WO2020192413A1 - 显示基板、显示模组及其驱动方法和显示装置 - Google Patents

显示基板、显示模组及其驱动方法和显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020192413A1
WO2020192413A1 PCT/CN2020/078625 CN2020078625W WO2020192413A1 WO 2020192413 A1 WO2020192413 A1 WO 2020192413A1 CN 2020078625 W CN2020078625 W CN 2020078625W WO 2020192413 A1 WO2020192413 A1 WO 2020192413A1
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Prior art keywords
color
state
light
pixel
changing layer
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PCT/CN2020/078625
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张国君
蒋立
黄炯
李朋
韩乐乐
马俊才
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
合肥京东方光电科技有限公司
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Priority to US17/042,714 priority Critical patent/US20210247655A1/en
Publication of WO2020192413A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020192413A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/0126—Opto-optical modulation, i.e. control of one light beam by another light beam, not otherwise provided for in this subclass
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/1514—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material
    • G02F1/1523—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material
    • G02F1/1524—Transition metal compounds
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/153—Constructional details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/153—Constructional details
    • G02F1/1533—Constructional details structural features not otherwise provided for
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/153—Constructional details
    • G02F1/157—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. reflectors or illuminating devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
    • G06V40/13—Sensors therefor
    • G06V40/1318—Sensors therefor using electro-optical elements or layers, e.g. electroluminescent sensing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/2003—Display of colours
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/38—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using electrochromic devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/04—Structural and physical details of display devices
    • G09G2300/0439—Pixel structures
    • G09G2300/0443—Pixel structures with several sub-pixels for the same colour in a pixel, not specifically used to display gradations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/06—Adjustment of display parameters
    • G09G2320/0666—Adjustment of display parameters for control of colour parameters, e.g. colour temperature

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a display substrate, a display module, a driving method thereof, and a display device.
  • Fingerprints are lines formed by linearly arranged protrusions (peaks) and depressions (valleys) on the surface of the finger. Because fingerprints have the characteristics of lifelong immutability, uniqueness and convenience, fingerprints have become one of the mainstream of biometric identification and are widely used in the fields of identity information authentication and identification such as security facilities and attendance systems.
  • full-screen display is the main development trend of display devices, and fingerprint recognition through the optical fingerprint recognition module under the screen is the main way for full-screen display devices to identify user fingerprints.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure provide a display substrate including a plurality of pixel units, wherein at least one pixel unit includes:
  • a color-changing layer covering a part of the light-emitting surface of the first sub-pixel can be switched between a first state and a second state, and the color-changing layer is configured to be in the first state , Making the light of the first wavelength emitted by the first sub-pixel pass through the color changing layer;
  • the light-emitting layer is located on the side of the color changing layer away from the first sub-pixel, and is configured to emit light of a second wavelength under the excitation of light of the first wavelength, and the light of the second wavelength is invisible light.
  • the color changing layer is configured to not transmit light of the first wavelength in the second state.
  • the color changing layer is an electrochromic layer; the electrochromic layer is configured to be in a first state when power is off and in a second state when power is on; or, the electrochromic layer is The chromic layer is configured to be in a first state when energized and in a second state when energized.
  • the color changing layer is a photochromic layer
  • the photochromic layer is configured to be in a first state when light of a first wavelength enters the photochromic layer, and when there is no first wavelength
  • the photochromic layer is in the second state when the wavelength light enters the photochromic layer; or, the photochromic layer is configured to be in the first state when no light of the first wavelength enters the photochromic layer, and when the light of the first wavelength When the photochromic layer is incident, it is in the second state.
  • the color changing layer includes cobalt oxide.
  • the second wavelength light is in the infrared light band
  • the first sub-pixel is a blue sub-pixel
  • the light-emitting layer is made of a blue-excited infrared light material.
  • the blue excited infrared light material includes K2SiF6:Mn4+ and K2SnF6:Mn4+.
  • a groove is provided on the first sub-pixel, the color changing layer and the light-emitting layer are located in the groove of the first sub-pixel, and the groove is located in the first sub-pixel.
  • the central area or edge area of the pixel is provided on the first sub-pixel.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a display module, including the display substrate as described above;
  • a light source, the light source is arranged on the light incident side of the display substrate;
  • the optical sensor is arranged on the light-emitting side of the display substrate and is configured to collect the second wavelength light emitted by the light-emitting layer of the at least one pixel unit and reflected by the finger, and identify the light based on the collected second wavelength light Fingerprint information.
  • the first sub-pixel includes a first part covered by the color changing layer and the light-emitting layer, and a second part not covered by the color changing layer and the light-emitting layer;
  • the first part of a sub-pixel is configured to recognize fingerprint information in a first state, and the second part of the first sub-pixel is configured to display an image under the illumination of the light source.
  • each pixel unit further includes a second sub-pixel and a third sub-pixel for displaying an image.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a driving method of the display module as described above, including:
  • the light source is turned on, the second wavelength light emitted by the light-emitting layer in the at least one pixel unit and reflected by the finger is collected by the optical sensor, and fingerprint information is identified based on the collected second wavelength light.
  • the first sub-pixel includes a first part covered by the color changing layer and the light-emitting layer, and a second part not covered by the color changing layer and the light-emitting layer
  • the method includes: when receiving a fingerprint recognition instruction, controlling the first part of the first sub-pixel in at least one pixel unit and the optical sensor to recognize fingerprint information, and controlling the second part of the first sub-pixel in the at least one pixel unit to display an image.
  • the color changing layer is configured to not transmit light of the first wavelength in the second state
  • the display module includes adjacent first pixel units and second pixel units;
  • the controlling the color-changing layer in at least one pixel unit to be in the first state so that the color-changing layer can transmit light of the first wavelength includes:
  • the color-changing layer in the first pixel unit is controlled to be in the first state and the color-changing layer in the second pixel unit is controlled to be in the second state, so that the color-changing layer in the first pixel unit is light at the first wavelength and enters The light-emitting layer.
