离除尘。
102.本发明提供的示例102：包括示例99或100，其中，尾气温度≤80℃时，脱除尾气中的液体水，然后电离除尘。
103.本发明提供的示例103：包括示例99或100，其中，尾气温度≤70℃时，脱除尾气中的液体水，然后电离除尘。
104.本发明提供的示例104：包括示例99或100，其中，采用电凝除雾方法脱除尾气中的液体水，然后电离除尘。
105.本发明提供的示例105：包括示例71至104任一项，其中，所述UV处理尾气后的产物中含有纳米颗粒物，所述去除UV处理尾气后的产物中的颗粒物包括去除UV处理尾气后的产物中的纳米颗粒物。
106.本发明提供的示例106：包括示例71至105任一项，其中，所述UV处理尾气后的产物中含有小于50nm的颗粒物，所述去除UV处理尾气后的产物中的颗粒物包括去除UV处理尾气后的产物中的小于50nm的颗粒物。
107.本发明提供的示例107：包括示例71至106任一项，其中，所述UV处理尾气后的产物中含有15-35纳米的颗粒物，所述去除UV处理尾气后的产物中的颗粒物包括去除UV处理尾气后的产物中的15-35纳米的颗粒物。
108.本发明提供的示例108：包括示例71至107任一项，其中，所述UV处理尾气后的产物中含有23nm的颗粒物，所述去除UV处理尾气后的产物中的颗粒物包括去除UV 处理尾气后的产物中的23nm的颗粒物。
109.本发明提供的示例109：包括示例71至108任一项，其中，所述去除UV处理尾气后的产物中的23nm的颗粒物的脱除率≥93％。
110.本发明提供的示例110：包括示例71至109任一项，其中，所述去除UV处理尾气后的产物中的23nm的颗粒物的脱除率≥95％。
111.本发明提供的示例111：包括示例71至110任一项，其中，所述去除UV处理尾气后的产物中的23nm的颗粒物的脱除率≥99.99％。
本发明中，所述UV处理尾气后的产物中含有纳米颗粒物中“纳米颗粒物”指粒径在1μm以下的颗粒物。
附图说明
图1显示为本发明发动机尾气除尘系统中尾气处理装置于一实施例中的立体结构示意图。
图2显示为本发明发动机尾气除尘系统中尾气处理装置呈伞状的尾气绝缘机构于一实施例中的结构示意图。
图3显示为本发明实施例2发动机尾气除尘系统的示意图。
图4为本发明实施例3-8、实施例10-13和实施例15-18中电场发生单元结构示意图。
图5为本发明实施例3、实施例6和实施例13中图4电场发生单元的A-A视图。
图6为本发明实施例3和实施例6中标注长度和角度的图4电场发生单元的A-A视图。
图7为本发明实施例3、实施例6和实施例13中两个电场级的电场装置结构示意图。
图8为本发明实施例19中电场装置的结构示意图。
图9为本发明实施例21中电场装置的结构示意图。
图10为本发明实施例22中电场装置的结构示意图。
图11为本发明实施例24中尾气降温装置的结构示意图。
图12为本发明实施例25的试验装置流程示意图。
图13为本发明实施例25电场装置的装置出口处VOCs浓度及VOCs脱除率随时间的变化曲线。
图14为本发明实施例25电场装置的装置出口处CO 2浓度随处理时间的变化曲线。
图15为本发明实施例25电场装置的装置出口处PM2.5随处理时间的变化曲线。
图16为本发明实施例31的试验装置流程示意图。
图17为本发明实施例31净化低VOCs浓度时紫外线装置进气口、出气口、吸附装置 出气口处VOCs浓度随时间的变化曲线。
图18为本发明实施例31净化低VOCs浓度时紫外线装置进气口、出气口、吸附装置出气口处CO 2浓度随时间的变化曲线。
图19为本发明实施例31净化高VOCs浓度时紫外线装置进气口、出气口、吸附装置出气口处VOCs浓度随时间的变化曲线。
图20为本发明实施例31净化高VOCs浓度时紫外线装置进气口、出气口、吸附装置出气口处CO 2浓度随时间的变化曲线。
具体实施方式
以下由特定的具体实施例说明本发明的实施方式，熟悉此技术的人士可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本发明的其他优点及功效。
须知，本说明书所附图式所绘示的结构、比例、大小等，均仅用以配合说明书所揭示的内容，以供熟悉此技术的人士了解与阅读，并非用以限定本发明可实施的限定条件，故不具技术上的实质意义，任何结构的修饰、比例关系的改变或大小的调整，在不影响本发明所能产生的功效及所能达成的目的下，均应仍落在本发明所揭示的技术内容得能涵盖的范围内。同时，本说明书中所引用的如“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“中间”及“一”等的用语，亦仅为便于叙述的明了，而非用以限定本发明可实施的范围，其相对关系的改变或调整，在无实质变更技术内容下，当亦视为本发明可实施的范畴。
本发明发动机尾气除尘系统与发动机的出口相连通。发动机排放的尾气将流经发动机尾气除尘系统。
于本发明某些实施例中，提供一种发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理系统，包括：进口、出口、及位于进口和出口之间的流道；还包括紫外线装置、尾气电场装置，所述紫外线装置、尾气电场装置从所述进口至所述出口方向依次沿所述流道设置。所述发动机尾气中VOCs处理系统工作时，气体从进口进入流道，在流道内气体先进入紫外线装置，经紫外线处理后的气体再进入电场装置，脱除紫外线处理后的气体中的颗粒物，然后从出口排出。
于本发明的一实施例中，所述UV处理+电场除尘结合净化VOCs气体所取得的技术效果如下：
本发明研究发现，含有VOCs的发动机尾气经UV照射处理后的产物不仅仅是CO 2和H 2O，还存在大分子量的纳米级固体颗粒物，例如，本发明通过大量实验数据证实：UV处理尾气后的产物中PM2.5含量比UV照射前增多，UV处理产物中纳米级颗粒物大幅度增加，其中，粒径为23nm固体颗粒物的PN值增幅超过1倍，若将UV照射处理后产物直接排放，会造成二次污染。所以，UV处理含有VOCs的气体技术工艺中需要考虑脱除颗 粒物。但是现有技术没有发现脱除UV照射处理后的产物中纳米颗粒的相关研究，也没有公开如何有效脱除气体中纳米级颗粒的技术。本发明利用电场除尘有效脱除UV照射处理后产物中纳米颗粒，23nm颗粒物的脱除效率达到99.99％以上，避免二次污染。
于本发明某些实施例中，所述紫外线装置包括至少一个紫外灯。
于本发明某些实施例中，所述紫外灯提供的UV光为单波峰紫外光或双波峰紫外光。
于本发明某些实施例中，所述紫外灯提供的单波峰紫外光的主波峰为253.7nm或185nm。
于本发明某些实施例中，所述紫外灯提供的双波峰紫外光的主波峰分别为253.7nm和185nm。
于本发明某些实施例中，所述发动机尾气中VOCs处理系统还包括吸附装置，所述吸附装置设置于发动机尾气中VOCs处理系统的流道内。
于本发明某些实施例中，所述吸附装置位于所述紫外线装置与电场装置之间。
于本发明某些实施例中，所述吸附装置包括进气口、出气口，所述吸附装置的进气口与所述紫外线装置的出气口连通，所述吸附装置的出气口与所述电场装置的电场装置入口连通。
于本发明某些实施例中，所述吸附装置内设有吸附材料，所述吸附材料包括但不限于活性炭、分子筛，还包括其他可吸附VOCs、VOCs在光解过程、臭氧氧化过程、UV光激发氧化等过程中产生的产物及中间产物中至少一种物质的任何吸附材料，例如可吸附VOCs光解产物O 3的材料。
于本发明某些实施例中，所述吸附材料包括亲水工程活性炭、疏水工程分子筛中的至少一种。
于本发明的一实施例中，所述吸附净化技术起到如下作用：
第一：在紫外线处理阶段UV光不能将发动机尾气中VOCs完全处理为CO 2和H 2O，会产生中间产物，也不能降解所有的VOCs成分，在吸附装置中H 2O、UV光照的产物例如O 3、OH -、中间产物及未来得及降解的VOCs组分被吸附和集聚，被吸附在吸附材料孔道中的UV中间产物及未来得及降解的VOCs组分在O 3、OH -等强氧化剂作用下进一步分解成CO 2和H 2O，从吸附材料孔道内脱附，对UV光照处理VOCs起到辅助作用，同时实现在线脱附，避免吸附剂失效，确保吸附剂可重复使用，提高了VOCs处理效率。
第二：经济方面，实际应用操作中，VOCs释放量不是恒定的，当VOCs浓度很高时，UV光照不能完全降解VOCs，剩余的VOCs(在紫外线净化阶段内未被UV降解的VOCs)被吸附于吸附材料中存储起来，并被聚集浓缩，在UV光照产物O 3、OH -等强氧化剂作用下进一步再次被氧化分解；当VOCs浓度很低时，紫外线装置产生的强氧化离子羟基自由 基(*OH)进入吸附装置对存储在吸附材料中的VOCs进一步催化成CO 2和H 2O。这就提高了VOCs气体处理效率，节约了能耗，也可实现VOCs气体处理设备小型化。
第三：吸附材料可吸附光解产生的臭氧，吸附的臭氧使聚集在吸附材料中的VOCs被氧化，使得O 3得到充分利用，同时避免了臭氧造成的二次污染。
于本发明的一实施例中，所述紫外线净化与吸附净化的结合提高了UV净化VOCs气体的效率，节约了能耗，使得发动机尾气中VOCs处理系统小型化。
于本发明某些实施例中，提供一种发动机尾气中VOCs处理方法，包括如下步骤：
将发动机尾气进行UV处理，得到UV处理后的产物；
将UV处理尾气后的产物进行电场除尘处理，去除颗粒物。
于本发明的一实施例中，所述发动机尾气中VOCs处理方法还包括在UV处理之前，对气体进行电场除尘处理。
于本发明的一实施例中，所述发动机尾气中VOCs处理方法还包括将UV处理尾气后的产物进行吸附处理，然后进行电场除尘处理。
于本发明的一实施例中，所述吸附处理的吸附剂为活性炭和/或分子筛。
于本发明的一实施例中，UV照射处理时采用至少一个紫外灯。
于本发明的一实施例中，所述紫外灯提供的UV光为单波峰紫外光或双波峰紫外光。
于本发明的一实施例中，所述紫外灯提供的单波峰紫外光的主波峰为253.7nm或185nm。
于本发明的一实施例中，所述紫外灯提供的双波峰紫外光的主波峰分别为253.7nm和185nm。
于本发明的一实施例中，所述UV处理尾气后的产物中含有纳米颗粒物，所述去除UV处理尾气后的产物中的颗粒物包括去除UV处理尾气后的产物中的纳米颗粒物。
于本发明的一实施例中，所述UV处理尾气后的产物中含有小于50nm的颗粒物，所述去除UV处理尾气后的产物中的颗粒物包括去除UV处理尾气后的产物中的小于50nm的颗粒物。
于本发明的一实施例中，所述UV处理尾气后的产物中含有15-35纳米的颗粒物，所述去除UV处理尾气后的产物中的颗粒物包括去除UV处理尾气后的产物中的15-35纳米的颗粒物。
于本发明的一实施例中，所述UV处理尾气后的产物中含有23nm的颗粒物，所述去除UV处理尾气后的产物中的颗粒物包括去除UV处理尾气后的产物中的23nm的颗粒物。
于本发明的一实施例中，所述去除UV处理尾气后的产物中的23nm的颗粒物的脱除率≥93％。
于本发明的一实施例中，所述去除UV处理尾气后的产物中的23nm的颗粒物的脱除率≥95％。
于本发明的一实施例中，所述去除UV处理尾气后的产物中的23nm的颗粒物的脱除率≥99.99％。
于本发明一实施例中电场装置入口与发动机的出口相连通。
于本发明一实施例中尾气电场装置可包括电场阴极和电场阳极，电场阴极与电场阳极之间形成电离除尘电场。尾气进入电离除尘电场，尾气中的氧离子将被电离，并形成大量带有电荷的氧离子，氧离子与尾气中粉尘等颗粒物结合，使得颗粒物荷电，电场阳极给带负电荷的颗粒物施加吸附力，使得颗粒物被吸附在电场阳极上，以清除掉尾气中的颗粒物。
于本发明一实施例中电场阴极包括若干根阴极丝。阴极丝的直径可为0.1mm-20mm，该尺寸参数根据应用场合及积尘要求做调整。于本发明一实施例中阴极丝的直径不大于3mm。于本发明一实施例中阴极丝使用容易放电的金属丝或合金丝，耐温且能支撑自身重量，电化学稳定。于本发明一实施例中阴极丝的材质选用钛。阴极丝的具体形状根据电场阳极的形状调整，例如，若电场阳极的积尘面是平面，则阴极丝的截面呈圆形；若电场阳极的积尘面是圆弧面，阴极丝需要设计成多面形。阴极丝的长度根据电场阳极进行调整。
于本发明一实施例中电场阴极包括若干阴极棒。于本发明一实施例中阴极棒的直径不大于3mm。于本发明一实施例中阴极棒使用容易放电的金属棒或合金棒。阴极棒的形状可以为针状、多角状、毛刺状、螺纹杆状或柱状等。阴极棒的形状可以根据电场阳极的形状进行调整，例如，若电场阳极的积尘面是平面，则阴极棒的截面需要设计成圆形；若电场阳极的积尘面是圆弧面，则阴极棒需要设计成多面形。
于本发明一实施例中电场阴极穿设于电场阳极内。
于本发明一实施例中电场阳极包括一个或多个并行设置的中空阳极管。当中空阳极管有多个时，全部中空阳极管构成蜂窝状的电场阳极。于本发明一实施例中中空阳极管的截面可呈圆形或多边形。若中空阳极管的截面呈圆形，电场阳极和电场阴极之间能形成均匀电场，中空阳极管的内壁不容易积尘。若中空阳极管的截面为三边形时，中空阳极管的内壁上可以形成3个积尘面，3个远角容尘角，此种结构的中空阳极管的容尘率最高。若中空阳极管的截面为四边形，可以获得4个积尘面，4个容尘角，但拼组结构不稳定。若中空阳极管的截面为六边形，可以形成6个积尘面，6个容尘角，积尘面和容尘率达到平衡。若中空阳极管的截面呈更多边形时，可以获得更多的积尘边，但损失容尘率。于本发明一实施例中中空阳极管的管内切圆直径取值范围为5mm-400mm。
于本发明一实施例中电场阴极安装在阴极支撑板上，阴极支撑板与电场阳极通过尾气绝缘机构相连接。于本发明一实施例中电场阳极包括第一阳极部和第二阳极部，即所述第 一阳极部靠近除尘装置入口，第二阳极部靠近除尘装置出口。阴极支撑板和尾气绝缘机构在第一阳极部和第二阳极部之间，即尾气绝缘机构安装在电离电场中间、或电场阴极中间，可以对电场阴极起到良好的支撑作用，并对电场阴极起到相对于电场阳极的固定作用，使电场阴极和电场阳极之间保持设定的距离。而现有技术中，阴极的支撑点在阴极的端点，难以保持阴极和阳极之间的距离。于本发明一实施例中尾气绝缘机构设置在除尘流道外，以防止或减少尾气中的灰尘等聚集在尾气绝缘机构上，导致尾气绝缘机构击穿或导电。
于本发明一实施例中尾气绝缘机构采用耐高压陶瓷绝缘子，对电场阴极和电场阳极之间进行绝缘。电场阳极也称作一种外壳。
于本发明一实施例中第一阳极部在气体流动方向上位于阴极支撑板和尾气绝缘机构之前，第一阳极部能够除去尾气中的水，防止水进入尾气绝缘机构，造成尾气绝缘机构短路、打火。另外，第三阳级部能够除去尾气中相当一部分的灰尘，当尾气通过尾气绝缘机构时，相当一部分的灰尘已被消除，减少灰尘造成尾气绝缘机构短路的可能性。于本发明一实施例中尾气绝缘机构包括绝缘瓷柱。第一阳极部的设计，主要是为了保护绝缘瓷柱不被气体中颗粒物等污染，一旦气体污染绝缘瓷柱将会造成电场阳极和电场阴极导通，从而使电场阳极的积尘功能失效，故第一阳极部的设计，能有效减少绝缘瓷柱被污染，提高产品的使用时间。在尾气流经第二级流道过程中，第一阳极部和电场阴极先接触具有污染性的气体，尾气绝缘机构后接触气体，达到先除尘后经过尾气绝缘机构的目的，减少对尾气绝缘机构造成的污染，延长清洁维护周期，对应电极使用后绝缘支撑。于本发明一实施例中，所述第一阳极部的长度是足够的长，以清除部分灰尘，减少积累在所述尾气绝缘机构和所述阴极支撑板上的灰尘，减少灰尘造成的电击穿。于本发明一实施例中第一阳极部长度占电场阳极总长度的1/10至1/4、1/4至1/3、1/3至1/2、1/2至2/3、2/3至3/4，或3/4至9/10。
于本发明一实施例中第二阳极部在尾气流动方向上位于阴极支撑板和尾气绝缘机构之后。第二阳极部包括积尘段和预留积尘段。其中，积尘段利用静电吸附尾气中的颗粒物，该积尘段是为了增加积尘面积，延长尾气电场装置的使用时间。预留积尘段能为积尘段提供失效保护。预留积尘段是为了在满足设计除尘要求的前提下，进一步提高积尘面积。预留积尘段作为补充前段积尘使用。于本发明一实施例中预留积尘段和第一阳极部可使用不同的电源。
于本发明一实施例中由于电场阴极和电场阳极之间存在极高电位差，为了防止电场阴极和电场阳极导通，尾气绝缘机构设置在电场阴极和电场阳极之间的第二级流道之外。因此，尾气绝缘机构外悬于电场阳极的外侧。于本发明一实施例中尾气绝缘机构可采用非导体耐温材料，比如陶瓷、玻璃等。于本发明一实施例中，完全密闭无空气的材料绝缘要求 绝缘隔离厚度>0.3mm/kv；空气绝缘要求>1.4mm/kv。可根据电场阴极和电场阳极之间的极间距的1.4倍以上设置绝缘距离。于本发明一实施例中尾气绝缘机构使用陶瓷，表面上釉；不能使用胶粘或有机材料填充连接，耐温大于350摄氏度。
