WO2020200118A1 - 一种数据传输方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种数据传输方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020200118A1
WO2020200118A1 PCT/CN2020/081830 CN2020081830W WO2020200118A1 WO 2020200118 A1 WO2020200118 A1 WO 2020200118A1 CN 2020081830 W CN2020081830 W CN 2020081830W WO 2020200118 A1 WO2020200118 A1 WO 2020200118A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
network device
access network
terminal
uplink data
context
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/081830
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
韩锋
晋英豪
张宏卓
杨旭东
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP20782960.7A priority Critical patent/EP3927106A4/en
Publication of WO2020200118A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020200118A1/zh
Priority to US17/482,813 priority patent/US20220015007A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/24—Connectivity information management, e.g. connectivity discovery or connectivity update
    • H04W40/248—Connectivity information update
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W8/00—Network data management
    • H04W8/02—Processing of mobility data, e.g. registration information at HLR [Home Location Register] or VLR [Visitor Location Register]; Transfer of mobility data, e.g. between HLR, VLR or external networks
    • H04W8/08—Mobility data transfer
    • H04W8/14—Mobility data transfer between corresponding nodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0011—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off for data sessions of end-to-end connection
    • H04W36/0033—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off for data sessions of end-to-end connection with transfer of context information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/16—Discovering, processing access restriction or access information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H04W76/12—Setup of transport tunnels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H04W76/15—Setup of multiple wireless link connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/20—Manipulation of established connections
    • H04W76/25—Maintenance of established connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/20—Manipulation of established connections
    • H04W76/27—Transitions between radio resource control [RRC] states
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H04W76/11—Allocation or use of connection identifiers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communication technology, and in particular, to a data transmission method and device.
  • the mobile communication standard specifies a state of the terminal: radio resource control (Radio Resource Control, RRC) inactive (Inactive) state, the terminal in the deactivated state, its context (context) is not only saved on the terminal, but also configured The terminal enters the deactivated state and saves it on the base station.
  • RRC Radio Resource Control
  • the base station that configures the terminal to enter the deactivated state can be regarded as the last base station that provides services for the terminal ( Last serving gNB), or anchor base station (anchor gNB), the new base station is the base station currently serving the terminal.
  • the core network side still considers that the anchor base station transmits uplink data to the core network. If the terminal in the deactivated state has uplink data to be transmitted under the new base station, the new base station will notify the core network device to switch the path. After the path is switched, the new base station sends the uplink data to the core network device.
  • the process of notifying the core network device to perform path switching brings signaling overhead.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a data transmission method and device, which are used to solve the problem of signaling overhead caused by the core network path switching when the terminal moves to a new base station and has small data transmission.
  • this application provides a data transmission method.
  • the first access network device currently serving the terminal can obtain the identifier of the second access network device that configures the terminal to enter the deactivated state.
  • the device may send a request message for acquiring the context of the terminal to the second access network device according to the identifier of the second access network device, and the request message for acquiring the context of the terminal includes indication information for indicating small data transmission requirements, of course
  • the indication information used to indicate the small data transmission requirement may also be carried in other messages and sent to the second access network device.
  • Small data is data that is less than the preset number of bytes sent by the terminal.
  • the second access network device may provide the first access network device with the context of the terminal, and the second access network device may be used to indicate small data transmission after receiving After the required indication information, the first access network device may be allocated a tunnel address for transmitting uplink data. Then the first access network device may receive the context of the terminal and the tunnel address used for transmitting uplink data sent by the second access network device. The first access network device can instruct the terminal to enter the connected state according to the context of the terminal. When the terminal in the connected state sends uplink data to the first access network device, the first access network device receives the uplink data sent by the terminal, and the first access network device can transmit the uplink data according to the data sent by the second access network device. The tunnel address of the data, the uplink data is sent to the second access network device, and the second access network device sends the uplink data to the core network device.
  • the first access network device transmits the uplink data to the second access network device, and the second access network device transmits the uplink data to the core network, and the first access network device does not need to notify the core
  • the network equipment performs path switching to avoid signaling overhead caused by path switching.
  • the second access network device may also send indication information for instructing to reserve the context of the terminal to the first access network device, and instruct the second access network device to reserve the context of the terminal,
  • the indication information for instructing to reserve the context of the terminal may be included in the response message for acquiring the context of the terminal sent by the second access network device to the first access network device, or in a separate message. Therefore, the first access network device will not send a terminal context release message to the second access network device, and the second access network device will retain the terminal context.
  • the identifier of the second access network device is sent by the terminal to the first access network device.
  • the terminal in the deactivated state has uplink data to be transmitted, it can provide services to the terminal currently
  • the first access network device sends a radio resource control recovery request message, requesting to send uplink data after the connection state is restored, and the radio resource control recovery request message includes the second access network device that configures the terminal to enter the deactivated state.
  • the inactive-network temporary identifier (I-RNTI) configured by the terminal; the first access network device can learn the identifier of the second access network device according to the I-RNTI.
  • the indication information used to indicate small data transmission requirements includes one or more of the following: information used to indicate that small data transmission is available, and information used to indicate that the anchor point access network device does not
  • the changed information is used to indicate that the context of the terminal is not to be transferred.
  • One or more of the above information can be the cause value, or can be clearly indicated information.
  • terminal data can communicate with the core network via the anchor base station, which can avoid the signaling process of path transfer with the core network, thereby saving signaling overhead.
  • the indication information used by the first access network device to indicate the small data transmission requirement sent by the first access network device to the second access network device may be sent by the terminal to the first access network device, for example, the terminal A radio resource control recovery request message sent to the first access network device, where the radio resource control recovery request message includes indication information used to indicate small data transmission requirements, and the first access network device receives the message sent by the terminal Radio resource control recovery request message.
  • the terminal informs the first access network device of the indication information used to indicate the small data transmission requirement through the radio resource control recovery request message, so as to reduce signaling overhead.
  • the context of the terminal and the tunnel address used to transmit uplink data can be carried in different messages or in the same message.
  • the second access network device can use the context of the terminal and the When the tunnel address for transmitting the uplink data is also carried in the response message for acquiring the context of the terminal, the first access network device is receiving the context of the terminal and the context for transmitting the uplink data sent by the second access network device.
  • the tunnel address it may be that the first access network device receives the response message for acquiring the context of the terminal sent by the second access network device, and the response message for acquiring the context of the terminal includes the context of the terminal and for transmitting uplink The tunnel address of the data.
  • the tunnel address used to transmit uplink data includes one or more of a protocol data unit (Protocol Data Unit, PDU) session identifier and uplink forwarding information; wherein, the The uplink forwarding information includes at least: the uplink data forwarding address corresponding to the PDU session.
  • PDU Protocol Data Unit
  • the uplink forwarding information may further include: at least one radio data bearer (Data Radio Bearer, DRB) list and the uplink data forwarding address corresponding to each DRB list; or at least one logical channel identifier The (Logical Channel Identity, LCID) list and the uplink data forwarding address corresponding to each LCID list.
  • DRB Data Radio Bearer
  • LCID Logical Channel Identity
  • the uplink forwarding information may further include: at least one quality of service QoS flow identification list, and a PDU session uplink data forwarding address corresponding to each quality of service flow identification list.
  • the QoS flow identification list includes one or more quality of service flow identifications
  • the LCID list includes one or more LCIDs.
  • the first access network device may also determine whether the terminal has completed the uplink data transmission, and the first access network device may send to the second access network device when determining that the terminal has completed the uplink data transmission
  • An uplink data end transmission indication message where the uplink data end transmission indication message is used to indicate that the terminal has completed uplink data transmission.
  • the uplink data end transmission indication message may be represented by an end marker data packet (end marker) transmitted in a tunnel address used for transmitting uplink data.
  • the uplink data end transmission instruction message may also be an interface control message, for example, may be a message instructing the end of the uplink transmission of the PDU session or a message of the end of the uplink transmission of the data bearer.
  • the first access network device sends the tunnel address used to transmit downlink data to the second access network device, and the second access network device can transfer all the downlink data sent by the terminal to the second access network device.
  • the downlink data is sent to the first access network device. Accordingly, the first access network device receives the downlink data sent by the second access network device, and sends the downlink data to the terminal.
  • the second access network device may also determine whether the core network has completed the downlink data transmission, and when the second access network device determines that the core network has completed the downlink data transmission, it may report to the first access network
  • the device sends a downlink data end transmission indication message, where the downlink data end transmission indication message is used to indicate that the core network has completed downlink data transmission.
  • the downlink data end transmission indication message may be represented by an end marker data packet (end marker) transmitted in a tunnel address used for transmitting downlink data.
  • the downlink data end transmission indication message may also be an interface control message, for example, it may be a message instructing the PDU session to end downlink transmission or the data bearer end downlink transmission message.
  • the downlink data end transmission indication information may be a core network Sent to the second access network device.
  • a terminal in a deactivated state can send early uplink data to a first access network device currently serving the terminal, and the first access network device receives the For the early uplink data sent by the terminal, the first access network device may send the early uplink data to the second access network device that configures the terminal to enter the deactivated state, and the second access network device sends the early uplink data To the core network equipment.
  • the first access network device transmits uplink data to the second access network device, and the second access network device transmits the uplink data to the core network, so that the first access network device does not need to notify The core network equipment performs path switching, so that signaling overhead caused by path switching can be avoided.
  • the terminal in the deactivated state when it has uplink data to be transmitted, it can send a radio resource control recovery request message to the first access network device, where the radio resource control recovery request message includes the configuration
  • the second access network device in the deactivated state of the terminal configures the deactivated state radio network temporary identifier I-RNTI for the terminal, and early uplink data; the first access network device receives the radio resource control recovery request sent by the terminal Message, the identification of the second access network device can be obtained according to the I-RNTI in the radio resource control recovery request message, and then the first access network device can access the second access network device according to the identification of the second access network device
  • the network equipment sends early uplink data.
  • the terminal can reduce the signaling overhead between the terminal and the first access network device by carrying early uplink data in the radio resource control recovery request message.
  • the first access network device when the first access network device sends early uplink data to the second access network device, it may be sent through interface signaling. Specifically, it may be that the first access network device receives the first After the radio resource control recovery request message sent by the second access network device, a request message for acquiring the context of the terminal may be sent to the second access network device for requesting to acquire the context of the terminal, in the request message for acquiring the context of the terminal
  • the early uplink data may be included.
  • the signaling overhead between the first access network device and the second access network device can be better reduced.
  • the first access network device when the first access network device sends early uplink data to the second access network device, it can be sent through an uplink tunnel. Specifically, it can be that the first access network device receives the data sent by the terminal device. After the radio resource control recovery request message, an instruction message for instructing to establish an uplink tunnel may be sent to the second access network device.
  • the second access network device may send the tunnel address for transmitting the uplink data to the first access network device, then the first access network device After the network access device receives the tunnel address used to transmit uplink data sent by the second access network device, the first access network device determines the tunnel used to transmit uplink data according to the tunnel address, and sets the early uplink The data is sent to the second access network device through the determined tunnel.
  • the first access network device may also establish an uplink tunnel with the second access network device, and the first access network device sends early uplink data to the second access network device through uplink tunnel transmission.
  • the first access network device may send a request message for acquiring the context of the terminal to the second access network device to request to acquire the terminal Context, the request message for acquiring the context of the terminal includes an instruction message for instructing to establish an uplink tunnel.
  • the signaling overhead between the first access network device and the second access network device can be better reduced.
  • the second access network device may also, after receiving the request message for acquiring the context of the terminal sent by the first access network device, send the request for acquiring the context of the terminal to the first access network device. Failure message, the second access network device can carry the tunnel address used to transmit uplink data in the failure message for acquiring the context of the terminal, and the first access network device receives the context of acquiring the terminal sent by the second access network device After the failure message, the tunnel address used to transmit the uplink data can be obtained. By carrying the tunnel address in the failure message for obtaining the context of the terminal, the communication between the first access network device and the second access network speed device can be further reduced. Signaling overhead.
  • the indication information used to instruct the establishment of the uplink tunnel may include one or more of an LCID list, a DRB ID list, and a PDU session list.
  • the tunnel address used to transmit uplink data includes one or more of the following:
  • uplink forwarding information includes at least: the uplink data forwarding address corresponding to the PDU session; the uplink forwarding information may also include: at least one radio data bearer (Data Radio Bearer (DRB) list and the uplink data forwarding address corresponding to each DRB list; or at least one logical channel identification (Logical Channel Identity, LCID) list and the uplink data forwarding address corresponding to each LCID list.
  • DRB Data Radio Bearer
  • LCID Logical Channel Identity
  • the uplink forwarding information may further include: at least one QoS flow identification list, and an uplink data forwarding address of the PDU session corresponding to each quality of service flow identification list.
  • the QoS flow identifier list includes one or more QoS flow identifiers.
  • the first access network device can determine whether the terminal has completed the early uplink data transmission, and when the first access network device determines that the terminal has completed the early uplink data transmission, it can report to the second access network device Send an uplink data end transmission indication message, where the uplink data end transmission indication message is used to indicate that the terminal has completed early uplink data transmission.
  • the uplink data end transmission indication message may be represented by an end marker data packet (end marker) transmitted in a tunnel address used for transmitting uplink data.
  • the uplink data end transmission instruction message may also be an interface control message, for example, may be a message instructing the end of the uplink transmission of the PDU session or a message of the end of the uplink transmission of the data bearer.
  • the second access network device can determine whether the core network has completed the downlink data transmission, and the second access network device can report to the first access network device when it determines that the core network has completed the downlink data transmission.
  • Send a downlink data end transmission indication message where the downlink data end transmission indication message is used to indicate that the core network has completed downlink data transmission.
  • the downlink data end transmission indication message may be represented by an end marker data packet (end marker) transmitted in a tunnel address used for transmitting downlink data.
  • the downlink data end transmission indication message may also be an interface control message, for example, it may be a message instructing the PDU session to end downlink transmission or the data bearer end downlink transmission message.
  • the downlink data end transmission indication information may be a core network Sent to the second access network device.
  • the third aspect A data transmission method is provided.
  • the first access network device currently serving the terminal can obtain the identifier of the second access network device that configures the terminal to enter the deactivated state, and the first access network device can According to the identifier of the second access network device, the first access network device may send a request message for acquiring the context of the terminal to the second access network device, and the request message for acquiring the context of the terminal includes the establishment of a dual connection for the terminal.
  • Link instruction information, and the instruction information indicates that the first access network device is a secondary device when a dual link is established, and the second access network device is a master device. Of course, it is an instruction for the terminal to establish a dual link
  • the information may also be carried in other messages and sent to the second access network device.
  • the second access network device may provide the first access network device with the context of the terminal, and the second access network device may set up a dual connection for the terminal after receiving it. After linking the instruction information, a dual link is established for the terminal.
  • the first access network device may receive the context of the terminal sent by the second access network device and the information that the dual link establishment is complete.
  • the first access network device can instruct the terminal to enter the connected state according to the context of the terminal.
  • the terminal in the connected state sends uplink data to the first access network device
  • the first access network device receives the uplink data sent by the terminal, and sends the uplink data to the second access network device.
  • the network device sends the uplink data to the core network device.
  • the first access network device transmits the uplink data to the second access network device, and the second access network device transmits the uplink data to the core network, and the first access network device does not need to notify the core
  • the network equipment performs path switching to avoid signaling overhead caused by path switching.
  • the identifier of the second access network device is sent by the terminal to the first access network device.
  • the terminal in the deactivated state has uplink data to be transmitted, it can provide services to the terminal currently
  • the first access network device sends a radio resource control recovery request message, requesting to send uplink data after the connection state is restored, and the radio resource control recovery request message includes the second access network device that configures the terminal to enter the deactivated state.
  • the inactive-network temporary identifier (I-RNTI) configured by the terminal; the first access network device can learn the identifier of the second access network device according to the I-RNTI.
  • the information that the second access network device sends the dual link establishment to the first access network device may be a tunnel address used to transmit uplink data, and the second access network device is doing everything
  • the first access network device may be allocated a tunnel address for transmitting uplink data.
  • the first access network device may receive the tunnel address used for transmitting uplink data sent by the second access network device.
  • the first access network device may send the uplink data to the second access network device according to the tunnel address for transmitting the uplink data sent by the second access network device.
  • the second access network device sends uplink data to the core network device.
  • the instruction information used to instruct the establishment of a dual link for the terminal includes one or more of the following:
  • Information used to indicate that there is small data transmission information used to indicate that the anchor point access network device is unchanged, information used to indicate the establishment of a dual link, and information used to indicate that the context of the terminal is not transferred.
  • One or more of the above information can be the cause value, or can be clearly indicated information.
  • the instruction information sent by the first access network device to the second access network device for instructing the establishment of a dual link for the terminal is notified by the terminal to the first access network device, and the terminal may
  • the first access network device receives the radio resource control recovery request message sent by the terminal, and the radio resource control recovery request message includes instructions for indicating that the terminal is Instructions for establishing dual links.
  • the second access network device when the second access network device sends the context of the terminal to the first access network device, it may be that the second access network device sends the failure of obtaining the context of the terminal to the first access network device.
  • the first access network device receives the failure message for acquiring the context of the terminal sent by the second access network device and receives the service node addition Request message; the request message added by the service node includes the context of the terminal.
  • the request message added by the service node may also include a tunnel address for transmitting uplink data.
  • the tunnel address for transmitting uplink data may be a separate message or carried in other messages.
  • the failure message for obtaining the context of the terminal includes one or more of the following: information used to indicate that there is small data transmission, information used to indicate that the anchor point access network device is unchanged, and information used to indicate the establishment of a dual link Information, information used to instruct not to transfer the context of the terminal.
  • the second access network device when the second access network device sends the context of the terminal to the first access network device, it may be that the second access network device sends a response for acquiring the context of the terminal to the first access network device.
  • the first access network device receives the response message for acquiring the context of the terminal sent by the second access network device; the response message for acquiring the context of the terminal includes indication information for indicating small data transmission requirements, for example, It is the information used to indicate that there is small data transmission, it may be the information used to indicate that the anchor point access network device is unchanged, or it may be the information used to indicate that the context of the terminal is not transferred.
  • the response message for obtaining the context of the terminal is It also includes the context of the terminal.
  • the response message for obtaining the context of the terminal may also include the tunnel address used to transmit uplink data. Of course, the tunnel address used to transmit uplink data may be a separate message or carried in another message. News.
  • the first access network device can determine whether the terminal has completed the early uplink data transmission, and when the first access network device determines that the terminal has completed the early uplink data transmission, it can report to the second access network device Send an uplink data end transmission indication message, where the uplink data end transmission indication message is used to indicate that the terminal has completed early uplink data transmission.
  • the uplink data end transmission indication message may be represented by an end marker data packet (end marker) transmitted in a tunnel address used for transmitting uplink data.
  • the uplink data end transmission instruction message may also be an interface control message, for example, may be a message instructing the end of the uplink transmission of the PDU session or a message of the end of the uplink transmission of the data bearer.
  • the second access network device can determine whether the core network has completed the downlink data transmission, and the second access network device can report to the first access network device when it determines that the core network has completed the downlink data transmission.
  • Send a downlink data end transmission indication message where the downlink data end transmission indication message is used to indicate that the core network has completed downlink data transmission.
  • the downlink data end transmission indication message may be represented by an end marker data packet (end marker) transmitted in a tunnel address used for transmitting downlink data.
  • the downlink data end transmission indication message may also be an interface control message, for example, it may be a message instructing the end of the downlink transmission of the PDU session or a message indicating the end of the downlink transmission of the data bearer.
  • the end of the downlink data transmission indication message may be a core network Sent to the second access network device.
  • a data transmission system includes: a terminal, a first access network device, and a second access network that execute the above-mentioned aspects and the method in any possible implementation of the various aspects A device, wherein the first access network device is an access network device that currently provides services for the terminal, and the second access network device is an access network device that configures the terminal to enter a deactivated state.
  • the first access network device may be used to send a request message for acquiring the context of the terminal to the second access network device, where the request message for acquiring the context of the terminal includes Instructions for indicating small data transmission needs.
  • the second access network device may be used to send the context of the terminal and the tunnel address used to transmit uplink data to the first access network device; the first access network device The device may also be used to receive the context of the terminal and the tunnel address used to transmit uplink data sent by the second access network device, and instruct the terminal to enter the connected state according to the context of the terminal, and receive The uplink data sent by the terminal sends the uplink data to the second access network device according to the tunnel address; the second access network device may also be used to send the uplink data to the core network equipment.
  • the indication information used to indicate small data transmission requirements may include one or more of the following: information used to indicate small data transmission is used to indicate anchor point access network equipment Unchanged information, used to indicate that the context of the terminal is not transferred.
  • the terminal may also be used to send a radio resource control recovery request message to the first access network device, where the request message includes indication information for indicating small data transmission requirements.
  • the second access network device when the second access network device is used to send the context of the terminal and the tunnel address used to transmit uplink data to the first access network device, the second access network device may Send a response message for acquiring the context of the terminal to the first access network device, where the response message for acquiring the context of the terminal includes the context of the terminal and the tunnel address used to transmit uplink data, then the first access network device may The context of the terminal and the tunnel address used to transmit uplink data are received through a response message for acquiring the context of the terminal.
  • the tunnel address used to transmit uplink data may include: protocol data unit PDU session identifier and/or uplink forwarding information; wherein, the uplink forwarding information includes at least: PDU The uplink data forwarding address corresponding to the session; the uplink forwarding information may also include: at least one radio data bearer (Data Radio Bearer, DRB) list and the uplink data forwarding address corresponding to each DRB list; or at least one logical channel identifier The (Logical Channel Identity, LCID) list and the uplink data forwarding address corresponding to each LCID list.