  • controlling the color changing layer in the first pixel unit to be in the first state and controlling the color changing layer in the second pixel unit to be in the second state includes:
  • the color-changing layer in pixel units of even-numbered rows and even-numbered columns is controlled to be in the first state, and the color-changing layer in other pixel units is controlled to be in the second state.
  • controlling the color changing layer in the first pixel unit to be in the first state and controlling the color changing layer in the second pixel unit to be in the second state includes:
  • the color-changing layer in the pixel unit of the odd column is in the second state, and the color-changing layer in other pixel units is controlled to be in the first state; or,
  • the color-changing layer in pixel units of even-numbered columns is in the second state, and the color-changing layer in other pixel units is controlled to be in the first state; or,
  • embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a display device, including the display module described above.
  • FIG. 1 is a top view of a pixel unit in a display substrate provided by some embodiments of the disclosure
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of line A-A in Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3a is a schematic diagram of emitting light from a light-emitting layer in a display substrate provided by some embodiments of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 3b is a schematic diagram of the light-emitting layer in the display substrate provided by some embodiments of the disclosure without light;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module provided by some embodiments of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a driving method of a display module provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • 6a is one of the state distribution diagrams of the color changing layer on the pixel unit in the driving method of the display module provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6b is the second distribution diagram of the state of the color changing layer on the pixel unit in the driving method of the display module provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • 6c is the third state distribution diagram of the color-changing layer on the pixel unit in the driving method of the display module provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6d is the fourth distribution diagram of the state of the color-changing layer on the pixel unit in the driving method of the display module provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a display substrate, a display module and a driving method thereof, and a display device, which can reduce the manufacturing cost of the display device, realize full-screen fingerprint recognition of the display device, and can display at the same time Realize fingerprint recognition.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display substrate including a plurality of pixel units, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, wherein at least one of the pixel units is provided with:
  • the first sub-pixel 10 The first sub-pixel 10;
  • the color-changing layer 110 covers part of the light-emitting surface of the first sub-pixel, the color-changing layer 110 can be switched between a first state and a second state, and the color-changing layer 110 is configured to In the first state, allowing the light of the first wavelength emitted by the first sub-pixel to pass through the color changing layer;
  • the light emitting layer 120 is located on the side of the color changing layer 110 away from the first sub-pixel 10, and is configured to emit light of a second wavelength under the excitation of light of a first wavelength, and the light of the second wavelength is invisible light.
  • the first wavelength light emitted by the first sub-pixel is controlled to pass through the color changing layer 110 when fingerprint recognition is required.
  • the light emitting layer 120 emits the second wavelength light.
  • the second wavelength light emitted by the light emitting layer 120 is used as a light source for fingerprint information
  • the first wavelength light emitted by another part of the light emitting surface of the first sub-pixel not covered by the color changing layer 110 and the light emitting layer 120 is used for normal image display. Therefore, without affecting the display effect, the fingerprint information is recognized by the second wavelength light.
  • the second wavelength light is generally infrared light. In this way, there is no need to add an additional infrared light source in the display device, which reduces the manufacturing cost of the display device, and can realize full-screen fingerprint recognition. Therefore, the technical solution provided by the present disclosure can reduce the manufacturing cost of the display device and realize full-screen fingerprint recognition of the display device.
  • the pixel unit may include a first sub pixel, a second sub pixel, and a third sub pixel. As shown in FIG. 1, the rightmost sub-pixel is the first sub-pixel, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view obtained by cutting along the line A-A in FIG. Part of the light-emitting surface of the first sub-pixel is covered by the color-changing layer 110 and the light-emitting layer 120, and the rest is still matched with other color sub-pixels in the pixel unit to ensure that the display device can display images normally.
  • the pixel unit may also include other numbers of sub-pixels. The foregoing is only an example, and it should be considered that the pixel unit includes any number of sub-pixels within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
  • the color changing layer 110 and the light emitting layer 120 may be attached to the light emitting surface of the first sub-pixel.
  • the first sub-pixel is designed to have a groove structure, and then the color changing layer 110 and the light emitting layer 120 are disposed in the groove (as shown in FIG. 2), so that no additional Increasing the thickness of the pixel unit facilitates the thinning of the display substrate.
  • the groove may be located in the central area of the first sub-pixel, or may be located in the edge area of the first sub-pixel.
  • the color changing layer 110 acts as a transparent layer in the first state, so as to transmit light of the first wavelength to the light emitting layer, so that the light emitting layer emits light of the second wavelength under the excitation of the light of the first wavelength for fingerprint identification. , As shown in Figure 3a.
  • the color-changing layer 110 acts as a colored layer in the second state, and the color of the colored layer is different from the first color, and the light of the first wavelength cannot pass through the colored layer, so that the light-emitting layer cannot emit the second wavelength.
  • Light as shown in Figure 3b.
  • the light-emitting layer 120 is used to cooperate with the optical sensor, so that the optical sensor can recognize the user's fingerprint information under invisible light irradiation without affecting the display effect of the display device.
  • the light-emitting layer may be invisible light such as infrared light and ultraviolet light, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the light-emitting layer 120 may be made of a blue excited infrared light material, and in this case, the first wavelength light is blue light, and the second wavelength light is infrared light. In some optional embodiments, the light-emitting layer 120 may also be made of a green light-excited ultraviolet light material. In this case, the first wavelength light is green light and the second wavelength light is ultraviolet light.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure may also be made of other monochromatic visible light laser invisible light materials. The above are only examples. It should be considered that any monochromatic light excited invisible light belongs to the protection scope of the present disclosure.
  • the color changing layer is configured to not transmit light of the first wavelength in the second state.
  • the display device when the user’s fingerprint information needs to be detected, switches the color-changing layer 110 to the first state, so that the light-emitting layer 120 emits invisible light under the excitation of the first wavelength light as the light source for fingerprint identification;
  • the display device switches the color changing layer 110 to the second state.
  • the color changing layer 110 is an electrochromic layer
  • the color changing layer 110 When the electrochromic layer is powered off, the color changing layer 110 is in the first state, and when the electrochromic layer is powered on, the color changing layer 110 is in the second state; or,
  • the color changing layer 110 When the electrochromic layer is powered on, the color changing layer 110 is in the first state, and when the electrochromic layer is powered off, the color changing layer 110 is in the second state.