于本发明一实施例中尾气绝缘机构包括绝缘部和隔热部。为了使尾气绝缘机构具有抗污功能，绝缘部的材料采用陶瓷材料或玻璃材料。于本发明一实施例中绝缘部可为伞状串陶瓷柱或玻璃柱，伞内外挂釉。伞状串陶瓷柱或玻璃柱的外缘与电场阳极的距离大于等于电场距离的1.4倍、即大于等于极间距的1.4倍。伞状串陶瓷柱或玻璃柱的伞突边间距总和大于等于伞状串陶瓷柱的绝缘间距的1.4倍。伞状串陶瓷柱或玻璃柱的伞边内深总长大于等于伞状串陶瓷柱的绝缘距离1.4倍。绝缘部还可为柱状串陶瓷柱或玻璃柱，柱内外挂釉。于本发明一实施例中绝缘部还可呈塔状。
于本发明一实施例中，绝缘部内设置加热棒，当绝缘部周围温度接近露点时，加热棒启动并进行加热。由于使用中绝缘部的内外存在温差，绝缘部的内外、外部容易产生凝露。绝缘部的外表面可能自发或被气体加热产生高温，需要必要的隔离防护，防烫伤。隔热部包括位于第二绝缘部外部的防护围挡板、脱硝净化反应腔。于本发明一实施例中绝缘部的尾部需要凝露位置同样需要隔热，防止环境以及散热高温加热凝露组件。
于本发明一实施例中尾气电场装置的电源的引出线使用伞状串陶瓷柱或玻璃柱过墙式连接，墙内使用弹性碰头连接阴极支撑板，墙外使用密闭绝缘防护接线帽插拔连接，引出线过墙导体与墙绝缘距离大于伞状串陶瓷柱或玻璃柱的陶瓷绝缘距离。于本发明一实施例中高压部分取消引线，直接安装在端头上，确保安全，高压模块整体外绝缘使用ip68防护，使用介质换热散热。
于本发明一实施例中电场阳极和电场阴极分别与电源的两个电极电性连接。加载在电场阳极和电场阴极上的电压需选择适当的电压等级，具体选择何种电压等级取决于尾气电场装置的体积、耐温、容尘率等。例如，电压从1kv至50kv；设计时首先考虑耐温条件，极间距与温度的参数：1MM<30度，积尘面积大于0.1平方/千立方米/小时，电场长度大于单管内切圆的5倍，控制电场气流流速小于9米/秒。于本发明一实施例中电场阳极由第二中空阳极管构成、并呈蜂窝状。第二中空阳极管端口的形状可以为圆形或多边形。于本发明一实施例中第二中空阳极管的管内切圆取值范围在5-400mm，对应电压在0.1-120kv之间，第二中空阳极管对应电流在0.1-30A之间；不同的内切圆对应不同的电晕电压，约为1KV/1MM。
于本发明一实施例中尾气电场装置包括第二电场级，该第二电场级包括若干个第二电场发生单元，第二电场发生单元可以有一个或多个。第二电场发生单元也称作第二集尘单元，第二集尘单元包括上述电场阳极和电场阴极，第二集尘单元有一个或多个。第二电场 级有多个时，能有效提高尾气电场装置的集尘效率。同一第二电场级中，各电场阳极为相同极性，各电场阴极为相同极性。且第二电场级有多个时，各第二电场级之间串联。于本发明一实施例中尾气电场装置还包括若干个连接壳体，串联第二电场级通过连接壳体连接；相邻两级的第二电场级的距离大于极间距的1.4倍。
本发明的发明人研究发现，现有技术中电场除尘装置的缺点是由电场耦合引起的。本发明通过减小电场耦合次数，可以显著减小电场除尘装置的尺寸(即体积)。比如，本发明提供的电离除尘装置的尺寸约为现有电离除尘装置尺寸的五分之一。原因是，为了获得可接受的颗粒去除率，现有电离除尘装置中将气体流速设为1m/s左右，而本发明在将气体流速提高到6m/s的情况下，仍能获得较高的颗粒去除率。当处理一给定流量的气体时，随着气体速度的提高，电场除尘装置的尺寸可以减小。
另外，本发明可以显著提高颗粒去除效率。例如，在气体流速为1m/s左右时，现有技术电场除尘装置可以去除发动机排气中大约70％的颗粒物，但是本发明可以去除大约99％的颗粒物，即使在气体流速为6m/s时。因此，本发明可以满足最新的排放标准。
由于发明人发现了电场耦合的作用，并且找到了减少电场耦合次数的方法，本发明获得了上述预料不到的结果。所以，本发明可以用来制造适用于车辆的电场除尘装置。
本发明提供的减少电场耦合次数的方法如下：
于本发明一实施例中电场阴极和电场阳极之间采用非对称结构。在对称电场中极性粒子受到一个相同大小而方向相反的作用力，极性粒子在电场中往复运动；在非对称电场中，极性粒子受到两个大小不同的作用力，极性粒子向作用力大的方向移动，可以避免产生耦合。
本发明的某些实施例中，提供一种发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理系统，包括：进口、出口、及位于进口和出口之间的流道；还包括紫外线装置、尾气电场装置，所述紫外线装置、尾气电场装置从所述进口至所述出口方向依次沿所述流道设置；所述尾气电场装置包括：电场装置入口、电场装置出口、电场阴极和电场阳极，所述电场阴极和电场阳极用于产生电离除尘电场；所述电场阳极的积尘面积与所述电场阴极的放电面积的比为1.667：1-1680：1。
于本发明一实施例中，所述电场阳极的积尘面积与所述电场阴极的放电面积的比为6.67：1-56.67：1。
于本发明一实施例中，所述电场阳极的积尘面积与所述电场阴极的放电面积的比使所述电离除尘电场的耦合次数≤3。
于本发明一实施例中，所述电场阳极的积尘面积与所述电场阴极的放电面积的比、所述电场阳极与所述电场阴极之间的极间距、所述电场阳极长度以及所述电场阴极长度使所述电离除尘电场的耦合次数≤3。
于本发明一实施例中，提供一种发动机尾气中发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理方法，包括如下步骤：
将发动机尾气进行UV处理，得到UV处理后的产物；
将UV处理后的产物进行电场除尘处理，去除UV处理后的产物中的颗粒物；
所述电场除尘处理还包括一种减少除尘电场耦合的方法，所述减少除尘电场耦合的方法包括以下步骤：包括选择所述电场阳极的集尘面积与电场阴极的放电面积的比，使电场耦合次数≤3。
于本发明一实施例中，包括选择所述电场阳极的积尘面积与所述电场阴极的放电面积的比为1.667：1-1680：1。于本发明一实施例中，包括选择所述电场阳极的积尘面积与所述电场阴极的放电面积的比为6.67：1-56.67：1。于本发明一实施例中，包括选择所述电场阴极直径为1-3毫米，所述电场阳极与所述电场阴极的极间距为2.5-139.9毫米；所述电场阳极的积尘面积与所述电场阴极的放电面积的比为1.667：1-1680：1。
本发明的某些实施例中，提供一种发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理系统，包括：进口、出口、及位于进口和出口之间的流道；还包括紫外线装置、尾气电场装置，所述紫外线装置、尾气电场装置从所述进口至所述出口方向依次沿所述流道设置；所述尾气电场装置包括：电场装置入口、电场装置出口、电场阴极和电场阳极，所述电场阴极和电场阳极用于产生电离除尘电场；所述电场阳极长度为10-180mm。
于本发明一实施例中，所述电场阳极长度为60-180mm。
于本发明一实施例中，所述电场阳极长度使所述电离除尘电场的耦合次数≤3。
本发明的某些实施例中，提供一种发动机尾气中发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理方法，包括如下步骤：
将发动机尾气进行UV处理，得到UV处理后的产物；
将UV处理后的产物进行电场除尘处理，去除UV处理后的产物中的颗粒物；
所述电场除尘处理还包括一种减少除尘电场耦合的方法，所述减少除尘电场耦合的方法包括以下步骤：包括选择电场阳极长度，使电场耦合次数≤3。
于本发明一实施例中，包括选择所述电场阳极长度为10-180mm。
于本发明一实施例中，包括选择所述电场阳极长度为60-180mm。
本发明的某些实施例中，提供一种发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理系统，包括：进口、出口、及位于进口和出口之间的流道；还包括紫外线装置、尾气电场装置，所述紫外线装置、 尾气电场装置从所述进口至所述出口方向依次沿所述流道设置；所述尾气电场装置包括：电场装置入口、电场装置出口、电场阴极和电场阳极，所述电场阴极和电场阳极用于产生电离除尘电场；所述电场阴极长度为30-180mm。
于本发明一实施例中，所述电场阴极长度为54-176mm。
于本发明一实施例中，所述电场阳极长度使所述电离除尘电场的耦合次数≤3。
本发明的某些实施例中，提供一种发动机尾气中发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理方法，包括如下步骤：
将发动机尾气进行UV处理，得到UV处理后的产物；
将UV处理后的产物进行电场除尘处理，去除UV处理后的产物中的颗粒物；
所述电场除尘处理还包括一种减少除尘电场耦合的方法，所述减少除尘电场耦合的方法包括以下步骤：
包括选择电场阴极长度，使电场耦合次数≤3。
于本发明一实施例中，包括选择所述电场阴极长度为30-180mm。
于本发明一实施例中，包括选择所述电场阴极长度为54-176mm。
本发明的某些实施例中，提供一种发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理系统，包括：进口、出口、及位于进口和出口之间的流道；还包括紫外线装置、尾气电场装置，所述紫外线装置、尾气电场装置从所述进口至所述出口方向依次沿所述流道设置；所述尾气电场装置包括：电场装置入口、电场装置出口、电场阴极和电场阳极，所述电场阴极和电场阳极用于产生电离除尘电场；所述电场阳极和所述电场阴极的极间距小于150mm。
于本发明一实施例中，所述电场阳极和所述电场阴极的极间距为2.5-139.9mm。
于本发明一实施例中，所述电场阳极和所述电场阴极的极间距为5-100mm。
于本发明一实施例中，所述电场阳极和所述电场阴极的极间距使所述电离除尘电场的耦合次数≤3。
本发明的某些实施例中，提供一种发动机尾气中发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理方法，包括如下步骤：
将发动机尾气进行UV处理，得到UV处理后的产物；
将UV处理后的产物进行电场除尘处理，去除UV处理后的产物中的颗粒物；
所述电场除尘处理还包括一种减少除尘电场耦合的方法，所述减少除尘电场耦合的方法包括以下步骤：
包括选择所述电场阳极与所述电场阴极之间的极间距，使电场耦合次数≤3。
于本发明一实施例中，包括选择所述电场阳极和所述电场阴极的极间距为2.5-139.9mm。
于本发明一实施例中，包括选择所述电场阳极和所述电场阴极的极间距为5-100mm。
本发明的尾气电场装置的电场阴极和电场阳极之间形成电离除尘电场。为了减少所述电离除尘电场的电场耦合，于本发明一实施例中，减少电场耦合的方法包括如下步骤：选择电场阳极的集尘面积与电场阴极的放电面积的比，使电场耦合次数≤3。于本发明一实施例中电场阳极的集尘面积与电场阴极的放电面积的比可以为：1.667：1-1680：1；3.334：1-113.34：1；6.67：1-56.67：1；13.34：1-28.33：1。该实施例选择相对大面积的电场阳极的集尘面积和相对极小的电场阴极的放电面积，具体选择上述面积比，可以减少电场阴极的放电面积，减小吸力，扩大电场阳极的集尘面积，扩大吸力，即电场阴极和电场阳极间产生不对称的电极吸力，使荷电后粉尘落入电场阳极的集尘表面，虽极性改变但无法再被电场阴极吸走，减少电场耦合，实现电场耦合次数≤3。即在电场极间距小于150mm时电场耦合次数≤3，电场能耗低，能够减少电场对气溶胶、水雾、油雾、松散光滑颗粒物的耦合消耗，节省电场电能30～50％。集尘面积是指电场阳极工作面的面积，比如，若电场阳极呈中空的正六边形管状，集尘面积即为中空的正六边形管状的内表面积，集尘面积也称作积尘面积。放电面积指电场阴极工作面的面积，比如，若电场阴极呈棒状，放电面积即为棒状的外表面积。
于本发明一实施例中电场阳极的长度可以为10～180mm、10～20mm、20～30mm、60～180mm、30～40mm、40～50mm、50～60mm、60～70mm、70～80mm、80～90mm、90～100mm、100～110mm、110～120mm、120～130mm、130～140mm、140～150mm、150～160mm、160～170mm、170～180mm、60mm、180mm、10mm或30mm。电场阳极的长度是指电场阳极工作面的一端至另一端的最小长度。电场阳极选择此种长度，可以有效减少电场耦合。
于本发明一实施例中电场阳极的长度可以为10～90mm、15～20mm、20～25mm、25～30mm、30～35mm、35～40mm、40～45mm、45～50mm、50～55mm、55～60mm、60～65mm、65～70mm、70～75mm、75～80mm、80～85mm或85～90mm，此种长度的设计可以使电场阳极及尾气电场装置具有耐高温特性，并使得尾气电场装置在高温冲击下具有高效率的集尘能力。
于本发明一实施例中电场阴极的长度可以为30～180mm、54～176mm、30～40mm、40～50mm、50～54mm、54～60mm、60～70mm、70～80mm、80～90mm、90～100mm、100～110mm、110～120mm、120～130mm、130～140mm、140～150mm、150～160mm、160～170mm、170～176mm、170～180mm、54mm、180mm、或30mm。电场阴极的长度是指电场阴极工作面的一端至另一端的最小长度。电场阴极选择此种长度，可以有效减少电场耦合。
于本发明一实施例中电场阴极的长度可以为10～90mm、15～20mm、20～25mm、25～30mm、30～35mm、35～40mm、40～45mm、45～50mm、50～55mm、55～60mm、60～65mm、 65～70mm、70～75mm、75～80mm、80～85mm或85～90mm，此种长度的设计可以使电场阴极及尾气电场装置具有耐高温特性，并使得尾气电场装置在高温冲击下具有高效率的集尘能力。其中，当电场温度为200℃时，对应的集尘效率为99.9％；电场温度为400℃时，对应的集尘效率为90％；当电场温度为500℃时，对应的集尘效率为50％。
于本发明一实施例中电场阳极和电场阴极之间的距离可以为5～30mm、2.5～139.9mm、9.9～139.9mm、2.5～9.9mm、9.9～20mm、20～30mm、30～40mm、40～50mm、50～60mm、60～70mm、70～80mm、80～90mm、90～100mm、100～110mm、110～120mm、120～130mm、130～139.9mm、9.9mm、139.9mm、或2.5mm。电场阳极和电场阴极之间的距离也称作极间距。极间距具体是指电场阳极、电场阴极工作面之间的最小垂直距离。此种极间距的选择可以有效减少电场耦合，并使尾气电场装置具有耐高温特性。
于本发明一实施例中，所述电场阴极直径为1-3毫米，所述电场阳极与所述电场阴极的极间距为2.5-139.9毫米；所述电场阳极的积尘面积与所述电场阴极的放电面积的比为1.667：1-1680：1。
对于尾气系统，于一实施例中，本发明提供的电场除尘处理方法还包括：一种减少尾气除尘电场耦合的方法，包括以下步骤：
使尾气通过电场阳极和电场阴极产生的尾气电离除尘电场；
选择所述电场阳极或/和电场阴极。
于本发明一实施例中，选择的所述电场阳极或/和电场阴极尺寸使电场耦合次数≤3。
具体地，选择所述电场阳极的集尘面积与电场阴极的放电面积的比。优选地，选择所述电场阳极的积尘面积与所述电场阴极的放电面积的比为1.667：1-1680：1。
更为优选地，选择所述电场阳极的积尘面积与尾气所述除尘电场阴极的放电面积的比为6.67：1-56.67：1。
于本发明一实施例中，所述电场阴极直径为1-3毫米，所述电场阳极与所述电场阴极的极间距为2.5-139.9毫米；所述电场阳极的积尘面积与所述电场阴极的放电面积的比为1.667：1-1680：1。
优选地，选择所述电场阳极和所述电场阴极的极间距小于150mm。
优选地，选择所述电场阳极与所述电场阴极的极间距为2.5～139.9mm。更为优选地，选择所述电场阳极与所述电场阴极的极间距为5.0～100mm。
优选地，选择所述电场阳极长度为10～180mm。更为优选地，选择所述电场阳极长度为60～180mm。
优选地，选择所述电场阴极长度为30～180mm。更为优选地，选择所述电场阴极长度为54～176mm。
于本发明某些实施例中，提供一种发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理系统，包括：进口、出口、及位于进口和出口之间的流道；还包括紫外线装置、尾气电场装置，所述紫外线装置、尾气电场装置从所述进口至所述出口方向依次沿所述流道设置；所述尾气电场装置包括：电场装置入口、电场装置出口、电场阴极和电场阳极，所述电场阴极和电场阳极用于产生电离除尘电场；所述电场装置还包括辅助电场单元，用于产生与所述电离除尘电场不平行的辅助电场。