  • DRB Data Radio Bearer
  • LCID Logical Channel Identity
  • the uplink forwarding information may further include: at least one quality of service QoS flow identification list and a PDU session uplink data forwarding address corresponding to each quality of service flow identification list.
  • the first access network device may also be used to send an uplink data end transmission indication message to the second access network device, where the uplink data end transmission indication message is used to indicate all The terminal has completed uplink data transmission.
  • the second access network device may also be used to send a downlink data end transmission instruction message to the first access network device, where the downlink data end transmission instruction message is used to instruct the core The network completed the downlink data transmission.
  • a data transmission device in a fifth aspect, has functional modules that implement the foregoing aspects and any of the possible implementation methods of the aspects.
  • the functional modules can be realized by hardware, or by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above-mentioned functions.
  • the device may be a chip or an integrated circuit.
  • the device includes a transceiver and a processor, and the device can execute the method in any one of the foregoing first to fourth aspects and each of the possible implementations through the processor.
  • the above-mentioned transceiver may be an interface circuit.
  • the device may further include a memory; the memory is used to store a computer program.
  • a computer-readable storage medium is provided, and computer-readable instructions are stored in the computer storage medium.
  • the device can execute the above aspects and any of the aspects. Possible implementation methods.
  • a computer program product is provided.
  • the device can execute the foregoing aspects and any possible implementation method of the aspects.
  • a chip is provided, the chip is coupled with a memory, and the chip is used to read and execute a software program stored in the memory to implement the above aspects and any possible implementation of the aspects. method.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a data transmission process provided in an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a data transmission process provided in an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a data transmission process provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a data transmission process provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a data transmission process provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a data transmission process provided in an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a data transmission process provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a data transmission process provided in an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a data transmission process provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a data transmission system provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a data transmission device provided in an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a data transmission device provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a data transmission method and device to solve the signaling overhead problem caused by the need to notify the core network to perform path switching when the terminal moves to a new base station for small data transmission in the prior art.
  • the method, device, and system are based on the same technical concept. Because the method, device, and system have similar principles for solving problems, the implementation of the device, system, and method can be referred to each other, and the repetition will not be repeated.
  • LTE long term evolution
  • WiMAX worldwide interoperability for microwave access
  • 5G fifth generation of the future
  • NR new radio access technology
  • the terminal can move. During the movement, the terminal moves from the coverage area of one base station to the coverage area of another new base station.
  • the base station that provides services for the terminal before the terminal moves is the last
  • the base station (last serving gNB) provided by the terminal may also be referred to as an anchor base station (anchor gNB).
  • anchor base station stores the context of the terminal, and the terminal can be configured to enter a deactivated state.
  • the new base station After the terminal in the deactivated state moves to the coverage area of the new base station, if there is uplink data to be transmitted, the new base station first configures the terminal to switch from the deactivated state to the connected state, and then sends it to the core network side ( The access and mobility management function (AMF) of the Core) sends a path update request to request a path update.
  • the connected terminal sends uplink data to the new base station, and the new base station sends it to the core network.
  • the base stations can communicate through the Xn interface (interface), and the base station and the core network equipment can communicate through the RAN-CN interface (interface).
  • the term "exemplary” is used to indicate an example, illustration, or illustration. Any embodiment or implementation solution described as an "example” in this application should not be construed as being more preferable or advantageous than other embodiments or implementation solutions. Rather, the term example is used to present the concept in a concrete way.
  • Access network equipment which has equipment capable of providing random access functions for terminals or a chip that can be installed in the equipment, including but not limited to: evolved Node B (evolved Node B, eNB), base transceiver station (basetransceiver station, BTS), home base station (for example, home evolved NodeB, or home Node B, HNB), baseband unit (BBU), wireless fidelity (wireless fidelity, WIFI) system access point ( access point, AP), wireless relay node, wireless backhaul node, transmission point (transmission and reception point, TRP or transmission point, TP), etc., can also be 5G, such as NR, gNB in the system, or transmission Point (TRP or TP), one or a group of antenna panels (including multiple antenna panels) of the base station in the 5G system, or, it can also be a network node that constitutes a gNB or transmission point, such as a baseband unit (BBU), or, Distributed unit (DU, distributed unit), etc.
  • Terminal also known as user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (MT), etc.
  • terminal devices include handheld devices and vehicle-mounted devices with wireless connection functions.
  • terminal devices can be: mobile phones (mobile phones), tablets, notebook computers, handheld computers, mobile internet devices (MID), wearable devices, virtual reality (VR) devices, augmented reality (augmented reality (AR) equipment, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving (self-driving), wireless terminals in remote medical surgery, and smart grids (smart grid)
  • Small data data smaller than the preset number of bytes, for example, data of several bytes or dozens of bytes can be called small data.
  • Access and mobility management function network element access and mobility management function, AMF
  • core network control plane function provides user mobility management and access management functions.
  • the "and/or” in this application describes the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can mean: A alone exists, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. This situation.
  • the character "/" generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or” relationship.
  • the multiple involved in this application refers to two or more.
  • the first access network device is used to represent the base station (gNB1) currently serving the terminal in Figure 1 and the second access network device is used to represent the last base station (gNB1) serving the terminal in Figure 1 ), that is, the anchor base station, and the core network represents the AMF in Figure 1 as an example for description.
  • Step 201 The terminal in the deactivated state sends a radio resource control resume request message (RRC resume request) to the first access network device.
  • RRC resume request radio resource control resume request
  • the radio resource control recovery request message includes the deactivated radio network temporary identifier I-RNTI configured by the second access network device for the terminal; the first access network device receives the radio resource sent by the terminal in the deactivated state Control the recovery request message, and obtain the identity of the second access network device according to the I-RNTI included in the radio resource control recovery request message.
  • the second access network device is an access network device in which the configuration terminal enters the deactivated state, and the second access network device may carry the I-RNTI of the terminal in the information that the configuration terminal enters the deactivated state.
  • Step 202 The first access network device sends a request message (retrieve UE context request) for acquiring the context of the terminal to the second access network device.
  • a request message (retrieve UE context request) for acquiring the context of the terminal to the second access network device.
  • the first access network device requests the second access network device for the context of the terminal according to the learned identifier of the second access network device.
  • the first access network device may also request the context of the terminal through other messages. This embodiment of the application There is no restriction on this.
  • Step 203 The second access network device sends a response message (retrieve UE context response) for acquiring the context of the terminal to the first access network device.
  • the second access network device provides the context of the terminal to the first access network device.
  • the second access network device may send a response message (retrieve UE context response) for acquiring the context of the terminal to the first access network device.
  • the response message includes the context of the deactivated terminal, and the first access network device
  • the network access device receives the context of the terminal sent by the second access network device.
  • Step 204 The first access network device sends a radio resource control resume message (RRC resume) to the terminal.
  • RRC resume radio resource control resume
  • the first access network device instructs the terminal in the deactivated state to enter the connected state according to the context of the terminal.
  • the first access network device may send a radio resource control resume message (RRC resume) to the terminal. Then, the terminal enters the connected state from the deactivated state according to the received radio resource control recovery message.
  • RRC resume radio resource control resume message
  • Step 205 After entering the connected state, the terminal may send a radio resource control resume complete message (RRC resume complete) to the first access network device.
  • RRC resume complete radio resource control resume complete
  • Step 206 The first access network device sends a data forwarding address indication message to the second access network device, where the data forwarding address indication message includes a tunnel address used to transmit downlink data.
  • the first access network device provides the second access network device with a tunnel address for transmitting downlink data.
  • the first access network device may send a data forwarding address indication message to the second access network device, where the data forwarding address indication message includes The address of the tunnel that transmits downlink data.
  • the second access network device after receiving the downlink data sent by the core network, the second access network device sends the downlink data to the first access network device through the tunnel address.
  • Step 207 The first access network device sends a path switch request (path switch request) to the core network device.
  • the first access network device sends a path switching request to the core network device after determining that the terminal enters the connected state.
  • the path switching request includes the identification of the first access network device, thereby notifying the core network to connect from the first
  • the network access device receives the uplink data of the terminal.
  • the data transmission path saved by the core network device for the terminal is that the second access network device transmits the data to the core network device.
  • the terminal accesses the first access network device Under the network device, the terminal notifies the core network device of the data transmission path to switch, and the switched path is that the first access network device transmits data to the core network device.
  • Step 208 The core network device sends a path switch request response message (path switch request response) to the first access network device to notify the first access network device that the core network device has updated and saved the switched path.
  • path switch request response path switch request response
  • Step 209 After receiving the path switching request response message sent by the core network device, the first access network device may send a context release message (UE context release) of the terminal to the second access network device. The device releases the context of the terminal.
  • UE context release UE context release
  • the subsequent terminal sends uplink data to the first access network device, and the first access network device sends the uplink data to the core network device.
  • the first access network device obtains the context of the terminal from the second access network device, it converts the inactive UE to the connected state.
  • the core network device is notified that the data forwarding path needs to be switched and updated, and the uplink data of the terminal is transmitted from the original second access network device to the core network device, and switched to be transmitted from the first access network device to the core network device.
  • Notifying the core network equipment that path switching brings signaling overhead. Because the terminal periodically or non-intermittently sends small data when it is in the deactivated state, it needs to frequently send path switching requests to the core network equipment. The signaling overhead Larger.
  • this application proposes a data transmission method.
  • the first access network device can send indication information for indicating small data transmission requirements to the second access network device, and the first access network device receives the terminal After the uplink data is sent, the first access network device can send the uplink data to the second access network device, and the second access network device sends the uplink data to the core network without notifying the core network device path during the data transmission process Update to avoid signaling overhead.
  • the instruction information sent by the first access network device to the second access network device to indicate the small data transmission requirement may be generated by the first access network device itself according to its deployment. For example, the first access network device only When the industrial network is supported, the indication information used to indicate the small data transmission demand is generated, or the first access network device generates the indication information used to indicate the small data transmission demand when the delay-sensitive terminal device is connected.
  • the indication information of the small data transmission requirement may also be sent to the first access network device according to the requirement of the terminal. For example, the first access network device learns that the terminal has small data transmission according to the indication information of the small data transmission requirement sent by the terminal. Therefore, the indication information of the small data transmission requirement is sent to the second access network device.
  • the indication information of the small data transmission requirement may also be indicated according to the cause value carried in the radio resource control recovery message sent by the terminal.
  • the indication information for indicating the small data transmission requirement may be the radio resource control recovery request carried in step 201 in FIG. 2
  • the message can also be carried in other messages.
  • the indication information of the small data transmission requirement can be indicated by the cause value, or other message formats can be used to carry the indication information used to indicate the small data transmission requirement.
  • the manner in which the terminal sends the indication information used to indicate the small data transmission requirement is not limited.
  • the indication information for indicating the small data transmission requirement may be carried in step 202 in FIG. 2
  • the request message for acquiring the context of the terminal may of course also be carried in other messages, or may carry indication information for indicating small data transmission requirements through other message formats.
  • the first access network device When the first access network device sends the uplink data to the second access network device, it may be sent through the tunnel address or through interface signaling.
  • Step 301 The terminal in the deactivated state sends a radio resource control recovery request message to the first access network device, where the request message carries indication information for indicating small data transmission requirements.
  • the first access network device receives the radio resource control recovery request message sent by the terminal in the deactivated state.
  • the indication information used to indicate small data transmission needs can be information used to indicate that there is small data transmission, it can also be used to indicate that the anchor point access network device is unchanged, or it can be information used to indicate that the context of the terminal is not transferred .
  • Step 302 The first access network device sends a request message for acquiring the context of the terminal to the second access network device, where the request message for acquiring the context of the terminal carries indication information for indicating small data transmission requirements.
  • the second access network device receives a request message for acquiring the context of the terminal sent by the first access network device, and the request message for acquiring the context of the terminal includes indication information for indicating a small data transmission requirement.
  • the indication information used to indicate the small data transmission requirement may be used to notify the second access network device to receive the uplink data sent by the first access network device, and send the uplink data to the core network device.
  • Step 303 A response message for acquiring the context of the terminal sent by the second access network device to the first access network device, where the response message carries a tunnel address used to transmit uplink data.
  • the first access network device receives a response message for acquiring the context of the terminal sent by the second access network device, and the response message includes a tunnel address for transmitting uplink data.
  • the first access network device When the first access network device sends the uplink data to the second access network device, it may be sent through the tunnel address or through interface signaling. Which method is used to send the uplink data may be determined by the second access network device or the first access network device.
  • the second access network device When the second access network device receives the instruction information for indicating the demand for decimal transmission, it can know that the terminal has small data to be transmitted, and the second access network device can send to the first access network device for transmitting uplink data
  • the tunnel address enables the first access network device to transmit uplink data through the tunnel address.
  • the second access network device may not send the tunnel address used to transmit uplink data to the first access network device, then the first access network device transmits to the second access network device through interface signaling Upstream data.
  • the first access network device sends instruction information for instructing the establishment of an uplink tunnel to the second access network device, it means that the first access network device wants to send uplink data through the tunnel address, and the second access network device The device notifies the first access network device of the tunnel address used to transmit uplink data. Or, if the first access network device does not send instruction information for instructing the establishment of an uplink tunnel to the second access network device, it means that the first access network device does not want to send uplink data through the tunnel address, and the second access network device The device does not notify the first access network device of the tunnel address used to transmit the uplink data, and the first access network device directly sends the uplink data through interface signaling.
  • the instruction information for instructing the establishment of the uplink tunnel address may be the acquisition carried in step 302 in FIG. 3
  • the request message of the context of the terminal may of course also be carried in other messages, or may carry indication information for instructing the establishment of the uplink tunnel address through other message formats.
  • the tunnel address used to transmit uplink data includes but is not limited to: protocol data unit PDU session identifier and/or uplink forwarding information, etc.; wherein, the uplink forwarding information may include: the corresponding PDU session uplink data forwarding address; specifically including Transport layer address and GTP-TEID (GPRS Tunneling Protocol-Tunnel Endpoint Identifier).
  • the transport layer address can be an IP address.
  • a list of quality of service flow identifiers corresponding to the PDU session is included, and each list of quality of service flow identifiers includes one or more quality of service flow identifiers (QoS flow).
  • the uplink forwarding information may further include: at least one wireless data bearer list and an uplink data forwarding address corresponding to each wireless data bearer list, specifically including a transport layer address and GTP-TEID, and the transport layer address may be IP address.
  • the uplink forwarding information may further include: at least one LCID list and an uplink data forwarding address corresponding to each LCID list.
  • the second access network device may send information for retaining the context of the terminal to the first access network device, and the first access network device may receive the context of retaining the terminal sent by the second access network device Indicates that the second access network device will retain the context of the terminal.
  • the information for retaining the context of the terminal may be carried in a response message for acquiring the context of the terminal, or in other messages. Therefore, the first access network device does not send a terminal context release message to the second access network device.
  • the second access network device may send information indicating that the anchor point access network device is unchanged to the first access network device, and the first access network device may receive the anchor point indication sent by the second access network device
  • the information that the access network device is unchanged indicates that the second access network device will keep the anchor point access network device unchanged.
  • the information that keeps the anchor point access network equipment unchanged may be carried in the response message for acquiring the context of the terminal, or in other messages. Therefore, the first access network device does not send a terminal context release message to the second access network device.
  • Step 304 The first access network device instructs the terminal in the deactivated state to enter the connected state according to the context of the terminal.
  • RRC resume radio resource control resume message
  • Step 305 After entering the connected state, the terminal may send a radio resource control resume complete message (RRC resume complete) to the first access network device.
  • RRC resume complete radio resource control resume complete
  • Step 306 After the terminal enters the connected state, the first access network device provides the second access network device with a tunnel address for transmitting downlink data.
  • step 306 may be used to transmit downlink data.
  • Step 307 The terminal in the connected state sends uplink data to the first access network device.
  • Step 308 The first access network device receives the uplink data sent by the terminal, and sends the uplink data to the second access network device according to the tunnel address used to transmit the uplink data.
  • the first access network device may, after receiving the uplink data sent by the terminal, transmit the uplink The data is sent to the second access network device.
  • Step 309 The second access network device may send the uplink data to the core network device.
  • the first access network device in step 207 in FIG. 2 sends a path switching request to the core network device, and the core network device in step 208 sends a path switching request response to the first access network device.
  • the process of message and data transmission does not need to notify the core network equipment of path updates, which avoids signaling overhead. Because the second access network device transmits the uplink data to the core network, the first access network device sending the terminal context release message to the second access network device in step 209 is also skipped.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a data transmission process as shown in Fig. 4:
  • Steps 401 to 402 are the same as steps 301 and 302 in FIG. 3.
  • Step 403a The second access network device sends a response message (retrieve UE context response) for obtaining the context of the terminal to the first access network device.
  • the response message includes the context of the deactivated terminal, which is similar to that in FIG. 2 Step 203 is the same.
  • Step 403b The second access network device receives a data forwarding address indication message sent by the first access network device, where the data forwarding address indication message includes a tunnel address used to transmit uplink data.
  • Steps 404 to 409 in FIG. 4 are the same as steps 304 to 309 in FIG. 3.
  • the difference between FIG. 4 and FIG. 3 is that the tunnel address used to transmit uplink data in FIG. 4 is carried in a message different from the response message for acquiring the context of the terminal.
  • step 403b in FIG. 4 is used to send the tunnel address for transmitting uplink data
  • this step 403b is located in step 408 after the first access network device sends a request message for acquiring the context of the terminal to the second access network device.
  • a possible solution is given before an access network device sends the uplink data to the second access network device according to the tunnel address used to transmit the uplink data, as shown in FIG. 4, a possible solution is given.
  • This step 403b is located in step 406. After the access network device sends the tunnel address for transmitting the downlink data to the second access network device, it is located before the first access network device receives the uplink data sent by the terminal in step 407.
  • the process can be similar to that of Fig. 4, and the main difference from Fig. 4 is that there is no need to perform step 403b, and that in step 408:
  • the first access network device sends the uplink data to the second access network device according to the tunnel address used to transmit the uplink data, which is modified to be that the first access network device sends the uplink data to the second access network device according to interface signaling.
  • Access network equipment
  • the first access network device in step 207 in FIG. 2 above sends a path switching request to the core network device, and the core network device in step 208 sends the path switch request to the first access device.
  • the network device sends a path switching request response message, and the core network device does not need to be notified of path updates during the data transmission process, which avoids signaling overhead. Because the second access network device transmits the uplink data to the core network, the first access network device sending the terminal context release message to the second access network device in step 209 is also skipped.
  • the path is not switched during the downlink data transmission process.
  • the second access network device may still be the first access network device.
  • the network access device provides the context of the terminal, and allocates a tunnel address for transmitting uplink data to the first access network device.
  • the second access network device may send information for retaining the context of the terminal to the first access network device, and the first access network device may receive the context of retaining the terminal sent by the second access network device Indicates that the second access network device will retain the context of the terminal.
  • the information for retaining the context of the terminal may be carried in a response message for acquiring the context of the terminal, or in other messages. Therefore, the first access network device does not send a terminal context release message to the second access network device.
  • the second access network device may send information indicating that the anchor point access network device is unchanged to the first access network device, and the first access network device may receive the anchor point indication sent by the second access network device
  • the information that the access network device is unchanged indicates that the second access network device will keep the anchor point access network device unchanged.
  • the information that keeps the anchor point access network equipment unchanged may be carried in the response message for acquiring the context of the terminal, or in other messages. Therefore, the first access network device does not send a terminal context release message to the second access network device.
  • the first access network device instructs the terminal to recover In the connected state, a tunnel for transmitting uplink data is established between the second interface network device and the first access network device, so that the transmission path of the terminal's uplink data is: terminal-first access network device-second connection Network access equipment-core network equipment.
  • the second access network equipment that provided services to it last time remains unchanged.
  • the second access network device forwards the radio resource control release message to the terminal device via the first access network device, so that the terminal device enters an inactive state or an idle state.
  • the terminal in the deactivated state may directly send the uplink data to the first access network device without waiting for the restoration of the connected state.
  • the uplink data sent by the terminal in the deactivated state can be referred to as early uplink data.
  • the first access network device receives the transmission from the terminal in the deactivated state.
  • the early uplink data may be sent to the second access network device, and the second access network device sends the early uplink data to the core network device.
  • the terminal can send a radio resource control recovery request message to the first access network device, and the terminal can carry the early uplink data in the radio resource control recovery request message and send it to
  • the first access network device can of course also be carried in other messages.
  • the terminal can carry uplink data in the random access request message; in another mode, the terminal initiates the random access process, first sends a random access request message to the access network device, and receives the access The random access response message sent by the network device, and then message 3 is sent to the access network device.
  • the terminal may also carry uplink data in the message 3. In this process, the terminal may carry indication information used to indicate small data transmission requirements.
  • the terminal in the idle state has uplink data that needs to be sent to the core network, the terminal can carry the uplink data in the RRC establishment request message, or random access request message, or other RRC messages.
  • the first access network device When the first access network device sends the early uplink data to the second access network device, it can be sent through the tunnel address or through interface signaling. Which method is used to send the early uplink data? It is determined by the second access network device, or may be determined by the first access network device, and the process can refer to the process shown in FIG. 3.
  • Step 501 The terminal in the deactivated state sends a radio resource control resume request message (RRC resume request) to the first access network device.
  • the radio resource control resume request message includes the configuration of the second access network device for the terminal I-RNTI, and early uplink data.
