WO2020204577A1 - 연료전지 기반 전기차 충전 시스템 - Google Patents
연료전지 기반 전기차 충전 시스템 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2020204577A1 WO2020204577A1 PCT/KR2020/004408 KR2020004408W WO2020204577A1 WO 2020204577 A1 WO2020204577 A1 WO 2020204577A1 KR 2020004408 W KR2020004408 W KR 2020004408W WO 2020204577 A1 WO2020204577 A1 WO 2020204577A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- control unit
- unit
- charging
- electric vehicle
- Prior art date
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/70—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by fuel cells
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
- B60L53/24—Using the vehicle's propulsion converter for charging
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
- B60L53/66—Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
- B60L53/665—Methods related to measuring, billing or payment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/40—DC to AC converters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
- B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
- B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fuel cell-based electric vehicle charging system, and more specifically, to a fuel cell-based electric vehicle charging system for efficiently using energy generated from a fuel cell.
- a fuel cell is a device that generates electric energy by electrochemically reacting fuel and an oxidizing agent. This chemical reaction is carried out by the catalyst in the catalyst bed, and in general, power generation is possible as long as fuel is continuously supplied.
- Hydrogen fuel cells use hydrogen as a fuel and oxygen as an oxidizing agent, and in addition, hydrocarbons, alcohols, etc. may be used as fuels, and air, chlorine, and chlorine dioxide as an oxidizing agent.
- the power generation efficiency of a fuel cell is very high, about 40-60%, and up to 85% of the total fuel can be converted into energy by using the exhaust heat from the reaction process.
- various fuels such as natural gas, methanol, LPG (liquefied petroleum gas, propane gas), naphtha, kerosene, and gasified coal can be used.
- LPG liquefied petroleum gas, propane gas
- naphtha kerosene
- gasified coal since it does not burn fuel, it can contribute to environmental protection.
- fuel cells can be used in various fields such as demand response business, distributed resource integration service business, electric vehicle charging business, and energy storage business. Therefore, there is a need for a system capable of efficiently utilizing a fuel cell.
- Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1813231 discloses a technology for a "fuel cell system for charging electric vehicle batteries”.
- the present invention relates to a fuel cell-based electric vehicle charging system, and specifically, to provide a fuel cell-based electric vehicle charging system for efficiently using energy generated from a fuel cell.
- the fuel cell-based electric vehicle charging system of the present invention comprises: a fuel cell unit for generating direct current electricity by electrochemically reacting a fuel and an oxidizing agent; And a control unit for controlling the fuel cell unit.
- a plurality of fuel cell units are provided and connected in parallel, and the plurality of fuel cell units may be provided in the type of two or more fuel cells among PAFC, SOFC, MCFC, and PEMFC. .
- the control unit includes an integrated control unit that calculates a command for power generation status and power generation amount for each fuel cell type, and receives the command from the integrated control unit and receives the command according to the command value.
- a power generation control unit that controls the fuel cell unit, and data in which an electric energy demand amount, a thermal energy demand amount, and a value of the amount of thermal energy produced by the fuel cell per electric energy produced by the fuel cell for each type of the fuel cell are stored It may include a storage unit.
- the command calculated by the integrated control unit of the fuel cell-based electric vehicle charging system of the present invention is the amount of electric energy demand, the amount of heat energy demand, and the heat energy produced by the fuel cell per electric energy produced by the fuel cell for each type of the fuel cell. It may be calculated based on the positive value of.
- the fuel cell-based electric vehicle charging system of the present invention can maximize the efficiency of energy use by effectively utilizing heat energy additionally produced in addition to direct current electricity produced from the fuel cell.
- the fuel cell-based electric vehicle charging system of the present nickname can generate high-efficiency energy and respond to load fluctuations with excellent load tracking.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a fuel cell-based electric vehicle charging system of the present invention.
- FIGS. 2 to 4 are block diagrams showing various embodiments of the fuel cell-based electric vehicle charging system of the present invention.
- 5 is a block diagram showing the control unit.
- the fuel cell-based electric vehicle charging system of the present invention comprises: a fuel cell unit for generating direct current electricity by electrochemically reacting a fuel and an oxidizing agent; And a control unit for controlling the fuel cell unit.