于本发明某些实施例中，提供一种发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理系统，包括：进口、出口、及位于进口和出口之间的流道；还包括紫外线装置、尾气电场装置，所述紫外线装置、尾气电场装置从所述进口至所述出口方向依次沿所述流道设置；所述尾气电场装置包括：电场装置入口、电场装置出口、电场阴极和电场阳极，所述电场阴极和电场阳极用于产生电离除尘电场；所述电场装置还包括辅助电场单元，所述电离除尘电场包括流道，所述辅助电场单元用于产生与所述流道不垂直的辅助电场。
于本发明一实施例中，所述辅助电场单元包括第一电极，所述辅助电场单元的第一电极设置在或靠近所述电离除尘电场的进口。
于本发明一实施例中，所述第一电极为阴极。
于本发明一实施例中，所述辅助电场单元的第一电极是所述电场阴极的延伸。
于本发明一实施例中，所述辅助电场单元的第一电极与所述电场阳极具有夹角α，且0°＜α≤125°、或45°≤α≤125°、或60°≤α≤100°、或α＝90°。
于本发明一实施例中，所述辅助电场单元包括第二电极，所述辅助电场单元的第二电极设置在或靠近所述电离除尘电场的出口。
于本发明一实施例中，所述第二电极为阳极。
于本发明一实施例中，所述辅助电场单元的第二电极是所述电场阳极的延伸。
于本发明一实施例中，所述辅助电场单元的第二电极与所述电场阴极具有夹角α，且0°＜α≤125°、或45°≤α≤125°、或60°≤α≤100°、或α＝90°。
于本发明一实施例中，所述辅助电场的电极与所述电离除尘电场的电极独立设置。
于本发明某些实施例中，本发明提供的电场除尘处理方法还包括一种提供辅助电场的方法，包括以下步骤：
使气体通过一个流道；
在流道中产生辅助电场，所述辅助电场不与所述流道垂直。
其中，所述辅助电场电离所述气体。
于本发明一实施例中，所述辅助电场由所述辅助电场单元产生，所述辅助电场单元的结构同所述电场装置中辅助电场单元的结构相同。
本发明中尾气电场装置中电场阳极和电场阴极之间的电离除尘电场也称作第三电场。于本发明一实施例中电场阳极和电场阴极之间还形成有与第三电场不平行的第四电场。于本发明另一实施例中，所述第四电场与所述电离除尘电场的流道不垂直。第四电场也称作辅助电场，可以通过一个或两个辅助电极形成。当第四电场由一个辅助电极形成时，该辅助电极可以放在电离电场的进口或出口，该辅助电极可以带负电势、或正电势。其中，当所述辅助电极为阴极时，设置在或靠近所述电离除尘电场的进口；所述辅助电极与所述电场阳极具有夹角α，且0°＜α≤125°、或45°≤α≤125°、或60°≤α≤100°、或α＝90°。当所述辅助电极为阳极时，设置在或靠近所述电离除尘电场的出口；所述辅助电极与所述电场阴极具有夹角α，且0°＜α≤125°、或45°≤α≤125°、或60°≤α≤100°、或α＝90°。当第四电场由两个辅助电极形成时，其中一个辅助电极可以带负电势，另一个辅助电极可以带正电势；一个辅助电极可以放在电离除尘电场的进口，另一个辅助电极放在电离除尘电场的出口。另外，辅助电极可以是电场阴极或电场阳极的一部分，即辅助电极可以是由电场阴极或电场阳极的延伸段构成，此时电场阴极和电场阳极的长度不一样。辅助电极也可以是一个单独的电极，也就是说辅助电极可以不是电场阴极或电场阳极的一部分，此时，第四电场的电压和第三电场的电压不一样，可以根据工作状况单独地控制。
于本发明一实施例中，所述发动机尾气除尘系统还包括除水装置，用于在电场装置入口之前去除液体水。
于本发明一实施例中，当尾气温度或发动机温度低于一定温度时，发动机尾气中可能含有液体水，所述除水装置脱除尾气中的液体水。
于本发明一实施例中，所述一定温度在90℃以上、100℃以下。
于本发明一实施例中，所述一定温度在80℃以上、90℃以下。
于本发明一实施例中，所述一定温度为80℃以下。
于本发明一实施例中，本发明提供的电场除尘处理方法还包括：一种尾气除尘方法，包括以下步骤：尾气温度低于100℃时，脱除尾气中的液体水，然后电离除尘。
于本发明一实施例中，尾气温度≥100℃时，对尾气进行电离除尘。
于本发明一实施例中，尾气温度≤90℃时，脱除尾气中的液体水，然后电离除尘。
于本发明一实施例中，尾气温度≤80℃时，脱除尾气中的液体水，然后电离除尘。
于本发明一实施例中，尾气温度≤70℃时，脱除尾气中的液体水，然后电离除尘。
于本发明一实施例中，采用电凝除雾方法脱除尾气中的液体水，然后电离除尘。
本领域技术人员没有认识到如下技术问题：在尾气或发动机温度低时，尾气中会有液体水，吸附在电场阴极和电场阳极上，造成尾气电离除尘电场放电不均匀、打火，而本申请的发明人发现此问题，并提出发动机尾气除尘系统设置除水装置，用于在电场装置入口 之前去除液体水，液体水具有导电性，会缩短电离距离，导致尾气电离除尘电场放电不均匀，易导致电极击穿。所述除水装置在发动机冷启动时，在尾气进入电场装置入口之前脱除尾气中的水珠即液体水，从而减少尾气中的水珠即液体水，减少尾气电离除尘电场放电不均匀及电场阴极和电场阳极击穿，从而提高电离除尘效率，取得预料不到的技术效果。所述除水装置没有特别的限制，现有技术中能实现去除尾气中的液体水都适用本发明。
下面通过具体实施例来进一步阐述本发明的发动机尾气中VOCs处理系统和方法。
实施例1
本实施例所述发动机尾气中VOCs处理系统包括尾气处理装置，所述尾气处理装置用于处理欲排入大气中的废气经紫外线装置处理后的产物。
请参阅图1，显示为尾气处理装置于一实施例中的结构示意图。如图1所示，所述尾气处理装置102包括尾气电场装置1021、尾气绝缘机构1022、除水装置。
所述尾气电场装置1021包括电场阳极10211和设置于电场阳极10211内的电场阴极10212，电场阳极10211与电场阴极10212之间形成非对称静电场，其中，待含有颗粒物的气体通过所述排气口进入所述尾气电场装置1021后，由于所述电场阴极10212放电，电离所述气体，以使所述颗粒物获得负电荷，向所述电场阳极10211移动，并沉积在所述电场阴极10212上。
具体地，所述电场阴极10212的内部由呈蜂窝状、且中空的阳极管束组组成，阳极管束的端口的形状为六边形。
所述电场阴极10212包括若干根电极棒，其一一对应地穿设所述阳极管束组中的每一阳极管束，其中，所述电极棒的形状呈针状、多角状、毛刺状、螺纹杆状或柱状。
所述电场阳极10211的集尘面积与电场阴极10212的放电面积的比为1680：1，所述电场阳极10211和电场阴极10212的极间距为9.9mm，电场阳极10211长度为60mm，电场阴极10212长度为54mm。
在本实施例中，所述电场阴极10212的进气端低于所述电场阳极10211的进气端，且所述电场阴极10212的出气端与所述电场阳极10211的出气端齐平，所述电场阴极10212的进气端与所述电场阳极10211的进气端之间具有夹角α，且α＝90°，以使所述尾气电场装置1021内部形成加速电场，能将更多的待处理物质收集起来。
气道外悬的所述尾气绝缘机构1022包括绝缘部和隔热部。所述绝缘部的材料采用陶瓷材料或玻璃材料。所述绝缘部为伞状串陶瓷柱，伞内外挂釉。请参阅图2，显示为呈伞状的尾气绝缘机构于一实施例中的结构示意图。
如图1所示，于本发明一实施例中电场阴极安装在阴极支撑板10213上，阴极支撑板10213与电场阳极10211通过尾气绝缘机构1022相连接。于本发明一实施例中电场阳极 10211包括第一阳极部102112和第二阳极部102111，即所述第一阳极部102112靠近除尘装置入口，第二阳极部102111靠近除尘装置出口。阴极支撑板10213和尾气绝缘机构1022在第一阳极部102112和第二阳极部102111之间，即尾气绝缘机构1022安装在电离电场中间、或电场阴极10212中间，可以对电场阴极10212起到良好的支撑作用，并对电场阴极10212起到相对于电场阳极10211的固定作用，使电场阴极10212和电场阳极10211之间保持设定的距离。
所述除水装置用于在电场装置入口之前去除液体水，当尾气温度低于100℃时，所述除水装置脱除尾气中的液体水，所述除水装置为电凝除雾装置。
实施例2
如图3所示，所述发动机尾气除尘系统包括除水装置207和尾气电场装置。所述尾气电场装置包括电场阳极10211和电场阴极10212，所述电场阳极10211和所述电场阴极10212用于产生尾气电离除尘电场。所述除水装置207用于在电场装置入口之前去除液体水，当尾气温度低于100℃时，所述除水装置脱除尾气中的液体水，所述除水装置207为电凝装置，图中箭头方向为尾气流动方向。
本实施例对紫外线装置处理发动机尾气中VOCs后的产物进行处理，处理方法包括：一种尾气除尘方法，包括以下步骤：尾气温度低于100℃时，脱除尾气中的液体水，然后电离除尘，其中采用电凝除雾方法脱除尾气中的液体水，所述尾气为汽油发动机冷启动时的尾气，减少尾气中的水珠即液体水，减少尾气电离除尘电场放电不均匀及电场阴极和电场阳极击穿，提高电离除尘效率，电离除尘效率为99.9％以上，未脱除尾气中的液体水的除尘方法的电离除尘效率为70％以下。因此，尾气温度低于100℃时，脱除尾气中的液体水，然后电离除尘，减少尾气中的水珠即液体水，减少尾气电离除尘电场放电不均匀及电场阴极和电场阳极击穿，提高电离除尘效率。
实施例3
本实施例中电场发生单元应用于尾气电场装置，如图4所示，包括用于形成尾气电离除尘电场的电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052，所述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052分别与电源的两个电极电性连接，所述电源为直流电源，所述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052分别与直流电源的阳极和阴极电性连接。本实施例中电场阳极4051具有正电势，电场阴极4052具有负电势。
本实施例中直流电源具体可为直流高压电源。上述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052之间形成尾气电离除尘电场，该尾气电离除尘电场是一种静电场。
如图4、图5和图6所示，本实施例中电场阳极4051呈中空的正六边形管状，电场阴极4052呈棒状，电场阴极4052穿设在电场阳极4051中。
本实施例对紫外线装置处理发动机尾气中VOCs后的产物进行处理，处理方法包括：减少电场耦合的方法，包括如下步骤：选择电场阳极4051的集尘面积与电场阴极4052的放电面积的比为6.67：1，电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052的极间距L3为9.9mm，电场阳极4051长度L1为60mm，电场阴极4052长度L2为54mm，所述电场阳极4051包括尾气流体通道，所述尾气流体通道包括进口端与出口端，所述电场阴极4052置于所述尾气流体通道中，所述电场阴极4052沿电场阳极尾气流体通道的方向延伸，电场阳极4051的进口端与电场阴极4052的近进口端齐平，电场阳极4051的出口端与电场阴极4052的近出口端之间具有夹角α，且α＝118°，进而在电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052的作用下，能将更多的待处理物质收集起来，实现电场耦合次数≤3，能够减少电场对气溶胶、水雾、油雾、松散光滑颗粒物的耦合消耗，节省电场电能30～50％。
本实施例中尾气电场装置包括由多个上述电场发生单元构成的电场级，所述电场级有多个，以利用多个集尘单元有效提高本尾气电场装置的集尘效率。同一电场级中，各尾气电离除尘电场阳极为相同极性，各尾气电离除尘电场阴极为相同极性。
多个电场级中各电场级之间串联，串联电场级通过连接壳体连接，相邻两级的电场级的距离大于极间距的1.4倍。如图7所示，所述电场级为两级即第一级电场4053和第二级电场4054，第一级电场4053和第二级电场4054通过连接壳体4055串联连接。
本实施例中上述待处理物质可以是呈颗粒状的粉尘。
本实施例中上述气体是紫外线装置处理发动机尾气中VOCs后的产物。
实施例4
本实施例中电场发生单元应用于尾气电场装置，如图4所示，包括用于形成尾气电离除尘电场的电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052，所述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052分别与电源的两个电极电性连接，所述电源为直流电源，所述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052分别与直流电源的阳极和阴极电性连接。本实施例中电场阳极4051具有正电势，电场阴极4052具有负电势。
本实施例中直流电源具体可为直流高压电源。上述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052之间形成尾气电离除尘电场，该尾气电离除尘电场是一种静电场。
本实施例中电场阳极4051呈中空的正六边形管状，电场阴极4052呈棒状，电场阴极4052穿设在电场阳极4051中。
本实施例对紫外线装置处理发动机尾气中VOCs后的产物进行处理，处理方法包括：减少电场耦合的方法，包括如下步骤：选择电场阳极4051的集尘面积与电场阴极4052的放电面积的比为1680：1，电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052的极间距为139.9mm，电场阳极4051长度为180mm，电场阴极4052长度为180mm，所述电场阳极4051包括尾气流体 通道，所述尾气流体通道包括进口端与出口端，所述电场阴极4052置于所述尾气流体通道中，所述电场阴极4052沿电场阳极尾气流体通道的方向延伸，电场阳极4051的进口端与电场阴极4052的近进口端齐平，电场阳极4051的出口端与电场阴极4052的近出口端齐平，进而在电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052的作用下，能将更多的待处理物质收集起来，实现电场耦合次数≤3，能够减少电场对气溶胶、水雾、油雾、松散光滑颗粒物的耦合消耗，节省电场电能20～40％。
本实施例中上述待处理物质可以是呈颗粒状的粉尘。
本实施例中上述气体是紫外线装置处理发动机尾气中VOCs后的产物。
实施例5
本实施例中电场发生单元应用于尾气电场装置，如图4所示，包括用于形成尾气电离除尘电场的电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052，所述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052分别与电源的两个电极电性连接，所述电源为直流电源，所述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052分别与直流电源的阳极和阴极电性连接。本实施例中电场阳极4051具有正电势，电场阴极4052具有负电势。
本实施例中直流电源具体可为直流高压电源。上述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052之间形成尾气电离除尘电场，该尾气电离除尘电场是一种静电场。
本实施例中电场阳极4051呈中空的正六边形管状，电场阴极4052呈棒状，电场阴极4052穿设在电场阳极4051中。
本实施例对紫外线装置处理发动机尾气中VOCs后的产物进行处理，处理方法包括：减少电场耦合的方法，包括如下步骤：选择电场阳极4051的集尘面积与电场阴极4052的放电面积的比为1.667：1，电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052的极间距为2.4mm，电场阳极4051长度为30mm，电场阴极4052长度为30mm，所述电场阳极4051包括尾气流体通道，所述尾气流体通道包括进口端与出口端，所述电场阴极4052置于所述尾气流体通道中，所述电场阴极4052沿电场阳极尾气流体通道的方向延伸，电场阳极4051的进口端与电场阴极4052的近进口端齐平，电场阳极4051的出口端与电场阴极4052的近出口端齐平，进而在电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052的作用下，能将更多的待处理物质收集起来，实现电场耦合次数≤3，能够减少电场对气溶胶、水雾、油雾、松散光滑颗粒物的耦合消耗，节省电场电能10～30％。