  • the first access network device receives the radio resource control recovery request message sent by the terminal in the deactivated state, and learns the identity of the second access network device according to the I-RNTI included in the radio resource control recovery request message.
  • the second access network device is a device that configures the terminal to enter the deactivated state.
  • the second access network device changes the terminal from the connected state to the deactivated state, the second access network device can notify the terminal I- RNTI, so that the terminal can carry the I-RNTI in the radio resource control recovery request to indicate that the terminal wants to enter the connected state.
  • Step 502 Send a request message (retrieve UE context request) for acquiring the context of the terminal to the second access network device.
  • the first access network device requests the second access network device for the context of the terminal according to the learned identifier of the second access network device. Specifically, the request message for obtaining the context of the terminal may be sent to the second access network device. UE context request).
  • the first access network device may also carry indication information for instructing the establishment of an uplink tunnel in the request message for acquiring the context of the terminal, that is, the first access network device requests to establish an uplink tunnel with the second access network device, so that The first access network device sends the early uplink data to the second access network device through the tunnel address.
  • the first access network device Since the first access network device already knows the bearer identifier or logical channel identifier or PDU session identifier of the early uplink data to be transmitted, in order to establish only these bearer or logical channel tunnels, the first access network device may also request in the context
  • the message carries a specific identifier for requesting establishment, for example, it may be a DBR identifier, a logical channel identifier, or a PDU session identifier.
  • a logical channel identifier list such as LCID1, LCID2, etc., so that the second access network device informs the first access network device of the UL tunnel addresses corresponding to LCID1 and LCID1, and the tunnel addresses corresponding to LCID2 and LCID2 in step 503;
  • a list of DRB identifiers such as DRB1, DRB2, etc., so that the second access network device informs the first access network device of the UL tunnel addresses corresponding to DRB1 and DRB1, and the tunnel addresses corresponding to DRB2 and DRB2 in step 503.
  • the instruction information used to instruct the establishment of the uplink tunnel carried in the context request message may be sent by the terminal to the first access network device, or may be generated by the first access network device itself according to the demand for sending uplink data. If the terminal sends instruction information for instructing the establishment of an uplink tunnel to the first access network device, the data forwarding address instruction message may be carried in the radio resource control recovery request message in step 501.
  • Step 503 The second access network device sends a failure message (retrieve UE context failure) for acquiring the context of the terminal to the first access network device.
  • a failure message (retrieve UE context failure) for acquiring the context of the terminal to the first access network device.
  • the first access network device receives the failure message of the context of the deactivated terminal sent by the second access network device, and the failure message includes the tunnel address used to transmit the uplink data.
  • Step 504 The first access network device sends the early uplink data to the second access network device according to the tunnel address used to transmit the uplink data.
  • Step 505 The second access network device may send the uplink data to the core network device.
  • the core network device When the core network device has downlink data transmitted to the terminal, the core network device transmits the downlink data to the second access network device, and the second access network device transmits the downlink data to the first access network device. The network equipment then transmits the downlink data to the terminal.
  • the second access network device may send the downlink data sent by the core network to the terminal to the first access network device, and the first access network device sends the downlink data to the terminal.
  • the second access network device When the second access network device sends downlink data to the first access network device, one way may be that the downlink data is carried in the data sent by the second access network device to the first access network device in step 503.
  • the response message for obtaining the context of the terminal (retrieve UE context response), that is, the first access network device receives the response message for obtaining the context of the terminal sent by the second access network device, and the response message includes downlink data;
  • One way may be to send the downlink data as a single message in step 506 in FIG. 5.
  • the second access network device may send the downlink data to the first access network device through the downlink tunnel.
  • the first access network device may send the data shown in step 206 to the second access network device.
  • the data forwarding address indication message includes a tunnel address used to transmit downlink data
  • the second access network device may transfer the downlink data according to the tunnel address used to transmit downlink data Sent to the first access network device
  • the first access network device receives the downlink data according to the tunnel address used to transmit the downlink data
  • the data forwarding address indication message sent by the first access network device to the second access network device It may be a single message, or it may be carried in the request message (retrieve UE context request) sent by the first access network device in step 502 to the second access network device to obtain the context of the terminal.
  • the new base station and the upper A tunnel for transmitting uplink data is established between the base stations providing services for the second time, so that the transmission path of the terminal’s uplink data is: terminal-first access network equipment-second access network equipment-core network equipment.
  • the base station that serves it remains unchanged. During the data transmission process, there is no need to notify the core network equipment of path updates, which reduces signaling overhead.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides an early uplink data transmission process as shown in FIG. 6:
  • Step 601 is the same as step 501 in FIG. 5.
  • Step 602 The first access network device sends a request message (retrieve UE context request) for acquiring the context of the terminal to the second access network device, where the request message carries early uplink data.
  • a request message (retrieve UE context request) for acquiring the context of the terminal to the second access network device, where the request message carries early uplink data.
  • Step 603 The second access network device sends the early uplink data to the core network.
  • Step 604 The second access network device sends a failure message for acquiring the context of the terminal to the first access network device to notify that the first access network device fails to acquire the context of the terminal, and the first access network device does not indicate The terminal in the deactivated state enters the connected state.
  • the second access network device may also send downlink data to the first access network device.
  • the downlink data may be carried in the failure message for obtaining the context of the terminal in step 604, or may be a separate message to send the downlink data.
  • FIG. 6 only lists the downlink data sent by the core network device to the terminal in the failure message for acquiring the context of the terminal by the second access network device. That is, in step 604, the first access network device receives a failure message for acquiring the context of the terminal sent by the second access network device, where the failure message includes downlink data.
  • the terminal in the deactivated state leaves the second access network device for which the service was last provided, and moves to the coverage area of the first access network device, the terminal moves to the first access network device in the deactivated state.
  • An access network device sends early uplink data.
  • the transmission path of the terminal’s early uplink data is: terminal-first access network equipment-second access network equipment-core network equipment. After the terminal moved, it was last provided for it The second access network equipment of the service remains unchanged. During the data transmission process, there is no need to notify the core network equipment of path updates, which reduces signaling overhead.
  • the access network equipment can include two parts: DU and CU.
  • CU and DU can be divided according to the protocol layer of the wireless network, such as the PDCP layer and The functions of the above protocol layers are set in the CU, and the protocol layers below PDCP, such as the RLC layer and MAC layer, are set in the DU.
  • the CU has functions above the PDCP layer (including PDCP, RRC, and SDAP), and the DU has functions below the PDCP layer (including RLC, MAC, and PHY).
  • This type of protocol layer division is just an example, it can also be divided in other protocol layers, for example, in the RLC layer, the functions of the RLC layer and above protocol layers are set in the CU, and the functions of the protocol layers below the RLC layer are set in the DU; Or, in a certain protocol layer, for example, part of the functions of the RLC layer and the functions of the protocol layer above the RLC layer are set in the CU, and the remaining functions of the RLC layer and the functions of the protocol layer below the RLC layer are set in the DU. In addition, it can also be divided in other ways, for example, by time delay, and functions that need to meet the delay requirement for processing time are set in the DU, and functions that do not need to meet the delay requirement are set in the CU.
  • One DU can support one or more cells.
  • the radio frequency device can be remote, not placed in the DU, can also be integrated in the DU, or part of the remote part is integrated in the DU, and there is no restriction here.
  • the interface between DU and terminal is called Uu interface
  • the interface between DU and CU is called F1 interface
  • the interface between CU and other access network equipment is called Xn interface.
  • Step 701a The terminal in the deactivated state sends a radio resource control resume request message (RRC resume request) to the DU, and the radio resource control resume request message includes the I-RNTI configured by the second access network device for the terminal. And early upstream data.
  • RRC resume request radio resource control resume request message
  • the DU receives the radio resource control recovery request message sent by the terminal in the deactivated state.
  • step 701a The difference between this step 701a and step 501 in FIG. 5 is that the first access network device in step 501 in FIG. 5 is replaced with a DU.
  • Step 701b The DU sends an initial UE RRC delivery message to the CU.
  • the I-RNTI in the radio resource control recovery request message sent by the terminal to the DU can learn the identity of the second access network device. It can be that the DU learns the identity of the second access network device according to the I-RNTI, and the initial UE RRC The transfer message includes the identity of the second access network device, or the DU sends the radio resource control recovery request message to the CU, and the CU learns the identity of the second access network device according to the I-RNTI, and the initial UE RRC I-RNTI is included in the delivery message.
  • the initial UE RRC delivery message includes early uplink data.
  • the DU can also include the context request message Carry the specific identifier requested to be established, for example, it may be a DBR identifier, a logical channel identifier, or a PDU session identifier.
  • the CU informs the DU the UL tunnel addresses corresponding to LCID1 and LCID1, and the tunnel addresses corresponding to LCID2 and LCID2 in step 702;
  • a list of DRB identifiers such as DRB1, DRB2, etc.
  • the CU informs the DU of the UL tunnel addresses corresponding to DRB1 and DRB1, and the tunnel addresses corresponding to DRB2 and DRB2.
  • Step 702 The CU requests the second access network device for the context of the terminal. Specifically, it may send a request message for acquiring the context of the terminal (retrieve UE context request) to the second access network device. It includes indication information for instructing to establish an uplink tunnel, and may also include the type of the uplink tunnel.
  • step 702 The difference between this step 702 and step 502 in FIG. 5 is that the first access network device in step 502 in FIG. 5 is replaced with a CU.
  • Step 703 The second access network device sends a retrieve UE context failure message to the CU to notify the CU of the failure to obtain the context of the terminal.
  • the second access network device may also carry the failure message Downlink data, that is, the CU receives the failure message for acquiring the context of the terminal sent by the second access network device, and the failure message includes the tunnel address used to transmit the uplink data.
  • step 703 The difference between this step 703 and step 503 in FIG. 5 is that the first access network device in step 503 in FIG. 5 is replaced with a CU.
  • Step 704 The CU sends the early uplink data to the second access network device according to the tunnel address used to transmit the uplink data.
  • step 704 The difference between this step 704 and step 504 in FIG. 5 is that the first access network device in step 504 in FIG. 5 is replaced with a CU.
  • Step 705 The second access network device sends the uplink data to the core network device. It is the same as step 505 in FIG. 5.
  • Step 706a The second access network device sends downlink data to the CU, and the CU receives the downlink data sent by the second access network device.
  • step 706a The difference between this step 706a and step 506 in FIG. 5 is that the first access network device in step 506 in FIG. 5 is replaced with a CU.
  • the CU sends a downlink data UE RRC transfer message (DL UE RRC message transfer) to the DU, and the downlink data UE RRC transfer message includes downlink data.
  • DL UE RRC message transfer DL UE RRC message transfer
  • the subsequent DU can send the downlink data to the terminal.
  • Step 801a The terminal in the deactivated state sends a radio resource control resume request message (RRC resume request) to the DU.
  • the radio resource control resume request message includes the I-RNTI configured by the second access network device for the terminal. And early upstream data.
  • the DU receives the radio resource control recovery request message sent by the terminal in the deactivated state.
  • step 801a The difference between this step 801a and step 601 in FIG. 6 is that the first access network device in step 601 in FIG. 6 is replaced with a DU.
  • Step 801b The DU sends an initial UE RRC transfer message to the CU, and the initial UE RRC transfer message includes early uplink data.
  • the DU sends the radio resource control recovery request message to the CU, and the CU learns the identity of the second access network device according to the I-RNTI, and the initial UE RRC transfer message includes the I-RNTI.
  • Step 802 The CU requests the second access network device for the context of the terminal according to the identifier of the second access network device. Specifically, it may send a request message (retrieve UE context request) to the second access network device to obtain the context of the terminal. , The request message carries early uplink data.
  • step 802 and step 602 in FIG. 6 The difference between step 802 and step 602 in FIG. 6 is that the first access network device in step 602 in FIG. 6 is replaced with a CU.
  • Step 803 The second access network device sends the early uplink data to the core network device.
  • Step 804a The second access network device sends to the CU the failure information of the context of the deactivated terminal (retrieve UE context failure) to notify the CU that the context of the terminal fails to be obtained, and the second access network device can also fail
  • the message carries downlink data, that is, the CU receives a failure message for acquiring the context of the terminal sent by the second access network device, and the failure message includes the downlink data.
  • step 804a The difference between step 804a and step 604 in FIG. 6 is that the first access network device in step 604 in FIG. 6 is replaced with a CU.
  • Step 804b The CU sends a downlink data UE RRC transfer message (DL UE RRC message transfer) to the DU.
  • the downlink data UE RRC transfer message includes the context failure information of the terminal (retrieve UE context failure) and downlink data.
  • the subsequent DU can send downlink data to the terminal.
  • an uplink tunnel can be established between the DU and the CU to transmit uplink data, or a downlink tunnel can be established to transmit downlink data.
  • the initial UE RRC transfer message sent by the DU to the CU can be It does not include early uplink data, but includes indication information for instructing the establishment of an uplink tunnel, including one or more of the following: LCID list, DRB ID list, and PDU session list.
  • the CU may send the tunnel address used to transmit uplink data to the DU.
  • the CU may send a downlink data UE RRC transfer message to the DU.
  • the downlink data UE RRC transfer message includes the tunnel address used to transmit uplink data.
  • the DU and A new message format may also be specified between CUs to carry the tunnel address used to transmit uplink data.
  • the tunnel address used to transmit the uplink data is the same as the above-mentioned tunnel address, and will not be repeated here.
  • the process of establishing a tunnel between the DU and the CU is similar to the process of establishing a tunnel between the access network devices described above, and the similarities will not be repeated.
  • the terminal can send uplink data or signaling to the DU.
  • the uplink data or signaling can be carried in the RRC setup request message sent by the terminal to the DU, or random access In the request message, or in other RRC messages.
  • the terminal sends early uplink data or signaling in the idle state, and the uplink data or signaling transmission between the CU and the DU is similar to the foregoing process of sending uplink data.
  • an uplink tunnel can be established between the DU and CU to transmit uplink data, or a downlink tunnel can be established to transmit downlink data. If the uplink tunnel is used to transmit uplink data, the initial UE RRC transfer message sent by the DU to the CU may not include early uplink data.
  • the terminal in the dual link state establishes a communication connection with the main device (generally a base station) and also establishes a communication connection with the auxiliary device.
  • the main device is device 1
  • the auxiliary device is device 2. If the device 1 switches the terminal in the connected state to the inactive state, the device 1 releases the added bottom configuration of the saved service node for dual linking of the terminal, such as the RLC layer, MAC layer and other configurations.
  • the terminal in the deactivated state moves to the coverage area of the auxiliary device (device 2) during the movement, that is, the terminal reselects to the device 2 when the terminal is performing cell reselection.
  • the terminal executes the process shown in Figure 2 to send an RRC recovery message to the auxiliary device, and then transmits the uplink data through the auxiliary base station.
  • This is also the need to notify the core network equipment to perform path switching, which brings signaling overhead.
  • How to restore the dual link of the terminal and avoid signaling overhead caused by path switching is a technical problem that needs to be resolved. Based on this, this application proposes a data transmission method.
  • the first access network device can send to the second access network device (the master device) instructions to establish a dual link for the terminal, and instruct the second access
  • the network equipment is the main access network equipment, and the first access network equipment is the auxiliary access network equipment.
  • the second access network device After the second access network device establishes a dual link for the terminal, if the first access network device is receiving the uplink data sent by the terminal, the first access network device can send the uplink data to the second access network device.
  • the second access network device sends the uplink data to the core network, and the core network device does not need to be notified of path updates during the data transmission process, thereby avoiding signaling overhead.
  • link in this application can also be referred to as a link.
  • the instruction information that the first access network device sends to the second access network device to establish dual links for the terminal may be generated by the first access network device itself according to its deployment.
  • the first access network device only supports industrial
  • the instruction information for establishing a dual link during network time or the instruction information for establishing a dual link for the terminal generated when a delay-sensitive terminal device accesses, may also be sent by the terminal to the first access network device.
  • the instruction information for instructing to establish the dual link for the terminal may be the radio resource control carried in step 201 in FIG. 2
  • the recovery request message can also be carried in other messages, or other message formats can carry indication information for indicating small data transmission requirements.
  • the terminal sends indication information for indicating small data transmission requirements. The method is not limited.
  • the instruction information for instructing the establishment of the dual link for the terminal may be carried in step 202 in FIG. 2
  • the request message for obtaining the context of the terminal in the above can also be carried in other existing messages or specify a new message format to carry instruction information for instructing the establishment of a dual link for the terminal.
  • the indication information used to indicate the establishment of a dual link for the terminal includes but is not limited to one or more of the following: information used to indicate that there is small data transmission, information used to indicate that the anchor point access network device is unchanged, Information used to indicate the establishment of a dual link, and information used to indicate that the context of the terminal is not transferred.
  • the first access network device When the first access network device sends the uplink data to the second access network device, it may be sent through the tunnel address or through interface signaling.
  • Step 901 A radio resource control recovery request message sent by the terminal to the first access network device, where the request message carries indication information for instructing to establish a dual link for the terminal. That is, the first access network device receives the radio resource control recovery request message sent by the terminal in the deactivated state, and the radio resource control recovery request message includes instruction information for instructing to establish a dual link for the terminal.
  • the indication information used to instruct the establishment of a dual link for the terminal can be information used to indicate that there is small data transmission, it can also be information used to indicate that the anchor point access network device is unchanged, or it can be used to indicate the establishment of a dual link Information, which indicates that the context of the terminal is not to be transferred.
  • Step 902 A request message for acquiring the context of the terminal sent by the first access network device to the second access network device, where the request message for acquiring the context of the terminal carries indication information for instructing to establish a dual link for the terminal. That is, the second access network device receives the request message for acquiring the context of the terminal sent by the first access network device, and the request message for acquiring the context of the terminal includes instruction information for instructing to establish a dual link for the terminal.
  • the instruction information for instructing to establish a dual link for the terminal may be used to notify the second access network device to receive the uplink data sent by the first access network device, and to send the uplink data to the core network device.
  • Step 903a The first access network device receives the context failure message of the terminal in the deactivated state sent by the second access network device (retrieve UE context failure).
  • the failure message for acquiring the context of the terminal includes, but is not limited to, one or more of the following: information used to indicate that there is small data transmission, information used to indicate that the anchor point access network device is unchanged, and information used to indicate establishment Double-linked information is used to indicate that the context of the terminal is not transferred.
  • Step 903b The first access network device receives a service node addition request message (SN addition) sent by the second access network device.
  • the service node addition request message includes the context of the terminal and the information used to transmit uplink data. Tunnel address.
  • the indication information used to indicate the establishment of the uplink tunnel address may be carried in the response message of the context of the deactivated terminal in step 903a in FIG. 9. Of course, it can also be carried in other existing messages, or a new message format can be specified to carry the tunnel address used to transmit uplink data.
  • the second access network device establishes a dual link for the terminal.
  • the second access network device can be used as the main access network device, and the first access network device is used as the auxiliary access network device according to the instruction information.
  • the device may send the request information for service node addition to the first access network device, and inquire whether the first access network device agrees to be the auxiliary access network device of the terminal.
  • Step 903c The first access network device sends the service node addition response information (SN addition response) to the second access network device.
  • the first access network device may send response information added by the service node to the second access network device.
  • Step 904 The first access network device instructs the terminal in the deactivated state to enter the connected state according to the context of the terminal. Specifically, it may be sending a radio resource control resume message (RRC resume) to the terminal. It is the same as step 204 in FIG. 2.
  • RRC resume radio resource control resume message
  • the terminal enters the connected state from the deactivated state.
  • Step 905 After entering the connected state, the terminal may send a radio resource control resume complete message (RRC resume complete) to the first access network device. It is the same as step 205 in FIG. 2.
  • RRC resume complete radio resource control resume complete
  • Step 906 The first access network device sends a data forwarding address indication message to the second access network device.
  • the first access network device After the first access network device determines that the terminal enters the connected state, it can provide the second access network device with a tunnel address for transmitting downlink data. Specifically, it can send a data forwarding address indication message to the second access network device ( data forwarding address indication), the data forwarding address indication message includes a tunnel address used to transmit downlink data. In this way, after receiving the downlink data sent by the core network, the second access network device sends the downlink data to the first access network device through the tunnel address.
  • Step 903d After determining that the terminal enters the connected state, that is, after step 907, the first access network device may send a service node configuration complete message (SN configuration complete) to the second access network device.
  • SN configuration complete service node configuration complete
  • Subsequent terminals in the connected state can send uplink data to the first access network device.
  • the first access network device After the first access network device receives the uplink data sent by the terminal in the connected state, it can use the tunnel address used to transmit uplink data in step 903b to change The uplink data is sent to the second access network device, and the second access network device sends the uplink data to the core network device.
  • the terminal may also be in a multi-link state.
  • the terminal can also When connected with other access network equipment, the first access network equipment receives the uplink data sent by the terminal in the connected state, and then sends the uplink data to other access network equipment, and the other access network equipment sends the uplink data to the second access network equipment. ⁇ Net equipment. If there is one other access network device, the terminal is in three links, if there are two other access network devices, the terminal is in four links, and so on.
  • the first access network device When the first access network device sends the uplink data to the second access network device, it may be sent through the tunnel address or through interface signaling. Which method to use to send uplink data may be determined by the second access network device or the first access network device. For the process, refer to the process shown in FIG. 3.
  • the second access network device does not need to send the tunnel address for transmitting uplink data to the first access network device, and the first access network device The network access device sends the uplink data to the second access network device according to the interface signaling.
