WO2020199427A1 - 电池模组结构、动力电池箱及电动叉车 - Google Patents

电池模组结构、动力电池箱及电动叉车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020199427A1
WO2020199427A1 PCT/CN2019/097215 CN2019097215W WO2020199427A1 WO 2020199427 A1 WO2020199427 A1 WO 2020199427A1 CN 2019097215 W CN2019097215 W CN 2019097215W WO 2020199427 A1 WO2020199427 A1 WO 2020199427A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
battery module
pressing plate
plate
fixing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/097215
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
申望屏
伍伟东
陈耀坤
张华农
Original Assignee
深圳市雄韬电源科技股份有限公司
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Application filed by 深圳市雄韬电源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市雄韬电源科技股份有限公司
Publication of WO2020199427A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020199427A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of power batteries, in particular to a battery module structure of a gearbox, a power battery box and an electric forklift.
  • the power battery box of an electric forklift is generally designed according to the shape of the forklift.
  • the installation size of the battery compartment of the power battery box is different, resulting in a wide variety of power battery box sizes; in addition, various models
  • the voltage, current and capacity requirements of forklifts are also different, all of which lead to many specifications of the power battery box of the forklift.
  • the power battery box of electric forklifts generally forms an integrated battery module of a specific specification by connecting multiple cells in parallel and then in series, so that no matter it is for cost control, or for subsequent battery maintenance, battery replacement and battery utilization All bring a lot of inconvenience.
  • the present invention provides a battery module structure, a power battery box, and an electric forklift, which are convenient for modular setting of the battery, convenient for subsequent maintenance and replacement and echelon utilization of the battery, and the cost is controllable.
  • a battery module structure comprising a support structure, and at least one battery module unit arranged on the support structure;
  • the support structure includes a support frame, and a battery fixing structure provided on the support frame, and the battery fixing structure is fixed on the battery module unit and the top of the support frame;
  • the bracket structure includes a bracket bottom plate, and a frame body provided on the bracket bottom plate, and a battery accommodating cavity for accommodating the battery module unit is formed between the bracket bottom plate and the frame body;
  • the battery fixing structure includes at least two battery fixing pressing plates, wherein the two battery fixing pressing plates are respectively detachably connected to the top two sides of one battery module unit, and both ends of each battery fixing pressing plate are It is detachably connected to the top of the frame body.
  • the battery module unit includes a module housing, a plurality of battery cells arranged side by side in the module housing, and negative electrodes connected in parallel to the negative terminals of the plurality of battery cells, and Positive electrodes connected in parallel to the positive terminals of the plurality of cells.
  • the module housing includes a housing bottom plate and a housing side plate surrounding the housing bottom plate.
  • a plurality of side plate windows are opened on the housing side plate, and a plurality of battery cells It is contained in an electric core cavity formed by the enclosure bottom plate and the housing side plate.
  • the battery module structure includes one battery module unit
  • the battery fixing structure includes two first battery fixing pressing plates with an L-shaped cross-sectional shape, and they are respectively pressed on the battery mold At the edges of both sides of the unit.
  • the first battery fixing and pressing plate includes a first pressing plate fastening part, and a first pressing plate bending part bent at a certain angle with the first pressing plate fastening part, and the first pressing plate is fastened The portion is pressed against the top surface of the battery module unit, and the bent portion of the first pressing plate corresponds to the side surface of the battery module unit.
  • the battery module structure includes a plurality of the battery module units, and the battery fixing structure includes two first battery fixing pressing plates whose cross-sectional shape is set to be L-shaped, and the cross-sectional shape is set to be T-shaped. At least one second battery fixing plate, two of the first battery fixing plates are respectively pressed on the outer edges of the plurality of battery module units, and the second battery fixing plate is pressed on two adjacent Between the battery module units.
  • the first battery fixing and pressing plate includes a first pressing plate fastening part, and a first pressing plate bending part bent at a certain angle with the first pressing plate fastening part, and the first pressing plate is fastened The portion is pressed against the top surface of the battery module unit, and the bent portion of the first pressing plate corresponds to the side surface of the battery module unit;
  • the second battery fixing and pressing plate includes two first battery fixing and pressing plates connected to each other, and the first pressing plate bent portions of the two first battery fixing pressing plates are connected side by side to form a second pressing plate bent portion, and the two The first pressure plate fastening parts of the first battery fixing pressure plate are aligned to form a second pressure plate fastening part, and two sides of the second pressure plate fastening part are respectively pressed against the top surfaces of two adjacent battery module units Above, the bent portion of the second pressing plate is interposed between two adjacent battery module units.
  • the battery module structure includes a plurality of horizontally arranged battery module units, and electrode connecting plates of two battery module units adjacent in series; and/or,
  • the battery module structure includes a plurality of longitudinally arranged battery module units, and electrode connecting plates of two battery module units adjacent in series.
  • the present invention also provides a power battery box, which includes a battery compartment, and at least one battery module structure as described above is provided in the battery compartment.
  • the present invention also provides an electric forklift including the above-mentioned power battery box.
  • the technical solution proposed by the present invention includes a plurality of parallel single cells, which has a simple structure, reduces the overall production cost of the battery module, can form an industrial scale, and is beneficial to wide application.
  • module standardization solves the problem of decommissioning.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a battery module structure according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the battery module structure (when some battery module units are removed) according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a battery module unit of the battery module structure according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first battery fixing and pressing plate of the battery module structure according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a second battery fixing plate of the battery module structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure when a plurality of battery module structures are arranged side by side according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a power battery box according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the directional indication is only used to explain that it is in a specific posture ( As shown in the figure), the relative positional relationship and movement conditions of the components under the following, if the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.
  • the present invention proposes a battery module structure 200, which includes a support structure and at least one battery module unit 220 provided on the support structure.
  • the battery module can be arranged, and the battery module unit 220 can be fixed by the bracket structure, and the corresponding number of battery module units 220 can be arranged on the bracket structure as needed, which can adapt to different specification requirements.
  • the bracket structure can be fixed by the bracket structure, and the corresponding number of battery module units 220 can be arranged on the bracket structure as needed, which can adapt to different specification requirements.
  • a problem occurs in one of the battery module units 220, it can be replaced and maintained without disassembling and replacing all the batteries.
  • the above-mentioned battery module unit 220 may include a module housing 222, and a plurality of battery cells 224 arranged side by side in the module housing 222 are connected in parallel to the negative terminals of the plurality of battery cells 224.
  • Both the negative electrode tab 228 and the positive electrode tab 226 can be arranged in the shape of a thin plate, wherein the negative electrode tab 228 can electrically connect the negative terminals of all the cells 224 arranged side by side, and the positive electrode tab 226 can connect all the cells arranged side by side.