本实施例中上述待处理物质可以是呈颗粒状的粉尘。
本实施例中上述气体是紫外线装置处理发动机尾气中VOCs后的产物。
实施例6
本实施例中电场发生单元应用于尾气电场装置，如图4所示，包括用于形成尾气电离 除尘电场的电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052，所述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052分别与电源的两个电极电性连接，所述电源为直流电源，所述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052分别与直流电源的阳极和阴极电性连接。本实施例中电场阳极4051具有正电势，电场阴极4052具有负电势。
本实施例中直流电源具体可为直流高压电源。上述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052之间形成尾气电离除尘电场，该尾气电离除尘电场是一种静电场。
如图4、图5和图6所示，本实施例中电场阳极4051呈中空的正六边形管状，电场阴极4052呈棒状，电场阴极4052穿设在电场阳极4051中，电场阳极4051的集尘面积与电场阴极4052的放电面积的比为6.67：1，所述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052的极间距L3为9.9mm，电场阳极4051长度L1为60mm，电场阴极4052长度L2为54mm，所述电场阳极4051包括尾气流体通道，所述尾气流体通道包括进口端与出口端，所述电场阴极4052置于所述尾气流体通道中，所述电场阴极4052沿电场阳极尾气流体通道的方向延伸，电场阳极4051的进口端与电场阴极4052的近进口端齐平，电场阳极4051的出口端与电场阴极4052的近出口端之间具有夹角α，且α＝118°，进而在电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052的作用下，能将更多的待处理物质收集起来，保证本电场发生单元的集尘效率更高，典型尾气颗粒pm0.23集尘效率为99.99％，典型23nm颗粒去除效率为99.99％。
本实施例中尾气电场装置包括由多个上述电场发生单元构成的电场级，所述电场级有多个，以利用多个集尘单元有效提高本尾气电场装置的集尘效率。同一电场级中，各电场阳极为相同极性，各电场阴极为相同极性。
多个电场级中各电场级之间串联，串联电场级通过连接壳体连接，相邻两级的电场级的距离大于极间距的1.4倍。如图7所示，所述电场级为两级即第一级电场4053和第二级电场4054，第一级电场4053和第二级电场4054通过连接壳体4055串联连接。
本实施例中上述待处理物质可以是呈颗粒状的粉尘。
本实施例中上述气体是紫外线装置处理发动机尾气中VOCs后的产物。
实施例7
本实施例中电场发生单元应用于尾气电场装置，如图4所示，包括用于发生电场的电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052，所述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052分别与电源的两个电极电性连接，所述电源为直流电源，所述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052分别与直流电源的阳极和阴极电性连接。本实施例中电场阳极4051具有正电势，电场阴极4052具有负电势。
本实施例中直流电源具体可为直流高压电源。上述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052之间形成尾气电离除尘电场，该尾气电离除尘电场是一种静电场。
本实施例中电场阳极4051呈中空的正六边形管状，电场阴极4052呈棒状，电场阴极4052穿设在电场阳极4051中，电场阳极4051的集尘面积与电场阴极4052的放电面积的比为1680：1，所述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052的极间距为139.9mm，电场阳极4051长度为180mm，电场阴极4052长度为180mm，所述电场阳极4051包括尾气流体通道，所述尾气流体通道包括进口端与出口端，所述电场阴极4052置于所述尾气流体通道中，所述电场阴极4052沿电场阳极尾气流体通道的方向延伸，电场阳极4051的进口端与电场阴极4052的近进口端齐平，电场阳极4051的出口端与电场阴极4052的近出口端齐平，进而在电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052的作用下，能将更多的待处理物质收集起来，保证本电场装置的集尘效率更高，典型尾气颗粒pm0.23集尘效率为99.99％，典型23nm颗粒去除效率为99.99％。
本实施例中尾气电场装置包括由多个上述电场发生单元构成的电场级，所述电场级有多个，以利用多个集尘单元有效提高本尾气电场装置的集尘效率。同一电场级中，各电场阳极为相同极性，各电场阴极为相同极性。
本实施例中上述待处理物质可以是呈颗粒状的粉尘。
本实施例中上述气体为紫外线装置处理发动机尾气中VOCs后的产物。
实施例8
本实施例中电场发生单元应用于尾气电场装置，如图4所示，包括用于发生电场的电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052，所述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052分别与电源的两个电极电性连接，所述电源为直流电源，所述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052分别与直流电源的阳极和阴极电性连接。本实施例中电场阳极4051具有正电势，电场阴极4052具有负电势。
本实施例中直流电源具体可为直流高压电源。上述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052之间形成尾气电离除尘电场，该尾气电离除尘电场是一种静电场。
本实施例中电场阳极4051呈中空的正六边形管状，电场阴极4052呈棒状，电场阴极4052穿设在电场阳极4051中，电场阳极4051的集尘面积与电场阴极4052的放电面积的比为1.667：1，所述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052的极间距为2.4mm。电场阳极4051长度为30mm，电场阴极4052长度为30mm，所述电场阳极4051包括尾气流体通道，所述尾气流体通道包括进口端与出口端，所述电场阴极4052置于所述尾气流体通道中，所述电场阴极4052沿电场阳极尾气流体通道的方向延伸，电场阳极4051的进口端与电场阴极4052的近进口端齐平，电场阳极4051的出口端与电场阴极4052的近出口端齐平，进而在电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052的作用下，能将更多的待处理物质收集起来，保证本电场装置的集尘效率更高，典型尾气颗粒pm0.23集尘效率为99.99％，典型23nm颗粒去除效 率为99.99％。
本实施例中电场阳极4051及电场阴极4052构成集尘单元，且该集尘单元有多个，以利用多个集尘单元有效提高本尾气电场装置的集尘效率。
本实施例中上述待处理物质可以是呈颗粒状的粉尘，本实施例中上述气体为紫外线装置处理发动机尾气中VOCs后的产物。
实施例9
本实施例中发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理系统，包括上述实施例6、实施例7或实施例8中的尾气电场装置。由发动机排出的尾气需先流经紫外线装置，紫外线装置处理VOCs后的产物再流经该尾气电场装置，以利用该尾气电场装置有效地将气体中的粉尘等污染物清除掉；随后，经处理后的气体再排放至大气，以降低发动机尾气对大气造成的影响。
实施例10
本实施例中电场发生单元应用于尾气电场装置，如图4所示，包括用于形成尾气电离除尘电场的电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052，所述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052分别与电源的两个电极电性连接，所述电源为直流电源，所述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052分别与直流电源的阳极和阴极电性连接。本实施例中电场阳极4051具有正电势，电场阴极4052具有负电势。
本实施例中直流电源具体可为直流高压电源。上述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052之间形成尾气电离除尘电场，该尾气电离除尘电场是一种静电场。
本实施例中电场阳极4051呈中空的正六边形管状，电场阴极4052呈棒状，电场阴极4052穿设在电场阳极4051中，电场阳极4051长度为5cm，电场阴极4052长度为5cm，所述电场阳极4051包括尾气流体通道，所述尾气流体通道包括进口端与出口端，所述电场阴极4052置于所述尾气流体通道中，所述电场阴极4052沿电场阳极尾气流体通道的方向延伸，电场阳极4051的进口端与电场阴极4052的近进口端齐平，电场阳极4051的出口端与电场阴极4052的近出口端齐平，所述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052的极间距为9.9mm，进而在电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052的作用下，使得其耐高温冲击，而且能将更多的待处理物质收集起来，保证本电场发生单元的集尘效率更高。电场温度为200℃对应的集尘效率为99.9％；电场温度为400℃对应的集尘效率为90％；电场温度为500℃对应的集尘效率为50％。
本实施例中尾气电场装置包括由多个上述电场发生单元构成的电场级，所述电场级有多个，以利用多个集尘单元有效提高本电场装置的集尘效率。同一电场级中，各电场阳极为相同极性，各电场阴极为相同极性。
本实施例中上述待处理物质可以是呈颗粒状的粉尘。
本实施例中上述气体为紫外线装置处理发动机尾气中VOCs后的产物。
实施例11
本实施例中电场发生单元应用于尾气电场装置，如图4所示，包括用于发生电场的电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052，所述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052分别与电源的两个电极电性连接，所述电源为直流电源，所述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052分别与直流电源的阳极和阴极电性连接。本实施例中电场阳极4051具有正电势，电场阴极4052具有负电势。
本实施例中直流电源具体可为直流高压电源。上述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052之间形成尾气电离除尘电场，该尾气电离除尘电场是一种静电场。
本实施例中电场阳极4051呈中空的正六边形管状，电场阴极4052呈棒状，电场阴极4052穿设在电场阳极4051中，电场阳极4051长度为9cm，电场阴极4052长度为9cm，所述电场阳极4051包括尾气流体通道，所述尾气流体通道包括进口端与出口端，所述电场阴极4052置于所述尾气流体通道中，所述电场阴极4052沿电场阳极尾气流体通道的方向延伸，电场阳极4051的进口端与电场阴极4052的近进口端齐平，电场阳极4051的出口端与电场阴极4052的近出口端齐平，所述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052的极间距为139.9mm，进而在电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052的作用下，使得其耐高温冲击，而且能将更多的待处理物质收集起来，保证本电场发生单元的集尘效率更高。电场温度为200℃对应的集尘效率为99.9％；电场温度为400℃对应的集尘效率为90％；电场温度为500℃对应的集尘效率为50％。
本实施例中尾气电场装置包括由多个上述电场发生单元构成的电场级，所述电场级有多个，以利用多个集尘单元有效提高本电场装置的集尘效率。同一电场级中，各存储电场阳极为相同极性，各电场阴极为相同极性。
本实施例中上述待处理物质可以是呈颗粒状的粉尘。
本实施例中上述气体为紫外线装置处理发动机尾气中VOCs后的产物。
实施例12
本实施例中电场发生单元应用于尾气电场装置，如图4所示，包括用于发生电场的电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052，所述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052分别与电源的两个电极电性连接，所述电源为直流电源，所述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052分别与直流电源的阳极和阴极电性连接。本实施例中电场阳极4051具有正电势，电场阴极4052具有负电势。
本实施例中直流电源具体可为直流高压电源。上述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052之间形成尾气电离除尘电场，该尾气电离除尘电场是一种静电场。
本实施例中电场阳极4051呈中空的正六边形管状，电场阴极4052呈棒状，电场阴极4052穿设在电场阳极4051中，电场阳极4051长度为1cm，电场阴极4052长度为1cm，所述电场阳极4051包括尾气流体通道，所述尾气流体通道包括进口端与出口端，所述电场阴极4052置于所述尾气流体通道中，所述电场阴极4052沿电场阳极尾气流体通道的方向延伸，电场阳极4051的进口端与电场阴极4052的近进口端齐平，电场阳极4051的出口端与电场阴极4052的近出口端齐平，所述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052的极间距为2.4mm，进而在电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052的作用下，使得其耐高温冲击，而且能将更多的待处理物质收集起来，保证本电场发生单元的集尘效率更高。电场温度为200℃对应的集尘效率为99.9％；电场温度为400℃对应的集尘效率为90％；电场温度为500℃对应的集尘效率为50％。
本实施例中尾气电场装置包括由多个上述电场发生单元构成的电场级，所述电场级有多个，以利用多个集尘单元有效提高本电场装置的集尘效率。同一电场级中，各电场阳极为相同极性，各电场阴极为相同极性。
多个电场级中各电场级之间串联，串联电场级通过连接壳体连接，相邻两级的电场级的距离大于极间距的1.4倍。所述电场级为两级即第一级电场和第二级电场，第一级电场和第二级电场通过连接壳体串联连接。
本实施例中上述待处理物质可以是呈颗粒状的粉尘。
本实施例中上述气体为紫外线装置处理发动机尾气中VOCs后的产物。
实施例13
本实施例中电场发生单元应用于尾气电场装置，如图4所示，包括用于发生电场的电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052，所述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052分别与电源的两个电极电性连接，所述电源为直流电源，所述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052分别与直流电源的阳极和阴极电性连接。本实施例中电场阳极4051具有正电势，电场阴极4052具有负电势。
本实施例中直流电源具体可为直流高压电源。上述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052之间形成尾气电离除尘电场，该尾气电离除尘电场是一种静电场。