  • the first access network device may also send instruction information for instructing the establishment of an uplink tunnel to the second access network device.
  • the sending process is similar to the process in the corresponding embodiment in FIG. 3, and will not be omitted here. Go ahead.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a data transmission process as shown in FIG. 10:
  • Step 101 to step 102 are the same as step 901 and step 902 in FIG. 9.
  • Step 103 The second access network device sends a deactivated terminal context response message (retrieve UE context response) sent by the second access network device to the first access network device, including the context of the terminal and the tunnel address used to transmit uplink data .
  • a deactivated terminal context response message (retrieve UE context response) sent by the second access network device to the first access network device, including the context of the terminal and the tunnel address used to transmit uplink data .
  • the response information used to instruct to obtain the context of the terminal includes, but is not limited to, one or more of the following: information used to indicate the restoration of the connected state, the tunnel address (UL tunnel address) used to transmit uplink data, and the master device Terminated SCG bearer configuration information (MN terminated SCG bearer), signaling radio bearer SRB configuration information.
  • Step 104 The first access network device instructs the terminal in the deactivated state to enter the connected state according to the context of the terminal. Specifically, it may be sending a radio resource control resume message (RRC resume) to the terminal. It is the same as step 906 in FIG. 9.
  • RRC resume radio resource control resume message
  • the terminal enters the connected state from the deactivated state.
  • Step 105 After entering the connected state, the terminal may send a radio resource control resume complete message (RRC resume complete) to the first access network device. It is the same as step 907 in FIG. 9.
  • RRC resume complete radio resource control resume complete
  • the terminal in the connected state can send uplink data to the first access network device.
  • the first access network device After the first access network device receives the uplink data sent by the terminal in the connected state, it can use the tunnel address used to transmit uplink data in step 904 to change The uplink data is sent to the second access network device, and the second access network device sends the uplink data to the core network device.
  • Step 106 The first access network device sends a data forwarding address indication message (data forwarding address indication) to the second access network device.
  • the first access network device After the first access network device determines that the terminal enters the connected state, that is, after step 105, it can provide the second access network device with a tunnel address for transmitting downlink data, which can specifically be sent to the second access network device.
  • a data forwarding address indication message (data forwarding address indication), where the data forwarding address indication message includes a tunnel address used to transmit downlink data.
  • the second access network device After receiving the downlink data sent by the core network, the second access network device sends the downlink data to the first access network device through the tunnel address.
  • Step 107 The terminal in the connected state sends uplink data to the first access network device.
  • Step 108 The first access network device receives the uplink data sent by the terminal, and sends the uplink data to the second access network device according to the tunnel address used to transmit the uplink data.
  • Step 109 The second access network device may send the uplink data to the core network device.
  • the first access network device sends to the second access network device the instruction information for establishing the dual link for the terminal, and the dual link state of the terminal is restored, so that the subsequent first access network device can update the terminal's uplink data Sent to the second access network device, and sent by the second access network device to the core network device, without notifying the core network path switch, which avoids signaling overhead.
  • the first access network device 2 When the access network device sends uplink data, whether it sends the uplink data through the uplink tunnel or the interface signaling. The determination process is applicable to each embodiment.
  • the first access network device sends the uplink data to The second access network device sends a data forwarding address indication message, where the data forwarding address indication message includes a tunnel address for transmitting downlink data, which is applicable to each embodiment.
  • the various embodiments can be extended with reference to each other, and the implementation manner obtained after the extension is cross-referenced. All belong to the protection scope of this application.
  • the first access network device may also determine whether the terminal has completed uplink data transmission. After determining that the terminal has completed the uplink data transmission, the first access network device may send uplink data to the second access network device.
  • a data transmission end indication message which can be used to indicate that the terminal has completed uplink data transmission.
  • the uplink data end indication message may be indicated by the end marker data packet transmitted in the uplink data tunnel address.
  • the indication message may also be interface signaling, indicating the end of the uplink transmission of the PDU session or the end of the data bearer Uplink transmission.
  • the first access network device determines whether the terminal has completed the process of uplink data transmission, which may be notified by the terminal to the first access network device, or determined by the first access network device according to the time when the data is sent, for example Set the timer. After the timer expires, it is considered that the terminal has completed the uplink data transmission. It can also be an auxiliary decision of the core network. For example, the core network informs the first access network device of the number of data packets that the terminal can transmit. When an access network device recognizes that the terminal has transmitted the maximum number of data packets, it is considered that the terminal has completed the uplink data transmission.
  • the second access network device can also determine whether the core network has completed the downlink data transmission. After the second access network device determines that the core network device has completed the downlink data transmission, the second access network device can also communicate to the first access network device.
  • the network access device sends a downlink data end indication message, where the downlink data end indication message may be used to indicate that the core network device has completed downlink data transmission.
  • the downlink data end indication message may be indicated by an end marker data packet (end marker) transmitted in the address of the downlink data tunnel, and the downlink data tunnel may be a PDU session tunnel, a DRB tunnel, a logical channel tunnel, etc.
  • the indication message may also be interface signaling, indicating that the PDU session ends downlink transmission or the data bearer ends downlink transmission.
  • the downlink data end transmission indication information may be sent by the core network to the second access network device.
  • the second access network device determines whether the core network has completed the process of downlink data transmission.
  • the core network may notify the second access network device through an end identification data packet, or it may notify the second access network device through interface signaling. Connected to the network equipment.
  • the first access network device may send an RRC connected release message to the terminal.
  • the RRC connected release message may include suspendlndication and downlink data.
  • the terminal may also initiate a random access procedure to the first access network device, which may be that the terminal first accesses the first access network device.
  • the network device sends a random access request message (random access preamble), and receives a random access response message (random access response) sent by the access network device.
  • the methods and/or steps implemented by the terminal can also be implemented by components (such as chips or circuits) that can be used in the terminal, and the access network device (such as the first access network device) (2)
  • the methods and/or steps implemented by the second access network device can also be implemented by components that can be used in the access network device, and the methods and/or steps implemented by the core network device or core network node can also be implemented by Core network equipment or core network node component realization.
  • the terminal device and/or the access network device can perform some or all of the steps in the embodiment of this application. These steps or operations are only examples, and the embodiment of this application can also perform other operations or Variations of various operations. In addition, each step may be executed in a different order presented in the embodiment of the present application, and it may not be necessary to perform all the operations in the embodiment of the present application.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a data transmission device, which is used to implement the foregoing various methods.
  • the data transmission device may be a terminal involved in each of the foregoing method embodiments, or a device containing the foregoing terminal, or a component that can be used in terminal equipment; or, the data transmission device may be a terminal involved in each of the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the accessed access network equipment (for example, the first access network equipment, the second access network equipment), or the device containing the aforementioned access network equipment, or is a component that can be used for the access network equipment; or, the data transmission device It may also be a core network node involved in each of the foregoing method embodiments, or an apparatus including the foregoing core network node, or a component that can be used for a core network node. It can be understood that, in order to realize the above-mentioned functions, the data transmission device includes hardware structures and/or software modules corresponding to each function.
  • the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a certain function is executed by hardware or computer software-driven hardware depends on the specific application and design constraint conditions of the technical solution. Professionals and technicians can use different methods for each specific application to implement the described functions, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.
  • the embodiments of the present application may divide the data transmission device into functional modules according to the foregoing method embodiments.
  • each functional module may be divided corresponding to each function, or two or more functions may be integrated into one processing module.
  • the above-mentioned integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional modules. It should be noted that the division of modules in the embodiments of the present application is illustrative, and is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a data transmission system 1100.
  • the data transmission system 1100 includes a system for performing the above-mentioned FIGS.
  • the first access network device 1102 is configured to send a request message for acquiring the context of the terminal to the second access network device 1103, where the request message for acquiring the context of the terminal includes a request message for indicating small data transmission requirements.
  • the second access network device 1103 is configured to send the context of the terminal and the tunnel address used to transmit uplink data to the first access network device 1102;
  • the first access network device 1102 is further configured to receive the context of the terminal and the tunnel address used to transmit uplink data sent by the second access network device 1103, and instruct the terminal according to the context of the terminal
  • the terminal enters the connected state, receives the uplink data sent by the terminal, and sends the uplink data to the second access network device 1103 according to the tunnel address;
  • the second access network device 1103 is also used to send the uplink data to the core network device 1104.
  • the indication information used to indicate small data transmission requirements includes one or more of the following: information used to indicate that small data transmission is available, and information used to indicate that the anchor point access network device does not The changed information is used to indicate that the context of the terminal is not to be transferred.
  • the terminal 1101 is used to send a radio resource control recovery request message to the first access network device 1102, and the request message includes indication information for indicating small data transmission requirements.
  • the second access network device 1103 when used to send the context of the terminal and the tunnel address used to transmit uplink data to the first access network device 1102, it is specifically used to:
  • the second access network device 1103 sends a response message for acquiring the context of the terminal to the first access network device 1102, where the response message for acquiring the context of the terminal includes the context of the terminal and a tunnel address used to transmit uplink data.
  • the tunnel address used to transmit uplink data includes: a protocol data unit PDU session identifier and/or uplink forwarding information;
  • the uplink forwarding information includes:
  • the uplink data forwarding address corresponding to the PDU session or,
  • At least one wireless data bearer list and the uplink data forwarding address corresponding to each wireless data bearer list At least one wireless data bearer list and the uplink data forwarding address corresponding to each wireless data bearer list
  • At least one LCID list and the uplink data forwarding address corresponding to each LCID list At least one LCID list and the uplink data forwarding address corresponding to each LCID list.
  • the first access network device 1102 is further configured to send an uplink data end transmission indication message to the second access network device 1103, and the uplink data end transmission indication message is used to indicate The terminal has completed uplink data transmission.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a data transmission device 1200.
  • the data transmission device 1200 can correspondingly implement the operations of the corresponding terminal in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the data transmission device 1200 can be a terminal or a component (chip or circuit) that can be used in a terminal. .
  • the data transmission device 1200 may include: a processing module 1201, a sending module 1202, and a receiving module 1203; the sending module 1202 is used for sending data; the receiving module 1203 is used for receiving data.
  • the sending module 1202 is configured to send a request message for acquiring the context of the terminal to the second access network device, wherein The context request message includes indication information for indicating small data transmission requirements, the device is the access network device currently serving the terminal, and the second access network device is for configuring the terminal to enter and deactivate State access network equipment; a receiving module 1203, configured to receive the context of the terminal and a tunnel address used to transmit uplink data sent by the second access network equipment; a processing module 1201, configured according to the terminal’s The context indicates that the terminal enters the connected state; the receiving module 1203 is also used to receive uplink data sent by the terminal, and the processing module 1201 is also used to send the uplink data to the second access according to the
  • the indication information used to indicate small data transmission requirements includes one or more of the following: information used to indicate that small data transmission is available, and information used to indicate that the anchor point access network device does not The changed information is used to indicate that the context of the terminal is not to be transferred.
  • the receiving module 1203 is further configured to receive a radio resource control recovery request message sent by the terminal, where the request message includes indication information for indicating small data transmission requirements.
  • the receiving module 1203 when the receiving module 1203 is used to receive the context of the terminal and the tunnel address used to transmit uplink data sent by the second access network device, it is specifically used to: receive the second access A response message for acquiring the context of the terminal sent by the network access device, where the response message for acquiring the context of the terminal includes the context of the terminal and a tunnel address used to transmit uplink data.
  • the tunnel address used to transmit uplink data includes: protocol data unit PDU session identifier and/or uplink forwarding information; wherein, the uplink forwarding information includes: PDU session correspondence Or, at least one wireless data bearer list and the uplink data forwarding address corresponding to each wireless data bearer list; or at least one LCID list and the uplink data forwarding address corresponding to each LCID list.
  • the sending module 1202 is further configured to send an uplink data end transmission instruction message to the second access network device, where the uplink data end transmission instruction message is used to indicate that the terminal has completed the uplink data transmission. data transmission.
  • the data transmission apparatus 1300 may include one or more processors 1301, and the processors 1301 may also be referred to as processing units or processing modules, which may implement certain control functions.
  • the processor 1301 may be a general-purpose processor or a special-purpose processor. For example, it can be a baseband processor or a central processing unit.
  • the baseband processor can be used to process communication protocols and communication data
  • the central processor can be used to control data transmission devices (such as base stations, baseband chips, DU, or CU, etc.), execute software programs, and process software programs. data.
  • the processor 1301 may also store instructions, and the instructions may be executed by the processor, so that the data transmission device 1300 executes the corresponding terminal or access information described in the above method embodiments.
  • Network equipment first access network equipment or second access network equipment.
  • the data transmission device 1300 may include a circuit, and the circuit may implement the sending or receiving or communication function in the foregoing method embodiment.
  • the data transmission device may include one or more memories 1303, on which information such as instructions or data are stored, and the instructions may be executed on the processor to enable the data transmission device 1200 to execute The method described in the above method embodiment.
  • other related data may also be stored in the memory.
  • instructions and/or data may also be stored in the processor.
  • the processor and memory can be provided separately or integrated together.
  • the data transmission apparatus may further include a transceiver 1302.
  • the processor 1301 may be referred to as a processing unit.
  • the transceiver 1302 may be called a transceiver unit, a transceiver, a transceiver circuit, an interface circuit, or a transceiver, etc., for implementing the transceiver function of the data transmission device.
  • a data transmission device may include a processor and a transceiver. If the data transmission apparatus is used to implement operations corresponding to the terminal in the embodiment shown in Figures 2-10, for example, the transceiver can send a radio resource control recovery request message to the first access network device, and the specific processing method is Reference may be made to the related description of the foregoing embodiment. If the data transmission apparatus is used to implement the operation corresponding to the first access network device in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 10, for example, the transceiver may receive the radio resource control recovery request message sent by the terminal and send it to the first 2.
  • the transceiver may receive the radio resource control recovery request message sent by the terminal and send it to the first 2.
  • the access network device sends a request message for acquiring the context of the terminal, and receives a response message for acquiring the context of the terminal sent by the second access network device.
  • the transceiver may receive a request from the first access network device to obtain the context of the terminal. Message, and a response message for acquiring the context of the terminal sent to the second access network device, etc.
  • the processing module 1201 in FIG. 12 may be implemented by the processor 1301, and the sending module 1202 and the receiving module 1203 may be implemented by the communication interface 1302.
  • the processor and transceiver described in this application can be implemented in integrated circuit (IC), analog IC, radio frequency integrated circuit RFIC, mixed signal IC, application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), printed circuit board ( printed circuit board, PCB), electronic equipment, etc.
  • the processor and transceiver can also be manufactured using various 1C process technologies, such as complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS), nMetal-oxide-semiconductor (NMOS), and P-type Metal oxide semiconductor (positive channel metal oxide semiconductor, PMOS), bipolar junction transistor (Bipolar Junction Transistor, BJT), bipolar CMOS (BiCMOS), silicon germanium (SiGe), gallium arsenide (GaAs), etc.
  • CMOS complementary metal oxide semiconductor
  • NMOS nMetal-oxide-semiconductor
  • PMOS bipolar junction transistor
  • BiCMOS bipolar CMOS
  • SiGe silicon germanium
  • GaAs gallium arsenide
  • the data transmission device is described by taking an access network device or a terminal as an example, the scope of the data transmission device described in this application is not limited to this.
  • the data transmission device may be a stand-alone device or may be part of a larger device.
  • the device may be:
  • the IC collection may also include storage components for storing data and/or instructions;
  • ASIC such as modem (MSM)
  • the processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), or a combination of CPU and NP.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • NP network processor
  • the processor may further include a hardware chip or other general-purpose processors.
  • the aforementioned hardware chip may be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD) or a combination thereof.
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
  • PLD programmable logic device
  • the above-mentioned PLD can be a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a generic array logic (generic array logic, GAL) and other programmable logic devices , Discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. or any combination thereof.
  • the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor or the like.
  • the memory mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory.
  • the non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), programmable read-only memory (Programmable ROM, PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (Erasable PROM, EPROM), and electrically available Erase programmable read-only memory (Electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • the volatile memory may be a random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), which is used as an external cache.
  • RAM random access memory
  • SRAM static random access memory
  • DRAM dynamic random access memory
  • DRAM synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • DDR SDRAM double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • Enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • Synchlink DRAM, SLDRAM synchronous connection dynamic random access memory
  • DR RAM Direct Rambus RAM
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a computer storage medium storing a computer program, and the computer program includes a method for performing the foregoing data transmission.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product containing instructions, which when run on a computer, cause the computer to execute the data transmission method provided above.
  • Any data transmission device provided in the embodiments of the present application may also be a chip.
  • the embodiments of the present application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application may adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, this application may adopt the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program codes.
  • a computer-usable storage media including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.
  • These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can guide a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including the instruction device.
  • the device implements the functions specified in one process or multiple processes in the flowchart and/or one block or multiple blocks in the block diagram.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded on a computer or other programmable data processing equipment, so that a series of operation steps are executed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce computer-implemented processing, so as to execute on the computer or other programmable equipment.
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing functions specified in a flow or multiple flows in the flowchart and/or a block or multiple blocks in the block diagram.