  • the positive terminals of the core 224 are electrically connected together. That is, a plurality of battery cells 224 can be connected in parallel in the module housing 222 to form a battery module unit 220, which facilitates the modular configuration of the entire battery module structure. In one embodiment, seven 3.2V75Ah cells can be connected in parallel to form a 3.2V525Ah battery module unit.
  • the above-mentioned module housing 222 may include a housing bottom plate and a housing side plate surrounding the housing bottom plate, and a plurality of electric cores 224 are accommodated in the battery formed by the housing bottom plate and the housing side plate. Core cavity.
  • the bottom plate of the case can support the battery core 224 from the bottom, and the side plate of the case can limit and support the battery core 224 from the side. That is, the module housing 222 can be set as a housing structure with an open top, which is convenient to pack a plurality of electric cores 224 into an integrated module unit 220.
  • the top of the battery core 224 is exposed to facilitate the installation and removal of the battery core 224; the positive terminal and the negative terminal are also exposed to facilitate electrical connection.
  • the module housing 222 can be a rectangular housing, which is convenient for accommodating batteries that are also rectangular.
  • the module housing 222 may include four housing side plates connected end to end into a rectangular tube shape.
  • the module housing 222 can be configured in other shapes, such as circular, trapezoidal, or other irregular shapes, as required.
  • a plurality of side panel windows 2222 can be opened on the side panel of the housing, which can expose the battery core to facilitate the heat dissipation of the battery during use; at the same time, the module housing 222 has a certain degree of toughness, which can remove the battery 224 package is more tight.
  • a plurality of side panel windows 2222 can be opened on the two longer module side panels, and the two shorter module side panels can be kept Closed.
  • the side plate window 2222 can also be opened in a rectangular shape.
  • the above-mentioned support structure may include a support frame 210 and a battery fixing structure provided on the support frame 210.
  • the battery fixing structure is fixed on the battery module unit 220 and the support frame 210 top.
  • the battery module unit 220 can be accommodated by the support frame 210, and the battery module unit 220 can be detachably fixed to the top of the support frame 210 by the battery fixing structure, thereby forming a stable and reliable battery module structure.
  • the battery module unit 220 is accommodated by the bracket frame 210, and the structure is relatively simple, and it is also convenient for the top and sides of the battery module unit 220 to be exposed, which not only facilitates the heat dissipation of the battery module unit 220, but also facilitates the heat dissipation from the top. It is fixed and wired for easy assembly and disassembly.
  • the shape of the support frame 210 can be set according to needs, so as to accommodate the battery module units 220 combined into different shapes.
  • the support frame 210 can be rectangular, and can be used to accommodate a plurality of battery module units 220 that are rectangular.
  • the stent frame can also be L-shaped, T-shaped, or other shapes.
  • bracket frame 210 may include a bracket bottom plate 212, and a frame body 214 provided on the bracket bottom plate 212.
  • a battery container for accommodating battery module units is enclosed between the bracket bottom plate 212 and the frame body 214. Cavity.
  • the bracket bottom plate 212 can support the battery module unit 220 from the bottom, and the frame body 214 can limit and support the battery module unit 220 from the side, and at the same time cooperate with the battery fixing structure to support the battery module unit 220 from the top.
  • the battery module unit 220 can be stably fixed in the battery receiving cavity of the bracket frame 210.
  • the frame body 214 may include a plurality of frame body vertical rods arranged vertically around the bottom of the bracket, and a plurality of frame body cross rods connected to the top of the frame body vertical rods, so that the frame body 214 is enclosed as a frame.
  • the body structure is convenient for accommodating the battery module unit 220.
  • the shape of the frame body 214 can be set as required to accommodate the battery module units 220 combined into different shapes.
  • the shape of the bracket bottom plate 212 may correspond to the shape of the frame body 214.
  • the above-mentioned battery fixing structure may include at least two battery fixing pressing plates, wherein the two battery fixing pressing plates are respectively detachably connected to the top two sides of a battery module unit 220, and both ends of each battery fixing pressing plate are detachable. Connected to the top of the frame body 214.
  • the battery fixing pressing plates By arranging battery fixing pressing plates on both sides of the top of the battery module unit 220, the battery module unit 220 can be pressed and fixed from the edges on both sides of the top of the battery module unit 220.
  • both ends of the battery fixing plate can be installed and fixed on the frame body 214 of the bracket structure, so that the battery module unit 220 can be stably and firmly fixed in the frame body 210.
  • the above-mentioned battery module structure may include one battery module unit 220, and the battery fixing structure may include two first battery fixing pressing plates 230 with an L-shaped cross-sectional shape, which are respectively pressed on At the edges of both sides of the battery module unit 220.
  • the battery fixing structure may include two first battery fixing pressing plates 230 with an L-shaped cross-sectional shape, which are respectively pressed on At the edges of both sides of the battery module unit 220.
  • only one battery module unit 220 is provided in the bracket frame 210 of the battery module structure, and after the battery module unit 220 is installed in the bracket structure, the battery module unit 220 A first battery fixing pressing plate 230 is respectively provided at both sides of the edge, and the battery module unit 220 is pressed and fixed from the top.
  • the top and side surfaces at the edge corners of the battery module unit 220 can be pressed and fixed at the same time, which not only prevents the battery module unit from moving up and down, but also It can prevent the battery module unit from moving from side to side.
  • the above-mentioned first battery fixing pressing plate 230 may include a first pressing plate fastening portion 232 whose main body is set in a flat plate shape, and a parallel connection that is bent at a certain angle with the first pressing plate fastening portion 232.
  • the first pressing plate bending portion 234 is a flat plate, the first pressing plate fastening portion 232 is pressed against the top surface of the battery module unit 220, and the first pressing plate bending portion 234 corresponds to the side surface of the battery module unit 220 Place.
  • first pressure plate fastening portion 232 and the first pressure plate bending portion 234 are bent to form an L shape, so that the inner side surface of the first pressure plate fastening portion 232 can be close to the top surface of the battery module unit 220;
  • the first bending portion 234 of the pressing plate may correspond to the side surface of the battery module unit 220, and the inner side surface of the bending portion 234 of the first pressing plate may be in contact with the side surface of the battery module unit 220 or have a certain gap.
  • both ends of the first battery fixing pressing plate 230 are fixed to the top of the frame body 214 of the support structure, so as to fix the battery module unit 220 from the top.
  • both ends of the flat plate-shaped first pressure plate fastening portion 232 can be respectively bent toward the frame body 214, so that the end of the first pressure plate fastening portion 232 is also formed into an L shape, so that the first pressure plate is fastened
  • the end of the portion 232 can also limit and fix the other side surface of the battery module unit 220, and at the same time, the end of the first pressure plate fastening portion 232 can be fixed to the frame body 214 by a fastener.