如图4和图5所示，本实施例中电场阳极4051呈中空的正六边形管状，电场阴极4052呈棒状，电场阴极4052穿设在电场阳极4051中，电场阳极4051长度为3cm，电场阴极4052长度为2cm，所述电场阳极4051包括尾气流体通道，所述尾气流体通道包括进口端与出口端，所述电场阴极4052置于所述尾气流体通道中，所述电场阴极4052沿电场阳极尾气流体通道的方向延伸，电场阳极4051的进口端与电场阴极4052的近进口端齐平，电场阳极4051的出口端与电场阴极4052的近出口端之间具有夹角α，且α＝90°，所述电场 阳极4051和电场阴极4052的极间距为20mm，进而在电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052的作用下，使得其耐高温冲击，而且能将更多的待处理物质收集起来，保证本电场发生单元的集尘效率更高。电场温度为200℃对应的集尘效率为99.9％；电场温度为400℃对应的集尘效率为90％；电场温度为500℃对应的集尘效率为50％。
本实施例中尾气电场装置包括由多个上述电场发生单元构成的电场级，所述电场级有多个，以利用多个集尘单元有效提高本电场装置的集尘效率。同一电场级中，各集尘极为相同极性，各放电极为相同极性。
多个电场级中各电场级之间串联，串联电场级通过连接壳体连接，相邻两级的电场级的距离大于极间距的1.4倍。如图7所示，所述电场级为两级即第一级电场和第二级电场，第一级电场和第二级电场通过连接壳体串联连接。
本实施例中上述待处理物质可以是呈颗粒状的粉尘。
本实施例中上述气体为紫外线装置处理发动机尾气中VOCs后的产物。
实施例14
本实施例中发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理系统，包括上述实施例10、实施例11、实施例12或实施例13中的尾气电场装置。由发动机排出的尾气需先流经紫外线装置，紫外线装置处理VOCs后的产物再流经该尾气电场装置，以利用该尾气电场装置有效地将尾气中的粉尘等污染物清除掉；随后，经处理后的气体再排放至大气，以降低发动机尾气对大气造成的影响。
实施例15
本实施例中电场发生单元应用于尾气电场装置，如图4所示，包括用于发生电场的电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052，所述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052分别与电源的两个电极电性连接，所述电源为直流电源，所述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052分别与直流电源的阳极和阴极电性连接。本实施例中电场阳极4051具有正电势，电场阴极4052具有负电势。
本实施例中直流电源具体可为直流高压电源。上述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052之间形成尾气电离除尘电场，该尾气电离除尘电场是一种静电场。
本实施例中电场阳极4051呈中空的正六边形管状，电场阴极4052呈棒状，电场阴极4052穿设在电场阳极4051中，电场阳极4051的集尘面积与电场阴极4052的放电面积的比为27.566:1，所述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052的极间距为2.3mm。电场阳极4051长度为5mm，电场阴极4052长度为4mm，所述电场阳极4051包括尾气流体通道，所述尾气流体通道包括进口端与出口端，所述电场阴极4052置于所述尾气流体通道中，所述电场阴极4052沿电场阳极尾气流体通道的方向延伸，电场阳极4051的进口端与电场阴极4052 的近进口端齐平，电场阳极4051的出口端与电场阴极4052的近出口端齐平，进而在电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052的作用下，能将更多的待处理物质收集起来，保证本电场装置的集尘效率更高。
本实施例中上述待处理物质可以是呈颗粒状的粉尘。
本实施例中上述气体为紫外线装置处理发动机尾气中VOCs后的产物。
实施例16
本实施例中电场发生单元应用于尾气电场装置，如图4所示，包括用于发生电场的电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052，所述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052分别与电源的两个电极电性连接，所述电源为直流电源，所述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052分别与直流电源的阳极和阴极电性连接。本实施例中电场阳极4051具有正电势，电场阴极4052具有负电势。
本实施例中直流电源具体可为直流高压电源。上述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052之间形成尾气电离除尘电场，该尾气电离除尘电场是一种静电场。
本实施例中电场阳极4051呈中空的正六边形管状，电场阴极4052呈棒状，电场阴极4052穿设在电场阳极4051中，电场阳极4051的集尘面积与电场阴极4052的放电面积的比为1.108:1，所述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052的极间距为2.3mm。电场阳极4051长度为60mm，电场阴极4052长度为200mm，所述电场阳极4051包括尾气流体通道，所述尾气流体通道包括进口端与出口端，所述电场阴极4052置于所述尾气流体通道中，所述电场阴极4052沿电场阳极尾气流体通道的方向延伸，电场阳极4051的进口端与电场阴极4052的近进口端齐平，电场阳极4051的出口端与电场阴极4052的近出口端齐平，进而在电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052的作用下，能将更多的待处理物质收集起来，保证本电场装置的集尘效率更高
本实施例中上述待处理物质可以是呈颗粒状的粉尘。
本实施例中上述气体为紫外线装置处理发动机尾气中VOCs后的产物。
实施例17
本实施例中电场发生单元应用于尾气电场装置，如图4所示，包括用于发生电场的电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052，所述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052分别与电源的两个电极电性连接，所述电源为直流电源，所述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052分别与直流电源的阳极和阴极电性连接。本实施例中电场阳极4051具有正电势，电场阴极4052具有负电势。
本实施例中直流电源具体可为直流高压电源。上述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052之间形成尾气电离除尘电场，该尾气电离除尘电场是一种静电场。
本实施例中电场阳极4051呈中空的正六边形管状，电场阴极4052呈棒状，电场阴极4052穿设在电场阳极4051中，电场阳极4051的集尘面积与电场阴极4052的放电面积的比为3065：1，所述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052的极间距为249mm。电场阳极4051长度为2000mm，电场阴极4052长度为180mm，所述电场阳极4051包括尾气流体通道，所述尾气流体通道包括进口端与出口端，所述电场阴极4052置于所述尾气流体通道中，所述电场阴极4052沿电场阳极尾气流体通道的方向延伸，电场阳极4051的进口端与电场阴极4052的近进口端齐平，电场阳极4051的出口端与电场阴极4052的近出口端齐平，进而在电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052的作用下，能将更多的待处理物质收集起来，保证本电场装置的集尘效率更高
本实施例中上述待处理物质可以是呈颗粒状的粉尘。
本实施例中上述气体为紫外线装置处理发动机尾气中VOCs后的产物。
实施例18
本实施例中电场发生单元应用于尾气电场装置，如图4所示，包括用于发生电场的电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052，所述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052分别与电源的两个电极电性连接，所述电源为直流电源，所述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052分别与直流电源的阳极和阴极电性连接。本实施例中电场阳极4051具有正电势，电场阴极4052具有负电势。
本实施例中直流电源具体可为直流高压电源。上述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052之间形成尾气电离除尘电场，该尾气电离除尘电场是一种静电场。
本实施例中电场阳极4051呈中空的正六边形管状，电场阴极4052呈棒状，电场阴极4052穿设在电场阳极4051中，电场阳极4051的集尘面积与电场阴极4052的放电面积的比为1.338:1，所述电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052的极间距为5mm。电场阳极4051长度为2mm，电场阴极4052长度为10mm，所述电场阳极4051包括尾气流体通道，所述尾气流体通道包括进口端与出口端，所述电场阴极4052置于所述尾气流体通道中，所述电场阴极4052沿电场阳极尾气流体通道的方向延伸，电场阳极4051的进口端与电场阴极4052的近进口端齐平，电场阳极4051的出口端与电场阴极4052的近出口端齐平，进而在电场阳极4051和电场阴极4052的作用下，能将更多的待处理物质收集起来，保证本电场装置的集尘效率更高
本实施例中上述待处理物质可以是呈颗粒状的粉尘。
本实施例中上述气体为紫外线装置处理发动机尾气中VOCs后的产物。
实施例19
本实施例中电场装置应用于发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理系统，包括除尘电场阴极 5081和除尘电场阳极5082分别与直流电源的阴极和阳极电性连接，辅助电极5083与直流电源的阳极电性连接。本实施例中除尘电场阴极5081具有负电势，除尘电场阳极5082和辅助电极5083均具有正电势。
同时，如图8所示，本实施例中辅助电极5083与除尘电场阳极5082固接。在除尘电场阳极5082与直流电源的阳极电性连接后，也实现了辅助电极5083与直流电源的阳极电性连接，且辅助电极5083与除尘电场阳极5082具有相同的正电势。
如图8所示，本实施例中辅助电极5083可沿前后方向延伸，即辅助电极5083的长度方向可与除尘电场阳极5082的长度方向相同。
如图8所示，本实施例中除尘电场阳极5082呈管状，除尘电场阴极5081呈棒状，除尘电场阴极5081穿设在除尘电场阳极5082中。同时本实施例中上述辅助电极5083也呈管状，辅助电极5083与除尘电场阳极5082构成阳极管5084。阳极管5084的前端与除尘电场阴极5081齐平，阳极管5084的后端向后超出了除尘电场阴极5081的后端，该阳极管5084相比于除尘电场阴极5081向后超出的部分为上述辅助电极5083。即本实施例中除尘电场阳极5082和除尘电场阴极5081的长度相同，除尘电场阳极5082和除尘电场阴极5081在前后方向上位置相对；辅助电极5083位于除尘电场阳极5082和除尘电场阴极5081的后方。这样，辅助电极5083与除尘电场阴极5081之间形成辅助电场，该辅助电场给除尘电场阳极5082和除尘电场阴极5081之间带负电荷的氧离子流施加向后的力，使得除尘电场阳极5082和除尘电场阴极5081间带负电荷的氧离子流具有向后的移动速度。当含有待处理物质的气体由前向后流入阳极管5084，带负电荷的氧离子在向除尘电场阳极5082且向后移动过程中将与待处理物质相结合，由于氧离子具有向后的移动速度，氧离子在与待处理物质相结合时，两者间不会产生较强的碰撞，从而避免因较强碰撞而造成较大的能量消耗，使得氧离子易于与待处理物质相结合，并使得气体中待处理物质的荷电效率更高，进而在除尘电场阳极5082及阳极管5084的作用下，能将更多的待处理物质收集起来，保证本电场装置的除尘效率更高。
另外，如图8所示，本实施例中阳极管5084的后端与除尘电场阴极5081的后端之间具有夹角α，且0°＜α≤125°、或45°≤α≤125°、或60°≤α≤100°、或α＝90°。
本实施例中除尘电场阳极5082、辅助电极5083、及除尘电场阴极5081构成除尘单元，且该除尘单元有多个，以利用多个除尘单元有效提高本电场装置的除尘效率。
本实施例中上述待处理物质可以是呈颗粒状的粉尘，也可以是其它需处理的杂质。
本实施例中上述气体可以是紫外线装置处理发动机尾气中VOCs后的产物。
本实施例中直流电源具体可为直流高压电源。上述除尘电场阴极5081和除尘电场阳极5082之间形成尾气电离除尘电场，该尾气电离除尘电场是一种静电场。在无上述辅助电 极5083的情况下，除尘电场阴极5081和除尘电场阳极5082之间电场中离子流沿垂直于电极方向，且在两电极间折返流动，并导致离子在电极间来回折返消耗。为此，本实施例利用辅助电极5083使电极相对位置错开，形成除尘电场阳极5082和除尘电场阴极5081间相对不平衡，这个不平衡会使电场中离子流发生偏转。本电场装置利用辅助电极5083形成能使离子流具有方向性的电场。本实施例中上述电场装置也称作一种有加速方向电场装置。本电场装置对顺离子流方向进入电场的颗粒物的收集率比对逆离子流方向进入电场的颗粒物的收集率提高近一倍，从而提高电场积尘效率，减少电场电耗。另外，现有技术中集尘电场的除尘效率较低的主要原因也是粉尘进入电场方向与电场内离子流方向相反或垂直交叉，从而导致粉尘与离子流相互冲撞剧烈并产生较大能量消耗，同时也影响荷电效率，进而使现有技术中电场集尘效率下降，且能耗增加。
本实施例中电场装置在用于收集气体中的粉尘时，气体及粉尘顺离子流方向进入电场，粉尘荷电充分，电场消耗小；单极电场集尘效率会达到99.99％。当气体及粉尘逆离子流方向进入电场，粉尘荷电不充分，电场电耗也会增加，集尘效率会在40％-75％。另外，本实施例中电场装置形成的离子流有利于无动力风扇流体输送、增氧、热量交换等。
实施例20
本实施例中电场装置应用于发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理系统，包括除尘电场阴极和除尘电场阳极分别与直流电源的阴极和阳极电性连接，辅助电极与直流电源的阴极电性连接。本实施例中辅助电极和除尘电场阴极均具有负电势，除尘电场阳极具有正电势。
本实施例中辅助电极可与除尘电场阴极固接。这样，在实现除尘电场阴极与直流电源的阴极电性连接后，也实现了辅助电极与直流电源的阴极电性连接。同时，本实施例中辅助电极沿前后方向延伸。
本实施例中除尘电场阳极呈管状，除尘电场阴极呈棒状，除尘电场阴极穿设在除尘电场阳极中。同时本实施例中上述辅助电极也棒状，且辅助电极和除尘电场阴极构成阴极棒。该阴极棒的前端向前超出除尘电场阳极的前端，该阴极棒与除尘电场阳极相比向前超出的部分为上述辅助电极。即本实施例中除尘电场阳极和除尘电场阴极的长度相同，除尘电场阳极和除尘电场阴极在前后方向上位置相对；辅助电极位于除尘电场阳极和除尘电场阴极的前方。这样，辅助电极与除尘电场阳极之间形成辅助电场，该辅助电场给除尘电场阳极和除尘电场阴极之间带负电荷的氧离子流施加向后的力，使得除尘电场阳极和除尘电场阴极间带负电荷的氧离子流具有向后的移动速度。当含有待处理物质的气体由前向后流入管状的除尘电场阳极，带负电荷的氧离子在向除尘电场阳极且向后移动过程中将与待处理物质相结合，由于氧离子具有向后的移动速度，氧离子在与待处理物质相结合时，两者间不会产生较强的碰撞，从而避免因较强碰撞而造成较大的能量消耗，使得氧离子易于与待处 理物质相结合，并使得气体中待处理物质的荷电效率更高，进而在除尘电场阳极作用下，能将更多的待处理物质收集起来，保证本电场装置的除尘效率更高。
本实施例中除尘电场阳极、辅助电极、及除尘电场阴极构成除尘单元，且该除尘单元有多个，以利用多个除尘单元有效提高本电场装置的除尘效率。
本实施例中上述待处理物质可以是呈颗粒状的粉尘。
实施例21