- a plurality of fuel cell units are provided and connected in parallel, and the plurality of fuel cell units may be provided in the type of two or more fuel cells among PAFC, SOFC, MCFC, and PEMFC. .
- the control unit includes an integrated control unit that calculates a command for power generation status and power generation amount for each fuel cell type, and receives the command from the integrated control unit and receives the command according to the command value.
- a power generation control unit that controls the fuel cell unit, and data in which an electric energy demand amount, a thermal energy demand amount, and a value of the amount of thermal energy produced by the fuel cell per electric energy produced by the fuel cell for each type of the fuel cell are stored It may include a storage unit.
- the command calculated by the integrated control unit of the fuel cell-based electric vehicle charging system of the present invention is the amount of electric energy demand, the amount of heat energy demand, and the heat energy produced by the fuel cell per electric energy produced by the fuel cell for each type of the fuel cell. It may be calculated based on the positive value of.
- the fuel cell-based electric vehicle charging system of the present invention includes: a DC output control unit for receiving the DC electricity generated from the fuel cell unit and adjusting the output of the DC electricity; A charging unit for charging an electric vehicle by receiving DC electricity output from the DC output control unit; And a DC-AC conversion unit for converting DC electricity generated from the fuel cell unit into AC and outputting it to an external power grid system, wherein the control unit includes the fuel cell unit, the DC output control unit, and the charging unit. And controlling at least one of the DC-AC conversion units.
- the DC output control unit and the DC-AC conversion unit may be connected in parallel to the DC electric output terminal of the fuel cell unit.
- control unit preferentially distributes the charging power required by the charging unit from the production power produced by the fuel cell unit to the DC output control unit, and the charging from the production power It may be to distribute the residual power obtained by subtracting power to the DC-AC conversion unit.
- the fuel cell unit includes a first fuel cell and a second fuel cell
- the integrated control unit receives an electric load value from the charging unit while the first fuel cell is generating power.
- the second fuel cell may be generated together with the first fuel cell.
- the type of the first fuel cell may include at least one of SOFC, MCFC, and PAFC
- the type of the second fuel cell may include at least one of PAFC and PEMFC.
- the power generation temperature of the second fuel cell may be lower than the power generation temperature of the first fuel cell.
- control unit controls the DC output control unit, and the control unit receives charging condition information and outputs DC electricity from the DC output control unit based on the charging condition information. It may be to control the voltage value of.
- the charging condition information may include one or more of a battery type, a vehicle type, a charging amount, and a charging cost.
- 1 is a block diagram showing a fuel cell-based electric vehicle charging system of the present invention.
- 2 to 4 are block diagrams showing various embodiments of the fuel cell-based electric vehicle charging system of the present invention.
- 5 is a block diagram showing the control unit.
- the fuel cell-based electric vehicle charging system of the present invention may be a charging system for the electric vehicle 20 using the fuel cell 10 as a main power supply source, not the commercial power of AC electricity.
- a process of converting AC electricity into DC electricity may be required.
- the charging time of the battery of the electric vehicle 20 including the process of converting AC power of commercial power to DC may usually take about 4 to 5 hours.
- energy loss may occur in the process of converting AC to DC, and an additional charge may be imposed on the user depending on the time of use.
- the fuel cell-based electric vehicle charging system of the present invention supplies direct current to the electric vehicle 20 with DC electricity produced by the fuel cell 10, so that rapid charging is easy and unnecessary power loss can be prevented. Specifically, when the electric vehicle 20 is directly charged with DC electricity without the AC-DC conversion process, it can be fully charged in about 30 minutes, and by adjusting the voltage of the DC electricity, quick charging may be possible.
- the fuel cell-based electric vehicle charging system of the present invention is a fuel cell unit 100 that generates DC electricity by electrochemically reacting fuel and an oxidizing agent, and DC electricity generated from the fuel cell unit 100
- a DC output control unit 200 that receives input and controls the output of DC electricity
- a charging unit 400 that receives DC electricity output from the DC output control unit 200 and charges the electric vehicle 20
- a fuel cell unit Including a DC-AC conversion unit 300 that converts DC electricity generated from 100) into AC and outputs it to an external power grid 30 system, and includes a fuel cell unit 100, a DC output control unit 200 and a DC- A control unit 500 for controlling one or more of the AC conversion units 300 may be further provided.