  • the included angle between the first pressure plate fastening portion 232 and the first pressure plate bent portion 234 may be approximately 90°.
  • the battery module structure may include a plurality of battery module units 220
  • the battery fixing structure may include two first battery fixing pressing plates 230 with an L-shaped cross-sectional shape, and a cross-sectional shape At least one second battery fixing pressing plate 240 set in a T shape, two first battery fixing pressing plates 230 are respectively pressed on the outer edges of the plurality of battery module units 220 (referring to the whole formed by the multiple battery module units being arranged side by side The outer edge of the battery module), and the second battery fixing plate 240 is pressed between two adjacent battery module units 220.
  • the first battery fixing pressing plate 230 can fix the entire battery module unit 220 from the outermost side of the plurality of battery module units 220, and the second battery fixing plate 240 can fix the entire battery module unit 220 from the two adjacent battery module units 220.
  • the position is fixed, and the second battery fixing plate 240 can be used to isolate two adjacent battery module units 220.
  • the first battery fixing pressing plate 230 into an L shape, the top and side surfaces at the edge corners of the battery module unit 220 can be pressed and fixed at the same time, which not only prevents the battery module unit from moving up and down, but also It can prevent the battery module unit 220 from moving around.
  • the second battery fixing pressing plate 240 in a T shape, not only can the top and side surfaces at the edge corners of the battery module unit 220 be pressed and fixed at the same time, but also two adjacent battery module units can be pressed and fixed.
  • the sides of 220 are isolated to prevent two adjacent battery module units 220 from affecting each other.
  • the two battery module units 220 can be placed in a designated position, and the two battery modules can be separated by a certain distance, or the second battery fixing plate 240 can be separated by a certain distance to prevent the positive and negative poles of the two from being too close, which poses a safety hazard. .
  • the first battery fixing and pressing plate 230 may include a first pressing plate fastening portion 232, and a first pressing plate bending portion 234 that is bent at a certain angle with the first pressing plate fastening portion 232. 232 is pressed against the top surface of the battery module unit 220, and the first bending portion 234 of the pressing plate corresponds to the side surface of the battery module unit 220.
  • first pressure plate fastening portion 232 and the first pressure plate bending portion 234 are bent to form an L shape, so that the inner side surface of the first pressure plate fastening portion 232 can be close to the top surface of the battery module unit 220 On; and the first bending portion 234 of the pressure plate may correspond to the side surface of the battery module unit 220, and the inner surface of the first bending portion 234 of the pressure plate may be in contact with the side surface of the battery module unit 220, or have a certain gap.
  • both ends of the first battery fixing pressing plate 230 are fixed to the top of the frame body 214 of the support structure, so as to fix the battery module unit 220 from the top.
  • both ends of the first pressure plate fastening portion 232 can be respectively bent toward the frame body 214, so that the end of the first pressure plate fastening portion 232 is also formed into an L shape, so that the first pressure plate fastening portion 232
  • the end portion can also limit and fix the other side surface of the battery module unit 220, and at the same time, the end portion of the first pressing plate fastening portion 232 can be fixed to the frame body 214 by a fastener.
  • the included angle between the first pressure plate fastening portion 232 and the first pressure plate bent portion 234 may be approximately 90°.
  • the second battery fixing pressing plate 240 can be directly set in a T-shape, that is, it includes a second pressing plate fastening portion 242 whose main body is a flat plate, and a second pressing plate bending whose main body is a flat plate.
  • the folding portion 244, and the second pressing plate bending portion 244 can be welded to the middle of the second pressing plate fastening portion 242, so that the cross section of the second battery fixing pressing plate 240 forms a T shape.
  • the inner side surfaces on both sides of the second pressure plate fastening portion 242 are respectively pressed against the top surfaces of two adjacent battery module units 220, and the second pressure plate bending portion 244 is provided on two adjacent battery molds. Between the group units 220.
  • an L-shaped shape is formed between one side of the second pressure plate fastening portion 242 and the second pressure plate bending portion 244, so that the inner surface of the second pressure plate fastening portion 242 can be closely attached to the battery module unit 220
  • the second pressing plate bending portion 244 can correspond to a side surface of a battery module unit 220, and a side surface of the second pressing plate bending portion 244 can be in contact with the side surface of the battery module unit 220, Or have a certain gap.
  • the other side of the second pressure plate fastening portion 242 and the second pressure plate bending portion 244 also form an L-shape, so that the inner surface of the other side of the second pressure plate fastening portion 242 can be close to the adjacent The top surface of another battery module unit 220; and the second pressing plate bent portion 244 may correspond to the side surface of another adjacent battery module unit 220, and the other side surface of the second pressing plate bent portion 244 may correspond to The side surfaces of the battery module unit 220 are in contact or have a certain gap.
  • both ends of the second battery fixing pressing plate 240 are fixed to the top of the frame body 214 of the support structure, so as to fix the battery module unit 220 from the top.
  • both ends of the second pressure plate fastening portion 242 can be respectively bent toward the frame body 214, so that the end of the second pressure plate fastening portion 242 is also formed into an L shape, so that the second pressure plate fastening portion 242
  • the end portion can also limit and fix the other side surface of the battery module unit 220, and at the same time, the end portion of the second pressure plate fastening portion 242 can be fixed to the frame body 214 by a fastener.
  • the included angle between the second pressure plate fastening portion 242 and the second pressure plate bent portion 244 may be approximately 90°.
  • the second battery fixing pressing plate 240 may include two first battery fixing pressing plates 230 in an L shape connected to each other, and the first pressing plate bending portions of the two first battery fixing pressing plates 230 234 is connected side by side to form a second pressure plate bending part 244, the first pressure plate fastening parts 232 of the two first battery fixing pressure plates 230 are aligned to form a second pressure plate fastening part 242, and both sides of the second pressure plate fastening part 242 are pressed respectively On the top surfaces of two adjacent battery module units 220, the second pressing plate bent portion 244 is interposed between two adjacent battery module units 220.
  • the two first battery fixing plates 230 can be connected together to form a T-shape. structure.
  • the structure and function principle of the second battery fixing plate 240 formed by connecting the two first battery fixing plates 230 are the same as the above-mentioned second battery fixing plate 240 directly configured as a T-shaped structure, and will not be repeated here.
  • the fasteners (such as locking screws) will exert a squeezing force on both sides of the modular battery module unit 220 ,
  • the battery module unit 220 is fixed laterally; and after the fasteners (such as locking screws) are locked, the second battery fixing pressing plate 240 can press the battery module units 220 on both sides, and the modular battery module
  • the assembly unit 220 is fixed from top to bottom; in addition, there will be a gap between the first battery fixing plate 230, the second battery fixing plate 240 and the support structure, which has a pre-tensioning effect, so that the first battery fixing plate 230 and the second battery are fixed.