如图9所示，本实施例中电场装置应用于发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理系统，辅助电极5083沿左右方向延伸。本实施例中辅助电极5083的长度方向与除尘电场阳极5082和除尘电场阴极5081的长度方向不同。且辅助电极5083具体可与除尘电场阳极5082相垂直。
本实施例中除尘电场阴极5081和除尘电场阳极5082分别与直流电源的阴极和阳极电性连接，辅助电极5083与直流电源的阳极电性连接。本实施例中除尘电场阴极5081具有负电势，除尘电场阳极5082和辅助电极5083均具有正电势。
如图9所示，本实施例中除尘电场阴极5081和除尘电场阳极5082在前后方向上位置相对，辅助电极5083位于除尘电场阳极5082和除尘电场阴极5081的后方。这样，辅助电极5083与除尘电场阴极5081之间形成辅助电场，该辅助电场给除尘电场阳极5082和除尘电场阴极5081之间带负电荷的氧离子流施加向后的力，使得除尘电场阳极5082和除尘电场阴极5081间带负电荷的氧离子流具有向后的移动速度。当含有待处理物质的气体由前向后流入除尘电场阳极5082和除尘电场阴极5081之间的电场，带负电荷的氧离子在向除尘电场阳极5082且向后移动过程中将与待处理物质相结合，由于氧离子具有向后的移动速度，氧离子在与待处理物质相结合时，两者间不会产生较强的碰撞，从而避免因较强碰撞而造成较大的能量消耗，使得氧离子易于与待处理物质相结合，并使得气体中待处理物质的荷电效率更高，进而在除尘电场阳极5082的作用下，能将更多的待处理物质收集起来，保证本电场装置的除尘效率更高。
实施例22
如图10所示，本实施例中电场装置应用于发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理系统，辅助电极5083沿左右方向延伸。本实施例中辅助电极5083的长度方向与除尘电场阳极5082和除尘电场阴极5081的长度方向不同。且辅助电极5083具体可与除尘电场阴极5081相垂直。
本实施例中除尘电场阴极5081和除尘电场阳极5082分别与直流电源的阴极和阳极电性连接，辅助电极5083与直流电源的阴极电性连接。本实施例中除尘电场阴极5081和辅助电极5083均具有负电势，除尘电场阳极5082具有正电势。
如图10所示，本实施例中除尘电场阴极5081和除尘电场阳极5082在前后方向上位置相对，辅助电极5083位于除尘电场阳极5082和除尘电场阴极5081的前方。这样，辅助电极5083与除尘电场阳极5082之间形成辅助电场，该辅助电场给除尘电场阳极5082和除尘电场阴极5081之间带负电荷的氧离子流施加向后的力，使得除尘电场阳极5082和除尘电场阴极5081间带负电荷的氧离子流具有向后的移动速度。当含有待处理物质的气体由前向后流入除尘电场阳极5082和除尘电场阴极5081之间的电场，带负电荷的氧离子在向除尘电场阳极5082且向后移动过程中将与待处理物质相结合，由于氧离子具有向后的移动速度，氧离子在与待处理物质相结合时，两者间不会产生较强的碰撞，从而避免因较强碰撞而造成较大的能量消耗，使得氧离子易于与待处理物质相结合，并使得气体中待处理物质的荷电效率更高，进而在除尘电场阳极5082的作用下，能将更多的待处理物质收集起来，保证本电场装置的除尘效率更高。
实施例23
本实施例中发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理系统，包括上述实施例19、20、21或22中的电场装置。由发动机排出的尾气需先流经紫外线装置，紫外线装置处理尾气后的产物再流经该电场装置，以利用该电场装置有效地将气体中的粉尘等污染物清除掉；随后，经处理后的气体再排放至大气，以降低发动机尾气对大气造成的影响。本实施例中发动机排气装置也称作尾气处理装置，除尘电场阴极5081也称作电场阴极，除尘电场阳极5082也称作电场阳极。
实施例24
本实施例中发动机尾气除尘系统包括尾气降温装置，用于在电场装置入口之前降低尾气温度。本实施例中尾气降温装置可与电场装置入口相连通。
如图11所示，本实施例提供一种尾气降温装置，包括：
换热单元3071，用于与发动机的尾气进行热交换，以将换热单元3071中液态的换热介质加热成气态的换热介质。
本实施例中换热单元3071可以包括：
尾气通过腔，与发动机的排气管路相连通，该尾气通过腔用于供发动机的尾气通过；
介质气化腔，介质气化腔用于将液态换热介质与尾气发生热交换后转化成气态的换热介质。
本实施例中介质气化腔中具有液态的换热介质，液态的换热介质与尾气通过腔中的尾气发生热交换后会转化成气态的换热介质。尾气通过腔实现对汽车尾气的收集。本实施例中介质气化腔和尾气通过腔的长度方向可以相同，即介质气化腔的轴线与尾气通过腔的轴线相重合。本实施例中介质气化腔可以位于尾气通过腔内，或位于尾气通过腔外部。这样， 当汽车尾气流过尾气通过腔时，汽车尾气携带的热量将传递给对介质气化腔内的液体，将液体加热到沸点以上，液体汽化为高温高压的蒸气等气态介质，该蒸气将在介质气化腔中流动。本实施例中介质气化腔具体可全包覆或除其前端外的部分包覆在尾气通过腔的内外侧。
本实施例中尾气降温装置还包括动力产生单元3072，该动力产生单元3072用于将换热介质的热能和/或尾气的热能转换为机械能。
本实施例中尾气降温装置还可以包括一发电单元3073，该发电单元3073用于将动力产生单元3072产生的机械能转换为电能。
本实施例中尾气降温装置的工作原理为：换热单元3071与发动机的尾气进行热交换，以将换热单元3071中的液态的换热介质加热成气态的换热介质；动力产生单元3072将换热介质的热能或尾气的热能转换机械能；如果包括发电单元3073，发电单元3073将动力产生单元3072产生的机械能转换为电能，从而实现利用发动机的尾气进行发电，避免尾气携带的热量及压力被浪费掉；且换热单元3071在与尾气进行热交换时，还能起到对尾气散热、降温的作用，以便于能采用其它尾气净化装置等对尾气进行处理，并提高后续对尾气处理的效率。
本实施例中换热介质可以为水、甲醇、乙醇、油、或烷等。上述换热介质为能因温度而相变的物质，同时在相变过程其体积及压力也产生相应的变化。
本实施例中换热单元3071也称作换热器。本实施例中换热单元3071可采用管式换热设备。换热单元3071的设计考虑因素包括承压、减少体积、及增加换热面积等。
如图11所示，本实施例中尾气降温装置还可以包括连接于换热单元3071与动力产生单元3072之间的介质传输单元3074。介质气化腔中形成的蒸气等气态介质通过介质传输单元3074作用于动力产生单元3072。介质传输单元3074包括承压管路。
本实施例中动力产生单元3072包括涡扇。该涡扇能将蒸气或尾气等气态介质产生的压力转换成动能。且涡扇包括涡扇轴、及至少一组固定在涡扇轴上的涡扇组件。涡扇组件包括导流扇和动力扇。当蒸气的压力作用于涡扇组件时，涡扇轴将随涡扇组件一起转动，从而将蒸气的压力转换成动能。当动力产生单元3072包括涡扇时，发动机尾气的压力也可作用于涡扇上，以带动涡扇转动。这样，蒸气的压力和尾气产生的压力可交替地、无缝切换作用于涡扇上。本实施例中如果包括发电单元时，当涡扇以第一方向转动时，发电单元3073将动能转换为电能，实现余热发电；当产生的电能反过来带动涡扇转动，且涡扇以第二方向转动时，发电单元3073将电能转换为排气阻力，为发动机提供排气阻力，当安装于发动机上的排气制动装置起作用，产生发动机制动高温高压尾气时，涡扇将这种制动能转换为电能，实现发动机排气制动和制动发电。
本实施例可通过高速涡扇抽气产生恒定排气负压，减少了发动机的排气阻力，实现发动机助动。且当动力产生单元3072包括涡扇时，动力产生单元3072还包括涡扇调节模块，该涡扇调节模块利用发动机排气压力峰值推动涡扇产生转动惯量，进一步延时产生尾气负压，推动发动机吸气、降低使发动机排气阻力，提升发动机功率。
本实施例中尾气降温装置可应用于燃油发动机，如柴油发动机、或汽油发动机。本实施例中尾气降温装置还可应用于燃气发动机。具体地，本尾气降温装置用于车辆的柴油发动机上，即上述尾气通过腔与柴油发动机的排气口相连通。
如图11所示，本实施例中尾气降温装置还可以包括耦合单元3075，该耦合单元3075电性连接于动力产生单元3072和发电单元3073之间，发电单元3073通过该耦合单元3075与动力产生单元3072同轴耦合。
本实施例中尾气降温装置还可以包括保温管路，该保温管路连接于发动机的排气管路和换热单元3071之间。具体地，保温管路的两端分别与发动机系统的排气口和尾气通过腔相连通，以利用该保温管路来维持尾气的高温，并将尾气引入尾气通过腔中。
本实施例中尾气降温装置还可以包括风机，该风机将空气通入尾气中，并在电场装置入口之前，对尾气起到降温的作用。通入的空气可以是尾气的50％至300％、或100％至180％、或120％至150％。
本实施例中尾气降温装置可以协助发动机系统实现发动机排气余热的回收再利用，有助于减少发动机排放温室气体，也助于减少燃油发动机排放有害气体，减少了污染物的排放，并使燃油发动机排放更环保。
尾气降温装置的进气可以用来净化空气，当本发明发动机尾气除尘系统处理过的尾气的颗粒含量的比空气还要少。
本尾气降温装置可应用于柴油、汽油、燃气发动机节能减排领域，是发动机效率提升、节省燃料技术、提高发动机经济性的创新技术。本尾气降温装置能够帮助汽车省油、提高燃油经济性；也能使发动机废热得到回收利用，实现能源高效利用。
综上所述，本发明的尾气降温装置能够基于汽车尾气实现余热发电，且热能转换效率高，换热介质可循环利用；能够应用于柴油发动机、汽油发动机和燃气发动机等的节能减排领域，使发动机废热得到回收利用，从而提高发动机的经济性；通过高速涡扇抽气产生恒定排气负压，减少了发动机的排气阻力，提了高发动机效率。所以，本发明有效克服了现有技术中的种种缺点而具高度产业利用价值。
实施例25 UV光解+电离除尘
本实施例提供一种发动机尾气中VOCs处理方法，包括如下步骤：
将含有VOCs尾气进行UV净化处理，得到UV处理尾气后的产物；
将UV处理尾气后的产物进行电场除尘处理，去除UV处理尾气后的产物中的颗粒物。
本实施例中，所述电场除尘处理方法包括：使含尘气体通过电场阳极和电场阴极产生的电离除尘电场进行除尘处理。
本实施例中，所述电场除尘处理方法还包括：所述电场阳极的积尘面积与所述电场阴极的放电面积的比、所述电场阳极与所述电场阴极之间的极间距、所述电场阳极长度以及所述电场阴极长度使电离电场的耦合次数≤3。
本实施例中，所述电场除尘处理方法还包括提供一种辅助电场的方法，包括：
在流道中产生电场，所述电场不与所述流道垂直；所述电场阴极的进气端与所述电场阳极的进气端之间具有夹角α，且α＝90°。
1 主要试验装置及材料
1)VOCs原液(工业香蕉水)
乙酸正丁酯15％、乙酸乙酯15％、正丁醇10-15％、乙醇10％、丙酮5-10％、苯20％+二甲苯20％；
2)紫外光解装置：UV紫外灯：U型管、150W、185nm+254nm混合波长；
3)电场装置：采用实施例1的电场装置；
4)VOCs浓度检测仪表、CO 2浓度检测仪表、PM2.5检测仪表、温湿度检测仪表；
5)空气鼓风机2台：额定风量50L/min和20L/min；
6)转子流量计3个。
7)PN值检测方法：PN值：固体颗粒物的粒子数量，利用光散射原理，采用激光尘埃粒子计数器对VOC气体中的固体颗粒物进行检测，采气流量为2.8L/min，5s为一个取样周期。
2 主要试验过程及参数。
参见图12，本实施例提供的发动机尾气中VOCs处理系统包括依次连接的紫外线装置4、电场装置5，所述紫外线装置4包括：进气口41、出气口42、紫外灯43。
本实施例采用实施例1提供的电场装置5，所述紫外线装置4的出气口42与所述电场装置5的电场装置入口51连通。
参见图12，洁净空间进入空气加湿罐1，在空气加湿罐1内调节洁净空气的湿度，VOCs原液存储在VOCs储罐2内，将来自空气加湿罐1内的洁净空气与来自VOCs储罐内的VOCs原液在混合缓冲罐3内混匀，控制洁净空气和VOCs原液的气体流量，将混匀后的含有VOCs的气体(简称VOCs气体)的气体流量、浓度分别控制在0.95m 3/h、320mg/m 3。
将VOCs气体通过紫外线装置进气口41输送到紫外线装置4内进行UV净化处理， 得到UV处理尾气后的产物，净化产物通过出气口42输送到电场装置5内进行电场除尘处理，去除净化产物中的颗粒物，最终由电场装置5的电场装置出口52排出。
在紫外线装置进气口41、电场装置5的电场装置出口52处分别检测VOCs气体中VOCs浓度含量、CO 2浓度含量、PM2.5值；分别在紫外线装置进气口41、紫外线装置出气口42、电场装置5的电场装置出口52处检测气体中不同尺寸大小的固体颗粒物PN值，具体检测粒径为23nm、0.3μm、0.5μm、1.0μm、3.0μm、5.0μm、10μm固体颗粒物PN值。主要试验参数参见表1。
表1
Figure PCTCN2020086861-appb-000001
3 实验条件及实验结果
参见图12，将初始流量为0.95m 3/h、初始浓度为320mg/m 3的VOCs依次通入紫外线装置4、电场装置5。
接通紫外线装置中紫外灯电源后(电场装置暂时不打开)，处理0-717s；
在717s时开启电场装置直流电源，进行5.13kV和0.15mA电场条件下的脱除UV净化后产物中的有机固体颗粒物实验；
在1017s时将电场装置直流电源参数调整至7.07kV和0.79mA，进行脱除UV净化 后产物中的有机固体颗粒物实验；
在1317s进将电场装置直流电源参数调整至9.10kV和2.98mA，进行脱除UV净化后产物中的有机固体颗粒物实验。
3.1 VOCs浓度变化
当接通紫外线装置中紫外灯电源后(电场装置暂时不打开)，电场装置的装置出口处VOCs浓度及VOCs脱除率随时间的变化曲线如图13所示，其中A显示为电场装置出口VOCs浓度，B显示为VOCs脱除效率，处理80s内VOCs的浓度值基本维持在320mg/m 3的浓度值不变化，80s后VOCs浓度迅速下降；处理440s左右，VOCs浓度值下降至201mg/m 3，脱除效率高达37.1％左右。
3.2 UV净化VOCs产物CO 2浓度变化
图14为电场装置的装置出口处CO 2浓度随处理时间的变化曲线，CO 2初始浓度为903.3mg/m 3，由图14可知，UV紫外灯开启后CO 2浓度迅速增加，当处理时间达到453s后，CO 2浓度达到1126mg/m 3，而后CO 2浓度在1135mg/m 3范围内保持相对稳定。可见，除尘电场的开启对CO 2的生成量影响不大。
3.3 PM 2.5数据分析
如图15为电场装置的装置出口处PM2.5随处理时间的变化曲线，当紫外灯和电场装置未开启时，VOCs气体中原始PM2.5值为25μg/m 3；由图15可知，当单独开启紫外线装置后，PM2.5迅速增大，最终PM2.5值维持在5966μg/m 3左右，即PM2.5增加了近240倍左右。
在717s时开启电场装置直流电源，进行5.13kV和0.15mA电场条件下的脱除有机固体颗粒物实验，开启电场装置60s内PM 2.5值下降至10μg/m 3，PM 2.5脱除效率在99.8％。
在1017s时将电场装置直流电源参数调整至7.07kV和0.79mA，进行脱除UV净化后产物中的有机固体颗粒物实验；1317s进将电场装置直流电源参数调整至9.10kV和2.98mA，进行脱除UV净化后产物中的有机固体颗粒物实验；这两种电场工况下，除尘区出口PM2.5值均为0μg/m 3，PM 2.5脱除效率达到100％。
3.4 PN数据分析
当紫外线装置和电场装置未开启时，检测VOCs原始气体中不同尺寸大小的固体颗粒物PN值含量，VOCs原始气体中不同尺寸大小的固体颗粒物的粒子数量(PN值)分布如表2。
当紫外线装置单独开启后(电场装置未开启)，且达到最大的VOCs净化效率时，除尘区出口气体中各种尺寸的固体颗粒物PN发生很大幅度的增加，实验数据参见表3。由表3可知，23nm、0.3μm、0.5μm、1.0μm、3.0μm、5.0μm、10μm固体颗粒物PN值分别增 加至2585933682个/m 3、122762968个/m 3、122596749个/m 3、120574982个/m 3、117328622个/m 3、112109682个/m 3、105862049个/m 3，其中，其中5.0μm、10μm这2种固体颗粒物的PN值增加最明显，增幅在15万倍左右。
进行717s时开启电场装置直流电源，进行5.13kV和0.15mA电场条件下的脱除有机固体颗粒物实验，当该条件下电场开启60s后，除尘区出口气体的PN即发生很明显的下降，实验数据参见表4。由表4可知，该电场条件下，5.0μm、10μm这四种尺寸固体颗粒物的的脱除除效率基本均达到100％，另，23nm、0.3μm、0.5μm、1.0μm、3.0μm的固体颗粒物的脱除效率达到93％以上。
