WO2020208159A1 - Contacteur à commutation bidirectionnel doté d'un pont de contact en forme de z - Google Patents

Contacteur à commutation bidirectionnel doté d'un pont de contact en forme de z Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020208159A1
WO2020208159A1 PCT/EP2020/060197 EP2020060197W WO2020208159A1 WO 2020208159 A1 WO2020208159 A1 WO 2020208159A1 EP 2020060197 W EP2020060197 W EP 2020060197W WO 2020208159 A1 WO2020208159 A1 WO 2020208159A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
contact
section
arc
field
switching
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2020/060197
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Korbinian KREUZPOINTER
Andrej Ignatov
Martin GESCHKE
Original Assignee
Schaltbau Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schaltbau Gmbh filed Critical Schaltbau Gmbh
Priority to EP20717871.6A priority Critical patent/EP3891773B1/fr
Publication of WO2020208159A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020208159A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/54—Contact arrangements
    • H01H50/546—Contact arrangements for contactors having bridging contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
    • H01H50/18—Movable parts of magnetic circuits, e.g. armature
    • H01H50/20—Movable parts of magnetic circuits, e.g. armature movable inside coil and substantially lengthwise with respect to axis thereof; movable coaxially with respect to coil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/02—Non-polarised relays
    • H01H51/04—Non-polarised relays with single armature; with single set of ganged armatures
    • H01H51/06—Armature is movable between two limit positions of rest and is moved in one direction due to energisation of an electromagnet and after the electromagnet is de-energised is returned by energy stored during the movement in the first direction, e.g. by using a spring, by using a permanent magnet, by gravity
    • H01H51/065—Relays having a pair of normally open contacts rigidly fixed to a magnetic core movable along the axis of a solenoid, e.g. relays for starting automobiles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/36—Metal parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/44—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet
    • H01H9/443—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet using permanent magnets

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a switching device for bidirectional operation according to the preamble of independent claim 1.
  • a generic switching device has a double break with a first contact point and a second contact point, an arc blowing device assigned to the contact points and an arc extinguishing device also assigned to the contact points, the switching device having a first fixed contact with a first contact surface, a second fixed contact with a second contact surface, and a contact bridge with a third contact surface and a fourth contact surface, wherein the first contact surface and the third contact surface form the first contact point, and wherein the second Victorflä surface and the fourth contact surface form the second contact point, wherein the arc blowing device for at least one first permanent magnet Generation of a first magnetic blowing field and a second magnetic blowing field, the first magnetic blowing field and the second magnetic blowing field being oriented in opposite directions, so that the magnet Field lines of the first blown field run opposite the magnetic field lines of the second magnetic field, the first contact point being arranged in the first blown field and the second contact point being arranged in the second blown field, so that both a first switching arc and a second switching arc
  • a switching device for example from WO 2013014281 A1.
  • the two switching arcs are blown into different sections of the arc extinguishing device or in different arc extinguishing devices.
  • the switching arc that is initially driven from the fixed contact of its origin to the other of the two fixed contacts must be passed through a recess in the contact bridge and then runs into a slightly smaller extinguishing area than the other of the two switching arcs.
  • the construction of the switching device is relatively expensive. Furthermore, a relatively large volume of construction is needed. It is the object of the present invention to provide a switching device of the generic type that is simple and compact and allows particularly high switching loads despite its compact size.
  • a switching device according to the preamble of independent claim 1 is then an inventive solution to the object when the first magnetic blow field and the second magnetic blow field are oriented in opposite directions such that the Magnetfeldli lines of the first blown field run directly opposite to the magnetic field lines of the second magnetic field, the first fixed contact having a first section with the first contact surface arranged within the first blowing field and a second section arranged within the second blowing field, and the second fixed contact having a arranged within the second blow field first section with the secondêtflä surface and a arranged within the first blow field second section, the first fixed contact, the second fixed contact and the contact bridge so freshlybil det and with respect to the the blower fields are arranged so that a base point of the first switching arc jumps from the contact bridge to the second section of that fixed contact to which the first switching arc is initially driven, so that the second switching arc is extinguished, the first switching arc subsequently due to the effect of the respective blowing field is blown
  • the solution according to the invention offers the advantage that the switching device is particularly compact and simple. Nevertheless, the switching device according to the invention is suitable for high switching loads.