- the fuel cell unit 100 includes a fuel cell 10 that generates DC electricity by electrochemically reacting a fuel and an oxidizing agent, and the fuel cell 10 may be PAFC, SOFC, MCFC, PEMFC, or the like.
- the fuel cell 10 may generate thermal energy together with electrical energy.
- the fuel cell-based electric vehicle charging system of the present invention may recover and use not only electric energy produced by the fuel cell 10 but also thermal energy.
- PAFC phosphoric acid fuel cell
- the electrode is made of carbon paper and uses a platinum catalyst. Electrical efficiency is about 40%, thermal energy efficiency is 45%, power generation temperature is about 150 to 200°C, and the total efficiency is about 85% when the generated heat and power are combined.
- SOFC solid oxide fuel cell
- SOFC solid oxide fuel cell
- the power generation temperature of SOFC operates at about 700 to 1000°C, which is the highest temperature among the existing fuel cells 10. Since all components are made of solid, the structure is simpler than that of other fuel cells 10, and there is no problem of loss of electrolyte, replenishment, and corrosion.
- a typical SOFC consists of an oxygen ion conductive electrolyte, an air electrode (cathode) and a fuel electrode (cathode, anode) located on both sides.
- Oxygen ions generated by the reduction reaction of oxygen from the cathode move to the anode through the electrolyte and react with the hydrogen supplied to the anode to generate water. At this time, electrons are generated at the anode and electrons are consumed at the cathode. Connected to generate current.
- the electrical efficiency ranges from 55% to 60%.
- the MCFC molten carbonate fuel cell
- Power generation temperature is about 600 to 700 °C, it can be operated at high temperature.
- the electrical efficiency is 45%, the thermal efficiency is 25%, and the overall efficiency is about 70%.
- PEMFC polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell
- PEMFC polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell
- the fuel cell 10 exists in various types such as PAFC, SOFC, MCFC, and PEMFC, and the power generation temperature, electrical efficiency, and thermal efficiency of the fuel cell 10 may vary according to each type.
- the fuel cell-based electric vehicle charging system of the present invention efficiently controls the production ratio of heat and electricity by combining various fuel cell 10 types, and can perform an optimal load following operation in consideration of the generation temperature.
- the power generation temperature may be an operating temperature at which the fuel cell 10 generates power. That is, the fuel cell-based electric vehicle charging system of the present invention can maximize the efficiency of energy use by effectively utilizing heat energy additionally produced in addition to direct current electricity produced by the fuel cell 10.
- the fuel cell unit 100 includes a plurality of fuel cells 10, and the plurality of fuel cells 10 may be provided with two or more types of fuel cells 10.
- the fuel cell unit 100 may include two or more types of fuel cells 10 among PAFC, SOFC, MCFC, and PEMFC. That is, the fuel cell unit 100 may be composed of various types of fuel cells 10.
- the DC output control unit 200 receives DC electricity produced by the fuel cell unit 100 and adjusts the voltage of the DC electricity to the voltage value required by the charging unit 400, and the voltage value is adjusted by the charging unit 400.
- DC electricity can be output.
- the DC output control unit 200 may be a DC/DC converter.
- the DC-AC conversion unit 300 may convert DC electricity produced by the fuel cell unit 100 into an AC type required by the external power grid 30 system using AC and output it to the external power grid 30 system. .
- the DC output control unit 200 and the DC-AC conversion unit 300 may be connected in parallel to the DC electric output terminal of the fuel cell unit 100.
- the DC electricity produced by the fuel cell unit 100 may be distributed and transmitted to the DC output control unit 200 and the DC-AC conversion unit 300.
- the power produced by the fuel cell unit 100 is the DC output control unit 200, and the charging power required by the charging unit 400 is preferentially distributed, and the remaining power obtained by subtracting the charging power from the production power is It may be distributed to the DC-AC conversion unit 300.