  • the electrochromic layer 110 is in the first state when the power is turned off, and the electrochromic layer 110 is in the second state when the electrochromic layer is energized.
  • the display device needs to detect fingerprint information, it can stop providing the electrochromic layer
  • the electrical energy causes the light-emitting layer 120 to emit invisible light as a light source for fingerprint identification.
  • electrical energy is provided to the electrochromic layer to avoid interference between invisible light and other visible light.
  • the electrochromic layer 110 is in the first state when it is energized, and the electrochromic layer 120 is in the second state when the electrochromic layer is in the second state. It saves more power and extends the standby time of the display device.
  • the color changing layer 110 may be made of materials including cobalt oxide.
  • the electrochromic layers in the multiple pixel units are connected to separate switches to independently control the energization of the respective electrochromic layers to prevent light interference between adjacent pixels.
  • the above-mentioned invisible light is infrared light
  • the first sub-pixel is a blue sub-pixel
  • the light-emitting layer 120 is made of a blue-excited infrared light material.
  • the blue excited infrared light material may be a nano red phosphor composed of K 2 SiF 6 : Mn 4+ and K 2 SnF 6 : Mn 4+ .
  • the light emitting layer It emits infrared light under the excitation of blue light.
  • the color changing layer is a photochromic layer
  • the photochromic layer is configured to be in a first state when light of a first wavelength enters the photochromic layer, and when there is no first wavelength
  • the photochromic layer is in the second state when the wavelength light enters the photochromic layer; or, the photochromic layer is configured to be in the first state when no light of the first wavelength enters the photochromic layer, and when the light of the first wavelength When the photochromic layer is incident, it is in the second state.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a display module, as shown in FIG. 4, including the display substrate 401 as described above; and further including:
  • a light source 402, the light source 402 is arranged on the light incident side of the display substrate 401;
  • the optical sensor 403 is arranged on the light emitting side of the display substrate 401 and is configured to collect the second wavelength light emitted by the light-emitting layer of the at least one pixel unit and reflected by the finger, and based on the collected second wavelength light Wavelength light identifies fingerprint information.
  • the above-mentioned light source 403 may be a white light source or a backlight source in a backlight module, which is not limited.
  • the light source 403 is irradiated on the display substrate 401 and the color-changing layer is a colored layer, the light-emitting side of the colored layer will emit light of a color corresponding to the colored layer under the action of light, so that the light-emitting layer cannot receive the first wavelength light and thus cannot emit invisible light.
  • the number of the optical sensors may be the same as or different from the number of pixel units having a colored layer and a light-emitting layer.
  • FIG. 4 shows that the number of the optical sensor and the pixel unit having the colored layer and the light-emitting layer are the same, and there is a one-to-one correspondence, and the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
  • the optical sensor 403 is located between the user's finger and the display substrate 401. After the invisible light emitting layer emits invisible light, the optical sensor 403 can recognize the fingerprint information obtained by the invisible light reflected by the ridges and ridges of the user's fingerprint.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a driving method of the display module as described above, as shown in FIG. 5, including:
  • Step 501 When receiving a fingerprint identification instruction, control the color-changing layer in at least one pixel unit to be in the first state, so that the color-changing layer can transmit light of the first wavelength;
  • Step 502 Turn on the light source, collect the second wavelength light emitted by the light-emitting layer in the at least one pixel unit and reflected by the finger through the optical sensor, and identify fingerprint information based on the collected second wavelength light.
  • the color-changing layer is made to transmit light of the first wavelength when fingerprints are recognized, so that the light-emitting layer emits invisible light without affecting the display.
  • fingerprint information is recognized by invisible light.
  • the technical solution provided by the present disclosure can reduce the manufacturing cost of the display device and realize full-screen fingerprint recognition of the display device.
  • the pixel unit may include three sub-pixels. As shown in FIG. 1, the rightmost sub-pixel is the first sub-pixel.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view obtained by cutting along the line A-A in FIG. 1. Part of the light-emitting surface of the first sub-pixel is covered by the color-changing layer and the invisible light-emitting layer, and the remaining part is still matched with other color sub-pixels in the pixel unit to ensure that the display device can display pictures normally.
  • the pixel unit may also include other numbers of sub-pixels. The foregoing is only an example, and it should be considered that the pixel unit includes any number of sub-pixels within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
  • the color-changing layer and the invisible light-emitting layer can be attached to the light-emitting surface of the first sub-pixel; it can also be that the first sub-pixel is designed to have a groove structure, and then the color-changing layer and the light-emitting layer are arranged in the groove ( As shown in Figure 2), this will not increase the thickness and facilitate the thinning of the display substrate.
  • the groove may be located in the central area of the first sub-pixel, or may be located in the edge area of the first sub-pixel.
  • the color changing layer acts as a transparent layer in the first state, so as to transmit light of the first wavelength to the light emitting layer, so that the light emitting layer emits light of the second wavelength under the excitation of the light of the first wavelength for fingerprint identification, As shown in Figure 3a.
  • the color-changing layer acts as a colored layer in the second state, and the color of the colored layer is different from the first color, and the first wavelength light cannot pass through the colored layer, causing the light emitting layer to fail to emit the second wavelength light , As shown in Figure 3b.
  • the light-emitting layer is used to cooperate with the optical sensor, so that the optical sensor can recognize the user's fingerprint information under invisible light illumination without affecting the display effect of the display device.
  • the light-emitting layer may be invisible light such as infrared light and ultraviolet light, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the light-emitting layer may be made of a blue excited infrared light material, and in this case, the first wavelength light is blue light, and the invisible light is infrared light.
  • the light-emitting layer may also be made of a green light-excited ultraviolet light material. In this case, the first wavelength light is green light and the invisible light is ultraviolet light.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure may also be made of other monochromatic visible light laser invisible light materials. The above are only examples. It should be considered that any monochromatic light excited invisible light belongs to the protection scope of the present disclosure.