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Abstract

本申请涉及通信技术领域，公开了一种数据传输方法及装置，用以解决信令开销问题。该方法为：第一接入网设备向第二接入网设备发送包括用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息的获取终端的上下文的请求消息，第一接入网设备为当前为终端提供服务的接入网设备，第二接入网设备为配置终端进入去激活态的接入网设备；第一接入网设备接收第二接入网设备发送的终端的上下文和用于传输上行数据的隧道地址，根据上下文指示终端进入连接态；第一接入网设备根据隧道地址将终端的上行数据发送给第二接入网设备，由第二接入网设备将上行数据发送给核心网设备。第一接入网设备无需通知核心网设备进行路径切换，避免了路径切换带来的信令开销。

Description

一种数据传输方法及装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2019年03月29日提交中国专利局、申请号为201910252629.8、申请名称为“一种数据传输方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种数据传输方法及装置。
背景技术
移动通信标准规定了终端的一种状态：无线资源控制(radio resource control，RRC)的去激活(Inactive)态，处于去激活态的终端，其上下文(context)既在终端上保存，也在配置该终端进入去激活态的基站上保存。
处于去激活态的终端由配置该终端进入去激活态的基站的覆盖区域移动到新基站的覆盖区域后，配置该终端进入去激活态的基站可以看作是最后为该终端提供服务的基站(Last serving gNB)，或者锚点基站(anchor gNB)，新基站为当前为该终端提供服务的基站，此时，核心网侧仍然认为由锚点基站将上行数据传输至核心网。如果处于去激活态的终端在新基站下有上行数据待传输，新基站会通知核心网设备进行路径切换，切换路径后，由新基站将该上行数据发送给核心网设备。然而，通知核心网设备进行路径切换的过程带来了信令开销。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种数据传输方法及装置，用以解决终端在移动至新基站下，有小数据传输时，需要通知核心网路径切换而带来的信令开销的问题。
第一方面，本申请提供了一种数据传输的方法，当前为终端提供服务的第一接入网设备可以获取配置终端进入去激活态的第二接入网设备的标识，第一接入网设备可以根据第二接入网设备的标识向第二接入网设备发送获取终端的上下文的请求消息，所述获取终端的上下文的请求消息中包括用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息，当然所述用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息也可以是携带在其他的消息中发送给第二接入网设备。小数据为终端发送的小于预设字节数的数据。第二接入网设备在接收到获取终端的上下文的请求消息后，可以为该第一接入网设备提供所述终端的上下文，并且第二接入网设备在接收到用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息后，可以为所述第一接入网设备分配用于传输上行数据的隧道地址。则第一接入网设备可以接收第二接入网设备发送所述终端的上下文和用于传输上行数据的隧道地址。第一接入网设备可以根据终端的上下文指示终端进入连接态。进入连接态的终端向第一接入网设备发送上行数据，则第一接入网设备接收终端发送的上行数据，第一接入网设备可以根据第二接入网设备发送的用于传输上行数据的隧道地址，将所述上行数据发送给第二接入网设备，由第二接入网设备将上行数据发送给核心网设备。
在上行数据传输的过程中，第一接入网设备将上行数据传输给第二接入网设备，由第二接入网设备将上行数据传输给核心网，第一接入网设备无需通知核心网设备进行路径切换，可以避免路径切换带来的信令开销。
在一种可能的实现中，第二接入网设备还可以向第一接入网设备发送用于指示保留终端的上下文的指示信息，指示第二接入网设备保留所述终端的上下文，可选的，用于指示保留终端的上下文的指示信息可包括在第二接入网设备向第一接入网设备发送的获取终端的上下文的响应消息中，或者单独的消息中。从而第一接入网设备不会向第二接入网设备发送终端的上下文的释放消息，第二接入网设备将保留所述终端上下文。
在一种可能的实现中，第二接入网设备的标识是终端发送给第一接入网设备的，处于去激活态的终端存在待传输的上行数据时，可以向当前为该终端提供服务的第一接入网设备发送无线资源控制恢复请求消息，请求恢复连接态后发送上行数据，所述无线资源控制恢复请求消息中包括配置所述终端进入去激活态的第二接入网设备为所述终端配置的去激活态无线网络临时标识(inactive-network temporary identifier，I-RNTI)；第一接入网设备可以根据I-RNTI，获知第二接入网设备的标识。
在一种可能的实现中，所述用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息，包括以下的一种或多种：用于指示有小数据传输的信息，用于指示锚点接入网设备不变的信息，用于指示不转移终端的上下文的信息。以上的一种或多种信息可以为原因值，也可以为明确指示的信息等。
通过此方案，在小数据传输场景下，终端数据可经由锚点基站与核心网进行通信，可以避免与核心网的路径转移的信令流程，从而可节省信令开销。
在一种可能的实现中，第一接入网设备向第二接入网设备发送的用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息可以是终端发送给该第一接入网设备的，例如，终端向第一接入网设备发送的无线资源控制恢复请求消息，所述无线资源控制恢复请求消息中包括用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息，则第一接入网设备接收所述终端发送的无线资源控制恢复请求消息。
终端通过无线资源控制恢复请求消息告知第一接入网设备用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息，以减少信令开销。
在一种可能的实现中，终端的上下文和用于传输上行数据的隧道地址可以携带在不同的消息中，也可以是携带在同一消息中，第二接入网设备可以将终端的上下文和用于传输上行数据的隧道地址同时携带在获取终端的上下文的响应消息中，则第一接入网设备在接收所述第二接入网设备发送的所述终端的上下文和用于传输上行数据的隧道地址时，可以是第一接入网设备接收第二接入网设备发送的获取终端的上下文的响应消息，所述获取终端的上下文的响应消息中包括所述终端的上下文和用于传输上行数据的隧道地址。
通过将终端的上下文和用于传输上行数据的隧道地址同时携带在上下文回应中，可以减少信令交互。
在一种可能的实现中，所述用于传输上行数据的隧道地址，包括协议数据单元(Protocol Data Unit，PDU)会话标识、上行链路转发信息中的一种或多种；其中，所述上行链路转发信息至少包括：PDU会话对应的上行数据转发地址。
在一种可能的实现中，所述上行链路转发信息还可以包括：至少一个无线数据承载(Data Radio Bearer，DRB)列表和每个DRB列表对应的上行数据转发地址；或至少一个 逻辑信道标识(Logical Channel Identity，LCID)列表和每个LCID列表对应的上行数据转发地址。
在一种可能的实现中，所述上行链路转发信息还可以包括：至少一个服务质量QoS流标识列表，和每个服务质量流标识列表对应的PDU会话上行数据转发地址。其中，QoS流标识列表，包括一个或者多个服务质量流标识，LCID列表包括一个或多个LCID。
在一种可能的实现中，第一接入网设备还可以确定终端是否完成了上行数据传输，第一接入网设备在确定终端完成了上行数据传输时，可以向第二接入网设备发送上行数据结束传输指示消息，所述上行数据结束传输指示消息用于指示所述终端完成了上行数据传输。所述上行数据结束传输指示消息可以通过用于传输上行数据的隧道地址中传输的结束标识数据包(end marker)来表示。所述上行数据结束传输指示消息也可以是接口控制消息，例如可以是指示所述PDU会话结束上行传输的消息或者所述数据承载结束上行传输的消息。
在一种可能的实现中，第一接入网设备向第二接入网设备发送用于传输下行数据的隧道地址，第二接入网设备在接收到终端发送的下行数据时，可以将所述下行数据发送给第一接入网设备，相应的，第一接入网设备接收第二接入网设备发送的下行数据，并将下行数据发送给终端。
在一种可能的实现中，第二接入网设备还可以确定核心网是否完成了下行数据传输，第二接入网设备在确定核心网完成了下行数据传输时，可以向第一接入网设备发送下行数据结束传输指示消息，所述下行数据结束传输指示消息用于指示核心网完成了下行数据传输。所述下行数据结束传输指示消息可以通过用于传输下行数据的隧道地址中传输的结束标识数据包(end marker)来表示。所述下行数据结束传输指示消息也可以是接口控制消息，例如可以是指示所述PDU会话结束下行传输的消息或者所述数据承载结束下行传输的消息，该下行数据结束传输指示信息可以是核心网发送给第二接入网设备的。
第二方面，提供了一种数据传输的方法，处于去激活态的终端可以向当前为所述终端提供服务的第一接入网设备发送早期上行数据，则第一接入网设备接收所述终端发送的早期上行数据，第一接入网设备可以将早期上行数据发送给配置所述终端进入去激活态的第二接入网设备，由第二接入网设备将所述早期上行数据发送给核心网设备。
在上行数据传输的过程中，第一接入网设备将上行数据传输给第二接入网设备，由第二接入网设备将上行数据传输给核心网，这样第一接入网设备无需通知核心网设备进行路径切换，从而可以避免路径切换带来的信令开销。
在一种可能的实现中，处于去激活态的终端存在待传输的上行数据时，可以向第一接入网设备发送无线资源控制恢复请求消息，所述无线资源控制恢复请求消息中包括配置所述终端进入去激活态的第二接入网设备为所述终端配置的去激活态无线网络临时标识I-RNTI，以及早期上行数据；第一接入网设备接收终端发送的无线资源控制恢复请求消息，可以根据所述无线资源控制恢复请求消息中的I-RNTI，获知第二接入网设备的标识，然后第一接入网设备根据第二接入网设备的标识，向第二接入网设备发送早期上行数据。
终端通过在无线资源控制恢复请求消息中携带早期上行数据，可以减少终端与第一接入网设备间的信令开销。
在一种可能的实现中，第一接入网设备在向第二接入网设备发送早期上行数据时，可 以是通过接口信令发送的，具体可以是第一接入网设备在接收到第二接入网设备发送的无线资源控制恢复请求消息后，可以向第二接入网设备发送获取终端的上下文的请求消息，用于请求获取终端的上下文，所述获取终端的上下文的请求消息中可以包括所述早期上行数据。
第一接入网设备通过在获取终端的上下文的请求消息中携带早期上行数据，可以较好减少第一接入网设备与第二接入网设备间的信令开销。
在一种可能的实现中，第一接入网设备在向第二接入网设备发送早期上行数据时，可以通过上行隧道发送，具体可以是第一接入网设备在接收到终端设备发送的无线资源控制恢复请求消息后，可以向第二接入网设备发送用于指示建立上行隧道的指示消息。第二接入网设备在接收到第一接入网设备发送的用于指示建立上行隧道的指示消息后，可以向第一接入网设备发送用于传输上行数据的隧道地址，则第一接入网设备接收第二接入网设备发送的用于传输上行数据的隧道地址后，所述第一接入网设备根据所述隧道地址确定用于传输上行数据的隧道，并将所述早期上行数据通过确定的所述隧道发送给所述第二接入网设备。
示例性的，第一接入网设备也可以与第二接入网设备之间建立上行隧道，第一接入网设备通过上行隧道传输将早期上行数据发送给第二接入网设备。
在一种可能的实现中，第一接入网设备在接收到终端发送的无线资源控制恢复请求消息后，可以向第二接入网设备发送获取终端的上下文的请求消息，用于请求获取终端的上下文，所述获取终端的上下文的请求消息中包括用于指示建立上行隧道的指示消息。
通过将用于指示建立上行隧道的指示信息携带在获取终端的上下文的请求消息中，可以较好减少第一接入网设备与第二接入网设备间的信令开销。
在一种可能的实现中，第二接入网设备还可以在接收到第一接入网设备发送的获取终端的上下文的请求消息后，可以向第一接入网设备发送获取终端的上下文的失败消息，第二接入网设备可以将用于传输上行数据的隧道地址携带在获取终端的上下文的失败消息中，则第一接入网设备接收第二接入网设备发送的获取终端的上下文的失败消息后就可以获知用于传输上行数据的隧道地址，通过将隧道地址携带在获取终端的上下文的失败消息中，可以进而减少第一接入网设备与第二接入网速设备间的信令开销。
在一种可能的实现中，所述用于指示建立上行隧道的指示信息可以包括LCID列表、DRB ID列表、PDU会话列表中的一种或多种。
所述用于传输上行数据的隧道地址，包括以下的一种或多种：
PDU会话标识，上行链路转发信息；其中，所述上行链路转发信息至少包括：PDU会话对应的上行数据转发地址；所述上行链路转发信息还可以包括：至少一个无线数据承载(Data Radio Bearer，DRB)列表和每个DRB列表对应的上行数据转发地址；或至少一个逻辑信道标识(Logical Channel Identity，LCID)列表和每个LCID列表对应的上行数据转发地址。
在一种可能的实现中，所述上行链路转发信息还可以包括：至少一个服务质量QoS流标识列表，和每个服务质量流标识列表对应的PDU会话的上行数据转发地址。QoS流标识列表，包括一个或者多个服务质量流标识。
在一种可能的实现中，第一接入网设备可以确定终端是否完成了早期上行数据传输，第一接入网设备在确定终端完成了早期上行数据传输时，可以向第二接入网设备发送上行 数据结束传输指示消息，所述上行数据结束传输指示消息用于指示所述终端完成了早期上行数据传输。所述上行数据结束传输指示消息可以通过用于传输上行数据的隧道地址中传输的结束标识数据包(end marker)来表示。所述上行数据结束传输指示消息也可以是接口控制消息，例如可以是指示所述PDU会话结束上行传输的消息或者所述数据承载结束上行传输的消息。
在一种可能的实现中，第二接入网设备可以确定核心网是否完成了下行数据传输，第二接入网设备在确定核心网完成了下行数据传输时，可以向第一接入网设备发送下行数据结束传输指示消息，所述下行数据结束传输指示消息用于指示核心网完成了下行数据传输。所述下行数据结束传输指示消息可以通过用于传输下行数据的隧道地址中传输的结束标识数据包(end marker)来表示。所述下行数据结束传输指示消息也可以是接口控制消息，例如可以是指示所述PDU会话结束下行传输的消息或者所述数据承载结束下行传输的消息，该下行数据结束传输指示信息可以是核心网发送给第二接入网设备的。
第三方面：提供了一种数据传输的方法，当前为终端提供服务的第一接入网设备可以获取配置终端进入去激活态的第二接入网设备的标识，第一接入网设备可以根据第二接入网设备的标识，第一接入网设备可以向第二接入网设备发送获取终端的上下文的请求消息，所述获取终端的上下文的请求消息中包括为所述终端建立双链接的指示信息，且所述指示信息指示在建立双链接时所述第一接入网设备为辅设备，所述第二接入网设备为主设备，当然为所述终端建立双链接的指示信息也可以是携带在其他的消息中发送给第二接入网设备。第二接入网设备在接收到获取终端的上下文的请求消息后，可以为该第一接入网设备提供所述终端的上下文，并且第二接入网设备在接收到为所述终端建立双链接的指示信息后，为所述终端建立双链接。第一接入网设备可以接收第二接入网设备发送所述终端的上下文，以及双链接建立完成的信息。第一接入网设备可以根据终端的上下文指示终端进入连接态。进入连接态的终端向第一接入网设备发送上行数据，则第一接入网设备接收终端发送的上行数据，并将所述上行数据发送给第二接入网设备，由第二接入网设备将上行数据发送给核心网设备。
在上行数据传输的过程中，第一接入网设备将上行数据传输给第二接入网设备，由第二接入网设备将上行数据传输给核心网，第一接入网设备无需通知核心网设备进行路径切换，可以避免路径切换带来的信令开销。
在一种可能的实现中，第二接入网设备的标识是终端发送给第一接入网设备的，处于去激活态的终端存在待传输的上行数据时，可以向当前为该终端提供服务的第一接入网设备发送无线资源控制恢复请求消息，请求恢复连接态后发送上行数据，所述无线资源控制恢复请求消息中包括配置所述终端进入去激活态的第二接入网设备为所述终端配置的去激活态无线网络临时标识(inactive-network temporary identifier，I-RNTI)；第一接入网设备可以根据I-RNTI，获知第二接入网设备的标识。
在一种可能的实现中，第二接入网设备向第一接入网设备发送的双链接建立完成的信息可以是用于传输上行数据的隧道地址，则第二接入网设备在为所述终端建立双链接时，可以为所述第一接入网设备分配用于传输上行数据的隧道地址。则第一接入网设备可以接收第二接入网设备发送用于传输上行数据的隧道地址。第一接入网设备在接收到终端发送的上行数据后，第一接入网设备可以根据第二接入网设备发送的用于传输上行数据的隧道 地址，将所述上行数据发送给第二接入网设备，由第二接入网设备将上行数据发送给核心网设备。
在一种可能的实现中，用于指示为所述终端建立双链接的指示信息，包括以下的一种或多种：
用于指示有小数据传输的信息、用于指示锚点接入网设备不变的信息、用于指示建立双链接的信息、用于指示不转移终端的上下文的信息。以上的一种或多种信息可以为原因值，也可以为明确指示的信息等。
在一种可能的实现中，第一接入网设备向第二接入网设备发送的用于指示为所述终端建立双链接的指示信息是终端告知给第一接入网设备的，终端可以向第一接入网设备发送无线资源控制恢复请求消息，则第一接入网设备接收终端发送的无线资源控制恢复请求消息，所述无线资源控制恢复请求消息中包括用于指示为所述终端建立双链接的指示信息。
在一种可能的实现中，第二接入网设备在向第一接入网设备发送终端的上下文时，可以是第二接入网设备向第一接入网设备发送获取终端的上下文的失败消息，并发送业务节点增加(service node，SN)(SN addition)的请求消息，则第一接入网设备接收第二接入网设备发送的获取终端的上下文的失败消息和接收业务节点增加的请求消息；所述业务节点增加的请求消息中包括所述终端的上下文。所述业务节点增加的请求消息中还可以包括用于传输上行数据的隧道地址，当然该用于传输上行数据的隧道地址可以是单独的一条消息，或者携带在其他的消息中。所述获取终端的上下文的失败消息，包括以下的一种或多种：用于指示有小数据传输的信息、用于指示锚点接入网设备不变的信息、用于指示建立双链接的信息、用于指示不转移终端的上下文的信息。
在一种可能的实现中，第二接入网设备在向第一接入网设备发送终端的上下文时，可以是第二接入网设备向第一接入网设备发送获取终端的上下文的响应消息，则第一接入网设备接收第二接入网设备发送的获取终端的上下文的响应消息；所述获取终端的上下文的响应消息中包括用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息，例如可以是用于指示有小数据传输的信息，可以是用于指示锚点接入网设备不变的信息，可以是用于指示不转移终端的上下文的信息，所述获取终端的上下文的响应消息中还包括终端的上下文，所述获取终端的上下文的响应消息中还可以包括用于传输上行数据的隧道地址，当然该用于传输上行数据的隧道地址可以是单独的一条消息，或者携带在其他的消息中。
在一种可能的实现中，第一接入网设备可以确定终端是否完成了早期上行数据传输，第一接入网设备在确定终端完成了早期上行数据传输时，可以向第二接入网设备发送上行数据结束传输指示消息，所述上行数据结束传输指示消息用于指示所述终端完成了早期上行数据传输。所述上行数据结束传输指示消息可以通过用于传输上行数据的隧道地址中传输的结束标识数据包(end marker)来表示。所述上行数据结束传输指示消息也可以是接口控制消息，例如可以是指示所述PDU会话结束上行传输的消息或者所述数据承载结束上行传输的消息。
在一种可能的实现中，第二接入网设备可以确定核心网是否完成了下行数据传输，第二接入网设备在确定核心网完成了下行数据传输时，可以向第一接入网设备发送下行数据结束传输指示消息，所述下行数据结束传输指示消息用于指示核心网完成了下行数据传输。所述下行数据结束传输指示消息可以通过用于传输下行数据的隧道地址中传输的结束标识数据包(end marker)来表示。所述下行数据结束传输指示消息也可以是接口控制消息， 例如可以是指示所述PDU会话结束下行传输的消息或者所述数据承载结束下行传输的消息，该下行数据结束传输指示信息可以是核心网发送给第二接入网设备的。
第四方面，提供了一种数据传输的系统，所述系统包括：执行上述各个方面和各个方面中的任一可能的实现中的方法的终端、第一接入网设备和第二接入网设备，其中，所述第一接入网设备为当前为所述终端提供服务的接入网设备，所述第二接入网设备为配置所述终端进入去激活态的接入网设备。
在一种可能的实现中，所述第一接入网设备，可以用于向第二接入网设备发送获取终端的上下文的请求消息，其中，所述获取终端的上下文的请求消息中包括用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息。
在一种可能的实现中，所述第二接入网设备，可以用于向第一接入网设备发送所述终端的上下文和用于传输上行数据的隧道地址；所述第一接入网设备，还可以用于接收所述第二接入网设备发送的所述终端的上下文和用于传输上行数据的隧道地址，并根据所述终端的上下文指示所述终端进入连接态，并接收所述终端发送的上行数据，根据所述隧道地址将所述上行数据发送给所述第二接入网设备；所述第二接入网设备，还可以用于将所述上行数据发送给核心网设备。
在一种可能的实现中，所述用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息，可以包括以下的一种或多种：用于指示有小数据传输的信息，用于指示锚点接入网设备不变的信息，用于指示不转移终端的上下文的信息。
在一种可能的实现中，所述终端，还可以用于向第一接入网设备发送的无线资源控制恢复请求消息，所述请求消息中包括用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息。
在一种可能的实现中，所述第二接入网设备在用于向第一接入网设备发送所述终端的上下文和用于传输上行数据的隧道地址时，第二接入网设备可以向第一接入网设备发送获取终端的上下文的响应消息，所述获取终端的上下文的响应消息中包括所述终端的上下文和用于传输上行数据的隧道地址，则第一接入网设备可以通过获取终端的上下文的响应消息接收终端的上下文和用于传输上行数据的隧道地址。
在一种可能的实现中，所述用于传输上行数据的隧道地址，可以包括：协议数据单元PDU会话标识和/或上行链路转发信息；其中，所述上行链路转发信息至少包括：PDU会话对应的上行数据转发地址；所述上行链路转发信息还可以包括：至少一个无线数据承载(Data Radio Bearer，DRB)列表和每个DRB列表对应的上行数据转发地址；或至少一个逻辑信道标识(Logical Channel Identity，LCID)列表和每个LCID列表对应的上行数据转发地址。
在一种可能的实现中，所述上行链路转发信息还可以包括：至少一个服务质量QoS流标识列表和每个服务质量流标识列表对应的PDU会话上行数据转发地址。
在一种可能的实现中，所述第一接入网设备，还可以用于向所述第二接入网设备发送上行数据结束传输指示消息，所述上行数据结束传输指示消息用于指示所述终端完成了上行数据传输。
在一种可能的实现中，所述第二接入网设备，还可以用于向所述第一接入网设备发送下行数据结束传输指示消息，所述下行数据结束传输指示消息用于指示核心网完成了下行数据传输。
第五方面，提供了一种数据传输的装置，该装置具有实现上述各方面和各方面的任一种可能的实现中方法的功能模块。所述功能模块可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。所述硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块。
在一种可能的实现中，该装置可以是芯片或者集成电路。
在一种可能的实现中，该装置包括收发器和处理器，所述装置可以通过处理器执行上述第一方面至第四方面和各个方面中任一种可能的实现中的方法。
其中，上述的收发器可以是接口电路。
在一种可能的实现中，该装置还可以包括存储器；所述存储器，用于存储计算机程序。
第六方面，提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机存储介质中存储有计算机可读指令，当所述计算机可读指令被运行时，使得装置可以执行上述各方面和各方面的任一可能的实现中的方法。
第七方面，提供一种计算机程序产品，当所述计算机程序产品被运行时，使得装置可以执行上述各方面和各方面的任一可能的实现中的方法。
第八方面，提供一种芯片，所述芯片与存储器耦合，所述芯片用于读取并执行所述存储器中存储的软件程序，以实现上述各方面和各方面的任一可能的实现中的方法。
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图12为本申请实施例中提供的一种数据传输装置示意图；