  • the pressure plate 240 provides pre-tightening force to the modular battery module unit 220 to prevent loosening; lock the locking screws on the first battery fixing pressure plate 230 and the second battery fixing pressure plate 240, and the modular battery module unit 220 is connected to the sampling line , Temperature sensing wire, etc., can be operated on the top of the modular battery module unit for easy assembly.
  • the battery module structure may include a plurality of battery module units 220 arranged laterally, and electrode connecting plates 250 of two battery module units 220 adjacent in series.
  • each battery module unit 220 is arranged horizontally, and a plurality of battery module units 220 are arranged side by side and close together laterally, and all the battery module units 220 pass the above-mentioned first battery fixing pressing plate 230.
  • the second battery fixing and pressing plate 240 is detachably fixed on the support structure.
  • the first battery fixing pressing plate 230 and the second battery fixing pressing plate 240 may also be arranged horizontally.
  • two adjacent battery module units 220 are connected in series through the electrode connecting plate 250, that is, the positive electrode of one battery module unit 220 and the negative electrode of the other battery module unit 220 are connected through the electrode connecting plate 250.
  • the electric strips are electrically connected, thereby connecting all the battery module units 220 in series.
  • the battery module structure may include a plurality of battery module units 220 arranged longitudinally, and an electrode connecting plate 250 of two battery module units 220 adjacent in series.
  • each battery module unit 220 is arranged longitudinally, and a plurality of battery module units 220 are arranged side by side and close together longitudinally, and all the battery module units 220 pass through the above-mentioned first battery fixing pressing plate 230
  • the second battery fixing and pressing plate 240 is detachably fixed on the support structure.
  • the first battery fixing pressing plate 230 and the second battery fixing pressing plate 240 can also be arranged longitudinally or horizontally.
  • two adjacent battery module units 220 are connected in series through the electrode connecting plate 250, that is, the positive electrode of one battery module unit 220 and the negative electrode of the other battery module unit 220 are connected through the electrode connecting plate 250.
  • the electric sheets are electrically connected, thereby connecting all the battery module units in series.
  • the third battery fixing pressing plate 260 can also be used to fix each battery module unit from both sides (along the longitudinal direction).
  • the battery module structure may include a plurality of longitudinally arranged battery module units 220 and a plurality of laterally arranged battery module units 220, and two adjacent in series.
  • the electrode connection plate 250 of the battery module unit 220 part of the battery module units 220 are arranged longitudinally, and a plurality of battery module units 220 are arranged side by side close together; some battery module units 220 are arranged laterally, and a plurality of battery module units 220 are arranged laterally. Set side by side close together.
  • all the battery module units 220 can be detachably fixed to the support structure through the aforementioned first battery fixing plate 230 and the second battery fixing plate 240 (and the third battery fixing plate 260).
  • first battery fixing pressing plate 230 and the second battery fixing pressing plate 240 may also be arranged longitudinally and/or horizontally.
  • two adjacent battery module units 220 are connected in series through the electrode connecting plate 250, that is, the positive electrode of one battery module unit and the negative electrode of the other battery module unit are electrically connected through the electrode connecting plate. Connect to connect all the battery module units in series. In this way, multiple battery module units can be set according to actual conditions to meet different needs.
  • the present invention also provides a power battery box, which includes a battery compartment 100, and at least one battery module structure 200 as described above is provided in the battery compartment 100.
  • the battery compartment 100 includes a cylindrical main compartment body 110 with an open top, and a compartment cover body covering the top of the main compartment body.
  • the battery module structure can be accommodated in a cavity in the main compartment body.
  • one battery module structure or multiple battery module structures can be provided in the battery compartment. When multiple battery module structures are provided, these battery module structures can be arranged in one layer or multiple layers (as shown in FIG. 6), and there may be gaps between adjacent battery module structures.
  • the present invention also provides an electric forklift including the above-mentioned power battery box.
  • an electric forklift including the above-mentioned power battery box.
  • a varying number of modular battery module structures can be placed to meet the inconsistent requirements of capacity and battery box size, and through different parallel-series matching methods, modules with different voltages and currents can be formed to realize forklifts.
  • the modules of the power battery box are modularized. In this way, whether it is subsequent maintenance, interchange of battery modules, and battery echelon utilization, it brings a lot of convenience, and it is well fixed on the basis of the best performance of the modular module, ensuring that the electric forklift even reaches the speed Up to 30 kilometers, modular modules can also be effectively fixed in all directions, providing protection for battery safety.
  • the battery module structure can compress the modular battery module unit, so that the modular battery module unit can be fixed in the vertical direction, and has a pre-tightening effect;
  • the group unit has a squeezing effect to fix it horizontally;
  • the spacing of the modular battery module unit can be controlled to prevent the positive and negative poles from being too close, which may pose a safety hazard; it can be fixed on the top of the modular module for easy operation; battery fixing
  • the structure can be formed by the same hardware.
  • the battery module structure and the power battery box include multiple parallel single cells, which have a simple structure, reduce the overall production cost of the battery module, and can form an industrial scale, which is conducive to wide-ranging applications.