  • the color changing layer is configured to not transmit light of the first wavelength in the second state
  • the display module includes adjacent first pixel units and second pixel units;
  • Said controlling the color changing layer in at least one pixel unit to be in the first state so that the color changing layer can transmit light of the first wavelength includes: controlling the color changing layer in the first pixel unit to be in the first state and controlling the The color changing layer in the second pixel unit is in the second state, so that the first wavelength light of the color changing layer in the first pixel unit enters the light emitting layer.
  • two adjacent invisible light generating layers do not emit invisible light at the same time, which can prevent the invisible light emitted by two adjacent invisible light generating layers from interfering with each other, and improve the accuracy of fingerprint information recognition by the optical sensor.
  • controlling the color changing layer in the first pixel unit to be in the first state and controlling the color changing layer in the second pixel unit to be in the second state includes:
  • controlling the color changing layer in the first pixel unit to be in the first state and controlling the color changing layer in the second pixel unit to be in the second state includes:
  • the color-changing layer in the pixel unit of the odd column is in the second state, and the color-changing layer in other pixel units is controlled to be in the first state; or,
  • control the color-changing layers in pixel units of odd rows and even columns to switch to the first state, and control the color-changing layers in other pixel units to be in the second state; in the second time period, control odd The color-changing layer in pixel units of even-numbered columns is switched to the second state, and the color-changing layer in other pixel units is controlled to be in the first state; or,
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a display device including the display module as described above.
  • the display device may be any product or component with a display function such as a TV, a monitor, a digital photo frame, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a navigator, etc., wherein the display device also includes a flexible circuit board, a printed circuit board and a backplane.

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Abstract

提供一种显示基板、显示模组及其驱动方法、和显示装置。显示基板包括多个像素单元，其中，至少一个像素单元包括：第一亚像素；变色层，所述变色层覆盖所述第一亚像素的部分出光面，所述变色层能够在第一状态和第二状态之间切换，所述变色层被配置为在所述第一状态下，使得所述第一亚像素发出的第一波长光透过所述变色层；发光层，位于所述变色层远离所述第一亚像素的一侧，被配置为在第一波长光的激发下发出第二波长光，所述第二波长光为不可见光。

Description

显示基板、显示模组及其驱动方法和显示装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请主张在2019年3月27日在中国提交的中国专利申请No.201910237968.9的优先权，其全部内容通过引用包含于此。
技术领域
本公开涉及显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种显示基板、显示模组及其驱动方法和显示装置。
背景技术
指纹是手指表皮层上由呈线状排列的凸起(即纹峰)与凹陷(纹谷)所形成的纹路。由于指纹具有终身不变性、唯一性以及便捷性等特点，指纹已经成为生物特征识别的主流之一，广泛应用于安防设施、考勤系统等身份信息认证识别领域。
目前，全面屏是显示装置的主要发展潮流，通过屏下的光学指纹识别模组进行指纹识别是全面屏显示装置用于识别用户指纹的主要方式。