图13为本申请实施例中提供的一种数据传输装置示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请实施例进行详细描述。
本申请实施例提供一种数据传输的方法和装置，用以解决现有技术中终端在移动至新基站下有小数据传输时，需要通知核心网进行路径切换而带来的信令开销问题。其中，方法、装置和系统是基于同一技术构思的，由于方法、装置和系统解决问题的原理相似，因此装置及系统与方法的实施可以相互参见，重复之处不再赘述。
本申请实施例的技术方案可以应用于各种通信系统，例如：长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统，全球互联微波接入(worldwide interoperability for microwave access，WiMAX)通信系统，未来的第五代(5th Generation，5G)系统，如新一代无线接入技术(new radio access technology，NR)，及未来的通信系统等。
为便于理解本申请实施例，接下来介绍一种本申请的应用场景。如图1所示，终端可以进行移动，终端在移动的过程中，由一个基站的覆盖区域移动到另一新基站的覆盖区域内，终端在移动前为该终端提供服务的基站为最后一次为该终端提供服务的基站(last serving gNB)，也可以称为锚点基站(anchor gNB)，锚点基站中保存有终端的上下文，可以配置终端进入去激活态。
现有的机制中，处于去激活态的终端在移动到新基站的覆盖区域后，如果存在上行数据要传输时，新基站先配置终端由去激活态转换为连接态，然后向核心网侧(Core)的接入以及移动性管理功能网元(access and mobility management function，AMF)发送路径更新请求，请求进行路径更新，处于连接态的终端发送上行数据至新基站，由新基站发送给核心网，具体过程可参见下述对图2的描述。基站间可以通过Xn接口(interface)进行通信，基站与核心网设备间可以通过RAN-CN接口(interface)进行通信。
本申请实施例描述的业务场景是为了更加清楚的说明本申请实施例的技术方案，并不构成对于本申请实施例提供的技术方案的限定，本领域普通技术人员可知，随着新业务场景的出现，本申请实施例提供的技术方案对于类似的技术问题，同样适用。
另外，在本申请实施例中，“示例的”一词用于表示作例子、例证或说明。本申请中被描述为“示例”的任何实施例或实现方案不应被解释为比其它实施例或实现方案更优选或更具优势。确切而言，使用示例的一词旨在以具体方式呈现概念。
为便于理解本申请实施例，以下对本申请实施例的部分用语进行解释说明，以便于本领域技术人员理解。
1)、接入网设备，具有能够为终端提供随机接入功能的设备或可设置于该设备的芯片，该设备包括但不限于：演进型节点B(evolved Node B，eNB)、基站收发台(base transceiver station，BTS)、家庭基站(例如，home evolved NodeB，或home Node B，HNB)、基带单元(baseband unit，BBU)，无线保真(wireless fidelity，WIFI)系统中的接入点(access point，AP)、无线中继节点、无线回传节点、传输点(transmission and reception point，TRP或者transmission point，TP)等，还可以为5G，如，NR，系统中的gNB，或，传输点(TRP或TP)，5G系统中的基站的一个或一组(包括多个天线面板)天线面板，或者，还可以为构成gNB或传输点的网络节点，如基带单元(BBU)，或，分布式单元(DU，distributed unit)等。
2)、终端，又称之为用户设备(user equipment，UE)、移动台(mobile station，MS)、移动终端(mobile terminal，MT)等，是一种向用户提供语音和/或数据连通性的设备。例如，终端设备包括具有无线连接功能的手持式设备、车载设备等。目前，终端设备可以是：手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、掌上电脑、移动互联网设备(mobile internet device，MID)、可穿戴设备，虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self-driving)中的无线终端、远程手术(remote medical surgery)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中 的无线终端，或智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端等。
3)、小数据，小于预设字节数的数据，例如可以将几个字节或几十个字节的数据称为小数据。
4)、接入以及移动性管理功能网元(access and mobility management function，AMF)，核心网控制面功能，提供用户的移动性管理以及接入管理的功能。
本申请中的“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
本申请中所涉及的多个，是指两个或两个以上。
在本申请的描述中，“第一”、“第二”等词汇，仅用于区分描述的目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性，也不能理解为指示或暗示顺序。
为了方便描述，以第一接入网设备表示图1中当前为该终端提供服务的基站(gNB1)，以第二接入网设备表示图1中最后为该终端提供服务的基站(Last Serving gNB)，也就是锚点基站，以核心网表示图1中的AMF为例进行描述。
步骤201：处于去激活态的终端向第一接入网设备发送无线资源控制恢复请求消息(RRC resume request)。
所述无线资源控制恢复请求消息中包括第二接入网设备为所述终端配置的去激活态无线网络临时标识I-RNTI；第一接入网设备接收处于去激活态的终端发送的无线资源控制恢复请求消息，并根据无线资源控制恢复请求消息中包括的I-RNTI，获知第二接入网设备的标识。
第二接入网设备为配置终端进入去激活态的接入网设备，第二接入网设备可以在配置终端进入去激活态的信息中携带该终端的I-RNTI。
步骤202：第一接入网设备向第二接入网设备发送获取终端的上下文的请求消息(retrieve UE context request)。
第一接入网设备根据获知的第二接入网设备的标识，向第二接入网设备请求终端的上下文。
例如可以是向第二接入网设备发送获取终端的上下文的请求消息(retrieve UE context request)，可以理解的是，第一接入网设备也可以通过其他消息请求终端的上下文，本申请实施例对此不做限定。
步骤203：第二接入网设备向第一接入网设备发送获取终端的上下文的响应消息(retrieve UE context response)。
第二接入网设备向第一接入网设备提供终端的上下文。例如，可以是第二接入网设备向第一接入网设备发送获取终端的上下文的响应消息(retrieve UE context response)，所述响应消息中包括去激活态的终端的上下文，则第一接入网设备接收到所述第二接入网设备发送的所述终端的上下文。
步骤204：第一接入网设备向终端发送无线资源控制恢复消息(RRC resume)。
第一接入网设备根据所述终端的上下文指示处于去激活态的所述终端进入连接态。
例如，可以是第一接入网设备通过向终端发送无线资源控制恢复消息(RRC resume)。那么，终端根据接收到的无线资源控制恢复消息由去激活态进入到连接态。
步骤205：终端在进入到连接态后，可以向第一接入网设备发送无线资源控制恢复完 成消息(RRC resume complete)。
步骤206：第一接入网设备向第二接入网设备发送数据转发地址指示消息(data forwarding address indication)，该数据转发地址指示消息中包括用于传输下行数据的隧道地址。
第一接入网设备向第二接入网设备提供用于传输下行数据的隧道地址。可选的，第一接入网设备在确定终端进入到连接态后，可以向第二接入网设备发送数据转发地址指示消息(data forwarding address indication)，该数据转发地址指示消息中包括用于传输下行数据的隧道地址。以便第二接入网设备在接收到核心网发送的下行数据后，通过该隧道地址向第一接入网设备发送下行数据。
步骤207：第一接入网设备向核心网设备发送路径切换请求(path switch request)。
其中，该第一接入网设备在确定终端进入到连接态后，向核心网设备发送路径切换请求，该路径切换请求中包括第一接入网设备的标识，从而通知核心网从第一接入网设备接收该终端的上行数据。
由于终端之前接入到第二接入网设备下，核心网设备针对该终端保存的数据传输路径为由第二接入网设备将数据传输给核心网设备，当终端接入到第一接入网设备下，终端通知核心网设备数据传输路径进行切换，切换后的路径为由第一接入网设备将数据传输给核心网设备。
步骤208：核心网设备向第一接入网设备发送路径切换请求响应消息(path switch request response)，用以通知第一接入网设备，核心网设备已更新保存切换后的路径。
步骤209：第一接入网设备在接收到核心网设备发送的路径切换请求响应消息后，可以向第二接入网设备发送终端的上下文的释放消息(UE context release)，第二接入网设备释放该终端的上下文。
后续终端向第一接入网设备发送上行数据，第一接入网设备将上行数据发送至核心网设备，根据上述描述的数据传输过程，可以看出：当处于去激活态的终端有新数据要发送时，第一接入网设备从第二接入网设备获取到终端的上下文后，将inactive UE转换为连接态。并且通知核心网设备数据转发路径需进行切换更新，终端的上行数据由原来的第二接入网设备传输给核心网设备，切换为由第一接入网设备传输给核心网设备。通知核心网设备路径切换带来了信令开销，由于是针对终端在处于去激活态时，周期性或非间断性地发送小数据，需要频繁地向核心网设备发送路径切换请求，信令开销较大。
基于此，本申请提出了一种数据传输的方法，第一接入网设备可以向第二接入网设备发送用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息，第一接入网设备在接收到终端发送的上行数据后，第一接入网设备可以将上行数据发送给第二接入网设备，由第二接入网设备将上行数据发送至核心网，数据传输的过程无需通知核心网设备路径更新，从而可以避免信令开销。
第一接入网设备向第二接入网设备发送的用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息，可以是第一接入网设备自身根据其部署生成的，例如该第一接入网设备仅支持工业网时生成用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息，或者第一接入网设备在时延敏感的终端设备接入时生成用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息。此外，小数据传输需求的指示信息还可以是根据终端的需求发送给第一接入网设备的，例如第一接入网设备根据终端发送的小数据传输需求的指示信息获知终端有小数据传输需求，从而将小数据传输需求的指示信息发送给第二接入网设备。此外，小数据传输需求的指示信息还可以是根据终端发送的无线资源控制恢 复消息中携带的原因值指示的。
如果是终端向第一接入网设备发送用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息，该用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息可以是携带在图2中的步骤201中的无线资源控制恢复请求消息中，当然也可以是携带在其他消息中，小数据传输需求的指示信息可以通过原因值进行指示，也可以通过其他消息格式携带用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息，本申请实施例对于终端发送用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息的方式不做限定。
第一接入网设备在向第二接入网设备发送用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息时，该用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息可以是携带在图2中的步骤202中的获取终端的上下文的请求消息中，当然也可以是携带在其他消息中，或者是通过其它消息格式携带用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息等。
第一接入网设备在将上行数据发送给第二接入网设备时，可以是通过隧道地址发送的，也可以是通过接口信令发送的。
以下以图3为例，详细说明小数据传输的过程：
步骤301：去激活态的终端向第一接入网设备发送无线资源控制恢复请求消息，其中，该请求消息中携带用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息。
相应的，第一接入网设备接收处于去激活态的终端发送的无线资源控制恢复请求消息。
用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息可以是用于指示有小数据传输的信息，也可以是用于指示锚点接入网设备不变，也可以是用于指示不转移终端的上下文的信息。
步骤302：第一接入网设备向第二接入网设备发送获取终端的上下文的请求消息，所述获取终端的上下文的请求消息中携带用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息。
相应的，第二接入网设备接收第一接入网设备发送的获取终端的上下文的请求消息，所述获取终端的上下文的请求消息中包括用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息。
该用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息可以用于通知第二接入网设备接收第一接入网设备发送的上行数据，并将该上行数据发送给核心网设备。
步骤303：第二接入网设备向第一接入网设备发送的获取终端的上下文的响应消息，所述响应消息中携带用于传输上行数据的隧道地址。
相应的，第一接入网设备接收第二接入网设备发送的获取终端的上下文的响应消息，所述响应消息中包括用于传输上行数据的隧道地址。
第一接入网设备向第二接入网设备发送上行数据时，可以是通过隧道地址发送的，也可以是通过接口信令发送的。究竟采用哪种方式发送上行数据，可以是由第二接入网设备来决定，也可以是由第一接入网设备来决定。
以第二接入网设备决定上行数据传输的方式为例进行说明：
第二接入网设备在接收到用于指示小数传输需求的指示信息时，可以知道终端存在待传输的小数据，第二接入网设备可以给第一接入网设备发送用于传输上行数据的隧道地址，使第一接入网设备通过隧道地址传输上行数据。
可以理解的是，第二接入网设备也可以不向第一接入网设备发送用于传输上行数据的隧道地址，那么第一接入网设备通过接口信令向第二接入网设备传输上行数据。
以第一接入网设备决定上行数据传输的方式为例进行说明：
可以约定：第一接入网设备如果向第二接入网设备发送用于指示建立上行隧道的指示信息，则说明第一接入网设备想通过隧道地址发送上行数据，则第二接入网设备通知第一 接入网设备用于传输上行数据的隧道地址。或者，第一接入网设备如果不向第二接入网设备发送用于指示建立上行隧道的指示信息，则说明第一接入网设备不想通过隧道地址发送上行数据，则第二接入网设备不通知第一接入网设备用于传输上行数据的隧道地址，第一接入网设备直接通过接口信令发送上行数据。
如果第一接入网设备向第二接入网设备发送用于指示建立上行隧道地址的指示信息，该用于指示建立上行隧道地址的指示信息可以是携带在图3中的步骤302中的获取终端的上下文的请求消息中，当然也可以是携带在其他消息中，或者是通过其它消息格式携带用于指示建立上行隧道地址的指示信息。
用于传输上行数据的隧道地址包括但不限于：协议数据单元PDU会话标识和/或上行链路转发信息等；其中，上行链路转发信息可以包括：对应的PDU会话上行数据转发地址；具体包括传输层地址和GTP-TEID(GPRS Tunneling Protocol-Tunnel Endpoint Identifier)，该传输层地址可以是IP地址。可选的，包括对应该PDU会话的一个服务质量流标识列表，每个服务质量流标识列表包括一个或者多个服务质量流标识(QoS flow)。
示例性的，上行链路转发信息还可以包括：至少一个无线数据承载列表和每个无线数据承载列表对应的上行数据转发地址，具体包括传输层地址和GTP-TEID，该传输层地址可以是IP地址。或者上行链路转发信息还可以包括：至少一个LCID列表和每个LCID列表对应的上行数据转发地址。
可选的，第二接入网设备可以向第一接入网设备发送保留所述终端的上下文的信息，第一接入网设备可以接收第二接入网设备发送的保留所述终端的上下文的信息，指示第二接入网设备将保留终端的上下文。例如，该保留所述终端的上下文的信息可以携带在获取终端的上下文的响应消息中，或者在其他消息中。从而，第一接入网设备不会向第二接入网设备发送终端的上下文的释放消息。
可选的，第二接入网设备可以向第一接入网设备发送指示锚点接入网设备不变的信息，第一接入网设备可以接收第二接入网设备发送的指示锚点接入网设备不变的信息，指示第二接入网设备将保持锚点接入网设备不变。例如，该保留锚点接入网设备不变的信息可以携带在获取终端的上下文的响应消息中，或者在其他消息中。从而，第一接入网设备不会向第二接入网设备发送终端的上下文的释放消息。
步骤304：第一接入网设备根据所述终端的上下文指示处于去激活态的所述终端进入连接态。
例如可以是向终端发送无线资源控制恢复消息(RRC resume)。
步骤305：终端在进入到连接态后，可以向第一接入网设备发送无线资源控制恢复完成消息(RRC resume complete)。
步骤306：终端在进入到连接态后，第一接入网设备向第二接入网设备提供用于传输下行数据的隧道地址。
例如可以是向第二接入网设备发送数据转发地址指示消息(data forwarding address indication)，该数据转发地址指示消息中包括用于传输下行数据的隧道地址。以便第二接入网设备在接收到核心网发送的下行数据后，通过该隧道地址向第一接入网设备下发下行数据。在本申请实施例中，可以采用步骤306传输下行数据。
步骤307：处于连接态的终端向第一接入网设备发送上行数据。
步骤308：第一接入网设备接收所述终端发送的上行数据，根据用于传输上行数据的隧道地址将所述上行数据发送给所述第二接入网设备。
如果第二接入网设备不向第一接入网设备发送用于传输上行数据的隧道地址，第一接入网设备在接收到所述终端发送的上行数据后，可以通过接口信令将上行数据发送给第二接入网设备。
步骤309：第二接入网设备可以将所述上行数据发送给核心网设备。
本申请实施例中，跳过了如图2中步骤207中第一接入网设备向核心网设备发送路径切换请求，以及步骤208中核心网设备向第一接入网设备发送路径切换请求响应消息，数据传输的过程无需通知核心网设备路径更新，避免了信令开销。因为第二接入网设备将上行数据传输给核心网，所以也跳过了步骤209中第一接入网设备向第二接入网设备发送终端的上下文的释放消息。
本申请实施例还提供了如图4所示的数据传输过程：
步骤401-步骤402与图3中的步骤301和步骤302相同。
步骤403a：第二接入网设备向第一接入网设备发送获取终端的上下文的响应消息(retrieve UE context response)，所述响应消息中包括去激活态的终端的上下文，与图2中的步骤203相同。
步骤403b：第二接入网设备接收第一接入网设备发送的数据转发地址指示消息，所述数据转发地址指示消息中包括用于传输上行数据的隧道地址。
图4中的步骤404-步骤409与图3中的步骤304-步骤309相同。
也就是说，图4与图3的区别在于，图4中用于传输上行数据的隧道地址携带在不同于获取终端的上下文的响应消息的消息中。
如果采用图4中的步骤403b发送用于传输上行数据的隧道地址，该步骤403b位于402第一接入网设备向第二接入网设备发送获取终端的上下文的请求消息之后，位于步骤408第一接入网设备根据用于传输上行数据的隧道地址将上行数据发送给第二接入网设备之前，如图4所示，给出一种可能的方案，该步骤403b位于步骤位于406第一接入网设备向第二接入网设备发送用于传输下行数据的隧道地址之后，位于步骤407第一接入网设备接收终端发送的上行数据之前。
如果第一接入网设备通过接口信令向第二接入网设备发送上行数据，过程可以是与图4类似，与图4的区别主要在于，无需执行步骤403b，以及将步骤408中的：第一接入网设备根据用于传输上行数据的隧道地址将所述上行数据发送给所述第二接入网设备，修改为第一接入网设备根据接口信令将上行数据发送给第二接入网设备。
在本申请实施例中，上行数据传输时，跳过了上述图2中的步骤207中第一接入网设备向核心网设备发送路径切换请求，以及步骤208中核心网设备向第一接入网设备发送路径切换请求响应消息，数据传输的过程无需通知核心网设备路径更新，避免了信令开销。因为第二接入网设备将上行数据传输给核心网，所以也跳过了步骤209中第一接入网设备向第二接入网设备发送终端的上下文的释放消息。
并且由于下行数据也是由第二接入网设备发送给第一接入网设备，由第一接入网设备发送给终端的，下行数据传输过程中也没有进行路径的切换。
需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中，第一接入网设备如果不向第二接入网设备发送小数据传输需求的指示信息时，第二接入网设备仍然可以为该第一接入网设备提供所述终端 的上下文，且为所述第一接入网设备分配用于传输上行数据的隧道地址。
可选的，第二接入网设备可以向第一接入网设备发送保留所述终端的上下文的信息，第一接入网设备可以接收第二接入网设备发送的保留所述终端的上下文的信息，指示第二接入网设备将保留终端的上下文。例如，该保留所述终端的上下文的信息可以携带在获取终端的上下文的响应消息中，或者在其他消息中。从而，第一接入网设备不会向第二接入网设备发送终端的上下文的释放消息。
可选的，第二接入网设备可以向第一接入网设备发送指示锚点接入网设备不变的信息，第一接入网设备可以接收第二接入网设备发送的指示锚点接入网设备不变的信息，指示第二接入网设备将保持锚点接入网设备不变。例如，该保留锚点接入网设备不变的信息可以携带在获取终端的上下文的响应消息中，或者在其他消息中。从而，第一接入网设备不会向第二接入网设备发送终端的上下文的释放消息。
在上述实施例中，当处于去激活态的终端离开上次为其提供服务的第二接入网设备，移动到第一接入网设备的覆盖区域后，第一接入网设备指示终端恢复为连接态，在第二接口网设备与第一接入网设备之间建立用于传输上行数据的隧道，从而终端的上行数据的传输路径为：终端-第一接入网设备-第二接入网设备-核心网设备，终端在移动后，上次为其提供服务的第二接入网设备不变。数据传输完毕后，第二接入网设备经由第一接入网设备中转向终端设备发送无线资源控制释放消息，使得终端设备进入非激活态或者空闲态。数据传输的过程无需通知核心网设备路径更新，减少了信令开销。
在本申请实施例中，处于去激活态的终端在存在上行数据需要发送时，处于去激活态的终端可以无需等到恢复连接态，就直接将上行数据发送给第一接入网设备，在该情况下，终端在处于去激活态发送的上行数据可以称为早期上行数据，为了避免向核心网发送路径切换请求带来的信令开销，第一接入网设备接收处于去激活态的终端发送的早期上行数据，可以将所述早期上行数据发送给第二接入网设备，由第二接入网设备将该早期上行数据发送给核心网设备。
处于去激活态的终端在存在待传输的上行数据时，该终端可以向第一接入网设备发送无线资源控制恢复请求消息，终端可以将早期上行数据携带在无线资源控制恢复请求消息中发送给第一接入网设备，当然也可以是携带在其他消息中。例如在一种方式中终端可以在随机接入请求消息中携带上行data；在另一种方式中，终端发起随机接入过程，先向接入网设备发送随机接入请求消息，并接收接入网设备发送的随机接入响应消息，然后再向接入网设备发送消息3，终端也可以在消息3中携带上行数据。在此过程中，终端可以携带用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息。当处于空闲态的终端存在上行数据需要发送给核心网时，终端可以将上行数据携带在RRC建立请求消息，或随机接入请求消息中，或其他RRC消息中。
第一接入网设备将早期上行数据发送给第二接入网设备时，可以是通过隧道地址发送的，也可以是通过接口信令发送的，究竟采用哪种方式发送早期上行数据，可以是由第二接入网设备来决定，也可以是由第一接入网设备来决定，其过程可以参考图3所示过程。
以下以图5为例，详细说明早期上行数据的传输过程：
步骤501：处于去激活态的终端向第一接入网设备发送无线资源控制恢复请求消息(RRC resume request)，所述无线资源控制恢复请求消息中包括第二接入网设备为所述终 端配置的I-RNTI，以及早期上行数据。
第一接入网设备接收处于去激活态的终端发送的无线资源控制恢复请求消息，并根据无线资源控制恢复请求消息中包括的I-RNTI，获知第二接入网设备的标识。