进行1017s时将电场装置直流电源参数调整至7.07kV和0.79mA，进行脱除有机固体颗粒物实验，当该条件下电场开启60s后，实验数据参见表5；由表5可知，该电场条件下，23nm、0.3μm、0.5μm、1.0μm、3.0μm、5.0μm、10μm的固体颗粒物的脱除效率均达到99％以上。
进行1317s将电场装置直流电源参数调整至9.10kV和2.98mA，进行脱除有机固体颗粒物实验，实验数据参见表6，该电场条件下，23nm、0.3μm、0.5μm、1.0μm、3.0μm、5.0μm、10μm的固体颗粒物的脱除效率均达到99％以上。
表2 原始VOC气体中PN数据
Figure PCTCN2020086861-appb-000002
表3 UV在最大VOC净化效率时的PN数据
Figure PCTCN2020086861-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2020086861-appb-000004
表4 5.13kV和0.15mA电场条件下净化后PN数据
Figure PCTCN2020086861-appb-000005
表5 7.07kV和0.79mA电场条件下净化后PN数据
Figure PCTCN2020086861-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2020086861-appb-000007
表6 9.10kV和2.98mA电场条件下净化后PN数据
Figure PCTCN2020086861-appb-000008
实施例26 UV光解+电离除尘
1.电场装置：采用实施例15的电场装置，其他同实施例25。
2.实验条件及实验结果
将初始流量为0.95m 3/h、初始浓度为320mg/m 3的VOCs依次通入紫外线装置4、电场装置5。
2.1 VOCs浓度变化
VOCs浓度变化趋势同实施例25。
2.2 UV净化VOCs产物CO 2浓度变化
UV净化VOCs产物CO 2浓度变化趋势同实施例25。
2.3 PM 2.5数据分析
当单独开启紫外线装置时，气体中PM2.5值随处理时间的变化趋势同实施例25。
在717s时开启电场装置直流电源，进行5.13kV和0.15mA电场条件下的脱除有机固体颗粒物实验，开启电场装置60s内PM 2.5值下降至0.02μg/m 3，PM 2.5脱除效率在99％。
在1017s时将电场装置直流电源参数调整至7.07kV和0.79mA，进行脱除UV净化后产物中的有机固体颗粒物实验；1317s进将电场装置直流电源参数调整至9.10kV和2.98mA，进行脱除UV净化后产物中的有机固体颗粒物实验；这两种电场工况下，除尘区出口 PM2.5值均为0μg/m 3，PM 2.5脱除效率达到100％。
2.4 PN数据分析
当紫外线装置和电场装置未开启时，检测VOCs原始气体中不同尺寸大小的固体颗粒物PN值含量如表2。
当紫外线装置单独开启后(电场装置未开启)，且达到最大的VOCs净化效率时，除尘区出口气体中各种尺寸的固体颗粒物PN发生很大幅度的增加，实验数据参见表3，同实施例25。
717s时开启电场装置直流电源，进行5.13kV和0.15mA电场条件下的脱除有机固体颗粒物实验，当该条件下电场开启60s后，除尘区出口气体的PN即发生很明显的下降，实验数据参见表7，表7中数据均为取样6次的平均值。由表7可知，尺寸23nm、0.3μm、0.5μm 1.0μm、3.0μm、5.0μm、10μm固体颗粒物脱除效率均达到99％以上。
1017s时将电场装置直流电源参数调整至7.07kV和0.79mA，进行脱除有机固体颗粒物实验，当该条件下电场开启60s后，实验数据参见表8，表8中数据均为取样6次的平均值；由表8可知，尺寸23nm、0.3μm、0.5μm 1.0μm、3.0μm、5.0μm、10μm固体颗粒物脱除效率均达到99％以上。
1317s进将电场装置直流电源参数调整至9.10kV和2.98mA，进行脱除有机固体颗粒物实验，实验数据参见表9，表9中数据均为取样6次的平均值。该电场条件下23nm、0.3μm和0.5μm的固体颗粒物脱除效率达到99.99％以上。
表7 5.13kV和0.15mA电场条件下净化后PN数据
Figure PCTCN2020086861-appb-000009
表8 7.07kV和0.79mA电场条件下净化后PN数据
Figure PCTCN2020086861-appb-000010
表9 9.10kV和2.98mA电场条件下净化后PN数据
Figure PCTCN2020086861-appb-000011
实施例27 UV光解+电离除尘
1.电场装置：采用实施例16的电场装置，其他同实施例25。
2.实验条件及实验结果
将初始流量为0.95m 3/h、初始浓度为320mg/m 3的VOCs依次通入紫外线装置4、电场装置5。
2.1 VOCs浓度变化
VOCs浓度变化趋势同实施例25。
2.2 UV净化VOCs产物CO 2浓度变化
UV净化VOCs产物CO 2浓度变化趋势同实施例25。
2.3 PM 2.5数据分析
当单独开启紫外线装置时，气体中PM2.5值随处理时间的变化趋势同实施例25。
在717s时开启电场装置直流电源，进行5.13kV和0.15mA电场条件下的脱除有机固体颗粒物实验，开启电场装置60s内PM 2.5值下降至0.02μg/m 3，PM 2.5脱除效率在99％。
在1017s时将电场装置直流电源参数调整至7.07kV和0.79mA，进行脱除UV净化后产物中的有机固体颗粒物实验；1317s进将电场装置直流电源参数调整至9.10kV和2.98mA，进行脱除UV净化后产物中的有机固体颗粒物实验；这两种电场工况下，除尘区出口PM2.5值均为0μg/m 3，PM 2.5脱除效率达到100％。
2.4 PN数据分析
当紫外线装置和电场装置未开启时，检测VOCs原始气体中不同尺寸大小的固体颗粒物PN值含量如表2。
当紫外线装置单独开启后(电场装置未开启)，且达到最大的VOCs净化效率时，除尘区出口气体中各种尺寸的固体颗粒物PN发生很大幅度的增加，实验数据参见表3。
717s时开启电场装置直流电源，进行5.13kV和0.15mA电场条件下的脱除有机固体颗粒物实验，当该条件下电场开启60s后，实验数据参见表10，表10中数据均为取样6次的平均值。由表10可知，尺寸23nm、0.3μm、0.5μm 1.0μm、3.0μm、5.0μm、10μm 固体颗粒物脱除效率均达到99％以上。
1017s时将电场装置直流电源参数调整至7.07kV和0.79mA，进行脱除有机固体颗粒物实验，当该条件下电场开启60s后，实验数据参见表11，表11中数据均为取样6次的平均值；由表11可知，尺寸23nm、0.3μm、0.5μm 1.0μm、3.0μm、5.0μm、10μm固体颗粒物脱除效率均达到99.99％以上。
1317s进将电场装置直流电源参数调整至9.10kV和2.98mA，进行脱除有机固体颗粒物实验，实验数据参见表12，表12中数据均为取样6次的平均值。该电场条件下23nm、0.3μm和0.5μm的固体颗粒物又进一步下降至345个/m 3、8个/m 3和0个/m 3，脱除效率均达到99.999％以上。
表10 5.13kV和0.15mA电场条件下净化后PN数据
Figure PCTCN2020086861-appb-000012
表11 7.07kV和0.79mA电场条件下净化后PN数据
Figure PCTCN2020086861-appb-000013
表12 9.10kV和2.98mA电场条件下净化后PN数据
Figure PCTCN2020086861-appb-000014
实施例28 UV光解+电离除尘
1.电场装置：采用实施例17的电场装置，其他同实施例25。
2.实验条件及实验结果
将初始流量为0.95m 3/h、初始浓度为320mg/m 3的VOCs依次通入紫外线装置4、电场装置5。
2.1 VOCs浓度变化
VOCs浓度变化趋势同实施例25。
2.2 UV净化VOCs产物CO 2浓度变化
UV净化VOCs产物CO 2浓度变化趋势同实施例25。
2.3 PM 2.5数据分析
当单独开启紫外线装置时，气体中PM2.5值随处理时间的变化趋势同实施例25。
在717s时开启电场装置直流电源，进行5.13kV和0.15mA电场条件下的脱除有机固体颗粒物实验，开启电场装置60s内PM 2.5值下降至0.02μg/m 3，PM 2.5脱除效率在99％。
在1017s时将电场装置直流电源参数调整至7.07kV和0.79mA，进行脱除UV净化后产物中的有机固体颗粒物实验；1317s进将电场装置直流电源参数调整至9.10kV和2.98mA，进行脱除UV净化后产物中的有机固体颗粒物实验；这两种电场工况下，除尘区出口PM2.5值均为0μg/m 3，PM 2.5脱除效率达到100％。
2.4 PN数据分析
当紫外线装置和电场装置未开启时，检测VOCs原始气体中不同尺寸大小的固体颗粒物PN值含量如表2。
当紫外线装置单独开启后(电场装置未开启)，且达到最大的VOCs净化效率时，除尘区出口气体中各种尺寸的固体颗粒物PN发生很大幅度的增加，实验数据参见表3。
717s时开启电场装置直流电源，进行5.13kV和0.15mA电场条件下的脱除有机固体颗粒物实验，实验数据参见表13，表13中数据均为取样6次的平均值。当该条件下电场开启60s后，除尘区出口气体的PN即发生很明显的下降，由表13可知，尺寸23nm、0.3μm、0.5μm 1.0μm、3.0μm、5.0μm、10μm固体颗粒物脱除效率均达到99％以上。
1017s时将电场装置直流电源参数调整至7.07kV和0.79mA，进行脱除有机固体颗粒物实验，实验数据参见表14，表14中数据均为取样6次的平均值；当该条件下电场开启60s后，由表14可知，尺寸23nm、0.3μm、0.5μm 1.0μm、3.0μm、5.0μm、10μm固体颗粒物脱除效率均达到99％以上。
1317s进将电场装置直流电源参数调整至9.10kV和2.98mA，进行脱除有机固体颗粒物实验，实验数据参见表15，表15中数据均为取样6次的平均值。该电场条件下23nm、0.3μm和0.5μm的固体颗粒物脱除效率均为99.99％以上。
表13 5.13kV和0.15mA电场条件下净化后PN数据
Figure PCTCN2020086861-appb-000015
表14 7.07kV和0.79mA电场条件下净化后PN数据
Figure PCTCN2020086861-appb-000016
表15 9.10kV和2.98mA电场条件下净化后PN数据
Figure PCTCN2020086861-appb-000017
实施例29 UV光解+电离除尘
1.电场装置：采用实施例18的电场装置，其他同实施例25。
2.实验条件及实验结果
将初始流量为0.95m 3/h、初始浓度为320mg/m 3的VOCs依次通入紫外线装置4、电场装置5。
3.1 VOCs浓度变化
VOCs浓度变化趋势同实施例25。
3.2 UV净化VOCs产物CO 2浓度变化
UV净化VOCs产物CO 2浓度变化趋势同实施例25。
3.3 PM 2.5数据分析
当单独开启紫外线装置时，气体中PM2.5值随处理时间的变化趋势同实施例25。
在717s时开启电场装置直流电源，进行5.13kV和0.15mA电场条件下的脱除有机固 体颗粒物实验，开启电场装置60s内PM 2.5值下降至0.002μg/m 3，PM 2.5脱除效率在99.9％。
在1017s时将电场装置直流电源参数调整至7.07kV和0.79mA，进行脱除UV净化后产物中的有机固体颗粒物实验；1317s进将电场装置直流电源参数调整至9.10kV和2.98mA，进行脱除UV净化后产物中的有机固体颗粒物实验；这两种电场工况下，除尘区出口PM2.5值均为0μg/m 3，PM 2.5脱除效率达到100％。
3.4 PN数据分析
当紫外线装置和电场装置未开启时，检测VOCs原始气体中不同尺寸大小的固体颗粒物PN值含量如表2。
当紫外线装置单独开启后(电场装置未开启)，且达到最大的VOCs净化效率时，除尘区出口气体中各种尺寸的固体颗粒物PN发生很大幅度的增加，实验数据参见表3。
717s时开启电场装置直流电源，进行5.13kV和0.15mA电场条件下的脱除有机固体颗粒物实验，实验数据参见表16，表16中数据均为取样6次的平均值。当该条件下电场开启60s后，除尘区出口气体的PN即发生很明显的下降，由表16可知，尺寸23nm、0.3μm、0.5μm 1.0μm、3.0μm、5.0μm、10μm固体颗粒物脱除效率均达到99％以上。
1017s时将电场装置直流电源参数调整至7.07kV和0.79mA，进行脱除有机固体颗粒物实验，实验数据参见表17，表17中数据均为取样6次的平均值；当该条件下电场开启60s后，由表17可知，尺寸23nm、0.3μm、0.5μm 1.0μm、3.0μm、5.0μm、10μm固体颗粒物脱除效率均达到99％以上。
1317s进将电场装置直流电源参数调整至9.10kV和2.98mA，进行脱除有机固体颗粒物实验，实验数据参见表18，表18中数据均为取样6次的平均值。该电场条件下23nm、0.3μm和0.5μm的固体颗粒物脱除效率达到99.99％以上。
表16 5.13kV和0.15mA电场条件下净化后PN数据
Figure PCTCN2020086861-appb-000018
表17 7.07kV和0.79mA电场条件下净化后PN数据
Figure PCTCN2020086861-appb-000019
Figure PCTCN2020086861-appb-000020
表18 9.10kV和2.98mA电场条件下净化后PN数据
Figure PCTCN2020086861-appb-000021
实施例30 UV光解+电离除尘
1.电场装置：采用实施例21的电场装置，其他同实施例25。
2.实验条件及实验结果
将初始流量为0.95m 3/h、初始浓度为320mg/m 3的VOCs依次通入紫外线装置4、电场装置5。
2.1 VOCs浓度变化
VOCs浓度变化趋势同实施例25。
2.2 UV净化VOCs产物CO 2浓度变化
UV净化VOCs产物CO 2浓度变化趋势同实施例25。
2.3 PM 2.5数据分析
当单独开启紫外线装置时，气体中PM2.5值随处理时间的变化趋势同实施例25。
在717s时开启电场装置直流电源，进行5.13kV和0.15mA电场条件下的脱除有机固体颗粒物实验，开启电场装置60s内PM 2.5值下降至0.21μg/m 3，PM 2.5脱除效率在99％。
在1017s时将电场装置直流电源参数调整至7.07kV和0.79mA，进行脱除UV净化后产物中的有机固体颗粒物实验；1317s进将电场装置直流电源参数调整至9.10kV和2.98mA，进行脱除UV净化后产物中的有机固体颗粒物实验；这两种电场工况下，除尘区出口PM2.5值均为0.017μg/m 3，PM 2.5脱除效率达到99.9％。
2.4 PN数据分析
当紫外线装置和电场装置未开启时，检测VOCs原始气体中不同尺寸大小的固体颗粒物PN值含量如表2。
当紫外线装置单独开启后(电离除尘装置未开启)，且达到最大的VOCs净化效率时，除尘区出口气体中各种尺寸的固体颗粒物PN发生很大幅度的增加，实验数据参见表3。
717s时开启电场装置直流电源，进行5.13kV和0.15mA电场条件下的脱除有机固体颗粒物实验，实验数据参见表19，表19中数据均为取样6次的平均值。当该条件下电场开启60s后，除尘区出口气体的PN即发生很明显的下降，由表19可知，尺寸23nm、0.3μm、0.5μm 1.0μm、3.0μm、5.0μm、10μm固体颗粒物脱除效率均达到99％以上。
1017s时将电场装置直流电源参数调整至7.07kV和0.79mA，进行脱除有机固体颗粒物实验，实验数据参见表20，表20中数据均为取样6次的平均值；当该条件下电场开启60s后，由表20可知，尺寸23nm、0.3μm、0.5μm 1.0μm、3.0μm、5.0μm、10μm固体颗粒物脱除效率均达到99.9％以上。
1317s进将电场装置直流电源参数调整至9.10kV和2.98mA，进行脱除有机固体颗粒物实验，实验数据参见表21，表21中数据均为取样6次的平均值。该电场条件下23nm、0.3μm和0.5μm的固体颗粒物脱除效率均达到99.99％以上。
表19 5.13kV和0.15mA电场条件下净化后PN数据
Figure PCTCN2020086861-appb-000022