发明内容
驱动方法第一方面，本公开实施例提供一种显示基板，包括多个像素单元，其中，至少一个像素单元包括：
第一亚像素；
变色层，所述变色层覆盖所述第一亚像素的部分出光面，所述变色层能够在第一状态和第二状态之间切换，所述变色层被配置为在所述第一状态下，使得所述第一亚像素发出的第一波长光透过所述变色层；
发光层，位于所述变色层远离所述第一亚像素的一侧，被配置为在第一波长光的激发下发出第二波长光，所述第二波长光为不可见光。
在一些可选的实施例中，所述变色层被配置为在第二状态下不能透过第一波长光。
在一些可选的实施例中，所述变色层为电致变色层；所述电致变色层被配置为在断电时处于第一状态，在通电时处于第二状态；或者，所述电致变色层被配置为在通电时处于第一状态，在断电时处于第二状态。
在一些可选的实施例中，所述变色层为光致变色层，所述光致变色层被配置为在第一波长光入射所述光致变色层时处于第一状态，在无第一波长光入射所述光致变色层时处于第二状态；或者，所述光致变色层被配置为在无第一波长光入射所述光致变色层时处于第一状态，在第一波长光入射所述光致变色层时处于第二状态。
在一些可选的实施例中，所述变色层包括氧化钴。
在一些可选的实施例中，所述第二波长光位于红外光波段，所述第一亚像素为蓝色亚像素，所述发光层由蓝光激发红外光材料制成。
在一些可选的实施例中，所述蓝光激发红外光材料包括K2SiF6:Mn4+和K2SnF6:Mn4+。
在一些可选的实施例中，所述第一亚像素上设有凹槽，所述变色层和发光层位于所述第一亚像素的凹槽内，所述凹槽位于所述第一亚像素的中央区域或边缘区域。
第二方面，本公开实施例还提供一种显示模组，包括如上所述的显示基板；
光源，所述光源设置在所述显示基板的入光侧；
光学传感器，所述光学传感器设置在所述显示基板的出光侧，被配置为采集所述至少一个像素单元的发光层发出并被手指反射的第二波长光，并基于采集的第二波长光识别指纹信息。
在一些可选的实施例中，第一亚像素包括被所述变色层和所述发光层覆盖的第一部分、和未被所述变色层和所述发光层覆盖的第二部分；所述第一亚像素的第一部分被配置为在第一状态下识别指纹信息，所述第一亚像素的第二部分被配置为在所述光源的照射下显示图像。
在一些可选的实施例中，每个像素单元还包括用于显示图像的第二亚像素和第三亚像素。
第三方面，本公开实施例还提供一种如上所述的显示模组的驱动方法， 包括：
在接收指纹识别指令时，控制至少一个像素单元中的变色层处于第一状态，使得所述变色层能够透过第一波长光；
打开所述光源，通过所述光学传感器采集所述至少一个像素单元中的发光层发出并被手指反射的第二波长光，并基于采集的第二波长光识别指纹信息。
在一些可选的实施例中，第一亚像素包括被所述变色层和所述发光层覆盖的第一部分、和未被所述变色层和所述发光层覆盖的第二部分，所述方法包括：在接收指纹识别指令时，控制至少一个像素单元中的第一亚像素的第一部分和所述光学传感器识别指纹信息，控制至少一个像素单元中的第一亚像素的第二部分显示图像。
在一些可选的实施例中，所述变色层被配置为在第二状态下不能透过第一波长光，且所述显示模组包括相邻的第一像素单元和第二像素单元；所述控制至少一个像素单元中的变色层处于至第一状态，使得所述变色层能够透过第一波长光，包括：
控制所述第一像素单元中的变色层处于第一状态且控制所述第二像素单元中的变色层处于第二状态，使得第一波长光所述第一像素单元中的变色层，并进入所述发光层。
在一些可选的实施例中，所述控制所述第一像素单元中的变色层处于第一状态且控制所述第二像素单元中的变色层处于第二状态，包括：
控制奇数行奇数列的像素单元内的所述变色层处于第一状态，且控制其他像素单元内的所述变色层处于第二状态；或者，
控制奇数行偶数列的像素单元内的所述变色层处于至第一状态，且控制其他像素单元内的所述变色层处于第二状态；或者，
控制偶数行奇数列的像素单元内的所述变色层处于至第一状态，且控制其他像素单元内的所述变色层处于第二状态；或者，
控制偶数行偶数列的像素单元内的所述变色层处于至第一状态，且控制其他像素单元内的所述变色层处于第二状态。
在一些可选的实施例中，所述控制所述第一像素单元中的变色层处于第 一状态且控制所述第二像素单元中的变色层处于第二状态，包括：
在第一时间段，控制奇数行奇数列的像素单元内的所述变色层处于第一状态，且控制其他像素单元内的所述变色层处于第二状态；在第二时间段，控制奇数行奇数列的像素单元内的所述变色层处于第二状态，且控制其他像素单元内的所述变色层处于第一状态；或者，
在第一时间段，控制奇数行偶数列的像素单元内的所述变色层处于至第一状态，且控制其他像素单元内的所述变色层处于第二状态；在第二时间段，控制奇数行偶数列的像素单元内的所述变色层处于至第二状态，且控制其他像素单元内的所述变色层处于第一状态；或者，
在第一时间段，控制偶数行奇数列的像素单元内的所述变色层处于至第一状态，且控制其他像素单元内的所述变色层处于第二状态；在第二时间段，控制偶数行奇数列的像素单元内的所述变色层处于至第二状态，且控制其他像素单元内的所述变色层处于第一状态；或者，
在第一时间段，控制偶数行偶数列的像素单元内的所述变色层处于至第一状态，且控制其他像素单元内的所述变色层处于第二状态；在第二时间段，控制偶数行偶数列的像素单元内的所述变色层处于至第二状态，且控制其他像素单元内的所述变色层处于第一状态。
第四方面，本公开实施例还提供一种显示装置，包括如上所述的显示模组。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例的技术方案，下面将对本公开实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本公开一些实施例提供的显示基板中像素单元的俯视图；
图2为图1中A-A线的剖视图；
图3a为本公开一些实施例提供的显示基板中的发光层发光的示意图；
图3b为本公开一些实施例提供的显示基板中的发光层未光的示意图；
图4为本公开一些实施例提供的显示模组的结构示意图；
图5为本公开一些实施例提供的显示模组的驱动方法的流程图；
图6a为本公开一些实施例提供的显示模组的驱动方法中像素单元上的变色层的状态分布图之一；
图6b为本公开一些实施例提供的显示模组的驱动方法中像素单元上的变色层的状态分布图之二；
图6c为本公开一些实施例提供的显示模组的驱动方法中像素单元上的变色层的状态分布图之三；
图6d为本公开一些实施例提供的显示模组的驱动方法中像素单元上的变色层的状态分布图之四。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本公开实施例中的附图，对本公开实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本公开一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
相关技术中，需要在显示装置的盖板的特定位置增设红外光源，实现在特定位置对用户指纹进行识别的功能。由于增设了额外的红外光源，不仅增加了显示装置的生产成本，还增加了显示装置的厚度。