第二接入网设备为配置终端进入去激活态的设备，当第二接入网设备在将该终端从连接态变为去激活态时，该第二接入网设备可以告知该终端I-RNTI，从而终端在无线资源控制恢复请求中，可以携带该I-RNTI，用以指示该终端想要进入连接态。
步骤502：向第二接入网设备发送获取终端的上下文的请求消息(retrieve UE context request)。
第一接入网设备根据获知的第二接入网设备的标识，向第二接入网设备请求终端的上下文，具体可以是向第二接入网设备发送获取终端的上下文的请求消息(retrieve UE context request)。
第一接入网设备还可以在获取所述终端的上下文请求消息中携带用于指示建立上行隧道的指示信息，也就是第一接入网设备请求与第二接入网设备建立上行隧道，以便第一接入网设备通过隧道地址将早期上行数据发送给第二接入网设备。
由于第一接入网设备已经知道待传输的早期上行数据的承载标识或者逻辑信道标识或者PDU会话标识了，为了仅建立这些承载或者逻辑信道的隧道，第一接入网设备还可以在上下文请求消息中携带请求建立的具体的标识，例如可以是DBR标识，可以是逻辑信道标识，或者是PDU会话标识。
例如一个逻辑信道标识列表，例如LCID1，LCID2等，从而第二接入网设备在步骤503告知第一接入网设备LCID1和LCID1对应的UL隧道地址，LCID2和LCID2对应的隧道地址；
例如一个DRB标识列表，例如DRB1，DRB2等，从而第二接入网设备在步骤503告知第一接入网设备DRB1和DRB1对应的UL隧道地址，DRB2和DRB2对应的隧道地址。
上下文请求消息中携带的用于指示建立上行隧道的指示信息，可以是终端发送给第一接入网设备的，也可以是第一接入网设备自身根据发送上行数据的需求生成的。如果终端向第一接入网设备发送用于指示建立上行隧道的指示信息，该数据转发地址指示消息可以携带在上述步骤501中的无线资源控制恢复请求消息中。
步骤503：第二接入网设备向第一接入网设备发送获取终端的上下文的失败消息(retrieve UE context failure)。
用以通知该第一接入网设备获取终端的上下文失败，则第一接入网设备不指示去激活态的终端进入连接态，第二接入网设备还可以在失败消息中携带用于传输上行数据的隧道地址，则第一接入网设备接收第二接入网设备发送的去激活态的终端的上下文的失败消息，所述失败消息中包括用于传输上行数据的隧道地址。
步骤504：第一接入网设备根据用于传输上行数据的隧道地址，将所述早期上行数据发送给第二接入网设备。
步骤505：第二接入网设备可以将所述上行数据发送给核心网设备。
核心网设备在存在向终端传输的下行数据时，核心网设备将下行数据传输给第二接入网设备，第二接入网设备将下行数据传输给第一接入网设备，第一接入网设备再将下行数据传输给终端。
第二接入网设备可以将核心网发送给终端的下行数据发送给第一接入网设备，由第一接入网设备将下行数据发送给终端。
第二接入网设备在将下行数据发送给第一接入网设备时，一种方式可以是，将下行数据携带在步骤503中的第二接入网设备向第一接入网设备发送的获取终端的上下文的响应消息(retrieve UE context response)中，也就是第一接入网设备接收第二接入网设备发送的获取终端的上下文的响应消息，所述响应消息中包括下行数据；另一种方式可以是如图5中的步骤506，将下行数据作为单独的一条消息进行发送的。再一种方式可以是第二接入网设备通过下行隧道将下行数据发送给第一接入网设备，例如，第一接入网设备可以向第二接入网设备发送如步骤206所示的数据转发地址指示消息(data forwarding address indication)，该数据转发地址指示消息中包括用于传输下行数据的隧道地址，则第二接入网设备可以根据用于传输下行数据的隧道地址，将下行数据发送给第一接入网设备，则第一接入网设备根据用于传输下行数据的隧道地址接收下行数据，第一接入网设备向第二接入网设备发送的该数据转发地址指示消息可以是单独的一条消息，也可以是携带在步骤502中的第一接入网设备向第二接入网设备发送获取终端的上下文的请求消息(retrieve UE context request)中。
在上述实施例中，当处于去激活态的终端离开上次为其提供服务的基站(第二接入网设备)，移动到新基站(第一接入网设备)后，在新基站与上次为其提供服务的基站之间建立用于传输上行数据的隧道，从而终端的上行数据的传输路径为：终端-第一接入网设备-第二接入网设备-核心网设备，上次为其提供服务的基站不变。数据传输的过程无需通知核心网设备路径更新，减少了信令开销。
本申请实施例还提供了如图6所示的早期上行数据传输过程：
步骤601与图5中的步骤501相同。
步骤602：第一接入网设备向第二接入网设备发送获取终端的上下文的请求消息(retrieve UE context request)，所述请求消息中携带早期上行数据。
步骤603：第二接入网设备将所述早期上行数据发送给核心网。
步骤604：第二接入网设备向第一接入网设备发送获取终端的上下文的失败消息，用以通知该第一接入网设备获取终端的上下文失败，则第一接入网设备不指示去激活态的终端进入连接态。
第二接入网设备也可以向第一接入网设备发送下行数据，该下行数据可以是携带在步骤604的获取终端的上下文的失败消息中，也可以是采用单独的消息发送下行数据。
下行数据传输过程可参见上述列举多种方式，图6中仅是列举出了第二接入网设备在获取终端的上下文的失败消息中携带核心网设备发送给终端的下行数据。即在步骤604中，第一接入网设备接收第二接入网设备发送的获取终端的上下文的失败消息，所述失败消息中包括下行数据。
在上述实施例中，当处于去激活态的终端离开上次为其提供服务的第二接入网设备，移动到第一接入网设备的覆盖区域后，终端在处于去激活态时向第一接入网设备发送早期上行数据，终端的早期上行数据的传输路径为：终端-第一接入网设备-第二接入网设备-核心网设备，终端在移动后，上次为其提供服务的第二接入网设备不变。数据传输的过程无需通知核心网设备路径更新，减少了信令开销。
在集中单元(centralized unit，CU)和分布单元(distributed unit，DU)分离架构下，接入网设备可以包括DU和CU两部分，CU和DU可以根据无线网络的协议层划分，例如PDCP层及以上协议层的功能设置在CU，PDCP以下的协议层，例如RLC层和MAC层等的功能设置在DU。或者说，CU具有PDCP层以上(含PDCP、RRC和SDAP)功能，DU具有PDCP层以下(含RLC、MAC和PHY)功能。这种协议层的划分仅仅是一种举例，还可以在其它协议层划分，例如在RLC层划分，将RLC层及以上协议层的功能设置在CU，RLC层以下协议层的功能设置在DU；或者，在某个协议层中划分，例如将RLC层的部分功能和RLC层以上的协议层的功能设置在CU，将RLC层的剩余功能和RLC层以下的协议层的功能设置在DU。此外，也可以按其它方式划分，例如按时延划分，将处理时间需要满足时延要求的功能设置在DU，不需要满足该时延要求的功能设置在CU。一个DU可支持一个或者多个小区。
此外，射频装置可以拉远，不放在DU中，也可以集成在DU中，或者部分拉远部分集成在DU中，在此不作任何限制。
其中DU与终端之间的接口称为Uu接口，DU与CU之间的接口称为F1接口，而CU与其他接入网设备之间的接口称为Xn接口。
结合图5，详细说明在CU和DU分离架构下的早期上行数据传输过程，具体可参见图7：
步骤701a：处于去激活态的终端向DU发送无线资源控制恢复请求消息(RRC resume request)，所述无线资源控制恢复请求消息中包括第二接入网设备为所述终端配置的I-RNTI，以及早期上行数据。
DU接收处于去激活态的终端发送的无线资源控制恢复请求消息。
该步骤701a与图5中的步骤501的区别之处在于，将图5中的步骤501中的第一接入网设备换为DU。
步骤701b：DU向CU发送初始UE RRC传递消息。
终端向DU发送的无线资源控制恢复请求消息中的I-RNTI中可以获知第二接入网设备的标识，可以是DU根据I-RNTI，获知第二接入网设备的标识，则初始UE RRC传递消息中包括第二接入网设备的标识，也可以是DU将该无线资源控制恢复请求消息发送给CU，由CU根据I-RNTI，获知第二接入网设备的标识，则初始UE RRC传递消息中包括I-RNTI。
在一种实施方式中，所述初始UE RRC传递消息中包括早期上行数据。
在另一种实施方式中，由于DU已经知道待传输的早期上行数据的承载标识或者逻辑信道标识或者PDU会话标识了，为了仅建立这些承载或者逻辑信道的隧道，DU还可以在上下文请求消息中携带请求建立的具体的标识，例如可以是DBR标识，可以是逻辑信道标识，或者是PDU会话标识。
例如，为一个逻辑信道标识列表，例如LCID1，LCID2等，则CU在步骤702告知DU该LCID1和LCID1对应的UL隧道地址，LCID2和LCID2对应的隧道地址；
例如一个DRB标识列表，例如DRB1，DRB2等，则CU在步骤702告知DU该DRB1和DRB1对应的UL隧道地址，DRB2和DRB2对应的隧道地址。
步骤702：CU向第二接入网设备请求终端的上下文，具体可以是向第二接入网设备发送获取终端的上下文的请求消息(retrieve UE context request)，所述获取终端的上下文请求消息中包括用于指示建立上行隧道的指示信息，还可以包括上行隧道的类型。
该步骤702与图5中的步骤502的区别之处在于，将图5中的步骤502中的第一接入网设备换为CU。
步骤703：第二接入网设备向CU发送获取终端的上下文的失败消息(retrieve UE context failure)，用以通知CU获取终端的上下文失败，第二接入网设备还可以在该失败消息中携带下行数据，即CU接收第二接入网设备发送的获取终端的上下文的失败消息，所述失败消息中包括用于传输上行数据的隧道地址。
该步骤703与图5中的步骤503的区别之处在于，将图5中的步骤503中的第一接入网设备换为CU。
步骤704：CU根据用于传输上行数据的隧道地址，将所述早期上行数据发送给第二接入网设备。
该步骤704与图5中的步骤504的区别之处在于，将图5中的步骤504中的第一接入网设备换为CU。
步骤705：第二接入网设备将所述上行数据发送给核心网设备。与图5中的步骤505相同。
步骤706a：第二接入网设备向CU发送下行数据，则CU接收第二接入网设备发送的下行数据。
该步骤706a与图5中的步骤506的区别之处在于，将图5中的步骤506中的第一接入网设备换为CU。
706b：CU向DU发送下行数据UE RRC传递消息(DL UE RRC message transfer)，所述下行数据UE RRC传递消息中包括下行数据。
后续DU就可以将下行数据发送给终端。
结合图6，详细说明在CU和DU分离架构下的早期上行数据传输过程，具体可参见图8：
步骤801a：处于去激活态的终端向DU发送无线资源控制恢复请求消息(RRC resume request)，所述无线资源控制恢复请求消息中包括第二接入网设备为所述终端配置的I-RNTI，以及早期上行数据。
相应的，DU接收处于去激活态的终端发送的无线资源控制恢复请求消息。
该步骤801a与图6中的步骤601的区别之处在于，将图6中的步骤601中的第一接入网设备换为DU。
步骤801b：DU向CU发送初始UE RRC传递消息，所述初始UE RRC传递消息中包括早期上行数据。
DU将该无线资源控制恢复请求消息发送给CU，由CU根据I-RNTI，获知第二接入网设备的标识，则初始UE RRC传递消息中包括I-RNTI。
步骤802：CU根据第二接入网设备的标识，向第二接入网设备请求终端的上下文，具体可以是向第二接入网设备发送获取终端的上下文的请求消息(retrieve UE context request)，所述请求消息中携带早期上行数据。
该步骤802与图6中的步骤602区别之处在于，将图6中的步骤602中的第一接入网设备换为CU。
步骤803：第二接入网设备将所述早期上行数据发送给核心网设备。
步骤804a：第二接入网设备向CU发送去激活态的终端的上下文的失败信息(retrieve  UE context failure)，用以通知CU获取终端的上下文失败，第二接入网设备还可以在该失败消息中携带下行数据，即CU接收第二接入网设备发送的获取终端的上下文的失败消息，所述失败消息中包括下行数据。
该步骤804a与图6中的步骤604的区别之处在于，将图6中的步骤604中的第一接入网设备换为CU。
步骤804b：CU向DU发送下行数据UE RRC传递消息(DL UE RRC message transfer)，所述下行数据UE RRC传递消息中包括获取终端的上下文失败信息(retrieve UE context failure)，以及下行数据。
后续DU可以将下行数据发送给终端。
在本申请实施例中，DU与CU之间可以建立上行隧道传输上行数据，也可以是建立下行隧道传输下行数据，如果采用上行隧道传输上行数据，DU向CU发送的初始UE RRC传递消息中可以不包括早期上行数据，而是包括用于指示建立上行隧道的指示信息，包括以下的一种或多种：LCID列表、DRB ID列表、PDU会话列表。
CU可以向DU发送用于传输上行数据的隧道地址，具体可以是CU向DU发送下行数据UE RRC传递消息，所述下行数据UE RRC传递消息中包括用于传输上行数据的隧道地址，当然DU与CU间也可以规定新的消息格式用来携带用于传输上行数据的隧道地址。
所述用于传输上行数据的隧道地址与上述的隧道地址相同，在此不再进行赘述。
DU与CU间建立隧道的过程与上述的接入网设备间建立隧道的过程类似，相同之处不再进行赘述。
当处于空闲态的终端存在上行数据或信令需要传输时，终端可以向DU发送上行数据或信令，该上行数据或信令可以携带在终端向DU发送的RRC建立请求消息，或随机接入请求消息中，或其他RRC消息中。
终端在空闲态下发送早期上行数据或信令，在CU和DU之间进行上行数据或信令传输与上述发送上行数据的过程类似。例如，DU与CU之间可以建立上行隧道传输上行数据，也可以是建立下行隧道传输下行数据，如果采用上行隧道传输上行数据，DU向CU发送的初始UE RRC传递消息中可以不包括早期上行数据，而是包括用于指示建立上行隧道的指示信息，包括以下的一种或多种：LCID列表、DRB ID列表、PDU会话列表，相同之处不再赘述，在CU和DU之间进行上行数据或信令传输，从而减少了终端与第一接入网设备间的信令开销。
在本申请实施例中，处于双链接状态的终端既与主设备(一般为基站)建立通信连接，也与辅助设备建立通信连接。例如主设备为设备1，辅助设备为设备2。如果设备1将处于连接态的终端转换为inactive态时，则设备1将保存的为终端进行双链接的业务节点增加底层配置释放了，例如将RLC层、MAC层等配置释放。
如果处于去激活态的终端在移动的过程中，移动到了辅助设备(设备2)的覆盖区域，也就是终端在进行小区重选时，终端重新选择到设备2。如果此时终端存在待传输的上行数据需要发送，由于主设备已释放双链接的底层配置，则终端执行图2所示的过程，向辅助设备发送RRC恢复消息，后续通过辅助基站传输上行数据，这也是需要通知核心网设备进行路径切换，带来了信令开销，如何恢复终端的双链接，避免路径切换带来的信令开销，是需要解决的技术问题。基于此，本申请提出了一种数据传输的方法，第一接入网设备可以向第二接入网设备(主设备)发送为所述终端建立双链接的指示信息，并指示第二 接入网设备为主接入网设备，第一接入网设备为辅助接入网设备。第二接入网设备在为终端建立双链接后，如果第一接入网设备在接收到终端发送的上行数据，第一接入网设备可以将上行数据发送给第二接入网设备，由第二接入网设备将上行数据发送至核心网，数据传输的过程无需通知核心网设备路径更新，避免了信令开销。
需要说明的是，本申请中链接，也可以称为连接。
第一接入网设备向第二接入网设备发送的为终端建立双链接的指示信息，可以是第一接入网设备自身根据其部署生成的，例如该第一接入网设备仅支持工业网时建立双链接的指示信息或者时延敏感终端设备接入时生成为终端建立双链接的指示信息，还可以是终端发送给第一接入网设备的。
如果是终端向第一接入网设备发送用于指示为终端建立双链接的指示信息，该用于指示为终端建立双链接的指示信息可以是携带在图2中的步骤201中的无线资源控制恢复请求消息中，当然也可以是携带在其他消息中，或者是其它消息格式携带用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息，本申请实施例对于终端发送用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息的方式不做限定。
第一接入网设备在向第二接入网设备发送用于指示为终端建立双链接的指示信息时，该用于指示为终端建立双链接的指示信息可以是携带在图2中的步骤202中的获取终端的上下文的请求消息中，当然也可以是携带在现有的其他消息中，或者是规定新的消息格式，用以携带用于指示为终端建立双链接的指示信息。
用于指示为所述终端建立双链接的指示信息，包括但不限于以下的一种或多种：用于指示有小数据传输的信息、用于指示锚点接入网设备不变的信息、用于指示建立双链接的信息，用于指示不转移终端的上下文的信息。
第一接入网设备在将上行数据发送给第二接入网设备时，可以是通过隧道地址发送的，也可以是通过接口信令发送的。
以下以图9为例，详细说明数据传输的过程：
步骤901：终端向第一接入网设备发送的无线资源控制恢复请求消息，所述请求消息中携带用于指示为终端建立双链接的指示信息。也就是第一接入网设备接收处于去激活态的终端发送的无线资源控制恢复请求消息，所述无线资源控制恢复请求消息中包括用于指示为终端建立双链接的指示信息。
用于指示为终端建立双链接的指示信息可以是用于指示有小数据传输的信息，也可以是用于指示锚点接入网设备不变的信息，也可以是用于指示建立双链接的信息，用于指示不转移终端的上下文的信息。
步骤902：第一接入网设备向第二接入网设备发送的获取终端的上下文的请求消息，所述获取终端的上下文的请求消息中携带用于指示为终端建立双链接的指示信息。也就是第二接入网设备接收第一接入网设备发送的获取终端的上下文的请求消息，所述获取终端的上下文的请求消息中包括用于指示为终端建立双链接的指示信息。
该用于指示为终端建立双链接的指示信息可以用于通知第二接入网设备接收第一接入网设备发送的上行数据，并将该上行数据发送给核心网设备。
步骤903a：第一接入网设备接收第二接入网设备发送的去激活态的终端的上下文的失败消息(retrieve UE context failure)。
所述获取终端的上下文的失败消息，包括但不限于以下的一种或多种：用于指示有小 数据传输的信息、用于指示锚点接入网设备不变的信息、用于指示建立双链接的信息，用于指示不转移终端的上下文的信息。
步骤903b：第一接入网设备接收第二接入网设备发送的业务节点增加的请求消息(SN addition)，所述业务节点增加的请求消息中包括终端的上下文，以及用于传输上行数据的隧道地址。
所述用于指示建立上行隧道地址的指示信息可以是携带在图9中的步骤903a中的去激活态的终端的上下文的响应消息中。当然也可以是携带在现有的其他消息中，或者是规定新的消息格式，用以携带用于传输上行数据的隧道地址。
第二接入网设备为终端建立双链接，第二接入网设备可以作为主接入网设备，并根据指示信息将第一接入网设备作为辅助接入网设备，则第二接入网设备可以向第一接入网设备发送业务节点增加的请求信息，询问第一接入网设备是否同意作为终端的辅助接入网设备。
步骤903c：第一接入网设备向第二接入网设备发送业务节点增加的响应信息(SN addition response)。
第一接入网设备如果同意作为终端的辅助接入网设备，则可以向第二接入网设备发送业务节点增加的响应信息。
步骤904：第一接入网设备根据所述终端的上下文指示处于去激活态的所述终端进入连接态，具体可以是向终端发送无线资源控制恢复消息(RRC resume)。与图2中的步骤204相同。
终端则由去激活态进入到连接态。
步骤905：终端在进入到连接态后，可以向第一接入网设备发送无线资源控制恢复完成消息(RRC resume complete)。与图2中的步骤205相同。
步骤906：第一接入网设备向第二接入网设备发送数据转发地址指示消息(data forwarding address indication)。
第一接入网设备在确定终端进入到连接态后，可以向第二接入网设备提供用于传输下行数据的隧道地址，具体可以是向第二接入网设备发送数据转发地址指示消息(data forwarding address indication)，该数据转发地址指示消息中包括用于传输下行数据的隧道地址。以便第二接入网设备在接收到核心网发送的下行数据后，通过该隧道地址向第一接入网设备下发下行数据。
步骤903d：第一接入网设备在确定终端进入到连接态后，即在步骤907之后，可以向第二接入网设备发送业务节点配置完成消息(SN configuration complete)。
后续处于连接态的终端可以向第一接入网设备发送上行数据，第一接入网设备接收处于连接态的终端发送的上行数据后，可以采用步骤903b中用于传输上行数据的隧道地址将所述上行数据发送给第二接入网设备，由第二接入网设备将所述上行数据发送给核心网设备。
在本申请实施例中，终端也可以处于多链接状态，终端除了可以与第二接入网设备(主接入网设备)，第一接入网设备(辅助接入网设备)连接，还可以与其它接入网设备连接，则第一接入网设备接收处于连接态的终端发送的上行数据后，将上行数据发送给其它接入网设备，由其它接入网设备发送给第二接入网设备。如果其它接入网设备为一个，则终端处于三链接，如果其它接入网设备为2个，终端处于四链接，依次类推。
第一接入网设备向第二接入网设备发送上行数据时，可以是通过隧道地址发送的，也可以是通过接口信令发送的。究竟采用哪种方式发送上行数据，可以是由第二接入网设备来决定，也可以是由第一接入网设备来决定，其过程可参见图3所示的过程。
如果第一接入网设备通过接口信令向第二接入网设备发送上行数据，则第二接入网设备无需向第一接入网设备发送用于传输上行数据的隧道地址，第一接入网设备根据接口信令将上行数据发送给第二接入网设备。
在该实施例中，第一接入网设备也可以向第二接入网设备发送用于指示建立上行隧道的指示信息，发送过程与图3对应实施例处中的过程类似，在此不再进行赘述。
本申请实施例还提供了如图10所示的数据传输过程：
步骤101-步骤102与图9中的步骤901和步骤902相同。
步骤103：第二接入网设备向第一接入网设备发送的去激活态的终端的上下文的响应消息(retrieve UE context response)，其中包括终端的上下文，以及用于传输上行数据的隧道地址。
所述用于指示获取终端的上下文的响应信息，包括但不限于以下的一种或多种：用于指示恢复连接态的信息、用于传输上行数据的隧道地址(UL tunnel address)、主设备终止SCG bearer配置信息(MN terminated SCG bearer)，信令无线承载SRB配置信息。
步骤104：第一接入网设备根据所述终端的上下文指示处于去激活态的所述终端进入连接态，具体可以是向终端发送无线资源控制恢复消息(RRC resume)。与图9中的步骤906相同。
终端则由去激活态进入到连接态。
步骤105：终端在进入到连接态后，可以向第一接入网设备发送无线资源控制恢复完成消息(RRC resume complete)。与图9中的步骤907相同。
后续处于连接态的终端可以向第一接入网设备发送上行数据，第一接入网设备接收处于连接态的终端发送的上行数据后，可以采用步骤904中用于传输上行数据的隧道地址将所述上行数据发送给第二接入网设备，由第二接入网设备将所述上行数据发送给核心网设备。
步骤106：第一接入网设备向第二接入网设备发送数据转发地址指示消息(data forwarding address indication)。
第一接入网设备在确定终端进入到连接态后，即在步骤105之后，可以向第二接入网设备提供用于传输下行数据的隧道地址，具体可以是向第二接入网设备发送数据转发地址指示消息(data forwarding address indication)，该数据转发地址指示消息中包括用于传输下行数据的隧道地址。以便第二接入网设备在接收到核心网发送的下行数据后，通过该隧道地址向第一接入网设备下发下行数据。
步骤107：处于连接态的终端向第一接入网设备发送上行数据。
步骤108：第一接入网设备接收所述终端发送的上行数据，根据用于传输上行数据的隧道地址将所述上行数据发送给所述第二接入网设备。
步骤109：第二接入网设备可以将所述上行数据发送给核心网设备。
在上述实施例中，第一接入网设备向第二接入网设备发送为终端建立双链接的指示信息，恢复了终端的双链接状态，以便后续第一接入网设备将终端的上行数据发送给第二接 入网设备，由第二接入网设备发送给核心网设备，无需通知核心网路径切换，避免了信令开销。
需要说明的是，上述各个实施例中仅是给出了实施方式，根据上述各个实施例描述的方式，进行简单变形后均属于本申请的保护范围，例如，第一接入网设备在向第二接入网设备发送上行数据时，是通过上行隧道发送上行数据，还是通过接口信令发送上行数据的，其确定过程针对各个实施例均是适用的，还例如，第一接入网设备向第二接入网设备发送数据转发地址指示消息(data forwarding address indication)，所述数据转发地址指示消息中包括用于传输下行数据的隧道地址，这针对各个实施例均是适用的。也就是说，终端与第一接入网设备，第一接入网设备与第二接入网设备之间的数据交互，各个实施例均可相互参照扩展，相互参照扩展后得出的实施方式均属于本申请的保护范围。