  • the module standardization solution It is helpful for the rapid on-site handling of after-sales maintenance. If the battery cell of a certain module fails, the module in it can be directly replaced; this modular module structure facilitates the application of different battery modules Brand or size battery compartments improve the versatility and interchangeability of accessories among various brands.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种电池模组结构、动力电池箱及电动叉车。该电池模组结构，包括支架结构，设于支架结构上的至少一个电池模组单元；支架结构包括支架框体，以及设于支架框体上的电池固定结构，电池固定结构固设于电池模组单元和支架框体顶部；支架结构包括支架底板，以及设于支架底板上的框体主体，支架底板与框体主体之间围设形成用于容纳电池模组单元的电池容纳腔；电池固定结构包括至少两个电池固定压板，其中两个电池固定压板分别连接于一个电池模组单元的顶部两侧，且每个电池固定压板两端均连接于框体主体的顶部。本发明提供的方案，便于将电池进行模组化设置，方便后续进行维修更换以及电池的梯次利用，成本可控。

Description

电池模组结构、动力电池箱及电动叉车 技术领域
本发明涉及动力电池技术领域，特别是涉及一种变速箱的电池模组结构、动力电池箱及电动叉车。
背景技术
目前，全球经济面临着巨大的能源危机，节能减排和发展可替代化石燃料的新能源更是人类迫在眉睫的需求。面对当今国内乃至全球日益严格的尾气排放标准及未来的能源危机，各大汽车厂商都在研发低排放的新能源技术，以适应这一发展趋势，其中纯电动车辆是目前各大车企大力研发的领域之一。
电动叉车作为一种特种电动车辆，其动力电池箱一般根据叉车外形设计，对于不同的叉车其动力电池箱的电池仓安装尺寸各不相同，导致动力电池箱的尺寸种类繁多；另外，各种型号叉车的电压、电流和容量要求也各不相同，这些都导致叉车的动力电池箱的规格很多。而且，电动叉车的动力电池箱一般是通过将多个电芯先并后串组成特定规格的一体式的电池模组，这样无论是对成本控制，还是对后续的电池维修、更换电池及电池利用都带来诸多不便。
发明内容
基于此，本发明提供一种电池模组结构、动力电池箱及电动叉车，便于将电池进行模组化设置，方便后续进行维修更换以及电池的梯次利用，成本可控。
为实现上述目的，本发明提出如下技术方案：
一种电池模组结构，包括支架结构，设于所述支架结构上的至少一个电 池模组单元；
所述支架结构包括支架框体，以及设于所述支架框体上的电池固定结构，所述电池固定结构固设于所述电池模组单元和所述支架框体顶部；
所述支架结构包括支架底板，以及设于所述支架底板上的框体主体，所述支架底板与所述框体主体之间围设形成用于容纳所述电池模组单元的电池容纳腔；
所述电池固定结构包括至少两个电池固定压板，其中两个所述电池固定压板分别可拆卸地连接于一个所述电池模组单元的顶部两侧，且每个所述电池固定压板两端均可拆卸地连接于所述框体主体的顶部。
可选地，所述电池模组单元包括模组壳体，并排设于所述模组壳体中的多个电芯，并联连接于多个所述电芯的负极端的负极电片，以及并联连接于多个所述电芯的正极端的正极电片。
可选地，所述模组壳体包括壳体底板，以及围设于所述壳体底板四周的壳体侧板，所述壳体侧板上开设有多个侧板窗口，多个电芯容纳于所述壳体底板和所述壳体侧板围设形成的电芯腔体中。
可选地，所述电池模组结构包括一个所述电池模组单元，所述电池固定结构包括横截面形状设为L形的两个第一电池固定压板、并分别压设于所述电池模组单元两侧边缘处。
可选地，所述第一电池固定压板包括第一压板紧固部，以及与所述第一压板紧固部弯折成一定夹角的第一压板弯折部，所述第一压板紧固部压紧于所述电池模组单元的顶面，所述第一压板弯折部对应于所述电池模组单元的侧面。
可选地，所述电池模组结构包括多个所述电池模组单元，所述电池固定结构包括横截面形状设为L形的两个第一电池固定压板、以及横截面形状设为T形的至少一个第二电池固定压板，两个所述第一电池固定压板分别压设于多个所述电池模组单元外侧边缘处，所述第二电池固定板压设于相邻的两个所述电池模组单元之间。
可选地，所述第一电池固定压板包括第一压板紧固部，以及与所述第一压板紧固部弯折成一定夹角的第一压板弯折部，所述第一压板紧固部压紧于所述电池模组单元的顶面，所述第一压板弯折部对应于所述电池模组单元的侧面；
所述第二电池固定压板包括相互连接的两个所述第一电池固定压板，两个所述第一电池固定压板的第一压板弯折部并排连接形成第二压板弯折部，两个所述第一电池固定压板的第一压板紧固部对齐形成第二压板紧固部，所述第二压板紧固部两侧分别压紧于相邻的两个所述电池模组单元的顶面上，所述第二压板弯折部隔设于相邻的两个电池模组单元之间。
可选地，所述电池模组结构包括多个横向设置的所述电池模组单元，以及串联相邻的两个所述电池模组单元的电极连接板；和/或，
所述电池模组结构包括多个纵向设置的所述电池模组单元，以及串联相邻的两个所述电池模组单元的电极连接板。
此外，本发明还提出一种动力电池箱，包括电池仓，设于所述电池仓中的至少一个如上所述的电池模组结构。
此外，本发明还提出一种电动叉车，包括如上所述的动力电池箱。
本发明提出的技术方案中，包括多个并联的单体电芯，其结构简单，降低电池模组的整体生产成本，能够形成产业规模化，有利于广泛地应用，同时模组标准化解决了退役电池梯次利用的去向；和有利于售后维护的快速现场处理，某个模组的电芯故障，可以直接更换其中所在的模组；以及这种模块化模组固定结构，方便电池模组应用于不同品牌或者尺寸的电池仓，提高了配件在各品牌之间的通用性和互换性。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲， 在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图示出的结构获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例所述电池模组结构的立体结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例所述电池模组结构(移除部分电池模组单元时)的立体结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例所述电池模组结构的电池模组单元的立体结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例所述电池模组结构的第一电池固定压板的立体结构示意图；
图5为本发明实施例所述电池模组结构的第二电池固定压板的立体结构示意图；
图6为本发明实施例多个所述电池模组结构并列设置时的立体结构示意图；
图7为本发明实施例所述动力电池箱的立体结构示意图。