- the produced power may mean an amount of electricity produced by the fuel cell unit 100.
- the charging power is power for charging the electric vehicle, and may be a measured electric load value measured by the charging unit 400 or a predicted value calculated from a target charging value. That is, the fuel cell-based electric vehicle charging system of the present invention prioritizes charging the electric vehicle 20, and may charge the electric vehicle 20 and transmit the remaining electricity to the external power grid 30 to be sold or used.
- the DC output control unit 200 and the DC-AC conversion unit 300 are Each battery 10 may be provided individually.
- the DC electricity output from each DC output control unit 200 may be summed and transmitted to the charging unit 400.
- the AC electricity output from each DC-AC conversion unit 300 may also be summed and transmitted to the external power grid 30.
- the voltage values of the DC electricity output from each DC output control unit 200 are the same, and the voltage value and the phase value of the AC electricity output from each DC-AC conversion unit 300 may be the same. have.
- the voltage values of the DC electricity output from the plurality of DC output control units 200 may be the same, and the voltage values and phase values of the AC electricity output from the plurality of DC-AC conversion units 300 are the same. can do.
- the command values for the voltage of the DC electricity output from the DC output control unit 200 and the voltage and phase of the AC electricity output from the DC-AC conversion unit 300 are transmitted to the integrated control unit 530 provided in the control unit 500.
- Can be created by The generated command value is transferred to the DC output control unit 200 or the DC-AC conversion unit 300, and the DC output control unit 200 or the DC-AC conversion unit 300 generates electricity with the voltage or phase of the command value. Can be printed.
- the DC output unit or the DC-AC unit may perform a function of converting the voltage value of the input electricity into an output terminal, that is, a voltage required by the charging unit 400 or the external power grid 30.
- the charging unit 400 may be provided in plural, and the DC output control unit 200 is an input terminal of the charging unit 400 for each charging unit 400 or It can be provided at the output stage. That is, the charging unit 400 and the DC output control unit 200 may be provided in pairs.
- the magnitude of the voltage of DC electricity input to the electric vehicle 20 may be related to the charging speed. That is, by adjusting the voltage level of electricity when charging the electric vehicle 20, it may be possible to select rapid charging and slow charging.
- the charging unit 400 may include an EV (electronic vehicle) dispenser that mechanically couples a charging terminal provided in the electric vehicle 20 to an electric cable for electrical connection. That is, the charging unit 400 may be for direct electrical connection between the electric vehicle 20 and the fuel-electric electric vehicle 20 charging system of the present invention.
- the EV dispenser includes a charging cable, and can be easily electrically connected to the electric vehicle 20 of various standards.
- a sensor is provided in the charging unit 400, and the sensor installed in the charging unit 400 measures one or more information of the vehicle type of the electric vehicle 20, the type of the battery of the electric vehicle 20, the capacity of the battery, and the charging state of the battery. I can.
- the control unit 500 includes an input unit 510 for inputting charging condition information, a data storage unit 520 for storing charging condition information and fuel cell 10 information, and each of the An integrated control unit 530 that calculates a command on whether or not to generate power for each fuel cell 10 type, and a power generation control unit 540 that receives a command from the integrated control unit 530 and controls the fuel cell 10 according to the command value. ) Can be included.
- the input unit 510 may input charging condition information, electric energy demand, and thermal energy demand.
- the charging condition information may include a vehicle type of the electric vehicle 20 to be charged, a battery type, a charging capacity of a battery, a current charging amount, a charging cost, a charging time, and the like.
- the electric energy demand or heat energy demand may be a direct value input through the input unit 510 or an indirect value calculated based on other information.
- the electric energy demand is calculated based on one or more of information of the vehicle type, battery type, battery charging capacity, current charging amount, charging cost, and charging time of the electric vehicle 20 to be charged, or the charging unit ( 400) or the external power grid 30 may measure an electrical energy load through a sensor, or may be information obtained by being directly input by a user through an input device.
- the amount of heat energy demand can be obtained through calculation, sensing, and input.
- the amount of charge may mean how much electricity is to be charged to the battery of the electric vehicle 20.