在本申请实施例中，第一接入网设备还可以确定终端是否完成了上行数据传输，在确定终端完成了上行数据传输后，第一接入网设备可以向第二接入网设备发送上行数据传输结束指示消息，该上行数据结束指示消息可以用于指示终端完成了上行数据传输。该上行数据结束指示消息可以通过上行数据隧道地址中传输的结束标识数据包(end marker)来表示，该指示消息也可以是接口信令，指示所述PDU会话结束上行传输或者所述数据承载结束上行传输。
第一接入网设备确定终端是否完成了上行数据传输的过程，可以是终端通知给该第一接入网设备的，也可以是第一接入网设备中根据发送数据的时间决定的，例如设置定时器，定时器计时达到后，则认为终端完成了上行数据传输，还可以是核心网辅助决定，例如核心网告知该第一接入网设备，终端能够传输的数据包的数量，当第一接入网设备识别终端已传输最大数量的数据包，则认为终端完成了上行数据传输。
当然，第二接入网设备也可以确定核心网是否完成了下行数据传输，第二接入网设备在确定核心网设备完成了下行数据传输后，第二接入网设备也可以向第一接入网设备发送下行数据结束指示消息，该下行数据结束指示消息可以用于指示核心网设备完成了下行数据传输。该下行数据结束指示消息可以通过下行数据隧道地址中传输的结束标识数据包(end marker)来表示，该下行数据隧道可以为PDU会话隧道，DRB隧道，逻辑信道隧道等。该指示消息也可以是接口信令，指示所述PDU会话结束下行传输或者所述数据承载结束下行传输的消息，该下行数据结束传输指示信息可以是核心网发送给第二接入网设备的。
第二接入网设备确定核心网是否完成了下行数据传输的过程，可以是核心网通过结束标识数据包通知给该第二接入网设备的，也可以是通过接口信令通知该第二接入网设备的。
在本申请实施例中，第一接入网设备在确定数据传输完成后，可以向终端发送RRC connected release消息。RRC connected release消息中可以包括suspendlndication和下行数据。
在本申请实施例中，终端在向第一接入网设备发送无线资源控制恢复请求消息之前，终端还可以向第一接入网设备发起随机接入过程，可以是终端先向第一接入网设备发送随机接入请求消息(random access preamble)，并接收接入网设备发送的随机接入响应消息(random access response)。
可以理解的是，以上各个实施例中，由终端实现的方法和/或步骤，也可以由可用于终 端的部件(例如芯片或者电路)实现，由接入网设备(例如第一接入网设备、第二接入网设备)实现的方法和/或步骤，也可以由可用于接入网设备的部件实现，由核心网设备或者核心网节点实现的方法和/或步骤，也可以由可用于核心网设备或者核心网节点的部件实现。
可以理解的，本申请实施例中，终端设备和/或接入网设备可以执行本申请实施例中的部分或全部步骤，这些步骤或操作仅是示例，本申请实施例还可以执行其它操作或者各种操作的变形。此外，各个步骤可以按照本申请实施例呈现的不同的顺序来执行，并且有可能并非要执行本申请实施例中的全部操作。
上述主要从各个网元之间交互的角度对本申请实施例提供的方案进行了介绍。相应的，本申请实施例还提供了数据传输装置，该数据传输装置用于实现上述各种方法。该数据传输装置可以为上述各个方法实施例中所涉及到的终端，或者包含上述终端的装置，或者为可用于终端设备的部件；或者，该数据传输装置可以为上述各个方法实施例中所涉及到的接入网设备(例如第一接入网设备、第二接入网设备)，或者包含上述接入网设备的装置，或者为可用于接入网设备的部件；或者，该数据传输装置还可以为上述各个方法实施例中所涉及到的核心网节点，或者，包括上述核心网节点的装置，或者为可用于核心网节点的部件。可以理解的是，该数据传输装置为了实现上述功能，其包含了执行各个功能相应的硬件结构和/或软件模块。本领域技术人员应该很容易意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，本申请能够以硬件或硬件和计算机软件的结合形式来实现。某个功能究竟以硬件还是计算机软件驱动硬件的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
本申请实施例可以根据上述方法实施例中对数据传输装置进行功能模块的划分，例如，可以对应各个功能划分各个功能模块，也可以将两个或两个以上的功能集成在一个处理模块中。上述集成的模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。需要说明的是，本申请实施例中对模块的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式。
基于与上述数据传输的方法的同一技术构思，如图11所示，本申请实施例还提供了一种数据传输的系统1100，该数据传输的系统1100，包括用于执行上述图1-图10的数据传输的方法中的终端1101，第一接入网设备1102，第二接入网设备1103，核心网设备1104，其中，所述第一接入网设备1102为当前为所述终端1101提供服务的接入网设备，所述第二接入网设备1103为配置所述终端1101进入去激活态的接入网设备；
所述第一接入网设备1102，用于向第二接入网设备1103发送获取终端的上下文的请求消息，其中，所述获取终端的上下文的请求消息中包括用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息；
所述第二接入网设备1103，用于向第一接入网设备1102发送所述终端的上下文和用于传输上行数据的隧道地址；
所述第一接入网设备1102，还用于接收所述第二接入网设备1103发送的所述终端的上下文和用于传输上行数据的隧道地址，并根据所述终端的上下文指示所述终端进入连接态，并接收所述终端发送的上行数据，根据所述隧道地址将所述上行数据发送给所述第二接入网设备1103；
所述第二接入网设备1103，还用于将所述上行数据发送给核心网设备1104。
在一种可能的实现中，所述用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息，包括以下的一种或多种：用于指示有小数据传输的信息，用于指示锚点接入网设备不变的信息，用于指示不转移终端的上下文的信息。
在一种可能的实现中，所述终端1101，用于向第一接入网设备1102发送的无线资源控制恢复请求消息，所述请求消息中包括用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息。
在一种可能的实现中，所述第二接入网设备1103用于向第一接入网设备1102发送所述终端的上下文和用于传输上行数据的隧道地址时，具体用于：
第二接入网设备1103向第一接入网设备1102发送获取终端的上下文的响应消息，所述获取终端的上下文的响应消息中包括所述终端的上下文和用于传输上行数据的隧道地址。
在一种可能的实现中，所述用于传输上行数据的隧道地址，包括：协议数据单元PDU会话标识和/或上行链路转发信息；
其中，所述上行链路转发信息包括：
PDU会话对应的上行数据转发地址；或，
至少一个无线数据承载列表和每个无线数据承载列表对应的上行数据转发地址；或
至少一个LCID列表和每个LCID列表对应的上行数据转发地址。
在一种可能的实现中，所述第一接入网设备1102，还用于向所述第二接入网设备1103发送上行数据结束传输指示消息，所述上行数据结束传输指示消息用于指示所述终端完成了上行数据传输。
基于与上述数据传输的方法的同一构思，如图12所示，本申请实施例还提供了一种数据传输的装置1200。
一种可能的方式中，该数据传输的装置1200可以对应实现上述各个方法实施例中对应终端的操作，该数据传输的装置1200可以是终端，也可以是可用于终端的部件(芯片或者电路)。
一种可能的方式中，该数据传输的装置1200可以包括：处理模块1201、发送模块1202和接收模块1203；所述发送模块1202用于发送数据；所述接收模块1203用于接收数据。该数据传输的装置在执行第一接入网设备执行的步骤时，示例的，发送模块1202，用于向第二接入网设备发送获取终端的上下文的请求消息，其中，所述获取终端的上下文的请求消息中包括用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息，所述装置为当前为所述终端提供服务的接入网设备，所述第二接入网设备为配置所述终端进入去激活态的接入网设备；接收模块1203，用于接收所述第二接入网设备发送的所述终端的上下文和用于传输上行数据的隧道地址；处理模块1201，用于根据所述终端的上下文指示所述终端进入连接态；接收模块1203，还用于接收所述终端发送的上行数据，处理模块1201，还用于根据所述隧道地址将所述上行数据发送给所述第二接入网设备，由所述第二接入网设备将所述上行数据发送给核心网设备。
在一种可能的实现中，所述用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息，包括以下的一种或多种：用于指示有小数据传输的信息，用于指示锚点接入网设备不变的信息，用于指示不转移终端的上下文的信息。
在一种可能的实现中，接收模块1203，还用于接收所述终端发送的无线资源控制恢复 请求消息，所述请求消息中包括用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息。
在一种可能的实现中，接收模块1203，在用于接收所述第二接入网设备发送的所述终端的上下文和用于传输上行数据的隧道地址时，具体用于：接收第二接入网设备发送的获取终端的上下文的响应消息，所述获取终端的上下文的响应消息中包括所述终端的上下文和用于传输上行数据的隧道地址。
在一种可能的实现中，所述用于传输上行数据的隧道地址，包括：协议数据单元PDU会话标识和/或上行链路转发信息；其中，所述上行链路转发信息包括：PDU会话对应的上行数据转发地址；或，至少一个无线数据承载列表和每个无线数据承载列表对应的上行数据转发地址；或至少一个LCID列表和每个LCID列表对应的上行数据转发地址。
在一种可能的实现中，发送模块1202，还用于向所述第二接入网设备发送上行数据结束传输指示消息，所述用上行数据结束传输指示消息用于指示所述终端完成了上行数据传输。
示例性的，如图13所示，该数据传输的装置1300可以包括一个或多个处理器1301，所述处理器1301也可以称为处理单元或者处理模块，可以实现一定的控制功能。所述处理器1301可以是通用处理器或者专用处理器等。例如可以是基带处理器、或中央处理器。基带处理器可以用于对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理，中央处理器可以用于对数据传输装置(如，基站、基带芯片，DU，或CU等)进行控制，执行软件程序，处理软件程序的数据。
在一种可选的设计中，处理器1301也可以存有指令，所述指令可以被所述处理器运行，使得所述数据传输装置1300执行上述方法实施例中描述的对应于终端或者接入网设备(第一接入网设备或者第二接入网设备)的方法。
在又一种可能的设计中，数据传输装置1300可以包括电路，所述电路可以实现前述方法实施例中发送或接收或者通信的功能。
可选地，所述数据传输装置中可以包括一个或多个存储器1303，其上存有指令或者数据等信息，所述指令可在所述处理器上被运行，使得所述数据传输装置1200执行上述方法实施例中描述的方法。可选地，所述存储器中还可以存储有其他相关数据。可选地处理器中也可以存储指令和/或数据。所述处理器和存储器可以单独设置，也可以集成在一起。
可选地，所述数据传输装置还可以包括收发器1302。
所述处理器1301可以称为处理单元。所述收发器1302可以称为收发单元、收发机、收发电路、接口电路或者收发器等，用于实现数据传输装置的收发功能。
在一个设计中，一种数据传输装置(例如，集成电路、无线设备、电路模块，网络设备，终端等)可包括处理器和收发器。若该数据传输装置用于实现对应于图2-图10所示实施例中终端的操作时，例如，可以由收发器向第一接入网设备发送无线资源控制恢复请求消息，具体的处理方式可以参考前述实施例的相关描述。若该数据传输装置用于实现对应于图2-图10所示实施例中第一接入网设备的操作时，例如，可以由收发器接收终端发送的发送无线资源控制恢复请求消息，向第二接入网设备发送获取终端的上下文的请求消息，接收第二接入网设备发送的获取终端的上下文的响应消息等。若该数据传输装置用于实现对应于图2-图10所示实施例中第二接入网设备的操作时，例如，可以由收发器接收第一接入网设备发送获取终端的上下文的请求消息，并向第二接入网设备发送的获取终端的上下文的响应消息等。
图12中的处理模块1201均可以通过处理器1301来实现，发送模块1202和接收模块1203可以通过通信接口1302来实现。
本申请中描述的处理器和收发器可实现在集成电路(integrated circuit，IC)、模拟IC、射频集成电路RFIC、混合信号IC、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、印刷电路板(printed circuit board，PCB)、电子设备等上。该处理器和收发器也可以用各种1C工艺技术来制造，例如互补金属氧化物半导体(complementary metal oxide semiconductor,CMOS)、N型金属氧化物半导体(nMetal-oxide-semiconductor，NMOS)、P型金属氧化物半导体(positive channel metal oxide semiconductor,PMOS)、双极结型晶体管(Bipolar Junction Transistor，BJT)、双极CMOS(BiCMOS)、硅锗(SiGe)、砷化镓(GaAs)等。
虽然在以上的实施例描述中,数据传输装置以接入网设备或者终端为例来描述,但本申请中描述的数据传输装置的范围并不限于此。数据传输装置可以是独立的设备或者可以是较大设备的一部分。例如所述设备可以是：
(1)独立的集成电路IC，或芯片，或，芯片系统或子系统；
(2)具有一个或多个IC的集合，可选地，该IC集合也可以包括用于存储数据和/或指令的存储部件；
(3)ASIC，例如调制解调器(MSM)；
(4)可嵌入在其他设备内的模块；
(5)接收机、终端、蜂窝电话、无线设备、手持机、移动单元，网络设备等等；
(6)其他等等。
处理器可以是中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)，网络处理器(network processor，NP)或者CPU和NP的组合。
处理器还可以进一步包括硬件芯片或其他通用处理器。上述硬件芯片可以是专用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，可编程逻辑器件(programmable logic device，PLD)或其组合。上述PLD可以是复杂可编程逻辑器件(complex programmable logic device，CPLD)，现场可编程逻辑门阵列(field-programmable gate array，FPGA)，通用阵列逻辑(generic array logic，GAL)及其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件等或其任意组合。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。
还应理解，本申请实施例中提及的存储器可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(Programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(Erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(Electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的RAM可用，例如静态随机存取存储器(Static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(Dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(Synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(Double Data Rate SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(Enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(Synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(Direct Rambus RAM，DR RAM)。应注意， 本申请描述的存储器旨在包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。
本申请实施例提供了一种计算机存储介质，存储有计算机程序，该计算机程序包括用于执行上述数据传输的方法。
本申请实施例提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述提供的数据传输的方法。
本申请实施例提供的任一种数据传输的装置还可以是一种芯片。
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本申请的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此，本申请可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本申请可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器、CD-ROM、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本申请是参照根据本申请实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
尽管已描述了本申请的优选实施例，但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概念，则可对这些实施例作出另外的变更和修改。所以，所附权利要求意欲解释为包括优选实施例以及落入本申请范围的所有变更和修改。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请实施例进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请实施例的精神和范围。这样，倘若本申请实施例的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种数据传输的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第一接入网设备向第二接入网设备发送获取终端的上下文的请求消息，其中，所述获取终端的上下文的请求消息中包括用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息，所述第一接入网设备为当前为所述终端提供服务的接入网设备，所述第二接入网设备为配置所述终端进入去激活态的接入网设备，所述小数据为上行数据；
    第一接入网设备从所述第二接入网设备接收所述终端的上下文和用于传输上行数据的隧道地址，并根据所述终端的上下文指示所述终端进入连接态；
    第一接入网设备从所述终端接收上行数据，根据所述隧道地址将所述上行数据发送给所述第二接入网设备。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息包括以下的一种或多种：
    用于指示有小数据传输的信息，用于指示锚点接入网设备不变的信息，用于指示不转移终端的上下文的信息。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    第一接入网设备从所述终端接收无线资源控制恢复请求消息，所述请求消息中包括用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，第一接入网设备从所述第二接入网设备接收所述终端的上下文和用于传输上行数据的隧道地址，包括：
    第一接入网设备从所述第二接入网设备接收获取终端的上下文的响应消息，所述获取终端的上下文的响应消息中包括所述终端的上下文和用于传输上行数据的隧道地址。
  5. 如权利要求1-4任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述用于传输上行数据的隧道地址，包括：协议数据单元PDU会话标识和/或上行链路转发信息；
    其中，所述上行链路转发信息包括：
    PDU会话对应的上行数据转发地址；或，
    至少一个无线数据承载列表和每个无线数据承载列表对应的上行数据转发地址；或
    至少一个逻辑信道标识LCID列表和每个LCID列表对应的上行数据转发地址。
  6. 如权利要求1-5任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    所述第一接入网设备向所述第二接入网设备发送上行数据结束传输指示消息，所述用上行数据结束传输指示消息用于指示所述终端完成了上行数据传输。
  7. 一种数据传输的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    终端向第一接入网设备发送无线资源控制恢复请求消息，所述请求消息中包括用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息，所述用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息用于获取终端的上下文；
    所述终端用于在所述第一接入网设备根据所述终端的上下文的指示下进入连接态，并向第一接入网设备发送上行数据。
  8. 一种数据传输的系统，其特征在于，包括：第一接入网设备和第二接入网设备，其中，所述第一接入网设备为当前为所述终端提供服务的接入网设备，所述第二接入网设备为配置所述终端进入去激活态的接入网设备；
    所述第一接入网设备，用于向第二接入网设备发送获取终端的上下文的请求消息，其中，所述获取终端的上下文的请求消息中包括用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息，小数据为上行数据，所述小数据为上行数据；
    所述第二接入网设备，用于向第一接入网设备发送所述终端的上下文和用于传输上行数据的隧道地址；
    所述第一接入网设备，还用于从所述第二接入网设备接收所述终端的上下文和用于传输上行数据的隧道地址，并根据所述终端的上下文指示所述终端进入连接态，并接收所述终端发送的上行数据，根据所述隧道地址将所述上行数据发送给所述第二接入网设备；
    所述第二接入网设备，还用于从所述第一接入网设备接收上行数据，将所述上行数据发送给核心网设备。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的系统，其特征在于，所述用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息，包括以下的一种或多种：用于指示有小数据传输的信息，用于指示锚点接入网设备不变的信息，用于指示不转移终端的上下文的信息。
  10. 如权利要求8或9所述的系统，其特征在于，还包括：终端；
    所述终端，用于向第一接入网设备发送的无线资源控制恢复请求消息，所述请求消息中包括用于指示小数据传输需求的指示信息。
  11. 如权利要求8所述的系统，其特征在于，所述第二接入网设备用于向第一接入网设备发送所述终端的上下文和用于传输上行数据的隧道地址时，具体用于：
    第二接入网设备向第一接入网设备发送获取终端的上下文的响应消息，所述获取终端的上下文的响应消息中包括所述终端的上下文和用于传输上行数据的隧道地址。
  12. 如权利要求8-11任一项所述的系统，其特征在于，所述用于传输上行数据的隧道地址，包括：协议数据单元PDU会话标识和/或上行链路转发信息；
    其中，所述上行链路转发信息包括：
    PDU会话对应的上行数据转发地址；或，
    至少一个无线数据承载列表和每个无线数据承载列表对应的上行数据转发地址；或
    至少一个逻辑信道标识LCID列表和每个LCID列表对应的上行数据转发地址。
  13. 如权利要求8-12任一项所述的系统，其特征在于，所述第一接入网设备，还用于向所述第二接入网设备发送上行数据结束传输指示消息，所述上行数据结束传输指示消息用于指示所述终端完成了上行数据传输。
  14. 一种数据传输的装置，其特征在于，用于实现如权利要求1-6任一项所述的方法或者如权利要求7所述的方法。
  15. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机存储介质中存储有计算机可读指令，当所述计算机可读指令被运行时，使得装置执行如权利要求1-6任一项所述的方法或如权利要求7所述的方法。
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