本公开的实施例针对上述问题，提供一种显示基板、显示模组及其驱动方法、和显示装置，能够降低显示装置的制作成本，实现显示装置的全面屏指纹识别，并且可以在显示的同时实现指纹识别。
本公开实施例提供一种显示基板，包括像多个素单元，如图1和图2所示，其中，至少一个所述像素单元上设有：
第一亚像素10；
变色层110，所述变色层110覆盖所述第一亚像素的部分出光面，所述变色层110能够在第一状态和第二状态之间切换，所述变色层110被配置为在所述第一状态下，使得所述第一亚像素发出的第一波长光透过所述变色层；
发光层120，位于所述变色层110远离所述第一亚像素10的一侧，被配 置为在第一波长光的激发下发出第二波长光，所述第二波长光为不可见光。
本公开实施例中，通过在第一亚像素的部分出光面增设变色层110和发光层120，在需要识别指纹时控制第一亚像素发出的第一波长光透过变色层110，在第一波长光的激发下，发光层120发出第二波长光。发光层120发出的第二波长光用作指纹信息的光源，未被变色层110和发光层120覆盖的第一亚像素的另一部分出光面发出的第一波长光用于正常的图像显示。因此，在不影响显示效果的情况下，通过第二波长光来识别指纹信息。第二波长光一般为红外光。这样，无需在显示装置内额外增加红外光源，降低了显示装置的制作成本，且能够实现全面屏指纹识别。因此，本公开提供的技术方案能够降低显示装置的制作成本，且实现显示装置的全面屏指纹识别。
像素单元可以是包括第一亚像素、第二亚像素和第三亚像素。如图1所示，最右侧亚像素为第一亚像素，图2为图1中沿A-A线切割后得到的剖视图。第一亚像素的部分出光面被变色层110和发光层120覆盖，其余部分依旧与像素单元内的其他颜色亚像素配合，确保显示装置能够正常显示画面。像素单元还可以是包括其他数量亚像素的情况，上述只是举例说明，应当认为像素单元包括任何数量的亚像素均属于本公开的保护范围。
在一些实施例中，变色层110和发光层120可以是贴设在第一亚像素的出光面。在另一些可选的实施例中，将第一亚像素设计为具有凹槽的结构，然后变色层110和发光层120设置于所述凹槽内(如图2所示)，这样不会额外增加像素单元的厚度，便于显示基板的轻薄化。其中，凹槽可以是位于第一亚像素的中央区域，也可以是位于第一亚像素的边缘区域。
在一些实施例中，变色层110在第一状态下作为透明层，从而透过第一波长光至发光层，使得发光层在第一波长光的激发下发出第二波长光，用于指纹识别，如图3a所示。
在另一些可选的实施例中，变色层110在第二状态下作为有色层，有色层的颜色与第一颜色不同，第一波长光无法透过有色层，导致发光层无法发出第二波长光，如图3b所示。
发光层120用于与光学传感器配合，使得光学传感器在不影响显示装置显示效果的前提下，在不可见光照射下识别用户的指纹信息。发光层可以是 红外光、紫外光等不可见光，本公开实施例对此不作限定。
在一些可选的实施例中，发光层120可以是蓝光激发红外光材料制成，此时第一波长光为蓝光，第二波长光为红外光。在一些可选的实施例中，发光层120也可以是绿光激发紫外光材料制成，此时第一波长光为绿光、第二波长光为紫外光。本公开实施例还可以是其他单色可见光激光不可见光材料制成，以上仅仅只是举例说明，应当认为任何单色光激发不可见光均属于本公开的保护范围。
在一些可选的实施例中，所述变色层被配置为在第二状态下不能透过第一波长光。
本实施例中，在需要检测用户的指纹信息时，显示装置将变色层110切换至第一状态，从而发光层120在第一波长光的激发下发出不可见光，作为指纹识别的光源；在无需检测用户的指纹信息时，显示装置将变色层110切换至第二状态。
在一些可选的实施例中，所述变色层110为电致变色层；
所述电致变色层在断电时所述变色层110处于第一状态，所述电致变色层在通电时所述变色层110处于第二状态；或者，
所述电致变色层在通电时所述变色层110处于第一状态，所述电致变色层在断电时所述变色层110处于第二状态。
其中，电致变色层在断电时变色层110处于第一状态，电致变色层在通电时变色层110处于第二状态，在显示装置需要检测指纹信息时，可以停止向电致变色层提供电能，使得发光层120发出不可见光来作为指纹识别的光源，在显示装置不需要检测指纹信息时，向电致变色层提供电能，避免不可见光与其他可见光之间发生干扰。
由于识别指纹信息的时间占显示总时间的比例较小，采用电致变色层在通电时变色层110处于第一状态，电致变色层在断电时变色层120处于第二状态的方式，能够更加节约电能，延长显示装置的待机时长。
在一些可选的实施例中，变色层110可以是由包括氧化钴等材料制作而成。
在一些可选的实施例中，多个像素单元中的电致变色层连接单独的开关， 以独立控制各自的电致变色层通电，以防止相邻像素之间的光线窜扰。在一些可选的实施例中，上述不可见光为红外光，第一亚像素为蓝色亚像素，发光层120由蓝光激发红外光材料制成。
本实施例中，上述蓝光激发红外光材料可以是由K 2SiF 6:Mn 4+和K 2SnF 6:Mn 4+组成的纳米红色荧光粉，在变色层切换为第一状态时，发光层在蓝光的激发下发出红外光。
在一些可选的实施例中，所述变色层为光致变色层，所述光致变色层被配置为在第一波长光入射所述光致变色层时处于第一状态，在无第一波长光入射所述光致变色层时处于第二状态；或者，所述光致变色层被配置为在无第一波长光入射所述光致变色层时处于第一状态，在第一波长光入射所述光致变色层时处于第二状态。
本公开实施例还提供一种显示模组，如图4所示，包括如上所述的显示基板401；还包括：
光源402，所述光源402设置在所述显示基板401的入光侧；
光学传感器403，所述光学传感器403设置在所述显示基板401的出光侧，被配置为采集所述至少一个像素单元的发光层发出并被手指反射的第二波长光，并基于采集的第二波长光识别指纹信息。
上述光源403可以为白光源、也可以是背光模组中的背光源，对此不作限定。光源403照射在显示基板401上且变色层为有色层时，光照作用下有色层的出光侧会射出与有色层对应颜色的光，从而发光层无法接收第一波长光，从而无法发出不可见光。
可以理解，所述光学传感器的数量可与具有有色层和发光层的像素单元的数量相同或不同。图4示出了，所述光学传感器与具有有色层和发光层的像素单元的数量相同，且一一对应，本公开不以此为限。
如图4所示，光学传感器403位于用户手指与显示基板401之间，不可见发光层射出不可见光后，光学传感器403能够识别不可见光经用户指纹的纹谷和纹脊反射得到的指纹信息。
本公开实施例还提供一种如上所述的显示模组的驱动方法，如图5所示，包括：
步骤501：在接收指纹识别指令时，控制至少一个像素单元中的变色层处于第一状态，使得所述变色层能够透过第一波长光；
步骤502：打开所述光源，通过所述光学传感器采集所述至少一个像素单元中的发光层发出并被手指反射的第二波长光，并基于采集的第二波长光识别指纹信息。
本公开实施例中，通过在第一亚像素的部分出光面增设变色层和发光层，在需要识别指纹时令变色层透过第一波长光，从而使发光层发出不可见光，在既不影响显示效果的情况下通过不可见光来识别指纹信息。这样，无需在显示装置内额外增加红外光源，降低了显示装置的制作成本，且实现全面屏指纹识别。因此，本公开提供的技术方案能够降低显示装置的制作成本，且实现显示装置的全面屏指纹识别。