  • the requirement that the magnetic field lines of the first blown field run directly opposite to the magnetic field lines of the second magnetic field is to be understood within the scope of the present invention that the magnetic field lines are not opposite in parallel directions but running opposite in the same line.
  • the first magnetic blown field is preferably mirror-symmetrical to the second magnetic blown field with respect to a central plane arranged between the blown fields.
  • the first switching arc which initially runs towards the other fixed contact and is driven through the two fixed contacts into the arc-extinguishing device, occurs either at the first contact point or at the second contact point, depending on the direction of the current.
  • first section of the first fixed contact is directly opposite the second section of the second fixed contact, the first section of the second fixed contact being directly opposite the second section of the first fixed contact. This favors the jump over the base of the first switching arc from the contact bridge to the second section of the opposite fixed contact.
  • the contact bridge has a planar shape.
  • the contact bridge preferably has a basic shape, the upper side of which is formed plane-parallel to the lower side.
  • the contact bridge can thus be produced in an inexpensive manner from a flat sheet metal, for example punched out of the sheet metal or cut out by means of water jet cutting, without the flat sheet having to be reshaped.
  • the planar shape of the contact bridge does not conflict with the fact that the contact surfaces can be formed by raised contact pills, which are soldered onto the contact bridge, for example, and have a height that is preferably significantly less than the material thickness of the contact bridge. At this point it should be mentioned that the contact surfaces of the fixed contacts can also be formed by such contact pills.
  • a first distance which is defined between the first section of one of the two fixed contacts and the opposite second section of the other of the two fixed contacts, a maximum of 2.5 times the value of a correspond to the second distance that exists when the contacts are open both between the first contact surface and the third contact surface and between the second contact surface and the fourth contact surface.
  • the first distance is preferably measured in a direction which is orthogonal to the alignment of the two blow fields and parallel to the contact bridge.
  • the first distance is the minimum distance between the first section of one of the two fixed contacts and the opposite second section of the other of the two fixed contacts.
  • the second distance is measured between the respective contact surfaces when the contacts are completely open.
  • the ratio between the first distance and the second distance is preferably in the range between 1.5 and 2.5. More preferably, the ratio between the first stand and the second distance is in the range between 1.8 and 2.2 and particularly preferably in Range between 1, 9 and 2.1. A value of 2 has proven to be particularly advantageous for the ratio between the first distance and the second distance.
  • the contact bridge has a first section which runs from the first section of the first fixed contact to the second section of the second fixed contact, the contact bridge also having a second section that extends from the first section of the second fixed contact runs towards the second section of the first fixed contact.
  • This embodiment also favors jumping over the switching arc.
  • the contact bridge also has a middle third section, which connects the first section of the contact bridge and the second section of the contact bridge and extends from the first blower field to the second blower field, the first section of the Contact bridge and the second section of the contact bridge are each angled from the middle third section.
  • first section of the contact bridge and the second section of the contact bridge protrude in opposite directions from the middle third section, the middle third section being oriented essentially parallel to the magnetic field lines of the first blown field and the second blown field.
  • essentially parallel is intended to mean a deviation of a maximum of 10 °, preferably a maximum of 5 °, and particularly preferably a maximum of 1 °.
  • the first section of the contact bridge and the second section of the contact bridge are essentially angled 90 ° from the central section of the contact bridge.
  • essentially a deviation of a maximum of 10 °, preferably a maximum of 5 °, and particularly preferably a maximum of 1 ° is understood.
  • the contact bridge thus has a Z-shape or S-shape. It is also advantageous if all three sections of the contact bridge run in one plane.
  • the contact bridge can also have other shapes.
  • a sharp edge is understood to mean an edge with a radius of at most 0.5 mm, preferably at most 0.2 mm, more preferably at most 0.1 mm.
  • the contact bridge at the point at which a base point of the second switching arc should stop before the second switching arc extinguishes a sharp edge between tween the top of the contact bridge and a front or Has the longitudinal side of the contact bridge.
  • This embodiment has the effect that the second switching arc is effectively prevented from migrating on to the longitudinal or front side of the contact bridge. This slows down his movement.
  • the above definition of a sharp edge also applies to this embodiment.
  • At least two magnets are provided for generating the two magnetic blowing fields, namely at least one first magnet for generating the first magnetic blowing field and at least one second magnet for generating the second magnetic blowing field.
  • a compact, light and inexpensive design contributes if the magnets are more preferably permanent magnets.