附图标号说明：100-电池仓，200-电池模组结构，210-支架框体，212-支架底板，214-框体主体，220-电池模组单元，222-模组壳体，2222-侧板窗口，224-电芯，226-正极电片，228-负极电片，230-第一电池固定压板，232-第一压板紧固部，234-第一压板弯折部，240-第一电池固定压板，242-第二压板紧固部，244-第二压板弯折部，250-电极连接板，260-第三电池固定压板。
本发明目的的实现、功能特点及优点将结合实施例，参照附图做进一步说明。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
需要说明，若本发明实施例中有涉及方向性指示(诸如上、下、左、右、前、后、顶、底……)，则该方向性指示仅用于解释在某一特定姿态(如附图所示)下各部件之间的相对位置关系、运动情况等，如果该特定姿态发生改变时，则该方向性指示也相应地随之改变。
另外，若本发明实施例中有涉及“第一”、“第二”等的描述，则该“第一”、“第二”等的描述仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示其相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。另外，各个实施例之间的技术方案可以相互结合，但是必须是以本领域普通技术人员能够实现为基础，当技术方案的结合出现相互矛盾或无法实现时应当认为这种技术方案的结合不存在，也不在本发明要求的保护范围之内。
如图1至图2所示，本发明提出一种电池模组结构200，包括支架结构，设于支架结构上的至少一个电池模组单元220。这样，可将电池模组化设置，并用支架结构对电池模组单元220进行固定，可以根据需要在支架结构上设置相应数量电池模组单元220，可以适应不同的规格需求。而且，当其中一个电池模组单元220出现问题时，可对其进行更换维护，无需拆装更换所有的电池。
具体地，如图3所示，上述电池模组单元220可包括模组壳体222，并排设于该模组壳体222中的多个电芯224，并联连接于多个电芯224的负极端的负极电片228，以及并联连接于多个电芯224的正极端的正极电片226。负极电片228和正极电片226均可设置为薄板状，其中负极电片228可将并排设置的所有电芯224的负极端电连接在一起，而正极电片226可将并排设置的所有电芯224的正极端电连接在一起。即可将多个电芯224并联设于模组壳体222中，以形成一个电池模组单元220，便于将整个电池模组结构进行模组化设置。在一实施例中，可将七个3.2V75Ah的电芯并联组成3.2V525Ah的电池模组单元。
进一步地，上述模组壳体222可包括壳体底板，以及围设于该壳体底板四周的壳体侧板，多个电芯224容纳于壳体底板和壳体侧板围设形成的电芯腔体中。其中，壳体底板可从底部对电芯224进行支撑，壳体侧板可从侧面对电芯 224进行限位和支撑。即可将模组壳体222设为顶部开口的壳体结构，便于将多个电芯224包设为一个整体模组单元220。同时，使得电芯224的顶部外露，便于安装拆卸电芯224；也使得正极端和负极端外露，便于进行电连接。在本实施例中，该模组壳体222可设为矩形壳体，便于容纳同样设为矩形的电芯。此时，该模组壳体222可包括四块首尾连接成矩形筒状的壳体侧板。此外，还可根据需要，将模组壳体222设为其他形状结构，如圆形、梯形、或其他不规则形状。此外，壳体侧板上可开设有多个侧板窗口2222，可使得电芯部分外露，便于电芯在使用过程中散热；同时也使得模组壳体222具有一定的韧性，可将电芯224包设更加紧固。在本实施例中，当模组壳体222设为矩形时，可在较长的两个模组侧板上均开设多个侧板窗口2222，并使较短的两个模组侧板保持封闭。而且，侧板窗口2222也可开设为矩形形状。
此外，如图1至图2所示，上述支架结构可包括支架框体210，以及设于支架框体210上的电池固定结构，电池固定结构固设于电池模组单元220和支架框体210顶部。通过设置支架框体210可对电池模组单元220进行容纳，而通过电池固定结构可将电池模组单元220可拆卸地固定于支架框体210顶部，从而形成稳定可靠的电池模组结构。而且，通过支架框体210对电池模组单元220进行容纳，结构相对简单，也便于电池模组单元220的顶部和侧面外露，不仅有利于电池模组单元220的散热，还有利于从顶部对其进行固定和接线，便于装拆。而且，支架框体210的形状可根据需要进行设置，以便容纳组合成不同形状的电池模组单元220。在本实施例中，支架框体210可设为矩形，可用于容纳多个设为矩形的电池模组单元220。此外，支架框体也可设为L形，或T形，或其他形状。
进一步地，上述支架框体210可包括支架底板212，以及设于支架底板212上的框体主体214，支架底板212与框体主体214之间围设形成用于容纳电池模组单元的电池容纳腔。其中，支架底板212可对电池模组单元220从底部进行支撑，而框体主体214可对电池模组单元220从侧面进行限位和支撑，同时配合电池固定结构从顶部对电池模组单元220进行固定，可将电池模组单元220 稳定地固定在支架框体210的电池容纳腔中。而且，该框体主体214可包括多根竖直设置于支架底板四周的框体竖杆，以及连接设于框体竖杆顶部的多根框体横杆，使得框体主体214围设成框体结构，便于对电池模组单元220进行容纳。同理，框体主体214的形状可根据需要进行设置，以便容纳组合成不同形状的电池模组单元220。而且，支架底板212的形状可与框体主体214的形状对应。
此外，上述电池固定结构可包括至少两个电池固定压板，其中两个电池固定压板分别可拆卸地连接于一个电池模组单元220的顶部两侧，且每个电池固定压板两端均可拆卸地连接于框体主体214的顶部。通过在电池模组单元220的顶部两侧设置电池固定压板，可与从电池模组单元220的顶部两侧边缘处对其进行压紧固定。同时，可将电池固定压板两端安装固定于支架结构的框体主体214上，从而可稳定牢固地将电池模组单元220固定于支架框体210中。
而且，在一实施例中，上述电池模组结构可包括一个电池模组单元220，而电池固定结构可包括横截面形状设为L形的两个第一电池固定压板230、并分别压设于电池模组单元220两侧边缘处。在本实施例中，电池模组结构的支架框体210中仅仅只设置一个电池模组单元220，并在将该电池模组单元220安设到支架结构中后，在该电池模组单元220的两侧边缘处分别设置一个第一电池固定压板230，从顶部对该电池模组单元220进行压紧固定。而且，通过将该第一电池固定压板230设置为L形，可同时对电池模组单元220边缘转角位置处的顶面和侧面进行压紧固定，不仅可以防止电池模组单元上下窜动，还可防止电池模组单元左右窜动。
进一步地，如图4所示，上述第一电池固定压板230可包括主体设为平板状的第一压板紧固部232，以及与第一压板紧固部232弯折成一定夹角的、并设为平板状的第一压板弯折部234，该第一压板紧固部232压紧于电池模组单元220的顶面，而第一压板弯折部234对应于电池模组单元220的侧面处。即第一压板紧固部232与第一压板弯折部234之间弯折形成L形形状，使第一压板紧 固部232的内侧面可紧贴于电池模组单元220的顶面上；而第一压板弯折部234可与电池模组单元220的侧面对应，且第一压板弯折部234的内侧面可与电池模组单元220的侧面之间接触、或具有一定间隙。此外，第一电池固定压板230的两端固定于支架结构的框体主体214顶部，以便于将电池模组单元220从顶部进行固定。而且，平板状的第一压板紧固部232的两端可分别向框体主体214弯折，可使得第一压板紧固部232的端部也形成为L形，从而使得第一压板紧固部232的端部也可对电池模组单元220的另一侧面进行限位和固定，同时还可通过紧固件将第一压板紧固部232的端部固定于框体主体214上。此外，在本实施例中，第一压板紧固部232与第一压板弯折部234之间的夹角可近似为90°。