像素单元可以是包括三个亚像素，如图1所示，最右侧亚像素为第一亚像素，图2为图1中沿A-A线切割后得到的剖视图。第一亚像素的部分出光面被变色层和不可见发光层覆盖，其余部分依旧与像素单元内的其他颜色亚像素配合，确保显示装置能够正常显示画面。像素单元还可以是包括其他数量亚像素的情况，上述只是举例说明，应当认为像素单元包括任何数量的亚像素均属于本公开的保护范围。
变色层和不可见发光层可以是贴设在第一亚像素的出光面；也可以是将第一亚像素设计为具有凹槽的结构，然后变色层和发光层设置于所述凹槽内(如图2所示)，这样不会额外增加厚度，便于显示基板的轻薄化。其中，凹槽可以是位于第一亚像素的中央区域，也可以是位于第一亚像素的边缘区域。
在一些实施例中，变色层在第一状态下作为透明层，从而透过第一波长光至发光层，使得发光层在第一波长光的激发下发出第二波长光，用于指纹识别，如图3a所示。
在另一些可选的实施例中，变色层在第二状态下作为有色层，有色层的颜色与第一颜色不同，第一波长光无法透过有色层，导致发光层无法发出第二波长光，如图3b所示。
发光层用于与光学传感器配合，使得光学传感器在不影响显示装置显示效果的前提下，在不可见光照射下识别用户的指纹信息。发光层可以是红外 光、紫外光等不可见光，本公开实施例对此不作限定。
在一些可选的实施例中，发光层可以是蓝光激发红外光材料制成，此时第一波长光为蓝光，不可见光为红外光。在一些可选的实施例中，发光层也可以是绿光激发紫外光材料制成，此时第一波长光为绿光、不可见光为紫外光。本公开实施例还可以是其他单色可见光激光不可见光材料制成，以上仅仅只是举例说明，应当认为任何单色光激发不可见光均属于本公开的保护范围。
在一些可选的实施例中，所述变色层被配置为在第二状态下不能透过第一波长光，且所述显示模组包括相邻的第一像素单元和第二像素单元；所述控制至少一个像素单元中的变色层处于至第一状态，使得所述变色层能够透过第一波长光，包括：控制所述第一像素单元中的变色层处于第一状态且控制所述第二像素单元中的变色层处于第二状态，使得第一波长光所述第一像素单元中的变色层，并进入所述发光层。
本实施例中，相邻两个不可见光发生层不同时发出不可见光，这样能够避免相邻两个不可见光发生层发出的不可见光相互之间发生干扰，提高光学传感器识别指纹信息的精度。
在一些可选的实施例中，所述控制所述第一像素单元中的变色层处于第一状态且控制所述第二像素单元中的变色层处于第二状态，包括：
控制奇数行奇数列的像素单元内的所述变色层处于第一状态，且控制其他像素单元内的所述变色层处于第二状态；或者，
控制奇数行偶数列的像素单元内的所述变色层切换至第一状态，且控制其他像素单元内的所述变色层处于第二状态；或者，
控制偶数行奇数列的像素单元内的所述变色层切换至第一状态，且控制其他像素单元内的所述变色层处于第二状态；或者，
控制偶数行偶数列的像素单元内的所述变色层切换至第一状态，且控制其他像素单元内的所述变色层处于第二状态。
在一些可选的实施例中，所述控制所述第一像素单元中的变色层处于第一状态且控制所述第二像素单元中的变色层处于第二状态，包括：
在第一时间段，控制奇数行奇数列的像素单元内的所述变色层处于第一 状态，且控制其他像素单元内的所述变色层处于第二状态；在第二时间段，控制奇数行奇数列的像素单元内的所述变色层处于第二状态，且控制其他像素单元内的所述变色层处于第一状态；或者，
在第一时间段，控制奇数行偶数列的像素单元内的所述变色层切换至第一状态，且控制其他像素单元内的所述变色层处于第二状态；在第二时间段，控制奇数行偶数列的像素单元内的所述变色层切换至第二状态，且控制其他像素单元内的所述变色层处于第一状态；或者，
在第一时间段，控制偶数行奇数列的像素单元内的所述变色层切换至第一状态，且控制其他像素单元内的所述变色层处于第二状态；在第二时间段，控制偶数行奇数列的像素单元内的所述变色层切换至第二状态，且控制其他像素单元内的所述变色层处于第一状态；或者，
在第一时间段，控制偶数行偶数列的像素单元内的所述变色层切换至第一状态，且控制其他像素单元内的所述变色层处于第二状态；在第二时间段，控制偶数行偶数列的像素单元内的所述变色层切换至第二状态，且控制其他像素单元内的所述变色层处于第一状态。
可以是任选上述四种情况之一来控制变色层；也可以是按照一定的顺序轮流对上述四种情况进行控制，例如：第一帧时，将奇数行奇数列的像素单元内的所述变色层切换至第一状态，且将其他像素单元内的所述变色层切换至第二状态，如图6a所示，图中有图案填充的像素单元上的变色层处于第一状态，空白的像素单元上的变色层处于第二状态；第二帧时，将奇数行偶数列的像素单元内的所述变色层切换至第一状态，且将其他像素单元内的所述变色层切换至第二状态，如图6b所示；第三帧时，将偶数行奇数列的像素单元内的所述变色层切换至第一状态，且将其他像素单元内的所述变色层切换至第二状态，如图6c所示；第四帧时，将偶数行偶数列的像素单元内的所述变色层切换至第一状态，且将其他像素单元内的所述变色层切换至第二状态，如图6d所示。轮流控制时也不仅限于上述一种轮流顺序。本公开实施例中，通过控制相邻像素单元在不同时序发光，避免了相邻像素干扰及光源反射光间串扰。
本公开实施例还提供一种显示装置，包括如上所述的显示模组。
所述显示装置可以为：电视、显示器、数码相框、手机、平板电脑、导航仪等任何具有显示功能的产品或部件，其中，所述显示装置还包括柔性电路板、印刷电路板和背板。
除非另外定义，本公开使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本公开所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本公开中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同，而不排除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接，而是可以包括电性的连接，不管是直接的还是间接的。“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等仅用于表示相对位置关系，当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后，则该相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。
可以理解，当诸如层、膜、区域或基板之类的元件被称作位于另一元件“上”或“下”时，该元件可以“直接”位于另一元件“上”或“下”，或者可以存在中间元件。
上面结合附图对本公开的实施例进行了描述，但是本公开并不局限于上述的具体实施方式，上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的，而不是限制性的，本领域的普通技术人员在本公开的启示下，在不脱离本公开宗旨和权利要求所保护的范围情况下，还可做出很多形式，均属于本公开的保护之内。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种显示基板，包括多个像素单元，其中，至少一个像素单元包括：