  • the arc blowing device has a first lateral pole plate, a second lateral pole plate and a central pole plate arranged in between, the first permanent magnet being assigned to the first lateral pole plate, the second lateral pole plate a second permanent magnet is assigned, and wherein the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are oppositely polarized, so that the first blown field is spanned between the first lateral pole plate and the central pole plate, and the second blown field between the second lateral pole plate and the central pole plate.
  • This embodiment ensures precise alignment of the two magnetic bubbles while at the same time having a compact and simple design of the switching device.
  • pole plates or pole plate sets and further permanent magnets can be provided, in particular special to build up several locally limited areas of the two blown fields.
  • the pole plates, in particular the middle pole plate are further preferably surrounded by insulation so that the switching arcs cannot jump over to the pole plates and thereby damage the pole plates.
  • the permanent magnets can also be surrounded by insulation. Isolation can be from a suitable Made of plastic or ceramic. Suitable plastics are preferably high temperature resistant. Ceramic has the advantage that it can withstand even the highest temperatures for a long time without damage.
  • the contact bridge and the arc extinguishing device are arranged on opposite sides of the two fixed contacts.
  • the contact bridge is located on the side that has the first contact surface or the second contact surface.
  • the arc extinguishing device is thus on the opposite side.
  • the switching device has a first arc guide plate, a second arc guide plate, a third arc guide plate and a fourth arc guide plate, the first arc guide plate extending from the first section of the first fixed contact to the arc extinguishing device, with The second arc guide plate extends from the second section of the first fixed contact to the arc extinguishing device, the third arc guide plate extending from the first section of the second fixed contact to the arc extinguishing device, and the fourth arc guide plate extending from the second section of the second fixed contact to the arc extinguishing device.
  • the switching arc to be extinguished is reliably and safely conducted into the arc extinguishing device.
  • the first arc guide plate and the fourth arc guide plate preferably diverge.
  • the same preferably also applies to the pairing of the second arc guide plate and the third arc guide plate.
  • the Lichtbo genleitbleche can further preferably be manufactured separately and also preferably have a smaller material thickness than the fixed contacts.
  • the arc guide plates can alternatively be part of the fixed contacts or be formed by them.
  • the arc guide plates can, for example, be welded, screwed or otherwise electrically connected to the fixed contacts with the fixed contacts.
  • the middle pole plate is arranged according to the embodiment mentioned above between the first arc guide plate and the second arc guide plate and between the third arc guide plate and the fourth arc guide plate.
  • the ratio between a length of the contact bridge measured parallel to the alignment of the two blow fields and the first distance between the two fixed contacts measured orthogonally thereto is at least 1.2. This embodiment helps ensure that the two switching arcs do not unite with one another.
  • the arc extinguishing chamber comprises only a single set of extinguishing elements for both exit areas of the two magnetic blowing fields.
  • An inner envelope curve of the extinguishing elements is preferably based on the curvature of the switching arc when it enters the extinguishing elements. This results in an optimal extinguishing of the switching arc.
  • the extinguishing elements can be manufactured as separate components or can also be implemented by means of corresponding housing contours or projections.
  • the invention is particularly suitable for an electrical contactor.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a switching device according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows the perspective view of the switching device according to the invention from FIG. 1 with the housing partially removed
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show a detailed view of the two fixed contacts and the contact bridge of the switching device according to the invention from FIGS. 1 and 2 obliquely from below with the arc guide plates leading to the arc extinguishing device and the extinguishing elements of the arc extinguishing device,
  • Figure 4 shows a further detailed view of the two fixed contacts and the contact bridge of the switching device according to the invention in a perspective view with permanent magnets and pole plates for generating the two magnetic blowing fields
  • FIG. 5 shows the illustration from FIG. 4 without showing the foremost of the three in total
  • Figure 6 is a bottom view of the components shown in Figure 4,
  • FIG. 7 shows a further view of the components shown in FIGS. 4 and 6 obliquely from above
  • FIG. 8 shows the illustration from FIG. 5 with additionally shown insulation of the central pole plate
  • FIG. 9 shows the view from FIG. 3 somewhat enlarged and without showing the extinguishing elements of the arc extinguishing device.
  • Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a switching device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the switching device is a bidirectional switching contactor.
  • FIG. 2 shows the same view of the electrical switching device 1, the front housing half 29 not being shown in FIG.