此外，在另一实施例中，电池模组结构可包括多个电池模组单元220，而电池固定结构可包括横截面形状设为L形的两个第一电池固定压板230、以及横截面形状设为T形的至少一个第二电池固定压板240，两个第一电池固定压板230分别压设于多个电池模组单元220外侧边缘处(指多个电池模组单元并排设置而形成的整体的外侧边缘)，而第二电池固定板240压设于相邻的两个电池模组单元220之间。第一电池固定压板230可从多个电池模组单元220的最外侧对整个电池模组单元220进行固定，而第二电池固定板240可从相邻的两个电池模组单元220之间的位置处进行固定，同时可利用第二电池固定板240对相邻的两个电池模组单元220进行隔离。而且，通过将该第一电池固定压板230设置为L形，可同时对电池模组单元220边缘转角位置处的顶面和侧面进行压紧固定，不仅可以防止电池模组单元上下窜动，还可防止电池模组单元220左右窜动。而且，通过将第二电池固定压板240设置为T形，不仅可同时对电池模组单元220边缘转角位置处的顶面和侧面进行压紧固定，还可对相邻的两个电池模组单元220的侧面进行隔离，避免相邻的两个电池模组单元220相互影响。即可将两个电池模组单元220放在指定位置，并使二者自然间隔一定距离，或者通过第二电池固定压板240隔离一定距离，防止二者的正负极距离太近，存在安全隐患。
进一步地，上述第一电池固定压板230可包括第一压板紧固部232，以及与第一压板紧固部232弯折成一定夹角的第一压板弯折部234，第一压板紧固部232压紧于电池模组单元220的顶面，第一压板弯折部234对应于电池模组单元220的侧面。同理，第一压板紧固部232与第一压板弯折部234之间弯折形成L形形状，使第一压板紧固部232的内侧面可紧贴于电池模组单元220的顶面上；而第一压板弯折部234可与电池模组单元220的侧面对应，且第一压板弯折部234的内侧面可与电池模组单元220的侧面之间接触、或具有一定间隙。此外，第一电池固定压板230的两端固定于支架结构的框体主体214顶部，以便于将电池模组单元220从顶部进行固定。而且，第一压板紧固部232的两端可分别向框体主体214弯折，可使得第一压板紧固部232的端部也形成为L形，从而使得第一压板紧固部232的端部也可对电池模组单元220的另一侧面进行限位和固定，同时还可通过紧固件将第一压板紧固部232的端部固定于框体主体214上。此外，在本实施例中，第一压板紧固部232与第一压板弯折部234之间的夹角可近似为90°。
而且，在一实施例中，第二电池固定压板240可直接设为T形形状，即可包括主体设为平板状的第二压板紧固部242，以及主体设为平板状的第二压板弯折部244，而第二压板弯折部244可焊接于第二压板紧固部242中间，使第二电池固定压板240的横截面形成T字形。而且，第二压板紧固部242两侧的内侧面分别压紧于相邻的两个电池模组单元220的顶面上，第二压板弯折部244隔设于相邻的两个电池模组单元220之间。同理，第二压板紧固部242的一侧与第二压板弯折部244之间形成L形形状，使第二压板紧固部242一侧的内侧面可紧贴于电池模组单元220的顶面上；而第二压板弯折部244可与一个电池模组单元220的侧面对应，且第二压板弯折部244的一侧面可与该电池模组单元220的侧面之间接触、或具有一定间隙。而且，第二压板紧固部242的另一侧与第二压板弯折部244之间也形成L形形状，使第二压板紧固部242另一侧的内侧面可紧贴于相邻的另一个电池模组单元220的顶面上；而第二压板弯折部244可与相邻的另一个电池模组单元220的侧面对应，且第二压板弯折部244的另一 侧面可与该电池模组单元220的侧面之间接触、或具有一定间隙。
此外，第二电池固定压板240的两端固定于支架结构的框体主体214顶部，以便于将电池模组单元220从顶部进行固定。而且，第二压板紧固部242的两端可分别向框体主体214弯折，可使得第二压板紧固部242的端部也形成为L形，从而使得第二压板紧固部242的端部也可对电池模组单元220的另一侧面进行限位和固定，同时还可通过紧固件将第二压板紧固部242的端部固定于框体主体214上。此外，在本实施例中，第二压板紧固部242与第二压板弯折部244之间的夹角可近似为90°。
此外，在另一实施例中，第二电池固定压板240可包括相互连接的两个设为L形形状的第一电池固定压板230，两个第一电池固定压板230的第一压板弯折部234并排连接形成第二压板弯折部244，两个第一电池固定压板230的第一压板紧固部232对齐形成第二压板紧固部242，第二压板紧固部242两侧分别压紧于相邻的两个电池模组单元220的顶面上，第二压板弯折部244隔设于相邻的两个电池模组单元220之间。在本实施例中，可通过将两个L形的第一电池固定压板230的第一压板弯折部234连接在一起，从而将两个第一电池固定板230连接在一起、并形成T形结构。而两个第一电池固定压板230连接形成的第二电池固定板240的结构及作用原理，与上述直接设为T形结构的第二电池固定压板240相同，在此不再赘述。
而且，第一电池固定压板230、第二电池固定压板240对准支架结构相应位置放下去后，紧固件(如锁紧螺丝)会对模块化的电池模组单元220产生两侧挤紧力，对电池模组单元220横向进行固定；而且，紧固件(如锁紧螺丝)锁紧后，第二电池固定压板240可压紧两侧的电池模组单元220，对模块化的电池模组单元220从上下方向进行固定；另外，第一电池固定压板230、第二电池固定压板240与支架结构之间会有间隙，起预紧效果，让第一电池固定压板230、第二电池固定压板240给模块化的电池模组单元220提供预紧力，防止松动；锁第一电池固定压板230、第二电池固定压板240上的锁紧螺丝，模块化的电池模组单元220接采样线、温感线等，都可在模块化的电池模组单元顶 部操作，方便装配。
此外，在一实施例中，电池模组结构可包括多个横向设置的电池模组单元220，以及串联相邻的两个电池模组单元220的电极连接板250。在本实施例中，每个电池模组单元220均横向设置，并将多个电池模组单元220横向并排靠近设置在一起，所有的电池模组单元220均通过上述的第一电池固定压板230和第二电池固定压板240可拆卸地固定在支架结构上。相应地，第一电池固定压板230和第二电池固定压板240也可横向设置。而且，相邻的两个电池模组单元220之间通过电极连接板250进行串接，即通过电极连接板250将一个电池模组单元220的正极电片和另一个电池模组单元220的负极电片电连接，从而将所有的电池模组单元220串联起来。
此外，在另一实施例中，电池模组结构可包括多个纵向设置的电池模组单元220，以及串联相邻的两个电池模组单元220的电极连接板250。在本实施例中，每个电池模组单元220均纵向设置，并将多个电池模组单元220纵向并排靠近设置在一起，所有的电池模组单元220均通过上述的第一电池固定压板230和第二电池固定压板240可拆卸地固定在支架结构上。相应地，第一电池固定压板230和第二电池固定压板240也可纵向设置，或者横向设置。而且，相邻的两个电池模组单元220之间通过电极连接板250进行串接，即通过电极连接板250将一个电池模组单元220的正极电片和另一个电池模组单元220的负极电片电连接，从而将所有的电池模组单元串联起来。
此外，当多个电池模组单元纵向设置时，也可采用第三电池固定压板260从每个电池模组单元的两侧(沿纵向)对其进行固定。