- the charging cost may mean a cost that the user wants to pay for charging the electric vehicle 20.
- the charging time is a time used for charging, and may be input as a numerical value, or may be selected and input between fast and slow charging.
- the amount of heat energy demand may be determined by the amount of heat for cooling/heating and hot water supply for surrounding buildings and communities.
- the input unit 510 may include an active input unit for directly inputting a value by a user, and a passive input unit for automatically inputting a value using a sensor device. Charging condition information may be input to the active input unit as a direct numerical value or value using an input device such as a keypad or a touch pad.
- the passiv input unit may collect information through actual measurement using a meter, an optical sensor, a camera sensor, or a scanner.
- the data storage unit 520 may be a memory device. Charging condition information, electric energy demand, thermal energy demand, and fuel cell 10 information may be input to the data storage unit 520.
- the data storage unit 520 may store fuel cell 10 information for each fuel cell 10 type. That is, the fuel cell 10 information may be stored for each type of fuel cell 10 such as PAFC, SOFC, MCFC, and PEMFC.
- the fuel cell 10 information may be a power generation temperature, power generation efficiency, heat production efficiency, and a value of an amount of heat energy produced by the fuel cell 10 per electric energy produced by the fuel cell 10.
- the integrated control unit 530 may calculate a command for power generation or not and an amount of power generation for each fuel cell 10 type.
- the integrated control unit 530 may be configured to provide a thermal energy generated by the fuel cell 10 per electric energy generated by the fuel cell 10 for each type of electric energy demand, thermal energy demand, and fuel cell 10 Based on the positive value of, a command for power generation or power generation for each of the plurality of fuel cells 10 may be calculated.
- the integrated control unit 530 may be to activate power generation by selecting some of the plurality of fuel cells 10 based on the electric energy demand and the thermal energy demand.
- the integrated control unit 530 may determine which of the types of fuel cells 10 to generate power to or at a operating rate based on the electric energy demand and the thermal energy demand. That is, the integrated control unit 530 may select and activate some of the types of the plurality of fuel cells 10 based on the electric energy demand and the thermal energy demand.
- the integrated control unit 530 selects which fuel cell 10 to generate power from among the plurality of fuel cells 10, calculates a power generation amount for how to operate the selected fuel cell 10, and calculates the calculated command value. It may be transmitted to the power generation control unit 540 that controls the fuel cell 10. Specifically, the integrated control unit 530 calculates a value for the amount of electric power and the amount of heat energy of direct current to be produced by the fuel cell unit 100 based on the electric energy demand and the heat energy demand, and the ratio of the electric energy and the heat quantity It is possible to select the fuel cell 10 to be operated in consideration of.
- the ratio of power and heat to be produced is 10 to 3
- the amount of heat is excessive or insufficient when the target power is produced by a single fuel cell (10) with a power and heat production ratio of 5 to 2 or 5 to 1.
- the fuel cell 10 with a production ratio of 5 to 2 and the fuel cell 10 with a production ratio of 5 to 1 are combined and operated at an appropriate operation rate, it is possible to accurately produce a power and heat ratio of 10 to 3.
- Thermal energy produced by the fuel cell 10 may be stored in a separate thermal energy storage unit.
- the thermal energy storage unit may be a heat storage tank or the like. That is, heat energy is discharged from the fuel cell in the form of hot water and can be stored in a heat storage tank.
- the integrated control unit 530 receives the electric load value from the charging unit 400 while the first fuel cell is generating power.
- the second fuel cell may be generated together with the first fuel cell.
- the first fuel cell may be a fuel cell 10 that always performs power generation with a basic value. In this state, when a DC electricity request amount exceeding the power generation amount of the first fuel cell is input from the charging unit 400, a second fuel cell separately provided for fast load tracking may be operated to produce insufficient electricity.