  • a contact bridge 11 is arranged under the two fixed contacts 5 and 6, which via an electromagnetic drive 4 moves from an open position in which there is no contact between the contact bridge 11 and the two fixed contacts 5 and 6, can be converted into a closed Stel development, in which the contact bridge 11 electrically connects the two fixed contacts 5 and 6 to one another.
  • Figure 3 shows a detailed view of the two fixed contacts 5 and 6 and the contact bridge 11 from obliquely below.
  • the first fixed contact 5 has a first contact surface 7, the second fixed contact 6 having a second contact surface 8.
  • a third contact surface 9 and a fourth contact surface 10 are located on the contact bridge 11.
  • the pairing of the first contact surface 7 and the third contact surface 9 forms a first contact point of the double interruption
  • the second pairing of the second contact surface surface 8 and fourth contact surface 10 forms the second contact point.
  • the two fixed contacts 5 and 6 are each Y-shaped or fork-shaped leads.
  • the first fixed contact thus has a first section 17, on which the first contact surface 7 is located, and a second section 18 running parallel thereto.
  • the second fixed contact 6 likewise has a first section 19, on which the second contact surface 8 is located, as well as a second section 20 running parallel thereto.
  • the contact bridge 11 has a flat shape and can thus be manufactured from flat sheet metal in a cost-effective manner.
  • a first distance A which is defined between the first section of one of the two fixed contacts and the respective opposite second section of the other of the two fixed contacts, may not exceed 2.5 times the value of a second distance B, which when the contacts are open between the first contact surface 7 and the third contact surface 9 as well as between the second contact surface 8 and the fourth contact surface 10 exists.
  • the figures are merely schematic in nature and that the second distance B is measured with the contacts fully open, which is why the required ratio between the first distance A and the second distance B cannot necessarily be derived from FIG .
  • the arc blowing device has a first lateral pole plate 31, a second lateral pole plate 32 and a middle pole plate 33 arranged between them, the first lateral pole plate being assigned two first permanent magnets 13, and the second lateral pole plate being assigned two second permanent magnets 14 .
  • the permanent magnets are located between the associated lateral pole plate and the central pole plate.
  • a magnetic return between the pole plates is achieved by additional iron cores 12.
  • the iron cores 12, however, are not absolutely necessary, especially when permanent magnets are used that extend over the entire distance between the central pole plate and the respective outer pole plate.
  • the two first permanent magnets 13 are polarized opposite to the two second permanent magnets 14, so that between the first pole plate 31 and the central pole plate 33 there is a first magnetic blowing field, which is oriented opposite to a second magnetic blowing field between the second lateral one Pole plate 32 and the middle pole plate 33 is built. How As shown in FIG. 7, the magnetic field lines 38 of the first blown field run directly opposite to the magnetic field lines 39 of the second magnetic blown field.
  • FIG. 8 shows that the insulation of the central pole plate 33 consists of two insulation halves 27 and 28, which simultaneously form a holder for the extinguishing elements 3 of the arc extinguishing device 2.
  • FIGS. 4 to 8 show that the first section 17 of the first fixed contact 5 and the second section 20 of the second fixed contact 6 are arranged within the first blown field.
  • FIG. 6 shows that the contact bridge 11 is Z-shaped and has a central section 23, which extends from the first blown field to the second blown field and is oriented essentially parallel to the magnetic field lines of the two blown fields, like two in 90 ° angle therefrom has portions 21 and 22 protruding.
  • the third contact surface 9 is located on the first section 21, the fourth contact surface 10 is located on the second section 22.
  • FIG. 9 shows the operating principle of the switching device according to the invention.
  • two switching arcs occur, in the case of the current direction in the illustrated case, these are a first switching arc 15 at the first contact point and a second switching arc 16 at the second contact point. Since the two contact points are each located in one of the oppositely oriented magnetic blown fields, the two switching arcs 15 and 16 are initially blown away in the same direction from the respective contact point. In the case shown, both switching arcs 15 and 16 initially move to the right.
  • the positions of the two switching arcs reached in sequence are represented by the reference symbol sequences 15, 15 ', 15 ", 15'", 15 "" and 16, 16 ', 16 ".