表20 7.07kV和0.79mA电场条件下净化后PN数据
Figure PCTCN2020086861-appb-000023
表21 9.10kV和2.98mA电场条件下净化后PN数据
Figure PCTCN2020086861-appb-000024
Figure PCTCN2020086861-appb-000025
实施例31 UV+分子筛+活性炭组合净化(以下简称“组合净化”)
本实施例提供一种发动机尾气中VOCs处理方法，包括：将尾气进行UV净化处理，得到UV处理尾气后的产物；将UV处理尾气后的产物进行吸附净化，然后进行电场除尘处理。本实施例主要实验装置流程示意图参见图16。
1 主要试验装置、耗材
a.VOCs原液(工业香蕉水)
乙酸正丁酯15％、乙酸乙酯15％、正丁醇10-15％、乙醇10％、丙酮5-10％、苯20％+二甲苯20％；
b.UV紫外灯
U型管、150W、185nm+254nm混合波长
c.吸附剂
21AE疏水分子筛；
工业蜂窝活性炭；
d.VOCs仪表、CO 2仪表、O 3仪表、PM2.5仪表、温湿度仪表
2 吸附剂基本产品参数参见表22。
表22
Figure PCTCN2020086861-appb-000026
3 组合净化VOCs试验数据
参见图13，本实施例提供的发动机尾气中VOCs处理系统包括依次连接的紫外线装置4、吸附装置6，所述紫外线装置4包括：进气口41、出气口42、紫外灯43。所述吸附装置6包括进气口61、出气口62，所述吸附装置6的进气口61与所述紫外线装置4的出气口42连通。
本实施例中洁净空间进入空气加湿罐1，在空气加湿罐1内调节洁净空气的湿度，VOCs原液存储在VOCs储罐2内，将来自空气加湿罐1内的洁净空气与来自VOCs储罐内的 VOCs原液在混合缓冲罐3内混匀，控制洁净空气和VOCs原液的气体流量，将混均后的VOCs气体依次通入紫外线装置4、吸附装置6，首先通过UV光解光氧化作用净化一部分的VOCs分子，残余的VOCs分子利用含多孔结构的分子筛+活性炭的物理吸附净化除去，最终净化后的气体通过吸附装置出口排放，达到VOCs气体净化的目的。
3.1 组合净化低VOCs浓度为614mg/m 3的实验数据分析
3.1.1 固定参数
紫外线装置4内装配有一根150W的U型的紫外灯管43，吸附装置6分别装填25.1g分子筛63和30.8g活性64。通过洁净空气鼓泡，将进入紫外线装置4进气口41的VOCs气体湿度控制在90％RH以上。调节洁净空气和VOCs原液的气体流量，将VOCs的气体流量和浓度控制在0.9m 3/h和614mg/m 3，其他实验参数参见23。
表23
空气温度 18℃ 空气湿度 70％RH 大气压力 常压
UV灯管波长 185+254nm UV灯管功率 150W 净化区停留时间 18.2s
VOCs原液气体流量 <0.04m 3/h 空气气体流量 1.1m 3/h 缓冲罐出口VOCs流量 0.9m 3/h
21AE分子筛填装量 25.1g 21AE分子筛增重 2.9g 光解区入口初始PM2.5 79μg/m 3
活性炭填装量 30.8g 活性炭增重 0.5g 吸附区出口最终PM2.5 6096μg/m 3
缓冲罐气体湿度 >90％RH        
3.1.2 净化过程中各净化单元出口VOCs变化数据
3.1.2.1 VOCs浓度
图17为净化低VOCs浓度时紫外线装置4进气口41、出气口42、吸附装置6出气口62处VOCs浓度随时间的变化曲线，其中，A显示为缓冲罐出口VOCs浓度，B显示为紫外线装置出气口处VOCs浓度，C显示为吸附装置出气口出处VOCs浓度。由图17可知，从吸附装置6出气口62处VOCs浓度的变化曲线可知，组合净化试验刚开始时，0s-600s内吸附区出口VOCs浓度值稳定在6-9mg/m3，这期间的组合净化效率达到98.5％。
在800s(13min)左右，吸附装置6出气口62VOCs浓度＝30mg/m 3(设定VOCs浓度值为原始浓度5％时，吸附剂穿透)，吸附剂穿透，穿透前，组合净化效率至少在95％以上；
当组合净化时间超过穿透时间后，组合净化效率逐渐下降，7200s(2小时)时吸附装置6出气口62浓度上升至197mg/m 3，此时紫外线装置出气口浓度为219mg/m 3，即吸附净化前后的浓度基本相等，分子筛+活性炭组合吸附剂已经达到饱和失效，不能再起到吸附净化VOCs的作用，需要提前对饱和的吸附剂进行更换和VOCs脱附再生。
整个组合净化过程，从净化开始至吸附装置内吸附剂饱和，共计7200s左右，从本试验数据统计可得，UV净化装置独自的VOCs净化效率基本保持在40.9％左右。
3.1.2.2 净化过程中各净化单元出口CO 2变化数据
图18为净化低VOCs浓度时紫外线装置进气口、出气口、吸附装置出口处CO 2浓度随时间的变化曲线，其中，A显示为缓冲罐出口处CO 2浓度，B显示为紫外线装置出气口处CO 2浓度，C显示为吸附装置出气口出处CO 2浓度。由图18可知，紫外线装置进气口处CO 2浓度整体保持在852mg/m 3的平均水平，当达到UV最大VOCs净化效率后，紫外线装置出气口处CO 2浓度基本维持在相对稳定的水平即1284mg/m 3，CO 2经UV净化后的新生成率稳定在50.7％左右。
吸附装置出口处CO 2浓度在360s后达到最大值1584mg/m 3，而后保持在一个相对稳定的水平即1472mg/m 3，即组合净化的CO 2新生成率稳定在72.8％左右。
对比UV净化装置与吸附装置出口处CO 2的浓度与新生成率，可知，吸附装置的CO 2的浓度与新生成率依旧在大幅度增加，这是由于从UV单元出口的VOCs、O 3、H2O在进入吸附区后，可以吸附在分子筛和活性炭的外表面和孔道内表面，并继续发生VOCs的催化氧化分解生成CO2，可再进入电场装置进行除尘，对气体中VOCs进行进一步净化。
3.1.2.3 组合净化开始和组合净化结束后PM 2.5数据对比
在正式组合净化实验开始之前，0.9m 3/h和614mg/m 3的VOCs气体中的PM2.5值为79μg/m 3，7200s净化实验结束后吸附装置出口气体中的PM2.5值上升到6096μg/m 3，PM2.5增加近77倍。
一方面说明VOCs在UV光分解和光氧化过程中不仅分解生成了CO 2，而且发生了光聚合反应，VOCs分子聚合生成了具有高分子量的有机颗粒物，分散在气体当中。
3.2 组合净化高VOCs浓度为1105mg/m 3的实验数据分析
3.2.1 实验固定参数
调节洁净空气和VOCs原液的气体流量，将VOCs的气体流量和浓度控制在0.9m 3/h和1105mg/m 3，具体参数参见表24。
表24
空气温度 19℃ 空气湿度 70％RH 大气压力 常压
UV灯管波长 185nm+254nm UV灯管功率 150W UV净化区停留时间 18.2S
VOCs原液气体流量 <0.04m3/h 空气气体流量 1.1m3/h 缓冲罐出口VOCs流量 0.9m 3/h
21AE分子筛填装量 23.6g 21AE分子筛增重 4.0g 光解区入口初始PM2.5 17μg/m 3
活性炭填装量 30.0g 活性炭增重 1.1g 吸附区出口最终PM2.5 5580μg/m 3
缓冲罐气体湿度 >90％RH        
3.2.2 净化过程中各净化单元出口VOCs变化数据
3.2.2.1 VOCs浓度
图19为净化高VOCs浓度时紫外线装置进气口、出气口、吸附装置出口处VOCs浓度随时间的变化曲线，其中，A显示为缓冲罐出口处VOCs浓度，B显示为紫外线装置出气口处VOCs浓度，C显示为吸附装置出气口出处VOCs浓度。由图19可知，从吸附区出口VOCs浓度C7的变化曲线可知，组合净化试验刚开始时，0s-600s内吸附区出口VOCs浓度值稳定在8-19mg/m 3，这期间的组合净化效率达到98.3％。
在1020s左右，吸附区出口VOCs浓度＝55mg/m 3(设定VOCs浓度值为原始浓度5％时，吸附剂穿透)，吸附剂穿透，穿透前，组合净化效率至少在94.7％以上；
当组合净化时间超过穿透时间后，组合净化效率逐渐下降，7200s(2小时)时吸附区出口浓度C7上升至451mg/m 3，此时紫外线装置出口浓度C5为456mg/m 3，分子筛+活性炭组合吸附剂已经达到饱和失效，不能再起到吸附净化VOCs的作用，此时的组合净化效率已下降至41.1％，仅UV光解装置能起净化作用。
整个组合净化过程，从净化开始至吸附装置内吸附剂饱和，共计7200s左右，从本试验数据统计可得，UV净化装置独自的VOCs净化效率基本保持在41.1％左右。
3.2.2.2 净化过程中各净化单元出口CO 2变化数据
图20为净化高VOCs浓度时紫外线装置进气口、出气口、吸附装置出口处CO 2浓度随时间的变化曲线，其中，A显示为缓冲罐出口处CO 2浓度，B显示为紫外线装置出气口处CO 2浓度，C显示为吸附装置出气口出处CO 2浓度。由图20可知，紫外线装置进气口处CO 2浓度整体保持在882.5mg/m 3的平均水平，当达到UV最大VOCs净化效率后，紫外线装置出气口处CO 2浓度基本维持在相对稳定的水平即1531mg/m 3，CO2经UV净化后的新生成率稳定在73.6％左右。
吸附装置出口处CO 2浓度在360s后达到最大值1748mg/m 3，而后保持在一个相对稳定的水平即1679mg/m 3，即组合净化的CO 2新生成率稳定在90.3％左右。
对比UV净化装置与吸附装置出口处CO 2的浓度与新生成率，可知，吸附装置的CO 2的浓度与新生成率依旧在大幅度增加，这是由于从紫外线装置出口的VOCs、O 3、H 2O在进入吸附区后，可以吸附在分子筛和活性炭的外表面和孔道内表面，并继续发生VOCs的催化氧化分解生成CO 2，对废气中VOCs进行进一步净化。
3.2.2.3 组合净化开始和组合净化结束后PM 2.5数据对比
在正式组合净化实验开始之前，0.9m 3/h和1105mg/m 3的VOCs气体中的PM2.5值为17μg/m 3，7200s净化实验结束后吸附装置出口气体中的PM2.5值上升到5580μg/m 3，PM 2.5增加近300多倍；同时在吸附装置的21AE分子筛吸附柱下端有黄色的油状液体生成。
说明VOCs在UV处理时发生光聚合反应的聚合程度不同，产物也有所区别：一部分产物为高分子量的有机物固体颗粒，可以悬浮在气体当中，随气流被带出UV净化单元排放；另一部分以液体状态沉积在管道的内表面。
综上所述，本发明有效克服了现有技术中的种种缺点而具高度产业利用价值。
上述实施例仅例示性说明本发明的原理及其功效，而非用于限制本发明。任何熟悉此技术的人士皆可在不违背本发明的精神及范畴下，对上述实施例进行修饰或改变。因此，举凡所属技术领域中具有通常知识者在未脱离本发明所揭示的精神与技术思想下所完成的一切等效修饰或改变，仍应由本发明的权利要求所涵盖。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理系统，包括：
    进口、出口、及位于进口和出口之间的流道；
    还包括紫外线装置、尾气电场装置，所述紫外线装置、尾气电场装置从所述进口至所述出口方向依次沿所述流道设置；
    所述尾气电场装置包括：电场装置入口、电场装置出口、电场阴极和电场阳极，所述电场阴极和电场阳极用于产生电离除尘电场；所述电场阳极和所述进气电场阴极的极间距小于150mm。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理系统，其特征在于，所述电场阳极和所述电场阴极的极间距为2.5-139.9mm。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理系统，其特征在于，所述电场阳极和所述电场阴极的极间距为5-100mm。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理系统，其特征在于，所述电场阳极和所述电场阴极的极间距使所述电离除尘电场的耦合次数≤3。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理系统，其特征在于，所述电场阳极的积尘面积与所述电场阴极的放电面积的比、所述电场阳极与所述电场阴极之间的极间距、所述电场阳极长度以及所述电场阴极长度使所述电离除尘电场的耦合次数≤3。
  6. 一种发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理方法，包括如下步骤：
    将VOCs气体进行UV处理，得到UV处理尾气后的产物；
    将UV处理尾气后的产物进行电场除尘处理，去除UV处理尾气后的产物中的颗粒物；
    所述电场除尘处理还包括一种减少除尘电场耦合的方法，所述减少除尘电场耦合的方法包括以下步骤：
    包括选择所述电场阳极与所述电场阴极之间的极间距，使电场耦合次数≤3。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理方法，其特征在于，包括选择所述电场阳极和所述电场阴极的极间距为2.5-139.9mm。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理方法，其特征在于，包括选择所述电场阳极和所述电场阴极的极间距为5-100mm。
  9. 根据权利要求6-8任一项所述的发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理方法，其特征在于，选择所述电场阳极的积尘面积与所述电场阴极的放电面积的比、所述电场阳极与所述电场阴极之间的极间距、所述电场阳极长度以及所述电场阴极长度使所述电离除尘电场的耦合次数≤3。
  10. 根据权利要求6-9述的发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理方法，其特征在于，所述发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理方法中在电场除尘处理前还包括将UV处理尾气后的产物进行吸附处理。
  11. 根据权利要求11所述的发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理方法，其特征在于，所述吸附处理的吸附剂为活性炭和/或分子筛。
  12. 根据权利要求6-11任一项所述的发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理方法，其特征在于，所述UV处理尾气后的产物中含有纳米颗粒物，所述去除UV处理尾气后的产物中的颗粒物包括去除UV处理尾气后的产物中的纳米颗粒物。
  13. 根据权利要求6-12任一项所述的发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理方法，其特征在于，所述UV处理尾气后的产物中含有小于50nm的颗粒物，所述去除UV处理尾气后的产物中的颗粒物包括去除UV处理尾气后的产物中的小于50nm的颗粒物。
  14. 根据权利要求6-13任一项所述的发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理方法，其特征在于，所述UV处理尾气后的产物中含有15-35纳米的颗粒物，所述去除UV处理尾气后的产物中的颗粒物包括去除UV处理尾气后的产物中的15-35纳米的颗粒物。
  15. 根据权利要求6-14任一项所述的发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理方法，其特征在于，所述UV处理尾气后的产物中含有23nm的颗粒物，所述去除UV处理尾气后的产物中的颗粒物包括去除UV处理尾气后的产物中的23nm的颗粒物。
  16. 根据权利要求6-15任一项所述的发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理方法，其特征在于，所述去除UV处理尾气后的产物中的23nm的颗粒物的脱除率≥93％。
  17. 根据权利要求6-16任一项所述的发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理方法，其特征在于，所述去除UV处理尾气后的产物中的23nm的颗粒物的脱除率≥95％。
  18. 根据权利要求6-17任一项所述的发动机尾气中VOCs气体处理方法，其特征在于，所述去除UV处理尾气后的产物中的23nm的颗粒物的脱除率≥99.99％。
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