- Fuel cells 10 such as SOFC and MCFC have excellent power generation efficiency, but because the power generation temperature is high, the loading time for preparing for power generation is longer than that of PEMFC where the power generation temperature is room temperature. PEMFC is less efficient in power generation than SOFC and MCFC, but the time to prepare for power generation is shorter. In addition, it may be inefficient that the activation and deactivation of the fuel cell 10 having a high power generation temperature such as SOFC or MCFC are frequently repeated. Accordingly, SOFC, MCFC, and PAFC type fuel cells 10 may be used as a constant power source, and PAFC and PEMFC type fuel cells 10 may be used as a power source for fast power compensation due to load fluctuations.
- the first fuel cell type includes one or more of SOFC, MCFC, and PAFC
- the second fuel cell type includes one or more of PAFC and PEMFC
- the power generation temperature of the second fuel cell is the first fuel cell. It may be lower than the power generation temperature of.
- the power generation control unit 540 may be provided in a plurality in pairs in each of the plurality of fuel cells 10. That is, the power generation control unit 540 may be assigned one per fuel cell 10.
- the integrated control unit 530 transmits a command to the power generation control unit 540 of the fuel cell 10 to be operated in order to control the fuel cell 10 that needs to be operated, and the power generation control unit 540 Power generation of the fuel cell 10 can be controlled. That is, the power generation control unit 540 may receive a command from the integrated control unit 530 and control the fuel cell 10 according to the command value.
- the integrated control unit 530 may control a ratio of DC electricity input to the DC output control unit 200 and the DC-AC conversion unit 300. Specifically, the integrated control unit 530 preferentially distributes the charging power required by the charging unit 400 from the production power produced by the fuel cell unit 100 to the DC output control unit 200, and charges from the production power. The residual power obtained by subtracting the power may be distributed to the DC-AC conversion unit 300. That is, the fuel cell-based electric vehicle charging system of the present invention continuously produces a certain amount of electricity in the fuel cell unit 100, charges the electric vehicle 20 from the amount of electricity produced, and delivers the remaining electricity to the external power grid 30 for sale. Or can be used.
- the integrated control unit 530 may receive charging condition information from the input unit 510 and control a voltage value of DC electricity output from the DC output control unit 200 based on the charging condition information.
- the charging condition information input to the input unit 510 includes one or more of a battery type, a vehicle type, a charge amount, and a charging cost, and may be input to the integrated control unit 530 through the input unit 510.
- the integrated control unit 530 may determine whether to rapidly charge based on the charging condition information, and adjust the output voltage value of the DC output control unit 200 according to the determined result.