  • the switching arc 15 runs towards the second section 20 of the second fixed contact 6. Due to the inventive design of the contact bridge 11, the foot point of the first switching arc 15 existing on the contact bridge 11 jumps over to the second section 20 of the second fixed contact 6 after a short time (position 15 ""). The second switching arc 16 is thereby extinguished. The first switching arc 15 is subsequently blown between the two fixed contacts 5 and 6 into the arc extinguishing device 2 due to the effect of the first blower field. On the way there, it is stretched by the two arc guide plates 34 and 37.
  • the first switching arc 15 does not occur at the first contact point but at the second contact point. In this case, both switching arcs initially move to the left. After commutation of the first switching arc from the contact bridge 11 to the second section 18 of the first fixed contact 5, the second switching arc extinguishes at the first contact point. The switching arc 15 is subsequently driven into the arc extinguishing device 2 due to the effect of the second magnetic blown field. On the way there, it is stretched in this case by the pairing of the two arc guide plates 35 and 36.
  • the contact bridge 11 has a sharp edge 24 between the top of the contact bridge and a longitudinal side 26 of the contact bridge at the point at which the switching arc should jump to the opposite fixed contact.
  • the sharp edge prevents the base point of the switching arc from moving further to the longitudinal side 26.
  • the contact bridge 11 at the point at which a foot point of the second switching arc 16 is to stop before the second switching arc 16 is extinguished also a sharp edge between the top 25 of the contact bridge 11 and an end or longitudinal side of the Has contact bridge 11.
  • the second switching arc 16 is effectively braked in its movement consider.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un commutateur pour un fonctionnement bidirectionnel comprenant un premier contact fixe, un deuxième contact fixe et un pont de contact. Selon l'invention, un premier champ magnétique de jet et un deuxième champ magnétique de jet sont orientés de manière opposée de telle sorte que les lignes de champ magnétique du premier champ de jet sont directement opposées aux lignes de champ magnétique du deuxième champ magnétique, le premier contact fixe présentant une première partie disposée à l'intérieur du premier champ de jet doté d'une première surface de contact et une deuxième partie disposée à l'intérieur du deuxième champ de jet, et le deuxième contact fixe présentant une première partie disposée à l'intérieur du deuxième champ de jet doté d'une deuxième surface de contact et une deuxième partie disposée à l'intérieur du premier champ de jet, le premier contact fixe, le deuxième contact fixe et le pont de contact étant conçus et disposés par rapport aux deux champs de jet de telle manière qu'une base d'un premier arc de commutation saute du pont de contact à la deuxième partie du contact fixe sur lequel le premier arc de commutation est d'abord dirigé, de sorte qu'un deuxième arc de commutation créé à cet endroit s'éteigne, le premier arc de commutation étant projeté entre les deux contacts fixes dans un dispositif d'extinction d'arc en raison de l'effet du champ de jet respectif.
PCT/EP2020/060197 2019-04-09 2020-04-09 Contacteur à commutation bidirectionnel doté d'un pont de contact en forme de z WO2020208159A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20717871.6A EP3891773B1 (fr) 2019-04-09 2020-04-09 Contacteur à commutation bidirectionnel doté d'un pont de contact en forme de z

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019109257.4 2019-04-09
DE102019109257 2019-04-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2020208159A1 true WO2020208159A1 (fr) 2020-10-15

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2020/060197 WO2020208159A1 (fr) 2019-04-09 2020-04-09 Contacteur à commutation bidirectionnel doté d'un pont de contact en forme de z

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EP (1) EP3891773B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2020208159A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2551867A1 (fr) * 2011-07-28 2013-01-30 Eaton Industries GmbH Protection pour courant continu
EP2975625A1 (fr) * 2014-07-11 2016-01-20 LSIS Co., Ltd. Relais
EP3048626A1 (fr) * 2015-01-22 2016-07-27 Schaltbau GmbH Appareil de commutation avec soufflage d'arc par aimant permanent

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2551867A1 (fr) * 2011-07-28 2013-01-30 Eaton Industries GmbH Protection pour courant continu
WO2013014281A1 (fr) 2011-07-28 2013-01-31 Eaton Electrical Ip Gmbh & Co. Kg Protection pour fonctionnement en courant continu
EP2975625A1 (fr) * 2014-07-11 2016-01-20 LSIS Co., Ltd. Relais
EP3048626A1 (fr) * 2015-01-22 2016-07-27 Schaltbau GmbH Appareil de commutation avec soufflage d'arc par aimant permanent

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3891773B1 (fr) 2022-01-26
EP3891773A1 (fr) 2021-10-13

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