    第一亚像素；
    变色层，所述变色层覆盖所述第一亚像素的部分出光面，所述变色层能够在第一状态和第二状态之间切换，所述变色层被配置为在所述第一状态下，使得所述第一亚像素发出的第一波长光透过所述变色层；
    发光层，位于所述变色层远离所述第一亚像素的一侧，被配置为在第一波长光的激发下发出第二波长光，所述第二波长光为不可见光。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的显示基板，其中，
    所述变色层被配置为在第二状态下不能透过第一波长光。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的显示基板，其中，所述变色层为电致变色层；
    所述电致变色层被配置为在断电时处于第一状态，在通电时处于第二状态；或者，
    所述电致变色层被配置为在通电时处于第一状态，在断电时处于第二状态。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的显示基板，其中，所述变色层为光致变色层；
    所述光致变色层被配置为在第一波长光入射所述光致变色层时处于第一状态，在无第一波长光入射所述光致变色层时处于第二状态；或者，
    所述光致变色层被配置为在无第一波长光入射所述光致变色层时处于第一状态，在第一波长光入射所述光致变色层时处于第二状态。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的显示基板，其中，所述变色层包括氧化钴。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的显示基板，其中，所述第二波长光位于红外光波段，所述第一亚像素为蓝色亚像素，所述发光层由蓝光激发红外光材料制成。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的显示基板，其中，所述蓝光激发红外光材料包括K2SiF6:Mn4+和K2SnF6:Mn4+。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的显示基板，其中，所述第一亚像素上设有凹槽，所述变色层和发光层位于所述第一亚像素的凹槽内，所述凹槽位于所述第一 亚像素的中央区域或边缘区域。
  9. 一种显示模组，包括如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的显示基板；
    光源，所述光源设置在所述显示基板的入光侧；
    光学传感器，所述光学传感器设置在所述显示基板的出光侧，被配置为采集所述至少一个像素单元的发光层发出并被手指反射的第二波长光，并基于采集的第二波长光识别指纹信息。
  10. 根据权利要9所述的显示模组，其中，第一亚像素包括被所述变色层和所述发光层覆盖的第一部分、和未被所述变色层和所述发光层覆盖的第二部分；
    所述第一亚像素的第一部分被配置为在第一状态下识别指纹信息，所述第一亚像素的第二部分被配置为在所述光源的照射下显示图像。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的显示模组，其中，每个像素单元还包括用于显示图像的第二亚像素和第三亚像素，所述第一亚像素、第二亚像素和第三亚像素被配置为发出不同颜色的光。
  12. 一种如权利要求9所述的显示模组的驱动方法，包括：
    在接收指纹识别指令时，控制至少一个像素单元中的变色层处于第一状态，使得所述变色层能够透过第一波长光；
    打开所述光源，通过所述光学传感器采集所述至少一个像素单元中的发光层发出并被手指反射的第二波长光，并基于采集的第二波长光识别指纹信息。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其中，第一亚像素包括被所述变色层和所述发光层覆盖的第一部分、和未被所述变色层和所述发光层覆盖的第二部分，所述方法包括：
    在接收指纹识别指令时，控制至少一个像素单元中的第一亚像素的第一部分和所述光学传感器识别指纹信息，控制至少一个像素单元中的第一亚像素的第二部分显示图像。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其中，所述变色层被配置为在第二状态下不能透过第一波长光，且所述显示模组包括相邻的第一像素单元和第二像素单元；
    所述控制至少一个像素单元中的变色层处于至第一状态，使得所述变色层能够透过第一波长光，包括：
    控制所述第一像素单元中的变色层处于第一状态且控制所述第二像素单元中的变色层处于第二状态，使得第一波长光所述第一像素单元中的变色层，并进入所述发光层。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其中，所述控制所述第一像素单元中的变色层处于第一状态且控制所述第二像素单元中的变色层处于第二状态，包括：
    控制奇数行奇数列的像素单元内的所述变色层处于第一状态，且控制其他像素单元内的所述变色层处于第二状态；或者，
    控制奇数行偶数列的像素单元内的所述变色层处于至第一状态，且控制其他像素单元内的所述变色层处于第二状态；或者，
    控制偶数行奇数列的像素单元内的所述变色层处于至第一状态，且控制其他像素单元内的所述变色层处于第二状态；或者，
    控制偶数行偶数列的像素单元内的所述变色层处于至第一状态，且控制其他像素单元内的所述变色层处于第二状态。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其中，所述控制所述第一像素单元中的变色层处于第一状态且控制所述第二像素单元中的变色层处于第二状态，包括：
    在第一时间段，控制奇数行奇数列的像素单元内的所述变色层处于第一状态，且控制其他像素单元内的所述变色层处于第二状态；在第二时间段，控制奇数行奇数列的像素单元内的所述变色层处于第二状态，且控制其他像素单元内的所述变色层处于第一状态；或者，
    在第一时间段，控制奇数行偶数列的像素单元内的所述变色层处于第一状态，且控制其他像素单元内的所述变色层处于第二状态；在第二时间段，控制奇数行偶数列的像素单元内的所述变色层处于第二状态，且控制其他像素单元内的所述变色层处于第一状态；或者，
    在第一时间段，控制偶数行奇数列的像素单元内的所述变色层处于第一状态，且控制其他像素单元内的所述变色层处于第二状态；在第二时间段， 控制偶数行奇数列的像素单元内的所述变色层处于第二状态，且控制其他像素单元内的所述变色层处于第一状态；或者，
    在第一时间段，控制偶数行偶数列的像素单元内的所述变色层处于第一状态，且控制其他像素单元内的所述变色层处于第二状态；在第二时间段，控制偶数行偶数列的像素单元内的所述变色层处于第二状态，且控制其他像素单元内的所述变色层处于第一状态。
  17. 一种显示装置，包括如权利要求9所述的显示模组。
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