此外，在另一实施例中，如图1所示，电池模组结构可包括多个纵向设置的电池模组单元220和多个横向设置的电池模组单元220，以及串联相邻的两个电池模组单元220的电极连接板250。在本实施例中，部分电池模组单元220纵向设置，并将多个电池模组单元220纵向并排靠近设置在一起；部分电池模组单元220横向设置，并将多个电池模组单元220横向并排靠近设置在一起。而且，所有的电池模组单元220均可通过上述的第一电池固定压板230和第二 电池固定压板240(以及第三电池固定压板260)可拆卸地固定在支架结构上。相应地，第一电池固定压板230和第二电池固定压板240也可纵向设置和/或横向设置。而且，相邻的两个电池模组单元220之间通过电极连接板250进行串接，即通过电极连接板将一个电池模组单元的正极电片和另一个电池模组单元的负极电片电连接，从而将所有的电池模组单元串联起来。这样，可根据实际情况对多个电池模组单元进行设置，以满足不同的需求。
此外，如图7所示，本发明还提出一种动力电池箱，包括电池仓100，设于电池仓100中的至少一个如上所述的电池模组结构200。该电池仓100包括顶部开口的筒状主仓体110，以及盖设于该主仓体顶部的仓盖体，电池模组结构可容纳于主仓体中的腔体中。而且，该电池仓中可设置一个电池模组结构，也可设置多个电池模组结构。当设置多个电池模组结构时，这些电池模组结构可排列设置为一层，也可设置为多层(如图6所示)，相邻的电池模组结构之间可具有间隙。
此外，本发明还提出一种电动叉车，包括如上所述的动力电池箱。针对不同大小的叉车电池仓可放置数量不等的模块化电池模组结构，以满足容量和电池箱尺寸不一致的要求，并通过并串联搭配方式不同，组成不同电压和电流的模组，实现叉车动力电池箱的模组模块化。这样无论是后续的维修、互换电池模组及电池梯次利用都带来许多便捷性，而且在让模块化模组能发挥最佳性能的基础上得到很好的固定，确保电动叉车即使时速达到最高30公里，模块化模组也能得全方位的有效固定，为电池的安全提供保障。
本发明提出的技术方案中，电池模组结构可对模块化的电池模组单元起压紧作用，使得模块化电池模组单元上下方向得到固定，并有预紧效果；可对模块化电池模组单元有挤紧作用，使其横向得到固定；可控制模块化电池模组单元的间距，防止正负极距离太近，存在安全隐患；可在模块化模组顶部固定，方便操作；电池固定结构可由相同的五金件形成。而且，电池模组结构及动力电池箱包括多个并联的单体电芯，其结构简单，降低电池模组的整体生产成本，能够形成产业规模化，有利于广泛地应用，同时模组标准化 解决了退役电池梯次利用的去向；有利于售后维护的快速现场处理，某个模组的电芯故障，可以直接更换其中所在的模组；这种模块化模组结构，方便电池模组应用于不同品牌或者尺寸的电池仓，提高了配件在各品牌之间的通用性和互换性。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是在本发明的发明构思下，利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构变换，或直接/间接运用在其他相关的技术领域均包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电池模组结构，其特征在于，包括支架结构，设于所述支架结构上的至少一个电池模组单元；
    所述支架结构包括支架框体，以及设于所述支架框体上的电池固定结构，所述电池固定结构固设于所述电池模组单元和所述支架框体顶部；
    所述支架结构包括支架底板，以及设于所述支架底板上的框体主体，所述支架底板与所述框体主体之间围设形成用于容纳所述电池模组单元的电池容纳腔；
    所述电池固定结构包括至少两个电池固定压板，其中两个所述电池固定压板分别可拆卸地连接于一个所述电池模组单元的顶部两侧，且每个所述电池固定压板两端均可拆卸地连接于所述框体主体的顶部。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池模组结构，其特征在于，所述电池模组单元包括模组壳体，并排设于所述模组壳体中的多个电芯，并联连接于多个所述电芯的负极端的负极电片，以及并联连接于多个所述电芯的正极端的正极电片。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池模组结构，其特征在于，所述模组壳体包括壳体底板，以及围设于所述壳体底板四周的壳体侧板，所述壳体侧板上开设有多个侧板窗口，多个电芯容纳于所述壳体底板和所述壳体侧板围设形成的电芯腔体中。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电池模组结构，其特征在于，所述电池模组结构包括一个所述电池模组单元，所述电池固定结构包括横截面形状设为L形的两个第一电池固定压板、并分别压设于所述电池模组单元两侧边缘处。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电池模组结构，其特征在于，所述第一电池固定压板包括第一压板紧固部，以及与所述第一压板紧固部弯折成一定夹角的第一压板弯折部，所述第一压板紧固部压紧于所述电池模组单元的顶面，所 述第一压板弯折部对应于所述电池模组单元的侧面。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的电池模组结构，其特征在于，所述电池模组结构包括多个所述电池模组单元，所述电池固定结构包括横截面形状设为L形的两个第一电池固定压板、以及横截面形状设为T形的至少一个第二电池固定压板，两个所述第一电池固定压板分别压设于多个所述电池模组单元外侧边缘处，所述第二电池固定板压设于相邻的两个所述电池模组单元之间。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电池模组结构，其特征在于，所述第一电池固定压板包括第一压板紧固部，以及与所述第一压板紧固部弯折成一定夹角的第一压板弯折部，所述第一压板紧固部压紧于所述电池模组单元的顶面，所述第一压板弯折部对应于所述电池模组单元的侧面；
    所述第二电池固定压板包括相互连接的两个所述第一电池固定压板，两个所述第一电池固定压板的第一压板弯折部并排连接形成第二压板弯折部，两个所述第一电池固定压板的第一压板紧固部对齐形成第二压板紧固部，所述第二压板紧固部两侧分别压紧于相邻的两个所述电池模组单元的顶面上，所述第二压板弯折部隔设于相邻的两个电池模组单元之间。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的电池模组结构，其特征在于，所述电池模组结构包括多个横向设置的所述电池模组单元，以及串联相邻的两个所述电池模组单元的电极连接板；和/或，
    所述电池模组结构包括多个纵向设置的所述电池模组单元，以及串联相邻的两个所述电池模组单元的电极连接板。
  9. 一种动力电池箱，其特征在于，包括电池仓，设于所述电池仓中的至少一个如权利要求1-8任意一项所述的电池模组结构。
  10. 一种电动叉车，其特征在于，包括如权利要求9所述的动力电池箱。
PCT/CN2019/097215 2019-04-01 2019-07-23 电池模组结构、动力电池箱及电动叉车 WO2020199427A1 (zh)

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