- the voltage value for fast charging is proportional to the amount of charge, and is the charging time and charging time t, and when the voltage value is V It can be a relationship of.
- the fuel cell-based electric vehicle charging system of the present invention can maximize the efficiency of energy use by effectively utilizing heat energy additionally produced in addition to direct current electricity produced from the fuel cell.
- the fuel cell-based electric vehicle charging system of the present nickname can generate high-efficiency energy and respond to load fluctuations with excellent load tracking.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (9)
- 연료와 산화제를 전기화학적으로 반응시켜 직류 전기를 발생시키는 연료전지 유니트; 및상기 연료전지 유니트를 제어하는 제어 유니트;를 포함하고,상기 연료전지 유니트는 복수로 마련되어 서로 병렬로 연결되며,복수의 상기 연료전지 유니트는 PAFC, SOFC, MCFC, PEMFC 중 둘 이상의 연료전지의 타입으로 마련되고,상기 제어 유니트는 각각의 상기 연료전지 타입별로 발전 여부 및 발전량에 대한 지령을 산출하는 통합 제어부와, 상기 통합 제어부로부터 상기 지령을 전달받아 상기 지령 값에 따라 상기 연료전지 유니트를 제어하는 발전 제어부와, 전기 에너지 수요량, 열 에너지 수요량, 및 상기 연료전지의 타입별로 상기 연료전지에서 생산되는 전기 에너지 당 상기 연료전지에서 생산되는 열 에너지의 양의 값이 저장되는 데이터 저장부를 포함하며,상기 통합 제어부에서 산출하는 상기 지령은 전기 에너지 수요량, 열 에너지 수요량, 및 상기 연료전지의 타입별로 상기 연료전지에서 생산되는 전기 에너지 당 상기 연료전지에서 생산되는 열 에너지의 양의 값을 근거로 산출하는 것인 연료전지 기반 전기차 충전 시스템.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 연료전지 유니트에서 발생된 상기 직류 전기를 입력받아 상기 직류 전기의 출력을 조절하는 직류출력조절 유니트;상기 직류출력조절 유니트에서 출력된 직류 전기를 입력받아 전기차를 충전하는 충전 유니트; 및상기 연료전지 유니트에서 발생된 직류 전기를 교류로 전환하여 외부 전력망 시스템으로 출력하는 직류-교류 변환 유니트;를 더 포함하고,상기 제어 유니트는 상기 연료전지 유니트, 상기 직류출력조절 유니트, 상기 충전 유니트 및 상기 직류-교류 변환 유니트 중 하나 이상을 제어하는 것인 연료전지 기반 전기차 충전 시스템.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 직류출력조절 유니트와 상기 직류-교류 변환 유니트는 상기 연료전지 유니트의 직류 전기 출력단에 병렬로 연결되는 것인 연료전지 기반 전기차 충전 시스템.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 제어 유니트는 상기 연료전지 유니트에서 생산된 생산 전력에서 상기 충전 유니트에서 요구하는 충전 전력을 우선적으로 상기 직류출력조절 유니트에 분배하며, 상기 생산 전력에서 상기 충전 전력을 차감한 잔여 전력을 상기 직류-교류 변환 유니트로 분배하는 것인 연료전지 기반 전기차 충전 시스템.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 연료전지 유니트는 제1 연료전지 및 제2 연료전지를 포함하고,상기 통합 제어부는 상기 제1 연료전지가 발전 중인 상태에서 상기 충전 유니트로부터 전기 부하 값을 입력받으며, 상기 전기 부하 값이 임계 값 이상이면 상기 제2 연료전지를 상기 제1 연료전지와 함께 발전시키는 것인 연료전지 기반 전기차 충전 시스템.
- 제5에 있어서,상기 제1 연료전지의 타입은 SOFC, MCFC, 및 PAFC 중 하나 이상을 포함하고,상기 제2 연료전지의 타입은 PAFC 및 PEMFC 중 하나 이상을 포함하는 것인 연료전지 기반 전기차 충전 시스템.
- 제5항에 있어서,상기 제2 연료전지의 발전온도는 상기 제1 연료전지의 발전온도보다 더 낮은 것인 연료전지 기반 전기차 충전 시스템.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 제어 유니트는 상기 직류출력조절 유니트를 제어하고,상기 제어 유니트는 충전조건 정보를 입력받아 상기 충전조건 정보를 근거로 상기 직류출력조절 유니트에서 출력되는 직류 전기의 전압 값을 제어하는 것인 연료전지 기반 전기차 충전 시스템.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 충전조건 정보는 배터리 타입, 차종, 충전량 및 충전비용 중 하나 이상을 포함하는 것인 연료전지 기반 전기차 충전 시스템.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020190037757A KR102096390B1 (ko) | 2019-04-01 | 2019-04-01 | 연료전지 기반 전기차 충전 시스템 |
KR10-2019-0037757 | 2019-04-01 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2020204577A1 true WO2020204577A1 (ko) | 2020-10-08 |
Family
ID=70282498
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/KR2020/004408 WO2020204577A1 (ko) | 2019-04-01 | 2020-03-31 | 연료전지 기반 전기차 충전 시스템 |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
KR (1) | KR102096390B1 (ko) |
WO (1) | WO2020204577A1 (ko) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH06225406A (ja) * | 1993-01-20 | 1994-08-12 | Tokyo Gas Co Ltd | 電気自動車のバッテリー充電システム |
KR100778625B1 (ko) * | 2006-10-25 | 2007-11-29 | 에스케이에너지 주식회사 | 공동주택 연료전지 시스템 및 그 운영방법 |
KR20110064723A (ko) * | 2009-12-08 | 2011-06-15 | 삼성중공업 주식회사 | 연료전지 발전시스템용 부하추종 장치 및 그 방법 |
JP2012518987A (ja) * | 2010-04-20 | 2012-08-16 | ハンファ テクエム カンパニー,リミテッド | ユニバーサル充電装置 |
KR20130091817A (ko) * | 2012-02-09 | 2013-08-20 | 세종공업 주식회사 | 외부부하의 유무에 따른 연료전지 시스템의 제어방법 |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP6438929B2 (ja) * | 2016-11-14 | 2018-12-19 | 東京瓦斯株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
KR101813231B1 (ko) | 2017-03-20 | 2018-01-30 | 주식회사 팝스 | 전기자동차 배터리 충전용 연료전지 시스템 |
-
2019
- 2019-04-01 KR KR1020190037757A patent/KR102096390B1/ko active IP Right Grant
-
2020
- 2020-03-31 WO PCT/KR2020/004408 patent/WO2020204577A1/ko active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH06225406A (ja) * | 1993-01-20 | 1994-08-12 | Tokyo Gas Co Ltd | 電気自動車のバッテリー充電システム |
KR100778625B1 (ko) * | 2006-10-25 | 2007-11-29 | 에스케이에너지 주식회사 | 공동주택 연료전지 시스템 및 그 운영방법 |
KR20110064723A (ko) * | 2009-12-08 | 2011-06-15 | 삼성중공업 주식회사 | 연료전지 발전시스템용 부하추종 장치 및 그 방법 |
JP2012518987A (ja) * | 2010-04-20 | 2012-08-16 | ハンファ テクエム カンパニー,リミテッド | ユニバーサル充電装置 |
KR20130091817A (ko) * | 2012-02-09 | 2013-08-20 | 세종공업 주식회사 | 외부부하의 유무에 따른 연료전지 시스템의 제어방법 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR102096390B1 (ko) | 2020-04-03 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO2017142218A1 (ko) | 에너지 저장 시스템 및 시스템 운용 방법 | |
WO2013001166A1 (en) | Method and arrangement for minimizing need for safety gases | |
US20090155633A1 (en) | Fuel Cell Hybrid Power Supply Apparatus | |
CN111261904A (zh) | 一种便携式sofc发电装置及其能量管理方法 | |
US6504339B2 (en) | Technique and apparatus to control the charging of a battery using a fuel cell | |
US20060228594A1 (en) | Method for shutting down fuel cell and fuel cell system using the same | |
JP2023528250A (ja) | 双方向インバーターを用いる燃料電池の動作方法 | |
US8890365B2 (en) | Fuel cell device and method for feeding electrical current to electrical network | |
RU2325010C1 (ru) | Топливный элемент, способный к зависящей от нагрузки работе | |
CN101170178B (zh) | 用于公寓大楼的燃料电池系统及该系统的控制方法 | |
CN101170179B (zh) | 用于公寓大楼的燃料电池系统及其运行方法 | |
CN111262267A (zh) | 一种可扩展的固体氧化物燃料电池分布式电站 | |
EP2882022B1 (en) | Management system, management method, control device, and power generator | |
WO2020204577A1 (ko) | 연료전지 기반 전기차 충전 시스템 | |
EP4391296A1 (en) | Power supply system, power supply method, and power supply device | |
CN112994076A (zh) | 一种sofc热电联供微网 | |
EP2882021A1 (en) | Control device, fuel cell system, and control method | |
CN114937985A (zh) | 一种供电系统 | |
KR20120080018A (ko) | 연료전지를 이용한 발전 시스템 | |
KR101411543B1 (ko) | 연료전지 시스템 및 그 작동 방법 | |
CN111614120A (zh) | 一种pem燃料电池chp并网控制系统及其控制方法 | |
WO2010093126A2 (ko) | 충전기를 갖는 연료 전지 시스템 | |
CN217545593U (zh) | 一种供电系统 | |
WO2011004057A1 (en) | Method and arrangement for improved controllability of parallel coupled fuel cells | |
KR102534438B1 (ko) | 휴대형 다목적 전력공급장치 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 20782864 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 20782864 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 20782864 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
32PN | Ep: public notification in the ep bulletin as address of the adressee cannot be established |
Free format text: NOTING OF LOSS OF RIGHTS PURSUANT TO RULE 112(1) EPC (EPO FORM 1205A DATED 28/04/2022) |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 20782864 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |